# # Identification: # # * Title: ??? # * Page: f101v2 = SG+SH (Rene) = p205 (Stolfi) # * Folio: f101 # * Panels: f101v2+f101v1 # * Bifolio: bS2 = f100+f101 # * Quire: S (Rene) = XVII (Beinecke) # # Panel f101v1 labeled f100v in Brumbaugh. # From Brumbaugh: p86: ``medicinal herbs'' # # An enlargement of this page is reproduced in O'Neill's paper, # called page f101v. # # This page spans two normal-size panels (f101v2 and f101v1) in a # four-panel fold-out folio; the text and plants clearly connect # across the joining fold. They were originally entered as two # separate pages (f101v2 and f101v1). Serial page number p206, # formerly f101v1, is no longer assigned. [Stolfi] # # Correspondence between old line numbers on f101v1 and current ones: # # old current # ------------------- -------------------------------- # <f101v1.R1.[1..5]> <f101v2.R1.[5..9]> # <f101v1.R2.[1..5]> <f101v2.R2.[5..9]> # <f101v1.P.1> right half of <f101v2.P.1> # <f101v1.P.2> right half of <f101v2.P.1a> # <f101v1.P.[3..9]> right half of <f101v2.P.[2..8]> # <f101v1.T.10> right half of <f101v2.T.9> # # Correspondence between old plant numbers in this page and current ones: # # old current # ------------------- -------------------------------- # f101v1.[1,1..5] f101v2.[1,5..9] # f101v1.[2,1..5] f101v2.[2,5..9] # f101v1.[3,1..5] f101v2.[3,6..10] # # Attributes: # # * Language: A (Currier) # * Hand: ? (Currier) # * Subsets: P (Rene), pha (Stolfi) # * Subject: pharmaceutical # * Colors: red,b,tan,red[panel_v2],???[panel_v1] (Reeds), blue+red(container_1),grn+blue+red(container_2),blue+red(container_3),blue(2_plant_parts) (Rene) # * Plant: Capsicum sp. (O'Neill) # # Description: # # The top 2/3 of the page contain three rows of plants, with 9, 9, # and 10 plants, respectively. The fold between the two panels falls # to the right of plants [1.4] and [2.4], and cuts through plant # [1.5]. # # In rows 1 and 2, each plant has a one-word label (units "R1" and # "R2"), at its right or above, except perhaps for plant [1,7]. The # plants in row 3 are unlabeled. # # There are also three containers crammed into the left margin of # the page (panel v2 only), next to each row of plants. No labels # are visible on them (but the image is too dark to tell for sure). # All three containers have a simple cylindrical shape. They are # dark painted, undecorated except for a few narrow rings, light # colored, some of them with dots. The relative ring positions, from # the bottom, are: 0.0, 0.7, 1.0 (top container); 0.0, 0.3, 0.8, 1.0 # (middle), and 0.0, 0.8, 1.0 (bottom). # # Below the plants are three paragraphs, with 2.7, 2.8, and 3.0 lines # (unit 程P}). The first two lines of the paragraph 1 are interrupted # by the roots of plants [3,8] and [3,9]. # # Below the last paragraph there is a centered partial line or "title" # (unit 程T}). It may be simply the last line of paragraph 3. # # Plant descriptions: # # ROW 1: # # 1 headroot, bugroot, bird or crab?root [John Grove] # # [1,1] Root: two thick horizontal roots; the left one seems truncated, # the right one makes an S-curve, and tapers down to a blunt point. # Stem: vertical and unbranched. Leaves: rounded, with five # big dents and many smaller ones (like a coarse circular saw blade); # with long stalks, paired except for a lone leaf at top. (May be flowers?). # # [1,2] Root: fat knobby carrot. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # trowel-shaped, drooping, no stalks, toothed edges. Flower: # one, large, horizontal; the image is too dark to see any detail. # # [1,3] Root: rather peculiar---the base of the stem bifurcates # like an inverted "U", and each arm ends with a "fat carrot", # barely wider than it. The arms of the "U" are thicker than the # stem and almost as thick as the "carrots"). Stem: vertical, # with two paired horizontal branches. Leaves: quite strange, look like # ice-cream cones with thick walls, inserted upside-down on the # leaf stalks. # # [1,4] Root: begins like a small carrot but immediately splits # into three tapering and diverging rootlets. Stem: vertical, # with two paired horizontal branches. Leaves: on medium-length # stalks, paired (except for lone leaf at top), triangular, with # two round lobes and two "horns" on the long sides, near the # base. (Each leaf resembles a toy "space shuttle" with two # pairs of wings). # # [1,5] This plant is barely visible in the source image, but part # of it can be seen in the reproduction of page f101v2. Root: # dense round mass, perhaps a spiny tuber. Stem: unbranched, # vertical. Leaves: two, oblong, paired, at end of stem. # # [1,6] Root: "fat crossed legs". Stem: vertical, unbranched. # Leaves: paired, triangular, with somewhat drooping stalks. # # [1,7] Root: "lock of hair". Stem: vertical, unbranched. # Leaves: paired, broad, lance-shaped, with slightly dented edges, # pointing fully down. # # [1,8] Root: two horizontal, diverging,tapering branches. Stem: # vertical, unbranched, slightly curved. Leaves: maize-like, # without stems, curved down. The leaves are partly obscured # by bleedtrough from the leaves of f101r1[1,2] # # [1,9] Root: four horizontal branches, two on either side; # the bottom ones are shorter and curved inwards, like # crab's claws. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # oval, ending with a point, with short stems; paired and # perpendicular to the stem, except for a single leaf at the # top. # # ROW 2: # # [2,1] Looks like a single leaf, without root or stem. # The leaf is round, dark, with scalloped edges. In the center # of the top side there is a light "C", with the opening pointing SE; # the stalk is apparently attached to the underside, roughly at # the center of the "C". # # [2,2] Root: with two horizontal branches, dark and thickened, # with downturned tips and many down-pointing hairs (like a thick # moustache that needs to be trimmed.) Stem: straight, pointing NE, # with two paired branches that start horiontal but curve up # (the whole resembles a three-armed candelabrum). Leaves: # three flyswatter-like leaves (or dense leaf clusters) with # toothed distal edge. # # [2,3] Root: a tilde-shaped main root, almost horizontal, # pointing W, with 7 short, tapering, curved rootlets (like bird's claws). # Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: a big round leaf, with toothed edge, # and a wide slice missing at the bottom part (where the stem is # connected to the leaf center). Alternatively it could be # a fan-like cluster of tightly packed, long and narrow leaves. # # # [2,4] Root: it has two horizontal branches, smooth, tapered # and slightly curved, each having a roundish "hump" where it # gets near the stem. It also has a "fat mousetail" stretching # down from the base of the stem and gradually curving towards # West. Stem: vertical, somewhat curved, unbranched. Leaves (or # flowers): light-colored, two paired, three alternate, a single # one at the end of the stem; all with long slightly crooked # stalks. Each leaf is a star with 8 to 10 sharp triangular # rays, with a dot at the center. # # [2,5] Root: two short worm-like branches, bent horizontally to the left. # Stem: practically none. Leaves: Large, round, with round-toothed # edges, coneccted directly to the root by thin mostly upright # stalks. The leaves were painted in alternating lightand dark tones. # (The "leaves" could also be leaf clusters, and the "stalks" could be # branches.) # # [2,6] Root: a small knobby carrot, dark, pointing to the right. # Stem: several twisted branches rising from the root. Leaves: # round, with large round teeth, with stems resembling the branches. # # [2,7] Root: very small, basically six short strokes pointing # to the sides and down. Stem: practically null. Leaves: # two, paddle-shaped, paired. # # [2,8] Root: long and thin, unbranched, worm-like, growing # almost horizontally to the left, ending with a single whisker. # Stem: short and upright. Leaves: only one, growing up from # the top of the stem; broad, eye-shaped, with many peg-like # teeth. # # [2,9] Root: a short knobby carrot, growing horizontally # to the left. Stem: none. Leaves: broad, lance-shaped, # undulating, with a medium-length stalk, attached directly to the root. # # ROW 3: # # [3,1] Root: a small bulbous tuber, bent W (like a small # eggplant), ending with a short rootlet. Stem: vertical, # unbranched. Leaves: eigth paired, one at the top; feather-like # with many sharp leaflets, resembling the branches of a pine # tree. (The image is too dark to tell for sure). # # [3,2] Root: a dense brush of short S-shaped rootlets, with a # single long mousetail stretching out in the SW direction. Stem: verrtical, # unbranched, slightly curved NW at the top. Leaves: triangular, # with slightly serrated edges, narrow but stiff, horizontal, paired, # with medium-short stalks. Flower(?): a large one at the top of the # stem, resembling a sunflower, apparently without petals. (That part # of the image is obscured by a blot or bleedthrough.) # # [3,3] Root: four straight spines, narrow and sharp, pointing # SW. Stem: vertical, short, unbranched. Leaves: a single # broad fan-shaped cluster, resembling the tail of a turkey. # Each leaf is long with a rounded tip, slightly curved # upwards. Flowers(?): two, with long stalks branching out # diagonally from mid-stem and extending above the leaf cluster. # The chalyx(?) looks like a flat round saucer; the # corolla is cylindrical, with scalloped upper edge. # (Details are hard to see in the image.) # # [3,4] Root: shaped like a fat comma, with a human face on the round # part; a couple of whiskers extending Westward from the root # tip; a lock of hair (?) hanging opposite to the face, # towards Southeast. Stem: straight, with two nearly # horizontal short branches, paired. Leaves: seven, # irregularly placed, with medium-short stalks. Each leaf is # wider than its length, with 4-5 rounded lobes on the distal # edge (vaguely like the outline of a Chinese pot-sticker). # # [3,5] (This plant is largely obscured by the fold between # panels v2 and v1.) Root: only one tip is visible, West of the # fold---mostly horizontal, curved up, cylindrical, ending abruptly # with a hooked rootlet. Stem: apparently short and vertical. Leaves: # a single fan-like cluster, about 60 degrees wide, of long narrow # leaves, resembling palm leaflets. # # [3,6] Root: small nondescript tuber with many hairs. Stem: # vertical, unbranched. Leaves: broad, lance-shaped (almost round), # with a short "beak". # # [3,7] Root: small carrot-like main root ending with three short rootlets. # Stem: two branches (or leaf stalks) rising from the root, one vertical, one oblique. # Leaves: two, each with 5 lance-shaped fingers, narrow and long, # fanning out from the end of the stalk, with a spread of about 60 degrees. # # [3,8] Root: twisted humpy tuber, mostly horizontal, with several # rootlets at the periphery. Stem: straight, unbranched. Leaves: # two paired, lance-shaped, with very short stalks, attached at # mid-stem. Flowers: a single spindle-shaped inflorescence, at the # tip of the stem. # # [3,9] Root: two round, light tubers, with a fringe of rootlets at the # bottom. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: almond-shaped, # tapering to a point; paired, except for the only one at the top. # # [3,10] Root: a round bulb with a long, narrow, tapering root growing # horizontally to the right. Stem: vertical, unbranched. Leaves: # triangular "fans" or "spatulas" (somewhat gingko-like) broad and # short, paired, attached directly to the stem and coplanar with # it. Fruits: three dark berries with medium-length stalks and a # light-colored circle at the top. (The "fruits" could be # flowers.) # # Comments: # # As proof that panels f101v2 (this page) and f101v1 comprise a single # logical page, note that v1 has no containers, but otherwise has # the same layout as v2: three rows of plants (the first two # labeled), and three paragraphs at the bottom. Moreover the # paragraphs in v2 have 3.0, 3.0, and 3.0 lines, all aligned with # those of v1; and the last paragraph of v2 is followed by a # right-justfied title---which lines up neatly with the last line of # v1. [Stolfi] # # Again folio 101v shows a drawing which does not resemble any # European fruit, but suggests plainly Capsicum, a genus strictly # American in origin, known in Europe only after the above date. [1] # # The source of the reproduction in O'Neill's paper is acknowledged # as "Through the kindness of Mrs Voynich, the owner of the Ms, Dr. # Petersen of this institution, possesses a photostat copy of it". # [Gabriel 98/Mar/07] # # The position of the containers suggests they were not # planned from the beginning, but added after the plant drawings # were complete. In fact this seems to be true of the whole pharma # section. [Stolfi] # # "Fair copies" of some of these plant drawings are found elsewhere. [Stolfi] # # Some of the plants on row 2 could be algae. [Stolfi] # # Plant [1,2] strongly resembles the "sunflower" on f93r. [Stolfi] # # Plant [2,4] has roots with 'knots' as if it's a tree. The leaves # look like chestnut's. [Rene 98/Aug/16] # # The leaves and overall shape of plant [3,1] resemble those of # plant f100v[3,3]. [Stolfi] # # The root and face on the root of plant [3,4] are standard medieval # symbolism. (Presumably it means that a "good" specimen is one # whose shape and spots resemble a human face, just as a "good" # mandrake root is one that resembles a human body.) [Stolfi 98/Aug/13] # # Faint handwriting on the KHE scans, under root of plant [3,4], could say # "Maidenhair fern \n 4!.. Adiantum capillus-ven[eris]" # Indeed the leaves of A. c.-v. resemble those depicted here, # and the drawing would be a perfect rebus-writing for "maidenhair". # [Stolfi] # # References: # # [1] Hugh O'Neill, "Botanical observations on the Voynich MS", # Speculum 19(1944), 126. Reproduced in Brumbaugh, p. 81. # # Last edited on 2004-11-15 16:39:01 by stolfi