Matlab

vectors:
a = [0 2]   % row vector
a = [0 2]'  % transpose, col vector
a = [0; 2]  % also col vector (; = stacking)

matrices:
A = [1 2; 3 4]
x = A \ a   % solving linear equation
A * x

x = -20:0.1:10   % range
put ';' at the end for no output

y = sim(x)
plot(x, y)
title("plot")
xlabel("x")
ylabel("y")
A
A*A
A*A'
A'*A
norm(A)  % L² norm
B = [1 1; 1 1]
norm(B)  % should be 2
eig(A)
[U, D, V] = svd(A)
U*D*V'
A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6]
C = pinv(A)  % penrose inverse
A*C
C*A
rank(A)
rank(B)
trace(A)
trace(A*A')
norm(A, 'Fro')
sqrt(trace(A*A'))
det(A)

%%% to solve the problem in our first test

lam = -10:0.1:10
line = repeat([0;2], size(lam)) + [1;1]*lam
d = norm([0;2] + [1;1]*lam, 2 "cols")
plot(lam, d)

d = arrayfn(@(n) norm(line(i,n), 1:size(line,2))
plot(lam, d)