@include{intro.src}
@section 1 {bod}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0001-1804-05-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 14th ¬ Monday Set out from Camp River a Dubois at 4 oClock P#M# and 
  proceded up the Missouris under Sail to the first Island in the Missouri 
  and Camped on the upper point opposit a Creek on the South Side below a 
  ledge of limestone rock Called Colewater, made 41/2 miles, the Party 
  Consisted of 2, Self one frenchman and 22 Men in the Boat of 20 ores, 1 
  Serjt# & 7 french in a large Perogue, a Corp and 6 Soldiers in a large 
  Perogue. a Cloudy rainey day. wind from the N E# men in high Spirits 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0002-1804-05-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday May 14th 1804 Rained the forepart of the day I determined to go as 
  far as St# Charles a french Village 7 Leags# up the Missourie, and wait at 
  that place untill Capt# Lewis Could finish the business in which he was 
  obliged to attend to at St Louis and join me by Land from that place 24 
  miles; by this movement I calculated that if any alterations in the 
  loading of the Vestles or other Changes necessary, that they might be made 
  at St# Charles I Set out at 4 oClock P#M# in the presence of many of the 
  Neighbouring inhabitents, and proceeded on under a jentle brease up the 
  Missourie to the upper Point of the 1st Island 4 Miles and Camped on the 
  Island which is Situated Close on the right (or Starboard) Side, and 
  opposit the mouth of a Small Creek called Cold water, a heavy rain this 
  after~noon The Course of this day nearly West wind from N# E 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0003-1804-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 15th It rained during the greater part of last night and 
  continued untill 7 OCk# A#M# after which the Prarty proceeded, passed two 
  Islands and incamped on the Stard# shore at Mr# Fifer's landing opposite 
  an Island, the evening was fair. some wild gees with their young brudes 
  were seen today. the barge run foul three several times ¬ on logs, and 
  in one instance it was with much difficulty they could get her off; 
  happily no injury was sustained, tho the barge was several minutes in 
  eminent danger; this was cased by her being too heavily laden in the 
  stern. Persons accustomed to the navigation of the Missouri and the 
  Mississippi also below the mouth of this river, uniformly take the 
  precaution to load their vessels heavyest in the bow when they ascend the 
  stream in order to avoid the danger incedent to runing foul of the 
  concealed timber which lyes in great quantities in the beds of these 
  rivers. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0004-1804-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 15 ¬ rained all last night and this morning untill 7 oClock, 
  all our fire extinguished, Some Provisions on the top of the Perogus wet, 
  I sent two men to the Countrey to hunt, & proceed on at 9 oClock, and 
  proceeded on 9 miles and Camped at a Mr Pip# Landing just below a Coal 
  Bank on the South Side the prarie Comes with 1/4 of a mile of the river on 
  the N# Side I sent to the Setlements in the Pairie & purchased fowls 
  &#. one of the Perogue are not Sufficently maned to Keep up. 
  = 
  Refurences from the 15th of May (2) a large Island to the Starboard; (3) 
  passed a Small Island in the bend to the Starbord, opposit Passage De Soux 
  and with 11/2 miles of the mississippi, observed a number of Gosselins on 
  the edge of the river many passing down, Strong water & wind from the 
  N E ¬ Passed a Place Lbord Called the Plattes, a flat rock projecting 
  from the foot of a hill, where there is a farm, (5) pass an Small Isld 
  near the Center of the river, run on Several logs this after noon, Camped 
  at Mr# Pipers Landing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0005-1804-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 15th Tuesday Rained the greater part of the last night, and this 
  morning untile 7 oClock ¬ at 9 oClock Set out and proceeded on 9 miles 
  passed two Islands & incamped on the Starbd# Side at a Mr# Pipers 
  Landing opposit an Island, the Boat run on Logs three times to day, owing 
  her being too heavyly loaded a Sturn, a fair after noon, I Saw a number of 
  Goslings to day on the Shore, the water excessively rapid, & Banks 
  falling in. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0006-1804-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday May 16th A fair morning, Set out at 5 oClock passed the Coal 
  hill (Call by the natives Carbonear) this hill appears to Contain great 
  quantytes of Coal, and also ore of a rich appearance haveing greatly the 
  resemblance of Silver Arrived Opposit St Charles at 12 oClock, this 
  Village is at the foot of a Hill from which it takes its real name 
  Peeteite Coete or the little hill, it contains about 100 indefferent 
  houses, and abot 450 Inhabetents principally frinch, those people appear 
  pore and extreemly kind, the Countrey around I am told is butifull. 
  interspursed with Praries & timber alturnetly and has a number of 
  American Settlers 
  = 
  Took equal altituds with Sextion M a 68°37'30" Dined with the Comdr# & 
  Mr# Ducetts family (1) Passed an Island on the L Side just above the 
  bank one just above, two Small ones oposut under the St# Shore, one on Lb# 
  Side below St Charles, arrived at this place at 12 oClock a fine Day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0007-1804-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 16th Wednesday a fair morning Set out at 5 oClk pass a remarkable Coal 
  Hill on the Larboard Side Called by the French Carbonere, this hill appear 
  to Contain great quantity of Coal & ore of a  ÷÷÷  appearance from this 
  hill the village of St Charles may be Seen at 7 miles distance ¬ we 
  arrived at St# Charles at 12 oClock a number Spectators french & 
  Indians flocked to the bank to See the party. This Village is about one 
  mile in length, Situated on the North Side of the Missourie at the foot of 
  a hill from which it takes its name Petiete Coete or the Little hill This 
  village Contns# about 100 houses, the most of them Small and indefferent 
  and about 450 inhabitents Chiefly French, those people appear pore, polite 
  & harmonious ¬ I was invited to Dine with a Mr# Ducett this 
  gentleman was once a merchant from Canadia, from misfortunes aded to the 
  loss of a Cargo Sold to the late judge Turner he has become Somewhat 
  reduced, he has a Charming wife an eligent Situation on the hill Serounded 
  by orchards & a excellent gardain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0008-1804-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday the 17th 1804 a fine Day 3 men Confined for misconduct, I had a 
  Court martial & punishment Several Indians, who informed me that the 
  Saukees had lately Crossed to war against the Osage Nation Som 
  aplicasions, I took equal altitudes made the m a# to be 84° 39' 15" 
  measured the Missouries at this place and made it 720 yards wide, in 
  Banks. a Boat came up this evening, I punished Hall agreeable to his 
  Sentence in part, a fine after noon; Suped with Mr# Ducett an agreeable 
  man more agreeable Lady, this Gentleman has a Delightfull Situation & 
  garden. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0009-1804-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 17th Thursday 1804 a fair day Compelled to punish for misconduct. 
  Several Kickapoos Indians Visit me to day, George Drewyer arrive. Took 
  equal altitudes of Suns L L made it 84° 39' 15" ap T#. Measured the river 
  found it to be 720 yards wide, a Keel Boat Came up to day ¬ Several of 
  the inhabitents Came abord to day receved Several Speces of Vegatables 
  from the inhabitents to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0010-1804-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Ordway
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1804 
@section 3 {txo}
  Orders St# Charles Thursdy the 17th of May 1804 ¬ a 
  Sergeant and four men of the Party destined for the Missourri Expidition 
  will convene at 11 oClock to day on the quarter Deck of the Boat, and form 
  themselves into a Court martial to hear and determine (in behalf of the 
  Capt#) the evidences aduced against William Warner & Hugh Hall for 
  being absent last night without leave; contrary to orders; & John 
  Collins 1st for being absent without leave ¬ 2nd for behaveing in an 
  unbecomeing manner at the Ball last night ¬ 3rdly for Speaking in a 
  language last night after his return tending to bring into disrespect the 
  orders of the Commanding officer 
  = 
@begin{sgn}
  {»}Signd# W# Clark Comdg#÷
@end{sgn}
@begin{list}
  {»}Detail for Court martial÷
  {»}Segt# John Ordway Prs#÷ 
  {»}members ÷
  {»»}R# Fields ÷
  {»»}R# Windsor ÷
  {»»}J# Whitehouse ÷
  {»»}Jo# Potts ÷
@end{list}
  The Court convened agreeable to orders on the 17th of May 1804 Sgt# John 
  Ordway P# members Joseph Whitehouse Rueben Fields Potts Richard Windsor 
  after being duly Sworn the Court proceded to the trial of William Warner 
  & Hugh Hall on the following Charges Viz: for being absent without 
  leave last night contrary to orders, to this Charge the Prisoners plead 
  Guilty. The Court one of oppinion that the Prisoners Warner & Hall are 
  Both Guilty of being absent from camp without leave it being a breach of 
  the Rules and articles of war and do Sentence them Each to receive 
  twentyfive lashes on their naked back, but the Court recommend them from 
  their former Good conduct, to the mercy of the commanding officer. at 
  the Same court was tried John Collins Charged 1st for being absent without 
  leave ¬ 2d# for behaveing in an unbecomming manner at the ball last 
  night idly for Speaking in a languguage after his return to camp tending 
  to bring into disrespect the orders of the Commanding officer ¬ The 
  Prisoner Pleads Guilty to the first Charge but not Guilty to the two last 
  chrges. after mature deliberation & agreeable to the evidence 
  aduced. The Court are of oppinion that the Prisnair is Guilty of all the 
  charges alledged against him it being a breach of the rules & articles 
  of War and do Sentence him to receive fifty lashes on his naked back ¬ The 
  Commanding officer approves of the proceedings & Desicon of the Court 
  martial and orders that the punishment of John Collins take place this 
  evening at Sun Set in the Presence of the Party. The punishment 
  ordered to be inflicted on William Warner & Hugh Hall, is remitted 
  under the assurence arriveing from a confidence which the Commanding 
  officer has of the Sincerity of the recommendation from the Court. after 
  the punishment, Warner Hall & Collins will return to their squads and 
  Duty 
  = 
  The Court is Disolved. 
  = 
@begin{sgn}
  {»}Sign# Wm# Clark÷ 
@end{sgn}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0011-1804-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday May the 18th 1804 a fine morning took equal altitude and made it 
  97° 42' 37" M# A 
  = 
  I had the Boat & Pierogue reloded So as to Cause them to be heavyer in 
  bow than asturn recved of Mr# Lyon 136 lb# Tobacco on act# of Mr# Choteau 
  Gave out tin Cups & 3 Knives to the French hands, Mr# Lauriesme 
  returned from the Kickapoo Town to day delayed a Short time & Set out 
  for St# Louis, I Sent George Drewyer with Mr# Lauriesmus to St Louis & 
  wrote to Cap Lewis Mr# Ducett made me a present of rivr Catts & Some 
  Herbs our french hands bring me eggs milk &c# &#. to day The wind 
  hard from the S# W# Two Keel Boats came up to this place to day from 
  Kentucky 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0012-1804-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 18th Friday 1804 a fine morning, I had the loading in the Boat 
  & perogue examined and changed So as the Bow of each may be heavyer 
  laded than the Stern, Mr# Lauremus who had been Sent by Cap Lewis to the 
  Kickapoo Town on public business return'd and after a Short delay 
  proceeded on to St Louis, I Sent George Drewyer with a Letter to Capt 
  Lewis Two Keel Boats arrive from Kentucky to day loaded with whiskey Hats 
  &c# &#. the wind from the SW# Took equal altitudes with Sexetn Made 
  it 97°42' 37" MT# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0013-1804-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Satturday May the 19th 1804 a Violent Wind last night from the W# S W, 
  Suckceeded by rain with lasted Som hours, a Cloudy Morning, many persons 
  Came to the boat to day I took equal altitudes. mar time
  76° 33' 7" 
  = 
  I heard of my Brothers illness to day which has given me much Concurn, I 
  settle with the men and take receipts for Pay up to the 1st of Decr# next, 
  I am invited to a ball in the Village, let Several of the men go, R 
  Fields Kill a Deer George Drewyear returned with a hundred Dollars, he 
  lost 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0014-1804-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 19th Satturday 1804 A Violent Wind last night from the W# S# W# 
  accompanied with rain which lasted about three hours Cleared away this 
  morn'g at 8 oClock, I took receipt for the pay of the men up to the 1st# 
  of Decr# next, R# Fields Kill a Deer to day, I recve an invitation to a 
  Ball, it is not in my power to go. George Drewyer return from St Louis and 
  brought 99 Dollars, he lost a letter from Cap Lewis to me, Seven Ladies 
  visit me to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0015-1804-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 20th 1804 The morning was fair, and the weather pleasent; at 10 
  oCk A M# agreably to an appointment of the preceeding day, I was joined by 
  Capt# Stoddard, Lieuts# Milford & Worrell together with Messrs# A# 
  Chouteau, C# Gratiot, and many other respectable inhabitants of St# Louis, 
  who had engaged to accompany me to the Vilage of St# Charles; accordingly 
  at 12 Oclk after bidding an affectionate adieu to my Hostis, that 
  excellent woman the spouse of Mr# Peter Chouteau, and some of my fair 
  friends of St# Louis, we set forward to that village in order to join my 
  friend companion and fellow labourer Capt# William Clark who had 
  previously arrived at that place with the party destined for the discovery 
  of the interior of the continent of North America the first 5 miles of our 
  rout laid through a beatifull high leavel and fertile prarie which 
  incircles the town of St# Louis from N# W# to S# E# the lands through 
  which we then passed are somewhat broken up fertile the plains and 
  woodlands are here indiscriminately interspersed untill you arrive within 
  three miles of the vilage when the woodland commences and continues to the 
  Missouri the latter is extreamly fertile. At half after one P#M# our 
  progress was interrupted the near approach of a violent thunder storm from 
  the N# W# and concluded to take shelter in a little cabbin hard by untill 
  the rain should be over; accordingly we alighted and remained about an 
  hour and a half and regailed ourselves with a could collation which we had 
  taken the precaution to bring with us from St# Louis. 
  = 
  The clouds continued to follow each other in rapaid succession, insomuch 
  that there was but little prospect of it's ceasing to rain this evening; 
  as I had determined to reach St# Charles this evening and knowing that 
  there was now no time to be lost I set forward in the rain, most of the 
  gentlemen continued with me, we arrived at half after six and joined Capt 
  Clark, found the party in good health and sperits. suped this evening with 
  Monsr# Charles Tayong a Spanish Ensign & late Commandant of St# 
  Charles at an early hour I retired to rest on board the barge ¬ St# 
  Charles is situated on the North bank of the Missouri 21 Miles above it's 
  junction with the Mississippi, and about the same distance N# W# from St# 
  Louis; it is bisected by one principal street about a mile in length 
  runing nearly parrallel with the river, the plain on which it stands is 
  narrow tho sufficiently elivated to secure it against the annual 
  inundations of the river, which usually happen in the month of June, and 
  in the rear it is terminated by a range of small hills, hence the 
  appellation of petit Cote, a name by which this vilage is better known to 
  the French inhabitants of the Illinois than that of St# Charles. The 
  Vilage contains a Chappel, one hundred dwelling houses, and about 450 
  inhabitants; their houses are generally small and but illy constructed; a 
  great majority of the inhabitants are miserably pour, illiterate and when 
  at home excessively lazy, tho they are polite hospitable and by no means 
  deficient in point of natural genious, they live in a perfect state of 
  harmony among each other; and plase as implicit confidence in the 
  doctrines of their speritual pastor, the Roman Catholic priest, as they 
  yeald passive obedience to the will of their temporal master the 
  commandant. a small garden of vegetables is the usual extent of their 
  cultivation, and this is commonly imposed on the old men and boys; the men 
  in the vigor of life consider the cultivation of the earth a degrading 
  occupation, and in order to gain the necessary subsistence for themselves 
  and families, either undertake hunting voyages on their own account, or 
  engage themselves as hirelings to such persons as possess sufficient 
  capital to extend their traffic to the natives of the interior parts of 
  the country; on those voyages in either case, they are frequently absent 
  from their families or homes the term of six twelve or eighteen months and 
  alwas subjected to severe and incessant labour, exposed to the ferosity of 
  the lawless savages, the vicissitudes of weather and climate, and 
  dependant on chance or accident alone for food, raiment or relief in the 
  event of malady. These people are principally the decendants of the 
  Canadian French, and it is not an inconsiderable proportian of them that 
  can boast a small dash of the pure blood of the aboriginees of America. On 
  consulting with my friend Capt# C# I found it necessary that we should 
  pospone our departure untill 2 P M# the next day and accordingly gave 
  orders to the party to hold themselves in readiness to depart at that 
  hour. 
  = 
  Captn# Clark now informed me that having gotten all the stores on board 
  the Barge and perogues on the evening of the 13th of May he determined to 
  leave our winter cantainment at the mouth of River Dubois the next day, 
  and to ascend the Missouri as far as the Vilage of St# Charles, where as 
  it had been previously concerted between us, he was to wait my arrival; 
  this movement while it advanced us a small distance on our rout, would 
  also enable him to determine whether the vessels had been judiciously 
  loaded and if not timely to make the necessary alterations; accordingly at 
  4 P#M# on Monday the 14th of May 1804, he embarked with the party in the 
  presence of a number of the neighbouring Citizens who had assembled to 
  witness his departure. during the fore part of this day it rained 
  excessively hard. In my last letter to the President dated at St# Louis I 
  mentioned the departure of Capt# Clark from River Dubois on the 15th Inst, 
  which was the day that had been calculated on, but having completed the 
  arrangements a day earlyer he departed on the 14th as before mentioned. On 
  the evening of the 14th the party halted and encamped on the upper point 
  of the first Island which lyes near the Larbord shore, on the same side 
  and nearly opposite the center of this Island a small Creek disimbogues 
  called Couldwater. 
  = 
  The course and distance of this day was West 4 Miles the Wind from N# E# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0016-1804-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 20th May a Cloudy morning rained and a hard wind last night I 
  continue to write Rolls, Send 20 men to Church to day one man Sick Capt 
  Lewis and Several Gentlemen arrive from St Louis thro a violent Shoure of 
  rain, the most of the party go to the Church. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0017-1804-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 20th May A Cloudy morning rained and hard wind from the  ¿¿  last 
  night, The letter George lost yesterday found by a Country man, I gave the 
  party leave to go and hear a Sermon to day delivered by Mr#  ¿¿  a romon 
  Carthlick Priest at 3 oClock Capt# Lewis Capt# Stoddard accompanied by the 
  Officers & Several Gentlemen of St Louis arrived in a heavy Showr of 
  Rain Mssr# Lutenants Minford & Werness# Mr# Choteau Grattiot, Deloney, 
  Laber Dee Ranken Dr# SoDrang rained the greater part of this evening. 
  Suped with Mr# Charles Tayon, the late Comdt# of St Charles a Spanish 
  Ensign. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0018-1804-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 21st May Dine with Mr# Ducete & Set out from St# Charles at 
  three oClock after getting every matter arranged, proceeded on under a 
  jentle Breese, at one mile a Violent rain with Wind from the S# W# we 
  landed at the upper point of the first Island on the Stbd Side & 
  Camped, Soon after it commenced raining & continued the greater part 
  of the night; 3 french men got leave to return to Town, and return early 
  (refur to Fig# 2.) 
  = 
  25st refured to fig# 2 Left St# Charles May 21st 1804. Steered N# 15° W 
  13/4 Ms N 52°W to the upper point of the Island and Camped dureing a rain 
  which had been falling half an hour, opposit this Isd# Corns in a Small 
  creek on the St# Sd# and at the head one on the Ld# Side rains powerfully. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0019-1804-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 21st 1804 Monday All the forepart of the Day Arranging our party and 
  prcureing the different articles necessary for them at this place ¬ Dined 
  with Mr# Ducett and Set out at half passed three oClock under three Cheers 
  from the gentlemen on the bank and proceeded on to the head of the Island 
  (which is Situated on the Stbd Side) 3 miles Soon after we Set out to day 
  a hard Wind from the W# S W accompanied with a hard rain, which lasted 
  with Short intervales all night, opposit our Camp a Small creek corns in 
  on the Lbd Side ¬ 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0020-1804-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday May 22nd delayed a Short time for the three french men who 
  returned and we Set out at 6 oClock a Cloudy morning rained Violently hard 
  last night Saw Several people on the bank to day & passed Several 
  Small farms. Capt# Lewis walk on Shore a little & passed a Camp of 
  Kickapoo Indians, & incamped in the mouth of a Small Creek in a large 
  Bend on the Stbd Side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0021-1804-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 22nd Tuesday 1804 a Cloudy morning Delay one hour for 4 french men who 
  got liberty to return to arrange Some business they had forgotten in Town, 
  at 6 oClock we proceeded on, passed Several Small farms on the bank, and a 
  large creek on the Lbd# Side Called Bonom a Camp of Kickapoos on the St# 
  Side Those Indians told me Several days ago that they would Come on & 
  hunt and by the time I got to their Camp they would have Some Provisions 
  for us, we Camped in a Bend at the Mo# of a Small creek, Soon after we 
  came too the Indians arrived with 4 Deer as a Present, for which we gave 
  them two qts# of whiskey ¬ 
  = 
  This Day we passed Several Islands, and Some high lands on the Starboard 
  Side, Verry hard water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0022-1804-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday May 23rd 8 Indians Kick# Came to Camp with meat we recved their 
  pesents of 3 Deer & gave them Whisky. 
  = 
  Set out early run on a log under water and Detained one hour proceeded on 
  the Same Course of last night, (2 miles) passed the mouth of a creek on 
  the Sbd# Side called Woman of Osage River about 30 yds# over, abounding in 
  fish, Stoped one hour where their was maney people assembled to See us, 
  halted at an endented part of a Rock which juted over the water, Called by 
  the french the tavern which is a Cave 40 yds# long with the river 4 feet 
  Deep & about 20 feet high, this is a place the Indians & french 
  Pay omage to, many names are wrote up on the rock Mine among others, at 
  one mile above this rock coms in a small Creek called Tavern Creek, abov 
  one other Small Creek, camped at 6 oClock (after expirencing great 
  dificuselty in passing Some Drifts) on the Stb Side, examined the mens 
  arms found all in good order except the Detachment of Solds in the Perogue ¬ R
  Field Killed a Deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0023-1804-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 23rd Course of last night S 75 W Contined 2 miles to the Said point 
  St# Side passed the upper Point of the Island Thence S 52° W# 7 Miles to a 
  pt# on St# Sd# passing Tavern Island two Small Isd# in a bend to the St# 
  side the Mo# of Oge womans River at 1 m# the Cave Called the Tavern, Lbd 
  Side at 5 m# Situated in the Clifts, opposit a Small Island on the Stbd 
  Side (R# & Jo# Fields came in) with many people, passed the Tavern 
  Cave, Capt Lewis assended the hill which has peninsulis projecting in 
  raged points to the river, and was near falling from a Peninsulia hard 
  water all Day Saved himself by the assistance of his Knife, passed a Creek 
  15 yds# wide at 1 mile called Creek of the Tavern on the Lbd# Side, Camped 
  opposit the pt# which the Last Course was to. one man Sick. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0024-1804-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 23rd Wednesday 1804 We Set out early ran on a Log and detained one 
  hour, proceeded the Course of Last night 2 Miles to the mouth of a Creek 
  on the Stbd# Side Called Osage Womans R# about 30 yds# wide, opposit a 
  large Island and a Settlement. (on this Creek 30 or 40 famlys are Settled) 
  Crossed to the Settlemt# and took in R & Jo# Fields who had been Sent 
  to purchase Corn & Butter &c# many people Came to See us, we 
  passed a large Cave on the Lbd# Side about 120 feet wide 40 feet Deep 
  & 20 feet high many different immages are Painted on the Rock at this 
  place. the Inds & French pay omage. many ???nams are wrote on the rock, 
  Stoped about one mile above for Capt Lewis who had assended the Clifts 
  which is at the Said Cave 300 fee high, hanging over the Water, the water 
  excessively Swift to day, we incamped below a Small Isld# in the Meadle of 
  the river, Sent out two hunters, one Killed a Deer 
  = 
  This evening we examined the arms and amunition found those mens arms in 
  the perogue in bad order a fair evening Capt# Lewis near falling from the 
  Pencelia of rocks 300 feet, he caught at 20 foot. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0025-1804-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday May the 24th 1804 Set out early passed a Small Isd in the Midlle 
  of the river, opposit the on the Lbd# Side is projecting Rock of 1/2 a 
  mile in extent against which the Current runs, this place is called the 
  Devils race grounds, above this Coms in a Small Creek called the little 
  quiver, a Sand Island on the Stbd Side, passed Several Islands & 2 
  creeks, on the Stbd Side a Small Island on the Lbd Side above we wer verry 
  near loseing our Boat in Toeing She Struck the Sands the Violence of the 
  Current was so great that the Toe roap Broke, the Boat turned Broadside, 
  as the Current Washed the Sand from under her She wheeled & lodged on 
  the bank below as often as three times, before we got her in Deep water, 
  nothing Saved her but 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0026-1804-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 24th Set out early, Killed a Deer last night. examined the mens arms, 
  & Saw that all was prepared for action, passed an Island in the M# R# 
  opposit a hard place of water called the Devill race grown, S 63° W 4 
  miles to a point on the Sd# Starboard Side N 68 W to a point on Lbd Side 3 
  ms# Passd# a Small Willow Island on the Lbd# Side to the point of a Isd# L 
  Side ¬ S 75° W to a point on Stbd Side 3 Miles, Passed the upper point 
  of the Island. Crossed and in a verry bad place we got our Boat a ground 
  & She Bocke the Toe Roap & turned the Land, the in Wheeling three 
  times, got off returned to the head of the aforesaid Island, and Came up 
  under a falling Bank. hard water this place being the worst I ever Saw, I 
  call it the retregrade bend. Camped at an old house. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0027-1804-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 24th Thursday 1804 Set out early passed a Verry bad part of the River 
  Called the Deavels race ground, this is where the Current Sets against 
  Some projecting rocks for half a mile on the Labd# Side, above this place 
  is the mouth of a Small Creek Called queivere, passed Several Islands, two 
  Small Creeks on the Stbd# Side, and passed between a Isld# an the Lbd# 
  Shore a narrow pass above this Isld is a Verry bad part of the river, we 
  attempted to pass up under the Lbd# Bank which was falling in So fast that 
  the evident danger obliged us to Cross between the Starbd# Side and a Sand 
  bar in the middle of the river, we hove up near the head of the Sand bar, 
  the Sand moveing & banking caused us to run on the Sand. The Swiftness 
  of the Current wheeled the boat, Broke our Toe rope, and was nearly over 
  Setting the boat, all hand jumped out on the upper Side and bore on that 
  Side untill the Sand washed from under the boat and wheeled on the next 
  bank by the time She wheeled a 3rd Time got a rope fast to her Stern and 
  by the means of Swimmers was Carred to Shore and when her Stern was down 
  whilst in the act of Swinging a third time into Deep water near the Shore, 
  we returned, to the Island where we Set out and assended under the Bank 
  which I have just mentioned, as falling in, here George Drewyer & 
  Willard, two of our men who left us at St# Charles to Come on by land 
  joined us, we Camped about 1 mile above where we were So nearly being 
  lost, on the Labd Side at a Plantation. all in Spirits. This place I call 
  the retragrade bend as we were obliged to fall back 2 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0028-1804-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25 May Set out early Course West to a Point on Sbd# Side at 2 Miles passd 
  a Willow Isd# in a Bend to the Lbd# a creek called wood rivr Lbd# Side N 
  57° W# to a pt# on the Sb# Side 3 Miles passed the Mouth of a Creek St# 
  Side Called Le quever, this Same course continued to a Point Ld# Side 21/2 
  Miles further. opposit a Isd# on Sd Side Passed a Creek Called R# La 
  freeau at the pt# N 20° W 2 miles To a Small french Village called La 
  Charatt of five families only, in the bend to the Starbord This is the 
  Last Settlement of Whites, an Island opposit 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0029-1804-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 25th Friday 1804 rain last night river fall Several inches, Set out 
  early psd# Several Islands passed wood River on the Lbd Side at 2 miles 
  passed Creek on the St# Side Called La Querer at 5 miles passed a Creek at 
  8 mile, opsd# an Isd# on the Lbd Side, Camped at the mouth of a Creek 
  called River a Chauritte, above a Small french Village of 7 houses and as 
  many families, Settled at this place to be convt# to hunt, & trade 
  with the Indians, here we met with Mr# Louisell imedeately down from the 
  Seeeder Isld# Situated in the Countrey of the Suxex 400 Leagues up he gave 
  us a good Deel of information Some letters he informed us that he Saw no 
  Indians on the river below the Poncrars ¬ Some hard rain this evening 
  = 
  The people at this Village is pore, houses Small, they Sent us milk & 
  eggs to eat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0030-1804-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 26th 1804. Set out at 7 oClock after a hard rain & Wind, & 
  proceed on verry well under Sale. Wind from the E N E 
  = 
  The wind favourable to day we made 18 miles a Cloud rais & wind & 
  rain Closed the Day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0031-1804-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 26th Sattarday 1804. Set out at 7 oClock after a heavy Shour of 
  rain (George Drewyer & John Shields, Sent by Land with the two horses 
  with directions to proceed on one day & hunt the next) The wind 
  favourable from the E N E passed Beef Island and river on Lbd Side at 31/2 
  Ms Passed a Creek on the Lbd# Side Called Shepperds Creek, passed Several 
  Islands to day great Deal of Deer Sign on the Bank one man out hunting, w 
  Camped on an Island on the Starboard Side near the Southern extrem of 
  Luter Island. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0032-1804-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Detatchment Orders. May 26th 1804. The Commanding Officers direct, that 
  the three Squads under the command of Sergts# Floyd Ordway and Pryor 
  heretofore forming two messes each, shall untill further orders constitute 
  three messes only, the same being altered and organized as follows (viz) 
  = 
@begin{list}
  {»}Sergt# Charles Floyd.÷ 
  {»}Privates:÷ 
  {»»}Hugh McNeal÷ 
  {»»}Patric Gass÷ 
  {»»}Reubin Fields÷ 
  {»»}John B Thompson÷ 
  {»»}6 John Newman÷ 
  {»»}Richard Winsor÷ 
  {»»}Francis Rivet & (French)÷ 
  {»»}Joseph Fields÷ 
  = 
  {»}Sergt# John Ordway.÷ 
  {»}Privates.÷ 
  {»»}William Bratton÷ 
  {»»}John Colter÷ 
  {»»}Moses B# Reed (soldier)÷ 
  {»»}Alexander Willard÷ 
  {»»}William Warner÷ 
  {»»}Silas Goodrich÷ 
  {»»}John Potts &÷ 
  {»»}Hugh Hall÷ 
  = 
  {»}Sergt# Nathaniel Pryor.÷ 
  {»}Privates.÷ 
  {»»}George Gibson÷ 
  {»»}George Shannon÷ 
  {»»}John Shields÷ 
  {»»}John Collins÷ 
  {»»}Joseph Whitehouse÷ 
  {»»}Peter Wiser÷ 
  {»»}Peter Crusat &÷ 
  {»»}Francis Labuche÷ 
@end{list}
  The commanding officers further direct that the remainder of the 
  detatchmen shall form two messes; and that the same be constituded as 
  follows. (viz) 
  = 
@begin{list}
  {»}Patroon, Baptist Dechamps 
  {»}Engages 
  {»»}Etienne Mabbauf 
  {»»}Paul Primaut 
  {»»}Charles Hébert 
  {»»}Baptist La Jeunesse 
  {»»}Peter Pinaut 
  {»»}Peter Roi & 
  {»»}Joseph Collin 
  =
  {»}Corpl# Richard Warvington. 
  {»}Privates. 
  {»»}Robert Frasier 
  {»»}John Boleye 
  {»»}John Dame 
  {»»}Ebinezer Tuttle & 
  {»»}Isaac White 
@end{list}
  The Commanding officers further direct that the messes of Sergts# Floyd, 
  Ordway and Pryor shall untill further orders form the crew of the 
  Batteaux; the Mess of the Patroon La Jeunesse will form the permanent crew 
  of the red Perogue; Corpl# Warvington's mess forming that of the white 
  perogue. 
  = 
  Whenever by any casualty it becomes necessary to furnish additional men to 
  assist in navigating the Perogues, the same shall be furnished by daily 
  detale from the Privates who form the crew of Batteaux, exempting only 
  from such detale, Thomas P# Howard and the men who are assigned to the two 
  bow and the two stern oars. ¬ For the present one man will be 
  furnished daily to assist the crew of the white perogue; this man must be 
  an expert boatman. 
  = 
  The posts and duties of the Sergts# shall be as follows (viz) ¬ when 
  the Batteaux is under way, one Sergt# shall be stationed at the helm, one 
  in the center on the rear of the Starboard locker, and one at the bow. The 
  Sergt# at the helm, shall steer the boat, and see that the baggage on the 
  quarterdeck is properly arranged and stowed away in the most advantageous 
  manner; to see that no cooking utensels or loos lumber of any kind is left 
  on the deck to obstruct the passage between the burths ¬ he will also 
  attend to the compas when necessary. 
  = 
  The Sergt at the center will command the guard, manage the sails, see that 
  the men at the oars do their duty; that they come on board at a proper 
  season in the morning, and that the boat gets under way in due time; he 
  will keep a good lookout for the mouths of all rivers, creeks, Islands and 
  other remarkable places and shall immediately report the same to the 
  commanding officers; he will attend to the issues of sperituous liquors; 
  he shall regulate the halting of the batteaux through the day to give the 
  men refreshment, and will also regulate the time of her departure taking 
  care that not more time than is necessary shall be expended at each halt ¬ it 
  shall be his duty also to post a centinel on the bank, near the boat 
  whenever we come too and halt in the course of the day, at the same time 
  he will (acompanied by two his guard) reconnoiter the forrest arround the 
  place of landing to the distance of at least one hundred paces. when we 
  come too for the purpose of encamping at night, the Sergt# of the guard 
  shall post two centinels immediately on our landing; one of whom shal be 
  posted near the boat, and the other at a convenient distance in rear of 
  the encampment; at night the Sergt# must be always present with his guard, 
  and he is positively forbidden to suffer any man of his guard to absent 
  himself on any pretext whatever; he will at each relief through the night, 
  accompanyed by the two men last off their posts, reconnoiter in every 
  direction around the camp to the distance of at least one hundred and 
  fifty paces, and also examine the situation of the boat and perogues, and 
  see that they ly safe and free from the bank 
  = 
  It shall be the duty of the sergt# at the bow, to keep a good look out for 
  all danger which may approach, either of the enimy, or obstructions which 
  may present themselves to passage of the boat; of the first he will notify 
  the Sergt# at the center, who will communicate the information to the 
  commanding officers, and of the second or obstructions to the boat he will 
  notify the Sergt# at the helm; he will also report to the commanding 
  officers through the Sergt# at the center all perogues boats canoes or 
  other craft which he may discover in the river, and all hunting camps or 
  parties of Indians in view of which we may pass. he will at all times be 
  provided with a seting pole and assist the bowsman in poling and managing 
  the bow of the boat. it will be his duty also to give and answer all 
  signals, which may hereafter be established for the government of the 
  perogues and parties on shore. 
  = 
  The Sergts# will on each morning before our departure relieve each other 
  in the following manner ¬ The Sergt# at the helm will parade the new 
  guard, relieve the Sergt# and the old guard, and occupy the middle station 
  in the boat; the Sergt# of the old guard will occupy the station at the 
  bow, and the Sergt# who had been stationed the preceeding day at the bow 
  will place himself at the helm. ¬ The sergts# in addition to those 
  duties are directed each to keep a seperate journal from day today of all 
  passing occurences, and such other observations on the country &c# as 
  shall appear to them worthy of notice 
  = 
  The Sergts# are relieved and exempt from all labour of making fires, 
  pitching tents or cooking, and will direct and make the men of their 
  several messes perform an equal propotion of those duties. 
  = 
  The guard shall hereafter consist of one sergeant and six privates & 
  engages. 
  = 
  Patroon, Dechamp, Copl# Warvington, and George Drewyer, are exempt from 
  guad duty; the two former will attend particularly to their perogues at 
  all times, and see that their lading is in good order, and that the same 
  is kept perfectly free from rain or other moisture; the latter will 
  perform certain duties on shore which will be assigned him from time to 
  time. all other soldiers and engaged men of whatever discription must 
  perform their regular tour of guad duty. 
  = 
  All detales for guard or other duty will be made in the evening when we 
  encamp, and the duty to be performed will be entered on, by the 
  individuals so warned, the next morning. ¬ provision for one day will 
  be issued to the party on each evening after we have encamped; the same 
  will be cooked on that evening by the several messes, and a proportion of 
  it reserved for the next day as no cooking will be allowed in the day 
  while on the mach 
  = 
  Sergt# John Ordway will continue to issue the provisions and make the 
  detales for guard or other duty. ¬ The day after tomorrow lyed corn 
  and grece will be issued to the party, the next day Poark and flour, and 
  the day following indian meal and poark; and in conformity to that ratiene 
  provisions will continue to be issued to the party untill further orders. ¬ should 
  any of the messes prefer indian meal to flour they may recieve it 
  accordingly ¬ no poark is to be issued when we have fresh meat on 
  hand. 
  = 
  Labuche and Crusat will man the larboard bow oar alternately, and the one 
  not engaged at the oar will attend as the Bows~man, and when the attention 
  of both these persons is necessary at the bow, their oar is to be maned by 
  any idle hand on board. 
  = 
@begin{sgn} 
  {»}Meriwether Lewis Capt#÷
  {»}Wm# Clark Cpt# ÷
@end{sgn}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0033-1804-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday May 27th as we were Setting out this morning two Canoos loaded with 
  Bever elk Deer Skins & Buffalow Robes, from the Mahars nation, they 
  inform that they left that place 2 months, a gentle Breese from the S# E, 
  we camped on an Isd in the mouth of Gasconade R# this river is 157 yards 
  wide a butifull stream of clear water. 19 foot Deep Hills on the lower 
  Side 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0034-1804-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 27th Sunday 1804 as we were pushing off this Morning two Canoos Loaded 
  with fur &c# Came to from the Mahars nation, which place they had left 
  two months, at about 10 oClock 4 Cajaux or rafts loaded with furs and 
  peltres came too one from the Paunees, the other from Grand Osage, they 
  informed nothing of Consequence, passed a Creek on the Lbd Side Called ash 
  Creek 20 yds wide, passed the upper point of a large Island on the Stbd 
  Side back of which Comes in three Creeks one Called Orter Creek, her the 
  men we left hunting Came in we camped on a Willow Island in the mouth of 
  Gasconnade River. George Shannon Killed a Deer this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0035-1804-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 28th May rained hard all the last night Some wind from the S W, one 
  Deer Killed to day, one Man fell in with Six Indians hunting, onloaded the 
  perogue, & found Several articles Wet, Some Tobacco Spoiled. river 
  begin to rise 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0036-1804-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 28th Munday 1804 Gasconnade Rained hard all last night Some thunder 
  & lightening hard wind in the forepart of the night from the S W# 
  Ruben Fields Killed a Deer Several hunter out to day I measured the river 
  found the Gasconnade to be 157 yds# wide and 19 foot Deep the Course of 
  this R# is S 29° W, one of the hunters fell in with 6 Inds# hunting, 
  onloaded the large Perogue on board of which was 8 french hands found many 
  things wet by their cearlenessness, put all the articles which was wet out 
  to Dry ¬ this day So Cloudy that no observations could be taken, the 
  river begin to rise, examine the mens arms and equapage, all in Order 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0037-1804-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 29th May Sent out hunters, got a morning obsvtn and one at 12 
  oClock, rained last night, the river rises fast The Musquetors are verry 
  bad, Load the pierogue 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0038-1804-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 29th 1804 Set out from the mouth of the gasconnade, where we took 
  obsevn &c# left a Perogue for a man lost in the woods, Course N# 54 W 
  2 m to a point Lb# Side. Passed the Isd# on which we Camped, river still 
  rised, water verry muddey N# 78° W 2 Ms# to a pt# on Lb Side passed two 
  willow Islands first Smaller and a Creek on Lbd# called Deer Creek one 
  oposit the point St# Side and incamped on the Lb Side rain all night the 
  tents together along the N; 76 W 25 Poles S 26 W, to the point above ¬ S 
  19° to the pot below the River 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0039-1804-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 29th Tuesday rained last night, Cloudy morning 4 hunters Sent out with 
  Orders to return at 12 oClock Took equal altitudes of Suns Lower limb 
  found it 105° 31' 45" 
  = 
  Cap Lewis observed meridean altitude of sun U L ¬ back observation with the 
  octant & artificeal horozen ¬ gave for altitude on the Limb 38° 
  44' 00" sun octant Error 2 0 0 + 
  = 
  had the Perogues loaded and all perpared to Set out at 4 oClock after 
  finishing the observations & all things necessary found that one of 
  the hunters had not returned, we deturmined to proceed on & leave one 
  perogue to wate for him, accordingly at half past four we Set out and came 
  on 4 miles & camped on the Lbd Side above a Small Creek Called Deer 
  Creek, Soon after we came too we heard Several guns fire down the river, 
  we answered them by a Discharge of a Swivile on the Bow 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0040-1804-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 30th, Wednesday, Set out at 7 oClock after a heavy rain, rained all 
  last night, a little after Dark last night Several guns were herd below, I 
  expect the French men fireing for Whitehous who was lost in the woods. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0041-1804-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 30th Wednesday 1804 Rained all last night Set out at 6 oClock after a 
  heavy Shower, and proceeded on, passed a large Island a Creek opposit on 
  the St# Side just abov a Cave Called Monbrun Tavern & River, passed a 
  Creek on the Lbd# Side Call Rush Creek at 4 Miles Several Showers of rain 
  the Current Verry Swift river riseing fast Passed Big Miry River at 11 
  Miles on the Starboard Side, at the lower point of a Island, this River is 
  about 50 yards Wide, Camped at the mouth of a Creek on Lbd Sd of abt 25 
  yds# Wide Called Grinestone Creek, opposit the head of a Isd# and the 
  mouth of Little Miry River on the St Side, a heavy wind accompanied with 
  rain & hail we Made 14 miles to day, the river Continue to rise, the 
  County on each Side appear full of Water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0042-1804-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  May 31st Thursday 1804 rained the greater part of last night, the wind 
  from the West raised and blew with great force untile 5 oClock p#m# which 
  obliged us to lay by a Cajaux of Bear Skins and pelteries came down from 
  the Grand Osarge, one french man one Indian, and a Squar, they had letters 
  from the man Mr# Choteau Sent to that part of the Osarge Nation Settled on 
  Arkansa River mentioning that his letter was Commited to the flaims, the 
  Inds# not believeing that the Americans had possession of the Countrey 
  they disregarded St Louis & their Supplies &c# ¬ Several rats 
  of Considerable Size was Cought in the woods to day ¬ Capt Lewis went 
  out to the woods & found many curious Plants & Srubs, one Deer 
  killed this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0043-1804-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 1st Friday 1804 Set out early, the Same Course S 48° W of Wednesday 
  contd# 4 ms passed the Mouth of Little Miry on the Stb & high rich 
  Land on the Lb Side, S# 45°W to an Island opposit a hill on the S# Sd# 6 
  Ms# this Isd is on the Lbd# passed the Mo# of Bear creek 25 yds wide at 2 
  ms# & three Small Isd#, Some Swift water and banks falling in, Wind a 
  head from the West, S 39° W 3 ms# to the Pt# above the mouth of Osage 
  River Larb Side, Camped fell a number of Trees in the Point to take 
  observation a fair after noon, Sit up untill 1 oClock to take Som 
  observations &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0044-1804-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 1st 1804 Friday Set out early a fair morning Passed the mouth Bear 
  Creek 25 yds# Wide at 6 Miles, Several Small Islands in the river the wind 
  a head from the West the Current exceedingly rapid Came to on the point of 
  the Osarges River on the Labd Side of Missouries this osages river Verry 
  high, felled all the Trees in the point to Make observations Sit up untill 
  12 oClock taken oservation this night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0045-1804-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 2nd ¬ Took the Dirts# of Son & moon &c &c# I measured 
  the Osage & Missouris at this place made ther width as follows, the 
  Missoure 875 yd# wide The Osage R# 397 yds# wide, the distance between the 
  2 rivers 80 poles up is 40 Ps# Took equal altitudes & Mredian altitude 
  also ¬ and made them  ¿¿  I assended the hill in the point 80 ps# from the 
  pt# found it about 100 foot high, on the top is 2 graves, or mouns, a 
  Delightfull prospect from this hill which Comds# both rivers 
  = 
  Drewyer & Shields came to the opposit Side to day at SunSet we sent 
  across & brought them over, they had been absent 7 Days Swam many 
  creeks, much worsted. They informed us that the Countrey on both Sides of 
  muddy river's to the hill called by the french  ¿¿  3 ms# below this 
  place, a Small Praries below the hill, 4 Deer Killed to day I assend a 
  hill &#. after measuring the river &c# &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0046-1804-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 2nd Satturday Cap Lewis Took the Time & Distance of suns & 
  moons nearest limbs, the Sun East ¬ and Meridean altitude of Suns U# 
  L# with Octant, back observation gave for altitude 37° 28"00". 
  = 
  Error of Octant 2° 00' 00" +. made Several other observations ¬ I made 
  an angle for the Wedth of the two rivers. The Missourie from the Point to 
  the N# Side is 875 yards wide the Osage River from the point to the S# E 
  Side is 397 yards wide, the destance between the two rivers at the pt# of 
  high Land (100 foot above the bottom) and 80 poles up the Missouries from 
  the point is 40 poles, on the top of this high land under which is a 
  limestone rock two Mouns or graves are raised ¬ from this pt# which 
  Comds both rivers I had a delightfull prospect of the Missouries up & 
  down, also the Osage R# up. George Drewyer & John Shields who we had 
  Sent with the horses by Land on the N Side joined us this evening much 
  worsted, they being absent Seven Days depending on their gun, the greater 
  part of the time rain, they were obliged to raft or Swim many Creeks, 
  those men gave a flattering account of the Countrey Commencing below the 
  first hill on the N Side and extendg Parrelal with the river for 30 or 40 
  Ms# The Two Muddey river passing Thro & som fine Springs & Streams 
  our hunters kill Several Deer to day, Some Small licks on the S E of the 
  Osage River. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0047-1804-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June Sunday 3rd 1804 the fore part of the day fair I attempted to take 
  equal alltitudes, & M Altitudes, but was disapointed, the Clouds 
  obsured the Sun, took the D# of sun & moon Capt Lewis & George 
  Drewyer went out & Killed a Deer, We Set out at 5 oClock P M Cloudy 
  & rain, West 5 Ms# to the mo# of Murrow Creek Lb Sd# a pt# St# Side 
  Keeping along the Lbd Side 1 Ms#, passed the mouth of a Creek on Lbd Side 
  3 ms#, I call Cupboard, Creek, mouths behind a rock which projects into 
  the river, Camped in the mouth of the Creek aforesaid, at the mouth of 
  this Creek I saw much fresh Signs of Indians, haveing Crossed 2 Deer 
  Killed to day. I have a verry Sore Throat, & am Tormented with 
  Musquetors & Small ticks. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0048-1804-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 3rd Sunday 1804 The forepart of the day fair Took meridional altitude 
  of suns U:L with the Octant and Glass Horrison adjusted back observation. 
  the instrument gave 38° 2' 00" ¬ it was Cloudy and the Suns disk much 
  obsured, and Cannot be Depended on. 
  = 
  We made other Observations in the evening after the return of Capt Lewis 
  from a walk of three or four ms# round ¬ We Set out at 5 oClock P#M# 
  proceeded on five miles to the mouth of a Creek on the L# S# 20 yds# wide 
  Called Murow, passed a Creek at 3 ms# which I call Cupbord Creek as it 
  Mouths above a rock of that appearance. Several Deer Killed to day at the 
  mouth of the Murow Creek I Saw much Sign of war parties of Inds# haveing 
  Crossed from the mouth of this Creek. I have a bad Cold with a Sore 
  throat. Near West 5 Miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0049-1804-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 4th 1804 Monday, a fair Day Sent out 3 hunters, our mast broke by the 
  boat running under a tree Passed an Islands on Stbd Side on which grow 
  Seeder a Creek at  ¿¿  miles on the Starbd Sd# Course N# 30° W 4 ms# to 
  pt# on St# Side below 2d Isd# passed a Creek on Lbd Side 15 yd# wide, I 
  call Nightingale Creek. this Bird Sang all last night and is the first of 
  the kind I ever herd, below this Creek and the last Passed a Small Isd on 
  the Stbd# N# 25 W# 3 ms# to a pt# on St# Sd# passed a Sm# Isd# on St# Sd# 
  and Seeder Creek on the Same Side 20 yds wide passed a Creek on Lbd Sd# 20 
  yd wide, I call Mast Creek, this is a Short Creek, fine land above & 
  below the mouth. Jentle rise of about 50 foot, Delightfull Timber of Oake 
  ash walnut hickory &c# &c# wind from N W# by W# N# 58° W# 71/2 ms# 
  passed a Creek Called Zoncar on the Lbd Side, N 75 W 3 me# to a pt, S# Sd# 
  called Batue a De charm, a plain on the hill opposit. I got out & 
  walked on the L Sd# thro a Charming Bottom of rich Land about one mile 
  then I assended a hill of about 170 foot on the top of which is a Moun and 
  about 100 acres of Land of Dead timber on this hill one of the party says 
  he has found Lead ore a verry extensive Cave under this hill next the 
  river, the Land on the top is fine, This is a very bad part of the river 
  Seven Deer Killed to day by our hunters ¬ one of the horses is Snaged, 
  the other lost his Shous to day the Bottom on the St# Side to day is 
  covered with rushes, not verry good  ¿¿  the high land Comes to the bank 
  on the Labd Side and good 2d rate land. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0050-1804-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 4th Monday 1804 a fair day three men out on the right flank passed a 
  large Island on the St# Side Called Seeder Island, this Isd# has a great 
  Deel of Ceedar on it, passed a Small Creek at 1 ms# 15 yd# Wide which we 
  named Nightingale Creek from a Bird of that discription which Sang for us 
  all last night, and is the first of the Kind I ever heard. passed the 
  mouth of Seeder Creek at 7 ms# on the S# S# abt# 20 yds# Wide above Some 
  Small Isds# passed a Creek on the L# S# abt# 15 yds# wide. Mast Creek, 
  here the Sergt# at the helm run under a bending Tree & broke the mast, 
  Some delightful) Land, with a jentle assent about the Creek, well 
  timbered, Oake, Ash, walnut &c# &c# passed, wind N W# by W# passed 
  a Small Creek Called Zan Can C on the L# S; at this last point I got out 
  and walked on the L# Sd# thro a rush bottom for 1 Miles & a Short 
  Distance thro Nettles as high as my brest assended a hill of about 170 
  foot to a place where the french report that Lead ore has been found, I 
  saw no mineral of that description, Capt Lewis Camped imediately under 
  this hill, to wate which gave me Some time to examine the hill, on the top 
  is a moun of about 6 foot high and about 100 Acres of land which the large 
  timber is Dead in Decending about 50 foot a projecting lime Stone rock 
  under which is a Cave at one place in this projecting rocks I went on one 
  which Spured up and hung over the Water from the top of this rock I had a 
  prospect of the river for 20 or 30 ms# up, from the Cave which incumposed 
  the hill I decended by a Steep decent to the foot, a verry bad part of the 
  river opposit this hill, the river Continu to fall Slowly, our hunters 
  killed 7 Deer to day The land our hunters passed thro to day on the S# S# 
  was Verry fine the latter part of to day. the high land on the S# S# is 
  about 2d rate 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0051-1804-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 5th Tuesday, Jurked the Vennison Killed yesterday, after Seting over 
  the Scouting Party or hunder of 3 men Set out at 6 oClock Course N 57° W 
  to a pt# on S# Sd# 5 ms# passed a Creek on L# Sd# I call Lead C of 15 yds 
  passed one on the S# Called Lit# good~womans Creek about 20 yds# wide 
  Passed a Willow Isd# a Butifull Prarie approaching near the river above 
  Lead C & extends to the Mine river in a westerly Derection, passed the 
  Mouth of the Creek of the Big Rock 15 yds Wide at 4 ms# on the Lbd Sd# at 
  11 oClock brought a Caissie in which was 2 men, from 80 League up the 
  Kansias River, where they wintered and caught a great qty of Beever but 
  unfortunatey lost it by the burning of the plains, the Kansas Nation 
  hunted on the Missourie last Winter and are now persueing the Buffalow in 
  the Plains, passed a Projecting Rock called the Manitou a Painting from 
  this Deavel to the Pt# on the Lbd Side N 23° W 71/2 Ms# The Same course 
  21/2 ms# Creek Cld# Manitou passed a on the Lbd# Side about 40 yd# wide, a 
  Sand bar in the middle of the River passed up between the Sand & L# 
  Shore one Mile to a Small Creek 10 yd# wide, (I call Sand C). We run on 
  the Sand and was obliged to return to the Starbd Side, I am verry unwell 
  with a Slight feever from a bad cold caught three days ago at the Grand so 
  R# ¬ passed a Small Willow Isd# on S# Side, a large one in the Middle 
  of the river, York Swam to the Isd# to pick greens, and Swam back with his 
  greens, the Boat Drew too much water to cross the quick Sands which 
  intervened, She draws 4 foot water, a fair wind our mast being broke by 
  accidence provented our takeing the advantage of it passed the lower point 
  of a large Island, opposit the Current devides between 4 Small Isds on the 
  St Side. we found the water excessively hard for 12 Miles as we were 
  oblged to pass up the center of the Current between two of the Isds# & 
  round the heads of the other 2 the Current Setting imediately against the 
  points which was choked up with Drift for a mile ¬ Above those Isd# on 
  the St# Side we camped altogether our Hunter or Spis discovered the sign 
  of a war party of abt# 10 Men 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0052-1804-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 5th Tuesday 1804 after Jurking the meet Killed yesterday and Crossing 
  the hunting party we Set out at 6 oClock, from the last Course & 
  distance, N 51° W# 5 ms# to a pt# on the St# Sd# passed a Small Creek on 
  the Ld# S# I call Lead C# passed a Creek on the S# S# of 20 yds# wide 
  Cald# Lit# Good Womans C# on the L# S# a Prarie extends from Lead C# 
  parrelel with the river to Mine river, at 4 ms# Passed the Creek of the 
  big rock about 15 yds# wide on the L# Sd# at 11 oClock brought too a Small 
  Caissee in which was two french men, from 80 Leagues up the Kansias R# 
  where they wintered, and Cought a great quantity of Beaver, the greater 
  part of which they lost by fire from the Praries, those men inform that 
  the Kansas Nation are now out in the plains hunting Buffalow, they hunted 
  last winter on this river Passed a projecting rock on which was painted a 
  figue and a Creek at 2 ms# above Called Little Manitou Creek from the 
  Painted rock this Creek 20 yds# wide on the L# Sd# passed a Small Creek on 
  L# S# opposit a Verry bad Sand bar of Several ms# in extent, which we 
  named Sand C here my Servent York Swam to the Sand bar to geather greens 
  for our Dinner and returnd with a Sufficent quantity wild Creases or Teng 
  grass, we passed up for 2 ms on the L# S# of this Sand and was obliged to 
  return, the Watr. uncertain the quick Sand Moveing we had a fine wind, but 
  could not make use of it, our Mast being broke, we passed between 2 Small 
  Islands in the Middle of the Current, & round the head of three a 
  rapid Current for one mile and Camped on the S# S# opsd# a large Island in 
  the middle of the river; one Perogue did not get up for two hours, our 
  Scout discovd. the fresh sign of about 10 Inds# I expect that those 
  Indians are on their way to war against the Osages nation probably they 
  are the Saukees 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0053-1804-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday the 6th of June 1804. Mended our mast this morning and Set out 
  at 7 oClock, under a Jentle Braise from the S, E by S N 28° W 31/2 miles 
  to a hill on St Sd# passg the N# beige of the Island Called Split rock 
  Island, the river rose last night a foot the Countrey about this Isd# is 
  delightfull large rush bottom of rushes below on the St# Side N 49° W, 
  11/2 Ms# to the mouth of Split rock River  ¿¿  yds# wide on the Starboard 
  Side opod# the pt# of a Isd# passed a place in the projecting rock Called 
  the hole thro the rock, a round Cave pass thro the Pt# of rock's West 11/2 
  ms# to a pt# on Std# Sd# opposit a Clift of rocks abt 200 foot N 31° W# 4 
  ms 1/2 to a pt# on L# Side passed Saline Creek on the L# Side a large Salt 
  Lick & Spring 9 me# up the Creek, one bushel of water will make 7 lb# 
  of good Salt 
  = 
  (Information) Took Meridian altitude of sun Limb. 37° 6' 0" equat to  ¿¿ 
  of Lattidude. 
  = 
  on this Creek, So great a no of Salt Springs are on it that the water is 
  brackish N 51° W to a Belge of an Isd on the S# Sd# at 3 ms# Passed a 
  Willow Isd# in Middle, Some wind in the after part of to day from the S E, 
  (the Banks are falling in greatly in this part of the river) as also is 
  one Side or the other in all the Course, we assended on the North Side of 
  the Isd# and finding that the perogues Could not Keep up Camped 2 hs# by 
  Sun. on the Sd Sd the land below this is good. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0054-1804-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 6th Wednesday 1804 Mended our Mast this morning &, Set out at 7 
  oClock under a jentle breise from S# E# by S passed the large Island, and 
  a Creek Called Split rock Creek at 5 ms# on the S# S# psd# a place to the 
  rock from which 20 yds we# this Creek takes its name, a projecting rock 
  with a hole thro a point of the rock, at 8 ms# passed the mouth of a Creek 
  Called Saline or Salt R on the L# Sd# this River is about 30 yds# wide, 
  and has So many Licks & Salt Springs on its banks that the Water of 
  the Creek is Brackish, one Verry large Lick is 9 ms# up on the left Side 
  the water of the Spring in this Lick is Strong as one bushel of the water 
  is said to make 7 lb# of good Salt passed a large Isd# & Several Small 
  ones, the water excessivly Strong, So much So that we Camped Sooner than 
  the usial time to waite for the pirogue, The banks are falling in Verry 
  much to day river rose last night a foot. 
  = 
  Capt# Lewis took meridean altd. of Suns U# L# with the octant above Split 
  Rock C# &made the altitude 37° 6' 00 error of octt# as useal 2° 0' 0" 
  + The Countrey for Several miles below is good, on the top of the high 
  land back is also tolerable land Some buffalow Sign to day 
  = 
  I am Still verry unwell with a Sore throat & head ake 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0055-1804-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 7th of June 1804 Set out early passed the head of the Isd from 
  the Isd# N# 61° W# to the mouth of a Creek Called big monitu on St# Sd# 
  41/2 ms# psd# a Sand bar in the river, Som Buffalow Sign Sent out George 
  Drewyer & Newmon to hunt Capt Lewis and 6 men went to a Lick up this 
  Creek on the right Side over 2 mes# & 2 other not far above the water 
  runs out of the bank & not verry Strong. 3 to 500 G for a bushell. 
  = 
  S 88° W# 2 Miles to a pt# on Lbd# Side, high bluff on the Stbd# Side, 
  Monitou Creek is 30 yds# Wide at the mouth, passed a painted part of a 
  Projecting rock we found ther a Den of rattle Snakes, Killed 3 proceeded 
  on passed, S 81°W 4 ms# to apt. on S# Side passed an Island in the Middle 
  of the river, S# 87° W# to a pt# of high Land on the L# S# pass'g over the 
  Middle of a willow Island, ms# 31/2 proceed on 1/2 a mile on this Course a 
  Camped at the mouth of Good womans river on the S# S# about 35 yds wide, 
  & navagable Som D# our hunters brought in 3 bear this evening ¬ & 
  infd. that the Countrey between this R# & the Monitou R is rich and 
  well watered, Capt# Lewis went out an hour this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0056-1804-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 7th Thursday 1804 Set out early passed the head of the Island opposit 
  which we Camped last night, and brackfast at the Mouth of a large Creek on 
  the S# S# Of 30 yds wide Called big Monetou, from the pt# of the Isd# or 
  Course of last night to the mouth of this Creek is N 61° W 41/2 ms# a 
  Short distance above the mouth of this Creek, is Several Courious 
  Paintings and Carveing in the projecting rock of Limestone inlade with 
  white red & blue flint, of a verry good quallity, the Indians have 
  taken of this flint great quantities. We landed at this Inscription and 
  found it a Den of rattle Snakes, we had not landed 3 minutes before three 
  verry large Snakes wer observed on the Crevises of the rocks & Killed ¬ at 
  the mouth of the last mentioned Creek Capt# Lewis took four or five men 
  & went to Some Licks or Springs of Salt water from two to four miles 
  up the Creek on Rt# Side the water of those Springs are not Strong, Say 
  from 4 to 600 Gs# of water for a Bushel of Salt passed Some Small willow 
  Islands and Camped at the Mouth of a Small river called Good Womans River 
  this river is about 35 yards wide and Said to be navagable for Perogues 
  Several Leagues Capt# Lewis with 2 men went up the Creek a Short distance. 
  our Hunters brought in three Bear this evening, and informs that the 
  Countrey thro which they passed from the last Creek is fine rich land, 
  & well watered. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0057-1804-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 8th Friday Set out at Daylight proceeded on the Course of last night 
  S 87° W 3 ms passed a Willow Island, from the Point of last Course S 81° 
  W# 3 ms# to a pt# on S# S# passd a  ¿¿  Isd# in the middle of the river, 
  passd a run on the Ld S# above a pt# of rocks 3 ms# on which thir is a 
  number of Deer Licks, N 88° W# 3 Ms# to a pt L S# N# 83° W 2 ms# to the Mo 
  of Mine River, psd an Isd# ¬ This river is 90 yards wide & 
  navagable for Perogues about 90 Ms# I went out on the L S# about 4 ms# 
  below this R# and found the Countrey for one mile back good Land and well 
  watered the hills not high with a gentle assent from the river, well 
  timbered with oake, walnit Hickory ash, &c# the land Still further 
  back becoms thin and open, with Black & rasp Berries, and Still 
  further back the Plains Commence, The french inform that Lead ore is found 
  on this river in Several places, it heads up between the Osagees & 
  Kansas River the right hand folk passes in a Short distance of the 
  Missourie at the antient Little Ozages Villages our hunter Killed, 2 Deer, 
  after Staying one hour at the mouth of this River, Cap Lewis went out 
  & proceeded on one Mile & came in, he fount the land in the point 
  high and fine Course N# 64° W 1 Ms# to a pt# on S# S# N# 80° W to the 
  Lower pot a Id# on L# S# passed a Small Isd# in the m# R# at (3 Ms#) met 3 
  men on a Caussee from R Dis Soux, above The Mahar Nation loaded with fur. 
  Camped on the Lower point of an Id# L# S# called the Mills, here I found 
  Kegs an Pummey stone, and a place that fur or Skins had been burred by the 
  hunters our Hunters Killed 5 Deer, Some rain, the Countrey on the S# S# is 
  Verry fine 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0058-1804-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of June, Friday 1804 Set out this morning at Daylight proceeden on the 
  Course of last night Passed two willow Islands & a Small Creek above a 
  Rock point on the L# S# at 6 miles on which there is a number of Deer 
  Licks, passed the Mine River at 9 ms# this river is about 70 yards wide at 
  its mouth and is Said to be navagable for Perogues 80 or 90 ms# the main 
  branch passes near the place where the Little osage Village formerly Stood 
  on the Missouries, & heads between the Osarge & Kansias Rivers, 
  the left hand fork head with nearer Branches of the Osage River, The 
  french inform that Lead Ore has been found in defferent parts of this 
  river, I took Sjt# Floyd and went out 4 Ms# below this river, I found the 
  land Verry good for a Mile or 11/2 Ms# back and Sufficiently watered with 
  Small Streams which lost themselves in the Missouries bottom, the Land 
  rose gradeuelly from the river to the Summit of the high Countrey which is 
  not more that 120 foot above High Water mark, we joined the Boat & 
  Dined in the point above the mouth of this River, Capt# Lewis went out 
  above the river & proceeded on one mile, finding the Countrey rich, 
  the wedes & Vines So thick & high he came to the Boat ¬ proceeded 
  on passed an Island and Camped at the lower point of an Island on the L# 
  S# Called the Island of mills about 4 ms# above Mine River at this place I 
  found Kanteens, Axs, Pumey Stone & peltrey hid & buried (I suppose 
  by some hunters) none of them (except the pumey Stone) was teched by one 
  of our party, our hunters Killed 5 Deer to day, Commenced raining Soon 
  after we Came too which prevented the party Cooking their provisions ¬  our 
  Spies inform that the Countrey they passed thro on S# S# is a fine high 
  bottom, no water. 
  = 
  This day we met 3 men on a Cajaux from the River of the Soux above the 
  Mahar nation those men had been hunting 12 mo# & made about 900$ in 
  pelts & furs they were out of Provesions and out of Powder. rained 
  this night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0059-1804-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of June Satterday Set out early, water verry Swift got fast on a log, 
  detained us 1/4 hour Hard rain last night. N 39° W 31/2 Ms# to a pt# on 
  the S# S# opposit the Commencement of the 1st Prarie, Called Prarie of the 
  Arrows,1 the river at this place about 300 yds# Wide passed a Small Creek, 
  Arrow Creek 8 yds# wide L# Sd# the Current exceedingly Strong 
  = 
  N 34° E 2 ms# to the Belg of a Small Island Situated on the L# Sd# Passed 
  the mo# of Arrow Creek N 83°W 11/2 ms# to a pt on L# S# opposit Black bird 
  C Small passed the head of the Isd# & a small Willow one to the L# S# 
  (Os merdn# altd# back obsvn# 37 00' 00) N# 39° W 2 Ms# to a pt# of High 
  Land on the L# Side opst# a pt# on St# S# River about 350 yds# wide at 
  this pt# a Wind from the S at 4 oClock (Handson Sutn) on the High pt# a 
  prarie & Small Lake below N 32° E 31/2 Ms# to a pt# on L# S# passed an 
  Isld# in the mid R ¬ in passing up on the S# S# opsd# the Isd# the 
  Sturn of the boat Struck a log which was not proceiveable the Curt# Struck 
  her bow and turn the boat against Some drift & Snags which below with 
  great force; This was a disagreeable and Dangerous Situation, particularly 
  as immense large trees were Drifting down and we lay imediately in their 
  Course, ¬ Some of our men being prepared for all Situations leaped 
  into the water Swam ashore with a roap, and fixed themselves in Such 
  Situations, that the boat was off in a fiew minits, I can Say with 
  Confidence that our party is not inferior to any that was ever on the 
  waters of the Missoppie we Crossed to the Island and Camped, our hunters 
  lay on the S# S# the wind from the S# W# the river continue to rise Slowly 
  Current excessive rapid ¬ The Countrey on the S# S# high bottom & 
  Delghtfull land that on the L# S# is up land or hills of from 50 to 100 
  foot higher than the bottom & a thinly wooded, Countrey, Lands 
  tolerably Good; Comminced raining at 5 oClock and continued by intervales 
  the greater part of the night. We discovered that one of our French hands 
  had a Conpt# ¬ We Commsd Doctering, I hope the Success in this case, 
  usial to 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0060-1804-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of June 1804 Satturday a fair morning, the River rise a little we got 
  fast on a Snag Soon after we Set out which detained us a Short time passed 
  the upper Point of the Island Several Small Chanels running out of the 
  River below a Bluff & Prarie (Called the Prariee of Arrows) where the 
  river is confined within the width of 300 yds# Passed a Creek of 8 yds# 
  wide Called Creek of Arrows, this Creek is Short and heads in the Praries 
  on the L# S# passed a Small Creek Called Blackbird Creek S# S# and One 
  Islands below & a Prarie above on the L# S# a Small Lake above the 
  Prarie ¬ opposit the Lower point of the 2d# Island on the S# S# we had 
  like to have Stove our boat, in going round a Snag her Stern Struck a log 
  under Water & She Swung round on the Snag, with her broad Side to the 
  Current expd# to the Drifting timber, by the active exertions of our party 
  we got her off in a fiew Mints. without engerey and Crossed to the Island 
  where we Campd# our hunters lay on the S# S# the Perogue Crossed without 
  Seeing them & the banks too uncertain to Send her over ¬  Some wind from 
  the S accompanied with rain this evening ¬ The Lands on the S# S# is a 
  high rich bottom the L# S# appears oven and of a good quallity runing 
  gradually to from fifty to 100 foot. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0061-1804-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 10th Sunday 1804 Some rain last night we set out early Saw a number 
  of Goslings this morning, Continued on the Course of last night, thence N# 
  8 E# 21/2 ms# to a pt# on the L# S# passed a part of the River that the 
  banks are falling in takeing with them large trees of Cotton woods which 
  is the Common groth in the Bottoms Subject to the flud North 1 Me along 
  the L# Side N# 40° W# 1 ms# along the L, S# opposit the two Charletons, on 
  the N# Side, those rivers mouth together, the 1st 40 yds# wide the next 90 
  yds# Wide and navagable Some distance in the Countrey, the land below is 
  high & not verry good. Came to and took Mdnl# altd# of Sons U# L# back 
  obsvn# with the octant Made it 37° 12' 00", delayed 11/2 Hour. N# 70° W 
  1/2 of a me# along the L# Sd# ¬ S 60° W 1/2 m# on L# S# the Same 
  Course to the Pt# S# S# 11/2 Ms# We halted and Capt Lewis Killed a Buck 
  the Current is excessively Swift about this place N# 80° W# 3 ms to a pt# 
  on S# S# passed a Isd# Called Sheeco Islan wind from the N W Camped in a 
  Prarie on the L# S#, Capt Lewis & my Self Walked out 3 ms# found the 
  Country roleing open & rich, with plenty of water, great qts of Deer I 
  discovered a Plumb which grows on bushes the hight of Hasle, those plumbs 
  are in great numbers, the bushes beare Verry full, about double the Sise 
  of the wild plumb Called the Osage Plumb & am told they are finely 
  flavoured. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0062-1804-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of June 1804 A hard rain last night, we Set out this morning verry 
  early passed Some bad placies in the river Saw a number of Goslings 
  morning pass near a Bank which was falling in at the time we passed, 
  passed the two River of Charletons which mouth together, above Some high 
  land which has a great quantity of Stone Calculated for whetstons the 
  first of those rivers is about 30 yds# Wide & the other is 70 yds wd# 
  and heads Close to the R# 
  = 
  Dumoin The Aieways Nation have a Village on the head of these River they 
  run through an even Countrey and is navagable for Perogues Cap Lewis took 
  Medn# altd# of sun U# L with Octant, back obsvn# made it 37° 12' 00" ¬ delayd 
  11/2 hours. 
  = 
  Capt# Lewis Killed a large Buck, passed a large Isd# called Shecco and 
  Camped in a Prarie on the L# S# I walked out three miles, found the prarie 
  composed of good Land and plenty of water roleing & interspursed with 
  points of timberd land, Those Praries are not like those, or a number of 
  those E# of the Mississippi Void of every thing except grass, they abound 
  with Hasel Grapes & a wild plumb of a Superior quallity, called the 
  Osages Plumb Grows on a bush the hight of a Hasel and hang in great 
  quantities on the bushes I Saw great numbers of Deer in the Praries, the 
  evening is Cloudy, our party in high Spirits. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0063-1804-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11 June Monday ¬ as the wind blew all this day from the N, W# which 
  was imedeately a head we Could not Stur, but took the advantage of the 
  Delay and Dried our wet articles examined provisons and Cleaned arms, my 
  Cold is yet verry bad ¬ the river begining to fall our hunters killed 
  two Deer, G Drewry killed 2 Bear in the Prareie to day, men verry lively 
  Danceing & Singing &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0064-1804-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th June 1804 Monday The N W# wind blew hard & Cold as this wind was 
  imediately a head, we Could not proceed we took the advantage of this 
  Delay and Dried our wet articles examin'd Provisions &c# &c# the 
  river begining to fall the hunters killed two Deer G# Drewyer Killed two 
  Bear in the Prarie, they were not fat. we had the meat Jurked and also the 
  Venison, which is a Constant Practice to have all the fresh meat not used, 
  Dried in this way. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0065-1804-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th of June, Tuesday We Set out early, passed thro a verry bad bend N# 
  25° W# 31/2 to apt# L# S# N# 70° W# 21/2 ms to apt# on S# S# passed a Sand 
  bar ¬ N 60° W 31/2 ms# to a pt# on S# S# passed Plumb# C at 1/2 a me# on L# 
  S# and halted to Dine, and 2 Caussease Came Down from the Soux nation, we 
  found in the party an old man who had been with the Soux 20 years & 
  had great influence with them, we provld# on this old man Mr# Duriaur to 
  return with us, with a view to get Some of the Soux Chiefs to go to the U# 
  S# purchased 300 lb# of Voyagers Grece @ 5$ Hd# made Some exchanges & 
  purchuses of Mockersons & found it Late & concluded to incamp. 
  = 
  Those people inform that no Indians are on the river, The Countrey on each 
  Side of the river is good 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0066-1804-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th of June, Tuesday 1804 Set out early passed Some bad Placies, and a 
  Small Creek on the L# S# Called plumb Creek at abt# 1 me# at 1 oClock we 
  brought too two Chaussies one Loaded with furs & Pelteries, the other 
  with Greece buffalow grease & tallow We purchased 300 lb# of Greese, 
  and finding that old Mr# Durioun was of the party we questioned him untill 
  it was too late to Go further and Concluded to Camp for the night, those 
  people inform nothing of much information Colcluded to take old Durioun 
  back as fur as the Soux nation with a view to get some of their Chiefs to 
  Visit the Presdt# of the United S# (This man being a verry Confidential friend of those 
  people, he having resided with the nation 20 odd years) and to accompany 
  them on 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0067-1804-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th June Wednesday we Set out early passed a verry round bend to L# S# 
  passed two Creeks 1 me# apt# Called Creeks of the round Bend, between 
  those Creeks Stbd S# is a butifull Prarie, in which the antient Missourie 
  Indians had a Village, at this place 300 of them were killed by the 
  Saukees, a fair Day. Passed the antient Missouries villages on right 
  Course N 40° W 21/2 pt# L S#, S 29° W 3 ms# pt# S# S#, this nation once 
  the Most Noumerous is now almost extinct, about 30 of them, liveing with 
  Otteaus on the R# Platt, the remainder all distroyed, took altd# of S# U L 
  with qdt# which gave N 28 W# 11/2 ms to a pt# S# S# Passed some Charming 
  land, I have not Seen any high hils above Charliton and the hits below for 
  Several days Cannot to turmed hills but high Land, not exceeding 100 abov 
  the high water mark N 30° W, to a pt# L# S# 2 ms# passed a verry bad Sand 
  bar, where the boat was nearly turning & fastening in the quick Sand 
  and came too in the mouth of Grand R# S# S# this River is about 120 yards 
  wide and navigable for Purogues a great distance, it heads with the River 
  Dumoine, passing the river Carlton. a Butifull open Prarie Coms to the 
  river below its mouth, we landed and walked to the hills which is abt# 1/2 
  a mile. the Lower prarie over flows. the hunters Killd# a Bare & Dere, 
  this is a butifull place the Prarie rich & extinsive, Took Some Looner 
  Observations which Kept Cap L# & my Self up untill half past 11 
  oClock. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0068-1804-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th June Wednesday, 1804 We Set out early passed a round bend to the S# 
  S# and two Creeks Called the round bend Creeks between those two Creeks 
  and behind a Small willow Island in the bend is a Prarie in which the 
  Missouries Indians once lived and the Spot where 300 of them fell a 
  Sacrifise to the fury of the Saukees This nation (Missouries) once the 
  most noumerous nation in this part of the Continent now reduced to about 
  80 fes# and that fiew under the protection of the Otteaus on R Platt who 
  themselves are declineing passed Som willow Isds# and bad Sand bars, Twook 
  Medn# altitude with Octent back observation it gave for altd# on its Low L 
  36° 58' 0" the E Enstrement 2° 00' 00" +. the Hills or high land for 
  Several days past or above the 2 Charletons does not exceed 100 foot 
  passed a Batteau or Sand roleing where the Boat was nearly turning over by 
  her Strikeing & turning on the Sand. We came too in the Mouth of Grand 
  River on S# S# and Camped for the night, this River is from 80 to 100 
  yards wide at its Mouth and navagable for Perogues a great distance This 
  river heads with the R# Dumoine below its mouth is a butifull Plain of 
  bbttom land the hills rise at 1/2 a mile back 
  = 
  The lands about this place is either Plain or over flown bottom Capt Lewis 
  and my Self walked to the hill from the top of which we had a butifull 
  prospect of Serounding Countrey in the open Prarie we Caught a racoon, our 
  hunters brought in a Bear & Deer we took Some Luner observation this 
  evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0069-1804-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th June, Thursday We set out at 6 oClock after a thick fog proceeded on 
  verry well S# 33 W 2 Ms# to the lower pt of an Isld# S# S# S# 60° W# thro 
  a narrow 1 me channel to a Small prarie S# S# opposit this Isd# on L# L# 
  is a Butifull high Plain. from the Isd# S# 70'W# to a pt# L# S# 21/2 ms# 
  just below a piec of High Land on the S# S# Called the place of Snakes, 
  passed the worst place I have Seen on L# S# a Sand bar makeing out 2/3 
  Cross the river Sand Collecting &c forming Bars and Bars washg a way, 
  the boat Struck and turned, She was near oversetting we saved her by Some 
  extrodany exertions of our party (ever ready to inconture any fatigue for 
  the premotion of the enterpris), I went out to walk on the Sand Beech, 
  & Killed a Deer & Turky during the time I was from the boat a 
  Caussee came too from the Pania nation loaded with furs We gave them Some 
  whiskey and Tobacco & Settled Some desputes & parted S# 5 E# 3 ms# 
  to pt# on S# S# passed a Creek S# S# 25 yds# wd# Called Snake Creek or 
  (¿¿) passed a bad Sand bar S# S# in passing which we were obliged to run 
  great Sesque of Loseing both Boat & men, Camped above, G# Drewyer tels 
  of a remarkable Snake inhabiting a Small lake 5 ms# below which gobbles 
  like a Turkey & may be herd Several miles, This Snake is of Size. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0070-1804-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th, June Thursday we Set out at 6 oClock, after a thick fog passed thro 
  a narrow pass on the S# S# which forms a large Isd# opposit the upper 
  point of this Island on the L# S# is one of the worst quick or moveing 
  Sand bars which I have Seen not withstanding all our precaustons to Clear 
  the Sands & pass between them (which was the way we were Compd# to 
  pass from the immens Current & falling banks on the S# S#) the Boat 
  Struck the point of one from the active exertions of the men, prevented 
  her turning, if She had turned She must have overset. we met a Causseu 
  from the Pania on the River Platt, we detained 2 hours with a view of 
  engageing one of the hands to go to the Pania nation with a View to get 
  those people to meet us on the river. I went out (Shot a Deer) we passd a 
  highland &clay bluff on the S# S# Called the Snake bluff from the 
  number of Snakes about this place, we passd a Creek above the Bluff about 
  18 yds# wide, This Creek is Called Snake Creek, a bad Sand bar Just below 
  which we found difficuelty in passing & Campd above, our Hunters Came 
  in. George Drewyer, gives the following act# of a Pond, & at abt# 5 
  miles below the S# S# Passed a Small Lake in which there was many Deer 
  feeding he heard in this Pond a Snake makeing Goubleing Noises like a 
  turkey. he fired his gun & the noise was increased, he has heard the 
  indians Mention This Species of Snake one Frenchman give a Similar account 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0071-1804-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15 June Friday 1804, we Set out early proceeded on about 1 me# and the 
  Boat turned on a Sawyer which was near doeing her great damage, the river 
  is riseing fast & the water exceedingly Swift, passd# a bad Sand bar 
  on which we Stuck for a Short time this is Said to be the worst part of 
  the river and Camped opsd# the bend in which the Antient Villages of the 
  little Osarge & Missouries, the lower or first of those villagies (L# 
  Osages) is Situated in Butifull Plain at the foot of Some riseing land, in 
  front of their Viliges next the river is a butifull bottom Plain in which 
  they raised their Corn &c# back of the Village the high Prarie extends 
  back to the Osarge River, about 3 Ms# above & in view the Missouries 
  Nation resided under the protection of the Osarges, after their nation was 
  riducd by the Saukees below, thos built their Village in the Same low 
  Prarie and lived there many years, the war was So hot & both nations 
  becom So reduced that the Little Osage & a fiew of the Missoures moved 
  & built a village 5 ms near the Grand Osage, the rest of the Missoures 
  went and took protection under the Otteaus on Platt river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0072-1804-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th, June, Friday 1804 Set out early and had not proceeded far e'er we 
  wheeled on a Sawyer which was near injuring us Verry much, passed a plain 
  on the L# S# a Small Isd# in the midle the river riseing, water verry 
  Swift Passed a Creek on the L# S# passed between two Islands, a verry bad 
  place, Moveing Sands, we were nearly being Swallowed up by the roleing 
  Sands over which the Current was So Strong that we Could not Stem it with 
  our Sales under a Stiff breese in addition to our ores, we were Compelled 
  to pass under a bank which was falling in, and use the Toe rope 
  occasionally, Continued up pass two other Small Islands and Camped on the 
  S# S# Nearly opposit the Antient Village of the Little Osarges and below 
  the Antt# Village of the Missoures both Situations in view an within three 
  Ms# of each other, the Osage were Settled at the foot a hill in a butifell 
  Plain which extends back quite to the Osage River, in front of the Vilg# 
  Next to the river is an ellegent bottom Plain which extends Several miles 
  in length on the river in this low Prarie the Missouries lived after They 
  were reduced by the Saukees at Their Town Some Dists# below. The little 
  osage finding themselves much oppressed by the Saukees & other 
  nations, left this place & built a village 5 ms# from the Grand Osarge 
  Town about  ¿¿  years ago. a few of the Missoures accompanied them, the 
  remainder of that nation went to the Otteaus on the River Platt. The River 
  at this place is about 1 ms# wide our hunters did not Come in this evening 
  the river beginning to fall 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0073-1804-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th June Satterday Set out at 7 oClock Proceed on N# 68°W# 21/2 ms# 
  passed a Isd# close on the S# S# at the lower point Drewer & Willard 
  had camped & had with them 2 bear & 2 Deer we took in the meat 
  & proceeded on. Some rain this morning West 2 Ms# pass an Isd on S# S# 
  & prarie, to a Belge of Snag Isd# L# S# a butifull extensive Prarie on 
  S# S# Hills to about 9 ms# distant. Mr# Mackey has Laid down the rems# of 
  an old fort in this Prarie, which I cannot find S 85 W# 1 me# along the 
  Isd# L# S# ¬ S 61° W alg L# S# 1 me# S 30° W, 3, ms# to pt# S# S# 
  opsd# an Isd# & head of the last S 40° W 1 me# S# S# Passed a verry 
  bad place where the Sand was moving constantly, I walked on Shore obsd# 
  fine high Bottom land on S# S# Camped late this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0074-1804-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th, June Satturday 1804 Set out at 7 oClock at about a mile 1/2 we Came 
  to the Camp of our hunters, they had two Bear & two Deer proceeded on 
  pass a Island on the S# S# a heavy rain came on & lasted a Short time, 
  we came to on the S# S# in a Prarie at the place where Mr# Mackey lay down 
  a old french fort, I could See no traces of a Settlement of any Kind, in 
  this plain I discovered a Kind of Grass resembling Timothey which appeared 
  well calculated for Hay, this Plain is verry extensive in the evening I 
  walked on the S# S# to see if any timber was Convt# to make Oars, which we 
  were much in want of, I found Som indifferent timber and Struck the river 
  above the Boat at a bad Sand bar the worst I had Seen which the boat must 
  pass or Drop back Several Miles & Stem a Swift Current on the opsd 
  Side of an Isd# the Boat however assended the middle of the Streem which 
  was diffucult Dangerious We Came to above this place at Dark and Camped in 
  a bad place, the misquitoes and Ticks are noumerous & bad. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0075-1804-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 17 1804 Rope walk Camp The Current of the River at this place is a 
  Stick will float 48 poles 6 feet in the rapidest part in 23 Seconds, 
  further out is 34, Still further 65 ¬ 74 ¬ 78 & 82 are the 
  Trials we have made. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0076-1804-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 17 Sunday 1804 Cloudy Wind, S# E# Set out early S# 65° W 1 Me# Came 
  too to Make ores, and a Cord for a Toe Rope all this day imployed in 
  getting out Ores, & makeing for the use of the Boat out of a large 
  Cable rope which we have, G Drewyer Came up a Bear & 2 Deer, also a 
  fine horse which he found in the woods, Supposed to have been left by Some 
  war party from the osages, The Ticks are numerous and large and have been 
  trousom all the way and the Musquetors are beginning to be verry 
  troublesome, my Cold Continues verry bad the French higherlins Complain 
  for the want of Provisions, Saying they are accustomed to eat 5 & 6 
  times a day, they are roughly rebuked for their presumption, the Country 
  about abounds in Bear Deer & Elk and the S# S# the lands are well 
  timbered and rich for 2 ms# to a butifull Prarie which risies into hills 
  At 8 or 9 ms# back ¬ on the L# S a Prarie coms# on the bank which is 
  high and contines back rich & well watered as far 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0077-1804-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 17th Sunday 1804 (S# 65°W# me# S# Side) Cloudy morning wind from the 
  S# E# we Set out early and proceeded on one mile & came too to make 
  oars, & repair our Cable & toe rope &c# &c# which was 
  necessary for the Boat & Perogues, Sent out Sjt# Pryor and Some men to 
  get ash timber for ores, and Set Some men to make a Toe Rope out of the 
  Cords of a Cable which had been provided by Capt Lewis at Pitts burg for 
  the Cable of the boat ¬ George Drewyer our hunter and one man came in 
  with 2 Deer & a Bear, also a young Horse, they had found in the 
  Prarie, this horse has been in the Prarie a long time and is fat, I 
  suppose he has been left by Some war party against the Osage, This is a 
  Crossing place for the war partis against that nation from the Saukees, 
  Aiaouez, & Souix. The party is much aflicted with Boils and Several 
  have the Decissentary, which I contribute to the water 
  = 
  The Countrey about this place is butifull on the river rich & well 
  timbered on the S# S# about two miles back a Prarie coms# which is rich 
  and interspursud with groves of timber, the County rises at 7 or 8 miles 
  Still further back and is roleing ¬ on the L# S# the high lands & 
  Prarie Corns# in the bank of the river and Continus back, well watered and 
  abounds in Der Elk & Bear The Ticks & Musquetors are verry 
  troublesom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0078-1804-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 18th Monday Some raind last night, Sent out 6 Hunters to day across 
  the R# they Killed 5 Deer & Colter a Bear verry fat we continue to 
  repare our ropes & make oars all day, heavy rain all the fore pt# of 
  the day, the party Drying meat & greesing themselves, Several men with 
  the Disentary, and two thirds of them with ulsers or Boils, Some with 8 or 
  10 of those Turners Mesquetors verry bad we finish our Cords & oars 
  this evening Men in Spirits 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0079-1804-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 18th Monday Some rain last night, and Some hard Showers this morning 
  which delay our work verry much, Send out Six hunters in the Prarie on the 
  L S# they kill 5 Deer & Coltr a Bear, which verry large & fat, the 
  party to wok at the oars, make rope, & jurk their meat all Day Dry our 
  wet Sales &c# in the evening, The misquiter verry bad 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0080-1804-06-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 19th Tuesday rain last night after fixing the new Oars and makeing 
  all necessary arrangements, we Set out under a jentle breese from the S# 
  E# and proceeded on passed two large Islands on the S# S# leaving J# 
  Shields and one man to go by land with the horses Some verry hard water, 
  passed Several Islands & Sand bars to day at the head of one we were 
  obliged to cleare away Driftwood to pass, passed a Creek on the L# Side 
  Called Tabboe 15 yds# wide passed a large Creek at the head of an Island 
  Called Tiger River on the S# S# The Island below this Isd# is large and 
  Called the Isle Of Panters, formed on the S# S# by a narrow Channel, I 
  observed on the Shore Goose & Rasp berries in abundance in passing 
  Some hard water round a Point of rocks on the L# S# we were obliged to 
  take out the roape & Draw up the Boat for 1/2 a mile, we Came too on 
  the L# S# near a Lake of the Sircumfrance of Several miles Situated on the 
  L# S# about two miles from the river this Lake is Said to abound in all 
  kinds of fowls, great quanties of Deer frequent this Lake dureing Summer 
  Season, and feed on the hows &c# &c# they find on the edgers the 
  Lands on the North Side of the river is rich and Sufficiently high to 
  afford Settlements, the Lds# on the South Side assends Gradually from the 
  river not So rich, but of a good quallity and appear well watered 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0081-1804-06-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 20th, Wednesday Set out after a heavy Shower of rain and proceeded on 
  the Same Course of last night passed a large butifull Prarie on the S# S# 
  opposit a large Island, Calld Saukee Prarie, a gentle breese from the S# 
  W# Some butiful high lands on the L# S# passed Som verry Swift water to 
  day, I saw Pelicans to day on a Sand bar, my servant York nearly loseing 
  an eye by a man throwing Sand into it, we came too at the lower Point of a 
  Small Island, the party on Shore we have not Seen Since we passed Tiger R ¬ The 
  Land appeard verry good on each Side of the River to day and well 
  timbered, we took Some Loner observations, which detained us untill 1 
  oClock a butifull night but the air exceedingly Damp, & the mosquiters 
  verry troublesom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0082-1804-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st June Thursday 1804 river raised 3 Inches last night after our bow man 
  Peter Crousat a half Mahar Indian examined round this Small Isd# for the 
  best water, we Set out determined to assd# on the North Side, and 
  Sometimes rowing Poleing & Drawing up with a Strong Rope we assended 
  without wheeling or receving any damige more than breakeing one of my S# 
  Windows, and looseing Some oars which were Swong under the windows 
  = 
  Two men Sent out to hunt this afternoon Came in with a Deer, at Sun Set 
  The ellement had every appearance of wind, The hunters inform me that the 
  high Countrey on the S# S# is of a good quallity, and well timbd# The High 
  lands on the L# Side is equally good The bottom land on this river is 
  alike, 1st low and covd# with Cotton wood & willows Subject to over 
  flow the 2nd is higher groth Cotton Walnut ash Mulberry Linn & 
  Sycomore 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0083-1804-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st June Thursday The river rose 3 Inches last night after the Bows man 
  Peter Crousat viewed The water on each Side of the Island which presented 
  a most unfavourable prospect of Swift water over roleing Sands which rored 
  like an immence falls, we Concluded to assend on the right Side, and with 
  much dificuilty, with the assistance of a long Cord or Tow rope, & the 
  anchor we got the Boat up with out any furthr dang# than Bracking a Cabbin 
  window & loseing Some oars which were Swong under the windows, passed 
  four Isds to day two large & two Small, behind the first large Island 
  two Creeks mouth Called (1) Eue~bert Creek & River & Isd# the 
  upper of those Creeks head against the Mine River & is large, passed a 
  verry remarkable bend in the River to the S# forming an accute angle, the 
  high lands come to the river on the S# S# opposit the upper large Island, 
  this Isd# is formed by a narrow chanel thro# the Pt# of the remarkable 
  bend just mentiond below this Isd# on the L# S# is a Couenter Current of 
  about a mile ¬ passed between Several Small Islands Situated near the 
  L# Side and camped above on the Same Side, Two men Sent out to hunt this 
  evening brought in a Buck & a pore Turkey. 
  = 
  at Sun Set the atmespier presented every appearance of wind, Blue & 
  white Streeks Centering at the Sun as She disappeared and the Clouds 
  Situated to the S# W, Guilded in the most butifull manner. The Countrey 
  and Lands on each Side of the river is various as usial and may be classed 
  as follows. viz: the low or over flown points or bottom land, of the groth 
  of Cotton & Willow, the 2nd or high bottom of rich furtile Soils of 
  the groth of Cotton, Walnut, Som ash, Hack berry, Mulberry, Lynn & 
  Sycamore. the third or high Lands risees gradually from the 2nd bottom 
  (cauht whin it Coms to the river then from the river) about 80 or 100 foot 
  roleing back Supplied with water the Small runs of (which losees 
  themselves in the bottom land) and are covered with a variety of timber 
  Such as Oake of different Kinds Blue ash, walnut &c# &c# as far as 
  the Praries, which I am informed lie back from the river at some places 
  near & others a great Distance 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0084-1804-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd June Friday after a Violent gust of wind accompanied with rain from 
  the West, which commenced at Day brake, and lasted about one hour, we Set 
  out under a gentle Breeze from the N W# and proceeded on S# 14°W# 21/2 ms# 
  to pt# on L# S# Ord Killed a goose, S 25 W 3 Ms# to a pt# on S# S# psd# 
  Snags and Swift water on the S# S# ¬ S# 66° W# 1/2 a me# on S pt# N 60 
  W 41/2 me# to pt# L# S# passed a large Isd# on the S# S# (Ferenthiers 
  Thermometr at 3 oClock P#M# 87 d which is 11 d above Summr heat) and one 
  on the L# S# opposit against which there is a handsom Prarie of high 
  Bottom & up Land, Capt Lewis went out in this Prarie & walked 
  Several miles, Come to opposit the mouth of a large Creek on the S# S# 
  Called River of the Fire Prarie at the mouth of this creek the party on 
  Shore Shields & Collins was camped waiting for our arrival & 
  inform that they Pass'd thro Some fine Lands, and well watered G D# Killed 
  a fine Bear to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0085-1804-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd June Friday river rose 4 Inchs last night. I was waken'd before day 
  light this morning by the guard prepareing the boat to receve an apparent 
  Storm which threttened violence from the West at day light a violent wind 
  accompanied with rain cam from the W# and lasted about one hour, it 
  Cleared away, and we Set out and proceeded on under a gentle breeze from 
  the N# W# passed Some verry Swift water Crouded with Snags, pass two large 
  Island opposit each other, and immediately opposit a large & extensive 
  Prarie on the Labd Side, This Prarie is butifull a high bottom for 11/2 a 
  mile back and risees to the Common leavel of the Countrey about 70 or 80 
  feet and extends back out of view. Capt# L walked on Shore a few miles 
  this after noon (at 3 oClock P M# Ferents Thermometer Stood at 87°: = to 
  11 d above Summer heat) we came to on the L# Side opposit the mouth of a 
  large Creek Called the River of the Fire Prarie, at the mouth of this 
  Creek the Party on Shore were waiting our arrival, they informed that the 
  Lands thro which they passed was fine & well watered 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0086-1804-06-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd June Satturday Some wind this morning from the N W# Set out at 7 oC 
  Proceeded on N# 70 d# W 2 Ms# to an Isd# Close on the S# S# I went on 
  Shore & walked up thro a rich bottom for about Six miles, Killed a 
  Deer & much fatigued N# 75 E# to a point in a bend L# S# 11/2 the 
  river fell 8 Inches last night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0087-1804-06-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd June Satturday Some wind this morning from the N# W# we Set out at 7 
  oClock, and proceeded on to the head of a Island on the S# S# the wind 
  blew hard and down the river which prevented the Pty moveing from this 
  Island the whole day, Cap# Lewis had the arms examined &c# at the 
  lower end of this Island I got out of the boat to walk on Shore, & 
  expected the party on Shore would overtake me at the head of the Island, 
  they did not & I proceeded on round a round and extensive bend in the 
  river, I Killed a Deer & made a fire expecting the boat would Come up 
  in the evening. the wind continueing to blow prevented their moveing, as 
  the distance by land was too great for me to return by night I concluded 
  to Camp, Peeled Some bark to lay on, and geathered wood to make fires to 
  Keep off the musquitor & Knats. Heard the party on Shore fire, at Dark 
  Drewyer came to me with the horses, one fat bear & a Deer, river fell 
  8 Inches last night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0088-1804-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis and Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1804 
@section 3 {txlc}
  Sunday June 24th set out at 1/2 after six continuing the course on the 
  Lard# side N# 80 E 1/4 of a mile to point Lard# N# 551/4 of a mile to 
  point Lard# Due west to a point Stard 3 miles good water 
  = 
   (I joined the Boat theis morning with a fat Bear & two Deer, last 
  evining I Struck the river about 6 miles (by land) abov the Boat, and 
  finding it too late to get to the Boat, and the wind blowing So hard Down 
  the river that She could not assend, I concluded to Camp, altho I had 
  nothing but my hunting Dress, & the Musquitors Ticks & Knats verry 
  troublesom, I concid to hunt on a Willow Isd# Situated close under the 
  Shore, in Crossing from an Island, I got mired, and was obliged to Craul 
  oat, a disegreeable Situation & a Diverting one of any one who Could 
  have Seen me after I got out, all Covered with mud, I went my Camp & 
  Craped off the Mud and washed my Clothes, and fired off my gun which was 
  answered by George Drewyer who was in persute of me & came up at Dark 
  we feasted of meet & water the latter we made great use of being much 
  fatigued & thirsty ¬ The meet which hung up near the water a large 
  Snake made Several attempts to get to it and was so Detirmined that I 
  Killed him in his attempt, the Snake appeared to make to that part of the 
  meet which Contained the milk of a Doe, On this part of the River I 
  observe great quantites of Bear Sign, they are after Mulbiries which are 
  in great quantities) 
  = 
  N 85 d W# 41/2 ms# to a pt# on L Side, Came to above the mouth of a Creek 
  on the L# S# abt# 20 yds# Wide Called Hay Cabbin Creek Latd# of this place 
  is 38° 37'5" North ¬ Capt# Lewis took Sergt# Floyd and walked on 
  Shore, George Drewyer Killed 2 Deer R Fields Killed a Deer dureing the 
  time we wer Jurking the meet I brought in, West 1/2 ml# along the L# S# 
  = 
  S 21° W# 3 ms# to a pt# on the S# S# pass 2 Creek on the S# S# just above 
  Some rocks Some distance from Shore 1 of These Creek is Called 
  Sharriton~Cartie, a Prarie on the L# S# near the river. Capt Lewis Killed 
  a Deer, & Collins 3. emince number of Deer on both Sides of the river, 
  we pass between two Sand bars at head of which we had to raise the boat 8 
  Inch to get her over, Camped at the Lower point of a Isd# on the L S# the 
  Party in high Spirits. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0089-1804-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th, June Sunday Set out at half after Six. I joined the boat this morng 
  at 8 oClock (I will only remark that dureing the time I lay on the band 
  waiting for the boat, a large Snake Swam to the bank imediately under the 
  Deer which was hanging over the water, and no great distance from it, I 
  threw chunks and drove this Snake off Several times. I found that he was 
  So determined on getting to the meet I was Compelld to Kill him, the part 
  of the Deer which attracted this Snake I think was the milk from the bag 
  of the Doe.) I observed great quts# of Bear Signs, where they had passed 
  in all Directions thro the bottoms in Serch of Mulberries, which were in 
  great numbers in all the bottoms thro which our party passed.) 
  = 
  Passed the mouth of a Creek 20 yds# wide name Hay Cabbin Creek from camps 
  of Straw built on it came to about 1/2 me# above this Creek & jurked, 
  the meet killed yesterday and this morning Lattitude of this place 38° 37' 
  5" N# Capt# Lewis walked on Shore & Killed a Deer, pass a bad part of 
  the river, on the S# S# the rocks projected into the river Some distance, 
  a Creek above Called Sharston Carta, in the evening we Passed thro betwen 
  two Sand bars at the head we had to raise the Boat 8 Inches together over, 
  Camped near the lower point of an Island on the L# Side, party in high 
  Spirrits. The Countrey on each Side of the river is fine interspersed with 
  Praries, in which imence herds of Deer is Seen, on the banks of the river 
  we observe numbers of Deer watering and feeding on the young willow, 
  Several Killed to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0090-1804-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday June 25th a heavy fog Detaind us about an hour Set out passed the 
  Isd on a course from the last point S 49° W, 3 Ms to a point on the S# S# 
  S 55° W 1/2 Me# S# S# a Coal~Bank on the opposit or L# S Side, this bank 
  appears to Contain great quantity of excellente CoaL the wind from the N# 
  W a Small Creek Called Coal or (Chabonea)3 N 50° W to the Pt, L# S# 31/2 
  Miles Hard water & logs, Bank falling in, Passed a Small Creek L# S# 
  Called Labeenie a Prarie is Situated on the S# S# a Short Distance from 
  the river, which contains great quantities of wild apples of the Size of 
  the Common apple, the French Say is well flavered when ripe, which is the 
  time the leaves begin to fall N 70°W 1/2 me# along the right Side of a 
  Willow Isd# Situated on the L# Side S# 80° W 1/2 me# L# S# S 55° W# 1/2 
  me# to Pt# of Smal Isd# L# S# S 15° W 1/2 me# L# S# ¬ S# 2° E 2 me# pt 
  on Lbd S# (here I will only remark that the Deer in the Morning & 
  evening are feeding in great numbers on the banks of the River, they feed 
  on young willow, and amuse themselves running on the open beeches or 
  points) We have hard water this afternoon round the heads of Small Islds# 
  on the L# Side below a Small High Prarie S# 48° W# 2 Ms# pt# S# S# passd# 
  a small Isd# on which we Camped The party on Shore did not join us to day, 
  or have we Seen or her of them river falling fast about 8 Inches in 24 
  hours, the Hills on the L# S# this evening higher than usial about 160 or 
  180 feet. the lands appear of a Simalier to those passed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0091-1804-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th, June Monday a thick fog detained us untile 8 oClock, passed a 
  Island, at 3 miles passed a Coal~mine, or Bank of Stone Coal, on the South 
  Side, this bank appears to Contain great quantity of fine Coal, the river 
  being high prevented our Seeeing that contained in the Cliffs of the best 
  quallity, a Small Creek mouth's below This bank Call'd after the bank 
  Chabonea Creek the Wind from the N# W# passed a Small Creek on the L# Side 
  at 12 oClock, Called Bennet's Creek The Praries Come within a Short 
  distance of the river on each Side which Contains in addition to Plumbs 
  Raspberries & vast quantities of wild apples, great numbs# of Deer are 
  seen feeding on the young willows & earbage in the Banks and on the 
  Sand bars in the river. our party on Shores did not join us this evening 
  we Camped on an Island Situated on the S# Side, opposit some hills higher 
  than Common, Say 160 or 180 feet above the Bottom. The river is Still 
  falling last night it fell 8 Inches 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0092-1804-06-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 26th Tuesday 1804 we Set out early, the river falling a little, the 
  wind from the S# W# Passed the mouth of a Small river on the L# Side above 
  the upper point of a Small Island, Called Blue water river, this river 
  heads in Praries back with the Mine River about 30 yds# wide Lattitude of 
  a pt# 4 ms# above this river is 38° 32' 15" North, the high lands which is 
  on the Northe Side does not exceed 80 feet high, at this Place the river 
  appears to be Confd# in a verry narrow Channel, and the Current Still more 
  So by Couenter Current or Whirl on one Side & high bank on the other, 
  passed a Small Isd# in the bend to the L# Side we Killed a large rattle 
  Snake, Sunning himself in the bank passed a bad Sand bar, where our tow 
  rope broke twice, & with great exertions we rowed round it and Came to 
  & Camped in the Point above the Kansas River lobserved a great number 
  of Parrot queets this evening, our Party Killed Several 7 Deer to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0093-1804-06-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  June 27th, Wednesday a fair warm morning, the river rose a little last 
  night. we determin to delay at this Place three or four Days to make 
  observations & recruit the party Several men out Hunting, unloaded one 
  Perogue, and turned her up to Dry with a view of repairing her after 
  Completeing a Strong redoubt or brest work frome one river to the other, 
  of logs & Bushes Six feet high, The Countrey about the mouth of this 
  river is verry fine on each Side as well as the North of the Missouries 
  the bottom, in the Point is low, & overflown for 250 yards. it rises a 
  little above high water mark and Continus up that hight of good quallity 
  back to the hills  ¿¿  A high Clift, on the upper Side of the Kansis 1/2 a 
  mile up below the Kanses the hills is about 11/2 miles from the point on 
  the North Side of the Missouries the Hill or high lands is Several miles 
  back, we compareed the instrmts Took equal altitudes, and the Meridian 
  altituade of the Suns L L to day Lattitude 38° 31' 13" Longitude  ¿¿ 
  Measured The width of the Kansas River by an angle and made it 230 yds 1/4 
  wide, it is wider above the mouth the Missouries at this place is about 
  500 yards wide, The Course from the Point down the midle# of the Missourie 
  is S# 32° E, & turns to the North. up is N 21°W# up the right side of 
  the Kansas is S# 54° E, & the river turns to the left, Several Deer 
  Killed to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0094-1804-06-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28 June Thursday took equal altitudes &c# &c# &c# & 
  varaitian of the Compass repaired the Perogue Cleaned out the Boat Suned 
  our Powder wollen articles examined every thing 8 or 10 huntrs# out to day 
  in different direction, in examineing our private Store of Provisions we 
  found Several articles Spoiled from the wet or dampness they had received, 
  a verry warm Day, the wind from the South, The river Missourie has raised 
  yesterday last night & to day about 2 foot. this evening it is on a 
  Stand, Capt# Lewis weighed the water of the Two rivers The Missouris 78° 
  The Kansais 72° To Describe the most probable of the various accounts of 
  this great river of the Kansas, would be too lengthy & uncertain to 
  insert here, it heads with the river Del Norid in the black Mountain or 
  ridge which Divides the waters of the Kansas Del Nord, & Callarado 
  & oppsoitly from those of the Missoureis (and not well assertaind) 
  This River recves its name from a nation which dwells at this time on its 
  banks & 2 villages one about 20 Leagues & the other 40 Leagues up, 
  those Indians are not verry noumerous at this time, reduced by war with 
  their neighbours, &c# they formerly liveid on the South banks of the 
  Missouries 24 Leagues above this river in a open & butifull plain and 
  were verry noumerous at the time the french first Settled the Illinois, I 
  am told they are a fierce & warlike people, being badly Supplied with 
  fire arms, become easily conquered by the Aiauway & Saukees who are 
  better furnished with those materials of war, This nation is now out in 
  the plains hunting the Buffalow our hunters Killed Several Deer and Saw 
  Buffalow, men impd Dressing Skins & makeing themselves Comfortable, 
  the high lands Coms to the river Kanses on the upper Side at about a mile, 
  full in view, and a butifull place for a fort, good landing place, the 
  waters of the Kansas is verry disigreeably tasted to me. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0095-1804-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th of June 1804, Set out from the Kansas river 1/2 past 4 oClock, 
  proceeded on passed a Small run on the L# S# at 1/2 Mile a (1) Island on 
  the S# S# at 11/2 me# Hills above the upr# pt of Isd# L# S# a large Sand 
  bar in the middle. Passed a verry bad place of water, the Sturn of the 
  Boat Struck a moveing Sand & turned within 6 Inches of a large Sawyer, 
  if the Boat had Struck the Sawyer, her Bow must have been Knocked off 
  & in Course She must hav Sunk in the Deep water below Came to & 
  camped on the S# S# late in the eveninge. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0096-1804-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th June Friday obsvd# the distance of (D &)),took Equal & 
  maridinal altd# and after makeing Some arrangements, and inflicting a 
  little punishment to two men we Set out at 1/2 past 4 oClock and proceeded 
  on (i) passed a large Island on the S# Side, opposit a large Sand bar, 
  the Boat turned and was within Six Inches of Strikeing the rapidity with 
  which the Boat turned was so great that if her bow had Struck the Snag, 
  She must have either turned over or the bow nocked off S W wind 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0097-1804-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Camp mouth of the Kanseis June 29th 1804. Ordered a Court martial will Set 
  this day at 11 oClock, to Consist of five members, for the trial of John 
  Collins and Hugh Hall, Confined on Charges exhibited against them by 
  Sergeant Floyd, agreeable to the articles of War. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Detail for the Court 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Sergt Nat# Pryor presd# 
  = 
  mbs: 2 John Colter 3 John Newmon 4 Pat# Gass 1 J# B# Thompson 
  = 
  John Potts to act as judge advocate. 
  = 
  The Court Convened agreeable to order and proceeded to the trial of the 
  Prisoners Viz John Collins Charged "with getting drunk on his post this 
  morning out of whiskey put under his Charge as a Sentinal and for 
  Suffering Hugh Hall to draw whiskey out of the Said Barrel intended for 
  the party" 
  = 
  To this Charge the prisoner plead not guilty. 
  = 
  The Court after mature deliveration on the evidence abduced &c# are of 
  oppinion that the prisoner is Guilty of the Charge exibited against him, 
  and do therefore Sentence him to recive one hundred Lashes on his bear 
  Back. 
  = 
  Hugh Hall was brought with "takeing whiskey out of a Keg this morning 
  which whiskey was Stored on the Bank (and under the Charge of the guard) 
  Contrary to all order, rule, or regulation" 
  = 
  To this Charge the prisoner "Pleades Guilty." 
  = 
  The Court find the prisoner guilty and Sentence him to receive fifty 
  Lashes on his bear Back. 
  = 
  The Commanding Officers approve of the Sentence of the Court and orders 
  that the Punishment take place at half past three this evening, at which 
  time the party will Parrade for inspection ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0098-1804-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  at the Mouth of the River Kansies June 26" 27" 28 & 29th ¬  This river 
  is 366 miles above the mouth of Missouri it is in Lattitude 38° 31' 13" 
  North 
  = 
  it is 230 yds# wide at its mouth & wider above from the point up the 
  Missourie for about 3 ms# N# 21° W, Down the Middle of the Missourie is S# 
  32° E, up the upper bank of the Kansais, is S# 54° E the river turns to 
  the East above a pt# of high land, well Situated for a fort & in view 
  of the Missouris one mile up & on the upper Side, the width of the 
  Missouris at this place is about 500 yds# 
  = 
  Missourie Water weighs 78. The Kanseis weghs 72 river Miss raised in the 
  time at the Kanseis 2 foot and begun to fall. 
  = 
  The wood land on each side of the Mouth of this river is extensive and of 
  a good quallity as far as our hunters was back, but badly watered with 
  Springs, only two being Seen by them 
  = 
  Some punishment of two men Hall & Collins for takeing whiskey out of 
  the Barrel last night agreeable to the Sentences of a Court Mtl of the 
  party who we have always found verry ready to punish Such Crimes 
  = 
  Many Deer Killed to day 
  = 
  Allarm post or order of Battle arms to be Situated & the Duty &c# 
  Messes of men under a Serjiant who is to detail for every day one man of 
  his Squad to Cook &c# who Shall have the management of the provisions 
  dureing that day or issue, each Days rations must be divided &c# &c 
  Order of encampment, Tents, fires & Duty 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0099-1804-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th June, Set out verry early this Morng Saw a verry large wolf on the 
  Sand bar this morning walking near a gange of Turkeys (1) at 10 miles 
  above the Kansis passed the mouth of a Small River Call the (Petite Plate) 
  or the little Shole river, this river is about 70 yds# Wide and has 
  Several rapids & falls, well Calculatd for mills, the land on this 
  river is Said to be Roaling, Killed 2 Deer Bucks Swinging the river the 
  wind from the S# W# here we opened the Bag of Bread given us by which we 
  found verry good, our Bacon which was given us by we examined and found 
  Sound and good Some of that purchased in the Illinois Spoiled, a relish of 
  this old bacon this morning was verry agreeable, Deer to be Seen in every 
  direction and their tracks ar as plenty as Hogs about a farm, our hunts# 
  Killed 9 Deer to day the land below the last river is good, that above, 
  between the two rivers which is near together is Slaik'y and bad on the N# 
  Side, the other Side is good land, Landed on the L# S# below an Isd called 
  Dimond Island 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0100-1804-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th June Satturday 1804 Set out verry early this morning, a verry large 
  wolf Came to the bank and looked at us this morning, passd the (1) mouth 
  of a Small river 10 ms# above the Kanseis Called by the french Petite 
  River Platte (or Shoal river) from the number of falls in it, this river 
  is about 60 yards wide at its mouth and runs Parrilel with the Missouries 
  for ten or twelve miles, I am told that the lands on this Small river is 
  good, and on its Several falls well Calculated for mills, the wind from S# 
  W# came to at 12 oClock & rested three hours, the ¿¿ being hot the men 
  becom verry feeble, Farnsts# Thermometer at 3 oClock Stood at 96° above 0, 
  emence numbs# of Deer on the banks, Skipping in every derection, the party 
  Killed nine Bucks on the river & Bank to day, The Countrey on the S# 
  S# between the Shoal River & Missouris is indifferent Subject to 
  overflow, that below and on the L# S# is high & appers well timbered, 
  Camped on the L# S# opsd# the Lower point of a Isd# Called diamond Island, 
  Broke our mast 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0101-1804-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 1st 1804, last night one of the Sentinals Chang'd either a man or 
  Beast, which run off, all prepared for action, Set out early passed the 
  Dimond Isd# pass a Small Creek on the L# S# as this Creek is without name 
  we Call it Biscuit Creek Brackfast on the upper point of a Sand beech, The 
  river still falling a little a verry warm Day. I took Some medison last 
  night which has worked me very much party all in helth except Boils ¬  
  = 
  passed a Sand bar in the river above the Isd# Covered for a me# with Drift 
  Wood, Came to Capt Lewis took Medn# altitude & we delayed three hours, 
  the day being excessively hot, Turkeys are plenty on the Shore, G# Drewyer 
  inform that he Saw PueCanns Trees on S# S# yesterday great quantities of 
  raspburies an Grapes, (2) pass a Creek on the L# S# called remore (Tree 
  Frog) Creek, an Isd above in the Mid# and 2 Willow Isds on the S# S# all 
  of the Same name; The two Willow Isds# has been made within 3 years & 
  the Main Chant# runs now on the L S# of the large Island where there was 
  no runing water at low water from this Island the range of Hills up the 
  river to the N, W, pass a run on the L# S# a Butifull extensive Prarie, 
  Two Islands just above Called (Isles des Parques) or Field Islands, those 
  Islands are, one of our French hands tels me that the French intended to 
  Settle here once & brought their Cows and put them on those Islands, 
  Mr Mackey Says the first village of the Kanseis was a little above this 
  Island & made use of as fields, no trace of anything of that Kind 
  remains to be Seen on the Isds# fine Land on the L# Side, Hills near the 
  river all day, Camped on the lower pot# of 1st Isd# ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0102-1804-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 1st, Sunday 1804 a Small allarm last night all prepared for action, 
  Set out early this morning passed on the North Side of Dimond Island, a 
  Small Creek mouths opposit I call Biscuit Creek, ¬ a large Sand bar in 
  the middle of the river 11/2 ms# above the Isd# Covered with Drift wood. 
  river fall a little. The wind from S# W# Came to above this Drift and 
  delayed three hours to refresh the men who were verry much over powered 
  with the heat, Great quantity of Grapes & raspberries, (2) passed a 
  Small Creek on the L# S# below one large and two small Islands. This Creek 
  and Isds# are Called Remore (or Tree Frog) a large Pond on the S# S#, the 
  main Current of Water run'g on the L# S# of the Island, I am told that 
  Three years ago the main Current run on the S# S# of the Island and no 
  appearance of the two Smaller Islands, Camped on the lower point of one of 
  the two large & 2 Small Isds# Called Isles des Parques or field Islds 
  a high butifull Prarie on the L# S# one of the french hands Says "that the 
  french Kept their Cattle & horses on those Islands at the time they 
  had in this quarter a fort & trading establishment." 
  = 
  paecaun Trees Seen on the S# S# Deer and turkeys in great quantities on 
  the bank 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0103-1804-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 2nd 1804 Set out verry early this morning passd on the Left of 
  the Isles des parques High butifull Situation ¬ on the L S# the land 
  indifferent lands a Creek coms in on the S# S# Called parques, all at once 
  the river became Crowded with drift that it was dangerous to cross this I 
  Suppose was from the caveing in of the banks at the head of Some Island 
  above, (3) passed a Creek on the L# S# called Turquie or Turkey Creek 
  passed a verry bad Sand bar on the L# S# the 20 Oars & Poals could 
  with much dificuelty Stem the Current, passed a large Island on the S# S# 
  Called by the Inds# Wau~car~ba war~con~da or the Bear Medison Island, at 
  12 oClock came to on the Island and put in a mast, detained four hours, 
  exceedingly hot, wind in forepart of the day from the S# E, George Drewyer 
  informs that the Lands he pass through yesterday & to day on the S# S# 
  was generally Verry fine he Saw two Springs of fresh water near the 
  Island, Deer Sign has become So Common it is hardly necessary to mention 
  them, we Camped after dark on the S# S# opposit the 1st old Village of the 
  Kanzas which was Situated in a Valley between two points of high land, on 
  the river back of their village commenced an extensive Prarie a large 
  Island in front which appears to have made on that Side and thrown the 
  Current of the river against the place the Village formerly Stood, and 
  washes away the bank in that part. The french formerly had a Fort at this 
  place, to protect the trade of this nation, the Situation appears to be a 
  verry elligable one for a Town, the valley rich & extensive, with a 
  Small Brook Meanding through it and one part of the bank affording yet a 
  good Landing for Boats The High Lands above the Fere river on each Side of 
  the Missouries appear to approach each other much nearer than below that 
  plaice, being from 3 to 6 miles between them, to the Kansas, above that 
  place from 3 to 5 Ms# apart and higher Some places being 160 or 180 feet 
  the river not So wide We made a Mast of Cotton wood, to day in the Course 
  of the evening & night it turned of a butifull red Colour 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0104-1804-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 2nd, 1804 Set out early and proceeed on the left of the islands, two 
  of which are large a high bottom Situated on the L# S# passed the mouth of 
  a Creek on the S# S# Called Turquie Creike, at this place I observed that 
  the river was Crouded with Drift wood, and dangerous to pass as this dead 
  timber Continued only about half an our, I concluded that Some Island of 
  Drift had given way (3) passed a Creek on the L# S# called Turky Creek, a 
  bad Sand bar on the L# S# we could with dificuelty Stem the Current with 
  our 20 oars & and all the poles we had, passed a large Island on the 
  S# S# Called by the Indians Wau~car~ba war~cand~da or the Bear Medesin 
  Island, at 12 oClock landed on the Island & put up a mast which 
  detained us four hours ¬ a verry hot day winds from the S# E# ¬ George 
  Drewyer inform's that the Lands he passed through yesterday and to day on 
  the S# S# was verry fine, few Springs, we Camped after dark on the S# S# 
  above the Island & opposit the 1st old village of the Kanzes which was 
  Situated in a valley, between two points of high Land, and imediatly on 
  the river bank, back of the village and on a riseing ground at about one 
  mile The French had a garrison for Some time and made use of water out of 
  a Spring running into Turkey Creek. an extensive Prarie, as the Current of 
  the river Sets against the banke and washes it away the landing place for 
  Boats is indifferent ¬ The high lands above the Fire river, approaches 
  nearer each than below, being from 3 to 6 miles distant and above Kansas 
  from 3 to 5 miles distant and the Hills at Some places are from 160 to 180 
  feet above the bottom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0105-1804-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 3rd 1804 Set out verry early this morning and proceeded on under a 
  gentle Breeze from the South passed two Islands one a Small Willow Island 
  on the L# S# (1) The other a large Island Called Cow I# (Isle Vache), this 
  Island is large, opposit to the head on the S# S# is a (2) large Pond, a 
  Bad Sand bar on the S# S# we attemptd without Success, & was oblige to 
  Cross back, I Saw a White horse on the L# S# in view of the upper point of 
  the Island, (3) passed a large Sand bar at the S# point, we halted to day 
  about a mile above the Island and found a horse, which had been lost by 
  the Indians, verry fat and jentle, Sent him on to join the others which 
  was ahead on the L S at this place, the french had a tradeing house, for 
  to trade with the Kanzes on a high bottom on the L# S# near the hills 
  which is Prarie proceeded on round a large Sand bar on the L# S# & 
  Camped (opposit a large Sand bar in the middle of the river). on the L# S# 
  a Butifull Small Stream passes back of the trading house, before mentioned 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0106-1804-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 3rd, Tusday 1804 Set out verry early this morning and proceeded on 
  under a gentle Breeze from the S# passed two Islands one a Small 
  willow Island on the L# S# the other large Called by the french Isle de 
  Vache or Cow Island, opposit the head on the S# S# is a large Pond 
  Containg Beever, & fowl, a bad Sandbar on the S# S# above the Island, 
  on the L# S# we halted at an old Tradeing house, here we found a verry fat 
  horse, which appears to have been lost a long time a butifull Small run 
  passes back of the Tradeing house near the high land, we came to at a 
  round bend on the L# S# and Camped 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0107-1804-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 4th Wednesday 1804, Set out early passed the mouth of a Beyeue 
  leading from a Lake on the S# S# this Lake is large and was once the bend 
  of the River, it reaches Parrelel for Several miles, Came to on the L# S# 
  to Dine & rest a Short time, a Snake bit Jo# Fields on the Side of his 
  foot which Swelled much, apply Barks to the wound, pass a Creek on the L# 
  S# about 15 yards wide cuming out of an extensive Prarie as this Creek has 
  no name, and this day is the 4th of July, we name this Independance us. 
  Creek above this Creek the wood land is about 200 yards, back of those 
  wood is an extensive Prarie open and high, which may be Seen six or seven 
  below ¬ Saw great Nos. of Goslins to day nearly Grown, the last 
  mentioned prarie I call Jo Fields Snake Prarie, Capt Lewis walked on Shore 
  & Saw a large moun & 3 roads leading We Camped in the plain one of 
  the most butifull Plains, I ever Saw, open & butifully diversified 
  with hills & vallies all presenting themselves to the river covered 
  with grass and a few scattering trees a handsom Creek meandering thro at 
  this place the Kansaw Inds# formerly lived and had a verry large Town 
  passed a Creek I observed Spring braking out of the bank, a good 
  Situation for a fort on a hill at the upper part 
  = 
  The Plains of this countrey are covered with a Leek Green Grass, well 
  calculated for the sweetest and most norushing hay interspersed with Cops 
  of trees, Spreding ther lofty branchs over Pools Springs or Brooks of fine 
  water. Groops of Shrubs covered with the most delicious froot is to be 
  seen in every direction, and nature appears to have exerted herself to 
  butify the Senery by the variety of flours Delicately and highly flavered 
  raised above the Grass, which Strikes & profumes the Sensation, and 
  amuses the mind throws it into Conjecterng the cause of So magnificent a 
  Senerey in a Country thus Situated far removed from the Sivilised world to 
  be enjoyed by nothing but the Buffalo Elk Deer & Bear in which it 
  abounds & Savage Indians 
  = 
  The names of the french Ingishees, or Hirelens ¬  
  = 
@section ??? {???}
    in Perogue 
     1 Battist de Shone Patrn 
    2 Joseph Le bartee 
    3 Lasoness 
    4 Paul Preemau 
    5 Chalo 
    6 E# Cann 
    7 Roie 
    8 Charlo Cougee 
    in the large Boat 
    *J# Le bartee 
    Rivee 
    bow men 
    Pieter Crousatt half Indian 
    William La Beice Mallat 
     3 Sergts# & 23 men for the Boat 
     George Drewyer. Hunter & 4 Horses 
     1 Corpl & 4 Privates in a Perogue to be Sent back from Plate 
river 
     Mr# Dueron inteptr for the Sues Capt# Lewis my Self & York 
     in all 46 men July 4th 4 horses & a Dog 
@section 3 {tx}
   = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0108-1804-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 4th Wednesday ussered in the day by a discharge of one shot from our 
  Bow piece, proceeded on, passed the mouth of a (1) Bayeau lading from a 
  large Lake on the S# S# which has the apperance of being once the bed of 
  the river & reaches parrelel for Several Miles Came to on the L# S# to 
  refresh ourselves &#. Jos. Fields got bit by a Snake, which was quickly 
  doctered with Bark by Cap Lewis. (2) Passed a Creek 12 yds# wide on L# S# 
  comeing out of an extensive Prarie reching within 200 yards of the river, 
  as, this Creek has no name, and this being the we Dine (on corn) the 4th 
  of July the day of the independance of the U# S# call it 4th of July 1804 
  Creek, Capt# Lewis walked on Shore above this Creek and discovered a high 
  moun from the top of which he had an extensive view, 3 paths Concentering 
  at the moun Saw great numbers of Goslings to day which Were nearly grown, 
  the before mentioned Lake is clear and Contain great quantities of fish an 
  Gees & Goslings, The great quantity of those fowl in this Lake induce 
  me to Call it the Gosling Lake, a Small Creek & Several Springs run in 
  to the Lake on the East Side from the hills the land on that Side verry 
  good (3) We came to and camped in the lower edge of a Plain where 2d 
  old Kanzas village formerly Stood, above the mouth of a Creek 20 yds wide 
  this Creek we call Creek Independence as we approached this place the 
  Praree had a most butifull appearance Hills & Valies interspsd with 
  Coops of Timber gave a pleasing deversity to the Senery. the right fork of 
  Creek Independence Meandering thro the middle of the Plain a point of high 
  Land near the river givs an allivated Situation. at this place the Kanzas 
  Indians formerley lived. this Town appears to have covd# a large Space, 
  the nation must have been noumerous at the time they lived here, the Cause 
  of their moveing to the Kanzas River, I have never heard, nor Can I learn; 
  war with their neghbors must have reduced this nation and Compelled them 
  to retire to a Situation in the plains better Calculated for their defence 
  and one where they may make use of their horses with good effect, in 
  persueing their enemey, we Closed the by a Discharge from our bow piece, 
  an extra Gill of whiskey. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0109-1804-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 5th 1804 Set out verry early this morning, Swam the horse across 
  the river, proceeded on for two miles under the bank where the old Kansas 
  town formerly stood The Cause of those people moveing from this place I 
  cannot learn, but naterally conclude that War has reduced their nation 
  & compelled them to retire further into the Plains with a view of 
  defending themselves & opposeing their enemey (more effectuall) on 
  hors back (I neglected to mention yesterday that the Lake on the S# S# was 
  large Say 3/4 me# wide & 7 or 8 long one creek & Several brooks 
  running into it from the hills, it contains Great quantities of Sun fish 
  & Gosling's from which we gave it the name,) passed Some verry bad 
  Sand bars Situated parrelel to each other, (1) the Boat turned three times 
  once on the  ¿¿  of a Drift wood. She recved no proceiviable damage, we 
  came to for Dinner at a Beever house, Cap Lewis's Dog Seamon went in & 
  drove them out. the high Lands on the L# S# is open, a few trees 
  Scattering (2) passed a Small Creek on the L# S# in the 1s bend to the 
  left I call yellow oaker creek from a bank of that Mineral just above. we 
  camped on the L# S# under a high bank Latd# 39° 25' 41" North 
  = 
  on the banks of this river I observe great quants of Grapes, berries & 
  roses Deer is not So plenty in this three days past as they were below 
  that. Elks are plenty about those Praries. Some Buffalow Sign. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0110-1804-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 5th Thursday 1804 Set out verry early, proceeded on near the bank 
  where the old village Stood for two miles, (Swam the hors found a few days 
  ago) passed Some bad Sand bars, The Origan of this old village is 
  uncertain M# de Bourgmont a French officer who Comdd. a fort near the Town 
  of the Missouris in about the year 1724 and in July of the Same year he 
  visited this Village at that time the nation was noumerous & well 
  desposed towards the french Mr# Du Pratz must have been badly informed as 
  to the Cane opposd this place we have not Seen one Stalk of reed or cane 
  on the Missouries, he States that the "Indians that accompanied M De 
  Bourgmont Crossed to the Canzes Village on floats of Cane" 
  = 
  Those people must have been verry noumerous at that time as Mr# De B# was 
  accompanied by 300 Warriers, 500 young people & 300 Dogs of burthen 
  out of this Village 
  = 
  The Cause of Those Indians moveing over to the Kanzis river I have never 
  lernt ¬ we passed Some bad Sand bars, Situated parrelel to each other 
  (1) The Boat turned twice on the quick Sand & once on a raft of Drift, 
  no procievable damage Prarie Contine on the high land on the L# S# passd a 
  Small Creek (2) on L# S# in the first bend to the L S# I call Yellow~Oaker 
  Creek from a quantity of that Mineral in a bank a little above 
  = 
  The river Continue to fall a little ¬ I observe great quantities of 
  Summer & fall Grapes, Berries & Wild roases on the banks ¬ Deer 
  is not so plenty as usual, great Deel of Elk Sign. (Wind from S E) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0111-1804-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th July Friday. We Set out early this morning & Proceeded on (the 
  river falls Slowly) wind S# W) passed a Sand bar in 1st bend to the right 
  (1) passed a Small Island at the S# pt# a verry warm day (worthy of remark 
  that the water of this river or Some other Cause, I think that the most 
  Probable throws out a greater preposn. of Swet than I could Suppose Could 
  pass thro the humane body Those men that do not work at all will wet a 
  Shirt in a Few minits & those who work, the Swet will run off in 
  Streams) opposit the 3rd point passed a Prarie on the S# S# Called Reeveys 
  Prarie (fro a man of that name being Killed in it) opposit this Prarie the 
  river is Confined in a verry narrow Space Crowded on S# S# by Sands which 
  were moveing and difficuelt to pass. the Hunts. Sent in 3 Deer Jurked on 
  the 4th point of to day is a Small Island & a Sand bar 2 miles out in 
  the river, this is Called the Grand Bend, or Grande de Tour, I walked on 
  this Sand bar found it a light Sand intersperced with Small Pebbles of 
  various Kinds, also pit Coal of an excellent quallity was lodged on the 
  Sand, We camped on the L# S# at a small creek a whiper will perched on the 
  boat for a Short time, I gave his name to the Creek 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0112-1804-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 6th, Friday We Set out early this morning, wind from the S# W# passed 
  a large Sand bar in the 1st# bend to the right. (1) passed a Small Island 
  at the S# point opposit the 3rd point we passed a Prarie on the S# S# 
  Called Reeveys Prarie at this place the river is Confined in a verry 
  narrow Channel Crouded by a Sand bar from the L# Point This Sand bar from 
  the L# Point, this Sand bar is verry bad, at the 4th Point from the S# S# 
  is a verry extensive bar, at the Point of which is a Small willow Island 
  this is Called the Grand Detour or Great bend 
  = 
  I walked on this Sand bar and found the Sand was light, with Collection of 
  Small pebble, & some Pit Coal I observe that the men Swet more than is 
  Common from Some Cause, I think the Missouries water is the principal 
  Cause our hunters Sent in 3 Bucks today The river Still fall a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0113-1804-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of July Satturday 1804 Set out early passed Some verry Swift water on 
  the L# S# which Compelled us to Draw up by the Cord. a verry warm morning, 
  passed a butifull Prarie on the right Side which extends back, those 
  Praries has much the appearance from the river of farms, Divided by narrow 
  Strips of woods those Strips of timber grows along the runs which rise on 
  the hill & pass to the river a Cleft above, one man sick (Frasure) 
  Struck with the Sun, Saw a large rat on the Side of the bank, Killed a 
  wolf on the Bank passed (2) a verry narrow part of the river, all confined 
  within 200 yards, a yellow bank above, passed a Small willow Island on the 
  S# point, (in Low water those Small Willow Islands are joined to the Sand 
  bars makeing out from the Points) a pond on the S# S near the prarie we 
  passed yesterday in which G D# Saw Several young Swans we Came to and 
  Camped on the L# S# and two men Sent out last evening with the horses did 
  not join us this evening agreeable to orders ¬ a hard wind with Some 
  rain from the N, E at 7 oClock which lasted half an hour, with thunder 
  & lightning. river fall a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0114-1804-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 7th Satturday 1804 Set out early passed Some Swift water, which 
  obliged us to draw up by roapes, a Sand bare at the point opposit a 
  butifull Prarie on the S# Side Calld. (1) St# Michul, those Praries on the 
  river has verry much the appearence of farms from the river Divided by 
  narrow Strips of wood land, which wood land is Situatd. on the runs 
  leading to the river. passed a Bluff of yellow Clay above the Prarie. Saw 
  a large rat on the bank. Killed a Wolf. at 4 oClock pass a Verry narrow 
  part of the river water Confd# in a bead not more than 200 yards wide at 
  this place the Current runs against the L# Side. no Sand to Confine the 
  Current on the S# S# passed a Small sand Island above the Small Islds# 
  Situated at the points, in low water form a part of the Sand bars makeing 
  out from those points 
  = 
  Incamped on the S# S# at 7 oClock a Violent Ghust of wind from the N# E# 
  with Some rain, which lasted half an hour (G D# informs me that he Saw in 
  a Pond on the S# S# which we passed yesterday; a number of young Swans,) 
  one man verry Sick, Struck with the Sun, Capt# Lewis bled him & gave 
  Niter which has revived him much 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0115-1804-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of July Sunday Set out early this morning, the Sick man much better, 
  Serjt# Oddeway was waiting at a Creek on the S# S# below an Island, passed 
  (1) two Island on the S# S# and came to at the upper point, G Drewyer went 
  out R# Fields & Guterich, five men Sick to day with a violent Head ake 
  &c# and Several with Boils, we appoint a Cook to each mess to take 
  Charge of the Provisions. in Serjt# Pryor's = Collens in Sjt# Ordway's 
  Werner in Sergt# Floyd's Thompson, The french men Killed a young Deer on 
  the Bank, (2) passed up a narrow Channel of about 80 or 100 yds wide about 
  5 miles to the mouth of Nadawa River which corns in to this channel from 
  the N W# and is abt# 70 yards wide at its mouth  ¿¿  feet Deep and has a 
  jentle Current, Perogues can navagate this river near its head, which is 
  between the Missourie & the Grand River, passed up the gut 3/4 of a 
  mile to the river at the head of the Island & camped opposit the head 
  of this Island is another nearest the Middle R this Island Nadawa is the 
  largest I have Seen, formed by a Channel washing into the Nadawa river. "8 
  or 10000 acrs" 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0116-1804-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 8th Sunday 1804 Set out early passed a Small Creek on the S# S# 
  and two (1) Small Islands on the S S# five men Sick to day with a violent 
  head ake &c# we made Some arrangements as to provisions & Messes, 
  came to for Dinner at the lower point of a very large Island Situated near 
  the S# S# after a delay of two hours we passed a narrow channel of 45 to 
  80 yds wide five miles to the mouth of (3) Nkdawa River, This river Coms 
  in from the North and is navagable for Perogues Some distance. it is about 
  70 yards wide a little above the mouth, at the mouth not So wide, the mud 
  of the Gut running out of the Missourie is thrown and Settles in the mouth 
  half a mile higher up this Channel or gut is the upper point of the Said 
  Island, This Island is Called Nadawa, & is the largest I have Seen in 
  the river, containing 7 or 8000 acres of Land Seldom overflowed we Camped 
  at the head of this Island on the S# S# opposit the head or our Camp is a 
  Small Island near the middle of the river, river Still falling. our flank 
  party did not join us this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0117-1804-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Detachment Orders Nadawa Island July 8th 1804. In order to insure a 
  prudent and regular use of all provisions issued to the crew of the 
  Batteaux in future, as also to provide for the equal distribution of the 
  same among the individuals of the several messes, The Commanding Officers 
  Do appoint the following persons to recieve, cook, and take charges of the 
  provisions which may from time to time be issued to their respective 
  messes, (viz) John B# Thompson to Sergt# Floyd's mess, 
  = 
  William Warner to Sergt# Ordway's mess, and John Collins to Sergt# Pryor's 
  Mess. ¬ These Superintendants of Provision, are held immediately 
  respon sible to the commanding Officers for a judicious consumption of the 
  provi sion which they recieve; they are to cook the same for their several 
  messes in due time, and in such manner as is most wholesome and best 
  calculated to afford the greatest proportion of nutriment; in their mode 
  of cooking they are to exercise their own judgment; they shall allso point 
  out what part, and what proportion of the mess provisions are to be 
  consumed at each stated meal (i. e.) morning, noon and night; nor is any 
  man at any time to take or consume any part of the mess provisions without 
  the privity, knowledge and consent of the Superintendant. The 
  superintendant is also held responsible for all the cooking eutensels of 
  his mess. in considera tion of the duties imposed by this order on 
  Thompson, Warner, and Collins, they will in future be exempt from guard 
  duty, tho they will still be held on the royster for that duty, and their 
  regular tour shall be per formed by some one of their rispective messes; 
  they are exempted also from pitching the tents of the mess, collecting 
  firewood, and forks poles &c# for cooking and drying such fresh meat 
  as may be furnished them; those duties are to be also performed by the 
  other members of the mess. M# Lewis Wm# Clark 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0118-1804-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 9th Monday 1804 Sent one man back to the mouth of the River to 
  mark a tree, to let the party on Shore See that the Boat had passed the 
  river, Set out early passed (1) the head of the Island Situated in the 
  middle of the river a Sand bar at the head, (2) passed the mouth of a 
  Creek or Bayou on the S# S# leading from a large Pond of about three miles 
  in length, at 8 oClock it commenced raining, the wind changed from N E# to 
  S# W# (3) at 6 miles passed the mouth of a Small Creek on the L# S# called 
  Monters Creek, the river at this place is wide with a Sand bar in the 
  Middle, passed a place on the L# S# about 2 miles above the Creek, where 
  Several french men camped two years to hunt (4) passed a Island on 
  the S S# of the river in a bend, opsd# a high Land on the L# S# wind 
  Shifted to the N# W# in the evining, opsd# this Island, and on the L# S# 
  Loup or Wolf River Coms in, this river is about 60 yards Wide, but little 
  water running at the mouth, this river heads with the waters of the 
  Kanzas, and has a perogue navigation Some distance, it abounds with 
  Beaver, Camped opposit the head of the Island on the L# S# Saw a fire on 
  the S# S# Supposedly the four flankers, to be theire, Sent a perogue for 
  them, the Patroon & Bowman of the Perogue French, they returned & 
  informed, that when they approached the fire, it was put out, which caused 
  them to return, this report causd. us to look out Supposeing a pty. of 
  Soux going to war, firierd the bow piec to allarm & put on their guard 
  the men on Shore everey thing in readiness for Defence. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0119-1804-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 9th Monday 1804 one man Sent back to the river we passed last night 
  to Blase a tree with a view to notify the party on Shore of our passing 
  Set out and passed the head of the (1) Island which was Situated opposit 
  to our Camp last night a Sand bar at the head (2) opsd# this Island a 
  Creek or Bayaue Corns in from a large Pond on the Starboard Side, as our 
  flanking party Saw great numbers of Pike in this Pond, I have laid it down 
  with that name anex'd,v at 8 oClock the wind Shifted from the N, E to S W 
  and it commenced raining. (3) at Six miles passed the mouth of Creek on 
  the L# S# Called Monter's Creek, about two mile above is some Cabins where 
  our Bowman & Several frenchmen Campd# two years (4) passed an Island 
  on the S# S# in a Bend of the river opposit Some Clifts on the L# S# the 
  wind Shifted to the N W opposit this Island and on the L# Side (Loup) or 
  Wolf River Coms in, this river is about 60 yards wide and heads with the 
  waters of the Kansis, and is navagable for Perogues "Some destance up" 
  Camped at a point on the L# S# opposit the head of the Island, our party 
  was incamped on the Opposit Side, their not answering our Signals Caused 
  us to Suspect the persons Camped opposit to us was a war party of Soux, we 
  fired the Bow piece to alarm the party on Shore, ailed prepared to oppose 
  if attacted 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0120-1804-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 10th Tuesday Set out this morning with a view to Land near the fire 
  Seen last night, & recornetre, but Soon discovered that our men were 
  at the fire, they were a Sleep early last evening, and from the Course of 
  the Wind which blew hard, their yells were not heard by party in the 
  perogue, a mistake altogether. proceeded on, passed Prarie on the upper 
  Side of Woolf River, at 4 miles passed (1) a Small Creek L# S# Called R# 
  Pape this Creek is about 15 yds# Wide and called after a Spanierd who 
  killed himself at the mouth. (2) Dined on an Island Called de Selamen and 
  delayed 3 hours, and proceeded on, opposit this Isld# on the L# S# is a 
  (3) butifull Bottom Prarie whuch will Contain about 2000 acres of Land 
  covered with wild rye & wild Potatoes, gread numbers of Goslings on 
  the Banks & in the Ponds near the river, Capt Lewis Killed two this 
  evening, we came to & Camped for the night. at a point on the S# S# 
  opposit a yellow Clay Clift. our men all getting well but much 
  fatigued, the river is on a Stand nether rise nor fall, The bottom on the 
  S# S# is verry extensive & thick. the Hills or high land is near the 
  river on the L# S# and but thinly timbered, back of those hills is open 
  plains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0121-1804-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 10th Tuesday 1804 Set out early this morning and Crossd the river 
  with a view to See who the party was that Camped on the other Side, we 
  Soon discovered them to be our men, ¬ proceeded on passed a Prarie on 
  the L# S# at 4 miles passed a Creek L# S Called (1) Pappie after a man who 
  Killed himself at its mouth, this Creek is 15 yds wide (2) Dined on 
  an Isld# Called de Salamin Delayed 3 hours on this Island to recruit the 
  men opposit on the L# S# is a butifull bottom Plain of about 2000 acres 
  (3) Covered with wild rye & Potatoes, intermix't with the grass, we 
  camped on the S# S# opposit a yellow Clay Clift, Capt# Lewis Killed two 
  young Gees or Goslings this evening ¬ The men of the party getting 
  better, but much fatigued ¬ The river on a Stand ¬ The bottom is 
  verry extensive on the S# S# and thickly intersperced with Vines The High 
  Land approaches near the river on the L# S# and well timbered next to the 
  river, back of those hills the Plains Commence. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0122-1804-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 11th Wednesday, Set out early proceeded on passed a Willow (1) Island 
  in a bend to the S# S# Sent out Dreweyer & Jo# Fields to hunt, Back of 
  this Island a creek corns in on the S# S# called by the Indians Little 
  Tarkio Creek I went on Shore above this Island on the S# S# found the 
  bottom Subject for overflow wet and verry thickly interwoven with grape 
  Vines ¬ proceeded on at about 1/2 a miles from the river about 3 ms# 
  and observed fresh Sign of a horse, I prosueed the track, with an 
  expectation of finding a Camp of Indians on the river, when I got to the 
  river, I saw a horse on the Beech, this horse as appears was left last 
  winter by Some hunting party, probable the Othouez, I joined the Boat on 
  the Sand Island Situated opposit the mouth of the Ne Ma har River, this 
  river Coms in on the L# S# is about 80 yds Wide and navagable for Perogues 
  Some Distance up the praries Commnce above the mouth and Continus on both 
  Sides of this R Drewyer killed 6 Deer to day J# Field one Several hunters 
  Sent out up the Nemahar R#
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0123-1804-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 11th, Wednesday 1804 Set out early passed a Willow Island (1) in a 
  bend on the S# S# back of this Island a Creek Corns in Called by the 
  Indians Tar~ki~o 
  = 
  I went on Shore above this Creek and walked up parrelel with the river at 
  ab ut half a mile distant, the bottom I found low & Subject to 
  overflow, Still further out, the under groth & vines wer So thick that 
  I could not get thro with ease after walking about three or 4 miles I 
  observed a fresh horse track where he had been feeding I turned my course 
  to the river and prosud the track and found him on a Sand beach This horse 
  Probably had been left by Some party of Otteaus hunters who wintered or 
  hunted in this quarter last fall or Wintr. I joined the party on a large 
  Sand Island imediately opposit the mouth of Ne Ma haw River, at which 
  place they had Camped, this Island is Sand about half of it Covered with 
  Small Willows of two different Kinds, one Narrow & the other a Broad 
  Leaf. Several hunters Sent out to day on both Sides of the river, Seven 
  Deer Killed to day. Drewyer Killd Six of them, made Some Luner 
  observations this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0124-1804-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 12th Thursday Som hunters out on the S# S# those on the L# S# did not 
  return last night, our object in delaying here is to tak Some Observations 
  and rest the men who are much fatigued made Sundery observations, after an 
  early Brackfast I took five men and went up the River Ne Ma har about 
  three miles, to an open leavel part of an emence prarie, at the Mouth of a 
  Small Creek on the Lower Side, I went on Shore, & passed thro the 
  plain passed Several noles to the top of a high artificial Noal from the 
  top of this noal I had an emence, extensive & pleaseing prospect, of 
  the Countrey around, I could See the meandering of the Little River for at 
  least 10 miles winding thro a meadow of 15 or 20000 acres of high bottom 
  land covered with Grass about 41/2 feet high, the high lands which rose 
  irregularly, & were toped with Mounds or antent Graves which is to me 
  a Strong evidence of this Countrey haveing been thickly Settled. This 
  River is about 80 yards wide with a gentle Current and heads up near the 
  Parnee Village on River Blue a branch of Kansas, a little timbered land 
  near the mouth for 1 mile above, only a fiew Trees, and thickets of Plumbs 
  Cheres &c are Seen on its banks the Creeks & little reveens 
  makeing into the river have also Some timber ¬ I got grapes on the 
  banks nearly ripe, observed great quantities, of Grapes, plums Crab apls 
  and a wild Cherry, Growing like a Comn. Wild Cherry only larger & 
  grows on a Small bush, on the side of a clift Sand Stone 1/2 me# up & 
  on Lower Side I marked my name & day of the month near an Indian Mark 
  or Image of animals & a boat Tried Willard for Sleeping on his post, 
  our hunters killed some Deer, Saw Elk & Buffalow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0125-1804-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 12th, Thursday 1804 Concluded to Delay here to day with a view of 
  takeing equal altitudes & makeing observations as well as refreshing 
  our men who are much fatigued ¬ after an early Brackfast I with five 
  men in a Perogue assended the River Ne~Ma~haw about 2 miles to the mouth 
  of a Small Creek on the Lower Side, here I got out of the Perogue, after 
  going to Several Small Mounds in a leavel plain, I assended a hill on the 
  Lower Side, on this hill Several Artificial Mounds were raised, from the 
  top of the highest of those Mounds I had an extensive view of the 
  Serounding Plains, which afforded one of the most pleasing prospects I 
  ever beheld, under me a Butifull River of Clear water of about 80 yards 
  wide Meandering thro a leavel and extensive Meadow, as far as I could See, 
  the prospect Much enlivened by the fine Trees & Srubs which is 
  bordering the bank of the river, and the Creeks & runs falling into 
  it. The bottom land is covered with Grass of about 41/2 feet high, and 
  appears as leavel as a Smoth Surfice, the 2 bottom is also covered with 
  Grass and rich weeds & flours, interspersed with Copses of the Osage 
  Plumb. on the riseing lands, Small groves of trees are Seen, with a 
  numbers of Grapes and a Wild Cherry resembling the Common Wild Cherry, 
  only larger and grows on a Small bush on the tops of those hills in every 
  derection. I observed artifical mounds (or as I may more justly term 
  Graves) which to me is a Strong indication of this Country being once 
  Thickly Settled. (The Indians of the Missouris Still Keep up the Custom of 
  Burrying their dead on high ground) after a ramble of about two miles 
  about I returned to the perogue and decended down the River, gathd. Som 
  grapes nearly ripe, on a Sandstone Bluff about 1/4 of a mile from its 
  mouth on the Lower Side I observed Some Indian marks, went to the rock 
  which jutted over the water and marked my name & the day of the month 
  & year ¬ This river heads near one of the Villages of the Pania on 
  the River Blue, a branch of the Kansas River. above this river about 
  half a mile the Prarie Comes to the Missouri after my return to Camp on 
  the Island Completed Som observations, Tred tried a man for sleeping on 
  his Post & inspected the arms amunition &c# of the party found all 
  complete, Took Some Luner Obsevations. three Deer killed to day. Latd# 39° 
  55' 56" N# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0126-1804-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis and Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1804 
@section 3 {txlc}
  Camp New Island July 12th 1804. A Court matial consisting of the two 
  commanding officers will convene this day at 1 OCk# P#M# for the trial of 
  such prisoners as may be brought before them; one of the court will act as 
  judge Advocate. M# Lewis Wm# Clark 
  = 
  The Commanding officers. Capt# M# Lewis & W# Clark constituted 
  themselves a Court martial for the trial of Such prisoners as are Guilty 
  of Capatol Crimes, and under the rules and articles of War punishable by 
  Death, 
  = 
  Alexander Willard was brought foward Charged with "Lying down and Sleeping 
  on his post whilst a Sentinal, on the night of the 11th. Instant" (by John 
  Ordway Sergeant of the Guard) 
  = 
  To this Charge the prisoner pleads. Guilty of Lying Down, and not Guilty, 
  of Going to Sleep. The Court after Duly Considering the evidence aduced, 
  are of oppinion that the Prisoner Alexdn. Willard is guilty of every part 
  of the Charge exhibited against him. it being a breach of the rules and 
  articles of War (as well as tending to the probable distruction of the 
  party) do Sentence him to receive One hundred lashes on his bear back, at 
  four different times in equal propation. and order that the 
  punishment Commence this evening at Sunset, and Continue to be inflicted, 
  (by the Guard) every evening untill Completed Wm Clark M# Lewis 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0127-1804-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  My notes of the 13th of July by a Most unfortunate accident blew over 
  Board in a Storm in the morning of the 14th obliges me to refur to the 
  Journals of Serjeants, and my own recollection the accurrences Courses 
  Distance &c# of that day ¬ last night a violent Storm from the N# 
  N, E# (1) passed Tar~ki~o River, at 2 miles a chant. running into this 
  river 3 ms# abov forms St Josephs Isld# Passed an elegt Prarie in the 1st 
  bend to the left. Containg a grass resmlg Timothy, with Seed like flax, 
  (2) passed a Island in a bend to the S# S# at 12 ms# I walked on Shore S# 
  S# lands, low & overflows, Killed two Goslings nearly Grown, Sailed 
  under a Wind from the South all day, Camped on a Sand Island on the L# Pt# 
  opposit a high & extensiv Prarie, on the S# S# the Hills about 4 or 5 
  me# off, this Plain appears extensive, great appearance of a Storm from 
  the North W# this evening verry agreeable the wind Still from the South ¬  
  = 
  from the Osagies Nation with twenty odd of the Natives or chiefs of the 
  Nation with him sailed dowen the Mississippi bound to St Louis & 3 
  guns fired showers of rain Showers of Rain all that night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0128-1804-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 13th Friday 1804 Set out at Sun rise, and prosd. on under a gentle 
  Breeze, at two miles passed the mouth of a Small river on the S# S# Called 
  by the Indians Tarki~o, a Channel running out of the river three miles 
  above (which is now filled up with Sand) runs into this Creek & and 
  formed a Island Called St# 
  = 
  Josephs Several Sand bars parralel to each other above ¬ In the first 
  bend to the left is Situated a Butifull & extensive plain, Cover'd 
  with Grass resembling Timothy except the Seed which resembles Flax Seed, 
  this plain also abounds in Grapes of defferent Kinds Some nearly ripe. I 
  Killed two Goslings nearly Grown, Several others Killed and cought on 
  Shore, also one old Goose, with pin fethers, She Could not fly ¬ at 
  about 12 miles passd# a Island Situated in a bend on the S# S# above this 
  Island is a large Sand bar Covered with willows. The wind from the South, 
  Camped on a large Sand Bar makeing out from the L# P# opposit a high 
  hanson Prarie, the hills about 4 or 5 miles on S# S# this plain appeard 
  extensive, the Clouds appear to geather to the N# W# a most agreeable 
  Breeze from the South (I walked on Shore on the S# S# the lands are low 
  Subject to overflow) 
  = 
  Last night at about 10 oClock a violent Storm of wind from the N# N# E# 
  which lasted with Great violence for about one hour, at which time a 
  Shower of rain Succeeded. 
  = 
  The men on Shore did not join us this after noon ¬ The river nearly on 
  a Stand ¬ the high lands on the S# S# has only been Seen at a Distance 
  above the Nordaway River, those on the S# L# aproaching the river at every 
  bend, on the Side next to the river well timbered, the opsd# Side open 
  & the Commencmt. of Plains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0129-1804-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 14th Satturday Some hard Shours of rain accompaned with Some wind 
  detained us untill about 7 oClock, we then Set out and proceeded on about 
  a mile and th atmispeir became Suddenly darkened by a blak & dismal 
  looking Cloud, we wer in a Situation, near the upper point of a Sd# Isd# 
  & the opsd Shore falling in in this Situation a Violent Storm of Wint 
  from the N, E (passing over an Open plain, Struck the boat nearly 
  Starboard, quatering, & blowing down the Current) the exerssions of 
  all our Men who were out in an instant, aded to a Strong Cable and Anchor 
  was Scrcely Sufficent to Keep the boat from being thrown up on the Sand 
  Island, and dashed to peices the Waves dasthed over on the Side next to 
  the wind the lockers which was covered with Tarpoling prevented them 
  coming into the boat untill the Boat was Creaned on the Side from the Wind 
  in this Situation we continued about 40 minits, the two perogues about a 
  quater of a mile above, one of them in a Similer Situation with the Boat, 
  the other under the charge of George Gibson in a much better position, 
  with her Ster faceing the wind, this Storm Suddenly Seased, & 1 minit 
  the river was as Smoth as glass, the wind Shifted to the S# E and we Set 
  Sail, and proceeded on passed (1) a Small Island on the S# S# and Dined ¬ R# 
  Fields who has charge of the horses &c# on Shore did not join us last 
  night. passed a old fort where Mr# Bennet of St Louis winttered 2 years 
  & traded with the Otteaus & Parties on the S# S# 1 me# abov the 
  little Island, I went out on the L# S# and observed two Elk on a land in 
  the river, in attempting to get near those elk obseved one near us I Shot 
  one. continued on Shore & thro the bottom which was extensive, Some 
  Small Praries, and a peponce of high rich & well timbered bottom, in 
  the Glades I saw wild Timothy, Lams quarter Cuckle burs & rich weed, 
  on the edges Plumbs of different kinds Grapes, and Goose berries, Camped 
  on the L# S# Ruben Fields and Gulrich joined the Party two men unwell, one 
  a Felin on his finger, river fall 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0130-1804-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 14th, Satturday 1804 Some hard Showers of rain this morning prevented 
  our Setting out untill 7 oClock, at half past Seven, the atmispr. became 
  Sudenly darkened by a black and dismal looking Cloud, at the time we were 
  in a Situation (not to be bettered) near the upper point of the Sand 
  Island, on which we lay, and the opposit Shore, the bank was falling in 
  and lined with Snags as far as we could See down. in this Situation The 
  Storm which passd over an open Plain from the N# E# Struck the our boat on 
  the Starbd# quarter, and would have thrown her up on the Sand Island 
  dashed to peces in an Instant, had not the party leeped out on the Leward 
  Side and kept her off with the assistance of the ancker & Cable, 
  untill the Storm was over, the waves Dashed over her windward Side and She 
  must have filled with water if the Lockers which is covered with Tarpoling 
  & Threw of the water & prevented any quantity Getting into Bilge 
  of the Boat 
  = 
  In this Situation we continued about 40 Minits. when the Storm Sudenly 
  Seased and the river become Instancetaniously as Smoth as Glass. 
  = 
  The two perogus dureing this Storm was in a Similar Situation with the 
  boat about half a mile above ¬ The wind Shifted to the S# E & We 
  Saled up passed a Small (1) Isld# Situated on the S# S# and Dined & 
  Continud two hours, men examine their arms ¬ about a Mile above this 
  Island, passed a Small Tradeing fort on the S# S# where, Mr# Bennet of St# 
  Louis Traded with the Otteaus & Panies two years. I went on Shore to 
  Shoot Some Elk on a Sand bar to the L# S# I fired at one but did not get 
  him, went out into a large extensive bottom the greater part of which 
  overflows, the part that dose not overflow, is rich and well timbered, 
  Some Small open Praries near the hills, the Boat passed the lower part of 
  a large Island Situated on the S# S# above the Lower point of this Island 
  on the S# S# a (2) large Creek corns into the river Called by the Maha's 
  Indians Neesh~nah~ba~to~na 50 yds this is a considerable Creek nearly as 
  large as the Mine River, and runs parrelel with the Missouri, the Greater 
  part of its Course. In those Small Praries or glades I saw wild Timothey, 
  lambs~quarter, Cuckle burs; & rich weed. on the edges Grows Sumr. 
  Grapes, Plum's, & Gooseberries. I Joined the boat which had Came to 
  and Camped in a bend opposd. the large Island before mentioned on the L# 
  S# Several men unwell with Boils, Felns, &c# The river falls a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0131-1804-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 15th Sunday 1804. a heavy fog this morning which Detained us untill 7 
  oClock, put Drewyer Sgt# Floyd on Shore, at 9 I took two Men and went on 
  Shore, with a view to Kill Some elk, passed thro open plains, and barroney 
  lands Crossed three butifull Small Streams of water, Saw great quantity of 
  Cherres Plums, Grapes & Berries of Difft. Kinds, the lands Generally 
  of a good quallity, on the Streams the wood escapes the fire, at about 7 
  miles I Struck the river at the mouth Ne ma har Creek about 40 yds wide, 
  near this Creek on a high part of the Prarie I had a extensive View of the 
  river & Countrey on both Sides. on S# a contnuation of the plain as 
  far as I could See, on the N# a bottom Prarie of about 5 ms# wide & 18 
  or 20 long, hills back of this Plain. I Swam across the Creek and waited 
  for the Boat about three miles above, we camped opsd# an Island. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0132-1804-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 15th, Sunday a heavy Fog this morning prevented our Setting out 
  before 7 oClock, at nine I took two men and walked on the L# S# I crossed 
  three butifull Streems of runnig water heading in the Praries on those 
  Streem the lands verry fine covered with pea Vine & rich weed the high 
  Praries are also good land Covered with Grass entirely void of timber 
  except what grows on the water, I proceeded on thro those praries Several 
  miles to the mouth of a large Creek on the L# S# called (2) Ne ma har this 
  is a Small river, about 100 yds# above the mouth it is 40 yards wide, at 
  the mouth (as all other Creeks & rivers falling into the Missourie 
  are) much narrower than a little distance up. after continueing at the 
  mouth of this Creek about an hour, I Swam across and proceeded on about 3 
  miles and halted to wate for the boat, which was Some distance below ¬ In 
  all this days march thro woods & Praries, I only Saw three Deer & 
  3 fawns ¬ I had at one part of the Prarie a verry extensive view of 
  all the Countrey around up and down the river a Considerable distance, on 
  the Larbd. Sd# one Continul Plain, on the S# S# Some timber on the bank of 
  the river, for a Short distance back of this timber is a bottom Plain of 
  four or five miles back to the hills and under the hills between them 
  & the river this plain appeared to extend 20 or 30 miles, those Hills 
  have but little timber, and the Plain appears to Continu back of them ¬ I 
  Saw Great quantities of Grapes, Plums, or 2 Kinds wild Cherries of 2 
  Kinds, Hazelnuts, and Goosberries. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  we Camped in a point of woods on the Larboard S# opsd# a large Island. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0133-1804-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 15th This evening I discovered that my Chronometer had stoped, 
  nor can I assign any cause for this accedent; she had been wound up the 
  preceding noon as usual. This is the third instance in which this 
  instrument has stopt in a similar manner since she nas been in my 
  possession, tho the first only since our departure from the River Dubois. 
  in the two preceding cases when she was again set in motion, and her rate 
  of going determined by a series of equal altitudes of the sun taken for 
  that purpose, it was found to be the same precisely as that mentioned in 
  the preliminary remarks to these observations, or 15 s & 5 tenths too 
  slow in 24 h as her rate of going after stoping, and begin again set in 
  motion has in two instances proved to be the same, I have concluded, that 
  whatever this impediment may procede from, it is not caused by any 
  material injury which her works have sustained, and that when she is in 
  motion, her error on mean time above stated, may be depended on as 
  accurate. In consequence of the chronometer's having thus accedentally 
  stoped, I determined to come too at the first convenient place and make 
  such observations as were necessary to ascertain her error, establish the 
  Latitude & Longitude, and determine the variation of the nedle, in 
  order to fix a second point of departure. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0134-1804-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 16 1804 Monday Set out verry early and proceeded on the Side of a 
  Prarie passd the head of the Island opsd# which we Camped last night, (1) 
  passed a Small willow Island off the L# point, hills make near the river 
  (2) passed a large Island nearest the L# S# below the pt# a Small willow 
  Isd# also one on the Side. this large Island is called fair Sun the wind 
  favourable from the South. Boat run on a Sawyer, (4) pass a place on the 
  L# S# where the hill abt# 20 acres has Sliped into the river lately just 
  above passed under a clift of Sand Stone L# S# a number of Burds Nests in 
  the holes & crevises of this rock which Continus 2 miles, (5) passed a 
  willow Island in a Deep bend to the S# S# river 2 mile wide at this place, 
  note Deed Snags across, passed the Lower point of a Island called Isle 
  Chauvin Situated on the L# Point opposit an extensive Prarie on the S# S#, 
  This prarie I call Ball pated Prarie from the range ball hills, at from 3 
  to 6 miles from the river as far as my Sight will extend, we camped in a 
  point of woods opsd# the Isd# on S# S# in a bend. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0135-1804-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 16th Monday 1804 Set out this morning verry early and proceeded on 
  under a gentle breeze from the S passed the upper point of the Island an 
  extensive Prarie on the L# S# passed a large (1) Island Called Fair Sun 
  Isd# a Small willow Isld# at the lower point on the L# S# the boat passd 
  on the L# S# of those Islands Several Small Sand Islands in the Channel, 
  the Boat run on the point of a Snag, (2) passed a place above the Island 
  L# S# where about 20 acres of the hill has latterly Sliped into the river 
  above a clift of Sand Stone for about two miles, the resort of burds of 
  Different Kinds to reare their young. (5) Passed a willow Island in a Deep 
  Bend to the S# S# opposit the river is about two miles wide, and not verry 
  Deep as the Snag may be Seen across, Scattering, passed the Lower point of 
  an Island called by French Chauvin's Situated off the L# Point opposit an 
  extensive Prarie on the S# S# This Prarie I call Ball gated Prarie, from a 
  range of Ball Hills parrelel to the river & at from 3 to 6 miles 
  distant from it, and extends as far up & Down as I Can See, we Camped 
  in a point of woods on the L# S# above the Lower point of the Island. 
  river falling. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0136-1804-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday 16th we set out at an early hour; the morning was cloudy; could 
  find no convenient situation for observation; proceeded untill a little 
  before noon when we came too On the Lard# Shore opposite to the center of 
  good Island where I observed the meridian altitude of O's L# L# with 
  Octant by the back observation, wich gave me the Latitude ¬ 40° 20' 
  12" N# 
  = 
  I now set the Chronometer as near noon as this observation would enable 
  me, and proceeded untill evening, when we came too on the Stard# shore 
  opposite the lower point of the Island of the Bald prarie where we 
  encamped. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0137-1804-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 17th Tuesday, we concluded to lay by today to fix the Longitude, and 
  get the Cronometer right, (She run down Day before yesterday), Several men 
  out hunting to day Capt# Lewis rode out to Neesh~nahba~to na Creek which 
  passes thro# the Prarie (on which there is Some few trees) within  ¿¿ 
  Mile of the Missoureis, wind from the S E# Several of the party have 
  tumers of different Kinds Some of which is verry troublesom and dificuilty 
  to cure. I took a meridian altitude (43° 27') which made the Lattitude of 
  this place 40° 27' 6" 4/10 North. (The Ball Hills bear N 25° W for 
  30 mes# The bend on L# S# passing the Isd# on the right Side is N# 28° W# 
  4 ms#) Took equal altitudes Tried a part of the comn pt# of the Current in 
  40 Seconds the water run 50 fathem 30" & 20" in places 
  = 
  Cap Lewers returned, Saw Some hand Som Countrey, the Creek near the high 
  land is rapid and nearly as muddy as the river, & rising Gutrich 
  caught two verry fat Cat fish G Drewyer Killed 3 Deer, & R Fields one, 
  a puff of wind brought Swarms of Misquitors, which disapeared in two 
  hours, blown off by a Continuation of the Same brees. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0138-1804-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Bald Pated Prarie July 17th, Tuesday 1804 We Concluded lay by at this 
  place to day to fix the Lattitude & Longitude of this place to Correct 
  the cromometer run down Sunday) Several men out by day light hunting Capt# 
  Lewis Concid. to ride out to Neesh~nah~ba~to~na Creek which passes under 
  the ball hills near this place and at one place a little above this Camp 
  is within 300 yards of the Missouris on this Creek grows Some few trees of 
  oake walnut & mulberry. I took Meridian altitude of sun L# L# (43° 
  27') which made the Lattitude 40° 27' 5" 4/10 North ¬ wind from the 
  South E# Several of the party much aflicted with turners of different 
  Kinds, Som of which is verry troublesom and dificuelt to cure. Capt# Louis 
  returned in the evening. he Saw Som hand Some Countrey & Says that the 
  aforesaid Creek is rapid muddey and running ¬ This Creek which is at 
  10 or 12 from its mouth, within 300 yds of the river is at least 16 foot 
  Lower than the river ¬ The high Lands from our Camp in this Bald Pated 
  Prarie bears N 25° W# up the R# 
  = 
  The Common Current taken with a Log runs 50 fathen in 40"Some places much 
  Swifter in 30" and even 20 Seconds of time ¬ five Deer killed to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0139-1804-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 18th Wednesday a fair morning the river falling fast, Set out at 
  Sunrise under a gentle Breeze from S# E by S# at 3 miles passed the head 
  of the Island on L# S# called by the French Chauve or bald pate (1) opsd# 
  the middle of this Island the Creek on L# S# is within 300 yds# of the 
  river. back of this Island the lower point of (2) another Island in the 
  bend to the L# S# passed large Sand bar making out from each point with 
  many channels passing through them, "Current runs 50 fathm. in 41 Seconds" 
  but little timber on either Side of the river, except the Isds# & 
  points which are low wet & Covered with lofty trees, Cotton wood 
  Mulberry Elm &c# &c# passed the head of a long Island in high 
  water at this time no water passes thro the Channel (3) opposit the Lower 
  point of a Island on the L# S# pass the Island and opsd# the point (4) 
  above & on the L# S# the hills come to the river, This Hill has Sliped 
  into the river for about 3/4 of a mile, and leaves a Bluff of considerable 
  hight back of it this Hill is about 200 foot high compsd# of Sand Stone 
  inter mingled with Iron ore of an inferior quallity on a bed of Soft Slate 
  Stone. 
  = 
  We passed a verry bad Sand bar (4) a little above the hill and incmpd on 
  the L# S# opposit a Small Island in the river, Saw a Dog this evening 
  appeared to be nearly Starved to death, he must have been left by Some 
  party of Hunters we gave him Some meet, he would not come near, G Drewrer 
  brought in 2 Deer this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0140-1804-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 18th Wednesday 1804 a fair morning the river falling fast Set out 
  this morning at Sun rise under a Gentle Breeze from the S# E# by S# 
  passing over the Prarie, at about 3 Miles we passed the head of the Island 
  L# S# Called by the French Chaube or Bald pate opposit the middle of (1) 
  This Island the Creek on the S# S# is nearest the river, In high water an 
  Island is formed in the bind above the last (2) Measured the Current and 
  found that in forty one Seconds it run yo fathoms but little timber is to 
  be Seen except in the Low points on Islands & on Creeks, the Groth of 
  timber is generally cotton Mulberry Elm Sycomore &c &c# passed a 
  Island on the 2d point to the S# S# opposite the water (3) whin high 
  passes out in the Plain oppsid this Island on the L# S# the hills jut to 
  the river (4) this Hill has Sliped from the top which forms a Bluff above 
  & 200 foot above the water, about 3/4 of a mile in length & about 
  200 feet in Depth has Sliped into the river it is Composed of Sand Stone 
  intermixed with an indiffert. Iron ore near the bottom or next to the 
  water is a Soft Slate Stone, Som pebble is also intermixt, we passed a 
  verry bad Sand bar and incamped on the L# S# at the lower point of the 
  oven Islands & opposit the Prarie Calld. by the french Four le Tourtue 
  Saw a Dog nearly Starved on the bank, gave him Som meet, he would not 
  follow, our hunters killed 2 Deer to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0141-1804-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 19th after breakfast which was on a rosted Ribs of a Deer a little 
  and a little Coffee I walked on Shore intending only to Keep up with the 
  Boat, Soon after I got on Shore, Saw Some fresh elk Sign, which I was 
  induced to prosue those animals by their track to the hills after 
  assending and passing thro a narrow Strip of wood Land, Came Suddenly into 
  an open and bound less Prarie, I Say bound less because I could not See 
  the extent of the plain in any Derection, the timber appeared to be 
  confined to the River Creeks & Small branches, this Prarie was Covered 
  with grass about 18 Inches or 2 feat high and contained little of any 
  thing else, except as before mentioned on the River Creeks &c, This 
  prospect was So Sudden & entertaining that I forgot the object of my 
  prosute and turned my attention to the Variety which presented themselves 
  to my view after continueing on this rise for Some minits, I deturmined to 
  make my course to a line of woods to S# E# I found in this wood a butifull 
  Streem of running water, in prosuing it down Several others Joined it and 
  at 3 miles fell into the river between 2 clifts, I went up & under one 
  clift of dark rich Clay for 1/2 me# above this a Clay bank which had 
  Sliped in here I found Sand Stone Containing Iron ore, this ore appears to 
  be inbeded under the Clay just above the water 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0142-1804-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 19th Thursday 1804 Set out early pass between 2 Islands one in mid. 
  & the other L# S# opsd# wher Prarie aproaches the river S# S# This 
  place is called the Bakers oven or in french Four le Tour tere passd# Some 
  highlands 41/2 ms# above the Isds# on the L# S# forming a Clift to the 
  river of yellow earth, on the top a Prarie, passd# many a bad Sand bar in 
  this distance, & the river wide & Shallow, above this Clift 2 
  Small butiffull runs Come from the Plains & fall into the river, a 
  Deer lick on the first, above those two Creeks, I found in my walk on 
  Shore Some ore in a bank which had Sliped in to the river 3/4 me# above 
  the Creeks, I took a cerequite around & found that those two runs 
  mentioned contained a good proposion of wood Surrounded by a plain, with 
  grass about 18 Inchs. high, (Capt Lewis walked on Shore after Dinner) in 
  the first bind to the right above those Runs passed a Small Island opsd# 
  is a Sand bar I call this Island Butter Island, as at this place we mad 
  use of the last of our butter, as we approach this Great River Platt the 
  Sand bars are much more noumerous than they were, and the quick & 
  roleing Sands much more danjerous, where the Praries aproach the river it 
  is verry wide, the banks of those Plains being much easier to undermine 
  and fall than the wood land passed (4) a willow Island Situated near the 
  middle of the river, a Sand bar on the S# S# and a Deep bend to the L S# 
  camped on the right Side of the Willow Island W# Bratten hunting on the L# 
  S Swam to the Island. Hunters Drewyer killed 2 Deer, Saw great numbers of 
  young gees. The river Still falling a little Sand bars thick always in 
  view. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0143-1804-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 19th, Thursday 1804 Set out early passed between two Small Islands, 
  one in the middle of the river, the other Close on the L S# opposit a 
  prarie S# S# Called (1) by the french Four le tourtre, The Bakers oven 
  Islands, passed (2) Some high Clift 41/2 miles above the Islands on the L# 
  S# of yellow earth passed Several Sand bars that were wide and at one 
  place verry Shallow (two Small butifull runs falls into the river near 
  each other at this Clift, a Deer Lick 200 yards up the Lowest of those 
  runs) Those runs head at no great distance in the plains and pass thro of 
  timber to the river. In my walk on Shore I found Some ore in the bank 
  above those runs which I take to be Iron ore (3) at this place the Side of 
  the hill has Sliped about half way into the river for 3/4 of a Mile 
  forming a Clift from the top of the hill above. In the first bend to the 
  right passed a Small Island a Sand bar opposit, ¬ worthey of remark as 
  we approach this great River Plate the Sand bars much more numerous and 
  the quick or moveing Sands much worst than they were below at the places 
  where Praries approach the river it is verry wide those places being much 
  easier to wash & under Mine than the wood Land's. (4) passed a Willow 
  Isd# Situated near the Middle of the river and a large Sand makeing out 
  from the S# S# a Deep bend to the L S# we Camped at the head of this 
  Island on the Starboard Side of it, Hunters Killed Two Deer. Saw great 
  numbers of young Gees River falling a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0144-1804-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 20th Friday 1804, a fog this morning and verry Cool George Drewyer 
  Sick proceed on over a Sand bar, Bratten Swam the river to get his gun 
  & Clothes left last night psd a large willow Isd# on the L# S# (1) 
  passed the mouth of l'Eau que pleure the English of which is the water 
  which Cry's this Creek is about 20 yards wide falls into the river above a 
  Gift of brown Clay L# S# opposit a willow Island, at this Creek I went on 
  Shore took R Fields with me and went up this Creek Several miles & 
  crossed thro the plains to the river above with the view of finding Elk, 
  we walked all day through those praries without Seeing any, I killed an 
  emence large yellow Wolf The Countrey throu which we walked after leaveing 
  the Creek was good land covered with Grass interspersed with Groves & 
  Scattering timber near and about the heads of Branches one of them without 
  Suckcess, Camped above the bar on the L# S# a verry agreeable Breeze all 
  night Serjt# Pryor & Jo# Fields brought in two Deer river Still 
  falling. a large Spring 3/4 me# below camp 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0145-1804-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 20th, Friday 1804 a cool morning passed a large willow Island (1) on 
  the S# S# and the mouth of Creek about 25 yds# wide on the L# S# Called by 
  the french l'Eue~que pleure, or the the Water Which Cry's this Creek falls 
  into the river above a Clift of brown Clay opposit the Willow Island, I 
  went out above the mouth of this Creek and walked the greater part of the 
  day thro Plains interspesed with Small Groves of Timber on the branches 
  and Some Scattering trees about the heads of the runs, I Killed a Verry 
  large yellow wolf, The Soil of Those Praries appears rich but much Parched 
  with the frequent fires ¬ " after I returned to the Boat we proceeded around 
  a large Sand bar makeing out from the L# S# opsd# a fountain of water 
  comeing out of a hill L# S# and affording water Suffient to turn a mill 
  = 
  The Praries as far as I was out appeared to be well watered, with Small 
  Streems of running water Serjt# Pryor & Jo# Fields brought in two Deer 
  this evening ¬ a verry Pleasent Breeze from the N# W# all night ¬ river 
  falling a little, It is wothey of observation to mention that our party 
  has been much healthier on the Voyage than parties of the Same Number is 
  in any other Situation Turners have been troublesom to them all 
  = 
  From this evenings incampment a man may walk to the Pane Village on the S 
  bank of the Platt River in two days, and to the Otteaus in one day all 
  those Indians are Situated on the South bank of the Plate River, as those 
  Indians are now out in the praries following & Hunting the buffalow, I 
  fear we will not See them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0146-1804-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  July 21, 1804 by a boiling motion or ebolition of it's waters occasioned 
  no doubt by the roling and irregular motion of the sand of which its bed 
  is entirely composed. the particles of this sand being remarkably small 
  and light it is easily boied up and is hurried by this impetuous torrent 
  in large masses from place to place in with irristable forse, collecting 
  and forming sandbars in the course of a few hours which as suddingly 
  disapated to form others and give place perhaps to the deepest channel of 
  the river. where it enters the Missouri it's superior force changes and 
  directs the courant of that river against it's northern bank where it is 
  compressed within a channel less than one third of the width it had just 
  before occupyed. it dose not furnish the missouri with it's colouring 
  matter as has been asserted by some, but it throws into it immence 
  quantities of sand and gives a celerity to it's courant of which it abates 
  but little untill it's junction with the Mississippy. the water of this 
  river is turbid at all seasons of the year but is by no means as much so 
  as that of the Missourie. The sediment it deposits, consists of very fine 
  particles of white sand while that of the Missoury is composed principally 
  of a dark rich loam in much greater quantity 
  = 
  21st July from the experiments and observations we were enabled to make 
  with rispect to the comparative velocities of the courants of the rivers 
  Mississippi Missouri and Plat it results that a vessel will float in the 
  Mississippi below the entrance of the Missouri at the rate of four miles 
  an hour. in the Missouri from it's junction with the Mississsippi to the 
  entrance of the Osage river from 51/2 to 6 from thence to the mouth of the 
  Kanzas from 61/2 to 7. from thence to the Platte 51/2 while the Plat is at 
  least 8. The Missouri above the junction of the river plat is equal 
  to about 31/2 miles an hour as far as the mouth of the Chyenne where its 
  courant still abates and becomes equal to about three miles an hour from 
  information it dose not increase it's volocity for 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0147-1804-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 21st Satturday, Set out verry early and a Gentle Breeze from the S# E 
  proceeded on very well, passed a (1) Willow Island L# S# opsd# a bad Sand 
  bar passed Some high land covered with Timber, in this Hill is Semented 
  rock & Limestone the water runs out and forms Several little Islands 
  in (2) high water on the S# S# a large Sand bar on the S# S# above and 
  opposit the wooded High Land, at about 7 oClock the wind Seased and it 
  Commenced raining passed many Sand bars opposit or in the Mouth of the 
  Great River Plate this river which is much more rapid than the Missourie 
  has thrown out imence quantities of Sand forming large Sand Banks at its 
  mouth and forced the Missourie Close under the S# S# the Sands of this 
  river Comes roleing down with the Current which is Crowded with Sand bars 
  and not 5 feet water at any place across its mouth, the Rapidity of the 
  Current of this river which is greater than that of the Missourie, its 
  width at the Mouth across the bars is about 3/4 of a mile, higher up I am 
  told by one of the bowmen that he was 2 winters on this river above and 
  that it does not rise 7 feet, but Spreds over 3 miles at Some places, Capt 
  Lewis & my Self went up Some Distance & Crossed found it Shallow. 
  This river does not rise over 6 or 7 feet 
  = 
  Proceeded on passed the mouth of Papillion or Butter fly Creek 3 miles on 
  the L# S# a large Sand bar opposit on that Side Camped above this baron L# 
  S# a great number of wolves about us all night R# Fields killed a Deer 
  hard wind N# W# cold 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0148-1804-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 21st, Satturday 1804 Set out early under a gentle breeze from the S# 
  E# proceeded on verry well, passed (1) a willow Island on the L# S# 
  opposit a bad Sand bar, Some high lands covered with timber L# S in this 
  hill is limestone & Seminted rock of Shels &c# (2) in high water 
  the opposit Side is cut thro by Several Small Channels, forming Small 
  Islands, a large Sand bar opposit the Hill at 7 oClock the wind luled and 
  it Commnc'd raining, arrived at the lower Mouth of the Great River Platt 
  at 10 oClock (about 3 ms# above the Hill of wood land, the Same range of 
  High land Continus within 3/4 of a mile of the mouth below) This Great 
  river being much more rapid than the Missourie forces its current against 
  the opposit Shore, The Current of This river Comes with great Velocity 
  roleing its Sands into the Missouri, filling up its Bend & Compelling 
  it to incroach on the S Shore ¬ we found great dificuelty in passing 
  around the Sand at the mouth of this River Capt Lewis and My Self with 6 
  men in a perogue went up this Great river Plate about 1 miles, found the 
  Current verry rapid roleing over Sands, passing through different Channels 
  none of them more than five or Six feet deep, about 600 yards Wide at the 
  mouth ¬ I am told by one of our Party who wintered two winters on This 
  river that "it is much wider above, and does not rise more than five or 
  Six feet" Spreds verry and from its rapidity & roleing Sands Cannot be 
  navagated with Boats or Perogues ¬ The Indians pass this river in Skin 
  Boats which is flat and will not turn over. The Otteaus a Small nation 
  reside on the South Side 10 Leagues up, the Panies on the Same Side 5 
  Leagus higher up ¬ about 10 Leagus up this river on the S# Side a 
  Small river Comes into the Platt Called Salt River, "The waters So 
  brackish that it Can't be Drank at Some Seasons" above this river & on 
  the North Side a Small river falls into the Platt Called Elk River This 
  river runs Parralal withe the Missouri ¬ at 3 miles passed a Small 
  river on the L# S# Called Papillion or Butterfly C# 18 yds# wide a large 
  Sand bar off the mouth, we proceeded on to get to a good place to Camp and 
  Delay a fiew days, passed around this Sand bar and Came to for the night 
  on the L# S# a verry hard wind from the N# W# I went on Shore S# S# and 
  proceeded up one mile thro high Bottom land open a Great number of wolves 
  about us this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0149-1804-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 22nd Sunday Set out verry early with a view of getting Some timbered 
  land & a good Situation to take equil altitudes in time proceeded on 
  nearly a North 15° W 7 ms# to a pt# S# S# opposit Some high Lands on L# S# 
  above the upper point of a long willow Island in the middle of the river 6 
  Deer killed to Day we deturmined to Stay here 4 or 5 days to take & 
  make obsvts. & refresh our men also to Send Despatches back to 
  govement ¬ Wind hard N# W# Cold 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0150-1804-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of July 1804 Completlly arranged our Camp, posted two Sentinals So as 
  to Completely guard the Camp, formd bowers for the min &c# &#. Course 
  from R Plate N 15° W# 10 Ms# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0151-1804-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 22nd, Sunday 1804 Set out verry early with a view of Getting to Some 
  Situation above in time to take equal altitudes and take Observations, as 
  well as one Calculated to make our party Comfortabl in a Situation where 
  they Could recive the benifit of a Shade ¬ passed a large Sand bar 
  opposit a Small river on the L# S# at 3 miles above Plate Called Papillion 
  or Butterfly Creek a Sand bar & an Willow Island opposit a Creek 9 ms# 
  above the Plate on the S# S# Called Mosquitos Creek Prarie on both Sides 
  of the river. Came too and formed a Camp on the S# S# above a Small Willow 
  Island, and opposit the first Hill which aproach the river on the L# S# 
  and covered with timbers of Oake Walnut Elm &c# &#. This being a 
  good Situation and much nearer the Otteaus town than the Mouth of the 
  Platt, we concluded to delay at this place a fiew days and Send for Some 
  of the Chiefs of that nation to let them Know of the Change of Government, 
  The wishes of our Government to Cultivate friendship with them, the 
  Objects of our journy and to present them with a flag and Some Small 
  presents 
  = 
  Some of our Provisions in the French Perogue being wet it became necessary 
  to Dry them a fiew days ¬ Wind hard from N W# five Deer Killed to day ¬ The 
  river rise a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0152-1804-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  July 22nd 1804. A summary discription of the apparatus employed in the 
  following observations; containing also some remarks on the manner in 
  which they have been employed, and the method observed in recording the 
  observations made with them. 
  = 
  1st ¬ a brass Sextant of 10 Inches radius, graduated to 15 which by 
  the assistance of the nonius was devisible to 15"; and half of this sum by 
  means of the micrometer could readily be distinguished, therefore ¬ 7.5" of 
  an angle was perceptible with this instrument; she was also furnished with 
  three eye~pieces, consisting of a hollow tube and two telescopes one of 
  which last reversed the images of observed objects. finding on experiment 
  that the reversing telescope when employed as the eye~piece gave me a more 
  full and perfect image than either of the others, I have most generally 
  imployed it in all the observations made with this instrument; when thus 
  prepared I found from a series of observations that the quantity of her 
  index error was 8' 45"; this sum is therefore considered as the standing 
  error of the instrument unless otherwise expressly mentioned. the 
  altitudes of all objects, observed as well with this instrument as with 
  the Octant were by means of a reflecting surface; and those stated to have 
  been taken with the sextant are the degrees, minutes, &c shewn by the 
  graduated limb of the instrument at the time of observation and are of 
  course the double altitudes of the objects observed. 
  = 
  2ed ¬ A common Octant of 14 Inches radius, graduated to 20', which by 
  means of the nonius was devisbile to 1', half of this sum, or 30" was 
  perceptible by means of a micrometer. this instrument was prepared for 
  both the fore and back observation; her error in the fore observation is 
  2°+, & and in the back observtion 2° r 1' 40.3" + at the time of our 
  departure from the River Dubois untill the present moment, the sun's 
  altitude at noon has been too great to be reached with my sextant, for 
  this purpose I have therefore employed the Octant by the back observation. 
  the degrees ' & ", recorded for the sun's altitude by the back 
  observation express only the angle given by the graduated limb of the 
  instrument at the time of observation, and are the complyment of the 
  double Altitude of the sun's observed limb; if therefore the angle 
  recorded be taken from 180° the remainder will be the double altitude of 
  the observed object, or that which would be given by the fore observation 
  with a reflecting surface. 
  = 
  3rd ¬ An Artificial Horizon on the construction recommended and 
  practiced by Mr# Andrw. Ellicott of Lancaster, Pensyla#, in which water is 
  used as the reflecting surface; believing this artificial Horizon liable 
  to less error than any other in my possession, I have uniformly used it 
  when the object observed was sufficiently bright to reflect a distinct 
  immage; but as much light is lost by reflection from water I found it 
  inconvenient in most cases to take the altitude of the moon with this 
  horizon, and that of a star impracticable with any degree of accuracy. 
  = 
  4th ¬ An Artificial Horizon constructed in the manner recommended by 
  Mr# Patterson of Philadelphia; glass is here used as the reflecting 
  surface. this horizon consists of a glass plane with a single reflecting 
  surface, cemented to the flat side of the larger segment of a wooden ball; 
  adjusted by means of a sperit~level and a triangular stand with a 
  triangular mortice cut through it's center sufficiently large to admit of 
  the wooden ball partially; the stand rests on three screws inserted near 
  it's angles, which serve as feet for it to rest on while they assist also 
  in the adjustment. this horizon I have employed in taking the altitude of 
  the sun when his image he has been reather too dull for a perfect 
  reflection from water; I have used it generally in taking the altitude of 
  the moon, and in some cases of the stars also; it gives the moon's image 
  very perfectly, and when carefully adjusted I consider it as liable to but 
  little error. 
  = 
  5th ¬ An Artificial Horizon formed of the index specula of a Sextant 
  cemented to a flat board; adjusted by means of a sperit level and the 
  triangular stand before discribed. as this glass reflects from both 
  surfaces it gives the images of all objects much more bright than either 
  of the other horizons; I have therefore most generally employed it in 
  observing the altitudes of stars 
  = 
  6th ¬ A Chronometer; her ballance~wheel and escapement were on the 
  most improved construction. she rested on her back, in a small case 
  prepared for her, suspended by an universal joint. she was carefully wound 
  up every day at twelve oclock. Her rate of going as asscertained by a 
  series of observations made by myself for that purpose was found to be 15 
  Seconds and a 5 tenths of a second too slow in twenty four howers on Mean 
  Solar time. This is nearly the same result as that found by Mr# Andrew 
  Ellicott who was so obliging as to examine her rate of going for the space 
  of fourteen days, in the summer 1803. her rate of going as ascertained by 
  that gentleman was 15.6 s too slow M# T# in 24 h. and that she went from 3 
  to 4 s. slower the last 12 h, than she did the first 12 h. after being 
  wound up. 
  = 
  at 12 OCk# on the 14th day of may 1804 (being the day on which the 
  detachment left the mouth of the River Dubois) the Chronometer was too 
  fast M# T# 6 m# 32 s. & 2/10. This time~piece was regulated on 
  meantime, and the time entered in the following observations is that shewn 
  by her at the place of observation. the day is recconed on Civil time, (i 
  e) commencing at midnight. 
  = 
  7th ¬ A Circumferentor, circle 6 Inches diameter, on the common 
  construction; by means of this instrument adjusted with the sperit level, 
  I have taken the magnetic azimuth of the sun and pole Star. It has also 
  been employed in taking the traverse of the river: from the courses 
  thus obtained, together with the distances estimated from point to point, 
  the chart of the Missouri has been formed which now accompanys these 
  observations. the several points of observation are marked with a cross of 
  red ink, and numbered in such manner as to correspond with the celestial 
  observations made at those points respectively. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0153-1804-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Camp 10 Ms# above the river Plate Monday July the 23rd a fair morning ¬ Sent 
  out a party of 5 men to look to timber for Ores two other parties to hunt 
  at 11 oClock Sent, G# Drewyer & Peter Crusett 1/2 Indn. to the Otteaus 
  Village about 18 ms# West of our Camp, to invite the Chiefs & 
  principal men of that nation to come & talk with us &# &#, 
  also the panic if they Should meet with any of that nation (also on the S# 
  Side of the Plate 30 ms# higher up) (at this Season of the year all the 
  Indians in this quater are in the Plains hunting the Buffalow from Some 
  Signs Seen by our hunter and the Praries being on fire in the derection of 
  the Village induce a belief that the Nation have returned to get green 
  Corn) raised a flag Staff put out Some provisions which got wet in the 
  french Perogue to Sun & Dry ¬ I commenced Coppying my map of the 
  river to Send to the Presdt# of U S# by the Return of a pty of Soldiers, 
  from Illinois five Deer Killed ¬ one man a bad riseing on his left 
  breast. Wind from the N# W# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0154-1804-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Camp White Catfish 10 Miles above the Platt River Monday the 23rd of July 
  1804 A fair morning Set a party to look for timber for Ores, two parties 
  to hunt. at 11 oClock Sent off George Drewyer & Peter Crousett with 
  Some tobacco to invite the Otteaus if at their town and Panies if they Saw 
  them to Come and talk with us at our Camp &c# &c# (at this Season 
  the Indians on this river are in the Praries Hunting the Buffalow but from 
  Some Signs of hunters near this place & the Plains being on fire near 
  their towns induce a belief that they this nation have returned to get 
  Some Green Corn or rosting Ears) raised a flag Staff Sund & Dryed our 
  provisions &c# I commence Coppying a map of the river below to Send to 
  the P#  ¿¿  U S five Deer Killed to day one man with a turner on his 
  breast, Prepared our Camp the men put their arms in order 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Wind hard this afternoon from the N# W# 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Equal altitudes taken at the White Catfish Camp, 10 miles above the river 
  Platt ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0155-1804-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  White Catfish Camp 24th of July Tuesday. a fair morning the wind rose with 
  the Sun & blows hard from the S# thos Southerley Breezes are dry Cool 
  & refreshing. the Northerley Breezes which is more frequent is much 
  Cooler, and moist, I continue my Drawing. Cap Lewis also ingaged 
  prepareing Som paper to Send back, one of the men cought a white Catfish, 
  the eyes Small, & Tale resembling that of a Dolfin. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0156-1804-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  White Catfish Camp 10 Ms# above Platt 24th, of July 1804 Tuesday a fair 
  day the wind blows hard from the South, the Breezes which are verry 
  frequent on this part of the Missouri is cool and refreshing. Several 
  hunters out to day; but as the game of all Kinds are Scarce only two Deer 
  were brought in ¬ I am much engaged drawing off a map, Capt# Lewis 
  also much engaged in prepareing Papers to Send back by a pirogue ¬ Which 
  we intended to Send back from the river Plate ¬ observations at this 
  place makes the Lattitude 41° 3' 19" North 
  = 
  This evening Guthrege Cought a white Catfish, its eyes Small & tale 
  much like that of a Dolfin 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0157-1804-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  White Catfish Camp 25th of July Wednesday. Several hunters Sent out. at 2 
  oClock the Two men Sent to the Otteaz Village returned and informed that 
  no Indians were at the Town they Saw Some fresh Sign near that place which 
  they persued, but Could not find them, they having taken precausions to 
  Conceal the rout which they went out from the Villagethe Inds# of the 
  Missouries being at war with one & the other or other Indians, move in 
  large bodies and Sometimes the whole nation Continue to Camp together on 
  their hunting pls. Those men inform that they passed thro a open Plain all 
  the way to the Town a feiw Trees excepted on the watercourses ¬ they 
  Cross the papillion or the Butterfly Creek within a feiw miles of Camp and 
  near the Village a handsm. river of 100 yards Wide Called the Corne de 
  chearf or the Elkhorn, which mouths below the Town in the Plate N# Side. 
  Wind from the S# E# 2 Deer & a Turkey Killed to Day Several Grous Seen 
  in the Prarie 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0158-1804-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  White Catfish Camp 25th of July Wednesday a fair morning Several hunters 
  out today at 2 oClock Drewyer & Peter returned from the Otteaus 
  Village; and informs that no Indians were at their towns, They Saw Some 
  fresh Signs of a Small party but Could not find them. in their rout to the 
  Towns (Which is about 18 miles West) they passed thro a open Prarie 
  Crossed papillion or Butterfly Creek and a Small butifull river which run 
  into the Platt a little below the Town Called Corne de charf or Elk Horn 
  river this river is about 100 yards wide with Clear water & a gravely 
  Channel. wind from the S# E two Deer Killed to day 1 Turkey Several 
  Grous Seen to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0159-1804-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Whit Catfish Camp 26th of July Thursday. the wind blew Verry hard all Day 
  from the South with Clouds of Sand which incomoded me verry much in my 
  tent, and as I could not Draw in the Boat was obliged Combat with the 
  Misqutr. under a Shade in the woods. I opened the Breast of a man the 
  discharge gave him ease &c# 5 beaver Caught near Camp ¬ only 1 Deer 
  Killed to day. The Countrey back from Camp on the S# S# is a bottom of 
  about 5 ms# wide one half the Distn. timber, the other high bottom Prarie, 
  the opsd# Side a high Hill about 170 foot rock foundatio. Timbered back 
  & below. a Prarie 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0160-1804-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Catfish which is White Camp 26th of July Thursday 1804 the wind blustering 
  and hard from the South all day which blowed the Clouds of Sand in Such a 
  manner that I could not complete my pan in the tent, the Boat roled in 
  Such a manner that I could do nothing in that, I was Compessed to go to 
  the woods and Combat with the Musqutors, I opened the Turner of a man on 
  the left breast, which discharged half a point. 
  = 
  five Beever Cought near this Camp the flesh of which we made use of ¬  This 
  evening we found verry pleasent ¬ only one Deer Killed to day. The 
  Countrey back from Camp on the S# S# is a bottom of about five mile wide, 
  one half the distance wood & the ball. plain high & Dry. the 
  opposed Side a high Hill about 170 foot rock foundation, Covd. with 
  timber, back & below is a Plain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0161-1804-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  white Catfish Camp July 27th Friday, Charged the Boat and Perogue after a 
  Small Shower of rain, Completed our ores & poles, Crossed over the two 
  horses, with a View of their going on the S W# Side of the Missouri and 
  Set out at Half past 1 oClock proceeded on Verry well under a gentle 
  Breeze. passed a high Island of high wood land on the L# Side just above 
  Camp, this Island is formed by a pond Supplied by a great number of 
  Springs from this hill, this Pond has 2 out lets, & when the river is 
  high the water passes thro the pond, passed a Sand Island in the 2nd bend 
  to the right. Camped in a bend to the L# S# in Some wood, I took R# Fields 
  & walked on Shore & Killed a Deer, and did not get to the Boat 
  untile after night a butifull Breeze from the N W# this evening which 
  would have been verry agreeable, had the Misquiters been tolerably 
  Pacifick, but thy were rageing all night, Some about the Sise of house 
  flais 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0162-1804-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  White Catfish Camp 10 ms above Platt 27th of July Friday, a Small Shower 
  of rain this morning, at 10 oClock Commence Loading the Boat & 
  perogue; had all the Ores Completely fixed; Swam over the two remaining 
  horses to the L# S# with the view of the Hunters going on that Side, after 
  Getting everry thing Complete, we Set Sale under a gentle breeze from the 
  South and proceeded on, passed a Island (formd by a Pond fed by Springs) 
  on the L# S# of high Land Covered with timber, in the 2nd bend to the 
  right a large Sand Island in the river a high Prarie on the S# S#. as we 
  were Setting out to day one man Killed a Buck & another Cut his Knee 
  verry bad Camped in a Bend to the L# Side in a Coops of Trees, a verry 
  agreeable Breeze from the N W# this evening. I Killed a Deer in the Prarie 
  and found the Misquitors So thick & troublesom that it was 
  disagreeable and painfull to Continue a moment Still. 
  = 
  I took one man R# Fields and walked on Shore with a View of examoning Som 
  mounds on the L# S# of the river ¬ those mounds I found to be of 
  Deffirent hight Shape & Size, Some Composed of Sand Some earth & 
  Sand, the highest next to the river all of which covered about 200 acres 
  of land, in a circular form on the Side from the river a low bottom & 
  Small Pond. The Otteaus formerly lived here I did not get to the boat 
  untile after night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0163-1804-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 28th Satturday Set out this morning early, the wind blou from the N# 
  W# by N# a Dark Smokey Morning, Some rain at 1 me# passed a Bluff on the 
  S# S# it being the first high land approachig the river above the Nodaway, 
  a Island and Creek S# S# just abov this creek I call Indian Knob G# 
  Drewyer Came with a Deer &informs he heard fireing to the S# W# I 
  walked on Shore on the S# S# found some good Prarie out from the S# pt# 
  The High Lands approach the river 1st bend to left The party on Shore 
  brought in a Missouri Indian who resides with the Otteauz, this Indian 
  & 2 others were Hunting in the Prarie their Camp is about 4 miles off. 
  This Indian informs that his nation is in the Plains hunting the Buffalow, 
  the party with which he is encamped is about 20 familey Hunting the Elk, 
  we landed on S# S# below an Island 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0164-1804-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 28th, Satturday 1804 Set out this morning early, the wind from 
  the N W# by N# a Dark Smokey morning Some rain passed at 1 me# a Bluff on 
  the S# S# the first high land above the Nodaway aproaching the river on 
  that Side a Island and Creek 15 yds# wide on the S# S# above this Bluff, 
  as this Creek has no name call it Indian Knob Creek our party on Shore 
  Came to the river and informs that they heard fireing to the S W# below 
  this High Land on the S# S# the Aiawuay Indians formerly lived, The flank 
  came in & informed they heard two Guns to the S# W# the highland 
  approaches in the 1st bend to the left, we camped on the S# S# below the 
  point of an Island, G Drewyer brought in a Missourie Indian which he met 
  with hunting in the Prarie This Indian is one of the fiew remaining of 
  that nation, & lives with the Otteauz, his Camp about 4 miles from the 
  river, he informs that the great gangue of the nation were hunting the 
  Buffalow in the Plains. hs party was Small Consisting only of about 20 
  Lodges,  ¿¿  miles furthr a nother Camp where there was a french man, who 
  lived in the nation, This Indian appeard spritely, and appeared to make 
  use of the Same pronouncation of the Osarge, Calling a Chief Inca July 
  29th SundayWe Sent one frenchman le Liberty & the Indian to the Camp 
  to envite the party to meet us at the next bend of High Land on the L# S# 
  a Dark morning wind from the W# N# W# rained all last night Set out at 5 
  oClock &, proceeded on passed the Island, opposit this Island on the 
  S# S# the Creek called Indian Knob Creek which mouths Several miles on a 
  Direct line below, is within 20 feet of the Missouri & about 5 feet 
  higher 
  = 
  Cought three large Cat fish to day verry fat one of them nearly white 
  those Cat are So plenty that they may be Cought in any part of this river 
  but fiew fish of any other Kind. 
  = 
   (4) at the commencement of this course passed much fallen timber 
  apparently the ravages of a dreadful haricane which had passed obliquely 
  across the river from N# W# to S# E# about twelve months since. many trees 
  were broken off near the ground the trunks of which were sound and four 
  feet in diameter. 
  = 
  Willard lost his gun in Bowyers R# R# Fields Dive & brought it up All 
  the Wood Land on this part of the Missouries Appear to be Confined to the 
  Points & Islands. 
  = 
  Boyers River is provably 25 yds# Wide, Willard near loseing his Gun in 
  this river, two men Sick & Sevral with Boils, a Cold Day Wind from the 
  N W# Som rain the fore part of the Day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0165-1804-07-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 29th Sunday 1804 Sent a french man la Liberty with the Indian to 
  Otteaze Camp to invite the Indians to meet us on the river above ¬ a 
  Dark rainey morning wind from the W# N# W# ¬ rained all the last night ¬ Set 
  out at 5 oClock opposit the (1) Island, the bend to the right or S# S# is 
  within 20 feet of Indian Knob Creek, the water of this Creek is 5 feet 
  higher than that of the River. passed the Isld# we Stoped to Dine under 
  Some high Trees near the high land on the L# S# in a fiew minits Cought 
  three verry large Catfish (3) one nearly white, Those fish are in great 
  plenty on the Sides of the river and verry fat, a quart of Oile Came out 
  of the Surpolous fat of one of these fish (4) above this high land & 
  on the S# S# passed much falling timber apparently the ravages of a 
  Dreadfull harican which had passed obliquely across the river from N# W# 
  to S E about twelve months Since, many trees were broken off near the 
  ground the trunks of which were Sound and four feet in Diameter, (2) about 
  3/4 of a Me# above the Island on the S# S# a Creek corns in Called Boyers 
  R# this Creek is 25 yards wide, one man in attempting to Cross this Creek 
  on a log let his gun fall in, R# Fields Dived & brought it up 
  proceeded on to a Point on the S# S# and Camped. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0166-1804-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July the 30th Monday Set out early & proceeded on West 33/4 mes# 
  passd# one pt# to the L# S and one to the S# S# to a Clear open Prarie on 
  the L# S# which is on a rise of about 70 feet higher than the bottom which 
  is also a prarie covered with high grass Plumbs Grape Vine & 
  Hezel both forming a Bluff to the River, the Lower Prarie is above high 
  water mark at the foot of the riseing ground & below the High Bluff we 
  came to in a grove of timber and formed a Camp raised a flag Pole, and 
  deturmind to waite for the Ottu Indians ¬ The white Horse which we 
  found below Died last night, after posting out the Guards &c# &#. 
  Sent out 4 men to hunt I am ingaged in  ¿¿  and Drawing off my courses to 
  accompany the map Drawn at White Catfish Camp, Capt# Lewis and my Self 
  walked in the Prarie on the top of the Bluff and observed the most 
  butifull prospects imagionable, this Prarie is Covered with grass about 10 
  or 12 Inch high, (Land rich) rises about 1/2 a mile back Something higher 
  and is a Plain as fur as Can be Seen, under those high Lands next the 
  river is butifull Bottom interspersed with Groves of timber, the River may 
  be Seen for a great Distance both above & below meandering thro the 
  plains between two ranges of High land which appear to be from 4 to 20 ms# 
  apart, each bend of the river forming a point which Contains tall timber, 
  principally Willow Cotton wood some Mulberry elm Sycamore & ash. the 
  groves Contain walnit coffeenut & Oake in addition & Hickory & 
  Lynn Jo# Fields Killed Brarow or as the Ponie call it Cho car tooch, this 
  animale burrows in the ground & feeds on Bugs and flesh principally 
  the little Dogs of the Prarie, also Something of Vegetable Kind his Shape 
  & Size is like that of a Beever, his head Mouth &c# is like a Dog 
  with its ears Cut off, his tale and hair like that of a Ground hog 
  Something longer and lighter, his interals like a Hogs, his Skin thick 
  & loose, white & hair Short under its belly, of the Species of the 
  Bear, and it has a white Streake from its nose to its Sholders, the Toe 
  nails of its fore feet which is large is 1 Inch and 3/4 qtr. long and 
  those of his hind feet which is much Smaller is 3/4 long. We have this 
  animale Skined and Stuffed. Short legs, raseing himself just above the 
  ground when in motion Jo & R# fields Killed Som Deer at a Distance and 
  Came in for a horse to bring them in, they have not returned this evening, 
  a gred number of Swans in a pond above L# S# to our Camp. Serjt# Floyd 
  verry unwell a bad Cold &c# Several men with Boils, great qts# of 
  Catfish G# D# Cought one Small Beever alive. Som Turkey & Gees Killed 
  to day. arms & all things in order. a fair evining, and Cool. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0167-1804-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 30th Monday 1804 Set out this morning early proceeded on to a Clear 
  open Prarie on the L# S# on a rise of about 70 feet higher than the bottom 
  which is also a Prarie both forming Bluffs to the river of High Grass 
  & Plumb bush Grapes &c# and Situated above high water is a Small 
  Grove of timber at the foot of the Riseing Ground between those two 
  priraries, and below the Bluffs of the high Prarie we Came too and formed 
  a Camp, intending to waite the return of the french man & Indians ¬ the 
  white horse which we found near the Kanzeis River, Died Last night 
  = 
  posted out our guard and Sent out 4 men, Captn# Lewis & went up the 
  Bank and walked a Short Distance in the high Prarie. this Prairie is 
  covered with Grass of 10 or 12 inches in hight. Soil of good quallity 
  &, Still further back at the Distance of about a mile the Countrey 
  rises about 80 or 90 feet higher, and is one Continual Plain as fur as Can 
  be Seen, from the Bluff on the 2d rise imediately above our Camp the most 
  butifull prospect of the River up & Down and the Countrey opsd# 
  prosented it Self which I ever beheld; The River meandering the open and 
  butifull Plains, interspursed with Groves of timber, and each point 
  Covered with Tall timber, Such as willow Cotton Sun Mulberry, Elm, 
  Sucamore, Lynn & ash (The Groves Contain Hickory, Walnut, Coffeenut 
  & Oake in addition) 
  = 
  Two ranges of High Land parrelel to each other and from 4 to 10 miles 
  Distant between which the river & its bottoms are Contained. (from 70 
  to 300 feet high) 
  = 
  Joseph Fields Killed and brought in an Anamale Called by the French 
  Brarow, and by the Ponies Cho car tooch this Anamale Burrows in the Ground 
  and feeds on Flesh, (Prarie Dogs), Bugs, & vigatables ¬ "His Shape 
  & Size is like that of a Beaver, his head mouth &c# is like a Dogs 
  with Short Ears, his Tail and Hair like that of a Ground Hog, and longer, 
  and lighter. his Interals like the interals of a Hog," his Skin thick and 
  loose, his Belly is White and the Hair Short ¬ a white Streek from his 
  nose to his Sholders. 
  = 
  The toe nails of his fore feet is one Inch & 3/4 long, & feet 
  large; the nails of his hind feet 3/4 of an Inch long, the hind feet Small 
  and toes Crooked, his legs are Short and when he Moves Just Suffcent to 
  raise his body above the Ground He is of the Bear Species. we hav his Skin 
  Stuffed 
  = 
  Jo# & R# Fields did not return this evening, Several men with Verry 
  bad Boils ¬ Cat fish is Cought in any part of the river Turkeys Gees 
  & a Beaver Killed & Cought every thing in prime order men in high 
  Spirits. a fair Still evening Great no. misquitors this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0168-1804-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  July the 30th this day Joseph Fields killed a Braro as it is called by the 
  French engages. this is a singular anamal not common to any part of the 
  United States. it's weight is sixteen pounds. it is a carniverous 
  anamal. on both sides of the upper jaw is fexed one long and sharp canine 
  tooth. it's eye are small black and piercing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0169-1804-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 31st Tuesday a fair Day 3 hunters out this morning G# Drewyer Killed 
  a verry fat Buck one Inch fat on the ribs Merdn. altd Latd# is 41° 18' 0" 
  5/10 North. R & Jo# Fields returned at 10 oClock the Killed 3 Deer, 
  and lost the horses, Cought a Small Beever which is already taim, Several 
  men out hunting the horses without Sukcess, The Ottoes not yet arrived, I 
  complete the Copy of the Courses &c# &c# Musqueters verry 
  troubleson 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0170-1804-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  July 31st, Tuesday a fair Day three Hunters out, Took meridian altitude 
  made the Lattd. 41° 18' 1" 5/10 N# R# & Jo# Fields returned to Camp 
  They Killed 3 Deer. The Horses Strayed off last night. Drewyer 
  Killed a Buck one inch of fat on the ribs, R# & Jo# Fields returned 
  without any meet haveing been in persuit of the horses ¬ The Indians 
  not yet arrived. Cought a young Beever alive which is already quit tame. 
  Cought a Buffalow fish ¬ The evening verry Cool, The Musqutors are yet 
  troublesom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0171-1804-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August the 1st 1804 a fair morning, Sent out two men after the horses 
  & one back to examine if the Indians have been there,  ¿¿  Beever 
  Cought last night, the air is Cool and pleasing 
  = 
  Prepared the Pipe of Peace verry flashey. wind rose at 10 oClock and 
  blowed from the W# S# W# very pleasent all day Several men geathering 
  grapes &c# two men after the horses which Strayed the night before 
  last. those Praries produce the Blue Current Common in the U# S# the Goose 
  Berry Common in the U# S, two Kind of Honeysuckle, the Bush which I have 
  Seen in Kentucky, with a paile Pink flower, also one which grow in 
  Clusters about 4 or 5 feet high bearing a Short flour in clusters of the 
  like Colour. the leaves Single. 3 Deer & an Elk Killed to day. This 
  being my birth day I order'd a Saddle of fat Vennison, an Elk fleece & 
  a Bevertail to be cooked and a Desert of Cheries, Plumbs, Raspberries 
  Currents and grapes of a Supr# quallity. The Indians not yet arrived. a 
  Cool fine eveninge Musquetors verry troublesom, the Praries Contain 
  Cheres, Apple, Grapes, Currents, Rasp burry, Gooseberris Hastlenuts and a 
  great Variety of Plants & flours not Common to the U S# What a field 
  for a Botents and a natirless 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0172-1804-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August the 1st 1804 a fair morning Despatched two men after the horses 
  lost yesterday, one man back to the place from which the messinger was 
  Sent for the Ottoes to See if any Indians was or had been there Since our 
  deptr. he return'd and informed that no person had been there Sence we 
  left it. The Prarie which is Situated below our Camp is above the high 
  water leavel and rich Covered with Grass from 5 to 8 feet high 
  intersperced with Copse of Hazel, Plumbs, Currents (like those of the 
  U#S#) Rasberries & Grapes of Dift. Kinds. also produceing a Variety of 
  Plants and flowers not Common in the United States, two Kind of honey 
  Suckle one which grows to a kind of a Srub. Common about Harrods burgh in 
  Kentucky the other are not So large or tall and bears a flower in Clusters 
  Short and of a light Pink Colour, the leaves differ from any of the othe 
  Kind in as much as the Lieves are Distinkd & does not Surround the 
  Stalk as all the other Kind does one Elk and three Deer Killed to day also 
  two Beever Cought 
  = 
  The wind rose at 10 oClock from the W# S# W# and blew a Steedy and 
  agreeable Breeze all Day. 
  = 
  The Musqutors verry troublesom this evening in the bottoms. 
  = 
  Took equal altitudes to day and the azmuth with the Commencement of the 
  A#M# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0173-1804-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 2nd 1804 wind from the SE G# Drewery returned with the horses & 
  one Doe Elk the countrey thro which he passed is like what we See from the 
  Bluff above Camp three men out Hunting one Beaver caught this morning. 
  = 
  at Sunset 6 chiefs and their warries of the Ottos, and Missoures, with a 
  french man by the name of Far fonge, we Shook hands and gave them Some 
  Tobacco & Provisions, they Sent us Water Millions Three verry large 
  & fat Bucks Killed to day the wind Continue hard from the S# E# ¬  the 4 
  qtr. of one Buck weigh'd 147 wt 11/2 Inch fat on the ribs 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0174-1804-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 2nd Thursday 1804 A verry pleasent Breeze from the S# E# The Two 
  men Drewyer & Colter returned with the horses loaded with Elk, those 
  horses they found about 12 miles in a Southerly Derection from Camp. 
  = 
  The Countrey thro which they passed is Similar to what we See from Camp. 
  one Beaver & a foot of Beaver caught in trap Cought this morning at 
  Sunset Mr# Fairfong and a pt# of Otteau & Missourie Nation Came to 
  Camp, among those Indians 6 were Chiefs, the principal Chiefs Capt# Lewis 
  & myself met those Indians & informed them we were glad to See 
  them, and would Speak to them tomorrow, Sent them Som rosted meat Pork 
  flour & meal, in return they Sent us Water millions. every man on his 
  Guard & ready for any thing Three fat Bucks Killed this evening the 4 
  qtrs. of one weighed 147 lbs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0175-1804-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  August 2ed 1804. This day one of our Hunters brought me a white Heron. 
  this bird as an inhabitant of ponds and Marasses, and feeds upon tadpoles, 
  frogs, small fish &c ¬ they are common to the Mississipi and the 
  lower part of the ohio River, (ie) as high as the falls of that river. 
  = 
  this bird weighed two lbs. it's plumage is perfectly white and very 
  thin 
  = 
  {»} {|}F {|} I# 
  {»}from extremity of beak to the extremity of toe {|} 4 {|} 71/4  {???}
  {»}from tipp to tip of wing on the back {|} 4 {|} 11 {???}
  = 
  it's beak is yellow pointed, flated crosswise and 5 Inches in length from 
  the upper region of the bill to the eye is one inch in length, covered 
  with a smoth yellow skin the plumage of the head projecting towards the 
  upper bill and coming to a point a an Inch beyond the eyes on the center 
  of the upper bill. The mouth opens to distance of the eyes ¬ The eye 
  is full and projecting reather, it is 7/10 of half an inch. four joints in 
  the wing 
  = 
  Inches 1st joint from body in length 6 2ed Do. 81/4 3rd Do. 31/2 4th Do. 1 
  1st joint Number of feathers 7 Length of 3 2nd 18 6 3 6 from 10 to 12 4th 
  5 12 
  = 
  it's legs are black ¬ the neck and beak occupy 1/2 it's length. it has 
  four toes on a foot ¬ the outer toe on the right foot is from the 
  joining of the leg to extremity of toe nale 4 Inch & 1/4 has four 
  joints exclusive of the nail joint ¬ the next is 43/4 inches has three 
  joints exclusive of the nale joint. the next is 33/4 and has two joints, 
  the heel toe has one joint only and is 3 Inches in length. the nails are 
  long sharp and black ¬ the eye is of a deep seagreen colour, with a 
  circle of of pale yellow around the sight forming a border to the outer 
  part of the eye of about half the width of the whole eye. the tale has 12 
  feathers of six inches in length. the wings when folded are the same 
  length with the tale. 
  = 
  has 2 remarkable tufts of long feathers on each side joining the body at 
  the upper joint of the wing. these cover the feathers of the 1st joint of 
  the wings when they are over extended 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0176-1804-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 3rd Friday prepare a Small preasent for those Indians and hold a 
  Councul Delivered a Speech & made 8 6 chief... gave a fiew preasents 
  and, a Smoke a Dram, Some Powder & Ball ¬ the man we Sent not yet 
  come up, Those people express great Satisfaction at the Speech Delivered 
  they are no Oreters, big, open Counternances, ottoes large Missor Small 
  = 
  at 4 oClock Set out under a gentle Breeze from the S# E proceeded on N# 5° 
  E 5 Ms# Passed a Pt# on the S# S# and round a large Sand bar on the L# S# 
  and Camped above, below a great number of Snags quit across the river, The 
  Musquitors more numerous than I ever Saw them, all in Spirrits, we had 
  Some rough Convasation G# Dr# about boys. 
  = 
  The Osage & Kansies are the Same language 
  = 
  the Ottoes & Mahars Speek many words of the Osarge language 
  = 
  The Ottos, Aiaways, & Missouries Speake the Same language the Panies 
  & Recreries Speak the Same language also the Loups & repub. the 
  Mahar, & Poncarar the Same Language The Cheaun, Mandin & Grovanter 
  the Same The Probibility is that those defferant tribes have once formed 3 
  great nats. Viz: the Missouries, Osarge, Kanzes, Ottoes, Mahars, & 
  Poncaras & Aiauaies one nation. 
  = 
  The Panies, Loups, Republican, Recrerees the 2nd 
  = 
  The Mandans Cheeons, & Grovanters the 3rd The tribes of the Soux all 
  retain the name 4th 
  = 
  It is possible that the, Mahar & Poncarear may have been a Distinct 
  nation, as they only Speek Some words of the osage which have the Same 
  Signification 25 Days to St Ta fee S# of W# Cross the heads of Arkansies 
  around the head of Kanzies River after Delivering a Speech informing thos 
  Children of ours of the Change which had taken place, the wishes of our 
  government to Cultivate friendship & good understanding, the method of 
  have good advice & Some Directions, we made 1 Great Chief to the who 
  was not present, to whom we adresed the Speech & Sent Some presents or 
  Meadels & flag, we made 2 Second Chiefs one for the Missouris & 
  another for the Ottos (those two tribes are nearly equal 1'70 each) and 4 
  principal men, to thos principal men to thos we gave a Small Comtn. to 
  each man to whom we gave authority, a preasn of Br. Ch. Gart. g. Paint 
  & a med. or Contn a Small Corns# was delivered for the whole each 
  Chief & principal man delivered a Speech acknowledging ther 
  approbation to what they had heard and promised to prosue the good advice 
  and Caustion, they were happy w new fathers who gave good advice & to 
  be Depended on all Concluded by asking a little Powder & a Drop of 
  Milk. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
I answered those Speeches gave them 50 balls one Canister of Powder & a 
Dram ¬ after Cap Lewis Shot his air gun a few times which astonished the 
nativs, we Set Sail. recved from thos people water millions & The 
Cheifs & Principal men of the Ottoes & Missouris made by M L# & W C the 
3rd August 1804 
     Viz.     Indian Names         Tribe         English 
Signifiation 
     1.     We~ar~ruge~nor     Ottoe         Little Thief 
     2.     Shingo~ton go         Otto         Big horse 
      We tha a         Missourie     Hospatallity 
     3.    Wau~pe~ur         Miss. 
         Au~ho~ning ga     M 
         Ba Za con ja         Ottoe 
         Au~ho~ne~ga         Miss. 
@section 3 {tx}
  from this place I am told by Mr# Faufong the interpeter that it will take 
  a man 25 Days to go to St# a fee pass, the heads of Arkansas, round the 
  Kansas head, across Some mountains from the top of which the City may be 
  Seen the Spaniards have envited those Indians & the Panies to trade 
  with them & Some french & a few indians are gorn from the Panias 
  to that City this Summer ¬  
  = 
  The Situation of this place which we Call Council Bluff which is handsom 
  ellevated a Spot well Calculated for a Tradeing establishment, the Bank 
  high & leavel on top well Calculated for a fort to Command the 
  Countrey and river the low bottom above high water & well Situated 
  under the Command of the Hill for Houses to trade with the Natives a 
  butifull Plain both abov and below at no other bend on either Side does 
  the High land touch the river for Some distance up, as I am told. 
  = 
  those Bluffs afford good Clay for Brick, a great quantity on the 3 points 
  one Opsd# one abov &one below. the Situation I am informed is, 
  within 1 Days march of the Ottoes, 11/2 of the Panias, 2 of the Mahars, 
  & 21/2 of the Loups Villages, also Convenient to the roveing Bands of 
  Soux, Those people are now at war with each other, an establishment here 
  would bring about peace and be the means of Keeping of it. 
  = 
  Augt. 3d Camped on the upper point of a large Sand bar L# S# Misquters 
  verry bad. Some place near Conncill Bluff will be the most proper place 
  for a tradeing establishment, for maney of the nations, the distance is to 
  the Ottoes one Days, Ponies 11/2 days, to the Mahar, 2 days, to Loups 2 
  Days & a half 16 or 1800 men and convenient for Some bands of the 
  Sues, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0177-1804-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 3rd, Friday 1804 made up a Small preasent for those people in 
  perpotion to their Consiqunce. also a package with a meadile to accompany 
  a Speech for the Grand Chief after Brackfast we Collected those Indians 
  under an orning of our Main Sail, in presence of our Party paraded & 
  Delivered a long Speech to them expressive of our journey the wirkes of 
  our Government, Some advice to them and Directions how They were to 
  Conduct themselves, the princapal Chief for the nation being absente we 
  sent him the Speech flag Meadel & Some Cloathes. after hering what 
  they had to say Delivered a medal of Second Grade to one for the Ottos 
  & and one for the Missourie present and 4 medals of a third Grade to 
  the inferior Chief two for each tribe. Those two parts of nations, Ottos 
  & Missouries now residing together is about 250 men are the Ottoes 
  Composeing 2/3d and Missourie 1/3 part 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The names of the Chiefs we acknowledged Made this day are as follows Viz 
    </h3> 
@section ??? {???}
         Indian name         English signftn. 
     1st    We ar ruge nor     Ottoe     Called     Little Theif 
     2     Shon go ton go     "    "    Big Horse 
         We the a         Miss.    "    Hospatality 
         Shon Guss Con     Ottoe    "    White horse 
         Wau pe uh         M# 
         Ah ho ning ga     M# 
         Baza cou ja         Ottoe 
         Ah ho ne ga         M# 
@section 3 {tx}
  Those Chiefs all Delivered a Speech acknowledgeing Their approbation to 
  the Speech and promissing to prosue the advice & Derictions given them 
  that they wer happy to find that they had fathers which might be depended 
  on &c# 
  = 
  We gave them a Cannister of Powder and a Bottle of whiskey and delivered a 
  few presents to the whole after giveing a Br. Cth. Some Paint guartering 
  & a Meadele to those we made Cheifs after Capt Lewis's Shooting the 
  air gun a feiw Shots (which astonished those nativs) we Set out and 
  proceeded on five miles on a Direct line passed a point on the S# S# & 
  round a large Sand bar on the L# S# & Camped on the upper point. The 
  Misquitors excessively troublesom this evening Great appearance of wind 
  and rain to the N# W# we prepare to rec've it ¬ The man Liberty whome 
  we Sent for the Ottoes has not Come up he left the Ottoes Town one Day 
  before the Indians. This man has eithered tired his horse or, lost himself 
  in the Plains Some Indians are to hunt for him, The Situation of our last 
  Camp Councill Bluff or Handssom Prarie appears to be a verry proper place 
  for a Tradeing establishment & fortification The Soil of the Bluff 
  well adapted for Brick, Great deel of timbers abov in the two Points. many 
  other advantages of a Small nature. and I am told Senteral to Several 
  nations Viz. one Days march from the Ottoe Town, one Day & a half from 
  the great Pania village, 2 days from the Mahar Towns, two 1/4 Days from 
  the Loups Village, & Convenient to the Countrey thro which Bands of 
  the Soux hunt. perhaps no other Situation is as well Calculated for a 
  Tradeing establishment. The air is pure and helthy So far as we can 
  judge. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0178-1804-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 4th at 7 oClock the heavens darkened and a violent wind from the N 
  W# Suckceeded which lasted about an hour, with a little rain. 
  = 
  Set out this morning early thro a narrow part of the, the whole Channel 
  Confined in Some parts between the (1) Sand on one Side & the bank on 
  the other (which is washing in) within 200 yards, this Chanl# Crouded with 
  Snags. at 11/2 m# passed an old tradeing house L# S# where one of our Crew 
  passed 2 years P# C tradeing with the Mahar; & Ponies ¬ above 1 me# a 
  (3) Creek Coms in opsd# a large bad (2) Sand bar this (3) Creek is the 
  outlett of 3 ponds, which recved ther water from the Smaller Streams 
  running from the hills on the L# S, Great qts# of Gees, passed in the next 
  bend L# S# an out let to the Pond, Butifull bottom Prarie on both Sides of 
  the river, Pumey Stone is found on the Sides of the river of various 
  Sizes. Wind a head. Reed the man who went back to the Camp of last night 
  for his Knife has not Come up this evening ¬ we Camped at a pt# on the L# S# 
  at a Beaver house. 1 Buck Killed to daye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0179-1804-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 4th Satturdaye Set out early (at 7 oClock last night we had a 
  Violent wind from the N W Som little rain Succeeded, the wind lasted with 
  violence for one hour after the wind it was clear Sereen and Cool all 
  night.) proceeded on passed thro betwen Snags which was quit across the 
  Rivr the Channel Confined within 200 yards one Side a Sand pt# S S# the 
  other a Bend, the Banks washing away & trees falling in constantly for 
  1 mile, abov this place is the remains of an old Tradeing establishment L# 
  S# where Petr. Crusett one of our hands Stayed two years & traded with 
  the Mahars a Short distance above is a Creek (3) the out let of Three 
  Ponds comunicateing with each other, those Ponds or rether Lakes are fed 
  by Springs & Small runs from the hills. (2) a large Sand Island 
  opposit this Creek makeing out from the L# Point, from the Camp of last 
  night to this Creek, the river has latterly Changed its bed incroaching on 
  the L# Side, in this Sand bar I Saw great Nos. of wild gees ¬ passed a 
  Small Creek on the L# S about 3 miles above the last both of those Creek's 
  are out lets from the Small Lake which reive their water from the Small 
  Streems running from the high land ¬ great many Pamey Stones on the 
  Shore of various Sises the wind blew hard ¬ Reed a man who went back 
  to Camp for his knife has not joined us. we camped at a Beaver house on 
  the L# S#one Buck Killed to day ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0180-1804-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 5th Set out early wind from N E# Great appearance of Wind & 
  rain, (I have remarked that I have not heard much thunder in this 
  Countrey) a verry large Snake was Killed to day called the Bull Snake, his 
  Colour Some thing like a rattle Snake Something lighter ¬ the bends of 
  the river to day is washing away the banks, haveing nothing to oppose the 
  turbelance of the river when Confined by large hard Sand Points, forceing 
  this Current against the bends ¬ the Soil of the entire bottom between 
  the high land, being the mud or Ooze of the river of Some former period 
  mixed with Sand & Clay easely melts and Slips, or washies into the 
  river the mud mixes with the water & the Sand collects on the points 
  Camped on the S# S# ¬ I went on Shore S# S# this evening Saw Some 
  turkeys and in persueing them Struk the river 12 miles below the place by 
  water I went out, I think the Peninsuly is about 370 yards across Subjuct 
  to overflow; & washes into numerous Channels, Great quantities of 
  Graps ripe & of three Defferent Kind Some large & fine. I Killed a 
  Turkey, and made Camp in the Night, Musqutors verry troubleson ¬ Reed 
  the man who went back for his Knife has not yet joined us 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0181-1804-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th of August Sunday 1804 Set out early great appearance of wind and rain 
  (I have observed that Thundor & lightning is not as common in this 
  Countrey as it is in the atlantic States) Snakes are not plenty, one was 
  killed to day large and resembling the rattle Snake only Something 
  lighter. I walked on Shore this evening S# S# in Pursueing Some Turkeys I 
  struck the river twelve miles below within 370 yards, the high water 
  passes thro this Peninsulia; and agreeable to the Customary Changes of the 
  river I Concld. that in two years the main Current of the river will pass 
  through. In every bend the banks are falling in from the Current being 
  thrown against those bends by the Sand points which inlarges and the Soil 
  I believe from unquestionable appearns. of the entire bottom from one hill 
  to the other being the mud or ooze of the River at Some former Period 
  mixed with Sand and Clay easily melts and Slips into the River, and the 
  mud mixes with the water & the Sand is washed down and lodges on the 
  points ¬ Great quantites of Grapes on the banks, I observe three 
  different Kinds at this time ripe, one Of the no. is large & has the 
  flaver of the Purple grape. camped on the S# S# the Musquitors verry 
  troubleson. The man who went back after his Knife has not yet come up, we 
  have Some reasons to believe he has Deserted 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0182-1804-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  August 5th 1804 Killed a serpent on the bank of the river adjoining a 
  large prarie. 
  = 
  F Inch Length from nose to tail 5 2 Circumpherence in largest part ¬ 
  41/2 Number of scuta on belly ¬ 221 Do. on Tale ¬ 53 
  = 
  No pison teeth therefore think him perfectly inocent ¬ eyes, center 
  black with a border of pale brown yellow Colour of skin on head yellowish 
  green with black specks on the extremity of the scuta which are pointed or 
  triangular colour of back, transverse stripes of black and dark brown of 
  an inch in width, succeeded by a yellowish brown of half that width the 
  end of the tale hard and pointed like a cock's spur the sides are speckled 
  with yellowish brown and black. two roes of black spots on a lite 
  yellow ground pass throughout his whole length on the upper points of the 
  scuta of the belly and tale 1/2 Inch apart this snake is vulgarly called 
  the cow or bull snake from a bellowing nois which it is said sometimes to 
  make resembling that anamal, tho as to this fact I am unable to attest it 
  never having heard them make that or any other noise myself. 
  = 
  I have frequently observed an acquatic bird in the cours of asscending 
  this river but have never been able to procure one before today, this day 
  I was so fortunate as to kill two of them, they are here more plenty than 
  on the river below. they lay their eggs on the sand bars without shelter 
  or nest, and produce their young from the 15th to the last of June, the 
  young ones of which we caught several are covered with down of a yellowish 
  white colour and on the back some small specks of a dark brown. they bear 
  a great resemblance to the young quale of ten days oald, and apear like 
  them to be able to runabout and peck their food as soon as they are 
  hatched ¬ this bird, lives on small fish, worms and bugs which it 
  takes on the virge of the water it is seldom seen to light on trees an 
  quite as seldom do they lite in the water and swim tho the foot would 
  indicate that they did it's being webbed I believe them to be a native of 
  this country and probly a constant resident. 
  = 
  the weight of the male bird is one ounce and a half, its length from beak 
  to toe 71/2 inches from tip to tip of wing across the back one foot seven 
  inches and a half the beak is one 1/8 inch lonong, large where it joins 
  the head Elated on the sides and tapering to a sharp point, a little 
  declining and curvated, a fine yellow, with a shade of black on the 
  extremity of upper beak; the eye is prominent, black and on a angular 
  scale of 1/2 Inc; occupyse 3 1/3 in width. the upper part of the head is 
  black from the beak as low as the middle of the eye and a little below the 
  joining of the neck except however some white which joins the upper part 
  of the beak which forks and passing over the sides of the forehead 
  terminate above each eye ¬ the under part of the bird, that is the 
  throat and cheeks as high as the eye, the neck brest belly and under part 
  of the wings and tail are of a fine white, the upper part of the neck, 
  back, and wings are of a fine, quaker colour, or bright dove colour with 
  reather more of a bluish tint except however the three first or larger 
  feathers in the wing which on upper side are of a deep black. the wing has 
  four joints 
  = 
  No. Joint Length of joint No. of feathers Length of do. 1 11/2 a Clump of 
  feathers not strong but loosly connect with the flesh of the wing 11/2 2 2 
  16 2 3 11/2 7 from 21/2 to 41/2 4 3/4 3 51/2 
  = 
  the tail has eleven feathers the outer of which are an inch longer than 
  those in the center gradually tapering inwards which gives the tale a 
  forked appearance like that of the swally the largest or outer feather is 
  23/4 that of the shortest 13/4 ¬ the leg and thye are three inches 
  long the leg occupying one half this length the thye is covered with 
  feathers except about 1/4 of an inch above the knee the leg is of a bright 
  yellow and nails long sharp and black the foot is webbed and has three 
  toes forward; the heel or back toe is fixed to the leg above the palm of 
  the foot, and is unconnected by a web to the other toes, it has no nail. 
  the wings when foalded lap like those of the swallow and extend at least 
  an inch and a half beyond the tale. this bird is very noysey when flying 
  which is dose exttreemly swift the motion of the wing is much like that of 
  kildee it has two notes one like the squaking of a small pig only on 
  reather a high kee, and the other kit'~tee'~ kit'~tee' ¬ as near as 
  letters can express the sound ¬ the beak of the female is black and 
  the black and quaker colour of the male in her is yellowish brown mixed 
  with dove colour 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0183-1804-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 6th Monday 1804 at 12 oClock last night a Violent Storm of wind 
  & rain from the N# W# one perogue (Bapteest Le joness Patroon) lost 
  her Colours Set out early & proceeded on passed a large Island on the 
  S# S# back of this Island Rivie de Soldiert Come in on the S# S# ¬ the 
  Solder's River is about the Sise of Nodaway 20 yd# wide at the mouth, 
  passed two remarkable places, where the River had once Passed ¬ We 
  have every reason to belive that one man has Deserted Moses B# Reed he has 
  been absent three Days and one french man we Sent to the Indian Camps has 
  not joined us, we have reasons to beleve he lost himself in attempting to 
  join us at the Council Bluff ¬ we are deturmind to Send back 4 men to 
  take reede Dead or alive, also hunt La Liberty and to meet us at the Mahar 
  nation as Soon as the order is executed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0184-1804-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th August, Monday 1804 At 12 oClock last nigh a violent Storm of wind 
  from the N W# Some rain one pr. of Colours lost in the Storm from the bige 
  Perogue. Set out early and proceeded on passed a large Island on the S# S# 
  back of this Isd# Soldiers River mouths, I am told by one of the men that 
  this river is about the Size of Nadawa river 40 yards wide at the mouth. 
  Reed has not yet come up. neither has La Liberty the frenchman whome we 
  Sent to the Indian Camps a fiew miles below the Council Bluffs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0185-1804-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 7th Tuesday last night about 8 oClock a Storm of wind from the N# 
  W# which lasted 3/4 of an hour mosquitors more troublesom last night than 
  I ever Saw them, Set out late this morning wind N# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0186-1804-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th August Tuesday 1804 last night at 8 oClock a Storm from the N W# 
  lasted 3/4 of an hour let out late this morning wind from the North ¬ at 
  1 oClock dispatched George Drewyer, R# Fields, Wm# Bratten & Wm# 
  Labieche back after the Deserter reid with order if he did not give up 
  Peaceibly to put him to Death &c# to go to the Ottoes Village & 
  enquire for La Liberty and bring him to the Mahars Village, also with a 
  Speech on the occasion to the Ottoes & Missouries ¬ and directing 
  a few of their Chiefs to come to the Mahars, & we would make a peace 
  between them & the Mahar and Souex, a String of wompom & a Carrot 
  of Tobacco. proceeded on and Camped on the S# S# 
  = 
  I walked on Shore with one man Collies, the bottoms Covered with very 
  Collin Killed an elk, I fired 4 times at one & have reasons to think I 
  Kiled him but could not find him, The Misqutors were So troublesom and 
  Misqutors thick in the Plains that I could not Keep them out of my eyes, 
  with a bush. in my absens Capt Lewis Killed a Pelican on Pelicans Island, 
  at which place maney Hundreds had Collected, they left 3 fish which was. 
  fresh and very good, we camped on the S# S# in a Streght part of the 
  river ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0187-1804-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August the 8th 1804 Set out this morning at the usial time at about 2 
  miles (1) passed a part of the river So choked up with Snags that we found 
  a little dificult to get thro with Safty, the wind as usial from the N W# 
  one of the Soldiers Killed a Pilican on the Sand Isd# passed the mouth of 
  Little (2) River de Cueoux on the S# S# this river is about 80 yards wide 
  & navagable for Pirogus Some distance & runs parrelel to the 
  Missourie it corns in from the River from the N E, it contains great 
  Quantitys offish Common to the Countrey. two Miles above is (3) an Island 
  the Channel formerly run on the right with Sand. the Current runs to 
  the left. many hundreds of Pelicans on this Island ¬ we call it 
  Pelican Isld# Cap Lewis Killed one This river Soux Called by the Sueoux 
  Ed~Neah Wau~de~pon i'e Stone R heads in three Leagues of the river Demoin, 
  and passes thro a Lake about 20 Legues in Sircfs. which is also within 5 
  Leagus of the Demoin, this lake at one place is confined by two rocks 
  within a narrow Space ¬ this lake of Different widths, with many Small 
  Islands, from the Lake to the Mahars about distant 4 Days march to the Dog 
  Plains 90 Leagues, one Principal branch of the Demoin is calld. Cat river, 
  the Lake which this river Litt Souex heads in is Called Despree 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0188-1804-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th August Wednesday 1804 Set out this morning at the usial time at two 
  miles passed (1) a bend to L# S# Choaked up with Snags our boat run on two 
  in turning to pass through, we got through with Safty the wind from N W# 
  (2) passed the mouth of a River on the S# Side Called by the Soux Indians 
  Ed~neah Wau de pon (or Stone river) the French call this river Petite 
  Rivre de Cuouex it is about 80 yards wide and as (Mr# Durion Says whos 
  been on the heads of it and the Country abt) is navagable for Perogues Som 
  Distance runs Parrelel to the Missourie Some Distance, then falls down 
  from N E thro a roleing Countrey open, the head of this river is 9 miles 
  from the R Demon at which place the Demoin is 80 yd wide, this Little 
  Cuouex passes thro a lake called Despree which is within 5 Leagues of the 
  Deemoin the Said Lake is about 20 Leagues in Circumfrance and is divided 
  into 2 by two rocks approaching Verry near each other, this Lake is of 
  various width, Containing many Islands ¬  from this Lake to the Maha 4 days 
  march, as is Said to be near the Dog Plains one princpal branch of the 
  Demoin is Called Cat River The Demoin is Sholey 
  = 
  Capt# Lewis took Medn# Altitude of the Sun made it 56° 9' 00" Lat 41° 42' 
  34" and I took one man and went on Shore the man Killed an Elk I fired 4 
  times at one & did not Kill him, my ball being Small I think was the 
  reason, the misqutors So bad in the Praries that with the assistance of a 
  bush I could not Keep them out of my eyes, the boat turned Several tims to 
  day on Sand bars ¬ in my absenc the boat passed a Island 2 miles above 
  the litte Scouex R on the upper point of the Isld Some hundreds of 
  Pelicans were Collected, they left 3 fish on the Sand which was verry 
  fine, Capt Lewis Killed one & took his dimentions, I joined the boat 
  and we Camped on the S S# 
  = 
  worthe of remark that Snakes are not plenty in this part of the Missourie 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0189-1804-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  August 8th 1804 we had seen but a few aquatic fouls of any kind on the 
  river since we commenced our journey up the Missouri, a few geese 
  accompanied by their young, the wood duck which is common to every part of 
  this country & crains of several kinds which will be discribed in 
  their respective places ¬ this day after we had passed the river Souix 
  as called by Mr# MacKay (or as is more properly called the stone river,) I 
  saw a great number of feathers floating down the river those feathers had 
  a very extraordinary appearance as they appeared in such quantities as to 
  cover pretty generally sixty or seventy yards of the breadth of the river. 
  for three miles after I saw those feathers continuing to run in that 
  manner, we did not percieve from whence they came, at length we were 
  surprised by the appearance of a flock of Pillican at rest on a large sand 
  bar attatched to a small Island the number of which would if estimated 
  appear almost in credible; they apeared to cover several acres of ground, 
  and were no doubt engaged in procuring their ordinary food; which is fish, 
  on our approach they flew and left behind them several small fish of about 
  eight inches in length, none of which I had seen before ¬ the Pellican 
  rested again on a sand bar above the Island which we called after them 
  from the number we saw on it. we now approached them within about three 
  hundred yards before they flew; I then fired at random among the flock 
  with my rifle and brought one down; the discription of this bird is as 
  follows. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Habits 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  They are a bird of clime remain on the coast of Floriday and the borders 
  of the Gulph of mexico & even the lower portion of the Mississippi 
  during the winter and in the Spring (see for date my thermometrical 
  observations at the river Dubois.) visit this country and that farther 
  north for the purpose of raising their young ¬ this duty seems now to 
  have been accomplished from the appearance of a young Pilacon which was 
  killed by one of our men this morning, and they are now in large flocks on 
  their return to their winter quarters. they lay usually two eggs only and 
  chuise for a nest a couple of logs of drift wood near the water's edge and 
  with out any other preperation but the thraught formed by the proximity of 
  those two logs which form a trough they set and hatch their young which 
  after nurture with fish their common food 
  = 
  Measure 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
                 F    I 
     From beak to toe        5    8 
     Tip to tip of wing          9    4 
     Beak Length             1    3 
     Do. Width          from 2  to    1 1/2 
     Neck Length             1   11 
     1st joint of wing           1    1 
     2ed Do.             1    4 1/2 
     3rd Do.              ¬  ¬   7 
     4th do.              ¬  ¬   2 3/4 
     Length of leg including foot         10 
     Do. of thy               11 
@section 3 {tx}
  Discription of Colour &c 
  = 
  The beak is a whiteish yellow the under part connected to a bladder like 
  pouch, this pounch is connected to both sides of the lower beak and 
  extends down on the under side of the neck and terminates in the stomach ¬ this 
  pouch is uncovered with feathers, and is formed two skins the one on the 
  inner and the other on the center side a small quantity of flesh and 
  strings of which the anamal has at pleasure the power of moving or drawing 
  in such manner as to contract it at pleasure. in the present subject I 
  measured this pouch and found it's contents 5 gallons of water 
  = 
  The feet are webbed large and of a yellow colour, it has four toes the 
  hinder toe is longer than in most aquatic fouls, the nails are black, not 
  sharp and 1/2 an inch in length 
  = 
  The plumage generally is white, the feathers are thin compared with the 
  swan goose or most aquatick fouls and has but little or no down on the 
  body. the upper part of the head is covered with black feathers short, as 
  far as the back part of the head ¬ the yellow skin unfeathered extends 
  back from the upper beak and opening of the mouth and comes to a point 
  just behind the eye 
  = 
  The large feathers of the wings are of a deep black colour ¬ the 1st 
  & 2nd joint of from the body above the same is covered with a second 
  layer of white feathers which extend quite half the length of those large 
  feathers of the wing ¬ the thye is covered with feathers within a 
  quarter of an inch of the knee. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
                       Inch 
  1st joint of wing has feathers  No. 21         Length 9 Black 
  2ed Do.         No. 17         Length 13 Inch 
  3rd Do.         No.  5         Length 18 Inch 
  4th Do.         No.  3         Length 19 Inch 
@section 3 {tx}
  it has a curious frothy substance which seems to devide its feathers from 
  the flesh of the body and seems to be composes of globles of air and 
  perfectly imbraces the part of the feather which extends through the 
  skin.the wind pipe terminates in the center of the lower part of the upper 
  and unfeathered part of the pouch and is secured by an elastic valve 
  commanded at pleasure. 
  = 
  The green insect known in the U States by the name of the sawyer or 
  chittediddle, was first heard to cry on the 27th of July, we were then in 
  latitude 41° some minutes. 
  = 
  The prarie hen or grouse, was seen in the praries between the Missouri and 
  the river platte 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0190-1804-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th Augt Thursday 1804 The fog of this morning detained us untill 1/2 
  passed 7 oClock at which time we left our moreing and proceeded on under a 
  gentle Breeze from the S# E, I went on Shore found the Land the Same as 
  yesterday Killed a Turkey and Camped on the L# S# great deel of Beaver 
  Sign to day one Beaver Cought Musquetors worse this evening than ever I 
  have Seen them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0191-1804-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th August Thursday 1804 The fog being thick detained us untile half pasd. 
  7 oClock at which time we Set out and proceeded on under Gentle Breeze 
  from the S E I walked on Shore, Saw an Elk, crossed a Istmust of 3/4 of a 
  mile to the river, & returned to the boat Camped on the L# S# above a 
  Beaver Den. Musqutors verry troubleson. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0192-1804-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 11th Satturday 1804 about day this morning a hard wind from the N# 
  W# followed by rain, we landed at the foot of the hill on which Black Bird 
  The late King of the mahar who Died 4 years ago & 400 of his nation 
  with the Small pox was buried (1) and went up and fixed a white flag bound 
  with Blue white & read on the Grave which was about 12 foot Base & 
  circueller, on the top of a Penical about 300 foot above the water of the 
  river, from the top of this hill may be Seen the bends or meanderings of 
  the river for 60 or 70 miles round & all the County around the base of 
  this high land is a Soft Sand Stone Bluff of about 40 or 150 foot, the 
  Crooked, passed a Creek Called Wau~Con di peche C or Bad God Creek of bad 
  Spirits on the L# S above the Bluff on this Creek the Mahars had the Small 
  pox 4 years ago, Lattitude 42° 1'3" 8/10 taken on the Point above the 
  Creek. the river is verry Crooked, we are now within 3/4 of a mile of the 
  river at a place we Shall not get around to untill tomorrow noon ¬ We 
  er 3 Legues from the Mahars by land and the great deel of Beaver sign 
  induce a belief that those people do not hunt much. 
  = 
  I have observed a number of places where the river has Changd its Bead at 
  different times 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0193-1804-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th August Satturday 1804. about day light this Morning a hard wind from 
  the N W# with Some rain proceeded on arround the right of the Isld# 
  = 
  a hard wind accompanied with rain from the S# E# after the rain was over 
  Capt# Lewis myself & 10 men assended the Hill on the L# S# under which 
  there was Some fine Springs to the top of a high point where the Mahars 
  King Black Bird was burried 4 years ago. a mound of earth about 12 
  Diamuter at the base & 6 feet high is raised over him turfed, and a 
  pole 8 feet high in the Center on this pole we fixed a white flage bound 
  with red Blue & white; this hill about 300 feet above the water 
  forming a Bluff between that & the Water of Various hight from 40 to 
  150 feet in hight yellow Soft Sand Stone from the tops of this Nole the 
  river may be Seen Meandering for 60 or 70 Miles, we Decended & Set out 
  N# 24 to W# 1/2 me# passing over a Sand bar on the S# pt# along the 
  Willows. to the river opposit a Small Beyeau on the L# S# which is the 
  Conveyance of the high water from a bend which appears near in a northerly 
  direction, haveing passed a Creek in a Deep bend to the L# S# Called by 
  the Mahars Wau can di Peeche (Great Spirrit is bad) on this Creek & 
  Hills near it about 400 of the Mahar Died with the Small Pox ¬  Took Medn# 
  Altitude & made the Latd# 42° 1' 3" 8/10 N# also the Moons Distanc 
  from the Sun I have observed a number of places where the River has onced 
  run and now filled or filling up & growing with willows & 
  cottonwood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0194-1804-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th August Sunday 1804 a South wind We Set out early the river wider than 
  usial, and Shallow, at 12 we halted in a bend to the left to take the 
  Meridian altitude, & Dine, & Sent one man across where we took 
  Dinner yesterday to Step off the Distance across Isthmus, he made it 974 
  yards, and the bend around is 183/4 miles above this bend about 4 miles, a 
  yellow & Brown Bluff Comnuces and Continus 3 or 4 miles on the L# S# 
  this Bluff has Some Sand Stone, Some rich Black mole mixed with yellow 
  Clay, a fiew Red Ceeder on the tope, which is, from 20 to 150 foot high 
  the hill Still riseing back, I think may be estemated at 200 foot on the 
  top is timber, the wind for a few hours this evening was hard and from the 
  S# E# In the evening about 5 oClock Cap L# & My Self wen on Shore to 
  Shoot a Prarie wolf which was barking at us as we passed This Prarie Wolf 
  barked like a large fest and is not much larger, the Beaver is verry 
  plenty, not with Standing we are almost in Sight of the Mahar Town ¬ Cought 
  a verry Large Catfish this morniong, prepared the Indian present which we 
  intend given to the Mahars. P# Wiser apt# Cook to Serjt# Floyds Squad from 
  to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0195-1804-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th August Sunday 1804 Set out early under a gentle Breeze from the South 
  the river wider than usial and Shallow (1) at 12 oClock we halted to take 
  a meridian altd# of the Sun & Sent a man back or I may Say across to 
  the Bind of the river where Capt# Lewis took the Mdn. altitude yesterday, 
  to Step off the distance, he made it 974 yards across, the Distance 
  arround the bend is 183/4 miles ¬ about 4 miles above the bend on the 
  L# S# is the Commencement of a Bluff which is about 4 miles extending on 
  the river, of yellow and brown Clay in Some parts in it near the river a 
  Soft Sand Stone is inbeded on the top (which is from 20 to 150 feet above 
  the water, & rises back) is Covered with timber, a fiew red Ceider is 
  on this Bluff, the wind Comes round to the S# E# a Prarie Wolf Come near 
  the bank and Barked at us this evening, we made an attempt but could not 
  git him, this Animale Barkes like a large feste Dog. Beever is verry 
  Plenty on this part of the river. I prepare Some presents for to give the 
  Indians of the Mahars nation. Wiser apt# Cook & Supentdt. of the 
  Provisions of Sergt# Floyds Squad. we Camped on a Sand Island in a bend to 
  the S# S# Musquitors verry troublesom untile the wind rose. at one or 2 
  oClock 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0196-1804-08-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of August Munday 1804. Set out this morning at Day light the usial 
  time and proceeded on under a gentle Breeze from the S# E# passed the 
  Island. 
  = 
  From this Fish Camp the River is N 55° West as far as Can be Seen, the 
  Sand bar only changeing the Derection of the Current the Hills leave the 
  river on the L# Side 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0197-1804-08-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 13th Monday 1804 Set out this morning at Light the usial time and 
  proceeded on under a gentle Breeze from the S E 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0198-1804-08-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of August at 12 oClock the Party Sent yesterday to the Towns 
  returned, and informed that they Could not find any Indians, they had not 
  returned from hunting the Buffalow in the Praries, wind Shifted to the N 
  W# Our party Sent after the Deserter and to the Otteau towns, have not 
  Came up as yet 
  = 
  The Situation of this Village, now in ruins Siround by enunbl. hosts of 
  grave the ravages of the Small Pox (4 years ago) they follow the Buf. and 
  tend no Corn 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0199-1804-08-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th August Tuesday 1804 a fine morning wind from the S E The men Sent to 
  the Mahar Town last evening has not returned we Conclude to Send a Spye to 
  Know the cause of Their delay at about 12 oClock the Party returned and 
  informed. us that they Could not find the Indians nor any fresh Sign, 
  those people have not returned from their Buffalow hunt, Those people 
  haveing no houses no Corn or any thing more than the graves of their 
  ancesters to attach them to the old Village, Continue in pursuite of the 
  Buffalow longer than others who had greater attachments to their native 
  Villagethe ravages of the Small Pox (which Swept off 400 men & women 
  & Children in perpoposion) has reduced this Nation not exceeding 300 
  men and left them to the insults of their weaker neighbours which before 
  was glad to be on friendly turms with them ¬ I am told whin this fatal 
  malady was among them they Carried ther franzey to verry extroadinary 
  length, not only of burning their Village, but they put their wives & 
  Children to Death with a view of their all going together to Some better 
  Countrey ¬ They burry their Dead on the tops of high hills and rais 
  mounds on the top of them, ¬ The cause or way those people took the 
  Small Pox is uncertain, the most Probable from Some other Nation by means 
  of a warparty 
  = 
  Observed Time and Distance of the Sun & Moon the Moon East the 13th of 
  August Monday 1804, three Miles NE of the Mahars old village at Fish Camp ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0200-1804-08-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 15th Wendesday I took ten men & went out to Beaver Dam across a 
  Creek about a mile S W from Camp, and with a Brush Drag caught 308 fish, 
  of the following kind (i'e) Pike, Samon, Bass, Pirch, Red horse, Small 
  Cat, & a kind of Perch Called on the Ohio Silverfish I also Caught the 
  Srimp which is Common to the Lower part of the Mississippi, in this Creek 
  & in the Beaver Pond is emince beads of Mustles Verry large & fat ¬ in 
  my absence Capt Lewis Send the Souex interpr & a party to a Smoke 
  which appeared to rise at no great distance to the north with a view to 
  find Some Band of that nation, they returned and informed that they had 
  been made Some time by Some Small party, and the hard wind of to day had 
  set the Prarie on fire from Some high trees, which was left burning all 
  well, Party from Ottoes not come up. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Camp three Miles N# E of the Mahar Village 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0201-1804-08-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August 15th Wednesday 1804 I went with ten men to a Creek Damed by the 
  Beavers about half way to the Village, with Some Small willow & Bark 
  we mad a Drag and haulted up the Creek, and Cought 318 fish of different 
  kind i'e Peke, Bass, Salmon, perch, red horse, Small Cat, and a kind of 
  perch Called Silverfish, on the Ohio. I cought a Srimp prosisely of 
  Shape Size & flavour of those about N# Orleans & the lower party 
  of the Mississippi in this Creek which is only the pass or Streight from 
  Beaver Pond to another, is Crouded with large Mustles Verry fat, Ducks, 
  Pliver of different Kinds are on those Ponds as well as on the river in My 
  absence Capt# Lewis Sent Mr# Durioue the Souix interpeter & three men 
  to examine a fire which threw up an emence Smoke from the Praries on the 
  N# E# Side of the River and at no great distance from Camp ¬ the 
  Object of this party was to find Some Bands of Seouex which the inptr. 
  thought was near the Smoke and get them to Come in ¬ in the evening 
  this Party returned and infoermed, that the fire arrose from Some trees 
  which had been left burning by a Small party of Seoux whom had passed 
  Several Days ¬ the wind Setting from that point, blew the Smoke from 
  that pt# over our Camp. our party all in health and Sperrits the men Sent 
  to the Ottoes & in pursute of the Deserter Reed has not yet returned 
  or joined our party. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0202-1804-08-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Aug. 16th 1804 a Verry cool morning the winds as usial from the N W# Capt 
  Lewis with men went out to the Creek & Pond & Caught about 800 
  fine fish with a Bush Drag of the following kind i.e. 79 Pike, 8 Salmon, 1 
  Rock, 1 flat Back, 127 Buffalow & readHorse, 4 Bass & 490 Cat, 
  with many Small & large Silver fish, ¬ I had a mast made & 
  fixed to day The Party Sent to the Ottoes not yet arrived. the wind 
  Shifted around to the S E# the night's are Cool & a Breeze rises after 
  generally; Sometimes before night which Blows off the Musquitors cools the 
  atmospere. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0203-1804-08-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th August Thursday 1804 Fishing Camp 3 ms# N# E# of the Mahars. a verry 
  cool morning the wind as usial from the N W# 
  = 
  Capt Lewis took 12 men & went to the Pond & Crek between Camp and 
  the old Village and Cought upwards of Boo fine fish, 79 Pike, 8 Salmon, 1 
  Rock,flat Back, 127 Buffalow & red horse 4 Bass & 490 Catt. with 
  many Small Silver fish I had a Mast made &fixed to the Boat to day, 
  the Party Sent to the Ottoes not yet joined us ¬ the wind Shifted 
  arround to the S# E# everry evening a Breeze rises which blows off the 
  Musquitors & Cools the atmispeire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0204-1804-08-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th August 1804. a fine morning Wind from the S# E# I will here annex the 
  Latds & Distances of the Different notable placies from the River 
  Dubois or Mouth up. 
  = 
  The Longitudes are not yet Calculated, We must be at this time about 99° 
  45' 00" West of Greenwich ¬ I Collected a grass much resembling wheet 
  with a grain like Rye, much fuller of grain, one like Rye & one like 
  Barley Grass Small, a Grass like Timothey except the Seed which is on 
  branches from the main Stalk ¬  
  = 
  Late this evening one of the party Sent after the deserters returned & 
  joined us, he left the party 3 miles back, they cought both Deserters, one 
  of them La liberty, got away from them, the Great Chief & 2nd Chief of 
  the ottoes accompaned the Party with a view to bring about a Peice between 
  themselves & the Mahar a great missfortune that the Mahars have not 
  returned from the hunt ¬ Sent & fiered the Prarie near Camp to 
  bring in the Mahars & Souex if any are near. a Cool evening, 2 Beever 
  Cought 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0205-1804-08-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th August Friday 1804. a fine Morning the wind from the S# E# I 
  collected a grass much resembling wheat in its grouth the grain like Rye, 
  also Some resembling Rye & Barly. a kind of Timothey, the Seed of 
  which branches from the main Stalk & is more like flax Seed than that 
  of a Timothey 
  = 
  at 6 oClock this evening Labieche one of the Party Sent to the Ottoes 
  joined, and informed that the Party was behind with one of the Deserters M 
  B# Reed and the 3 principal Chiefs of the Nations ¬ La Liberty they 
  cought but he decived them and got away ¬ the object of those Chiefs 
  comeing forward is to make a peace with the Mahars thro us. as the Mahars 
  are not at home this great object cannot be accomplished at this time Set 
  the Praries on fire to bring the Mahars & Soues if any were near, this 
  being the usial Signal. 
  = 
  a Cool evining two Beaver Cought to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0206-1804-08-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th August 1804 a fine morning, despatched Jo# Fields for the Party from 
  the Ottoes, whom did not Come up last night Wind from the S# E# (Panies 
  returned from their hunt, the 12th of August) in the after Part of the Day 
  the Party arrived, we had a Short talk after which we gave them Provisions 
  to eate & proceeded to the trial of Reed, he confessed, & we 
  Sentenced him only to run the Ganelet four times thro the Detachment & 
  party, and not to be considered in the future as one of the Permonant 
  Party, after the Punihment of about 500 Lashes, at night we had Some talk 
  with the Chiefs about the Cause of War between them and the Mahars. 
  posponed the further consultation untill tomorrow. had a Dance which 
  lasted untile 11 oClock, the Close of Cap Lewis Birthday. a fine evening 
  wind S# E 
  = 
  Sent to the Towns, i e Reiubin Fields Will. Brattin G# Drewyer & W 
  Labieche. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0207-1804-08-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th August Satday 1804 a fine morning. Wind from the S# E# in the after 
  part of the Day the Party with the Indians arrivd. we meet them under a 
  Shade near the Boat and after a Short talk we gave them Provisions to eat 
  & proceeded to the trail of Reed, he Confessed that he "Deserted & 
  Stold a public Rifle Shot~pouch Powder & Bals" and requested we would 
  be as favourable with him as we Could consistantly with our Oathes ¬ which 
  we were and only Sentenced him to run the Gantlet four times through the 
  Party & that each man with 9 Swichies Should punish him and for him 
  not to be considered in future as one of the Party 
  = 
  The three principal Chiefs petitioned for Pardin for this man After we 
  explained the injurey Such men could doe them by false representation, 
  & explang. the Customs of our Countrey they were all Satisfied with 
  the propriety of the Sentence & was witness to the punishment. after 
  which we had Some talk with the Chiefs about the orrigan of the war 
  between them & the Mahars &c# &c# ¬ it commenced in this 
  way i'e' in two of the Missouries Tribe resideing with the Ottoes went to 
  the Mahars to Steel horses, they Killed them both which was a cause of 
  revenge on the part of the Missouris & Ottoes, they also brought war 
  on themselves Nearly in the Same way with the Panea Loups and they are 
  greatly in fear of a just revenge from the Panies for takeing their Corn 
  from the Pania Towns in their absence hunting this Summer. 
  = 
  the evening was Closed with an extra Gill of Whiskey & a Dance untill 
  11 oClock. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0208-1804-08-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of August Sunday 1804 a fine morning wind from the S# E I prepd. a 
  present from the Chiefs & Warriers, the main Chief Brack fast with us 
  naked; & beged for a Sun glass. at 10 oClock we assembled the 
  Cheifs & Warriers under an Orning and delivered a Speech, explanitary 
  of the One Sent to this Nation from the Council Bluff, &c# &c# ¬  
  = 
  Children When we Sent the 4 men to your towns, we expected to See & 
  Speake with the Mahas by the time you would arrive and to lay the 
  foundation of a peace between you and them 
  = 
  The Speech of Petieit Villeu Little Thief, If you think right and Can 
  waite untill all our Warriers Come from the Buffalows hunt, we Can then 
  tell you who is our men of Consequnce ¬ My fathers always lived with 
  the father of the B together & we always live with the Big hose ¬ all 
  the men here are the Suns of Chief and will be glad to get Something from 
  the hands of their fathers. My father always directed me to be 
  friendly with the white people, I have always done So and went often to 
  the french, give my party pieces of Paper & we will be glad ¬ The 
  names 
  = 
  a Meddel to Car ka pa ha or Crow's head 
  = 
  a Comsi or Cfte. Sar na no ne or Iron Eyes a Ottoe approves & says he 
  is Brave Nee Swor un ja Big ax a Ottoe approves Star gra hun ja Big blue 
  Eyes a Ottoe Delivers up his comm Ne ca sa wa ¬ Black Cat a Missouris 
  approves the Council & he wants paper for his men at home, he after 
  wards came & petitioned for his Paper War~sar sha co ¬ Brave Man aproves 
  = 
  The Speach of the Big Horse I went to the hunt Buffalow I heard your word 
  and I returned, I and all my men with me will attend to your wordsyou want 
  to make peace with all, I want to make peace also, the young men when they 
  want to go to war where is the goods you give me to Keep them at home, if 
  you give me Some Whisky to give a Drop to my men at home. 
  = 
  I came here naked and must return home naked. if I have Something to give 
  the young men I can prevent their going to war. You want to make peace 
  with all, It is good we want Something to give my men at home. I am a pore 
  man, and cant quiet without means, a Spoon ful of your milk will quiet 
  all. 
  = 
  2nd Speech of the Little Thief I want Mr# Faufon & Mr# La bieche to 
  make a piece with the Panies Loups. I want William to go & make a 
  piece with the Loups, he can Speake english & will doe will to go. refused 
  that William LaBiech shall accompany Faufon 
  = 
  Those people were not well Satisfied with the Presents given them, they 
  were much Surprised at the air gun and Several curiosities which were 
  Shown them none more than the magnet, those people became extreemly 
  troublesom to us begging Whisky & little articles. Sergt# Floyd was 
  taken violently bad with the Beliose Cholick and is dangerously ill we 
  attempt in Vain to releive him, I am much concerned for his Situation ¬  we 
  could get nothing to Stay on his Stomach a moment nature appear exosting 
  fast in him every man is attentive to him york prlly 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0209-1804-08-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th August Sunday 1804 a find morning wind from the S# E# prepared a 
  Small Present for the Cheifs and warriers present. the main Cheif 
  Brackfast with us, & beged for a Sun glass, those People are all 
  naked, Covered only with Breech Clouts Blankits or Buffalow Roabes, the 
  flesh Side Painted of Differant Colours & figures. At 10 oClock we 
  assembled the Chiefs & warriers 9 in number under an orning, and we 
  explained the Speech Sent to the nation from the Council Bluffs by Mr# 
  Faufon. The 3 Chiefs and all the men or warriers made Short Speeches 
  approveing the advice & Council their great father had Sent them, and 
  Concluded by giveing themselves Some Credit for their acts. 
  = 
  We then brought out the presents and exchanged the Big horses Meadel & 
  gave him one equal to the one Sent to the Little Thief & gave all Some 
  Small articls & 8 Carrots of Tobacco, we gave one Small Meadel to one 
  of the Cheifs & a Sertificate to the others of their good intentions. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     Names 
     The Little Theif Grd. Cheif I have mentioned before 
     The Big horse 
     Crows Head (or) Kar Ka paha ¬ Missory 
     Black Cat (or) Ne ma Sa wa ¬ do 
     Iron Eyes (or) Sar na no no ¬ Ottoe 
     Big ax (or) Nee Swar Un ja ¬ do 
     Big Blue Eyes ¬ Star gea Hun ja ¬ do 
     Brave Man (or) War Sar Sha co 
@section 3 {tx}
  One of those Indians after reciving his Certificate delivd. it again to me 
  the Big blue eyes the Chief petitioned for the Ctft. again, we would not 
  give the Certft. but rebuked them verry roughly for haveing in object 
  goods and not peace with their neighbours ¬ this language they did not 
  like at first, but at length all petitioned for us to give back the 
  Certificate to the Big blu eyes he came forward and made a plausible 
  excuse, I then gave the Certificate the Great Cheif to bestow it to the 
  most Worthey, they gave it to him, we then gave them a,Dram & broke up 
  the Council, the Chiefs requested we would not leave them this evening. we 
  deturmed to Set out early in the morning we Showed them many Curiosities 
  and the air gun which they were much asstonished at. those people beged 
  much for wishey ¬ Serjeant Floyd is taken verry bad all at one with a 
  Beliose Chorlick we attempt to relieve him without Success as yet, he gets 
  wordse and we are muc allarmed at his Situation, all attention to him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0210-1804-08-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th August Monday after gieving faufon Some goods the Indians a Canister 
  of whiskey, we Set out under a jentle Breeze from the S# E Shields went 
  with the horses ¬ I am Dull & heavy been up the greater Part of 
  last night with Serjt# Floyd, who is as bad as he can be to live the 
  motion of his bowels having changed &c# &c# is the Cause of his 
  violent attack &c# &c# 
  = 
  we Came to make a warm bath for Sergt# Floyd hopeing it would brace him a 
  little, before we could get him in to this bath he expired, with a great 
  deel of composure, haveing Said to me before his death that he was going 
  away and wished me to write a letter ¬ we Buried him to the top of a 
  high round hill over looking the river & Countrey for a great distance 
  Situated just below a Small river without a name to which we name & 
  call Floyds river, the Bluffs Sergts# Floyds Bluff ¬ we buried him with all 
  the honors of War, and fixed a Ceeder post at his head with his name title 
  & Day of the month and year Capt Lewis read the funeral Service over 
  him after paying everry respect to the Body of this desceased man (who had 
  at All times given us proofs of his impatiality Sincurity to ourselves and 
  good will to Serve his Countrey) we returned to the Boat & proceeded 
  to the Mouth of the little river 30 yd# wide & Camped a butifull 
  evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0211-1804-08-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th August Monday 1804 Sergeant Floyd much weaker and no better. Made Mr# 
  Fauforn the interpter a fiew presents, and the Indians a Canister of 
  whisky we Set out under a gentle breeze from the S# E# and proceeded on 
  verry well ¬  Serjeant Floyd as bad as he can be no pulse & nothing will 
  Stay a moment on his Stomach or bowels 
  = 
  Passed two Islands on the S# S# and at first Bluff on the S S# Serj. Floyd 
  Died with a great deel of Composure, before his death he Said to me, "I am 
  going away. I want you to write me a letter" ¬ We buried him on the 
  top of the bluff 1/2 Miles below a Small river to which we Gave his name, 
  he was buried with the Honors of War much lamented; a Seeder post with the 
  (1) Name Sergt# C# Floyd died here 20th of August 1804 was fixed at the 
  head of his grave ¬ This Man at all times gave us proofs of his 
  firmness and Deturmined resolution to doe Service to his Countrey and 
  honor to himself after paying all the honor to our Decesed brother we 
  Camped in the mouth of floyds river about 30 yards wide, a butifull 
  evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0212-1804-08-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st August Tuesday we Set out verry early this morning under a Gentle 
  Breeze from the S# E Course S# 82° E 3 mes to the upper pt# of a Bluff on 
  the S# S# passed Willow Creek and Some rock below the mouth of the Seouex 
  river on the Starboard Side those Clifts are about 170 feet high, this 
  river heads with the St# peters and is navagable 75 Leagues (by the act# 
  of Mr# Durien) to a fall of near 200 for, 2 large & Som Small Pitchs 
  below the falls on the right a Creek corns in on which the red pipe Stone 
  is percured, & in the praries about, a place of Peace with all 
  nations. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0213-1804-08-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st August Tuesday 1804 We Set out verry early this morning and proceeded 
  on under a gentle Breeze from the S# E# passed willow creek Small on the 
  S# S# below a Bluff of about 170 feet high and one 1/2 mes# above Floyds 
  river at 11/2 miles higher & above the Bluff passed the Soues River S# 
  S# this River is about the Size of Grand river and as Mr# Durrien our 
  Scones intptr. says "navagable to the falls 70 or 80 Leagues and above 
  these falls" Still further, those falls are 200 feet or there abouts & 
  has two princapal pitches, and heads with the St# peters passing the head 
  of the Demoien, on the right below the falls a Creek Coms in which passes 
  thro Clifts of red rock which the Indians make pipes of, and when the 
  different nations Meet at those queries all is piece, passed a place in a 
  Prarie on the L# S# where the Mahars had a Village formerly. the Countrey 
  above the Platt R has a great Similarity. Campd# on the L# Side. Clouds 
  appear to rise in the west & threten wind. I found a verry excellent 
  froot resembling the read Current, the Scrub on which it grows resembles 
  Privey & about the Common hight of a wild plumb ¬  
  = 
    <h3> 
  The two men Sent with the horses has not joined us as yet 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0214-1804-08-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of August Wendesday 1804 Set out early wind from the South. G Shannon 
  joined the Boat last night. Course this morning is S 47° W# 11/4 on the S# 
  point West 11/4 me# to the Commencement of a Bluff on the L# S# the High 
  land near the river for Some distance below. This Bluff contain Pyrites 
  alum, Copperass & a Kind Markesites also a clear Soft Substance which 
  will mold and become pliant like wax) Capt lewis was near being Poisened 
  by the Smell in pounding this Substance I belv to be arsenic or Cabalt. I 
  observe great Quantity of Cops. ans and almin pure & Straters of white 
  & brown earth of 6 Inch thick. a Creek Corns in above the Bluffs on 
  which there is great quantities of those minerals, This Creek I call 
  Roloje a at those Allom banks Shields joined in with two Deer 
  = 
  Camped on the S# S# a Great Deel of Elk Sign fresh Capt# Lewis took a Dost 
  of Salts this evening to carry off the effects of (arsenec) or cobalt 
  which he was trying to find out the real quallity (2) passed a Clift of 
  Rock much impregnated with alum, Containing also a great quantity of 
  Cabalt 
  = 
  ordered a Vote of the men for a Sergeant of the three highest numbers a 
  choice to be made Gass Bratton & Gibson ¬ Gass is worth remark, 
  that my Ink after Standing in the pot 3 or four days Soaks up & becons 
  thick 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0215-1804-08-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd August Friday 1804 Set out early wind from the South at three miles 
  we landed at a Bluff where the two men Sent with the horses were waiting 
  with two Deer, by examonation of this (1) Bluff Contained alum, Copperas, 
  Cobalt, Pyrites; a alum rock Soft & Sand Stone. Capt# Lewis in 
  proveing the quality of those minerals was near poisoning himself by the 
  fumes & tast of the Cabalt which had the appearance of Soft Isonglass ¬ Copperas 
  & alum is verry pure, Above this Bluff a Small Creek Coms in from the 
  L# S# passing under the Clifts for Several miles, this Creek I Call Roloje 
  a name I learned last night in my Sleep. (2) Eight) Seven miles above is a 
  Clift of Allom Stone of a Dark Brown Colr. Containing also in crusted in 
  the Crevices & Shelves of the rock great qts# of Cabalt, Semented 
  Shels & a red earth. from this the (3) river bends to the East and is 
  within 3 or 4 miles of the River Soues at the place where that river Coms 
  from the high land into the Low Prarie & passes under the foot of 
  those Hills to its mouth. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis took a Dost of Salts to work off the effects of the Arsenic, we 
  Camped on the S# S# Sailed the greater part of this day with a hard wind 
  from the S# E# great deel of Elk Sign, and great appearance of wind from 
  the N# W# 
  = 
  ordered a vote for a Serjeant to chuse one of three which may be the 
  highest number the highest numbers are P# Gass had 19 Votes, Bratten & 
  Gibson 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0216-1804-08-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd August Thursday 1804 Set out this morning verry early, the two men R# 
  Fields & Shannon did not Come up last night, I went out and Killed a 
  fine Buck, J# Fields Killed a Buffaloes, 2 Elk Swam by the boat whilst I 
  was out and was not Killed, many guns fired at it R# Fields Came up with 
  the horses & brought two Deer, Collins Killed a Small doe, Several 
  Prarie wolves Seen Course West 4 Mls. to the mouth of a Small run between 
  two Bluffs of yellow Clay North 31/4 miles to the upper Pt# of Some timber 
  in the bend to S# S# near where R# fields Killed the Buffalow passed the 
  pt# of High Land on S# S at 1/4 of a mile, Capt# Lewis went out with 8 men 
  & brought the buffalow to the river at this bend, C# Lewis Killed a 
  Goose, wind blew hard of the flying Sands which rasies like a Cloud of 
  Smoke from the Bars when the wind Blows, the Sand being fine and 
  containing a breat perpotion of earth and when it lights it Sticks to 
  every thing it touches at this time the grass is white S 48° 3 miles to a 
  point of willows on the S# S# haveing passed the Sand Island L# S Camped 
  on the L S above the Island Saw an elk Standing on a Sand bar. Shields 
  Shot it thro the neck 101/4 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0217-1804-08-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd August Thursday 1804 Set out this morning verry early the two men 
  with the horses did not Come up last night I walked on Shore & Killed 
  a fat Buck ¬ J# Fields Sent out to hunt Came to the Boat and informed 
  that he had Killed a Buffalow in the plain a head Cap Lewis took 12 men 
  and had the buffalow brought to the boat in the next bend to the S S# 2 
  Elk Swam the river, and was fired at from the boat R# Fields came up with 
  the Horses and brought two Deer one Deer Killed from the Boat. Several 
  Prarie Wolves Seen to day Saw Elk Standing on the Sand bar 
  = 
  The Wind blew hard West and raised the Sands off the bar in Such Clouds 
  that we Could Scercely See this Sand being fine and verry light Stuck to 
  every thing it touched, and in the Plain for a half a mile the distance I 
  was out every Spire of Grass was covered with the Sand or Dust We Camped 
  on the L# S# above a Sand Island one Beaver Cought 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0218-1804-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th August Friday 1804. Some rain last night & this morning, we Set 
  out at the usial time and proceeded on the Same Course of last night 
  Continued S# 48° W# 21/4 mes# to the Commencement of a Blue Clay Bliff on 
  LS# about 180 or 190 feet high West under rugged Bluffs 13/4 ms# passing 
  Several Small Dreens, falling into the river those Bluffs has been lately 
  on fire and is yet verry Hott, Great appearance of Coal, & imence 
  quantities of Cabalt in Side of that part oft the Bluff which Sliped in, 
  on the Sides of the hill great quanities of a kind of Current or froot 
  resembling the Current in appearance much richer and finer flavd. grows on 
  a Scrub resembling a Damsen and is now fine and makes a Delightful) Tart 
  above this Bluff I took my Servent and a french boy I have and walked on 
  Shore I killed a Deer which york Packed on his back In the evening I 
  Killed two Buck Elk and wounded two others which I could not pursue by the 
  Blood as my ball was So Small to bleed them well, my boys each Shot an elk ¬ it 
  was late and I Crossed a Point Struck the river above and halted the boat 
  and 12 men went out brought in the meat all the after part of the day it 
  rained we are all wet. Capt Lewis and my Self Concluded to visit a High 
  Hill Situated in an emence Plain three Leagues N# 20° W# from the mouth of 
  White Stone river, this hill appear to be of a Conic form and by all the 
  different Nations in this quater is Supposed to be a place of Deavels ors 
  that they are in human form with remarkable large heads and about 18 
  inches high; that they are very watchfull and ar armed with Sharp arrows 
  with which they can kill at a great distance; they are said to kill all 
  persons who are so hardy as to attemp to approach the hill; they state 
  that tradition informs them that many indians have suffered by these 
  little people and among others that three Maha men fell a sacrefice to 
  their murceyless fury not meany years since ¬ so much do the Mahas 
  Souix Ottoes and other neibhbouring nations believe this fable that no 
  consideration is sufficient to induce them to approach this hill. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0219-1804-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th August Friday 1804 Some rain last night, a Continuation this morning; 
  we Set out at the usial time and proceeded on the Course of last night to 
  the (1) Commencement of a blue Clay Bluff of 180 or 190 feet high on the 
  L# S# Those Bluffs appear to have been laterly on fire, and at this time 
  is too hot for a man to bear his hand in the earth at any debth, gret 
  appearance of Coal. An emence quantity of Cabalt or a Cristolised 
  Substance which answers its discription is on the face of the Bluff ¬  Great 
  quantities of a kind of berry resembling a Current except double the Sise 
  and Grows on a bush like a Privey, and the Size of a Damsen deliciously 
  flavoured & makes delitefull Tarts, this froot is now ripe, I took my 
  Servent and a french boy and Walked on Shore Killed Two Buck Elks and a 
  faun, and intersepted the Boat and had all the meat butchered and in by 
  Sun Set at which time it began to rain and rained hard, Cap Lewis & my 
  Self walk out & got Verry wet, a Cloudey rainey night, ¬ In my 
  absence the Boat Passed a Small (2) River Called by the Indians White 
  Stone River. this river is about 30 yards wide and runs thro a Plain & 
  Prarie in its whole Course In a northerley direction from the mouth of 
  this Creek in an imence Plain a high Hill is Situated, and appears of a 
  Conic form and by the different nations of Indians in this quarter is 
  Suppose to be the residence of Deavels. that they are in human form with 
  remarkable large heads and about 18 Inches high, that they are Very 
  watchfull, and are arm'd with Sharp arrows with which they Can Kill at a 
  great distance; they are Said to Kill all persons who are So hardy as to 
  attempt to approach the hill; they State that tradition informs them that 
  many Indians have Suffered by those little people and among others three 
  Mahar men fell a Sacrefise to their murceyless fury not many years Since ¬ So 
  much do the Maha, Souis, Ottoes and other neighbouring nations believe 
  this fable that no Consideration is Suffecient to induce them to apporach 
  the hill 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0220-1804-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday, August 24th This day the Chronometer stoped again just after being 
  wound up; I know not the cause, but fear it procedes from some defect 
  which it is not in my power to remedy. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0221-1804-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
   (1) About the center of this Sand Island the river of white Stone (as 
  Called by Mr# Evins Kenvill R#) falls in on the Stard# Side it appear to 
  be about 25 or 30 yards Wide; at the mouth of this river 10 Indians had 
  latterly cross Supposed be be Soues, the part of a band which are at war 
  with the Mahars, This Soues nation are divided into bands Som 100 to 500 
  men in a band at peace with eath other, ther Interest & prejudices 
  different, for instance one band the most envetterate enimy of the mahars, 
  all the other Bands in the greatest harmony with that nation and even go 
  with thim to War, those Soues, follow the Buffalow, & Kill them on 
  foot, they pack their Dogs, which carry ther Bedn. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0222-1804-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Augt. 25th Satturday 1804 This morning Capt Lewis & my Self G D# Sjt# 
  Ouderway Shields J# Fields colter Bratten Cane Labeeche corp Wovington 
  Frasure & York Set out to Visit this mountain of evel Spirits, we Set 
  out from the mouth of the White Stone Creek, at 8 oClock, at 4 miles Cross 
  the Creek in an open plain, at 7 ms# the dog gave out & we Sent him 
  back to the Creek at 12 oClock we rose the hill Some time before we got to 
  the hill we obsevd. great numbers of Birds hovering about the top of this 
  Mound when I got on the top those Birds flw off. I discovered that they 
  wer Cetechig a kind of flying ant which were in great numbers abought the 
  top of this hill, those insects lit on our hats & necks, Several of 
  them bit me verry Shart on the neck, near the top of this nole I observed 
  three holes which I Supposed to be Prarie Wolves or Braroes, which are 
  numerous in those Plains. this hill is about 70 foot high in an emince 
  Prarie or leavel plain from the top I could not observe any woods except 
  in the Missourie Points and a few Scattering trees on the three Rivers in 
  view. i e the Soues River below, the River Jacque above & the one we 
  have crossed from the top of this Mound we observed Several large gangus 
  of Buffalow & Elk feeding upwards of 800 in number Capt Lewis being 
  much fatigued and verry thursty obliged us to go to the neares water which 
  we Could See, which was the W Stone Creek at right angles from the Course 
  we came out, and we got water in three miles in the Creek above whre the 
  beaver had darned it up after a Delay of about one hour & a half we 
  Set out for our boat, Cross the Creek three times wast deep, passing down 
  an ellgent bottom of about a mile in width bordered by a ridge of about 50 
  feet from the top of which it was leavel to the river, we proceeded on by 
  a Circular Derection to the place we Crossed this Creek going out where we 
  delayed for the men to rest themselves about 40 minits in a small grove 
  here we got Great quantities of the best largest grapes I ever tasted, 
  Some Blue Currents still on the bushes, and two kind of Plumbs, one the 
  Common wild Plumb the other a large Yellow Plumb growing on a Small bush, 
  this blumb is about double the Size of the Common and Deliscously 
  flavoured ¬ Those plains are leavel without much water and no timber 
  all the timber on the Stone River would not thickly timber 100 acres of 
  land ¬ we returned to the boat at Sunset, my Servent nearly exosted 
  with heat thurst and fatigue, he being fat and un accustomed to walk as 
  fast as I went was the Cause ¬ we Set fire to the Praries in two 
  Places to let the Sons know we were on the river and as a Signal for them 
  to Come to the river above, our Party in the Boat & one Perogue undr. 
  the Comd of Sergt# Pryor answered us by firing a prarie near them. we 
  proceeded on to the place we Camped last night, and as it began to rain 
  and verry dark, we Concluded to Stay all night, our boys prepared us a 
  Supper of jurked meet and two Prarie Larks (which are about the Size of a 
  Pigeon and Peculier to this country) and on a Buffalow roabe we Slept 
  verry well in the morning we proceeded on and joined the boat at 6 miles, 
  they had camped & were Jurking an Elk & 5 Deer which R# Fields 
  & Shannon had brough in. from the Mound to the Hill S# S# mo# of R# 
  Soues S 70° E# to the opsd# Hills S# 45° E# and to the woods near River au 
  Jacque is West 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0223-1804-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Augt. 25th Satturday wind S E The Boat under Serjt Pryor after drying some 
  goods which got wet in the french Perogue & jurking the meet killed 
  yesterday Set out at 12 oClock and proceeded on Six miles and Camped on 
  the L# S# passed a Bluff of blue earth at 3 miles and a large Sand Island 
  in a bend to the S# S# at 5 miles, R Fields brought in 5 Deer, G Shannon 
  an Elk this eveng. rain at 3 oClock Murcky. 86 abo 0, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0224-1804-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th August Satturday 1804 a Cloudy morning Capt Lewis & my Self 
  Concluded to go and See the Mound which was viewed with Such turrow by all 
  the different Nation in this quarter, we Selected Shields J# Fields, W 
  Bratten, Sergt# Ordway, J Colter, Can, and Corp Worbington & Frasure, 
  also G# Drewyer and droped down to the mouth of White Stone River where we 
  left the Perogue with two men and at 200 yards we assended a riseing 
  ground of about Sixty feet, from the top of this High land the Countrey is 
  leavel & open as far as Can be Seen, except Some few rises at a Great 
  Distance, and the Mound which the Indians Call Mountain of little people 
  or Spirits this mound appears of a Conic form & is N# 20° W# from the 
  mouth of the Creek, we left the river at 8 oClock, at 4 miles we Crossed 
  the Creek 23 yards wide in an extensive Valley and continued on at two 
  miles further our Dog was So Heeted & fatigued we was obliged Send him 
  back to the Creek, at 12 oClock we arrived at the hill Capt Lewis much 
  fatigued from heat the day it being verry hot & he being in a 
  debilitated State from the Precautions he was obliged to take to provent 
  the affects of the Cobalt, & Mini. Substance which had like to have 
  poisoned him two days ago, his want of water, and Several of the men 
  complaining of Great thirst, deturmined us to make for the first water 
  which was the Creek in a bend N# E# from the mound about 3 miles ¬ aftr 
  a Delay of about 1 hour & a half to recrut our party we Set out on our 
  return down the Creek thro the bottom of about 1 mile in width, Crossed 
  the Creek 3 times to the place we first Struck it, where we geathered Some 
  delisious froot Such as Grapes Plumbs, & Blue Currents after a Delay 
  of an hour we Set out on our back trail & arrived at the Perogue at 
  Sun Set we proceedd on to the place we Campd# last night and Stayed all 
  night. 
  = 
  This Mound is Situated on an elivated plain in a leavel and extensive 
  prarie, bearing N# 20° W# from the mouth of White Stone Creek Nine Miles, 
  the base of the Mound is a regular parallelagram the long Side of which is 
  about 300 yards in length the Shorter 60 or 70 yards ¬ from the longer 
  Side of the Base it rises from the North & South with a Steep assent 
  to the hight of 65 or 70 feet, leaveing a leavel Plain on the top of 12 
  feet in width & 90 in length. the North & South part of this mound 
  is joins by two regular rises, each in Oval forms of half its hight 
  forming three regular rises from the Plain the assent of each elivated 
  part is as Suden as the principal mound at the narrower Sides of its Bass 
  = 
  The reagular form of this hill would in Some measure justify a belief that 
  it owed its Orrigin to the hand of man; but as the earth and loos pebbles 
  and other Substances of which it was Composed, bare an exact resemblance 
  to the Steep Ground which border on the Creek in its neighbourhood we 
  Concluded it was most probably the production of nature. 
  = 
  The only remarkable Charactoristic of this hill admiting it to be a 
  naturial production is that it is insulated or Seperated a considerable 
  distance from any other, which is verry unusial in the naturul order or 
  disposition of the hills. 
  = 
  The Surrounding Plains is open void of Timber and leavel to a great 
  extent; hence the wind from whatever quarter it may blow, drives with 
  unusial force over the naked Plains and against this hill; the insects of 
  various kinds are thus involuntaryly driven to the mound by the force of 
  the wind, or fly to its Leward Side for Shelter; the Small Birds whoes 
  food they are, Consequently resort in great numbers to this place in Surch 
  of them; Perticularly the Small brown Martin of which we saw a vast number 
  hovering on the Leward Side of the hill, when we approached it in the act 
  of Catching those insects; they were So gentle that they did not quit the 
  place untill we had arrivd. within a fiew feet of them ¬  
  = 
  One evidence which the Inds Give for believeing this place to be the 
  residence of Some unusial Spirits is that they frequently discover a large 
  assemblage of Birds about this mound ¬ is in my opinion a Suffient 
  proof to produce in the Savage mind a Confident belief of all the 
  properties which they ascribe it. 
  = 
  from the top of this Mound we beheld a most butifull landscape; Numerous 
  herds of buffalow were Seen feeding in various directions, the Plain to 
  North N# W & N E extends without interuption as far as Can be Seen 
  From the Mound to the mouth of Stone River is S# 20° E 9 miles. 
  = 
  to the woods near the mouth of River Jacque is West 
  = 
  to the High land near the mouth of Souis River is S# 70 E# 
  = 
  to the high land opposit Side or near the Maha Town is S# 45 E# 
  = 
  Some high lands to be Seen from the mound at a Great distance to the N# E 
  Some Nearer to the N W# no woods except on the Missouris Points 
  = 
  if all the timber which is on the Stone Creek was on 100 acres it would 
  not be thickly timbered, the Soil of those Plains are delightfull Great 
  numbers of Birds are Seen in those Plains, Such as black bird, Ren or 
  Prarie burd a kind of larke about the Sise of a Partridge with a Short 
  tail &c# &#. 
  = 
  25th Augt the Boat under the Comd. of Sergt# Pryor proceeded on in our 
  absence (after jurking the Elk I Killed yesterday) Six Miles and Camped on 
  the Larboard Side R Fields brought in five Deer. George Shannon Killed an 
  Elk Buck Some rain this evening. 
  = 
  we Set the Praries on fire as a Signal for the Soues to Come to the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0225-1804-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  August the 25th on our return from the mound of sperits saw the first bats 
  that we had observed since we began to ascend the Missouri 
  = 
  also saw on our return on the Creek that passes this mound about 2 M# 
  distant S# a bird of heron kind as large as the Cormorant short tale long 
  leggs of a colour on the back and wings deep copper brown with a shade of 
  red. we could not kill it therefore I can not describe it more 
  particularly. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0226-1804-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th August Sunday 1804 arrived at the boat at 9 oClock A#M# Set out at 10 
  oClock after Jurking the meet & Cutting the Elk Skins for a Toe Roap 
  and proceeded, leaveing G# Drewyer & Shannon to hunt the horses, the 
  river verry full of Sand bars and Wide Course S# 66° W# 2 mes# to a Sand 
  bar Makeing out from the S# S# N# 82° W# 7 mes# to a pt# of willows S S 
  passd# a Island & large Sand bars on both sides river wide and a Clift 
  of White earth on the L# S of 2 ms# in length to a point of Willows on the 
  S# S opposit Arch Creek above the mouth of this Creek a Chief of the Maha 
  nataton displeased with the Conduct of Black bird the main Chief came to 
  this place and built a Town which was called by his name Petite Arch (or 
  Little Bow) this Town was at the foot of a Hill in a handsom Plain 
  fronting the river and Contained about 100 huts & 200 men, the remains 
  of this tribe Since the Death of Petite arch has joined the remaining part 
  of the nation This Creek is Small ¬ we apt# Pat Gass Sergeant Vice 
  Floyd Dicesed, Geathered great quantites of Grapes & three Kinds of 
  Plumbs, one yellow round, & one ovel, & the Common wild Plumb. 
  Misquetors bad to night ¬ I have apt# you 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0227-1804-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th August Sunday 1804 (Joined the Boat at 9 oClock A M) after Jurking 
  the meat Killed yesterday and prepareing the Elk Skins for a Toe Roape we 
  Set out Leaveing Drewyer & Shannon to hunt the horses which was lost 
  with directions to follow us Keeping on the high lands. 
  = 
  proceeded on passed a Clift of White & Blue or Dark earths of 2 miles 
  in extent on the L# S# and Camped on a Sand bar opposed the old village 
  Called Pitite Arc a Small Creek falls into the river 15 yds wide below the 
  Village on the Same Side L# S this village was built by a Indian Chief of 
  the Maha nation by the name of Pitite arc (or little Bow) displeasd. with 
  the Great Chief of that nation (Black Bird) Seperated with 200 men and 
  built a village at this place. after his death the two villages joined, 
  apt# Pat Gass a Sergt# Vice Floyd Deceased 
  = 
  Great qts# of Grape, Plumbs of three Kinds 2 yellow and large of one of 
  which is long and a 3rd kind round & red all well flavored. 
  perticularly the yellow Sort. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0228-1804-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Orders August 26th 1804. The commanding officers have thought it proper to 
  appoint Patric Gass, a Sergeant in the corps of volunteers for North 
  Western Discovery, he is therefore to be obeyed and respected accordingly. 
  = 
  Sergt# Gass is directed to take charge of the late Sergt# Floyd's mess, 
  and immediately to enter on the discharge of such other duties, as by 
  their previous orders been prescribed for the government of the Sergeants 
  of this corps. 
  = 
  The Commanding officers have every reason to hope from the previous 
  faithfull services of Sergt# Gass, that this expression of their 
  approbation will be still further confirmed, by his vigilent attention in 
  future to his duties as a Sergeant. the Commanding officers are still 
  further confirmed in the high opinion they had previously formed of the 
  capacity, deligence and integrety of Sergt# Gass, from the wish expresssed 
  by a large majority of his comrades for his appointment as Sergeant. 
  = 
  Meriwether Lewis Capt# 1st U#S# Regt Infty. Wm Clark Cpt &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0229-1804-08-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th August Monday, this morning the Morning Star was observed to be very 
  large, G Drewyer Came up and informed that he Could neither find Shannon 
  or the horses, he had walked all night ¬ we Sent Shields & J# 
  Fields back to look for Shannon & the horses and to Come up with us on 
  the river above at the grand Callemet or River KaCure & we Set out 
  under a Gentle Breeze from the S# E# proceeded on passed a Bluff at 7 mes# 
  Several mile in extent of white Clay Marl or Chalk, under this bank we 
  discovered Large Stone resembling lime incrusted with a Substanc like 
  Glass which I take to be Cabolt, also ore, three mes above this Bluff we 
  Set the Prarie on fire, to let the Soues Know, we wished to see them at 
  two oClock an Indian Swam to the Perogue, we landed & two other Came 
  they were boys, they informed us that the Souex were Camped near, on the R#
  Jacke one Maha boy informed us his nation was gorn to make a peace with 
  the Pania's we Send Sjt# Pryor & a frenchman with the Interptr. Mr# 
  Durion to the Camp to See & invite their Great Chiefs to Come and 
  Counsel with us at the Callemet Bluffs  ¿¿  Mile abov on L# S# ¬ we 
  proceed on 11/2 miles farther & Camped S S# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0230-1804-08-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th August Monday 1804 This morning the Star Calld. the morning Star much 
  larger than Common G# Drewyer Came up and informed that he Could neither 
  find Shannon nor horses, we Sent Shields & J Fields, back to hunt 
  Shannon & the horses, with derections to Keep on the Hills to the 
  Grand Calumet above on River Ka cure. 
  = 
  We Set Sail under a gentle Breeze from the S# E# at 7 miles passed a white 
  Clay marl or Chalk Bluff under this Bluff is extensive I discovered large 
  Stone much like lime incrusted with a Clear Substance which I believe to 
  be Cabalt, also ore is imbeded in the Dark earth, resembling Slate much 
  Softer ¬ above this Bluff we had the Prarie Set on fire to let the 
  Souix See that we were on the river, & as a Signal for them to Come to 
  it. 
  = 
  at 2 oClock passed the mouth of River Jacque, or Yeankton one Indian at 
  the mouth of this river Swam to the Perogue, we landed and two others came 
  to us, those Inds# informed that a large Camp of Soues, were on R# Jacque 
  near the mouth. we Sent Sergt# Pryor & a Frenchman with Mr# Durioin 
  the Souls interpeter to the Camp with derections to invite the Principal 
  Chiefs to councel with us at a Bluff above Called the Calumet ¬ two of 
  those Indians accompanied them and the third continued in the Boat Showing 
  an inclination to Continue, this boy is a Mahar, and inform that his 
  nation, were gorn to the Parnias to make a peace with that nation. 
  = 
  We proceeded on about one and a half miles and in Camped on a bar makeing 
  out from the S# S# the wind blew hard from the South. a Cool & 
  Pleasent evening, The river has fallen verry Slowly and is now low. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0231-1804-08-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 27, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 27th On the Stard# shore, opposite to the lower point, or 
  commencement of the white Calk Bluff ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0232-1804-08-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th August Tuesday, 1804 The wind blew hard last night one Indian Stayed 
  with us all night, Set out under a Stiff Breeze from S and proceedd on 
  passe a Willow Island at two miles Several Sand bars the river here is 
  wide & Shallow full of Sand bars ¬ The High land appear to be 
  getting nearer to each other passed a Bluff containing Some white earth on 
  the L# S# below this Bluff for Some mile the Plain rises gradually to the 
  hight of the Bluff which is 70 or 80 foot, here the Indian boy left us for 
  his Camp ¬ Capt Lewis & my Self much indisposed ¬  I think from the 
  Homney we Substitute in place of bread, (or Plumbs) we proceeded on about 
  3 Miles higher and Camped below the Calumet Bluff in a Plain on the L# S# 
  to waite the return of Sergt Pryor & Mr# Durioun, who we Sent to the 
  Soues Camp from the mouth of R# Jacque, before we landed the French rund a 
  Snag thro their Perogue, and like to have Sunk, we had her on loaded, from 
  an examonation found that this Perogue was unfit for Service, & 
  Deturmined to Send her back by the Party intended to Send back and take 
  their Perogue, accordingly Changed the loads, Some of the loading was wet 
  wind blows hard from the South. J Shields & J# Fields joined they did 
  not overtake Shannon with the horses who is a head of us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0233-1804-08-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th August Tuesday 1804. Set out under a Stiff Breeze from the South and 
  proceeded on passd# a willow Island at 2 miles Several Sand bars, the 
  river wide & Shallow at 4 Miles passed a Short White Bluff of about 70 
  or 80 feet high, below this Bluff the Prarie rises gradually from the 
  water back to the Hight of the Bluff which is on the Larboard Side here 
  the Indian who was in the boat returned to the Sisouex Camp on the R#
  Jacque, Capt# Lewis & my Self much indisposed owing to Some Cause for 
  which we cannot account one of the Perogues run a Snag thro her and was 
  near Sinking in the opinions of the Crew ¬ we came too below the 
  Calumet Bluff and formed a camp in a Butifull Plain near the foot of the 
  high land which rises with a gradual assent near this Bluff I observe more 
  timber in the valey & on the points than usial ¬ The Perogue which 
  was injurd I had unloaded and the Loading put into the other Perogue which 
  we intended to Send back, the Perogue & changed the Crew after 
  examoning her & finding that She was unfit for Service deturmined to 
  Send her back by the party Some load which was in the Perogue much inju'd 
  = 
  The wind blew hard this after noon from the South ¬ J# Shields & 
  J# Fields who was Sent back to look for Shannon & the Horses joined us 
  & informed that Shannon had the horses a head and that they Could not 
  over take him This man not being a first rate Hunter, we deturmined to 
  Send one man in pursute of him with Some Provisions. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0234-1804-08-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 28, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Orders August 28th 1804. The commanding officers direct that the two 
  messes who form the crews of the perogues shall scelect each one man from 
  their mess for the purpose of cooking and that these cooks as well as 
  those previously appointed to the messes of the Barge crew, shall in 
  future be exempted from mounting guard, or any detail for that duty; they 
  are therefore no longer to be held on the royaster. 
  = 
  M# Lewis Capt# 1st US# Regt. Infty. Win Clark Cpt# &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0235-1804-08-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th August Wednesday 1804 ¬ rained last night and Some this morning 
  verry cloudy Set Some men to work to make a Toe rope of Elk Skin, and my 
  Self to write, Sent one man to pursue Shannon a head with Some provisions, 
  I am much engaged writeing a Speech at 4 oClock Sergt# Pryor & Mr# 
  Durion the Soues interpeter with about 70 Soues arrived on the opposit 
  Side of the river we Sent over for them, who came over Mr# D# & his 
  Son who was tradeing with the Indians Came over Mr# Durion informed that 
  three Chiefs were of the Party, we Sent over Serjt# Pryor with young Mr# 
  Durion, Six Kettles for the Indians to Cook the meat they Killed on the 
  way from their Camp (2 Elk & 6 Deer) a bout a bucket of Corn & 2 
  twists of Tobacco to Smoke intending to Speak to them tomorrow ¬ G# 
  Drewyer Killed a Deer. Sergt# Pryor informs that when he approached the 
  Indian Camp they Came to meet them Supposeing Cap Lewis or my Self to be 
  of the party intending to take us in a roabe to their Camp ¬ he approached 
  the Camp which was handsum made of Buffalow Skins Painted different 
  Colour, their Camps formed of a Conic form Containing about 12 or 15 
  persons each and 40 in number, on the River Jacque of 100 yds wide & 
  Deep Containing but little wood, They had a fat dog Cooked as a feest; for 
  them, and a Snug aptmt for them to lodge on their march they passed thro 
  plains Covd. with game &# &# &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0236-1804-08-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th August Wednesday 1804 Some rain last night & this morning, Sent 
  on Colter with Provisions in pursute of Shannon, had a Toe roap made of 
  Elk Skin, I am much engaged reriteing ¬ at 4 oClock P M# Sergt# Pryor 
  & Mr# Dorion with 5 Chiefs and about 70 men &c# arrived on the 
  opposite Side we Sent over a Perogue & Mr# Dorrion & his Son who 
  was tradeing with the Indians Came over with Serjt Pryer, and informed us 
  that the Chiefs were there we Sent Serjt# Pryor & yound Mr# Dorion 
  with Som Tobacco, Corn & a few Kitties for them to Cook in, with 
  directions to inform the Chiefs that we would Speek to them tomorrow. 
  Those Indians brought with them for their own use 2 Elk & 6 Deer which 
  the young men Killed on the way from their Camp 12 miles distant. 
  = 
  Serjt# Pryor informs me that when Came near the Indian Camp they were met 
  by men with a Buffalow roabe to Carry them, Mr# Dorion informed "they were 
  not the Owners of the Boats & did not wish to be Carried" ¬  the Sceouex 
  Camps are handson of a Conic form Covered with Buffalow Roabs Painted 
  different Colours and all Compact & hand Somly arranged, covered all 
  round an orpen part in the Center for the fire, with Buffalow roabs each 
  Lodg has a place for Cooking detached, the lodges contain 10 to 15 persons ¬ a 
  Fat Dog was presented as a mark of their Great respect for the party of 
  which they partook hartily and thought it good & well flavored 
  = 
  The River Jacque is Deep & is navagable for Perogues a long distance 
  up at the mouth it is Shallow & narrow but above it is 80 or 90 yards 
  wide passing thro rich Praries with but little timber this river passes 
  the Souex River and heads with the St Peters and a branch of Red river 
  which which falls into Lake Winepik to the North 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0237-1804-08-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th August Thursday 1804 A Foggeie morning I am much engagd. after 
  Brackfast we sent Mr# Doroun in a Perogue to the other Side i'e L S# for 
  the Chiefs and warriers of the Soues, he returned at 10 oClock with the 
  Chiefs, at 12 oClock I finished and we delivered a Speech to the Indians 
  expressive of the wishes of our government and explaining of what would be 
  good for themselves, after delivering the Speech we made one grand Chief 1 
  2d Cheif and three third Chiefs and deliverd. to each a few articles and a 
  Small present to the whole the grand Chief a Parole, Some wampom & a 
  flag in addition to his present, they with Drew and we retired to dinner, 
  Mr# Durions Sun much displeased that he could not dine with Cap Lewis and 
  my Self ¬ the number of Soues present is about 70 men ¬ Dressed in 
  Buffalow roabes a fiew fusees, Bows and arrows, and verry much deckerated 
  with porcupine quills, a Society of which only four remains is present, 
  this Society has made a vow never to giv back let what will happen, out of 
  22 only 4 remains, those are Stout likely men who Stay by them Selves, 
  fond of mirth and assume a degree of Superiority, the air gun astonished 
  them verry much after night a circle was forrm around 3 fires and those 
  Indians danced untill late, the Chiefs looked on with great dignity much 
  pleased with what they had, we retired late and went to bead. wind hard 
  from the South. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0238-1804-08-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of August Thursday 1804 a verry thick fog this morning after 
  Prepareing Some presents for the Chiefs which we intended make by giving 
  Meadals, and finishing a Speech what we intend'd to give them, we Sent Mr# 
  Dorion in a Perogue for the Chiefs & warreirs to a Council under an 
  Oak tree near wher we had a flag flying on a high flag Staff at 12 OClock 
  we met and Cap L# Delivered the Speach & thin made one great Chiff by 
  giving him a meadal & Some Cloathes one 2d# Chief & three third 
  Chiefs in the Same way, They recvd. those thing with the goods and tobacco 
  with pleasure To the Grand Chief we gave a Flag and the parole & 
  wampom with a hat & Chiefs Coat, we Smoked out of the pipe of peace, 
  & the Chiefs retired to a Bourey made of bushes by their young men to 
  Divide their presents and Smoke eate and Council Capt Lewis & my Self 
  retired to dinner and Consult about other measures ¬ Mr# Daurion Jr. 
  much displeased that we did not invite him to dine with us (which he was 
  Sorry for after wards) The Souix is a Stout bold looking people, 
  (the young men hand Som) & well made, the greater part of them make 
  use of Bows & arrows, Some fiew fusees I observe among them, not with 
  Standing they live by the Bow & arrow, they do not Shoot So well as 
  the Northern Indians the Warriers are Verry much deckerated with Paint 
  Porcupin quils & feathers, large leagins & mockersons, all with 
  buffalow roabs of Different Colours. the Squars wore Peticoats & and a 
  white Buffalow roabes with the black hair turned back over their necks 
  & Sholders 
  = 
  I will here remark a Society which I had never before this day heard was 
  in any nation of Indians ¬ four of which is at this time present and 
  all who remain of this Band ¬ Those who become members of this Society 
  must be brave active young men who take a Vow never to give back let the 
  danger be what it may; in War Parties they always go foward without 
  Screening themselves behind trees or any thing else to this Vow they 
  Strictly adheer dureing their Lives ¬ an instanc which happened not 
  long Since, on a party in Crossing the R Missourie on the ice, a whole was 
  in the ice imediately in their Course which might easily have been avoided 
  by going around, the foremost man went on and was lost the others wer 
  draged around by the party ¬ in a battle with the Crow Indians who 
  inhabit the Coul Noir or black mountain out of 22 of this society 18 was 
  Killed, the remaining four was draged off by their Party Those men are 
  likely fellows the Sit together Camp & Dance together ¬  This Society is 
  in imitation of the Societies of the de Curbo or Crow Indians from whome 
  they imitate ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0239-1804-08-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  31st of August Friday rose early a fair Day ¬ a curioes Society among 
  this nation worthey of remark, ie, formed of their active deturmined young 
  men, with a vow never to give back, let the danger or deficuelty be what 
  it may, in war parties they always go forward, without Screening 
  themselves behind trees or anything else, to this vow they Strictly adheer 
  dureing their Lives, an Instance of it, is last winter on a march in 
  Crossing the Missourei a hole was in the ice immediately in their Course 
  which might easily be avoided by going around, the fore most man went on 
  and was drowned, the others were caught by their party and draged aroundin 
  a battle with the Crow de Curbo Indians out of 22 of this Society 18 was 
  killed, the remaining four was draged off by their friends, and are now 
  here ¬ they assocate together Camp together and are merry fellows, 
  This Custom the Souex learned of the de Carbours inhabiting the Gout Noie 
  or Black mountain all the Chiefs Delivered a Speech agreeing to what we 
  Said &# &# & beged which I answered from my notes. We made or 
  gav a certificate to two Brave men the attendants of the Great Chief gave 
  them Some tobacco and prepared a Commission for Mr# Darion to make a peace 
  with all the nations in the neighbourhood, Mahas, Porncases, Panic, Loups, 
  Ottoes and Missouries ¬ & to take to the President Some of the Gt 
  Chiefs of each nations who would accompany him allso to do certain other 
  things, and wrot Instructions ¬ gave him a flag and Some Cloaths ¬ the 
  Chiefs Sent all their young men home, and they Stayed for Mr# Dorion ¬ in 
  the evening late we gave the Comsn. & Instruction to Mr# Durion & 
  he recved them with pleasa, & promised to do all which was necessary. 
  I took a Vocabulary of the Seouex language, and a fiew answers to Some 
  queries I put to Mr# Pitte Dorion respecting the War No# Situation Trad 
  &c# &# of that people which is divided into 20 tribes possessing 
  Sepperate interest they are numerous between 2 & 3000 men, divided 
  into 20 tribes who view their interests as defferent Some bands at War 
  with Nations which other bands are at peace ¬ This nation call 
  themselves ¬ Dar co tar. The french call them Souex Their language is not 
  perculiar to themselves as has been Stated, a great many words is the Same 
  with the Mahas, Ponckais, Osarge, Kanzies &c# Clearly proves to me 
  those people had the Same Oregean ¬ this nations inhabit the red river 
  of Hudson bay St# Peters Missippi, Demoin R# Jacque & on the Missourie 
  they are at War with 20 nations, and at piece with 8 only ¬ they 
  recved their trade from the British except a few on the Missourie they 
  furnish Beaver Martain Loues orter, Pekon Bear and Deer and have forty 
  Traders at least among them. The names of the Different bands of this 
  nation are ¬  
  = 
  1st Che the ree or Bois ruley (the present band) Inhabit the Souex Jacque 
  & Demoin Rivers 
  = 
  2nd Ho in de bor to or poles. They live on the head of the Suouex River 
  = 
  3rd Me ma car jo (or make fence on the river.) the Country near the Big 
  bend of the Missouri. 
  = 
  4th Son on to ton (People of the Prarie) they rove North of the Missourie 
  in the Praries above. 
  = 
  5th Wau pa Coo do (Beeds) they live near the Prarie de Chaine on the 
  Missippi 
  = 
  6th Te tar ton (or Village of Prarie) on the waters of the Mississippi 
  above Prate de Chain (Dog Prarie) 
  = 
  7th Ne was tar ton (Big Water Town) on the Mississippi above the mouth of 
  the St# Peters River. 
  = 
  8th Wau pa to (Leaf Nation). 10 Leagues up St# Peters 
  = 
  9th Cass car ba (White man) 35 Lgs. up St Peters 
  = 
  10 Mi ac cu op si ba (Cut Bank) reside on the head of St# Peters river 
  = 
  11 Son on ¬ on St# Peters in the Praries 
  = 
  12th Se si toons ¬ 40 Leagues up St Peters. 
  = 
  The names of the other tribes I could not get In 
  = 
  31st August 1804 Speeches 
  = 
  at 8 oClock the Chiefs and warriers met us in Council all with their pipes 
  with the Stems presented towards us, after a Silence of abt#  ¿¿  The 
  great Chief Dressed himself in his fine Cloathes and two warriers in the 
  uniform and armer of their Nation Stood on his left with a War Club & 
  Speer each, & Dressed in feathurs. 
  = 
  The Shake hand 1st Chief Spoke 
  = 
  My Father. I am glad to here the word of my G# F. and all my warriers and 
  men about me are also glad. 
  = 
  My Father. ¬ now I see my two fathers the Children, of my great 
  father, & what you have Said I believe and all my people do believ 
  also 
  = 
  My Father ¬ We are verry glad you would take pitty on them this Day, 
  we are pore and have no powder and ball. 
  = 
  My Father. ¬ We are verry Sorry our women are naked and all our 
  children, no petiecoats or cloathes 
  = 
  My Father ¬ You do not want me to Stop the boats going up if we See, 
  = 
  I wish a man out of your boat to bring about a peace, between all the 
  Indians, & he can do So. 
  = 
  My Father ¬ Listen to what I say I had an English medal when I went to 
  See them, I went to the Spanoriards they give me a meadel and Some goods, 
  I wish you would do the Same for my people. 
  = 
  My Father. ¬ I have your word I am glad of it & as Soon as the Ice 
  is don running I will go down & take with me, Some great men of the 
  other bands of the Soues 
  = 
  My Father ¬ I will be glad to See My Grand Father but our Women has 
  got no Cloathes and we have no Powder & Ball, take pity on us this 
  day. 
  = 
  My Father ¬ I want to listen and observe wath you Say, we want our old 
  friend (Mr# Durion) to Stay with us and bring the Indians with my Self 
  down this Spring. 
  = 
  My Father ¬ I opend my ears and all my yound men and we wish you to 
  let Mr# Durion Stay, and a Perogue for to take us down in the Spring. 
  = 
  The speach of th White Crain Mar to ree 2d Chief 
  = 
  My Fathr's listen to my word, I am a young man and do not intend to talk 
  much, but will Say a few words. 
  = 
  My Father ¬ my father was a Chief, and you have made me a Chief I now 
  think I am a chief agreeable to your word as I am a young man and 
  inexperienced, cannot say much What the Great Chief has Said is as much as 
  I could Say 
  = 
  Par nar ne Ar par be Struck by the Pana 3d Chief 
  = 
  My father's I cant Speek much I will Speek a litle to you 
  = 
  My fathers. ¬ ther's the Chiefs you have made high, we will obey them, 
  as also my young men, the Pipe I hold in my hand is the pipe of my father, 
  I am pore as you See, take pity on me I believe what you have Said 
  = 
  My fathers ¬ You think the great meadel you gave My great Chief 
  pleases me and the small one you gave me gives me the heart to go with him 
  to See my Great father. What the Great Chief has Said is all I could Say. 
  I am young and Cant Speek. 
  = 
  A Warrier by name Tar ro mo nee Spoke 
  = 
  My father ¬ I am verry glad you have made this man our great 
  = 
  Chief, the British & Spaniards have acknowledged him before but never 
  Cloathed him. you have Cloathed him, he is going to see our Great father, 
  We do not wish to spear him but he must go and see his great father 
  = 
  My Fathr's, my great Chief must go and See his Gd father, give him some of 
  your milk to Speek to his young men, 
  = 
  My father. our people are naked, we wish a trader to Stop among us, I 
  would be verry glad our two fathers would give us some powder and ball and 
  some Milk with the flag. 
  = 
  Speech of Ar ca we char chi the half man 3d Chief 
  = 
  My fathr's I do not Speak verry well, I am a pore man and 
  = 
  My Fathr's. I was once a Chiefs boy now I am a man and a Chief of Some 
  note 
  = 
  My Fat hr's ¬ I am glad you have made my old Chief a fine and a great 
  man, I have been a great warrier but now I here your words, I will berry 
  my hatchet and be at peace with all & go with my Great Chief to see my 
  great father. 
  = 
  My fath-s. When I was a young man I went to the Spaniards to see ther 
  fassion, I like you talk and will pursue you advice, Since you have given 
  me a meadal. I will tell you the talk of the Spaniards 
  = 
  My Father's. ¬ I am glad my Grand father has sent you to the read 
  people on this river, and that he has given us a flag large and handsom 
  the Shade of which we can Sit under 
  = 
  My Fathr's. ¬ We want one thing for our nation very much we have no 
  trader, and often in want of goods 
  = 
  My Fathers ¬ I am glad as well as all around me to here your word, and 
  we open our ears, and I think our old Frend Mr# Durion can open the ears 
  of the other bands of Soux. but I fear those nations above will not open 
  their ears, and you cannot I fear open them 
  = 
  My Fathers. You tell us that you wish us to make peace with the Ottoes 
  & M# You have given 5 Medles I wish you to give 5 Kigz with them 
  = 
  My Fathers. ¬ My horses are pore running the Buffalow give us 
  = 
  Some powder and ball to hunt with, and leave old Mr# Durion with us to get 
  us a trader 
  = 
  My Father. ¬ The Spaniards did not keep the Medal of the Token of our 
  Great Chief when they gave him one You have Dressed him and I like it I am 
  pore & take pitey on me 
  = 
  My fathers ¬ I am glad you have put heart in our great Chief he can 
  now speak with confidence, I will support him in all your Councilsafter 
  all the chief presented the pipe to us 
  = 
  The Half man rose & spoke as follows viz. 
  = 
  My father ¬ What you have Said is well, but you have not given any 
  thing to the attendants of the Great Chiefs after which 
  = 
  In the evening late we gave Mr# Dorion a bottle of whiskey and himself 
  with the Chiefs Crossed the river and Camped on the opposit bank Soon 
  after a violent Wind from the N W# accompanied with rain 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0240-1804-08-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  31st of August We gave a Certificate to two Men of War, attendants on the 
  Chief gave to all the Chiefs a Carrot of Tobacco ¬ had a talk with Mr# 
  Dorion, who agreed to Stay and Collect the Chiefs from as many Bands of 
  Soux as he coud this fall & bring about a peace between the Sciuex 
  & their neighbours &# &c# &c# 
  = 
  after Dinner we gave Mr# Peter Darion, a Comission to act with a flag 
  & some Cloathes & Provisions & instructions to bring about a 
  peace with the Scioux Mahars, Panies, Ponceries, Ottoes & Missouries ¬ and 
  to employ any trader to take Some of the Cheifs of each or as many of 
  those nations as he Could Perticularly the Sceiouex ¬ I took a 
  Vocabulary of the Scioux Language ¬ and the Answer to a fiew quaries 
  Such as refured to ther Situation, Trade, number War, &c# &c# ¬ This 
  Nation is Divided into 20 Tribes, possessing Seperate interests ¬  
  Collectively they are noumerous Say from 2 to 3000 men, their interests 
  are so unconnected that Some bands are at war with Nations which other 
  bands are on the most friendly terms. This Great Nation who the French has 
  given the nickname of Sciouex, Call them selves Dar co tar their language 
  is not peculiarly their own, they Speak a great number of words, which is 
  the Same in every respect with the Maha, Poncaser, Osarge & Kanzies. 
  which Clearly proves that those nation at Some Period not more that a 
  century or two past the Same nation ¬ Those Dar ca ter's or Scioux 
  inhabit or rove over the Countrey on the Red river of Lake Winipeck, St# 
  Peter's & the West of the Missippie above Prarie De chain heads of 
  River Demoin, and the Missouri and its waters on the N# Side for a great 
  extent. They are only at peace with 8 Nations, & agreeable to their 
  Calculation at war with twenty odd. Their trade Corns from the 
  British, except this Band and one on Demoin who trade with the Traders of 
  St Louis ¬ The furnish Beaver Martain, Loues Pikon, Bear and Deer 
  Skins and have about 40 Traders among them. The Dar co tar or Sceouex rove 
  & follow the Buffalow raise no corn or any thing else the woods & 
  praries affording a Suffcency, the eat Meat, and Substitute the Ground 
  potato which grow in the Plains for bread The names of the Different 
  Tribes or Canoes of the Sceoux or Dar co tar Nation 
  = 
  1st Che cher ree Yank ton (or bois rulay) now present inhabit the Sciouex 
  & Demoin rivers and the Jacques. 
  = 
  2nd Hoin de borto (Poles) they rove on the heads of Souix & Jacqus 
  Rivers ¬  
  = 
  3rd Me ma car jo (make fence of the river) rove on the Countrey near the 
  big bend of the Missouries 
  = 
  4th Sou on, Teton (People of the Prarie) the rove in the Plains N# of the 
  Riv Missouries above this 
  = 
  5th Wau pa coo tar (Leaf beds) the live near the Prare de Chain near the 
  Missippi 
  = 
  6th Te tar ton (or village of Prarie) rove on the waters of the 
  Mississippi above Prarie de Chain 
  = 
  7th Ne was tar ton (big water Town) rove on the Missippi above the St# 
  Peters River 
  = 
  8th Wau pa tow (Leaf nation) live 10 Leagues up St Peters river 
  = 
  9th Cas Car ba (white man) live 35 Leagus up St Peters river 
  = 
  10th Mi ca cu op si ba (Cut bank) rove on the head of St# Peters 
  = 
  11th Sou on (-) rove on St peters river in the Prareis 
  = 
  12th Sou si toons (-) live 40 Legus up the St peters river 
  = 
  The names of the other bands neither of the Souex's interpters could 
  inform me. in the evening late we gave Mr# Dourion a bottle of whiskey, 
  & he with the Cheifs & his Son Crossed the river and Camped on the 
  Opposit bank ¬ Soon after night a violent wind from the N W# with rain 
  the rain Continud the greater part of the night The river a riseing a 
  little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0241-1804-08-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  August the 31st 1804 after the Indians got their Brackfast the Chiefs met 
  and arranged themselves in a row with elligent pipes of peace all pointing 
  to our Seets, we Came foward and took our Seets, the Great Cheif The Shake 
  han rose and Spoke to Some length aproving what we had Said and promissing 
  to pursue the advice. 
  = 
  Mar to ree 2d Cheif (White Crain) rose and made a Short Speech and refured 
  to the great Chief 
  = 
  Par nar ne Ar par be 3rd Cheif rose and made a Short Speech 
  = 
  Ar ca we char the (the half man) 3d Chief rose & spoke at Some length. 
  Much to the purpose. 
  = 
  The othe Cheif Said but little one of the warreirs Spoke after all was don 
  & promissed to Support the Chiefs, the promisd to go and See their 
  Great father in the Spring with Mr# Dorion, and to do all things we had 
  advised them to do. and all Concluded by telling the distresses of ther 
  nation by not haveing traders, & wished us to take pity on them, the 
  wanted Powder Ball & a little milk 
  = 
  last night the Indians Danced untill late in their dances we gave them Som 
  knives Tobaco & belts & tape & Binding with which they wer 
  Satisfied 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0242-1804-09-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September 1st Satturday 1804 Mr# Durion left his Kettle which we gave him, 
  which we Sent to him and Set out under a gentle Breeze from the South 
  (raind half the last night,) proceded on ¬ pass Calumet Bluff of a 
  yellowish read & a brownish white Hard clay, this Bluff is about 170 
  or 180 foot high here the highlands aproach the river on each Side with a 
  jentle assent, opsd# the Bluff a large Island Covered with timber is 
  Situated Close to the L# S# we passed the Island opposit which the high 
  land approach the river on both Side (river ros 3 Inchs last night) passed 
  a large Island Covered with wood on the L# S# Some rain, cloudy all day ¬ the 
  river wide & Hils close on each Side, Came to before night to go & 
  See a Beaver house which is 11/2 Miles to the L# S# of the riv Cap Lewis 
  & my self with two men went to See this house which was represented as 
  high & situated in a Small pond. we could not find the Pon. Drewyer 
  Killed a Buck Elk, it is not necessary to mention fish as we catch them at 
  any place on the river, Camped at the lower point of Bonhomme Island ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0243-1804-09-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September 1st Satturday 1804 Mr# Dourion left his Kettle & Sent back 
  for it &c# We Set out under a jentle Breeze from the S# (It rained 
  half the last night) proceeded on pass the Bluffs Compsd# of a yellowish 
  red, & brownish White Clay which is a hard as Chalk this Bluff is 170 
  or 180 feet high, here the High lands approach near the river on each 
  Side, that on the S# S# not So high as that on the L# S# opposit the 
  Bluffs is Situated a large Island Covered with timber close under the L# 
  S# above the Isd the high land approach & form a Clift to the river on 
  the S# S# this Clift is Called White Bear Clift one of those animals 
  haveing been killed in a whole in it 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0244-1804-09-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of September Satturday 1804 Some hard wind and rain, Cloudy all day, 
  the river wide & hills on each Side near the river, passd# a large (1) 
  Island which appeared to be composed of Sand, Covered with Cotton wood 
  close under the S# S# we landed at the Lower point of a large Island on 
  the S# S# Called bon homme or Good man, here Capt Lewis & my Self went 
  out a Short distance on the L# S# to See a Beave house, which was Said to 
  be of Great hite & Situated in a Pond we could not find the house and 
  returned after night Drewyer killed an Elk, & a Beaver. numbers of Cat 
  fish cought, those fish is so plenty that we catch them at any time and 
  place in the river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0245-1804-09-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of Sept. Sunday 1804 ¬ Set out early & proceeded on passed the 
  Island & Came too above below a yellow Bluff on the S S# the Wind 
  being hard from the N W# verry Cold Some rain all day much Thunder & 
  lightning G Drewyer R# Fields Howard & Newmon Killed four fat Elk on 
  the Isld# we had them Jurked &the Skins Stretched to Cover the 
  Perogues water riseing, I observe Bear grass & Rhue in the Sides of 
  the hills at Sunset the wind luled and cleared up cool ¬ Aired the 
  meet all in high Spirits ¬ Shannon & the man Sent after him has 
  not yet joind us 
  = 
    <h3> 
  2 Sepr. description of a antient fortification 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  (1) From the river on the top of the antient fortification at this the 12 
  foot high 75 feet Base first Corse is from the river is S 76° W 96 yards. 
  S 84° W# 53 yds# at this angle a kind of ravilene covering a Saleport, 
  bearing East widing N 69 W 300 yds# passed a gate way at 280 yds# the bank 
  lower & forming a right angle of 30 yards ¬ two wings or mounds 
  running from a high nold to the West of the way one 30 yards back of the 
  other Covering the gate (at this place the mound is 15 feet 8 Inches 
  higher than the plain forming a Glassee outwards & 105 feet base N# 32 
  W# 56 yards N# 20 W# 73 yards this part of the work is about 12 feet high, 
  leavel & about 16 feet wide on the top) at the experation of this 
  course a low irregular work in a Direction to the river, out Side of which 
  is several ovel mounds of about 16 feet high and at the iner part of the 
  Gouge a Deep whole across the Gauge N# 
  = 
  32 W 96 yds# to the Commencment of a wall of about 8 feet high N#81° W# 
  533 yards to a Deep pond 73 yds in Deamuter, and 200 yards further to a 
  Saleport, where there is evident marks of its being Covered, the Same 
  Course Contined 1030 yards to the river bottom. 
  = 
  One half of the first part of the Fortification is washed into the river, 
  a Second line, has run from the Northrn extremity parrelel with the river 
  (as it appears to have run at that time) N# 56 W# this of different hith 
  from 4 to to 10 feet ¬ The high land is about 3 me# from this 
  fortress, and rise to Small mountains Say from 3 to 400 feet the high land 
  on the opposit or North Side of the Missourie is 110 feet forming a yellow 
  Clay bluff to the water and is leavel back as fur as can be Seen. I am 
  informed by the inteperter & french, that they have Seen, numbers of 
  those fortifications in different parts of this Cty. pirtcularly on the 
  Platt Kansies and the North of this place on the river Jacque. 
  = 
  two Small fortifications is on the Arc Creek on the upper side 1st 1/4 of 
  a mile up & the 2d 1/4 higher, nearly Square each angle 100 yards 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0246-1804-09-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd September Sunday 1804 Set out early and proceeded on Passed the Island 
  and Landed on the S# S above under a yellow Clay bluff of 110 feet high, 
  the wind blew verry hard a head from the N# W# with Some rain and verry 
  Cold, G# Drewnyer R# Fields Newman & howard Killed four fine Elk we 
  had the meat all jurked and the Skins Dried to Cover the Perogue, on the 
  Side of the Bluff I observed Bear Grass & Rhue, at Sun Set the wind 
  luled and Cleared up Cold, the high land on the L# S# is verry high, & 
  uneaven, that on the S# S from 80 to 120 foot & is leavel back but 
  fiew Small Streems falling into the river. 
  = 
  I went out and made a Survey of the antient works which is Situated in a 
  level plain about 3 miles from the hills which are high. 
  = 
  A Discription of the Fortification 
  = 
   (1) Commenceing on the river opsid the Good Mans Island, first Course from 
  the river is 
  = 
  S# 76d W# 96 yards thence 
  = 
  S# 84 W# 53 yards (at this angle a kind of angle or horn work) 
  = 
  N# 69 W# 300 yards to a high part, passing the gateway Covered by two half 
  Circler works one back of the other lower than the main work the gate 
  forms a right angle projecting inward 
  = 
  N#32 W# 56 yards 
  = 
  N 20 W# 73 yards This part of the work appears to have either double, or a 
  covered way. from this Some irregular works appear to have been on mounds 
  between this and the river with a Deep round whole in the center of a 
  gorge formed by another angle  ¬  ¬ (578) 
  = 
  This part of the work is from 10 to 15 feet 8 Inches ¬ the mounds of 
  various hights ¬ the base of the work is from 75 to 105 feet, steep 
  inward and forming a kind of Glassee out wards 
  = 
  the Same Cours continued i e 
  = 
  N# 32°W# 96 yards to the Commencement of a wall from 8 to 10 feet high 
  this corse not on the wall but thro to the commencment of another detached 
  = 
  N# 81° W 1830 yards to the river & above where this bank Strikes the 
  river is the remains of a Circular work 
  = 
  in this Course at 533 yards a Deep Pond of 73 yards Diameter perfectly 
  round is in the Course of the bank which is about 8 feet high, from this 
  Pond the bank it lowers gradually ¬ a bank about the Same hight runs 
  near the river, and must have joined the main work at a part which is now 
  washed into the river, this is also perfectly Streight and widens from the 
  main work, as the river above has washed in its banks for A great distance 
  I cannot form an Idear How those two long works joined ¬ where they 
  Strike the river above, they are about 1100 yds apart, I am informed by 
  our freench interpeters that a great number of those antint works are in 
  Different parts of this Countrey, on the Platt River, Kansus, Jacque, 
  Osarge Mine river &c# 
  = 
  Small one is on Island opposit the one I have Discribed, and two of our 
  Party Saw two of those antient frtresses on the Pittiet Arc Creek on the 
  upper Side near the mouth, each angle of which were 100 yards and about 8 
  feet high ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0247-1804-09-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd September Monday 1804. Set out at Sun rise, verry Cold morning clear 
  and but little wind from the N W# we proceeded on, the river wide, took an 
  obsivation below Plumb Creek which mouths on the S S# this Creek is Small 
  & corns in between 2 white banks, Great quantities of Plumbs of a most 
  delisious flavour, I have collected the Seed of 3 Kinds which I intend to 
  Send to my brother, also Som grapes of a Superior quallity large & 
  well flavoured, the river is riseing a little, Several wild Goats Seen in 
  the Plains they are wild & fleet Elk & Buffalow is verry plenty, 
  Scercely any timber in Countrey except a little on the river in the 
  Points. Saw Some Signs of the 2 men who are a head, Colter has not over 
  taken Shannon Camped on the L# S# at the edge of a Plain ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0248-1804-09-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of September Monday 1804 a verry Cold morning wind from N# W# we Set 
  out at Sun rise, & proceeded on to a Bluff below the mouth of Plumb 12 
  yds# Creek on the S# S# and took an obsevation of the Suns Altitude 
  = 
  This Creek is Small it "abounds with blumbs of a Delicious flavour" the 
  River is wide and Crouded with Sand bars ¬ it is riseing a little but 
  little timber in this Countrey all that is, is on the river in the points. 
  we Came too on the L# Sin the edge of a Plain an Camped for the night ¬ we 
  Saw Some Signs of the two men Shannon & Colter, Shannon appeared to be 
  a head of Colter ¬ The White banks appear to Continu on both sides of 
  the river. Grapes plenty and finely flavered ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0249-1804-09-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th of September Tuesday 1804. a verry Cold wind from South E# by S# we 
  Set out early proceeded on to the mouth of a Small Creek in the bend to 
  the L# S# Called white line at 11/2 miles furthr passed the mouth of a R#
  au platte or White paint Cr about 25 yd# on Same Side Called, I walked on 
  the top of the hill forming a Cliff Covd. with red Ceeder an extensive 
  view from this hill, at 3 Miles from the Creek the high land jut the river 
  forming a Bluff of Bluish Clay Continu 11/2 miles Came to at the mouth of 
  Qui courre (rapid) this river Comes roleing its Sands whuch (is corse) 
  into the Missouris from the S W by W# this river is 152 yards across the 
  water and not exeeding 4 feet Deep it does not rise high when it Does it 
  Spreds over a large Surface, and is not navagable it has a Great many 
  Small Islands & Sand bars I went up this river 3 miles to the Spot the 
  Panis once had a large Village on the upper Side in a butifull extensive 
  Plain riseing gradially from the river I fel into a Buffalow road joined 
  the boat late at night at the Pania Island. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0250-1804-09-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th September Tuesday 1804 a verry Cold wind from the S# S# E, we Set out 
  early and proceeded on the mouth of a Small Creek in a bend to the L# S# 
  Called White lime, at 11/2 miles higher up passed a large Creek on the L# 
  S# Called or white paint between those two Creeks (the latter of which is 
  abt# 30 yds# wide) we passed under a Bluff of red Ceeder, at 4 mes# 1/2 
  passed the mouth of the River Que Courre (rapid R# on the L# S# and Came 
  to a Short distance above, this River is 152 yards wide at the mouth & 
  4 feet Deep Throwing out Sands like the Platt (only Corser) forming bars 
  in its mouth, I went up this river three miles to a butifull Plain on the 
  upper Side where the Panias once had a Village this river widens above its 
  mouth and is devided by Sand and Islands, the Current verry rapid, not 
  navagable for even Canoos without Great dificulty owing to its Sands; the 
  colour like that of the Plat is light the heads of this river is not 
  known, it Corns into the Missourie from the S# W# by West, and I am told 
  that is Genl. Course Some distance up is parrelel with the Missourie 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0251-1804-09-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th September 1804 Wednesday, Set out early the wind blew hard from the 
  South as it has for Some Days past, we Set up a jury mast & Sailed, I 
  saw a large gangue of Turkeys, also Grous Seen Passed a large Island of 
  about 3 miles long in the Middle of the river opposit the head of this 
  Island the Poncarre River Coms into the Missourei on the L# S# ¬ the 
  S# S is a Clift under which great numbers of Springs run out of mineral 
  water, Saw Several wild goats on the Clift & Deer with black tales, ¬  
  Sent Shields & Gibson to the Poncas Towns, which is Situated on the 
  Ponca river on the lower side about two miles from its mouth in an open 
  butifull Plain, at this time this nation is out hunting the biffalow they 
  raise no corn or Beens, Gibson killed a Buffalow in the Town, The two men 
  which has been absent several Days is ahead, we came to on the upper pt# 
  of a large Island at 3 oClock to make a mast Sent out Some hunters on the 
  Island (which I call no preserve Island, at this place we used the last of 
  our Preservs) They killed 3 bucks, & two Elk which welurked 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0252-1804-09-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September 5th Wednesday 1804 Set out early the winds blew hard from the 
  South, Goats turkeys Seen to day, passed a large Island (1) opsd# this 
  Island near the head the Poncasar River Coms into the Missourie from the 
  West this river is about 30 yards wide. dispatched two men to the 
  Poncaries Village Situated in a handsom Plain on the lower Side of this 
  Creek about two miles from the Missourie (the Poncasars nation is Small 
  and at this time out in the praries hunting the Buffalow), one of the men 
  Sent to the Village Killed a Buffalow in the town, the other, a large Buck 
  near it, Some Sign of the two men who is a head. 
  = 
  above the Island on the S# S We passed under a Bluff of Blue earth, under 
  which Seveal Mineral Springs broke out of the water of which had a taste 
  like Salts, we Came too on the upper point of a large Island (which I call 
  No preserves Island) here we made a Ceeder Mast, our hunters brought in 
  three bucks, and two elks this evening which we had jurked 
  = 
  One of the hunter Shields, informed that he Saw Several black tailed Deer, 
  near the Poncaser Village 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0253-1804-09-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 5, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sept 5th saw some wild goats or antelopes on the hill above the Glauber 
  Salts Springs they ran off we could not discover them sufficiently 
  distinctly to discribe even their colour their track is as large as a deer 
  reather broader & more blont at the point 
  = 
  This day one of our hunters brought us a Serpent beautifully variagated 
  with small black spotts of a romboydal form on a light yellow white ground 
  the black pedominates most on the back the whiteis yellow on the sides, 
  and it is nearly white on the belly with a few party couloured scuta on 
  which the black shews but imperfectly and the colouring matter seems to be 
  underneath the Scuta ¬ it is not poisonous it hisses remarkably loud; 
  it has 221 Scuta on the belly and 51 on the tale, the eyes are of a dark 
  black colour the tale terminates in a sharp point like the substance of a 
  cock's spur ¬ Length 4 Ft. 6 I# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0254-1804-09-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th Septr Thursday 1804, a Storm this morning from the N W# at day light 
  which lasted a fiew minits, Set out after the Storm was over and proceeded 
  on a hard wind ahead passed the island which is Seperated from the L# Side 
  by a narrow Channel. the morning is verry Cold. 
  = 
  Camped on S# Side before night no timbering in reach ahead, R# Fields 
  killed 2 Deer Saw Buffalow, & Goats this evening, the river riseing a 
  little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0255-1804-09-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 6th Thursday 1804 a Storm this morning from the N# W# which lasted 
  a fiew minits, we Set out and proceeded on passed the head of the Isd# 
  which is Seperated from the L# S by a narrow Channel, a hard wind from the 
  N# W# a verry Cold day ¬ we Camped on the S# S# at the upper point of 
  Some timber, Some time before night, no timber, no timber being in reach. 
  = 
  I saw Several goats on the hills on the S# S# also Buffalow in great 
  numbers 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0256-1804-09-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th September Friday 1804. a verry Cold morning Set out at Day light 
  = 
  near the foot of this high Nole we discovered a Village of an annamale the 
  french Call the Prarie Dog which burrow in the grown & with the rattle 
  Snake and Killed one & Caught one Dog alive caught in a whole 2 frogs 
  near the hole Killed a Dark Rattle Snake with a Prairie dog in him 
  = 
  The Village of those little dogs is under the ground a conisiderable 
  distance we dig under 6 feet thro rich hard clay without getting to their 
  Lodges Some of their wholes we put in 5 barrels of water without driveing 
  them out, we caught one by the water forceing him out. ther mouth resemble 
  the rabit, head longer, legs short, & toe nails 
  = 
  long ther tail like a ground Squirel which they Shake and make chattering 
  noise ther eyes like a dog, their colour is Gray and Skin contains Soft 
  fur 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0257-1804-09-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th Septr. 1804 Septr. 7th Friday a verry Cold morning Set out at day 
  light we landed after proceding 51/2 miles, near the foot of a round 
  mounting which I saw yesterday resembling a dome. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis & my Self walked up, to the top which forms a Cone and is 
  about 70 feet higher than the high lands around it, the Bass is about 300 
  foot in decending this Cupola, discovered a Village of Small animals that 
  burrow in the grown (those animals are Called by the french Pitite Chien) 
  Killed one & Cought one a live by poreing a great quantity of water in 
  his hole we attempted to dig to the beds of one of thos animals, after 
  diging 6 feet, found by running a pole down that we were not half way to 
  his Lodges, we found 2 frogs in the hole, and killed a Dark rattle Snake 
  near with a Ground rat in him, (those rats are numerous) the Village of 
  those animals Covs. about 4 acrs of Ground on a Gradual decent of a hill 
  and Contains great numbers of holes on the top of which those little 
  animals Set erect make a Whistleing noise and whin allarmed Slip into 
  their hole ¬ we por'd into one of the holes 5 barrels of water without 
  filling it, Those Animals are about the Size of a Small Squrel Shorter 
  & thicker, the head much resembling a Squirel in every respect, except 
  the ears which is Shorter, his tail like a ground Squirel which thy Shake 
  & whistle when allarmd. the toe nails long, they have fine fur & 
  the longer hair is gray, it is Said that a kind of Lizard also a Snake 
  reside with those animals. Camped 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0258-1804-09-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis and Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 8, 1804 
@section 3 {txlc}
  8th of September 1804 Satturday. Set out early and proceeded on under a 
  Gentle breese from the S# E# at 3 mes passed the place where Trodow 
  wintered one winter 
  = 
  I went out to day on the S# S with a view to find Some of the little dogs, 
  and Coats, Traveled over a riged and mountanious Countrey without water 
  & riseing to 5 or 600 hundred feet, Islands & Sands interveneing 
  prevt. my getting to the boat untill after night, in my absent Capt# Lewis 
  killed a Buffalow, I saw Greid many Buffalow & white wolves. (Sailed 
  all day) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0259-1804-09-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of September Satturday Set out early and proceeded on under a gentle 
  Breeze from the S# E, at 3 mes# passed the house of Troodo where he 
  wintered in 96. Called the Pania house, above is high hills on the S# S# 
  on the S# S# much higher hills than usial appear to the North distant 8 
  miles recently burnt ¬  pass 3 Small Islands at about 5 miles on this Course 
  on the S# S# here Capt# Lewis Killed a Buffalow in the river, and this men 
  one other Came to on the lower point of an Island in the midlle of the 
  river Called Boat Island and incamped, jurked the meet Killed to day 
  Consisting of 2 buffalow, one large Buck Elk one Small, 4 Deer 3 Turkeys 
  & a Squirel, I joined the boat at this Camp, The Countrey on the S S# 
  is pore & broken. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0260-1804-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark and Whitehouse
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1804 
@section 3 {txcw}
  9th Septembr Sunday, Set out at Sunrise and proceeded on passed the Island 
  Several gangus of Buffalow on the Sides of the hils on the L# S# halted on 
  L# Side took breakfast. Capt# Clark walked on Shore, we proceeded on 
  = 
  R# Fields came to the Boat had killed one Buffalow. passed red ceeder on 
  the edge of the hills on bouth Sides of the river but most on the bluff on 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0261-1804-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th September Sunday 1804 Set out at Sunrise and proceeded on passed the 
  head of the Island on which we Camped, passed three Sand & willow 
  Islands, the Sand bars So noumerous, it is not worth mentioning them, the 
  river Shoal or Shallow wind S E Came too and Camped on a Sand bar on the 
  L# S# Capt Lewis went out to Kill a buffalow. I walked on Shore all this 
  evening with a view to Kill a Goat or Some Prarie Dogs in the evening 
  after the boat landed, I Derected my Servent York with me to kill a 
  Buffalow near the boat from a numbr. then Scattered in the plains, I saw 
  at one view near the river at least 500 Buffalow, those animals have been 
  in view all day feeding in the Plains on the L# S# every Copse of timber 
  appear to have Elk or Deer. D# Killed 3 Deer, I Kiled a Buffalow Y. 2, R# 
  Fields one. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0262-1804-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sept. 9th Capt# Clark found on the Lard shore under a high bluff issuing 
  from a blue earth a bittuminus matter resembling molasses in consistance, 
  colour and taste ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0263-1804-09-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th September Monday a Cloudy morning Set out early under a Gentle Breeze 
  from the S E# passed two Small Islands one on the L# S# & the other on 
  the S# S# both in the first Course at 101/2 miles passed the lower pt# of 
  Ceder Island Situated in a bend to the L# S# this Island is about 2 miles 
  long Covered with red Ceder, the river is verry Shallow opsd# this Island ¬ below 
  the Island on the top of a ridge we found a back bone with the most of the 
  entire laying Connected for 45 feet those bones are petrified, Some teeth 
  & ribs also Connected. at 3 mes# above ceder I passed a large Island 
  on the S# S# to this Island Several Elk Swam above this Island on the 
  Midle is Situated 2 Islands small one above the other, those Islands are 
  Called mud Islands and camped on the upper Island of them 3 Buffalow 1 Elk 
  &c# Killed to day, river falling a large Salt Spring of remarkable 
  Salt water much frequented by Buffalow, Some Smaller Springs on the Side 
  of the hill above less Salt, the water excesiv Salt, and is 11/2 miles 
  from the river on the S# W# or L# S# opposit Ceder Island ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0264-1804-09-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th September Monday 1804. a Cloudy dark morning Set out early, a Gentle 
  breeze from the S# E, passed two Small Islands on the L# S# and one on the 
  S# S# all in the first Course at 101/2 miles passed the lower point of an 
  (2) Island Covered with red Ceeder Situated in a bend on the L# S# this 
  Island is about 2 Moles in length (1) below this on a hill on the L# S# we 
  found the back bone of a fish, 45 feet long tapering to the tale, &c# 
  those joints were Seperated and all petrefied, opposit this Island 11/2 
  miles from the river on the L# S# is a large Salt Spring of remarkable 
  Salt water. one other high up the hill 1/2 me# not So Salt. 
  = 
  we proceeded on under a Stiff Breeze. three miles above Ceder Island 
  passed a large Island on the S# S, no water on that Side (3) Several elk 
  Swam to this Island passed a Small Island near the Center of the river, of 
  a mile in length, and Camped on one aboav Seperated from the other by a 
  narrow Chanel, Those Islands are Called Mud Islands ¬ the hunters 
  killed 3 fuffalow & one Elk to day. The river is falling a little, 
  Great number of Buffalow & Elk on the hill Sides feeding deer Scerce 
  = 
  we came too at the mouth of a Creek on the L# S# at Dark in a heavy Shower 
  of rain, it Continued to rain the greater part of the night, with a hard 
  wind from the N W Cold 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0265-1804-09-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 11th Tuesday 1804 Set out early a Cloudy morning the river verry 
  wide from one hill to the other, with many Sand bars passed the Isd# on 
  which we lay at a mile passed three Isds# one on the L# S# (1/4 of a mile 
  from it on the L# S# a village of little Dogs. I Killed four, this village 
  is 800 yards wide & 970 yds# long on a jentle Slope of a hill in a 
  plain, those animals are noumerous) the other two Islands are on the S# S# 
  the river is verry Shallow & wide, the boat got a ground Several times ¬ The 
  man G Shannon, who left us with the horses above the Mahar Village, and 
  beleving us to be ahead pushed on as long as he Could, joined us he Shot 
  away what fiew Bullets he had with him, and in a plentiful) Countrey like 
  to have Starvd. he was 12 days without provision, Subsisting on Grapes at 
  the Same the Buffalow, would Come within 30 yards of his Camp, one of his 
  horses gave out & he left him before his last belluts were Consumed ¬ I 
  saw 3 large Spoted foxes today a black tailed Deer, & Killed a Buck 
  elk & 2 Deer, one othr Elk 2 Deer & a Porkipine Killed to day at 
  12 oClock it became Cloudy and rained all the after noon, & night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0266-1804-09-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sept. 11th Tuesday 1804 a cloudy morning, Set out verry early, the river 
  wide & Shallow the bottom narrow, & the river Crouded with Sand 
  bars, passed the Island on which we lay at one mile, pased three Islands 
  one on the L# S# and 2 on the S# S# opposit the Island on the L# S# I Saw 
  a village of Barking Squriel 970 yds# long, and 800 yds# wide Situated on 
  a gentle Slope of a hill, those anamals are noumerous, I killed 4 with a 
  view to have their Skins Stufed. 
  = 
  here the man who left us with the horses 22 days ago and has been a head 
  ever Since joined, us nearly Starved to Death, he had been 12 days without 
  any thing to eate but Grapes & one Rabit, which he Killed by shooting 
  a piece of hard Stick in place of a ball. This man Supposeing the boat to 
  be a head pushed on as long as he Could, when he became weak and fiable 
  deturmined to lay by and waite for a tradeing boat, which is expected 
  Keeping one horse for the last resorse, ¬ thus a man had like to have 
  Starved to death in a land of Plenty for the want of Bulletes or Something 
  to kill his meat we Camped on the L# S# above the mouth of a run a hard 
  rain all the after noon, & most of the night, with hard wind from the 
  N W# I walked on Shore the fore part of this day over Some broken Country 
  which Continus about 3 miles back & then is leavel & rich all 
  Plains, I saw Several foxes & Killed a Elk & 2 Deer. & 
  Squirels the men with me killed an Elk, 2 Deer & a Pelican 
  = 
  Some rain all day to day & Cold 
  = 
  I walked on Shore Saw Several foxes Several Villages of Prarie dogs, and a 
  number of Grouse 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0267-1804-09-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 12th Wednesday 1804 a Dark Cloudy Day the wind hard from the N# W# 
  we passed (1) a Island the middle of the river at the head of which we 
  found great dificuelty in passing between the Sand bars the water Swift 
  and Shallow, it took 3/4 of the day to make one mile, we Camped on the L# 
  S# opsd# a Village of Barking Prarie Squriels 
  = 
  I walked out in the morning and Saw Several Villages of those little 
  animals, also a great number of Grous & 3 foxes, and observed Slate 
  & Coal mixed, Some verry high hills on each Side of the river. rains a 
  little all day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0268-1804-09-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th Septr. Thursday 1804 a Dark Drizzley Day, G D Cought 4 Beaver last 
  night the winds from the N W# Cold Set out early and proceeded on verry 
  well passed a number of Sand bars, Capt Lewis killed a Porcupin on a 
  Cotton treee fieeding on the leaves & bowers of the Said tree, the 
  water is verry Shallow being Crouded with Sand bars Camped on the S# Side 
  under a Bluff. the Bluffs on the S# S# not So much impregnated with 
  mineral as on the L# S# muskeetors verry troublesom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0269-1804-09-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 13, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  September 13th Killed a bluewinged teal and a Porcupine; found it in a 
  Cottonwood tree near the river on the Lard# Shore ¬ the leaves of the 
  Cottonwood were much distroyed ¬ as were those of the Cottonwood trees 
  in it's neighbourhood. I therefore supposed that it fed on the folage of 
  trees at this season, the flesh of this anamal is a pleasant and whoalsome 
  food ¬ the quills had not yet obtained their usual length ¬ it has 
  four long toes, before on each foot, and the same number behind with the 
  addition of one short one on each hind foot on the inner side. the toes of 
  the feet are armed with long black nails particularly the fore feet ¬  they 
  weigh from 15 to 20 lbs ¬ they resemble the slowth very much in the 
  form of their hands, or fore feet. their teeth and eyes are like the bever 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0270-1804-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr 14th Friday 1804 Course Dists & rifur. Set out early proceeded 
  on passed Several Sand bars water wide & Shallow N# 68° W# 23/4 mes# 
  to a pt# of high Land on the L# S# passed a round Island on the S S# ¬ Caught 
  3 beaver last night, Some drizzeley rain Cloudy & Disagreeable and Som 
  hard Showers, I walked on Shore with a view to find an old Volcano Said to 
  be in this neghbourhood by Mr# McKey I was Some distance out Could not See 
  any Signs of a Volcanoe, I killed a Goat, which is peculier to this 
  Countrey about the hite of a Grown Deer Shorter, its horns Coms out 
  immediately abov its eyes broad 1 Short prong the other arched & Soft 
  the color is a light gray with black behind its ears, white round its 
  neck, no beard, his Sides & belly white, and around its taile which is 
  Small & white and Down its hams, actively made his brains on the back 
  of its head, his noisterals large, his eyes like a Sheep only 2 hoofs on 
  each foot no antelrs (more like the antelope or gazella of Africa than any 
  other Specis of Goat). Shields Killed a Hare weighing 61/2 lb# verry pore, 
  the head narrow and its ears 3 Inches wide and 6 long, from the fore to 
  the end of the hind foot; is 2 feet 11 Inch. hite 1 foot 13/4 its tail 
  long & thick white, clearly the mountain Hare of Europe, a rainy 
  evening all wett The Soil of those Plains washes down into the flats, with 
  the Smallest rain & disolves & mixes with the water we See back 
  from the river high hills in a leavel plain, evidently the remains of 
  mountains, what mud washed into the river within those few days has made 
  it verry mudy, passed two Small Creeks on the L# S# & Camped below a 
  3rd on the L# S# rained all evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0271-1804-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th Septr. Friday 1804. Set out early proceeded on passed Several Sand 
  bars the river wide and Shallow 3 beaver Caught last night, Drizeley rain 
  in the forepart of this day, cloudy and disagreeable, I walked on Shore 
  with a view to find an old Vulcanio, Said to be in this neighbourhood by 
  Mr# J# McKey of St# Charles. I walked on Shore the whole day without 
  Seeing any appearance of the Villcanoe, in my walk I Killed a Buck Goat of 
  this Countrey, about the hight. of the Grown Deer, its body Shorter, the 
  Horns which is not very hard and forks 2/3 up one prong Short the other 
  round & Sharp arched, and is imediately above its Eyes the Colour is a 
  light gray with black behind its ears down its neck, and its Jaw white 
  round its neck, its Sides and its rump round its tail which is Short & 
  white verry actively made, has only a pair of hoofs to each foot. his 
  brains on the back of his head, his Norstral large, his eyes like a Sheep ¬ he 
  is more like the Antilope or Gazella of Africa than any other Species of 
  Goat. Shields Killed a Hare like the mountain hare of Europe, waighing 
  61/4 pounds (altho pore) his head narrow, its ears large i, e, 6 Inches 
  long & 3 Inchs wide one half of each white, the other & out part a 
  lead grey from the toe of the hind foot to toe of the for foot is 2 feet 
  11 Inches, the hith is 1 foot 1 Inche & 3/4, his tail long thick & 
  white. 
  = 
  The rain Continued the Greater part of the day in My ramble I observed, 
  that all those parts of the hills which was Clear of Grass easily disolved 
  and washed into the river and bottoms, and those hils under which the 
  river run, Sliped into it and disolves and mixes with the water of the 
  river, the bottoms of the river was covered with the water and mud frome 
  the hills about three Inches deep ¬ those bottoms under the hils which 
  is Covered with Grass also a great quantity of mud. 
  = 
  Passed 2 Small Creeks on the L# S and Camped below the third, (the place 
  that Shannon the man who went a head lived on grapes) Some heavy Showers 
  of rain all wet, had the Goat & rabit Stufed rained all night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0272-1804-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  September 14th 1804 this day Capt# Clark killed a male wild goat so called ¬ it's 
  weight 65 lbs. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
                     F    I 
  length from point of nose to point of tail         4    9 
  hight to the top of the wethers            3     ¬  
  do. behind                 3     ¬  
  girth of the brest                 3    1 
  girth of the neck close to the shoulders       2    2 
  do. near the head              1    7 
@section 3 {tx}
  Eye deep sea green, large percing and reather prominent, & at or near 
  the root of the horn within one 1/4 inches 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0273-1804-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sept. 14th 1804. Shields killed a hare of the prarie, weight six pounds 
  and 1/4 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
                    F.   I# 
  Length from point of hind to extremity fore feet      2    11 
  hight when standing erect             1     1 3/4 
  length from nose to tale              2     1 
  girth of body                 1     2 3/4 
  length of tale 
  length of the year               ¬   5 1/2 
  width of do. do.                 ¬   3 1/8 
  from the extremity of the hip to the toe of the hind foot 1     3 1/2 
@section 3 {tx}
  the eye is large and prominent the sight is circular, deep sea green, and 
  occupyes one third of the width of the eye the remaining two thirds is a 
  ring of a bright yellowish silver colour. the years ar placed at the upper 
  part of the head and very near to each other, the years are very flexable, 
  the anamall moves them with great ease and quickness and can contrat and 
  foald them on his back or delate them at pleasure ¬ the front outer 
  foald of the year is a redis brown, the inner foalds or those which ly 
  together when the years are thrown back and wich occupy two thirds of the 
  width of the year is of a clear white colour except one inch at the tip of 
  the year which is black, the hinder foald is of a light grey ¬ the 
  head back sholders and outer part of the thighs are of a ledcoloured grey 
  the sides as they approache the belly grow lighter becomeing gradually 
  more white the belly and brest are white with a shad of lead colour ¬ the 
  furr is long and fine ¬ the tale is white round and blounty pointed 
  the furr on it is long and extreemly fine and soft when it runs it carry's 
  it's tale strait behind the direction of the body ¬ the body is much 
  smaller and more length than the rabbit in proportion to it's height ¬ the 
  teeth are like those of the hair or rabbit as is it's upper lip split ¬ it's 
  food is grass or herbs ¬ it resorts the open plains, is extreemly 
  fleet and never burrows or takes shelter in the ground when pursued, I 
  measured the leaps of one which I suprised in the plains on the 17th Inst. 
  and found them 21 feet the ground was a little decending they apear to run 
  with more ease and to bound with greater agility than any anamall I ever 
  saw. this anamal is usually single seldom associating in any considerable 
  numbers. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0274-1804-09-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September the 15th Satturday 1804 Set out early passed the Mouth of a 
  creek on the L S# where Shannon lived on grapes waiting for Mr# Clintens 
  boat Supposeing we had went on, Capt Lewis and my Self halted at the mouth 
  of White River & wend up a Short Crossed &, this river is about 
  400 yards, the water Confined within 150 yards, the Current regularly 
  Swift, much resembling the Missourie, Sand bars makeing out from the 
  points, Some Islands we Sent up two men to go up this river one Day and 
  Meet us to morrow we proceeded on passed a Small Island Covered with Ceder 
  timber, & great number of rabits, no game except rabits, and Camped on 
  the S# S# opposit a large Creek, on which there is more wood than usial on 
  Creeks in this quaterr this creek raised 14 feet last rain I Killed a Buck 
  elk & a Deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0275-1804-09-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th September Satturday 1804 Set out early passed the mo of the Creek, 
  and the mouth of White river; (1) Capt Lewis and my Self went up this 
  river a Short distance and Crossed, found that this differed verry much 
  from the Plat or que Courre, threw out but little Sand, about 300 yard 
  wide, the water confind within 150 yards, the current regular & Swift 
  much resemblig the Missourie, with Sand bars from the points a Sand Island 
  in the mouth, in the point is a butifull Situation for a Town 3 Gradual 
  assents, and a much Greater quantity of timber about the mouth of this 
  river than usial, we concluded to Send Some distance up this river 
  detached Sjt# Gass & R# Fields. we proceeded on passed a Small (2) 
  Island Covered with Ceeder on I Saw great numbers of Rabits & Grapes, 
  this Island is Small & Seperated from a large Sand Isd# at its upper 
  point by a narrow Channel, & is Situated nearest the L# Side. Camped 
  on the S# S# opposit the mouth of a large Creek on which there is more 
  timber than is usial on Creeks of this Size, this Creek raised 14 feet the 
  last rains. I killed a Buck Elk & Deer, this evening is verry Cold, 
  Great many wolves of Different Sorts howling about us. the wind is hard 
  from the N W this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0276-1804-09-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 16, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday September 16th 1804. This morning set out at an early hour, and 
  come too at 1/2 after 7 A#M# on the Lard# Shore 11/4 miles above the mouth 
  of a small creek which we named Corvus, in consequence of having kiled a 
  beatiful bird of that genus near it we concluded to ly by at this place 
  the ballance of this day and the next, in order to dry our baggage which 
  was wet by the heavy showers of rain which had fallen within the last 
  three days, and also to lighten the boat by transfering a part of her 
  lading to the red perogue, which we now determined to take on with us to 
  our winter residence wherever that might be; while some of the men were 
  imployed in this necessary labour others were dressing of skins washing 
  and mending their cloaths &c# Capt# Clark and myself kiled each a buck 
  immediately on landing near our encampment; the deer were very gentle and 
  in great numbers on this bottom which had more timber on it than any part 
  of the river we had seen for many days past, consisting of Cottonwood Elm, 
  some indifferent ash and a considerable quanty of a small species of white 
  oak which is loaded with acorns of an excellent flavor very little of the 
  bitter roughness of the nuts of most species of oak, the leaf of this oak 
  is small pale green and deeply indented, it seldom rises higher than 
  thirty feet is much branched, the bark is rough and thick and of a light 
  colour; the cup which contains the acorn is fringed on it's edges and 
  imbraces the nut about one half; the acorns were now falling, and we 
  concluded that the number of deer which we saw here had been induced 
  thither by the acorns of which they are remarkably fond. almost every 
  species of wild game is fond of the acorn, the Buffaloe Elk, deer, bear, 
  turkies, ducks, pigegians and even the wolves feed on them; we sent three 
  hunters out who soon added eight deer and two Buffaloe to our strock of 
  provisions; the Buffaloe were so pour that we took only the tongues skins 
  and marrow bones; the skins were particularly acceptable as we were in 
  want of a covering for the large perogue to secure the baggage; the clouds 
  during this day and night prevented my making any observations. Sergt# 
  Gass and Reubin Fields whom we had sent out yesterday to explore the White 
  river returnd at four oclock this day and reported that they had foil 
  meanders of that stream about 12 miles r's general course West, the 
  present or principal channel iro yards wide; the coulour of the water and 
  rapidity and manner of runing resembled the Missouri presisely; the 
  country broken on the border of the river about a mile, when the level 
  planes commence and extend as far as the eye can reach on either side; as 
  usual no timber appeared except such as from the steep declivities of 
  hills, or their moist situations, were sheltered from the effects of the 
  fire. these extensive planes had been lately birnt and the grass had 
  sprung up and was about three inches high. vast herds of Buffaloe deer Elk 
  and Antilopes were seen feeding in every direction as far as the eye of 
  the observer could reach. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0277-1804-09-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September 16th Sunday, we proceeded on 11/4 Miles and Camped on the L# 
  Side in a butifull Plain Surounded with timber in which we Saw Severall 
  Der, we delayed here for the purpose of Drying the articles which were wet 
  & the cloathes to Load the Perogue which we had intended to send back, 
  finding the water too Shoal Deturmind to take on the Perogue also to make 
  Some observations for Longitude &c# the two men G# & R# F. joined 
  us and informed "that the river as far as they were up had much the 
  Appearance of the river about the mouth, but little timber and that 
  chiefly elm", the up land between this river & the White river is 
  fine, Great numbers of Goat, Deer of three kinds, Buffalow, & wolves, 
  & Barking Squrels, The fallow Deer, Cloudy, all day Cleaning out the 
  boat examining & Drying the goods, & loading the Perogue, I killed 
  2 Deer Capt Lewis one & a Buffalow, one Buffalow & five other Deer 
  Killed. I observed Pine Burs & Burch Sticks in the Drift wood up white 
  river which Coms in on the L# S# imedeately in the point is a butifull 
  Situation for a town 3 Gentle rises, & more timber about the mouth of 
  this river than usial 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0278-1804-09-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th of September Sunday 1804 We Set out verry early & proceed'd on 
  11/4 miles between Sand bars and Came too on the L# S# (1) deturmined 
  to dry our wet thig and liten the boat which we found could not proceed 
  with the present load for this purpose we Concluded to detain the Perogue 
  we had intended to Send back & load her out of the boat & detain 
  the Soldiers untill Spring & Send them from our winter quarters. We 
  put out those articles which was wet, Clean'd the boat & perogus, 
  examined all the Locker Bails &# &c# &#. 
  = 
  This Camp is Situated in a butifull Plain Serounded with Timber to the 
  extent of 3/4 of a mile in which there is great quantities of fine Plumbs 
  The two men detachd up the White river joined us here & informed that 
  the river as far as they were up had much the appearance of the Missourie 
  Som Islands & Sands little Timber Elm, (much Signs of Beaver, Great 
  many buffalow) & Continud its width, they Saw & well as my Self 
  Pine burs & Sticks of Birch in the Drift wood up this river, They Saw 
  also Number of Goats Such as I Killed, also wolves near the Buffalow 
  falling Deer, & the Barking Squrels Villages Capt# Lewis went to hunt 
  & See the Countrey near the Kamp he killed a Buffalow & a Deer 
  = 
  Cloudy all day I partly load the empty Perogue out of the Boat. I killed 2 
  Deer & the party 4 Deer & a Buffalow the we kill for the Skins to 
  Cover the Perogus, the meet too pore to eat. Capt Lewis went on an Island 
  above our Camp, this Island is abt# one mile long, with a Great purpotion 
  ceder timber near the middle of it 
  = 
  I gave out a flannel Shirt to each man, & powder to those who had 
  expended thers 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0279-1804-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday September 17th 1804. Having for many days past confined myself to 
  the boat, I determined to devote this day to amuse myself on shore with my 
  gun and view the interior of the country lying between the river and the 
  Corvus Creek ¬  accordingly before sunrise I set out with six of my best 
  hunters, two of whom I dispatched to the lower side of Corvus creek, two 
  with orders to hunt the bottoms and woodland on the river, while I 
  retained two others to acompany me in the intermediate country. one 
  quarter of a mile in rear of our camp which was situated in a fine open 
  grove of cotton wood passed a grove of plumb trees loaded with fruit and 
  now ripe. observed but little difference between this fruit and that of a 
  similar kind common to the Atlantic States. the trees are smaller and more 
  thickly set. this forrest of plumb trees garnish a plain about 20 feet 
  more lelivated than that on which we were encamped; this plain extends 
  back about a mile to the foot of the hills one mile distant and to which 
  it is gradually ascending this plane extends with the same bredth from the 
  creek below to the distance of near three miles above parrallel with the 
  river, and is intirely occupyed by the burrows of the barking squril 
  hertefore discribed; this anamal appears here in infinite numbers, and the 
  shortness and virdue of grass gave the plain the appearance throughout 
  it's whole extent of beatifull bowlinggreen in fine order. it's aspect is 
  S# E# a great number of wolves of the small kind, balks and some pole~cats 
  were to be seen. I presume that those anamals feed on this squirril. found 
  the country in every direction for about three miles intersected with deep 
  reveries and steep irregular hills of 100 to 200 feet high; at the tops of 
  these hills the country breakes of as usual into a fine leavel plain 
  extending as far as the eye can reach. from this plane I had an extensive 
  view of the river below, and the irregular hills which border the opposite 
  sides of the river and creek. the surrounding country had been birnt about 
  a month before and young grass had now sprung up to hight of 4 Inches 
  presenting the live green of the spring. to the West a high range of 
  hills, strech across the country from N# to S and appeared distant about 
  20 miles; they are not very extensive as I could plainly observe their 
  rise and termination no rock appeared on them and the sides were covered 
  with virdue similar to that of the plains this senery already rich 
  pleasing and beatiful, was still farther hightened by immence herds of 
  Buffaloe deer Elk and Antelopes which we saw in every direction feeding on 
  the hills and plains. I do not think I exagerate when I estimate the 
  number of Buffaloe which could be compreed at one view to amount to 3000. 
  my object was if possible to kill a female Antelope having already 
  procured a male; I pursued my rout on this plain to the west flanked by my 
  two hunters untill eight in the morning when I made the signal for them to 
  come to me which they did shortly after. we rested our selves about half 
  an hour, and regailed ourselves on half a bisquit each and some jirk of 
  Elk which we had taken the precaution to put in our pouches in the morning 
  before we set out, and drank of the water of a small pool which had 
  collected on this plain from the rains which had fallen some days before. 
  We had now after various windings in pursuit of several herds of antelopes 
  which we had seen on our way made the distance of about eight miles from 
  our camp. we found the Antelope extreemly shye and watchfull insomuch that 
  we had been unable to get a shot at them; when at rest they generally 
  seelect the most elivated point in the neighbourhood, and as they are 
  watchfull and extreemly quick of sight and their sense of smelling very 
  accute it is almost impossible to approach them within gunshot; in short 
  they will frequently discover and flee from you at the distance of three 
  miles. I had this day an opportunity of witnessing the agility and 
  superior fleetness of this anamal which was to me really astonishing. I 
  had pursued and twice surprised a small herd of seven, in the first 
  instance they did not discover me distinctly and therefore did not run at 
  full speed, tho they took care before they rested to gain an elivated 
  point where it was impossible to approach them under cover except in one 
  direction and that happened to be in the direction from which the wind 
  blew towards them; bad as the chance to approach them was, I made the best 
  of my way towards them, frequently peeping over the ridge with which I 
  took care to conceal myself from their view the male, of which there was 
  but one, frequently incircled the summit of the hill on which the females 
  stood in a group, as if to look out for the approach of danger. I got 
  within about 200 paces of them when they smelt me and fled; I gained the 
  top of the eminece on which they stood, as soon as possible from whence I 
  had an extensive view of the country the antilopes which had disappeared 
  in a steep revesne now appeared at the distance of about three miles on 
  the side of a ridge which passed obliquely across me and extended about 
  four miles. so soon had these antelopes gained the distance at which they 
  had again appeared to my view I doubted at ferst that they were the same 
  that I had just surprised, but my doubts soon vanished when I beheld the 
  rapidity of their flight along the ridge before me it appeared reather the 
  rappid flight of birds than the motion of quadrupeds. I think I can safely 
  venture the asscertion that the speed of this anamal is equal if not 
  superior to that of the finest blooded courser. this morning I saws 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0280-1804-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of Septr. Monday 1804 above White river Dried all those articles 
  which had got wet by the last rain, a fine day Capt Lewis went hunting 
  with a vew to seethe Countrey &its productions, he was out all Day 
  Killed a Buffalow & a remarkable bird of the Spicies of Corvus, long 
  tail of a Greenish Purple, Varigated a Beck like a Crow white round its 
  neck comeing to a point on its back, its belley white feet like a Hawk 
  abt# the size of a large Pigeon Capt Lewis returned at Dark. I took the 
  Meridian & equal altitudes to day made the Lattitude. 
  = 
  Colter Killed a Goat, & a Curious kind of Deer, a Darker grey than 
  Common the hair longer & finer, the ears verry large & long a 
  Small resepitical under its eye its tail round and white to near the end 
  which is black & like a Cow in every other respect like a Deer, except 
  it runs like a goat. large. 
  = 
  The hunters brought in 8 fallow Deer & 5 Common Deer to day, Great 
  numbers of Buffalow in the Praries, also a light Coloured woolf Covered 
  with hair & corse fur, also a Small wolf with a large bushey tail ¬ Some 
  Goats of a Different Kind Seen to day, ¬ Great many Plumbs, rabits, 
  Porcupines & barking Squrels, Capt Lewis Killed a rattle Snake in a 
  village of the Squirel's and Saw a Hair to day. Wind from the S# W# we 
  finished Drying our Provisions Some of which was wet and Spoiled, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0281-1804-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of September Monday 1804 Dried all our wet articles this fine Day, 
  Capt Lewis went out with a View to see the Countrey and its productions, 
  he was out all day he killed a Buffalow and a remarkable Bird of the 
  Corvus Species long tail the upper part of the feathers & also the 
  wing is of a purplish variated Green, the black, a part of the wing 
  feather are white edjed with black, white belley, white from the root of 
  the wings to Center of the back is white, the head nake breast & other 
  parts are black the Becke like a Crow. abt# the Size of a large Pigion. a 
  butifull thing (See Suplement in No. 3) 
  = 
  I took equal altitudes and a meridian altitude. Capt# Lewis returned at 
  Dark, Colter Killed a Goat like the one I killed and a curious kind of 
  deer of a Dark gray Colr. more so than common, hair long & fine, the 
  ears large & long, a Small reseptical under the eyes; like an Elk, the 
  Taile about the length of Common Deer, round (like a Cow) a tuft of black 
  hair about the end, this Speces of Deer jumps like a goat or Sheep 
  = 
  8 fallow Deer 5 Common & 3 buffalow killed to day, Capt# Lewis Saw a 
  hare & Killed a Rattle Snake in a village of B# squerels The wind from 
  S# W# Dryed our provisions, Some of which was much Damaged. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0282-1804-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sept. 17th one of the hunters killed a bird of the Corvus genus and order 
  of the pica & about the size of a jack~daw with a remarkable long 
  tale. beautifully variagated. it note is not disagreeable though loud it 
  is twait twait twait, twait; twait, twait twait, twait. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
                   F    I 
  from tip to tip of wing         1    10 
  Do. beak to extremity of tale       1     8 1/2 
  of which the tale occupys           1     1 
  from extremity of middle toe to hip           5 1/2 
@section 3 {tx}
  it's head, beak, and neck are large for a bird of it's size; the beak is 
  black, and of a convex and cultrated figure, the chops nearly equal, and 
  it's base large and beset with hairs ¬ the eyes are black encircled 
  with a narrow ring of yellowish black it's head, neck, brest & back 
  within one inch of the tale are of a fine glossey black, as are also the 
  short fathers of the under part of the wing, the thies and those about the 
  root of the tale. the belly is of a beatifull white which passes above and 
  arround the but of the wing, where the feathers being long reach to a 
  small white spot on the rump one inch in width ¬ the wings have 
  nineteen feathers, of which the ten first have the longer side of their 
  plumage white in the midde of the feather and occupying unequal lengths of 
  the same from one to three inches, and forming when the wing is spead a 
  kind of triangle the upper and lower part of these party coloured feathers 
  on the under side of the wing being of dark colour but not jut or shining 
  black. the under side of the remaining feathers of the wing are darker. 
  the upper side of the wing, as well as the short side of the plumage of 
  the party coloured feathers is of a dark blackis or bluish green sonetimes 
  presenting as light orange yellow or bluish tint as it happens to be 
  presented to different exposures of ligt ¬ the plumage of the tale 
  consits of 12 feathers of equal lengths by pairs, those in the center are 
  the longest, and the others on each side deminishing about an inch each 
  pair ¬ the underside of the feathers is a pale black, the upper side 
  is a dark bluefish green which like the outer part of the wings is 
  changable as it reflects different portions of light. towards the the 
  extremely of these feathers they become of an orrange green, then shaded 
  pass to a redish indigo blue, and again at the extremity assume the 
  predominant colour of changeable green ¬ the tints of these feathers 
  are very similar and equally as beatiful and rich as the tints of blue and 
  green of the peacock ¬ it is a most beatifull bird. the legs and 
  toes are black and imbricated. it has four long toes, three in front and 
  one in rear, each terminated with a black sharp tallon from 3/8ths to 1/2 
  an inch in length. these birds are seldom found in parties of more 
  than three or four and most usually at this season single as the balks and 
  other birds of prey usually are ¬ it's usual food is flesh ¬ this 
  bird dose not spread it's tail when it flys and the motion of it's wings 
  when flying is much like that of a Jay~bird ¬  
  = 
  The White turkey of the black hills from information of a french lad who 
  wintered with the Chien Indians About the size of the common wild turkey 
  the plumage perfectly white ¬ this bird is booted as low as the toes ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0283-1804-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 18 I Killed a prarie wolf to day about the Sise of a Gray fox with 
  a bushey tail the head and ears like a Fox wolf, and barks like a Small 
  Dog ¬ The annimale which we have taken for the Fox is this wolf, we 
  have seen no Foxes. 
  = 
  18 Septr. Tuesday Set out early wind from the N W# Modrt. our boat being 
  much litened goes much better than usial 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0284-1804-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September 18th Tuesday 1804 Wind from the N W# we Set out early the boat 
  much lightened, the wind a head proceed on verry Slowly (1) Passed an I a 
  Island about the middle of the river at 1 Mile this Island is about a mile 
  long, and has a great perpotion of red Cedir on it, a Small Creek comes in 
  on the S# S# opposit the head of the Island, proceeded on passed many Sand 
  bars and Camped on the L# S# before night the wind being verry hard & 
  a head all Day. the hunters Killed 10 Deer to day and a Prarie wolf, had 
  it all jurked & Skins Stretchd after Camping I walked on Shore Saw 
  Goats, Elk, Buffalow, Black tail Deer, & the Common Deer, I Killed a 
  Prarie Wollf, about the Size of a gray fox bushey tail head & ear like 
  a wolf, Some fur Burrows in the ground and barks like a Small Dog. 
  = 
  what has been taken heretofore for the Fox was those wolves, and no Foxes 
  has been Seen; The large wolves are verry numourous, they are of a light 
  Colr. large & has long hair with Corrs fur. 
  = 
  Some Goats of a Different Kind Wer Seen yesterday Great many Porcupin 
  rabits & Barking Squirils in this quarter. Plumbs & grapes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0285-1804-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Sept. 18th this day saw the first brant on their return from the north ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0286-1804-09-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
   (1) & (2) passed a large Island Situated nearest the S# S# 1/2 a mile 
  from the Lower pt# of this Island, the 1st of the 3 rivers mouths which is 
  about 35 yards wide, running from the N E# one mile above the 2nd Comes in 
  this is Small not more that 15 yards wide a Short Distance above a 3d 
  comes in scattering its waters thro a bottom. I walked on Shore to See 
  this great Pass of the Sioux and Calumet ground, found it a handsom 
  Situation, and Saw the remains of their Campt on the 2d river, for many 
  years passed (3) passed a Creek on the L# S# 15 yds wide we (4) 
  passed a Creek 20 yds wide (5) passed a Creek 20 yd# wide on the L# S# I 
  call Night C# as I did not get to it untill late at night, above the mouth 
  of this Creek we camped, the wind being favourable, for the boat I Killed 
  a fat Buffalow Cow, and a fat Buck elk, york my Servent Killed a Buck, the 
  Huntes Killed 4 Deer, & the boat Crew killed 2 Buffalow Swiming the 
  river, handsom Countrey of Plains, I saw many trovs of Buffalow & a 
  Gangue of 30 or 40 Elk and othr Scattering elk &c# a find evening I 
  hurt my hands & feet last night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0287-1804-09-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of September Wednesday 1804 Set out early, a Cool morning verry Clear 
  the wind from the S# E a Bluff on the L# S# ¬ here Commences a 
  Butifull Countrey on both Sides of the Missourie, (2) passed a large 
  Island Called Prospect Island op posit this Isd# the 3 rivers Coms in, 
  passing thro a butifull Plain, here I walked on Shore & Killed a fat 
  Cow & Sent her to the boat and proceeded on to the first of the 3 
  rivers, this river is about 35 yards wide Contains a good deel of water, I 
  walked up this river 2 miles & Cross, the bottom is high and rich Some 
  timber, I crossed & returned to the mouth, & proceeded up one mile 
  to the 2d river which is Small 12 yards wide, and on it but little timber, 
  on this Creek the Seaux has frequently Camped, as appears by the Signs ¬ the 
  lands betwen those two Creeks in a purpindicular bluff of about 80 feet 
  with a butifull Plain & gentle assent back ¬ a Short distance 
  above the 2nd a 3rd Creek Comes into the river in 3 places Scattering its 
  waters over the large timbered bottom, this Creek is near the Size of the 
  middle Creek Containing a greater quantity of water, those rivers is the 
  place that all nations who meet are at peace with each other, Called the 
  Seaux pass of the 3 rivers. 
  = 
  The boat proceeded on passd# the Island (3) passed a Creek 15 yds wide on 
  the L# Side (4) passed a Creek on the L# S# 20 yards wide which I Call Elm 
  Creek passing thro a high Plain (5) passed a Creek on the L# S# 18 yds# 
  wide above which the boat Came too, I joined them late at night, and Call 
  this Creek Night Creek the winds favourable all Day, I killed a fat buck 
  Elk late and could only get his Skin and a Small part of his flesh to 
  Camp. My Servent Killed a Buck, the Crew in the boat Killed 2 buffalow in 
  the river ¬ The Hunters on Shore Killed 4 Deer with black tails one of 
  which was a Buck with two men Prongs on each Side forked equally, which I 
  never before Seen. I saw Several large gangs of Buffaloes 2 large Herds of 
  Elk & goats &c# (6) pass a Small Island on the S# S# opposit to 
  this Island on the L# S# a Creek of about 10 yards wide Coms in passing 
  thro a plain in which great quantities of the Prickley Pear grows. I call 
  this Creek Prickley Pear Creek, This Isld# is Called the lower Island it 
  is Situated at the Commencement of what is Called & Known by the Grand 
  de Tortu or Big Bend of the Missourie. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0288-1804-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  September the 20th Thursday 1804 Detchd. 3 men across the Big bend (Called 
  the Grand deTour) with the horse, to stay and hunt & jurk provisions 
  untill we get around (1) passed a Island on the S# S# the river Crouded 
  with Sand bars, 
  = 
  20th of September 1804 Thursday (Continued) (1) at the N W# extremity of 
  this bend passed an Small Island on the L# S# opposit the upper Point of 
  this Solitary Island Came too to  ¿¿ _ at the mouth of a Small run on the 
  S# S# & Newmon & Tomson picked up Some Salt mixed with the Sand in 
  the run, Such as the ottoes Indians Collect on the Sands of the Corn de 
  Cerf R# & make use of, Camped on a Sand bar on the S# S# above the 
  Island ¬ I went out to examine the portage which I found quit Short 
  2000 yards only, the Prarie below & Sides of the hills containing 
  great quantites of the Prickly Piar which nearly ruind my feet, I saw a 
  hare, & I beleve he run into a hole, he run on a hill & 
  disapeared, I Saw on this hill several holes. I Saw Several Goats Elk Ders 
  &c# & Buffalow in every Detection feeding. R# Fields Killed a Deer 
  & 2 Goats one a female, which differs from the male as to Size being 
  Something Smaller, Small Straight horns without any black about the neck 
  Camped late 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0289-1804-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th of September, Thursday 1804 a fair morning wind from the S E detached 
  2 men to the 1st# Creek abov the big bend with the horse to hunt and wait 
  our arrival proceeded on passed the lower Island opposit which the Sand 
  bars are verry thick & the water Shoal. I walked on Shore with a view 
  of examining this bend Crossed at the narost part which is a high 
  irregular hills of about 180 or 190 feet, this place the gorge of the Bend 
  is 1 mile & a quarter (from river to river or) across, from this high 
  land which is only in the Gouge, the bend is a Butifull Plain thro which I 
  walked, Saw numbrs of Buffalow & Goats, I saw a Hare & believe he 
  run into a hole in the Side of a hill, he run up this hill which is Small 
  & has Several holes on the Side & I could not See him after, I 
  joined the boat in the evening ¬ passed a Small Island on the L# S# in 
  the N# W# extremity of the bind Called Solitary Island, and Camped late on 
  a Sand bar near the S# S# ¬ R# Fields killed 1 Deer & 2 Goats one 
  of them a feemale ¬ She Differs from the mail as to Size being 
  Smaller, with Small Horns, Stright with a Small prong without any black 
  about the neck None of those Goats has any Beard, they are all Keenly 
  made, and is butifull 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0290-1804-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Septr. 20th on the lard. shore at the commencement of the big bend 
  observed a clift of black porus rock which resembled Lava tho on a closer 
  examination I believe it to be calcarious and an imperfect species of the 
  French burr ¬ preserved a specemine, it is a brownish white, or black 
  or yellowish brown ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0291-1804-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st of September 1804 Friday 1804, last night or reather this morng at a 
  half past one oClock the Sand bar on which we Camped began to give way, 
  which allarmed the Serjt on guard & the noise waked me, I got up and 
  by the light of the moon observed that the Sand was giving away both above 
  & beloy and would Swallow our Perogues in a few minits, ordered all 
  hands on board and pushed off we had not got to the opposit Shore before 
  pt# of our Camp fel into the river. we proceeded on to the Gorge of the 
  bend & brackfast, the Distance of this bend around is 30 miles, and 
  11/4 miles thro, the high lands extinds to the gauge and is about 200 feet 
  the plain in the bend as also the two opposit Sides abov and below is 
  delightfull plains with graduel assents from the river in which there is 
  at this time Great number of Buffalow Elk & Goats feedg The Course 
  from the gauge on the L# S# is S# 70 W# 41/2 Miles to the pt# of Ceder 
  Timber on the L# S# pass Sands. worthy of remark the Cat fish not So 
  plenty abov white river & much Smaller than usial, Great nunbers of 
  Brant & plover, also goat and black tail Deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0292-1804-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st of September Friday 1804 at half past one oClock this morning the 
  Sand bar on which we Camped began to under mind and give way which 
  allarmed the Sergeant on Guard, the motion of the boat awakened me; I get 
  up & by the light of the moon observed that the land had given away 
  both above and below our Camp & was falling in fast. I ordered all 
  hands on as quick as possible & pushed off, we had pushed off but a 
  few minets before the bank under which the Boat & perogus lay give 
  way, which would Certainly have Sunk both Perogues, by the time we made 
  the opsd# Shore our Camp fell in, we made a 2d Camp for the remainder of 
  the night & at Daylight proceeded on to the Gouge of this Great bend 
  and Brackfast, we Sent a man to measure step off the Distance across the 
  gouge, he made it 2000 yds# The distance arround is 30 mes# The hills 
  extend thro the gouge and is about 200 foot above the water ¬ in the 
  bend as also the opposite Sides both abov and below the bend is a butifull 
  inclined Plain in which there is great numbers of Buffalow, Elk & 
  Goats in view feeding & Scipping on those Plains Grouse, Larks & 
  the Prarie bird is Common in those Plains. we proceeded on passed a (1) 
  willow Island below the mouth of a Small river called Tylors R about 35 
  yds# wide which corns in on the L# S# 6 miles above the Gorge of the bend, 
  at the mouth of this river the two hunters a head left a Deer & its 
  Skin also the Skin of a white wolfwe observe an emence number of Plover of 
  Different kind Collecting and takeing their flight Southerly, also Brants 
  which appear to move in the same Direction. The Cat fish is Small and not 
  So plenty as below (2) The Shore on each Side is lined with hard rough 
  Gulley Stones of different Sides, which has roled from the hills & out 
  of Small brooks, Ceder is comon here, This day is worm, the wind which is 
  not hard blows from the S# E, we Camped at the lower point of the Mock 
  Island on the S# S# this now Connected with the main land, it has the 
  appearance of once being an Island detached from the main land Covered 
  with tall Cotton wood ¬ we Saw Some Camps and tracks of the Seaux 
  which appears to be old three or four weeks ago ¬ one frenchman I fear 
  has got an abscess on his they, he complains verry much we are makeing 
  every exertion to releiv him The Praries in this quarter Contains Great 
  qts# of Prickley Pear. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0293-1804-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd September Satturday 1804 a thick fog this morning untill 7 oClock 
  which detained us, Saw Some old tracks of the Indians on the S# S# 
  proceeded on ¬ one French man with a abscess on his thigh which pains 
  him verry much for 10 or 12 Days a butifull Plain on both Sides low high 
  land under which there is a number of lage Stone, we See great numbers of 
  Buffalow feeding 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0294-1804-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  A continuation of notes taken assending the Missourie in 1804 by W# Clark 
  Satturday the 22nd of September 1804 ¬  A Thick fog this morning detained us 
  untill 7 oClock, The plains on both Sides of the River is butifull and 
  assends gradually from the river; noumerous herds of Buffalow to be Seen 
  in every derections, (1) Took the altitude of the Sun & found the 
  Lattitude to be 44° 11' 33" N (2) passed a Small Island on the L# S# and 
  one on the S# S# imediately above, & about 3 m# long, on the L# S# 
  opposit this Island a Creek of about 15 yds wide mouthes, Called the Creek 
  of the 3 Sisters (3) passed Cedar Island 11/2 M# long & 1 M# wide 
  Situated a little above the last and nearest the S# S#near the upper part 
  of this Island on its S# Side a Tradeing fort is Situated built of 
  Cedar by a Mr# Louiselle of St Louis, for the purpose of Tradeing with the 
  Teton Bands of Soues (or "Sieux") about this Fort I saw numbers of Indians 
  Temporary Lodges, & horse Stables, all of them round and to a point at 
  top, I observed also numbers of Cotton Trees fallen for the purpose of 
  feeding their horses on the Bark of the limbs of those trees which is Said 
  to be excellent food for the horses ¬ we came too on the S# S# below a 
  Small Island called Goat island, passed a no. of large round Stones, Som 
  distance in the river as also in the Sides of the hills, ¬ I walked on 
  the Shore this evening and Killed a verry large Deer ¬ our hunters 
  Killed 2 Deer & a Beaver, they Complain of the Mineral quallities of 
  the high land distroying their mockersons. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0295-1804-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of September Satturday 1804 a thick fog this morning detained us 
  untill 7 oClock passed a butifull inclined Prarie on both Sides in which 
  we See great numbers of Buffalow feeding (1) took the Meridean 
  altitude of the Suns upper Leimb. 92° 50' 00" the SexSecnt the Latd# 
  produced from this Obsivation is 44° 11' 33" 3/10 North (2) passed a Small 
  Island on the L# S# imediately above passed a Island Situated nearest the 
  L# S# abt# 3 miles long, behind this Isd# on the L# S# a Creek Comes in 
  about 15 yards wide, this Creek and Islands are Called the 3 Sisters a 
  butifull Plain on both Sides of the river (3) passed a Island Situated 
  nearest the S# S# imedeately above the last Called Ceder Island this 
  Island is about 11/2 miles long & nearly as wide Covered with Ceder, 
  on the South Side of this Island Mr# Louiselle a trader from St# Louis 
  built a fort of Ceder & a good house to trate with the Seaux & 
  wintered last winter; about this fort I observed a number of Indian Camps 
  in a Conicel form, ¬ they fed their horses on Cotton limbs as appears. 
  here our hunters joined us havening killed 2 Deer & a Beaver, they 
  Complain much of the Mineral Substances in the barren hills over which 
  they passed distroying their mockersons. 
  = 
   (4) we proceeded on and Camped late on the S# Side below a Small Island in 
  the bend S# S# Called Goat Island. The large Stones which lay on the Sides 
  of the banks in Several places lay Some distance in the river, under the 
  water and is dangerous &#. 
  = 
  I walked out this evening and killed a fine Deer, the musquiters is verry 
  troublesom in the bottoms 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0296-1804-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd Septr. Sunday 1804 (days and nights equal) Set out early under a 
  gentle Breeze from the S E N# 46°W 33/4 Miles to the mo# of a Creek on the 
  S# S# passd# a pt# on the L# S# (1) a Small Island opsd# in the bend to 
  the S# S# This Island is Called goat Island, (1) this Creek is 10 yards 
  wide. passed bad Sand bars ¬ S# 46°W 23/4 mes# a wood at a Spring in 
  the bend to the L# S# Saw the Prarie a fire behind us near the head of 
  Ceder Island L# S# N# 80° W# 41/2 to the lower pt of Elk Island pass 2 
  Willow Islands & Sand I saw this morning 12 of those Black & white 
  birds of the corvus Species. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis went out to hund on the Island a great number of Buffalow in 
  Sight I must Seal up all those Scrips & draw from my Journal at Some 
  other time Win Clark Cpt# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0297-1804-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday the 23rd September 1804 Set out under a Gentle breeze from the S# E (1) 
  passed Goat Island Situated in a bend to the S# S ¬ above passed a 
  Small Creek 12 yards wide on the S# S# ¬ we observed a great Smoke to 
  the SW# which is an Indian Signal of their haveing discovered us, I walked 
  on Shore and observed great numbers of Buffalows. (2) passed 2 Small 
  Willow Islands with large Sand bars makeing from their upper points (3) 
  passed Elk Island Situated near the L# S# about 21/2 mes# long & 3/4 
  wide, Covered with Cotton wood, a red berry Called by the French "grise de 
  buff," Grapes &c# the river is wide Streight & contains a great 
  numr of Sand bars, (4) passed a Small Creek on the S# S# 16 yds wide I 
  call Reubens Cr#. R# Fields was the first who found it ¬ Came too 
  & Camped on the S# S# in a Wood. Soon after we landed three Soues boys 
  Swam across to us, those boys informed us that a Band of Sieux called the 
  Tetons of 80 Lodges wer Camped near the mouth of the next River, and 60 
  Lodges more a Short distance above them, they had that day Set the praries 
  on fire to let those Camps Know of our approach ¬ we gave those boys 
  two twists of Tobacco to carry to their Chiefs & Warriors to Smoke, 
  with derections to tell them that we wished to Speak to them tomorrow, at 
  the mouth of the next river ¬ Capt Lewis walked on Shore, R F. Killed 
  a She Goat or "Cabbra." 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0298-1804-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd of September Sunday 1804 Set out under a gentle breeze from the S# E, 
  (1) passed a Small Island Situated in a bend to the L# S# Called Goat 
  Island, a Short distance above the upper point a Creek of 12 yards wide 
  corns in on the S# S# we observed a great Smoke to the S W# ¬ I walked 
  on Shore & observed Buffalow in great Herds at a Distance (2) passed 
  two Small willow Islands with large Sand bars makeing out from them, 
  passed (3) Elk Island about 21/2 miles long & 3/4 mile wide Situated 
  near the L# S# covered with Cotton wood the read Current Called by the 
  French Gres de Butiff & grapes &c# &c# the river is nearly 
  Streight for a great distance wide and Shoal. (4) passed a Creek on the S# 
  S# 16 yards wide we Call Reubens Creek, as R Fields found it Camped on the 
  S# S# below the mouth of a Creek on the L# S# three Souex boys Came to us 
  Swam the river and informd that the Band of Soauex called the Teton of 80 
  Lodges were Camped at the next Creek above, & 60 Lodges more a Short 
  distance above, we gave those boys two Carrots of Tobacco to Carry to 
  their Chiefs, with derections to tell them that we would Speek to them 
  tomorrow Capt Lewis walked on Shore this evening, R# F Killed a Doe Goat, ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0299-1804-09-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday the 24th of September 1804 a fair morning Set out early, wind from 
  the East, passed the mouth of a Creek on the L# S# Called Creek in high 
  water. passed a large (1) Island on the L# S# about 21/2 Miles long on 
  which Colter had Camped & Killed 4 Elk. the wind from the S# E# ¬ we 
  prepared Some Clothes a few medal for the Chiefs of the Teton band of 
  Sioux we expected to meet at the next River ¬ much Stone on the S# S# 
  of the River, we Saw one hare to day ¬ our Perogues Called at the 
  Island for the Elk, Soon after we passed the Island Colter ran up the bank 
  & reported that the Sioux had taken his horse, we Soon after Saw five 
  indians on the bank; who expressed a wish to come on board, we informed 
  them we were friends, and wished to Continue So, we were not abraid any 
  Indians ¬ Some of their young Men had Stolen a horse Sent by their 
  Great Father to their great Chief, and we Should not Speak to them any 
  more untill the horse was returned to us again ¬ passed a Island about 
  11/2 m# long on which we Saw maney elk & Buffalow, we Came too off the 
  Mouth of a Small river, The Teton of the burnt woods is Camped 2 Miles up 
  this river, this river we Call Teton is 70 Yds wide and corns in on the S 
  W Side ¬ I went on Shore and Smoked with a Chief, Called Buffalow Medison, 
  who Came to See us here. The Chief Said he Knew nothing of the horse &c 
  &#. I informed them we would call the grand Chiefs in Council tomorrow, 
  all continued on board all night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0300-1804-09-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th September Monday 1804 Set out early a fair day the wind from the E, 
  pass the mouth of Creek on the L# S# called on high water; passed (i) a 
  large Island on the L# S# about 2 miles & 1/2 long on which Colter had 
  Camped & Killed 4 Elk, the wind fair from the S# E# we prepared Some 
  Clothes and a fiew meadels for the Chiefs of the Teton's hand of Seaux 
  which we expect to See to day at the next river, observe a Great Deel of 
  Stone on the Sides of the hills on the S# S# we Saw one Hare to day, 
  prepared all things for action in Case of necessity, our Perogus went to 
  the Island for the meet, Soon after the man on Shore run up the bank and 
  reported that the Indians had Stolen the horse we Soon after met 5 Inds# 
  and ankered out Some distance & Spoke to them informed them we were 
  friends, & wished to Continue So but were not afraid of any Indians, 
  Some of their young men had taken the horse Sent by their Great father for 
  ther Chief and we would not Speek to them untill the horse was returned to 
  us again. 
  = 
  passed (2) a Island on the S# S# on which we Saw Several Elk, about 11/2 
  miles long Called Good humered Islds# Came to about 11/2 miles above off 
  the mouth of a Small river about 70 yards wide Called by Mr# Evins the 
  Little Mississou River, The Tribes of the Scouix Called the Teton, is 
  Camped about 2 miles up on the N W Side and we Shall Call the River after 
  that nation, Teton This river is 70 yards wide at the mouth of water, and 
  has a considerable Current we anchored off the mouth the french Perogue 
  Come up early in the morning, the other did not get up untill in the 
  evening Soon after we had Came too. I went & Smoked with the Chief who 
  Came to See us here all well, we prepare to Speek with the Indians 
  tomorrow at which time we are informed the Indians will be here, The 
  French man who had for Some time been Sick, began to blead which allarmed 
  him ¬ 2/3 of our party Camped on board The remainder with the Guard on 
  Shore. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0301-1804-09-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of September 1804 off Teton River a fair Morning the wind from the S# 
  E# raised a Flagg Staff and formed an orning & Shade on a Sand bar in 
  the Mouth of Teton R to Council under, the greater portion of the party to 
  Continue on boardabout 11 oClock the 1st & 2d Chief arrived, we gave 
  them to eat; they gave us Some meat, (we discover our interpeter do not 
  Speak the language well) at 12 oClock the Councill Commenced & after 
  Smokeing agreeable to the usial custom C# L# Delivered a written Speech to 
  them, I Some explinations &c# all party Paraded, gave a Medal to the 
  grand Chief in Indian Un~ton gar~Sar bar, or Black Buffalow ¬ 2d 
  Torto~hongar, Partezon (Bad fellow) the 3d Tar~ton~gar~wa~ker, Buffalow 
  medison ¬ we invited those Chiefs & a Soldier on board our boat, 
  and Showed them many Curiossites, which they were much Surprised, we gave 
  they 1/2 a wine glass of whiskey which they appeared to be exceedingly 
  fond of they took up an empty bottle, Smelted it, and made maney Simple 
  jestures and Soon began to be troublesom the 2d Chief effecting Drunkness 
  as a Cloak for his vilenous intintious (as I found after wards,) realed or 
  fell about the boat, I went in a perogue with those Chief who left the 
  boast with great reluctians, my object was to reconsile them and leave 
  them on Shore, as Soon as I landed 3 of their young ment Seased the Cable 
  of the Perogue, one Soldiar Huged the mast and the 2d Chief was 
  exceedingly insolent both in words and justures to me declareing I Should 
  no go off, Saying he had not recived presents Suffient from us ¬  I 
  attempted to passify but it had a contrary effect for his insults became 
  So personal and his intentions evident to do me injurey, I Drew my Sword 
  at this motion Capt Louis ordered all in the boat under arms, the fiew men 
  that was with me haveing previously taken up their guns with a full 
  deturmination to defend me if possible ¬ The grand Chief then took 
  hold of the Cable & Sent all the young men off, the Soldier got out of 
  the perogue and the 2nd Chief walked off to the Party at about 20 yards 
  back, all of which had their bows Strung & guns Cocked ¬  I then Spoke 
  in verry positive terms to them all, principaly addressing myself to the 
  1st Chief, who let the roape go and walked to the Indian, party about, 100 
  I again offered my hand to the 1st Chief who refused it (all this 
  time the Indians were pointing their arrows blank) I proceeded to the 
  perogue and pushed off and had not proceeded far before the 1st & 3r 
  Chief & 2 principal men walked into the water and requested to go on 
  board, I took them in and we proceeded on abot a Mile, and anchored near a 
  Small Island, I call this Island Bad humered Island 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0302-1804-09-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th Septr a fair morning the wind from the S# E# all well, raised a Flag 
  Staff & made a orning or Shade on a Sand bar in the mouth of Teton 
  River for the purpose of Speeking with the Indians under, the Boat Crew on 
  board at 70 yards Distance from the bar The 5 Indians which we met last 
  night Continued, about 11 oClock the 1 s & 2d Chief Came we gave them 
  Some of our Provsions to eat, they gave us great quantites of meet Some of 
  which was Spoiled we feel much at a loss for the want of an interpeter the 
  one we have can Speek but little. 
  = 
  Met in council at 12 oClock and after Smokeing, agreeable to the usial 
  Custom, Cap Lewis proceeded to Deliver a Speech which we oblige to Curtail 
  for want of a good interpeter all our Party paraded. gave a medal to the 
  Grand Chief Calld. in Indian Un ton gar Sar bar in French Beefe nure Black 
  Buffalow Said to be a good man, 2 Chief Torto hon gar ¬  or the Partisan~or 
  Partizan~bad the 3rd is the Beffe De Medison his name is Tar ton gar wa 
  ker 
  = 
  1. Contesabe man War zing go 
  = 
  2. do Second Bear = Ma to co que pan 
  = 
  Envited those Cheifs on board to Show them our boat and Such Curiossities 
  as was Strange to them, we gave them 1/4 a glass of whiskey which they 
  appeared to be verry fond of, Sucked the bottle after it was out & 
  Soon began to be troublesom, one the 2d Cheif assumeing Drunkness, as a 
  Cloake for his rascally intentions I went with those Cheifs (which left 
  the boat with great reluctiance) to Shore with a view of reconseleing 
  those men to us, as Soon as I landed the Perogue three of their young men 
  Seased the Cable of the Perogue, the Chiefs Soldr. Huged the mast, and the 
  2d Chief was verry insolent both in words & justures declareing I 
  Should not go on, Stateing he had not recved presents Suffient from us, 
  his justures were of Such a personal nature I felt my Self Compeled to 
  Draw my Sword, at this motion Capt# Lewis ordered all under arms in the 
  boat, those with me also Showed a Disposition to Defend themselves and me, 
  the grand Chief then took hold of the roop & ordered the young warrers 
  away, I felt my Self warm & Spoke in verry positive terms Most of the 
  warriers appeared to have ther Bows Strung and took out their arrows from 
  they quves. as I was not permited to return, I Sent all the men except 2 
  Inpt. to the boat, the perogu Soon returned with about 12 of our detumind 
  men ready for any event this movement caused a no. of the Indians to 
  withdraw at a distance, ¬ Their treatment tome was verry rough & I 
  think justified rough ness on my part, they all left my Perogue and 
  Councild. with themselves the result I could not lern and nearly all went 
  off after remaining in this Situation Some time I offered my hand to the 1 
  & 2 Chief who refusd to recve it. I turned off & went with my men 
  on board the perogue, I had not progd. more the 10 paces before the 1st 
  Cheif 3rd & 2 Brave men waded in after me. I took them in & went 
  on board we proceeded on about 1 mile & anchored out off a willow 
  Island placed a guard on Shore to protect the Cooks & a guard in the 
  boat, fastened the Perogues to the boat, I call this Island bad humered 
  Island as we were in a bad humer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0303-1804-09-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of Septr Set out early and proceeded on ¬ the river lined with 
  indians, came too & anchored by the particular request of the Chiefs 
  to let their Womin & Boys See the Boat, and Suffer them to Show us 
  some friendship ¬ great members of men womin & Children on the 
  bank viewing us ¬ Those people are Spritely Small legs ille looking 
  Set men perticularly, they grease & Black themselves when they dress, 
  make use of Hawks feathers about thier heads, cover with a Roab each a 
  polecat Skin to hold their Smokeables, fond of Dress, Badly armed. ther 
  women appear verry well, fine Teeth, High Cheek Dress in Skin Peticoats, 
  & a Roabe with the flesh Side out and harey ends turned back over 
  their Sholdes, and look well ¬ they doe all the Laborious work, and I 
  may say are perfect Slaves to thier husbands who frequently have Several 
  wives ¬  Capt Lewis & 5 men went on Shore with the Chiefs, who appeared 
  to wish to become friendly they requested us to remain one night & see 
  them dance &c# ¬ in the evening I walked on Shore, and Saw Several 
  Mahar Womin & Boys in a lodge & was told they were Prisones 
  laterly taken in a battle in which they killed a number & took 48 
  prisoners ¬ I advised the Chiefs to make peace with that nation and 
  give up the Prisoners, if they intended to follow the words of their great 
  father they promised that they would do So ¬ I was in Several Lodges 
  neetly formed, those lodges are about 15 to 20 feet Diametr Stretched on 
  Poles like a Sugar Loaf, made of Buffalow Skins Dressed about 5 oClock I 
  was approached by 10 well Dressed young men with a neet Buffalow Roab 
  which they Set down before me & requested me to get in they Carried me 
  to ther Council Tents forming 3/4 Circle & Set me down betwn 2 Chefs 
  where about 70 men were Seated in a circle, in front of the Chief 6 feet 
  Square was cleared & the pipe of peace raised on forks & Sticks, 
  under which was Swans down Scattered, the Flags of Spane & the one we 
  gave them yesterday was Displayed a large fire was made on which a Dog was 
  Cooked, & in the center about 400 wt of Buffalow meat which they gave 
  us, ¬ Soon after, I took my Seat the young men went to the boat & 
  brought Capt Lewis in the Same way & placed him by me Soon after an 
  old man rose & Spoke approveing what we had done. requesting us to 
  take pitty on them &C# answered ¬ They form their Camp in a circle 
  = 
  The great Chief then rose in great State and Spoke to the Same purpos and 
  with Solemnity took up the pipe of peace and pointed it to the heavens, 
  the 4 quartrs and the earth, he made Some divistation, & presented the 
  Sten to us to Smoke, after Smokeing & a Short Harrang to his people we 
  were requested to take the meat, and the Flesh of the Dog gavin us to eat ¬ We 
  Smoked untill Dark, at which time all was cleared away & a large fire 
  made in the Center, Several men with Tamborens highly Decorated with Der 
  & Cabra Hoofs to make them rattle, assembled and began to Sing & 
  Beat ¬ The women Came forward highly decerated with the Scalps & 
  Trofies of war of their fathes Husbands & relations, and Danced the 
  war Dance, which they done with great chearfulness untill 12 oClock, when 
  we informed the Chief we intended return on bord, (they offered us women, 
  which we did not except) 4 Chiefs accompanied us to the boat and Staid all 
  night ¬ Those people have a Description of Men which they Call 
  Soldiars, those men attend to the police of the Band, Correct all vices 
  &#. I Saw one to day whip 2 Squars who appeared to have fallen out, 
  when the Soldier approached all appeared give way and flee at night they 
  Keep 4 or 5 men at different distances walking around their Camp Singing 
  the acursenes of the night all in Spirits this evening wind hard from the 
  S E 
  = 
  I saw 25 Squars & Boys taken 13 days ago in a battle with the Mahars, 
  in which they destroyed 40 Lodges, Killed 75 men & boys, & took 48 
  prisones which they promised us Should be delivered to Mr# Durion now with 
  the Yankton  ¿¿ _, we gave our Mahar interpeter a few alls & &# to 
  give those retched Prisonis, I saw Homney of ground Potatos a Spoon of the 
  Big Horn animals which will hold 2 quarts. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0304-1804-09-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th Septr. 1804 bad hd Isd# 26th of September Wednesday 1804 Set out 
  early proceeded on and Came to by the wish of the Chiefs for to let their 
  Squars & boys See the Boat and Suffer them to treat us well great 
  number of men women & Children on the banks viewing us, these people 
  Shew great anxiety, they appear Spritely, generally ill looking & not 
  well made thier legs & arms Small Generally ¬ they Grese & 
  Black themselves with coal when they dress, make use of a hawks feather 
  about their heads the men a robe & each a polecats Skins, for to hold 
  ther Bais roly for Smokeing fond of Dress & Show badly armed with 
  fuseis &#. The Squaws are Chearfull fine lookg womin not handson, High 
  Cheeks Dressed in Skins a Peticoat and roab which foldes back over thir 
  Sholder, with long wool. doe all ther laborious work & I may Say 
  perfect Slaves to the men, as all Squars of nations much at war, or where 
  the womin are more noumerous than the men ¬ after Comeing too Capt# 
  Lewis & 5 men went on Shore with the Chiefs, who appeared desposed to 
  make up & be friendly, after Captain Lewis had been on Shore about 3 
  hours I became uneasy for fear of Some Deception & sent a Serjeant to 
  See him and know his treatment which he reported was friendly, & thy 
  were prepareing for a Dance this evening 
  = 
  The made frequent Selecitiation for us to remain one night only and let 
  them Show their good disposition towards us, we deturmined to remain, 
  after the return of Capt# Lewis, I went on Shore I saw Several Maha 
  Prisoners and Spoke to the Chiefs it was necessary to give those prisoners 
  up & become good friends with the Mahars if they wished to follow the 
  advice of their Great father I was in Several Lodges neetly formed as 
  before mentioned as to the Bauruly Tribe ¬ I was met by about 10 well 
  Dressd. yound men who took me up in a roabe Highly a decrated and Set me 
  Down by the Side of their Chief on a Dressed robe in a large Council House 
  this house formed a 3/4 Cercle of Skins well Dressed and Sown together 
  under this Shelter about 70 men Set forming a Circle in front of the 
  Chiefs a plac of 6 feet Diameter was Clear and the pipe of peace raised on 
  Sticks under which there was Swans down Scattered, on each Side of the 
  Circle two Pipes, The flags of Spain 2 & the Flag we gave them in 
  front of the Grand Chief a large fire was near in which provisions were 
  Cooking, in the Center about 400 wt. of excellent Buffalo Beif as a 
  present for us 
  = 
  Soon after they set me Down, the men went for Capt Lewis brough him in the 
  same way and placed him also by the Chief in a fiew minits an old man rose 
  & Spoke approveing what we had done & informing us of their 
  Situation requesting us to take pity on them &c which was answered The 
  Great Chief then rose with great State to the Same purpote as far as we 
  Could learn & then with Great Solemnity took up the pipe of peace whin 
  the principal Chiefs Spoke with the pipe of Peace he took in one hand Some 
  of the most Delicate parts of the Dog which was prepared for the feist 
  & made a Sacrifise to the flag ¬ & after pointing it to the 
  heavins the 4 quarter of the Globe & the earth,, lit it and prosist 
  presented the Stem to us to Smoke, after a Smoke had taken place, & a 
  Short Harange to his people, we were requested to take the meal put before 
  us the dog which they had been cooking, & Pemitigon & ground 
  potatoe in Several platters. Pemn is buffo meat dried or baked pounded 
  & mixed with grease raw Dog Sioux think great dishused on festivals. 
  eat little of dog pemn & pote good we Smoked for an hour Dark & 
  all was Cleared away a large fire made in the Center, about 10 misitions 
  playing on tamberins. long sticks with Deer & Goats Hoofs tied So as 
  to make a gingling noise and many others of a Similer kind, those men 
  began to Sing, & Beet on the Tamboren, the women Came foward highly 
  Deckerated in theire way, with the Scalps and Trofies of war of ther 
  father Husbands Brothers or near Connection & proceeded to Dance the 
  war Dance which they done with Great Chearfullness untill 12 oClock when 
  we informed the Cheifs that they were fatigued &c# they then retired 
  & we Accompd. by 4 Chiefs returned to our boat, they Stayed with us 
  all night. Those people have Some brave men which they make use of as 
  Soldiers those men attend to the police of the Village Correct all errors 
  I saw one of them to day whip 2 Squars who appeared to have fallen out, 
  when he approachd all about appeared to flee with great turrow at night 
  thy keep two 3 4 or 5 men at deffinit Distances walking around Camp 
  Singing the accurrunces of the night all the men on board 100 paces from 
  Shore wind from the S# E# moderate one man verry sick on board with a 
  Dangerass abscess on his Hip. all in Spirits this eveninge 
  = 
  In this Tribe I saw 25 Squars and boys taken 13 days ago in a battle with 
  the mahars in this battle they Destroyd 40 lodges, killed 75 men, & 
  Som boys & children, & took 48 Prisones Womin & boys which 
  they promis both Capt# Lewis and my Self Shall be Delivered up to Mr# 
  Durion at the Tribe, those are a retched and Dejected looking people the 
  Squars appear low & Corse but this is an unfavourabl time to judge of 
  them we gave our Mahar inteptr. Some fiew articles to give those Squats in 
  his name Such as alls needle &# &c# 
  = 
  I Saw & eat Pemitigon the Dog, Groud potatoe made into a Kind of 
  homney, which I thought but little inferior ¬ I also Saw a Spoon made 
  of a horn of an animile of the Sheep kind the spoon will hold 2 quarts. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0305-1804-09-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of Septr. 1804 ¬ The Bank as usial lined with Sioux, gave the 2 
  principal Chiefs a blanket & a peck of Corn each, Capt Lewis 
  accompanied the Chiefs to their Lodges, they informed us that a great part 
  of their nation had not arrived, & would arrive to night and requested 
  us to Delay one Day longer, that they might See us 
  = 
  I rote a letter to Mr# Durion, & prepared Some Commissions & a 
  meadel & Sent to Captain Lewis ¬ at 2 oClock Capt Lewis retuned 
  with 4 chiefs & a Brave man named War~cha pa ¬ after a delay of 
  half an hour I went with them on Shore, they left the boat with 
  reluctiance (we Suspect they are treacherous and are at all times guarded 
  & on our guard) They again offered me a young woman and wish me to 
  take her & not Dispise them, I wavered the Subject, at Dark the Dance 
  began as usial and performed as last night. womin with ther Husbands & 
  relations cloths arms Scalps on poles &c# &c# Capt Lewis joined me 
  & we continued until about 11 oClock and 2 Chief accompaned us to the 
  boat I with 2 Cheifs was in a Perogue going on board, by bad Stearing the 
  parogu Struk the Cable with Such force as to brake it near the anchor (Cap 
  Lewis) and 3 or 4 men on Shore, I had all hands up and was Compelled to 
  Land ¬ the Chief got allarmed & allarmed the Indians the 1s Chief 
  & about 200 men Came down in great hast armd and for action, and found 
  it was false, about 20 of them Camped on Shore all night ¬ this allarm 
  Cap Lewis & well as my Self viewed as the Signal of their intentions, 
  one half on guard, our misfortune of loseing our anchor obliged us to lay 
  under a falling in bank much exposed to the Accomplishment of the hostile 
  intentions of those Tetons (who we had every reason to believe from ther 
  Conduct intended to make an attempt to Stop our progress & if possible 
  rob us) Peter Crusat who Spoke Mahar came in the night and informed me 
  that the mahar Prisoners told him that the Tetons intended to Stop us ¬ We 
  Shew'd but little Sign of a knowledge of there intentions. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0306-1804-09-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of Septr. Thursday 1804 I rose early aftr a bad nights Sleep found 
  the Chief all up, and the bank as usial lined with Spectators we gave the 
  2 great Cheifs a Blanket a peace, or rethr they took off agreeable to 
  their Custom the one they lay on and each one Peck of Corn after Brackfast 
  Capt# Lewis & the Chiefs went on Shore, as a verry large part of their 
  nation was Comeing in, the Disposition of whome I did not know one of us 
  being Suffcent on Shore, I wrote a letter to Mr# P# Durion & prepared 
  a meadel & Some Comsns. & Sent to Cap Lewis at 2 oClock Capt# 
  Lewis returned with 4 Chiefs & a Brave man named War cha pa or on his 
  Guard. when the friends of those people die they run arrows through their 
  flesh above and below their elbous as a testimony of their Greaf after 
  Staying about half an hour, I went with them on Shore, Those men left the 
  boat with reluctience, I went first to the 2d Chiefs Lodge, where a Croud 
  Came around after Speeking on various Subjects I went to a princpal mans 
  lodge from there to the grand Chiefs lodge, after a fiew minits he invited 
  me to a Lodge within the Circle in which I Stayed with all their principal 
  men untill the Dance began, which was Similer to the one of last night 
  performed by their womn which poles on which Scalps of their enemies were 
  hung, Some with the Guns Spears & war empliments their husbands in 
  their hands 
  = 
  Capt# Lewis came on Shore and we Continued untill we were Sleepy & 
  returned to our boat, the 2nd Chief & one principal man accompanid us, 
  those two Indians accompanied me on board in the Small Perogue, Capt# 
  Lewis with a guard Still on Shore, the man who Steered not being much 
  acustomed to Steer, passed the bow of the boat & peroge Came broad 
  Side against the Cable & broke it which obliged me to order in a loud 
  voice all hands all hands up & at their ores, my preempty order to the 
  men and the bustle of their getting to their ores allarmd the Cheifs, 
  togethr with the appearance of the men on Shore, as the boat turnd. The 
  Cheif hollowered & allarmed the Camp or Town informing them that the 
  Mahars was about attacting us. in about 10 minits the bank was lined with 
  men armed the 1st Cheif at their head, about 200 men appeared and after 
  about 1/2 hour returned all but about 60 men who Continued on the bank all 
  night, the Cheifs Contd. all night with us ¬ This allarm I as well as 
  Captn# Lewis Considered as the Signal of their intentions (which was to 
  Stop our proceeding on our journey and if Possible rob us) we were on our 
  Guard all night, the misfortune of the loss of our Anchor obliged us to 
  Lay under a falling bank much exposd. to the accomplishment of their 
  hostile intentions P# C ¬ our Bowman who Cd. Speek Mahar informed us 
  in the night that the Maha Prisoners informed him we were to be Stoped ¬ we 
  Shew as little Sighns of a Knowledge of their intentions as possible all 
  prepared on board for any thing which might hapen, we kept a Strong guard 
  all night in the boat no Sleep 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0307-1804-09-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of Septr 1804 Friday I made maney attempts in defferent ways to find 
  our anchor without Sukcess, the Sand had Covered her up, we Deturmined to 
  proceed on to Day ¬ and after Brackfast we with great Dificuelty got 
  the Chiefs out of the boat, and when we were about Setting out the Class 
  Called the Soldiars took possession of the Cable ¬  the 1st Cheif was Still 
  on board and intended to go a Short distance up with us, was informed that 
  the men Set on the Cable, he went out and told Capt Lewis who was at the 
  Bow, they wanted tobacco The 2d Chief Demanded a flag & Tobacco which 
  we refused to give, Stateing proper reasons to them for it, after much 
  rangleing, we gave a Carrot of Tobacco to the 1st Cheif and he to the men 
  &lurked the Cable from them & proceeded on under a Breeze from the 
  S E# we took in the 3rd Cheif who was Sitting on a Sand bar 2 miles above ¬ he 
  told us the Rope was held by order of the 2d Chief who was a Double Spoken 
  man ¬ Soon after we Saw a man rideing full Speed up the bank, we 
  brought him on board, & he proved to be the Sun of the 3d Cheif, by 
  him we Sent a talk to the nation, explanitory of our hoisting the red flag 
  under the white, if they were for Peace Stay at home and doe as we had 
  Derected them and if they were for war or deturmined to attempt to Stop 
  us, we were ready to defend our Selves (as I had before Said) we 
  Substituted large Stones in place of an Anchor, we came to at a Small Sand 
  bar in the middle of the river and Stayed all night ¬ I am verry unwell I 
  think for the want of Sleep 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0308-1804-09-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of September 1804 Friday Made many attemps in different ways to find 
  our Anchor but could not, the Sand had Covered it, from the misfortune of 
  last night our boat was laying at Shore in a verry unfavourable Situation, 
  after finding that the anchor Could not be found we deturmined to proceed 
  on, with great difficuelty got the Chiefs out of our boat, and when we was 
  about Setting out the Class Called the Soldiers took possession of the 
  Cable the 1 s Chief which was Still on board & intended to go a Short 
  distance up with us, I told him the men of his nation Set on the Cable, he 
  went out & told Capt Lewis who was at the bow the men who Set on the 
  Roap was Soldiers and wanted Tobacco Capt# L# Said would not agree to be 
  forced into any thing, the 2d Chief Demanded a flag & Tobacco which we 
  refusd. to Give Stateing proper reasons to them for it after much 
  difucelty ¬ which had nearly reduced us to hostility I threw a Carot of 
  Tobacco to 1 s Chief Spoke So as to touch his pride took the port fire 
  from the gunner the Chief gives the Tobaco to his Soldiers & he jurked 
  the rope from them and handed it to the bows man we then Set out under a 
  Breeze from the S# E# about 2 miles up we observed the 3rd Chief on Shore 
  beckining to us we took him on board he informed us the roap was held by 
  the order of the 2d Chief who was a Double Spoken man, Soon after we Saw a 
  man Comeing full Speed, thro the plains left his horse & proceeded 
  across a Sand bar near the Shore we took him on board & observed that 
  he was the Son of the Chief we had on board we Sent by him a talk to the 
  nation Stateent the Cause of our hoisting the red flag undr. the white, if 
  they were for peace Stay at home & do as we had Derected them, if the 
  were for war ore were Deturmined to Stop us we were ready to defend our 
  Selves, we halted one houre & 1/2 on the S# S# & made a Substitute 
  of Stones for a ancher, refreshed our men and proceeded on about 2 miles 
  higher up & came too a verry Small Sand bar in the middle of the river 
  & Stayed all night, I am Verry unwelle for want of Sleep Deturmined to 
  Sleep to night if possible, the men Cooked & we rested well. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0309-1804-09-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Capt# W# Clarks Notes Continued as first taken ¬  29th of September 
  Satturday 1804 ¬ Set out early Some bad Sand bars, at 9 oClock we 
  observed the 2d Chief with 2 men and Squars on Shore, they wished to go up 
  with us as far as the other part of their band, which would meet us on the 
  river above not far Distant we refused to let one more Come on board 
  Stateing Suffient reasons, observd they would walk on Shore to the place 
  we intended to Camp, offered us women we objected and told them we Should 
  not Speake to another teton except the one on board with us, who might go 
  on Shore when ever he pleased, those Indians proceeded on untill later in 
  the evening when the Chief requested that the Perogue might put him across 
  the river which we agreed to ¬ Saw numbers of Elk on the Sand bars 
  today, passed an old Ricara Village at the mouth of a Creek without timber 
  we Stayed all night on the Side of a sand bar 1/2 a Mile from the Shore. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0310-1804-09-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th of Septr. Satturday 1804 Set out early Some bad Sand bars, proceeded 
  on at 9 oClock we observed the 2d Chief & 2 principal men one man 
  & a Squar on Shore, they wished to go up with us as far as the other 
  part of their band, which they Said was on the river a head not far 
  Distant we refused Stateing verry Sufhcint reasons and was plain with them 
  on the Subject, they were not pleased observed that they would walk on 
  Shore to the place we intended to Camp to night, we observed it was not 
  our wish that they Should for if they did we Could not take them or any 
  other Tetons on board except the one we had now with us who might go on 
  Shore when ever he pleased ¬  they proceeded on, the Chief on board askd. 
  for a twist of Tobacco for those men we gave him 1/2 a twist, and Sent one 
  by them for that part of their band which we did not See, & Continued 
  on Saw great numbers of Elk at the mouth of a Small Creek Called No timber 
  (as no timber appeared to be on it.) above the mouth of this Creek the 
  Parties had a Village 5 years ago, ¬ The 2d Chief Came on the Sand bar 
  & requested we would put him across the river, I Sent a Perogue & 
  Crossed him & one man to the S# S# and proceeded on & Came too on 
  a Sand bar on about 1/2 mile from the main Shore & put on it 2 
  Sentinals Continud all night at anchor (we Substitute large Stones for 
  anchors in place of the one we lost) all in high Spirits &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0311-1804-09-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of September Sunday 1804 had not proceeded far before we discovered 
  an Indian running after us, he requstd to go with us to the Ricaras, we 
  refused to take him, I discovered at a great Distanc a great number of men 
  women & Children decending a hill towards the river above which the 
  Chief with us told us was the other Band, Some rain & hard wind at 
  about 10 oClock we anchored opposit the Camps of this band and told them 
  we took them by the hand, and Sent to each Chief a Carrot of Tobacco & 
  Some to the principal men and farther Said that after Staying with the 
  band below 2 days to See them we had been badly treated and Should not 
  land again, as we had not time to Delay ¬ refured then to Mr# Durion 
  for a full account of us, and an explination of what had been Said, they 
  appeard ansioes for us to eat with them and observed they were friendly we 
  apoligised & proceeded on under a Double reafed Sale ¬ the Chief 
  on board threw out to those that ran up Small pieces of Tobacco & told 
  them to go back and open thier ears, We Saw great number of white guls ¬ refresh 
  the party with whiskey, in the evening we Saw 2 Indians at a Distance, The 
  boat turned by accident & was nearly filling and rocked verry much, 
  allarmed the Indian Chief on board who ran and hid himself, we landed 
  & the Indian express a wish to return, we gave him a Blanket Knife 
  & Some tobacco and advised him to keep his men away, we camped on a 
  Sand bar. verry Cold & windy ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0312-1804-09-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of Septr. Sunday 1804. Set out this morning early had not proceeded 
  on far before we discovered an Indn. running after us, he came up with us 
  at 7 oClock & requested to come on bord and go up to the recorees we 
  refused to take any of that band on board if he chose to proceed on Shore 
  it was verry well Soon after I discovered on the hills at a great distance 
  great numbers of Indians which appeared to be makeing to the river above 
  us, we proceeded on under a Double reafed Sail, & Some rain at 9 
  oClock observed a large band of Indians the Same which I had before Seen 
  on the hills incamping on the bank the L# S# we Came too on a Sand bar 
  Brackfast & proceeded on & cast the ancher opposit their Lodgs. at 
  about 100 yards distand, and informed the Indians which we found to be a 
  part of the Band we had before Seen, that took them by the hand and Sent 
  to each Chief a Carrot of tobacco, as we had been treated badly by Some of 
  the band below, after Staying 2 days for them, we Could not delay any 
  time, & refured them to Mr# Duron for a full account of us and to here 
  our talk Sent by him to the Tetons, those were verry Selecitious for us to 
  land and eate with them, that they were friendly &c# &#. we 
  appoligised & proceeded on, Sent the peroge to Shore above with the 
  Tobacco & Delivd. it to a Soldr. of the Chief with us Several of them 
  ran up the river, the Chf. on board threw then out a Small twist of 
  Tobacco & told them to go back & open ther ears. they recved the 
  Tobacco & returned to their lodges ¬ we Saw great numbers of white 
  guls this day is cloudy & rainey ¬ refresh the men with a glass of 
  whisky after Brackfast. 
  = 
  we Saw about 6 miles above 2 Indians who came to the bank and looked at us 
  a about 1/2 an hour & went over the hills to the S W# we proceeded on 
  under a verry Stiff Breeze from the S#, the Stern of the boat got fast on 
  a log and the boat turned & was verry near filling before we got her 
  righted, the waves being verry high, The Chief on board was So fritined at 
  the motion of the boat which in its rocking caused Several loose articles 
  to fall on the Deck from the lockers, he ran off and hid himself, we 
  landed he got his gun and informed us he wished to return, that all things 
  were Cleare for us to go on we would not See any more Tetons &c# we 
  repeated to him what had been Said before and advised him to keep his men 
  away, gave him a blanket a Knife & Some Tobacco, Smokd a pipe & he 
  Set out. we also Set Sale and Came to at a Sand bar, & Camped, a 
  verrey Cold evening, all on our guard 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0313-1804-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of October Monday 1804 The wind blew hard from the S# E# all last 
  night, Set out early passed a large Island in the middle of the river 
  opposit this Island the Ricaras lived in 2 Villages on the S W# Side, 
  about 2 Miles above the upper point of the Island the Chyenne River Coms 
  in on the L# S# and is about 400 yards wide dischargeing but little water 
  for a R# of its Size, the Current jentle, and navagable, to the Black 
  mountains we haule the Boat over a Sand bar, River wide & Shoal, 
  pass'd a Creek at 5 mils we Call Sentinal Creek, a Small one above, but 
  little timber about this river, the hills not So high as usial, the upper 
  Creek I call lookout Creek, Camped on a Sand bar, opposit a Tradeing 
  house, where a Mr# Valles & 2 men had Some fiew goods to trade with 
  the Sioux, a boy came to us, This Mr# Vallie informed us he wintered last 
  winter 300 Legus up the Chyemne River under the Black mountains, he Sais 
  the River is rapid and bad to navagate, it forks 100 Leagus up the N# fork 
  enters the Black mountain 40 Leagues above the forks the Countrey like 
  that on the Missouri less timber more Cedar, the Coat Nur or Black m# is 
  high and Some parts retain Snow all Summer, Covered with timber 
  principally pine, Great number of goats and a kind of anamal with verry 
  large horns about the Size of a Small Elk, White Bear no bever on the 
  chien great numbers in the mountains, The Chyenne Nation has about 300 
  Lodges hunt the Buffalow, Steel horses from the Spanish Settlements, which 
  they doe in 1 month ¬ the Chanal of this River is Corse gravel, Those 
  mountains is inhabited also by the white booted Turkeys worthy of remark 
  that the Grouse or Prarie hen is Booted, the Toes of their feet So 
  constructed as to walk on the Snow, and the Tail Short with 2 long Stiff 
  feathers in the middle. 
  = 
  Sand bars are So noumerous, that it is impossible to discribe them, & 
  think it unnecessary to mention them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0314-1804-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of October Monday 1804 The wind blew hard all last night from the S# 
  E# verry Cold Set out early the wind Still hard passed a large Island in 
  the middle of the river (1) opsd# the lower point of this Island the 
  Recrerees formerly lived in a large Town on the L# S# above the head of 
  the Island about 2 miles we passed the (2) River) L# S# this river Comes 
  in from the S W# and is about 400 yards wide, the Current appears gentle, 
  throwing out but little Sands, and appears to throw out but little water 
  the heads of this River is Indians live Some distance up this river, the 
  presise distance I cant learn, above the mouth of this river the Sand bars 
  are thick and the water Shoal the river Still verry wide and falling a 
  little we are obliged to haul the boat over a Sand bar, after makeing 
  Several attempts to pass. the wind So hard we Came too & Stayed 3 
  hours after it Slackened a little we proceeded on round a bend, the wind 
  in the after part of the Day a head (2) passed a Creek on the L# S# 
  which we Call the Sentinal, this part of the river has but little timber, 
  the hills not so high. the Sand bars now noumerous, & river more than 
  one mile wide including the Sand bars. (2) pass a Small Creek above the 
  latter which we Call lookout C. Continued on with the wind imediately a 
  head, and Came too on a large Sand bar in the middle of the river, we Saw 
  a man opposit to our Camp on the L# S# which we discovd# to be a 
  Frenchman, a little of the willows we observed a house, we Call to them to 
  come over, a boy Came in a Canoo & informed that 2 french men were at 
  the house with good to trade with the Seauex which he expected down from 
  the rickerries everry day, Severl large parties of Seauex Set out from the 
  rics for this place to trade with those men ¬ This Mr# Jon Vallie 
  informs us that he wintered last winter 300 Leagues up the Chien River 
  under the Black mountains, he informs that this river is verry rapid and 
  dificiult even for Canoos to assend and when riseing the Swels is verry 
  high, one hundred Leagues up it forks one fork Comes from the S# the other 
  at 40 Leagues above the forks enters the black Mountain. The Countrey from 
  the Missourie to the black mountain is much like the Countrey on the 
  Missourie, less timber & a greatr perpotion of Ceder. The black 
  Mountains he Says is verry high, and Some parts of it has Snow on it in 
  the Summer great quantities of Pine Grow on the mountains, a great noise 
  is heard frequently on those mountains, on the mountains great numbers of 
  goat, and a kind of Anamale with large Circuler horns, This animale is 
  nearly the Size of an Argalia Small Elk. White bear is also plenty ¬ The 
  Chien Inds# inhabit this river principally, and Steel horses from the 
  Spanish Settlements This excurtion they make in one month the bottoms 
  & Sides of R Chien is Corse gravel. This frenchman gives an account of 
  a white booted turkey an inhabitant of the Cout Noie ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0315-1804-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of October Monday 1804 at the Mouth of River Chien or Dog R We 
  proceeded now from the mouth of this river 11 miles and Camped on a Sand 
  bar in the river opposit to a Tradeing house verry windy & Cold ¬  11 
  miles above the Chien R#
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0316-1804-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  The red Berry is Called by the Rees Nar~nis~ 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The Ricares 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Names of the nations who come to the Ricares to trafick and bring Horses 
  & robes 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     1. * Kun~na~nar~wesh Gens de vash 
     Blue beeds 
     2. ° Noo~tar~wau 
     Hill Climbers 
     3. * Au ner~hoo 
     the people who pen Buffalow to Catch them 
     4. * To~che~wah~Coo 
     Fox Indians 
     5. * To~pah~cass 
     White hair's 
     6. * Cat~tar kah 
     Paducar 
     7. * Kie~wah 
     Tideing Indians 
     8. * Too war Sar 
     Skin pricks 
     9. Shar ha (Chien) 
     the village on the other Side 
     10. We hee Shaw (Chien) 
     The villages on this Side 
@section 3 {tx}
  Those nation all live on the praries from S W# by S# to West of the 
  Ricaries, all Speek different languages and are numerous all follow the 
  Buffalow and winter in the mountains. The Mandans Call a red berry common 
  to the upper part of the Missouri As~say the engages call the Same berry 
  grease de Buff ¬ grows in great abundance a makes a Delightfull Tart 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0317-1804-10-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of October Tuesday 1804, Mr# Vallie Came on board, Lat. 44° 19' 36 N# 
  we observed Some Indians on a hill on the S# S# one Came to the river 
  & fired off his gun and asked us to come he wish us to go to his Camp 
  near at hand we refused, passed a large Island on the S# S#, here we 
  expected the Tetons would attempt to Stop us, and prepared for action, 
  &c# opposit this Island on the L# S# a Small Creek comes in, we call 
  this Caution Island, Camped on a Sand bar 1/2 mile from the main Shore the 
  wind hard from the N W# Cold, the current of the river less rapid, & 
  retains less Sediment than below. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0318-1804-10-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of Octr. 2nd of October Tuesday 1804 a Violent wind all night from the 
  S# E# Slackened a little and we proceeded on. Mr# Jon Vallee Came on board 
  and proceeded on 2 miles with us, a verry Cold morning Some black clouds 
  flying took a meridian altitude & made the Lattitude 44° 19' 36" North 
  this was taken at the upper part of the gouge of the Lookout bend, the 
  Sentinal heard a Shot over the hills to the L# S# dureing the time we were 
  Dineing on a large Sand bar. the after part of this day is pleasent, at 2 
  oClock opposit a wood on the L# S# we observed some Indians on a hill on 
  the S# S# one Came down to the river opposit to us and fired off his gun, 
  & beckind. to us to Come too, we payed no attention to him he followed 
  on Some distance, we Spoke a few words to him, he wished us to go a Shore 
  and to his Camp which was over the hill and Consisted of 20 Lodges, we 
  excused our Selves advised him to go and here our talk of Mr# Durion he 
  enquired for traders we informed him one was in the next bend below & 
  parted, he returned ¬ & we proceeded on (1) passed a large Island, 
  the S# S# here we expected the Tetons would attempt to Stop us and under 
  that Hear we prepared our Selves for action which we expected every 
  moment. opsd# this Island on the L# S# a Small Creek Comes in, This Island 
  we call Isd# of Caution we took in Some wood on a favourable Situation 
  where we Could defend our men on Shore & (2) Camped on a Sand bar 1/2 
  a mile from the main Shore. the wind changed to the N# W# & rose verry 
  high and Cold which Continud. The Current of the Missourie is less rapid 
  & contains much less Sediment of the Same Colour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0319-1804-10-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of October Tuesday 1804 Proceeded on as mentioned in journal No. 2 
  twelve miles Camped above a large Island on a Sand bar, verry windy and 
  Cold the after part of this day, the mid day verry worm, The Lattitude as 
  taken to day is 44° 19' 36" ¬ observe great Caution this day expecting 
  the Seaux intentions Some what hostile towards our progression, The river 
  not So rapid as below the Chien, its width nearly the Same 12 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0320-1804-10-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of October Wednesday 1804 The N W# wind blew verry hard all night with 
  Some rain, we Set out early, at 12 examoned our Stores & goods, 
  Several bags Cut by the mice and Corn Scattered, Some of our Cloth also 
  cut by them also papers &c# &c# at 1 oClock an Indian Came to the 
  Bank S# S, with a turkey on his back 4 other soon joined him Some rain, 
  Saw Brant & white guts flying Southerly 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0321-1804-10-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of October Wednesday 1804 wind blew hard all night from the N W# Some 
  rain and verry Cold. we Set out at 7 oClock & proceeded on 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0322-1804-10-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of October Wednesday 1804 The N# W# wind blew verry hard all night 
  with Some rain a Cold morning, we Set out at 7 oClock and proceeded on at 
  12 oClock landed on a Bare L# S# examined the Perogus & factle of the 
  boat to see if the mice had done any damage, Several bags Cut by them Corn 
  Scattered &#. Some of our Clothes also Spoiled by them, and papers 
  &c# &#. at 1 oClock an Indian Came to the bank S# S# with a turkey 
  on his back, four others Soon joined him, we attempted Several Chanels and 
  Could not find water to assend, landed on a Sand bar & Concluded to 
  Stay all night, & Send out and hunt a Chanell, Some rain this after 
  noon ¬ Saw Brant & white gulls flying Southerly in large flocks ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0323-1804-10-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th of October Thursday ¬ the Wind blew all night from the N W# Some 
  rain we were obliged to drop down 3 miles to get a Channel Sufficient Deep 
  to pass Several Indians on the bank, Call'd to us frequently to Land, one 
  gave 3 yels & Sciped a Ball before us, we payed no attention to them, 
  while at Brackfast one Swam across to us, beged for Powder, we gave him a 
  Small piece of Tobacco & put him over on a Sand bar, passed a large 
  Island in the middle of the river Good hope I# Passed a small Creek L# S# 
  passed a creek L S Camped on a Sand bar at the upper point of an Island on 
  which is the remains of an old ricara Village fortified Called La hoo It 
  was circular, this Village appears to have been deserted about 5 or 6 
  years, 17 houses yet remain, the Island Contains but little timber, the 
  evening verry Cold and wood Scerce, make use of Drift wood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0324-1804-10-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th of October Thursday 1804 the wind blew all night from the NW# Some 
  rain, we were obliged to Drop down 3 miles to get the Chanel Suft# deep to 
  pass up, Several Indians on the Shore viewing of us Called to us to land 
  one of them gave 3 yels & Sciped a ball before us, we payed no 
  attention to him, proceeded on and Came too on the L# S# to brackft one of 
  those Indians Swam across to us beged for Powder, we gave him a piece of 
  Tobacco & Set him over on a Sand bar, and Set out, the wind hard a 
  head (1) passed a Island in the middle of the river about 3 miles in 
  length, we call Goodhope Island, (2) at 4 miles passed a (2) Creek on the 
  L# S# about 12 yards wide Capt# Lewis and 3 men walked on Shore & 
  crossed over to an (3) Island Situated on the S# S# of the Current & 
  near the Center of the river this Isld# is about 11/2 miles long & 
  nearly 1/2 as wide, in the Center of this Island was an old Village of the 
  rickeries Called La ho catt it was Circular and walled Containing 17 
  lodges and it appears to have been deserted about five years, the Island 
  Contains but little timber. we Camped on the Sand bar makeing from this 
  Island, the day verry Cool. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0325-1804-10-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th of October Friday 1804 Frost this morning, Set out early passed a 
  Small Creek on the L# S# saw 3 Tetons on the S# S# they beged Some 
  Tobacco, we proceed on passed a Creek on the S# S# I Saw a white brant in 
  a gangue on the Sand bar Saw a large herd of Cabra or antelopes Swiming 
  the River, we Killed four of them passed a Small Island on the L# S# a 
  large Creek on the L# S# at the head of the Island White Brant Creek, I 
  walked on the Island which is covered with wild rye, I Killed a Buck & 
  a Small wolf this evening, Clear pleasant evening, Camped on a mud bar S# 
  S# refreshd the men with whiskey. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0326-1804-10-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th of October Friday 1804 Frost this morning, we Set out early and 
  proceeded on (1) passed a Small Creek on the L# S# at 7 oClock heard Some 
  yels proceeded on Saw 3 Indians of the Teton band, they called to us to 
  Come on Shore, beged Some Tobacco, we answd# them as usial and proceeded 
  on, passed (2) a Creek on the S# S# at 3 mes# abov the mouth we Saw one 
  white Brant in a gang of about 30, the others all as dark as usial, a 
  Discription of this kind of Gees or Brant Shall be given here after Saw a 
  Gang of Goats Swiming across the river out of which we killed four they 
  were not fatt. in the evening passed a Small (3) Island Situated Close to 
  the L# Side, at the head of this Isd# a large Creek coms in on the L# S# 
  Saw white or Brants, we Call this Creek white Brant Creek ¬ I walked 
  on the Isd# found it Covered with wild rye, I Shot a Buck, Saw a large 
  gang of Goat on the hills opposit, one Buck killed, also a Prarie wolf 
  this evening, the high Land not So high as below, river about the Same 
  width, the Sand bars as noumerous, the earth Black and many of the Bluffs 
  have the appearance of being on fire, we Came too and Camped on a mud bar 
  makeing from the L# S# The evening is Calm and pleasant, refreshed the men 
  with a glass of whiskey ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0327-1804-10-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th of October Satturday 1804 Cold Wind from the N# Saw many large round 
  Stones near the middle of the River passed an old Ricara village of 80 
  Lodges Picketed in those lodges in nearly an octagon form, 20 to 60 feet 
  Diameter Specious Covered with earth and as Close as they Can Stand, a 
  number of Skin Canoes in the huts, we found Squashes of 3 different Kinds 
  growing in the Village Shields Killed an Elk Close by ¬  The Magpy is common 
  here, we Camped off the mouth of Otter Creek on the S# S# this Creek is 22 
  yds# wide & heads near the R# Jacque, ¬ contains much water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0328-1804-10-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th October Satturday 1804 a cool morning wind from the North Set out 
  early passed a willow Island (1) Situated near the S# Shore at the upper 
  point of Som timber on the S# S# many large round Stones near the middle 
  of the river, those Stones appear to have been washed from the hills (2) 
  passed a village of about 80 neet Lodges covered with earth and picketed 
  around, those loges are Spicious of an Octagon form as close together as 
  they can possibly be placed and appear to have been inhabited last Spring, 
  from the Canoes of Skins Mats buckets & found in the lodges, we are of 
  appinion they were the recrereis we found Squashes of 3 Different Kinds 
  growing in the Village, one of our men killed an Elk Close by this 
  Village, I saw 2 wolves in persute of another which appeared to be wounded 
  and nearly tired, we proceeded on found the river Shole we made Severl# 
  attempts to find the main Channel between the Sand bars, and was obliged 
  at length to Drag the boat over to Save a league which we must return to 
  get into the deepest Channel, we have been obgd to hunt a Chanl# for Some 
  time past the river being devided in many places in a great number of 
  Chanels, Saw Gees, Swan, Brants, & Ducks of Different kinds on the 
  Sand bars to day, Capt Lewis walked on Shore Saw great numbers of Prarie 
  hens, I observe but fiew Gulls or Pleaver in this part of the river, The 
  Corvos or Magpye is verry Common in this quarter 
  = 
  We Camped on a large Sand bar off the mouth of Otter Creek on the S# S# 
  this Creek is about 22 yards wide at the mouth and contains a greater 
  perpotion of water than Common for Creeks of its Sise 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0329-1804-10-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of October Sunday 1804 frost last night, passed a River 90 yds# wide 
  the Ricaras Call Sur~war~kar~ne all the water of this river runs in a 
  chanel of 20 yards, the Current appears jentle, I walked up this River a 
  mile, Saw the tracks of white bear, verry large, also a old Ricara village 
  partly burnt, fortified about 60 Lodges built in the Same form of those 
  passed yesterday, many Canoes & Baskets about the huts ¬ about 10 
  oClock we Saw 2 Indians on the S# S# they asked for Something to eat & 
  told us they were Tetons of the band we left below on ther way to the 
  Ricaras we gave them meat & wind hard from the South, passed a large 
  open Island covered with grass and wild rye, I walked on the Isd & 4 
  men they Killed a Braroe & a Black tale Doe with a black breast, the 
  largest Deer I ever saw, the great numbers of Grous on it, we call it 
  Grous Island, Camped opposit the Island near the S# Side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0330-1804-10-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of October Sunday 1804 a Cloudy morning, Some little rain frost last 
  night, we Set out early proceeded on 2 miles to the mouth of a (1) river 
  on the L# S# and brackfast this river whin full is 90 yards wide the water 
  is at this time Confined within 20 yards, the Current appears jentle, this 
  river throws out but little Sand at the mouth of this river we Saw the 
  Tracks of White bear which was verry large, I walked up this river a mile ¬  
  below the (2) mouth of this river, is the remains of a Rockorrie Village 
  or Wintering Camp fortified in a circular form of a bout 60 Lodges, built 
  in the Same form of those passed yesterday This Camp appears to have been 
  inhabited last winter, many of their willow & Straw mats, Baskets 
  & Buffalow Skin Canoes remain intire within the Camp, the Ricares Call 
  this river Sur~war~kar~na or Park from this river we proceeded on under a 
  gentle Breeze from the S# W# at 10 oClock we Saw 2 Indians, on the S# S# 
  they asked for Something to eate, & informed us they were part of the 
  Beiffs De Medisons Lodge on their way to the Rockerreis, passed (3) a 
  willow Island in a bind to the S# S# (4) at 5 miles passd# a willow Island 
  on the S# S# ¬ wind hard from the South in the evening I walked on an 
  (5) Island nearly the middle of the river Called Grous Island, one of the 
  men killed a Shee Brarrow, another man killed a Black tail Deer, the 
  largest Doe I ever Saw (Black under her breast) this Island is nearly 11/4 
  ms# Squar no timbr high and Covered with grass wild rye and Contains Great 
  numbers of Grouse, we proceeded on a Short distance above the Island and 
  Camped on the S# S# a fine evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0331-1804-10-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of October Monday 1804 a cool Morning wind from the N# W# passed the 
  mouth of a Small Creek on the L# S# about 21/2 Miles above the Isd# Passed 
  the Mouth of a River on the L# S# called by the Ricaries We~tar~hoo. this 
  river is 120 yards wide, the water Confined within 20 yards, throws out 
  mud with little Sand, great quanties of red Berries, resembling Currents 
  near the mouth of this river Latd# 45° 39' 5 N# this river heads in the 1s 
  Black Mountain, 2 Miles higher up passed a Small River on the L# S# Called 
  Maropa 25 yards wide Chocked up with mud ¬ our hunters discovered a 
  Ricara village on an Island a fiew miles above we passed the 1s Ricara 
  Village about the center of the Island, in presence of Great numbers of 
  Spectators and Camped above the Island on the L# S# at the foot of Some 
  high land. (Mr# Gravotine a French man joined us as an interpeter) The 
  Island on which is Ricara Village is Situated, is about 3 miles long 
  Seperated from the Main L# Side by a Narrow Deep Channel, those Indians 
  Cultivate on the Island Corn Beens Simmins, Tobacco &c &c# after 
  Landing Capt# Lewis with Mr# Gravelin and 3 men went to the Village, I 
  formd a Camp on Shore with the Perogue crew & guard, with the Boat at 
  Anchor, Capt Lewis returned late, a french man and a Spaniard accompanied 
  him 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0332-1804-10-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of October Monday 1804 a Cool morning Set out early the wind from the 
  N# W# proceeded on passed the mouth of a Small Creek on the L# S# about 
  21/2 miles above Grouse Island, (3) passed a willow Island which Divides 
  the Current equilly. (2) passed the mouth of a River called by the ricares 
  We tar hoo on the L# S# this river is 120 yards wide, the water of which 
  at this time is Confined within 20 yards, dischargeing but a Small 
  quantity, throwing out mud with Small propotion of Sand, great quantities 
  of the red Berries, ressembling Currents, are on the river in every bend ¬ 77° 
  33' 0" Lattitude from the Obsevation of to day at the mouth of this river 
  is 45° 39' 5" North ¬ proceeded on passed a (3) Small river of 25 
  yards wide Called (4) or Beaver Dam R this river is intirely Chocked up 
  with mud, with a Streem of 1 Inch Diamiter passing through, discharging no 
  Sand, at 1 (5) mile passed the lower pint of an Island close on the L# S# 
  2 of our men discovered the reckerrei village, about the Center of the 
  Island on the L# Side on the main Shore. this Island is about 3 miles 
  long, Seperated from the L# S# by a Channel of about 60 yards wide verry 
  Deep, The Isld# is covered with fields, where those people raise their 
  Corn Tobacco Beens &c# &c# Great numbers of those People came on 
  the Island to See us pass, we passed above the head of the Island & 
  Capt# Lewis with 2 interpeters & 2 men went to the Village I formed a 
  Camp of the french & the guard on Shore, with one Sentinal on board of 
  the boat at anchor, a pleasent evening all things arranged both for Peace 
  or War, This Village (6) is Situated about the Center of a large Island 
  near the L# Side & near the foot of Some high bald uneaven hills, 
  Several french men Came up with Capt Lewis in a Perogue, one of which is a 
  Mr# Gravellin a man well versed in the language of this nation and gave us 
  Some information relitive to the Countrey naton &c 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0333-1804-10-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 8, 1804 
@section 3 {tx}
Orders 
October the 8th 1804 
 Robert Frazer being regularly inlisted and haveing become on of the 
Corps of Vollenteers for North Western Discovery, he is therefore to be 
viewed & respected accordingly; and will be anexed to Sergeant Gass's 
mess. 
@section 3 {tx}
  Win Clark Cpt &# Meriwether Lewis River Marapa Capt# 1st U#S# Regt. 
  Infty 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0334-1804-10-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of October Tuesday 1804 a windey night Some rain, and the wind 
  Continued So high & cold We could not Speck in Council with the 
  Indians, we gave them Some Tobacco and informed them we would Speek 
  tomorrow, all the grand Chiefs visited us to day also Mr Taboe, a trader 
  from St# Louis ¬ Many Canoes of a Single Buffalow Skin made in the 
  form of a Bowl Carrying generally 3 and Sometimes 5 & 6 men, those 
  Canoes, ride the highest Waves ¬ the Indians much asstonished at my 
  Black Servent and Call him the big medison, this nation never Saw a black 
  man before, the wind verry high, I saw at Several times to day 3 Squars in 
  single Buffalow Skin Canoes loaded with meat Cross the River, at the time 
  the waves were as high as I ever Saw them in the Missouri 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0335-1804-10-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of October 1804 Tuesday a windey rainey night, and Cold, So much So we 
  Could not Speek with the Indians to day the three great Chiefs and many 
  others Came to See us to day, we gave them Some tobacco and informed them 
  we would Speek on tomorrow, the day Continued Cold & windey Some rain 
  Sorry Canoos of Skins passed down from the 2 villages a Short distance 
  above, and many Came to view us all day, much asstonished at my black 
  Servent, who did not lose the oppertunity of his powers Strength &c# 
  &#. this nation never Saw a black man before. 
  = 
  Several hunters Came in with loads of meat, I observed Several Canoos made 
  of a Single buffalow Skin with 2 & 3 Thre Squars Cross the river to 
  day in Waves as high as I ever Saw them on this river, quite uncomposed I 
  have a Slite Plurise this evening Verry Cold &c# &#. 
  = 
  1st Chiefs name Ka kawissassa (lighting Crow.) 2d do do Pocasse (or Hay) 
  3d do do Piaa he to (or Eagles feather) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0336-1804-10-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of October 1804 at 11 oClock the wind Shifted from S# E to N W# Mr# 
  Taboe visited us ¬ we hear that Some jealousy exists as to the Chiefs 
  to be made ¬ at 1 oclock the Cheifs all assembled under an orning near 
  the Boat, and under the American Flag. we Delivered a Similar Speech to 
  those delivered the Ottoes & Sioux, made three Chiefs, one for each 
  Village and gave them Clothes & flags ¬ 1 s Chief is name 
  Ka~ha~wiss assa lighting ravin 2d Chief Po~casse (Hay) & the 3rd 
  Piaheto or Eagles Feather ¬ after the Council was over we Shot the Air 
  gun, which astonished them, & they all left us, I observed 2 Sioux in 
  the Council one of them I had Seen below, they Came to interceed with the 
  Ricaras to Stop us as we were told ¬ the Inds# much astonished at my 
  black Servent, who made him Self more turrible in thier view than I wished 
  him to Doe as I am told telling them that before I cought him he was wild 
  & lived upon people, young children was verry good eating Showed them 
  his Strength &c# &c# ¬ Those Indians are not fond of Licquer 
  of any Kind ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0337-1804-10-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of October Wednesday 1804. a fine forming wind from the S# E at about 
  11 oClock the wind Shifted, to the N# W# we prepare all things ready to 
  Speak to the Indians, Mr# Tabo & Mr# Gravolin Came to brackfast with 
  us the Chiefs &# came from the lower Town, but none from the 2 upper 
  Towns, which is the largest, we Continue to delay & waite for them at 
  12 oClock Dispatchd Gravelin to envite them to Come down, we have every 
  reason to believe that a jellousy exists between the Villages for fear of 
  our makeing the 1st Cheif from the lower Village, at one oClock the Cheifs 
  all assembled & after Some little Cerrimony the Council Commenced, we 
  informd them what we had told the others before i e Ottoes & Seaux. 
  made 3 Cheif 1 for each Village. gave them presents. 
  = 
  after the Council was Over we Shot the air guns which astonished them 
  much, they then Departed and we rested Secure all night, Those Indians wer 
  much astonished at my Servent, They never Saw a black man before, all 
  flocked around him & examind# him from top to toe, he Carried on the 
  joke and made himself more turibal than we wished him to doe. (Thos 
  Indians were not fond of Spirits Licquer. of any kind) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0338-1804-10-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th of October Thursday 1804 wind S# E# at 11 oClock met the 1s Chief in 
  Council, he Thanked us for what we had given him & his people promised 
  to attend to our advise, and Said the road was open for us and no one Dare 
  Shut it &c# &#. we took him and one Chief on board and Set out, on 
  our way took in the 2d Chief at the mo of a Small Creek, and Came too off 
  the 2d village which is 3 miles above the Island, we walked up with the 2 
  & 3 Chiefs to their villages which is Situated on each Side of a Small 
  Creek, they gave us Something to eat in thier way, after Conversations on 
  various Subjects & Beareing the civilities of those people who are 
  both pore & dirtey we informed the Chiefs we would here what they had 
  to Say tomorrow and returned on board about 10 oClock P M# Those people 
  gave us to eat Corn & Beans, a large well flavoured Been which they 
  rob the Mice of in the Plains and is verry nurishing ¬ all tranquillity 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0339-1804-10-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th October Thursday 1804 a fine morning the wind from the S# E# at 11 
  oClock we met the Grand Chief in Council & and he made a Short Speech 
  thanking us for what we had Given him & his nation promisseing to 
  attend to the Council we had given him & informed us the road was open 
  & no one dare Shut it, & we might Departe at pleasure, at 1 oClock 
  we Set out for the upper villages 3 miles distant, the Grand Chief & 
  nephew on board, proceeded on at 1 mile took in the 2d Chief & Came 
  too off the first Second village Seperated from the 3rd by a Creek after 
  arrangeing all matters we walked up with the 2d Chief to his village, and 
  Set talking on various Subjects untile late we also visited the upper or 
  3rd Village each of which gave us Something to eate in their way, and a 
  fiew bushels of Corn Beens &# &c# 
  = 
  after being treated by everry civility by those people who are both pore 
  & Durtey we returned to our boat at about 10 oClk# P M# informing them 
  before we Departed that we would Speek to them tomorrow at there Seperate 
  Villages. Those people gave us to eate bread made of Corn & Beens, 
  also Corn & Beans boild# a large Been, which they rob the mice of the 
  Prarie which is rich & verry nurrishing also 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0340-1804-10-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
   (Ricares) 
  = 
  October the 11th Thursday 1804 we met in Council to hear what the Grand 
  Chief Ka kaw issassa had to Say in answer to the Speech of yesterday 
  = 
  The Grand Chief rose and spoke as follows i, e, 
  = 
  My Fathers ¬ ! My heart is glader than it ever was before to See my fathers. a 
  repetition. 
  = 
  If you want the road open no one Can provent it it will always be open for 
  you. 
  = 
  Can you think any one Dare put their hands on your rope of your boat. No! 
  not one dar 
  = 
  When you Get to the mandans we wish you to Speak good words with that 
  Nation for us. we wish to be at peace with them. 
  = 
  It gives us pain that we do not Know how to work the Beaver, we will make 
  Buffalow roabs the best we Can. 
  = 
  when you return if I am living you will See me again the same man The 
  Indian in the prarie know me and listen to my words, when you come they 
  will meet to See you. 
  = 
  We Shall look at the river with impatient for your return. Finished 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0341-1804-10-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th of October Friday after Brackfast we joined the Chiefs & Indians 
  on the bank who wer waiting for us, and proseeded to the 1st village and 
  Lodge of the Pocasse, This man Spok at Some lengths, to the Same purpote 
  of the 1 s Chief, & Declareing his intentions of visiting his great 
  father, Some Doubts as to his Safty in Passing the Sioux, requested us to 
  take a Chief of their nation and make a good peace with the Mandan for 
  them, that they Knew that they were the Cause of the war by Killing the 2 
  Mandan Chiefs ¬ this Chief & people gave us about 7 bushels of 
  Corn, Some Tobacco of their own make, and Seed Legins & a Robe We 
  proceeded to the 3rd Chiefs Village which is the largest, after the usial 
  Seremoney of Eating Smokg# &# he Spoke to near the Same amount of the 
  last Chief, & more pleasently, he gave us 10 bushels of Corn, Some 
  Beens & Simmins, after he had Spoken, and I gave Some Sketches of the 
  Power & Magnitude of Our Countrey, we returned to our Boat, I have the 
  rhumetism on my neck the Chiefs accompanied us on board, we gave them Some 
  Sugar Salt and a Sun Glass each, and after eating a little they returned 
  on Shore leaveing one to accompany us to the Mandans, and we Set out 
  viewed by men womin & children of each village proceeded on about 91/2 
  miles and Camped on the S S# Clear & Cold ¬ The Ricaras Are about 
  500 men Mr# Taboe say 600 able to bear arms, and the remains of ten 
  different tribes of Panias reduced by the Small Pox & wares with the 
  Sioux, they are tall Stout men corsily featured, their womin Small & 
  industerous raise great quantites of corn beans &c also Tobacco for 
  the men to Smoke, they collect all the wood and doe the Drudgery common 
  amongst Savages ¬ Their language is So corrupted that many lodges of 
  the Same village with dificuelty under Stand all that each other Say ¬ They 
  are Dirty, Kind, pore, & extravegent; possessing natural pride, no 
  begers, rcive what is given them with pleasure, Thier houses are close 
  together & Towns inclosed with Pickets, thier Lodges are 30 to 40 feet 
  in Diamuter Covered with earth on Neet Poles Set end wise resting on 4 
  forks Supporting Beems Set in a Square form near the Center, and lower 
  about 5 feet high other forks all around Supt# Strong Beems, from 8 to 10 
  of those, with a opening at top of about 5 to 6 feet Square, on the Poles 
  which pass to the top, Small Willow & grass is put across to Support 
  the earth ¬ The Sioux exchange, Some merchndze of Small value which 
  they get from Mr# Cameron of St# Peters for Corn &c and have great 
  influence over this people treat them roughly and keep them in contineal 
  dread ¬ The Ricaras are at war with the Crow Indians and Mandans ¬ &c# 
  & ¬ The Ricaras, have a custom Similar to the Sioux in maney 
  instances, they think they cannot Show a Sufficient acknowledgement 
  without to their guest handsom Squars and think they are despised if they 
  are not recved 
  = 
  The Sioux followed us with women two days we put them off. the Ricarries 
  we put off dureing the time we were near their village ¬ 2 were Sent 
  by a man to follow us, and overtook us this evening, we Still procisted in 
  a refusial ¬ The Dress of the Ricara men is Simpally a pr# of Mockersons 
  & Legins, a flap, and a Buffalow Robe ¬ Their Hair is long and 
  lais loose their arms & ears are decerated with trinkets 
  = 
  The womin Dress Mockersons & Legins & Skirt of the Skin of the 
  Cabre or Antelope, long fringed & roab to the fringes & with 
  Sleaves, verry white, and Roabes ¬ all were Dressed to be without hare 
  in the Summer 
  = 
  Those people make large Beeds of Diferrent colours, out of glass or Beeds 
  of Dift colours, verry ingeniously 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0342-1804-10-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th October Friday 1804 I rose early after brackfast we joined the 
  Indians who were waiting on the bank for us to come out and go and 
  Council, we accordingly joined them and went to the house of the 2nd Chief 
  Lassil where there was many Chief and warriers & about 7 bushels of 
  Corn, a pr Leagins a twist of their Tobacco & Seeds of 2 Kind of 
  Tobacco we Set Some time before the Councill Commenced this man Spoke at 
  Some length declareing his dispotion to believe and prosue our Councils, 
  his intention of going to Visit his great father acknowledged the 
  Satisfaction in receiveing the presents &c# rais'g a Doubt as to the 
  Safty on passing the nations below particularly the Souex. requested us to 
  take a Chief of their nation and make a good pact with Mandins & 
  nations above. after answering those parts of the 2d Chiefs Speech which 
  required it, which appeared to give General Satisfaction we went to the 
  Village of the 3rd Chief and as usial Some Serimony took place before he 
  Could Speek to us on the Great Subject. This Chief Spoke verry much in the 
  Stile on nearly the Same Subjects of the other Chief who Set by his Side, 
  more Sincear & pleasently, he presented us with about 10 bushels of 
  Corn Some beens & quashes all of which we acksepted with much 
  pleasure, after we had ansd# his Speech & give them Some account of 
  the Magnitude & power of our Countrey which pleased and astonished 
  them verry much we returned to our boat, the Chiefs accompanied us on 
  board, we gave them Some Sugar a little Salt, and a Sun Glass, & Set 2 
  on Shore & the third proceeded on with us to the Mandens by name, at 2 
  oClock we Set out the inhabitints of the two Villages Viewing us from the 
  banks, we proceeded on about 91/2 miles and Camped on the S# S# at Some 
  woods passed, the evening Clear & pleasent Cooler 
  = 
  The Nation of the Rockerries is about 600 men able to bear arms a Great 
  perpotion of them have fusees they appear to be peacefull, their men tall 
  and perpotiend, womin Small and industerous, raise great quantities of 
  Corn Beens Simmins &c# also Tobacco for the men to Smoke they Collect 
  all the wood and do the drugery as Common amongst Savages. 
  = 
  Thise nation is made up of 10 Different Tribes of the Pania, who had 
  formerly been Seperate, but by Commotion and war with their neighbours 
  have Come reduced and compelled to Come together for protection, The 
  Curruption of the language of those different Tribes has So reduced the 
  language that the Different Villages do not understade all the words of 
  the others. Those people are Durtey, Kind, pore, & extravigent 
  pursessing national pride. not beggarley reive what is given with great 
  pleasure, Live in worm houses large and built in an oxigon form forming a 
  Cone at top which is left open for the Smoke to pass, those houses are 
  generally 30 or 40 foot Diamiter. Covd# with earth on poles willows & 
  grass to prevent the earths passing thro, Those people express an 
  inclination to be at peace with all nations The Seaux who trade the goods 
  which they get of the British Traders for their corn, and great influence 
  over the Rockeres, poisen their minds and keep them in perpetial dread. 
  = 
  I Saw Some of the Chien or Dog Indians, also a man of a nation under the 
  Court new ¬ This nation is at war with the Crow Indians & have 3 
  Children prisoners. 
  = 
  a curious Cuistom with the Souix as well as the reckeres is to give 
  handsom Squars to those whome they wish to Show Some acknowledgements to ¬ The 
  Seauix we got Clare of without taking their Squars, they followed us with 
  Squars 13th two days. The Rockores we put off dureing the time we were at 
  the Towns but 2 Handsom young Squars were Sent by a man to follow us, they 
  Came up this evening and peresisted in their Civilities. 
  = 
  Dress of the men of this nation is Simply a pr# mockerson, Leagins, flap 
  in front & a Buffalow roabe, with ther arms & ears Deckorated The 
  women, wore Mockersons leagins fringed and a Shirt of Goat Skins, Some 
  with Sleaves. this garment is longe & Genlry# White & fringed, 
  tied at the waste with a roabe, in Summer without hair. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0343-1804-10-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd Chief Ricaras 
  = 
  My Father, I am glad to See this is a fine Day to here the good Councils 
  & talk good talk I am glad to See you & that your intentions are 
  to open the road for all we See that our Grand father has Sent you to open 
  the road we See it Our Grand father by Sending you means to take pity on 
  us Our Grand father has Sent you with tobacco to make peace with all 
  nations, we think 
  = 
  The first nation who has recomended the road to be clear and open. You 
  Come here & have Directed all nations which you have met to open & 
  clear the road. you come to See the water & roads to Clear them as 
  Clear as possible 
  = 
  you just now Come to See us, & we wish you to tell our Grand ftar that 
  we wish the road to be kept Clear & open. I expect the Chief in the 
  next Town will tell you the Same to move on & open the road 
  = 
  I think when you Saw the nations below they wish you to open the road (or 
  something to that amount) when you passd# the Souex they told you the Same 
  I expect. we See you here to day we are pore our women have no Strouds 
  & Knives to Cut their meat take pitty on us when you return. 
  = 
  you Come here & Derect us to Stay at home & not go to war, we 
  Shall do So, we hope you will when you get to the Mandins you will tell 
  them the Same & Cleer the road, no one Dar to Stop you, you go when 
  you please, 
  = 
  The you tell us to go Down, we will go and See our grand father & here 
  & receve his Gifts, and think fully that our nation will be covered 
  after our return, our people will look for us with the same impatience 
  that our Grand father looks for your return, to Give him 
  = 
  If I am going to See my grand father, many bad nations on the road, I am 
  not afraid to Die for the good of my people (all Cried around him.) 
  = 
  The Chief By me will go to the Mandans & hear what they will Say. (we 
  agree'd.) 
  = 
  The verry moment we Set out to go down we will Send out my Brother to 
  bring all the Nation in the open prarie to See me part on this Great 
  mission to See my Great father. 
  = 
  our people hunting Shall be glad to here of your being here & they 
  will all Come to See, as you Cannot Stay they must wate for your return to 
  See you, we are pore take pity on our wants 
  = 
  The road is for you all to go on, who do you think will injure a white man 
  when they come to exchange for our Roabes & Beaver 
  = 
  after you Set out many nations in the open plains may Come to make war 
  against us, we wish you to Stop their guns & provent it if possible. 
  Finished 
  = 
  3d Chief of Ricares 
  = 
  My fathers I will see the Indians below & See if they have the hart as 
  they tell you 
  = 
  The nation below is the Mahas & Ottes & but one nation, (the 
  Souix) has not a good heart. 
  = 
  I always look at the 1 t Chief & the 2d whin they go & will also 
  follow ther example & go on also 
  = 
  You See those 2 men they are chiefs, when I go they will take Care, they 
  beleve your words. 
  = 
  Mabie we will not tell the trooth, as to the Child perhaps they will not 
  wish to go. 
  = 
  My Children the old women & men whin I return I can then give them, 
  Some a Knife Some powder & others Ball &c# What is the matter if 
  we was to go for nothing my great Chief wish to go, I wish to go also. 
  = 
  when I go to See my Grand father I wish to return quicke for fear of my 
  people being uneasy. 
  = 
  my Children are Small & perhaps will be uneasy whin I may be Safe 
  = 
  I must go, I also wish to go, perhaps I may when I return make my people 
  glad 
  = 
  I will Stay at home & not go to War even if my people are Struck 
  = 
  we will believ your word but I fear the Indians above will not believe 
  your word. 
  = 
  I will think that 1/2 of the men who will return will Stay in this Village 
  1/2 below in the other villages 
  = 
  what did the Seaus tell you (we informd them) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0344-1804-10-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of October Satturday 1804 Newmon Confined for Mutinous expressions, 
  proceeded on passed a Camp of Sioux on the S# S# those people did not 
  Speak to us. passed a Creek on the S# S# 18 miles above the Ricaras I call 
  Stone Idol Creek, this Creek heads in a Small lake at no great distance, 
  near which there is a Stone to which the Indians asscribe great virtue 
  &# &c# at 21 Miles passed a Creek 15 yds wide on the L# S I call 
  Pocasse, we observed great quantites of grapes, a fine Breez from S E 
  Camped on the L# S# Some rain thus evening, we formed a Court Martial of 7 
  of our party to Try Newmon, they Senteenced him 75 Lashes and banishment 
  from the party ¬ The river narrow current jentle & wood plenty on 
  the Bottoms the up land is as usial Open divircified plains, generally 
  rich & leavel. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0345-1804-10-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of October Satturday 1804 one man J# Newmon Confined for mutinous 
  expression Set out early proceeded on, passd# a Camp of Seauex on the S# 
  S# those people only viewed us & did not Speak one word ¬ The 
  visiters of last evening all except one returned which is the Brother of 
  the Chief we have on board passed (1) a Creek on the S# S# 13 yds# at 18 
  me# above the Town heading in Some Ponds a Short Diste# to the N# E we 
  call Stone Idol C# (well to observe here that the Yankton or R Jacque 
  heads at about 2 Days March of this place Easterly, the R de Seauex one 
  Day further, the Chien a branch of R# Rouche Still beyend, and the River 
  St# Peters 4 Days March from this place on the Same direction Informtn# of 
  the Rockores). passed 2 large willow (2) & Sand Islands above the 
  mouth of the last Creek ¬ at 21 miles above the Village passed a (3) 
  Creek about 15 yards wide on the L# S# we Call after 2d Chief Pocasse (or 
  Hay) nearly opposit this creek a fiew miles from the river on the S# S# 2 
  Stones resembling humane persons & one resembling a Dog is Situated in 
  the open Prarie, to those Stone the Rockores pay Great reverance make 
  offerings whenever they pass (Infomtn# of the Chief & Intepeter) those 
  people have a Curious Tredition of those Stones, one was a man in Love, 
  one a Girl whose parents would not let marry, the Dog went to mourn with 
  them all turned to Stone gradually, Commenceing at the feet. Those people 
  fed on grapes untill they turned, & the woman has a bunch of grapes 
  yet in her hand on the river near the place those are Said to be Situated, 
  we obsd# a greater quantity of fine grapes than I ever Saw at one place. 
  = 
  The river about the Island on which the lower Rockores Village is Situated 
  is narrow and Conts# a great propotion of Timber than below, the bottoms 
  on both Sides is Covered with timber the up lands naked the Current jentle 
  and Sand bars Confined to the points Generally 
  = 
  We proceeded on under a fine Breeze from the S#E# and Camped late at the 
  upper part of Some wood on the Starboard Side, Cold & Some rain this 
  evening. we Sent out hunters Killed one Deer. 
  = 
  We Tried the Prisoner Newmon last night by 9 of his Peers they did 
  "Centence him 75 Lashes & Disbanded the party." 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0346-1804-10-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis and Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 13, 1804 
@section 3 {txlc}
  Orders 13th of October 1804 A court Martial to Consist of nine members 
  will set to day at 12 oClock for the trial of John Newman now under 
  Confinement Capt# Clark will attend to the forms & rules of a 
  president without giveing his opinion 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     Detail for the Court Martial 
     Sert# John Ordaway 
     Sergeant Pat# Gass 
     Jo# Shields 
     H# Hall 
     Jo# Collins 
     Wm# Werner 
     Wm# Bratten 
     Jo# Shannon 
     Silas Goodrich 
     Meriwether Lewis 
     Capt# 1st U S# Regt# Infty# 
     Win Clark Capt 
     or E# N W D 
@section 3 {tx}
  In conformity to the above order the Court martial convened this day for 
  the trial of John Newman, charged with "having uttered repeated 
  expressions of a highly criminal and mutinous nature; the same having a 
  tendency not only to distroy every principle of military discipline, but 
  also to alienate the affections of the individuals composing this 
  Detachment to their officers, and disaffect them to the service for which 
  they have been so sacredly and solemnly engaged." ¬ The Prisonar plead 
  not guilty to the charge exhibited against him. The court after having 
  duly considered the evidence aduced, as well as the defense of the said 
  prisonor, are unanimously of opinion that the prisonar John Newman is 
  guilty of every part of the charge exhibited against him, and do sentence 
  him agreeably to the rules and articles of war, to receive seventy five 
  lashes on his bear back, and to be henceforth discarded from the perminent 
  party engaged for North Western discovery; two thirds of the Court 
  concurring in the sum and nature of the punishment awarded. the commanding 
  officers approve and confirm the sentence of the court, and direct the 
  punishment take place tomorrow between the hours of one and two P#M# ¬ The 
  commanding officers further direct that John Newman in future be attatched 
  to the mess and crew of the red Perogue as a labouring hand on board the 
  same, and that he be deprived of his arms and accoutrements, and not be 
  permited the honor of mounting guard untill further orders; the commanding 
  officers further direct that in lue of the guard duty from which Newman 
  has been exempted by virtue of this order, that he shall be exposed to 
  such drudgeries as they may think proper to direct from time to time with 
  a view to the general relief of the detachment. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0347-1804-10-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of October Sunday 1804 Some rain last night we Set out in the rain 
  which continued all day passed a Creek on the L# S# Piaheto 15 yds Wide, 
  halted on a Sand bar and had the punishmt inflicted on Newmon, which 
  caused the indian Chieif to cry untill the thing was explained to him 
  Camped opposit an antient fortification which is on the L# S, when I 
  explained to the Chief the Cause of whipping N ¬ he observed that 
  examples were necessary & that he himself had made them by Death, but 
  his nation never whiped even from their bearth. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0348-1804-10-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of October Sunday 1804. Some rain last night all wet & Cold, we 
  Set early the rain contind all Day at  ¿¿  miles we passed a (1) Creek in 
  the L# S# 15 yards wide this Creek we Call after the 3rd Chief Piaheto (or 
  Eagles feather) at 1 oClock we halted on a Sand bar & after Dinner 
  executed the Sentence of the Court Martial So far as giveing the Corporal 
  punishment, & proceeded on a fiew miles, the wind a head from N# E# 
  Camped in a Cove of the bank on the S# S# imediately opposit our Camp on 
  the L# Side I observe an antient fortification the walls of which appear 
  to be 8 or 10 feet high, the evening wet and disagreeable, the river 
  Something wider more timber on the banks 
  = 
  The punishment of this day allarmd. the Indian Chief verry much, he Cried 
  aloud (or effected to Cry) I explained the Cause of the punishment and the 
  necessity He thought examples were also necessary, & he himself had 
  made them by Death, his nation never whiped even their Children, from 
  their burth. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0349-1804-10-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of October Rained all last night, passed a Ricara hunting camp on the 
  S#S# & halted at another on the L#S, Several from the 1t Camp visited 
  us and gave meat as also those of the Camp we halted at, we gave them fish 
  hooks Some beeds &c# as we proceeded on we Saw a number of Indians on 
  both Sides all day, Saw L# S some Curious Nnobs high and much the 
  resemblance of a hiped rough house, we halted at a Camp of 10 Lodges of 
  Ricaras on the S# S#, we visited thier Lodges & were friendly recved 
  by all ¬ their women fond of our men ¬ &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0350-1804-10-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of October Monday 1804 rained all last night, we Set out early and 
  proceeded on at 3 Miles passed an Ind# Camp on the S# S# we halted above 
  and about 30 of the Indians came over in their Canoos of Skins, we eate 
  with them, they give us meat, in return we gave fishhooks & Some 
  beeds, about a mile higher we came too on the L# S# at a Camp of Ricres of 
  about 8 Lodges, we also eate & they gave Some meat, we proceded on Saw 
  numbers of Indians on both Sides passing a Creek, Saw many Curious hills, 
  high and much the resemblance of a house with a hiped roof, at 12 oClock 
  it Cleared away and the evening was pleasent, wind from the N# E# ¬ at 
  Sunset we arrived at a Camp of Ricares of 10 Lodges on the S# S# we Came 
  too and Camped near them Capt Lewis & my Self went with the Chief who 
  accompanis us, to the Huts of Several of the men all of whome Smoked & 
  gave us Something to eate also Some meat to take away, those people were 
  kind and appeared to be much plsd# at the attentioned paid them. 
  = 
  Those people are much pleased with my black Servent ¬ Their womin 
  verry fond of carressing our men. &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0351-1804-10-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th of October Tuesday 1804 Some rain this morning 2 Squars verry anxious 
  to accompany us we Set out with our Chief on Board by name Ar ke tar nar 
  shar (or Chief of the Town) a little above our Camp on the L# S# passed an 
  old Shyenne Village, which appears to have been Serounded with a wall of 
  earth; this is the retreat & first Stand of this nation after being 
  reduced by the Sioux and drove from their Countrey on the heads of red 
  River of L Winipic where they Cultivated the landspassed a Creek I call 
  So~harch or Girl Creek L# S# 2 miles higher passed Woman Crreek or 
  Char~parts passed an Island Situated in a bend to the S# S# at the lower 
  point of this Island a Creek comes in Called Kee~tooth 
  = 
  Sar~kar~nar ¬ or the place of Beaver above the Island a Small River on 
  the Same S# Side Called War~re~Con nee Elk shed their horns, this river is 
  35 yards wide & heads near the River au Jacque, Carp Island wind hard 
  a head from the N W# Saw great numbers of goats or Antelope on Shore, Capt 
  Lewis one man & the Ricara Chief walked on Shore, in the evening I 
  discovered a number of Indians on each Side and goats in the river or 
  Swiming & on Sand bars, when I came near Saw the boys in the water 
  Swiming amongst the goats & Killing them with Sticks, and then hauling 
  them to the Shore those on Shore Kept them in the water, I saw 58 Killed 
  in this way and on the Shore, the hunter with Cap Lewis Shot 3 goats I 
  came too and Camped above the Ricara Camp on the L# S# Several Indians 
  visited us duereing the night Some with meat, Sang and were merry all 
  night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0352-1804-10-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th October Tuesday 1804 Some rain this morning, 2 young Squars verry 
  anxious to accompany us, we Set out with our Chief on board by name Ar ke 
  tar na Shar or Chief of the Town, a little above our Camp on the L# S# 
  passed a Circular work, where the, Shar ha (or Chien, or Dog Indians) 
  formerly lived, a Short distance abov passed a Creek which we Call Chien 
  Creek, above is a willow Island Situated near (i) the L# Side a large 
  Sand bar above & on both Sides (2) passed a Creek above the Island on 
  the L# S# call So~harch (or Girls) Creek, at 2 miles higher up (3) passed 
  a Creek on L# S# call Char part (or womins) Creek passed (5) an Island 
  Situated in a bend to the S# S# this Isd# is about 11/2 miles long, 
  Covered with timber Such as Cotton wood, opsd# the lower point a creek 
  coms in on the S# S# called by the Indians Kee tooth Sar kar nar (or place 
  of Beavr) above the Island a Small river about 35 yards wide corns in 
  Called War re con ne or (Elk Shed their horns). The Island is Called Carp 
  Island by Ivens. wind hard from the N# W# Saw great numbers of Goats on 
  the Shore S# S# proceeded on Capt# Lewis & the Indian Chief walked on 
  Shore, Soon after I discovered Great numbers of Goats in the river, and 
  Indians on the Shore on each Side, as I approached or got nearer I 
  discovered boys in the water Killing the Goats with Sticks and halling 
  them to Shore, Those on the banks Shot them with arrows and as they 
  approachd. the Shore would turn them back of this Gangue of Goats I 
  counted 58 of which they had killed & on the Shore, one of our hunters 
  out with Cap Lewis killed three Goats, we passed the Camp on the S# S# and 
  proceeded 1/2 mile and Camped on the L# S# many Indians came to the boat 
  to See, Some Came across late at night, as they approach they hollowed and 
  Sung, after Staying a Short time 2 went for Some meat, and returned in a 
  Short time with fresh & Dried Buffalow, also goat, those Indians 
  Strayed all night, They Sung and was verry merry the greater part of the 
  night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0353-1804-10-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  October 16, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  October 16th This day took a small bird alive of the order of the  ¿¿  or 
  goat suckers. it appeared to be passing into the dormant state. on the 
  morning of the 18th the murcury was at 30 above 0. the bird could scarcely 
  move. I run my penknife into it's body under the wing and completely 
  distroyed it's lungs and heart ¬ yet it lived upwards of two hours 
  this fanominon I could not account for unless it proceeded from the want 
  of circulation of the blood. the recarees call this bird to'~na it's 
  note is at~tah~to'~nah'; at~tah'to'~nah'; to~nah, a nocturnal bird, sings 
  only in the night as does the whipperwill. it's weights oz 17 Grains 
  Troy 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0354-1804-10-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of October 1804 Wind S# W# I walked on Shore with the Ricara Chief 
  and an Inteprieter, they told me maney extroadenary Stories, I Killed 3 
  Dear & a Elk, the Chief Killed a Deer and our hunters Killed 4 Deer, 
  in my absenc the wind rose So high that the Boat lay too all Day; Latd 46° 
  23' 57" N, I caught a Small uncommon whiperwill we observe emence herds of 
  Goats, or Antelopes flocking down from the N E Side & Swiming the 
  River, the Chief tels me those animals winter in the Black Mountain, and 
  in the fall return to those mounts from every quarter, and in the Spring 
  disperse in the planes, those emence herds we See all of which is on the N 
  E Side of the River is on their way to the mountain, and in the Spring 
  they will be as noumeroes on their return (some ganges winter on the 
  Missouri) camped on the L# S# 
  = 
  note from the Ricares to the River Jacque near N# E# is about 40 mes# to 
  the Chien a fork of R Rogue 20 passing the Souix River near the Chien this 
  from information of Mr# Graveline who passed through this Countrey 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0355-1804-10-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th October Wednesday 1804. Set out early a fine morning the wind from 
  the N W# after brackfast I walked on Shore with the Indian Chief & 
  Interpeters, Saw Buffalow Elk and Great numbers of Goats in large gangues 
  (I am told by Mr# G# that those Animals winter in the Black mountains and 
  this is about the Season they Cross from the East of the Missouris to go 
  to that Mountain, they return in the Spring and pass the Missourie in 
  Great numbers). This Chief tells me of a number of their Treditions about 
  Turtles, Snakes, &# and the power of a perticiler rock or Cave on the 
  next river which informs of everr thing none of those I think worth while 
  mentioning ¬ The wind So hard a head the boats Could not move aftr 10 
  oClock, Capt Louis Took the altitude of the Sun Laid# 46° 23' 57" I Killed 
  3 Deer and the hunters with me killed 3 also the Indian Shot one but Could 
  not get it ¬ I Scaffeled up the Deer & returned & met the boat 
  after night on the L# S# about 6 miles above the place we Camped last 
  night ¬ one of the men Saw a number of Snakes, Capt Lewis Saw a large 
  Beaver house S# S# I Cought a Whipprwill Small & not Common. the 
  leaves are falling fast. the river wide and full of Sand bars. Great 
  numbers of verry large Stone on the Sides of the hills & Some rock of 
  a brownish Colour in the Ld# Bend below this. 
  = 
  Great numbers of Goats are flocking down to the S# Side of the river on 
  their way to the Black Mountains where they winter those animals return in 
  the Spring in the Same way & Scatter in different directions. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0356-1804-10-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th of October 1804. at 6 miles passed the mouth of La Bullet or Cannon 
  Ball River on the L# Side about 140 yards Wide, and heads near the Black 
  Mountains above the mouth of this River, in and at the foot of the Bluff, 
  and in the water is a number of round Stones, resembling Shells and Cannon 
  balls of Different Sises, and of excellent grit for Grindstons ¬ the 
  Bluff continus for about a mile, The water of this River is confined 
  within 40 yards ¬ we met 2 french men in a Canoe, who informed us they 
  wer trapping near the mandans and were robed of 4 Traps, & part of 
  their Skins and Several other articles by Indians he took to be Mandans 
  those men return with us, Saw emence numbers of Goats all Day S# S# our 
  hunters Kill Sevral passed a large Creek Called Che wah or fish Creek on 
  the S# S# 28 yds# wide, passed a Small Creek at 2 m on the L# S# Camped on 
  the L# S# Saw a no of Buffalow, & in one gangue 248 Elk our hunters 
  Killed 6 Deer & 4 Elk this evening, The Countrey is leavel and fine 
  Some high Short hills, and ridges at a Distance, Bottoms fine and 
  Partially timbered with Cotton wood principally Some ash & Elm. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0357-1804-10-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th of October Thursday 1804 Set out early proceeded on at 6 mes# passed 
  the mouth of (1) la Boulet (or Cannon Ball River) about 140 yards wide on 
  the L# S# this river heads in the Court not or Black mountains) (a fine 
  Day) above the mouth of this river Great numbers of Stone perfectly round 
  with fine Grit are in the Bluff and on the Shore, the river takes its name 
  from those Stones which resemble Cannon Balls. The water of this 
  river is Confined within 40 yards. We met 2 french men in a perogue 
  Desending from hunting, & complained of the Mandans robing them of 4 
  Traps ther fur & Seeveral othr articles Those men were in the imploy 
  of our Ricaree interpeter Mr# Gravelin they turned & followered us. 
  = 
  Saw Great numbers of Goats on the S# S# Comeing to the river our hunters 
  Killed 4 of them Some run back and others crossed & prosceed on their 
  journey to the Court Noir, at (3) passed a Small River Called Che wah or 
  fish river on the S# S# this river is about 28 yards wide and heads to the 
  N# E, passed a Small creek on the L# S# 1 mile abov the last, and Camped 
  on a Sand bar on the L# S# opposit to us we Saw a Gangue of Buffalow bulls 
  which we did not think worth while to kill ¬  our hunters Killd# 4 Goats 6 
  Deer 4 Elk & a pelican & informs that they Saw in one Gang 248 
  Elk, (I walked on Shore, in the evining with a view to See Some of those 
  remarkable places mentioned by evens, none of which I could find,) The 
  Countrey in this quarter is Generally leavel & fine Some high Short 
  hills, and some ragid ranges of Hills at a Distans 
  = 
  The ricara Indians inform us that they find no black tail Deer as high up 
  as this place, those we find are of the fallow Deer Kind 
  = 
  The Ricareis are not fond of Spiritous liquers, nor do they apper to be 
  fond of receiveing any or thank full for it 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0358-1804-10-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of October Friday 1804. Set out early under a gentle Breeze from the 
  S# E# more timber than Common in the bottoms passed a large Pond on the S# 
  S# I walked out on the high land L# Side and observed great numbers of 
  Buffalows, I counted in view at one time 52 gangues of Buffalow & 3 of 
  Elk, besides Deer & goats &c# all the Streems falling from the 
  hills or high lands So brackish that the water Can't be Drank without 
  effecting the person making use of it as Globesalts, I saw in my walk 
  Several remarkable high Conocal hills, one 90 feet, one 60 and others 
  Smaller ¬ the Indian Chief Say that the Callemet Bird live in the hollows of 
  those hills, which holes are made by the water passing from the top & 
  &#. I also Saw an old Village fortified Situated on the top of a high 
  Point, which the Ricarra Chief tels me were Mandans, we Camped on the L# 
  S# I Killed a Deer & Saw Swans &c# our hunters Killed 4 Elk and 6 
  Deer to Day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0359-1804-10-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th October Friday 1804 a fine morning wind from the S# E# we Set out 
  early under a gentle Breeze and proceeded on verry well, more timber than 
  Common on the banks on this part of the river ¬ passed a large Pond on 
  the S# S# ¬ I walked out on the Hills & observed Great numbers of 
  Buffalow feedeing on both Sides of the river I counted 52 Gangues of 
  Buffalow & 3 of Elk at one view, all the runs which come from the high 
  hills which is Generally about one or 2 miles from the water is brackish 
  and near the Hills (the Salts are) and the Sides of the Hills & edges 
  of the Streems, the mineral salts appear I saw Som remarkable round hills 
  forming a Cone at top one about 90 foot one 60 & Several others 
  Smaller, the Indian Chief Say that the Callemet bird live in the holes of 
  those hills, the holes form by the water washing thro Some parts in its 
  passage Down from the top ¬ near one of those noles, on a point of a 
  hill 90 feet above the lower plane I observed the remains of an old 
  village, which had been fortified, the Indian Chief with us tels me, a 
  party of Mandins lived there, Here first saw ruins of Mandan nation we 
  proceeded on & Camped on the L# S# opposit the upper of those Conocal 
  hills our hunters killed 4 Elk 6 Deer & a pelican, I saw Swans in a 
  Pond & Killed a fat Deer in my walk, Saw above 10 wolves. This day is 
  pleasent 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0360-1804-10-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th of October 1804 wind from the S E, I walked out to view those 
  remarkable places pointed out by Evens, and continud all day Saw an old 
  Village of the Mandans below the Chess chi ter R# appear to have been 
  fortified above the village on the Same L# S# is a coal bank where we 
  Campd# passed a Small Creek on the S# S# and an Island on the L# S Covered 
  with willows Small Cotton the Countrey thro which I passed this day is 
  Delightfull, Timber in the bottoms, Saw great nos# of Buffalow Elk Goats 
  & Deer as we were in want of them I Killed 3 Deer, our hunters 10 Deer 
  and wounded a white Bear, I Saw Several fresh tracks of that animal double 
  the Sise of the largest track I ever Saw, great numbers of wolves, those 
  animals follow the buffalow and devour, those that die or are Killed, and 
  those too fat or pore to Keep up with the gangue 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0361-1804-10-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th of October Satterday 1804 Set out early this morning and proceeded on 
  the wind from the S# E after brackfast I walked out on the L# Side to See 
  those remarkable places pointed out by Evins, I saw an old remains of a 
  villige on the Side of a hill which the Chief with us Too ne tels me that 
  nation lived in a number villages on each Side of the river and the 
  Troubleson Seauex caused them to move about 40 miles higher up where they 
  remained a fiew years & moved to the place they now live, (2) passed a 
  Small Creek on the S# S# (3) and one on the L# S# passed (4) a Island 
  Covered with willows laying in the middle of the river no current on the 
  L# S# Camped on the L# S# above a Bluff containing Coal (5) of an inferior 
  quallity, this bank is imedeately above the old village of the Mandans ¬  
  The Countrey is fine, the high hills at a Distanc with gradual assents, I 
  Kild 3 Deer The Timber Confined to the bottoms as usial which is much 
  larger than below. Great numbers of Buffalow Elk & Deer, Goats. our 
  hunters killed 10 Deer & a Goat to day and wounded a white Bear I saw 
  Several fresh track of those animals which is 3 times as large as a mans 
  track, The wind hard all Day from the N# E# & East, great numbers of 
  buffalow Swiming the river 
  = 
  I observe near all large gangues of buffalow wolves and when the buffalow 
  move those Anamals follow and feed on those that are killed by accident or 
  those that are too pore or fat to Keep up with the gangue. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0362-1804-10-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  October 20, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  20th October Peter Crusat this day shot at a white bear he wounded him, 
  but being alarmed at the formidable appearance of the bear he left his 
  tomahalk and gun; but shortly after returned and found that the bear had 
  taken the oposite rout. soon after he shot a buffaloe cow broke her 
  thy, the cow pursued him he concealed himself in a small raviene. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0363-1804-10-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21t of October Sunday 1804 a verry Cold night wind hard from the N# E# 
  Some rain in the night which feesed as it fell, at Day began to Snow and 
  Continued all the fore part of the day, at 1/4 of a mile passed the Mouth 
  of Chess~che tar (or Heart) River L# S# 38 yards wide, this river heads 
  near Turtle mountain with Knife River on this River is a Smothe Stone 
  which the Indians have great fath in & Consult the Stone on all great 
  occasions which they Say Marks or Simblems are left on the Stone of what 
  is to take place &c# an old mandan Village above the mouth of this 
  Little River, I saw a Single tree in the open Plains which the Mandans 
  formerly paid great Devotion to run Cords thro their flesh & tie 
  themselves to the tree to make them brave, passed an old Village on a 
  Small run on the S S# one on the bank L# and Camped, I Killed a fat 
  Buffalow this evening ¬ Little gun all my hunting 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0364-1804-10-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st October Sunday 1804 a verry Cold night wind hard from the N# E Some 
  rain in the night which frosed up it fell at Day light it began to Snow 
  and Continud all the fore part of the Day passed just above our Camp (1) a 
  Small river on the L# S# Called by the Indians Chiss~Cho~tar this river is 
  about 38 yards wide Containing a good Deel of water Some Distance up this 
  River is Situated a Stone which the Indians have great fath in & Say 
  they See painted on the Stone, "all the Calemites & good fortune to 
  hapin the nation & partes who visit it" ¬ a tree (an oak) which 
  Stands alone near this place about 2 miles off in the open prarie which 
  has with Stood the fire they pay Great respect to, make Holes and tie 
  Strings thro the Skins of their necks and around this tree to make them 
  brave (all this is the information of Too ne is a whipper will) the Chief 
  of the Ricares who accompanied us to the Mandins, at 2 miles (2) passed 
  the 2nd Villages of the Manden, which was in existance at the Same time 
  with the 1st this village is at the foot of a hill on the S# S# on a 
  butifull &extensive plain ¬ at this time Covered with Buffalow ¬ a 
  Cloudy afternoon, I killed a fine Buffalow, we Camped on the L# S# verry 
  Cold ground Covered with Snow. one orter KIM# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0365-1804-10-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of October 1804 last night at about 1 oClock I was violently attacked 
  with Rhumetism in my neck, which was so violently I could not move, Cap L# 
  applied a hot Stone raped in flannel which gave temperry ease, we passed a 
  War party of Tetons on their way as we Supposed to the Mandans of 12 men 
  on the L# S# we gave them nothing and refused to put them across the 
  river, passed 2 old Villages at the mouth of a large Creek L# S and a 
  Small Island at the head of which is a bad place, an old Village on the S# 
  S# and the upper of the 6 Villages the Mandans occupied about 25 years ago 
  this village was entirely cut off by the Sioux & one of the others 
  nearly, the Small Pox distroyed great Numbers 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0366-1804-10-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd October Monday 1804 last night at 1 oClock I was violently and 
  Suddinly attacked with the Rhumitism in the neck which was So violent I 
  could not move Capt# applied a hot Stone raped in flannel, which gave me 
  some temporry ease. we Set out early, the morning Cold at 7 oClock we 
  Came too at a Camp of Teton Seaux on the L# S# those people 12 in number 
  were naikd and had the appearanc of war, we have every reason to believ 
  that they are going or have been to Steel horses from the Mandins, they 
  tell two Stories, we gave them nothing after takeing brackfast proceeded 
  on ¬ my Neck is yet verry painfull at times Spasms. 
  = 
  Camped on the L Side, passed an Island Situated on the L# Side at the head 
  of which & Mandans village S# S# we passd a bad place ¬ The 
  hunters killed a buffalow bull, they Say out of about 300 buffalow which 
  they Saw, they did not See one Cow. Great Deel of Beaver Sign. Several 
  Cought every night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0367-1804-10-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd of October 1804 Some Snow, passed 5 Lodges fortified the place the 
  two french men were robed Those are the hunting Camps of the mandans, who 
  has latterly left them. we camped on the L# S# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0368-1804-10-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd of October Tuesday 1804 a cloudy morning Some Snow Set out early pass 
  five Lodges which was Diserted, the fires yet burning we Suppose those 
  were the Indians who robed the 2 french Trappers a fiew days ago those 2 
  men are now with us going up with a view to get their property from the 
  Indians thro us. cold & Cloudy camped on The L# S# of the river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0369-1804-10-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th of October Cloudy Some little Snow (my Rhumetism Continue, not So bad 
  as the 2 last days,) a butufull Countrey on both Sides, bottoms covered 
  with wood, we See no game to day, passed an old village of a Band of Me ne 
  tarres Called Mah har ha where they lived 40 year ago on the L# S# Came 
  too on an Island Caused by the river cutting through a narrow point 7 
  years ago, on this Island we wer visited by the grand Chief of the mandans 
  a 2d Chief and Some other, who wer Camped on the Island, those Chief met 
  our Ricarra Chief with great Corduallity, & Smoked together Cap Lewis 
  Visited the Camps 5 Lodges, and proceeded on & Camped near a 2d Camp 
  of Mandans on the S# S# nearly opposit the old Ricara & Manden Village 
  which the Ricarras abandaned in the year 1789 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0370-1804-10-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 24, 1804 
@section 3 {tx}
24th October Wednesday 1804 
Set out early a Cloudy day Some little Snow in the morning I am 
Something better of the Rhumutim in my neck ¬ a butifull Countrey on 
both Sides of the river. The bottoms Covd# with wood, we have Seen no 
game on the river to day a prof of the Indians hunting in the 
neighbourhod (1) passed a Island on the S# S# made by the river Cutting 
through a point, by which the river is Shortened Several miles ¬ on this 
Isld# we Saw one of the Grand Chiefs of the Mandins, with five Lodges 
hunting, this Cheif met the Chief of the Ricares who accompanied us 
with great Cordiallity & Sermony Smoked the pipe & Capt# Lewis with the 
Interpeter went with the Chiefs to his Lodges at 1 mile distant, after 
his return we admited the Grand Chief & his brother for a few minits on 
our boat. proceeded on a Short distance and Camped on the S# S# below 
the old Village of the Mandins & ricares. Soon after our landg# 4 
Mandins Came from a Camp above, the Ricares Chief went with them to 
their Camp, 
25th of October Thursday 1804. 
 a Gentle Breeze from the S# E by E passed an (1) old Village on a high 
Plain where the Mandans onced lived & after they left the Village & 
moved higher the Ricaras took possession & live until 1799 when they 
abandoned it & flew from the just revenge of the Mandans, a verry 
extensive Bottom above the Village above the Center of which (2) the 
Mandans lived in the 2 villages on the L# S#, but little timber ¬  
Several parties of Indians on each Side of the River going up. in view 
in every directions ¬ we are informed that the Sioux has latterly taken 
horses from the Big Bellies or Minitaries and on their way homerwards 
they fell in with the Assinniboins who killed them and took the horses 
& a frenchman Menard who resided with the Mandan for 20 years past was 
Killed a fiew days ago on his way from the Britishment astablishments 
on the Assineboin River, 150 miles N# of this place to the mandans by 
the assinniboin Indians ¬ we were frequently Called to by parties of 
Indians & requested to land & talk, passed a verry bad place & Camped 
on a Point S S# opposit a high hill Several Indians visit us this 
evening the Sun of the late great Chief of the Mandans who had 2 of his 
fingers off and appeared to be pearced in maney places on inquiring the 
reason, was informed that it was a testimony to their grief for 
Deceased freinds, they frequently Cut off Sevral fingers & pierced 
themselves in Different parts, a Mark of Savage effection, wind hard 
from the S# W# verry Cold R Fields with a Rhumitisum in his Neck one 
man R# in his hips my Self much better, Those Indians appear to have 
Similar Customs with the Ricaras, their Dress the Same more mild in 
their language & justures &c# &c# 
@section 3 {tx}
   = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0371-1804-10-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of October Thursday 1804 a Cold morning Set out early under a gentle 
  Breeze from the S# E# by E proceeded on, passed (1) the 3rd old Village of 
  the Mandans which has been Desd# for many years, This village was Situated 
  on an eminance of about 40 foot above the water on the L# S# back for 
  Several miles is a butifull plain (2) at a Short distance above this old 
  village on a Continuation of the Same eminance was Situated the which have 
  been avacuated only Six years, above this village a large and extensive 
  bottom for Several miles in which the Squars raised ther Corn, but little 
  timber near the villages, on the S# S# below is a point of excellent 
  timber, and in the point Several miles above is fine timber, Several 
  parties of Mandins rode to the river on the S# S# to view us indeed they 
  are continuelly in Sight Satisying their Curiossities as to our apperance 
  &c# we are told that the Seaux has latterly fallen in with & Stole 
  the horses of the Big belley, on their way home they fell in with the 
  Ossiniboin who killed them and took the horses ¬ a frenchman has 
  latterly been killed by the Indians on the Track to the tradeing 
  establishment on the Ossinebine R# in the North of this place (or British 
  fort) This frenchman has lived many years with the Mandins ¬ we were 
  frequently called on to land & talk to parties of the Mandins on the 
  Shore, wind Shifted to the S# W at about 11 oClock and blew hard untill 3 
  OCk# clouded up river full of Sand bars & we are at a great loss to 
  find the Channel of the river, frequently run on the Sand bars which 
  Detain us much passed a verry bad riffle of rocks in the evining by 
  takeing the L# S# of a Sand bar and Camped on a Sand point on the S# S# 
  opposit a high hill on the L# S# Several Indians Come to See us this 
  evening, amongst others the Sun of the late great Cheif of the Mandins, 
  this man has his two little fingers off; on inqureing the Cause, was told 
  it was Customary for this nation to Show their greaf by Some testimony of 
  pain, and that it was not uncommon for them to take off 2 Smaller fingers 
  of the hand and Some times more with ther marks of Savage effection 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The wind blew verry hard this evening from the S# W# verry Cold 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  R# Fields with the rhumitim in his neck, P# Crusat with the Same Complaint 
  in his Legs ¬ the party other wise is well, as to my Self I feel but 
  Slight Simptoms of that disorder at this time, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0372-1804-10-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of October 1804 wind from the S# E we Set the Ricara Chief on Shore 
  with Some Mandans, many on each Side veiwing of us, we took in 2 Chiefs 
  (Coal and Big Man) and halted a feiw minits at their Camps, on the L# S# 
  fortified in their way, here we Saw a trader from the Ossinniboin River 
  Called McCracken, this man arrived 9 day ago with goods to trade for 
  horses & Roabs one other man with him ¬ we Camped on the L# Side a 
  Short distanc below the r st rnandan village on the L# S# many men women 
  & Children flocked down to See us ¬ Capt Lewis walked to the 
  Village with the Chief and interpeters, my Rheumitism increasing prevented 
  me from going also, and we had Deturmined that both would not leave the 
  boat at the Same time untill we Knew the Desposition of the Nativs, Some 
  Chieef visited me & I Smoked with them ¬ they appeared delighted 
  with the Steel Mill which we were obliged to use, also with my black 
  Servent, Capt Lewis returned late 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0373-1804-10-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of October Friday 1804 Set out early wind from the S W proceeded on 
  Saw numbers of the Mandins on Shore, we Set the Ricare Chief on Shore, and 
  we proceeded on to the Camp of two of their Grand Chiefs where we delayed 
  a fiew minits, with the Chiefs and proceeded on takeing two of their 
  Chiefs on board & Some of the heavy articles of his house hole, Such 
  as earthen pots & Corn, proceeded on, at this Camp Saw a McCracken 
  Englishmon from the N# W Company this mana Came nine Days ago to trade for 
  horses & Buffalo robes, ¬ one other man Came with him. the Indians 
  Continued on the banks all day ¬ but little wood on this part of the 
  river, many Sand bars and bad places, water much devided between them 
  = 
  for the 26th# Octr# we came too and Camped on the L# S# about 1/2 a mile 
  below the 1st# Manddin Town on the L# S# Soon after our arrival many men 
  womin & Children flocked down to See us, Capt Lewis walked to the 
  village with the principal Chiefs and our interpters, my rhumatic 
  Complaint increasing I could not go ¬ if I was well only one would 
  have left the Boat & party untill we new the Disposition of the Inds# 
  I Smoked with the Cheifs who Came after. Those people apd much pleased 
  with the Corn mill which we were obliged to use, & was fixed in the 
  boat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0374-1804-10-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of October Satturday 1804 we Set out early and Came too at the 
  village on the L# S# where we delayed a few minits, I walked to a Chiefs 
  Logg & Smoked with them, but Could not eat, which did displease them a 
  little, here I met with a Mr# Jessomme, who lived in this nation 13 years, 
  I got him to interpet & he proceedd on with us we proceeded on to a 
  Centeral point opposit the Knife River, & formed a Camp on the S# S# 
  above the 2d Mandan village & opsd# the Mah~har~ha village ¬ and 
  raised a flag Staff ¬ Capt Lewis & the Intepeters walked down to 
  the 2d Village of Mandans, & returned in about an hour, we Sent 3 
  Carrotes of tobacco to the other villages & enviting them to come down 
  and Council with us tomorrow, ¬ we endeaver to precure Some Knowledge 
  of the principal Chiefs of the Different nations &#. well to give 
  my ideas as to the impression thais man makes on me is a Cunin artfull an 
  insoncear ¬ he tels me he was once empld# by my brother in the 
  Illinois & of his description I conceve as a Spye upon the British of 
  Michillinicknac & St Joseph,s we think he may be made use full to us 
  & do employ him as an interpeter ¬ no# of Indians bring their 
  wives &c# to the campes of our party on Shore &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0375-1804-10-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of October Satturday 1804 we Set out arly Came too at this Village on 
  the L# S# this village is Situated on an eminance of about 50 feet above 
  the Water in a handson Plain it Containes houses in a kind of Picket work. 
  the houses are round and Verry large Containing Several families, as also 
  their horses which is tied on one Side of the enterance, a Discription of 
  those houses will be given hereafter, I walked up & Smoked a pipe with 
  the Cheifs of this Village they were anxious that I would Stay and eat 
  with them, my indisposition provented my eating which displeased them, 
  untill a full explination took place, I returned to the boat and Sent 2 
  Carrots of Tobacco for them to Smoke, and proceeded on, passed the 2d 
  Village and Camped opsd# the Village of the Weter Soon or ah wah bar ways 
  which is Situated on an eminance in a plain on the L# S# this Village is 
  Small and Contains but fiew inhabitents. above this village & also 
  above the Knife river on the Same Side of the Missouri the Big bellies 
  Towns are Situated a further Discription will be given here after as also 
  of the Town of Mandans on this Side of the river i e S# Side 
  = 
  a fine worm Day we met with a french man by the name of jassamme which we 
  imploy as an interpeter This man has a wife & Children in the Village ¬ Great 
  numbers on both Sides flocked down to the bank to view us as wee passed. 
  = 
  Capt# Lewis with the Interpetr# walked down to the village below our Camp 
  After delaying one hour he returned and informed me the Indians had 
  returned to their village &c#, &c#, we Sent three Carrots of 
  Tobacco by three young men, to the three Villages above inviting them to 
  come Down & Council with us tomorrow. many Indians Came to view us 
  Some Stayed all night in the Camp of our party ¬ we procured Some 
  information of Mr# Jessomme of the Chiefs of the Different Nations 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0376-1804-10-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of October 1804 the wind So hard from the S# W# We could not meet the 
  Indians in Councils, those who visited us we Sent to the nearest village, 
  Consulted the Black Cat M Chief about the Chiefs of the Different 
  Villages, who gave his Oppinion to us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0377-1804-10-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 28th of October 1804 a windey Day, fair and Clear many of the 
  Grosvantres (or Big Bellies) and Watersons Came to See us and hear the 
  Council the wind being So violently hard from the S# W# provented our 
  going into Councel, (indeed the Chiefs of the Manodans from the lower 
  Village Could not Cross, we made up the presents and entertained Several 
  of the Curious Cheifs whome, wished to See the Boat which was verry 
  Curious to them viewing it as great medison, as they also viewed my black 
  Servent The Black Cat Grand Chief of the Mandans, Capt Lewis & my Self 
  with an Interpeter walked up the river about 11/2 miles our views were to 
  examine the Situation & Timbers for a fort, we found the Situation 
  good but the Timber Scerce, or at least Small timbr Such as would answer 
  us, we Cunsulted the Grand Chief in respect to the other Chiefs of the 
  Defferent Villages he gave the names of 12 ¬ George Drewyer Cought 2 
  Beaver above our Camp last night, we had Several presents from the Woman 
  of Corn boild homney, Soft Corn &c# &c# I prosent ajar to the 
  Chiefs wife who recved it with much pleasure our men verry Chearfull this 
  evening ¬ we Sent the Cheifs of the Gross Vantres to Smoke a pipe with 
  the Grand Chef of the Mandins in his Village, & told them we would 
  Speek tomorrow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0378-1804-10-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th of October 1804 a fine morning after Brackfast we were Visited by the 
  Old Chief of the Big Bellies or me ne tar res, this Man has Given his 
  power to his Son who is now on a war party against the Snake Indians who 
  inhabit the Rockey Mountains, the S W wind verry high ¬ we met in 
  Council under an orning and our Sales Stretched round to keep out as much 
  wind as possible & Delivered a long Speach Similar to what had been 
  Said to the nations below, the old Chief was restless before the Speech 
  was half ended, observed his Camp was exposed & could wait no longer 
  &c# at the Conclusion of the Speach we mentioned the Ricaras & 
  requested them to make a peace & Smoke out of the Sacred Stem with 
  their Chief which I intreduced and gave him the pipe of peace to hand 
  around, they all Smoked with eagerness out of the pipe held by the Ricara 
  Chief Ar~ke~tar~na~Shar we mentioned our hands that were to be discharged 
  here, also the roberrey commited on th 2 french men below, & requested 
  them to answere us tomorrow, gave the Chief Small preasents and a fiew 
  presents for each village Shot the air gun which both Surprised and 
  astonished the nativs, and Soon dispersed 
  = 
  our Ricara Chief Came told me he wished to return to his nation tomorrow I 
  put him off & Said we would Send a talk by him after the Chiefs had 
  Spoken to us ¬ we gave a Steel mill to the mandans which was verry 
  pleasing to them 
  = 
  The Chief who recved Medals to Day are as follows viz ¬ in Council 
  = 
  is Mandan village Ma~too~ton kai s Chief Sha~ha~ka Big White 2nd 
  Ka~goh~ha~me little Crows 
  = 
  2 do village Roop tar~hee 
  = 
  1 s & grand Chief Poss~cop~sa~he Black Cat 
  = 
  2d Chief Car~gar~no~mok~she raven man Chief 
  = 
  Mah har~ha village 
  = 
  is Chief Ta~tuck~co pin re has, white Buffalow Skin unfolded 
  = 
  Little Menetarre village 
  = 
  is Chief Omp~Se~ha~ra Black mockerson. 2d Chief Oh~hark little Fox. 
  = 
  The Grand village of Manetarres, The One Eye is the principal Chief and he 
  is out on a hunting party. we Send by the Grape all the articles for this 
  grand Chief and all the Village what goods was intended for that Village ¬ The 
  Prarie got on fire and went with Such Violenc & Speed as to Catch a 
  man & woman & burn them to Death, Several escapd# among other a 
  Small boy who was Saved by getting under a green Buffalow Skin, this boy 
  was half white, & the Indians Say all white flesh is medisan, they Say 
  the grass was not burnt where the boy Sat &c# &#. this fire passed 
  us at 8 oClock, and lookd truly tremendious. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0379-1804-10-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th October Monday 1804 a fair fine morning after Brackfast we were 
  visited by the old Cheaf of the Big bellies or  ¿¿  this man was old and 
  had transfered his power to his Sun, who was then out at war against the 
  Snake Indians who inhabit the rockey mountains ¬ at 10 oClock the S W# 
  wind rose verry high, we Collected the Chiefs and Commened a Council 
  ounder a Orning and our Sales Stretched around to Keep out as much wind as 
  possible, we delivered a long Speech the Substance of which Similer to 
  what we had Delivered to the nations below. the old Chief of the 
  Grossanters was verry restless before the Speech was half ended observed 
  that he Could not wait long that his Camp was exposed to the hostile 
  Indians, &c# &#. he was rebuked by one of the Chiefs for his 
  uneasiness at Such a time as the present, we at the end of the Speech 
  mentioned the Ricare who Accompanied us to make a firm peace, they all 
  Smoked with him (I gave this Cheaf a Dollar of the American Coin as a 
  Meadel with which he was much pleased) In Councel we prosented him with a 
  Certificate of his Sincrrity and good Conduct &c# we also Spoke about 
  the fur which was taken from 2 french men by a Mandan, and informd of our 
  intentions of Sending back the french hands ¬ after the Council we 
  gave the presents with much Seremoney, and put the Meadels on the Cheifs 
  we intended to make viz# one for each Town to whome we gave Coats hats 
  & flags, one Grand Cheif to each nation to whome we gave meadels with 
  the presidents likeness in Councel we requested them to give us an answer 
  tomorrow or as Soon as possible to Some points which required their 
  Deliberation ¬  after the Council was over we Shot the Air gun which 
  appeared to assonish the nativs much, the greater part them retired Soon 
  after 
  = 
  The Ricare Cheaf Ar~ke~tar~na~shar Came to me this evening and tells me 
  that he wishes to return to his Village & nation, I put him off Saying 
  tomorrow we would have an answer, to our talk to the Satisfaction & 
  Send by him a String of wompom informing what had passed here. a Iron or 
  Steel Corn Mill which we gave to the Mandins, was verry Thankfully recived (rte 
  The Prarie was Set on fire (or Cought by accident) by a young man of the 
  Mandins, the fire went with Such velocity that it burnt to death a man and 
  woman, who Could not Get to any place of Safty, one man a woman & 
  Child much burnt and Several narrowly escaped the flame ¬ a boy half 
  white was Saved un hurt in the midst of the flaim, Those ignerent people 
  Say this boy was Saved by the great Spirit medisin because he was white ¬ The 
  Cause of his being Saved was a Green buffalow Skin was thrown over him by 
  his mother who perhaps had more fore Sight for the pertection of her Son, 
  and less for herself than those who escaped the flame, the Fire did not 
  burn under the Skin leaving the grass round the boy This fire passed our 
  Camp last about 8 oClock P#M# it went with great rapitidity and looked 
  Tremendious 
  = 
  The following Chiefs were made in Councel to day 
  = 
  Mar~too~ton~ha or Lower Village of the Mandans 1st Cheif Sha~ha~ka or Big 
  White 2 do Ka~goh~ha~mi or Little raven 
  = 
  Roop~tar~hee or Second Village of the Mandans 1st and Grand 
  Cheif~Pass~cop~sa~he or black Cat 2nd Cheif Car~gar~no~mok~She raven man 
  Cheaf 
  = 
  Mah~har~ha 3rd Village Chief Ta~tuck~co~pin~re~ha (white Buffalow robe 
  unfolded) 
  = 
  Me~ne~tar~re Me~te har~tar 1st Cheif~Omp~se~ha~ra. Black Mockersons 2 do. 
  Oh~harh or Little fox 
  = 
  we Sent the presents intended for the Grand Chief of the Mi~ne~tar~re or 
  Big Belley, and the presents flag and wompoms by the Old Chief and those, 
  and those intended for the Cheif of the Lower Village by a young Cheif 
  = 
  The following Cheifs were recommended in addition to those Viz# 
  = 
  1st Village Oh~hee~nar Big Man ¬ a Chien Sho~ta~har ro~ra 
  = 
  2d Village Taw nish~e~o ¬ Bel~lar sa ra Ar~rat~ta na~mock~She ¬ Wolf 
  Man Chief 
  = 
  3rd Village Min~nis~Sur~ra~ree (Neighing horse) Lo~tong~gar~ti har ¬ old 
  woman at a distance 
  = 
  4th Village Mar~noh~tah the big Steeler Man~se~rus~se ¬ tale of 
  Callumet bird 
  = 
  5th Village Ad hako ho pin nee Little Wolfs medisons Ar~rat~toe~no mook~gu 
  (man wolf Chief) (at war) Cal~tar co ta (Cherry grows on a bush) old 
  Chief and father to the above mentd# Chief Maw~pah'~pir~re~cos~sa too ¬ This 
  chief is near this hunting and a verry Considerable man 
  = 
  To the 1st Chiefs we gave a medal with the Imp# of the President of the U 
  S# To the 2d Chiefs a medal of weaveing & Domestic animals. To the 3rd 
  Chiefs a medal with the impression of a man Sowing wheat. 
  = 
  4th Village 1 Ea pa no pa ¬ Two taled Calumet bird young Chief 2 War 
  he ras sa the red Shield young Chief of Big belley ¬ big town 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0380-1804-10-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of October Tuesday 1804 many Indian Chief visit us today I went in th 
  Perogou to the Island 7 miles above to look out a proper place for to 
  winter, it being near the tim the ice begins to run at this place, and the 
  Countrey after a few leagues high is Said to be barron of timber, I found 
  no place Soutable, & we concluded to drop down to th next point below 
  & build a fort to winter in the Party Danced which Delited the 
  Indians. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0381-1804-10-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th October Tuesday 1804 Two Chiefs came to have Some talk one the 
  princapal of the lower Village the other the one who thought himself the 
  principal mane, & requested to hear Some of the Speech that was 
  Delivered yesterday they were gratified, and we put the medal on the neck 
  of the Big White to whome we had Sent Clothes yesterday & a flag, 
  those men did not return from hunting in time to join the Counell, they 
  were well pleased (2d of those is a Chien) I took 8 men in a Small perogue 
  and went up the river as far as the 1st Island about 7 miles to See if a 
  Situation Could be got on it for our Winter quarters, found the wood on 
  the Isd# as also on the pt# above So Distant from the water that, I did 
  not think that we Could get a good wintering ground there, and as all the 
  white men here informed us that wood was Sceres, as well as game above, we 
  Deturmined to drop down a fiew miles near wood and game on my return found 
  maney Inds# at our Camp, gave the party a dram, they Danced as is verry 
  Comn# in the evening which pleased the Savages much. Wind S# E 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0382-1804-10-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Mandans 
  = 
  Ka gar no mogh ge the 2d Chief of the 2d Village of Mandins Came the 30t 
  of Octr# and Spoke to us as follows. Viz 
  = 
  Will you be So good as to go to the Village the Grand Chief will Speek 
  & give Some Corn, if you will let Some men take bags it will be well. 
  I am going with, the Chief of the ricares to Smoke a pipe with that nation ¬ I 
  concluded to go down 
  = 
  Mockerson Indians 
  = 
  The principal Chief of the Wau to Soon Came and Spoke a fiew words on 
  Various Subjects not much to the purpose. we Smoked and after my Shooting 
  the air gun he departed, Those nations know nothing of reagular Councils, 
  and know not how to proceed in them, they are restless &c ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0383-1804-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  31st of October Wednesday 1804 The main Chief of the mandans Sent 2 Cheifs 
  for to envite us to Come to his Lodge, and here what he has to Say I with 
  2 interpetes walked down, and with great Cerimony was Seated on a Robe by 
  the Side of the Chief; he threw a Robe highly decoraterd over my Sholders, 
  and after Smokeing a pipe with the old men in the Circle, the Chief Spoke 
  he belived all we had told him, and that peace would be genl. which not 
  only gave himself Satisfaction but all his people; they now Could hunt 
  without fear & their women could work in the fields without looking 
  every moment for the ememey, as to the Ricaras addressing himself to the 
  Chief with me you know we do not wish war with your nation, you have 
  brought it on your Selves, that man Pointing to the 2d Chief and those 2 
  young warriers will go with you & Smoke in the pipes of peace with the 
  Ricaras ¬ I will let you see my father addressing me that we wish to 
  be at peace with all and do not make war upon any ¬ he continud to 
  Speak in this Stile (refer to notes) he delivered 2 of the Traps to me 
  which was taken from the french men, gave me 2 bushels of Corn, I answered 
  the Speech which appeared to give general Satisfactionand returned to the 
  boat, In the evening the Chief Visited us Dressed in his new Suit, &delayed 
  untill late the men Dancd untill 10 oClock which was common with them 
  wrote to the N W Copanys agent on the Ossinniboin River by a Mr# 
  McCruckin. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0384-1804-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  31st of October Wednesday 1804 a fine morning, the Chief of the Mandans 
  Sent a 2d Chief to invite us to his Lodge to recive Some Corn & here 
  what he had to Say I walked down and with great ceremoney was Seeted on a 
  roab by the Side of the Chief, he threw a handsom Roabe over me and after 
  smokeing the pipe with Several old men arround, the Chief Spoke Said he 
  believed what we had told them, and that peace would be general, which not 
  only gave him Satisfaction but all his people, they now Could hunt without 
  fear, & ther womin Could work in the fields without looking everry 
  moment for the Enemey, and put off their mockersons at night, as to the 
  Reares we will Show you that we wish peace with all, and do not make war 
  on any without Cause, that Chief pointing to the 2d and Some brave men 
  will accompy. the Ricare Chief now with you to his village & nation, 
  to Smoke with that people, when you Came up the Indians in the 
  neighbouring Villages, as well as those out hunting when they heard of you 
  had great expectations of reciving presents they those hunting imediately 
  on hearing returned to the Village and all was Disapointed, and Some 
  Dessatisfied, as to himself he was not much So but his Village was ¬ he 
  would go and See his great father &c# &c# 
  = 
  he had put before me 2 of the Steel traps which was robed from the french 
  a Short tim ago. about 12 bushels of Corn which was brought and put before 
  me by the womin of the Village after the Chief finished & Smoked in 
  great cerrimony, I answered the Speech which Satisfied them verry much and 
  returned to the boat. met the princapal Chief of the 3d Village and the 
  Little Crow both of which I invited into the Cabin and Smoked & talked 
  with for about one hour. Soon after those Chiefs left us the Grand Chief 
  of the Mandans Came Dressed in the Clothes we had given with his 2 Small 
  Suns, and requested to See the men Dance which they verry readily 
  gratified him in, ¬ the wind blew hard all the after part of the day 
  from the N E and Continud all night to blow hard from that point, in the 
  mornig it Shifed N W# Capt Lewis wrote to the N W Companys agent on the 
  Orsineboine River abt# North of this place 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0385-1804-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  black Cat or Pose~cop~sa~he 1st Chief of the Mandans & 2d Village 
  = 
   "I believe what you have told us in Council, & that peace will be 
  general, which not only givs me pleasure, but Satisfaction to all the 
  nation, they now Can hunt without fear, and our womin Can work in the 
  fields without looking every moment for the enimey ¬ " as to the Ricares we 
  will Show you that we wish piace with all, and do not make war on any with 
  out Cause, that Chief pointing to the 2d of the Village and Some young men 
  will accompany the Ricrea Chief home to his Nation to Smoke with that 
  people ¬ When the Indians of the Different Villages heard of your 
  Comeing up they all Came in from hunting to See, they expected Great 
  presents. they were disapointed, and Some dissatisfied ¬  as to my Self I am 
  not much So, but my Village are ¬ he believed the roade was open; and 
  he would go and See his great father ¬ he Delivered Up 2 Traps which 
  had been taken from the french, & gave me a roabe & about 12 
  bushels of Corn ¬ & smoked &c 
  = 
  I answered the Speech it explained, many parts which he Could not 
  understand of the Speech of yesterday. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0386-1804-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday October 31st 1804. The river being very low and the season so 
  far advanced that it frequently shuts up with ice in this climate we 
  determined to spend the Winter in this neighbourhood, accordingly Capt# 
  Clark with a party of men reconnoitred the countrey for some miles above 
  our encampment; he returned in the evening without having succeed in 
  finding an eligible situation for our purpose. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0387-1804-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1 November 1804 Visited by Several Chiefs of the lower Village who 
  requested we would call on them &c# Spoke to the Same purpote with the 
  Grand Chief. we Set out in the evening & I with the Party droped down 
  to the place we intended to winter & Cap Lewis called at the Village 3 
  miles above &# &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0388-1804-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of November Thursday 1804 the wind hard from the N W# Mr# McCrackin a 
  Trader Set out at 7 oClock to the fort on the Ossiniboin by him Send a 
  letter, (incloseing a Copy of the British Ministers protection) to the 
  principal agent of the Company ¬ at about 10 OClock the Cheifs of the 
  Lower Village Cam and after a Short time informed us they wished they 
  would us to call at their village & take Some Corn, that they would 
  make peace with the Ricares they never made war against them but after the 
  rees Killed their Chiefs they killed them like the birds, and were tired 
  and would Send a Chief and Some brave men to the Ricares to Smoke with 
  that people in the evening we Set out and fell down to the lower Village 
  where Capt# Lewis got out and continud at the Village untill after night I 
  proceeded on & landed on the S# S# at the upper point of the 1st 
  Timber on the Starboard Side after landing & Continuinge ¬ all 
  night droped down to a proper place to build Capt Lewis Came down after 
  night, and informed me he intended to return the next morning by the 
  perticular Request of the Chiefs. 
  = 
  We passed the Villages on our Decent in veiw of Great numbers of the 
  inhabitents 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0389-1804-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  The 1st of Novr. Mandins is Village the Main Chief Big White & 2 
  others i e the Big Man or Sha~ha~ca and  ¿¿  Came early to talk, and Spoke 
  as follows, after Smoking, Viz# 
  = 
  Is it Certain that the ricares intend to make good with us our wish is to 
  be at peace with all, we will Send a Chief with the pania Chief and Some 
  young men to Smoke and make good peace ¬ ? are you going to Stay abov or 
  below this Cold. answer by C# L We are going down a few miles to 
  look a place we can find no place abov proper. 
  = 
  The panias know's we do not begin the war, they allway begin, we Sent a 
  Chief and a pipe to the Pania to Smoke and they killed them, we have 
  killed enough of them we kill them like the birds, we do not wish to kill 
  more, we will, make a good peace 
  = 
  We were Sorry when we heard of your going up but now you are going down, 
  we are glad, if we eat you Shall eat, if we Starve you must Starve also, 
  our village is too far to bring the Corn to you, but we hope you will Call 
  on us as you pass to the place you intend to Stop 
  = 
  C L answered the above ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0390-1804-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday November 1st 1804 The wind blew so violently during the greater 
  part of this day that we were unable to quit our encampment; in the 
  evening it abated; we droped down about seven miles and land on N# 
  E# side of the river at a large point of Woodland. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0391-1804-11-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd Novr. 1804 Friday ¬ Capt Lewis returned to the Village & I 
  fixed on a place for to build a fort and Set to work Cap Lewis returned in 
  the eveng with 11 bushels of Corn, the Ricarre Chief Set out for his 
  Village accompanied by Several mandans 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0392-1804-11-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd November Friday 1804 This morning at Day light I went down the river 
  with 4 men to look for a proper place to winter proceeded down the river 
  three miles & found a place well Supld. with wood, & returned, 
  Capt# Lewis went to the village to here what they had to Say & I fell 
  down, and formed a camp near where a Small Camp of Indian were huntig Cut 
  down the Trees around our Camp, in the evening Capt# Lewis returned with a 
  present of 11 bushels of Corn, our recaree Chief Set out acccompanied by 
  one Chief and Several Brave men, he Called for Some Small article which we 
  had given but as I could not understand him he Could not get. the wind 
  from the S# E# a fine day ¬ many Indians to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0393-1804-11-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  November 2, 1804
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday November 2nd 1804" This morning early we fixed on the site for our 
  fortification which we immediately set about. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  This place we have named Fort Mandan in honour of our Neighbours. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0394-1804-11-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of November Satturday 1804 wind hard from the west Commence building 
  our Cabins, Dispatched 6 hunters in a perogue Down the River to hunt, 
  Discharged the french hands, Mr# Jessomme his Squar & child moved to 
  camp, the little Crow loaded his Squar with meat for us also a Roabe, we 
  gave the Squar an ax & &#. Cought 2 bever near Camp 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0395-1804-11-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of November Satterday 1804 a fine morning wind hard from the West we 
  commence building our Cabins, Send Down in Perogue 6 men to hunt Engaged 
  one man, Set the french who intend to return to build a perogue, many 
  Indians pass to hunt, Mr# Jessomme with his Squar & Children. come 
  Down to live, as Interpter, we recive a hors for our Sirvice, in the 
  evening the Ka goh ha mi or little ravin Came & brought us on his 
  Squar about 60 Wt. of Dried Buffalow meat a roabe, & Pot of Meal &#. 
  they Delayed all night ¬  we gave his Squar an ax & a fiew Small 
  articles & himself a piece of Tobacco, the Men were indulged with a 
  Dram, this evening two Beaver Cought This morning ¬ and one Trap Lost 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0396-1804-11-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th of Novr. a french man by Name Chabonah, who Speaks the Big Belley 
  language visit us, he wished to hire & informed us his 2 Squars were 
  Snake Indians, we engau him to go on with us and take one of his wives to 
  interpet the Snake language The Indians Horses & Dogs live in the Same 
  Lodge with themselves 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0397-1804-11-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th November Sunday 1804 Fort Mandan a fine morning we Continued to Cut 
  Down trees and raise our houses, a Mr# Chaubonee, interpeter for the Gross 
  Vintre nation Came to See us, and informed that he came Down with Several 
  Indians from a Hunting expedition up the river, to here what we had told 
  the Indians in Councl this man wished to hire as an interpeter, the wind 
  rose this evining from the East & Clouded up ¬ Great numbers of 
  Indians pass hunting and Some on the return ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0398-1804-11-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th November Monday 1804 I rose verry early and commenced raising the 2 
  range of Huts the timber large and heavy all to Carry on Hand Sticks, 
  Cotton wood & Elm Som ash Small, our Situation Sandy, great numbers of 
  Indians pass to and from hunting a Camp of Mandans, A fiew miles below us 
  Cought within two days 100 Goat, by Driveing them in a Strong pen, 
  derected by a Bush fence widening from the pen &c# &#. the Greater 
  part of this day Cloudy, wind moderate from the N# W# I have the Rhumitism 
  verry bad, Cap Lewis writeing all Day ¬ we are told by our interpeter 
  that 4 Ossiniboin Indians, have arrived at the Camps of the Gross Venters 
  & 50 Lodges are Comeing 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0399-1804-11-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th of Nov. Mr# Gravolin our Ricara Interpreter & 2 of our french 
  hands & 2 boys Set out in a Canoe for the Ricaras Mr# ravellin is to 
  accompany the Ricaras Chiefs to the City of Washington in the Spring, 
  Great numbers of Geese pass to the South which is a certain approach of 
  ice 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0400-1804-11-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  6th November Tuesday 1804 Fort Mandan last night late we wer awoke by the 
  Sergeant of the Guard to See a nothern light, which was light, not red, 
  and appeared to Darken and Some times nearly obscered, and open, many 
  times appeared in light Streeks, and at other times a great Space light 
  & containing floating Collomns which appeared opposite each other 
  & retreat leaveing the lighter Space at no time of the Same appearence 
  = 
  This morning I rose a Day light the Clouds to the North appeared black at 
  8 oClock the wind begun to blow hard from the N W# and Cold, and Continud 
  all Day Mr# Jo Gravilin our ricare interpeter Paul premor, Lajuness & 
  2 french Boys, who Came with us, Set out in a Small perogue, on their 
  return to the ricaree nation & the Illinois, Mr# Gravilin has 
  instructions to take on the recarees in the Spring &c# ¬ Continue 
  to build the huts, out of Cotton Timber, &c# this being the only 
  timber we have. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0401-1804-11-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th November Wednesday 1804 a termperate day we continued to building our 
  hut, Cloudy and fogging all day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0402-1804-11-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th Novr. Thursday 1804 a Cloudy morning Jussome our interpreter went to 
  the Village, on his return he informed us that three English men had 
  arrived from the Hudsons Bay Company, and would be here tomorrow, we 
  Contd. to build our huts, many Indians Come to See us and bring their 
  horses to Grass near us 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0403-1804-11-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th Novr. Friday 1804 a verry hard frost this morning we Continue to build 
  our Cabens, under many disadvantages, Day Cloudy wind from the N W# 
  Several Indians pass with flying news, we got a White weasel, (Taile 
  excepted which was black at the end) of an Indian Capt Lewis walked to the 
  hill abt# 3/4 of a mile ¬ we are Situated in a point of the Missouri 
  North Side in a Cotton wood Timber, this Timber is tall and heavy 
  Containing an imence quantity of water Brickle & Soft food for Horses 
  to winter (as is Said by the Indians) The Mandans Graze their horses in 
  the day on Grass, and at night give them a Stick of Cotton wood to eate, 
  Horses Dogs & people all pass the night in the Same Lodge or round 
  House, Covd# with earth with a fire in the middle 
  = 
    <h3> 
  great number of wild gees pass to the South, flew verry high 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0404-1804-11-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th November Satturday 1804 rose early continued to build our fort 
  numbers of Indians Came to See us a Chief Half Partia & brought a Side 
  of a Buffalow, in return We Gave Some fiew small things to himself & 
  wife & Son, he Crossed the river in the Buffalow Skin Canoo & and, 
  the Squar took the Boat and proceeded on to the Town 3 miles the Day raw 
  and Cold wind from the N W, the Gees Continue to pass in gangues as also 
  brant to the South, Some Ducks also pass 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0405-1804-11-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th November Sunday 1804 Fort Mandan a Cold Day Continued at work at the 
  Fort Two men Cut themselves with an ax, The large Ducks pass to the South 
  an Indian gave me Several roles of parched meal two Squars of the Rock 
  Mountain, purchased from the Indians by a frenchmen Came down The Mandans 
  out hunting the Buffalow 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0406-1804-11-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th November Monday 1804 a verry Cold night early this morning the Big 
  White princapal Chief of the lower Village of the Mandans Came Down, he 
  packd about 100 W# of fine meet on his Squar for us, we made Some Small 
  presents to the Squar, & Child gave a Small ax which She was much 
  pleased ¬ 3 men Sick with the  ¿¿  Several, Wind Changeable verry cold 
  evening, freesing all day Some ice on the edges of the river. 
  = 
  Swans passing to the South, the Hunters we Sent down the river to hunt has 
  not returned 
  = 
  The interpeter Says that the Mandan nation as they old men Say Came out of 
  a Small lake where they had Gardins, maney years ago they lived in Several 
  Villages on the Missourie low down, the Smallpox destroyed the greater 
  part of the nation and reduced them to one large Village and Some Small 
  ones, all nations before this maladey was affrd. of them after they were 
  reduced the Sioux and other Indians waged war, and killed a great maney, 
  and they moved up the Missourie, those Indians Still continued to wage 
  war, and they moved Still higher, untill they got in the Countrey of the 
  Panias, whith this ntn. they lived in friendship maney years, inhabiting 
  the Same neighbourhood untill that people waged war, They moved up near 
  the watersoons & winataree where they now live in peace with those 
  nations, the mandans Specke a language peculial to themselves 
  = 
  they can rase about 350 men, the Winatarees about 80 and the Big bellies 
  about 600 or 650 men. the mandans and Seauex have the Same word for 
  water ¬ The Big bellies Winitarees & ravin Indians Speake nearly the 
  Same language and the presumption is they were origionally the Same nation 
  The Ravin Indians have 400 Lodges & about 1200 men, & follow the 
  Buffalow, or hunt for their Subsistance in the plains & on the Court 
  not & Rock Mountains, & are at war with the Sioux Snake Indians 
  = 
  The Big bellies & Watersoons are at war with the Snake Indians & 
  Seauex, and were at war with the Ricares untill we made peace a fiew days 
  passd# ¬ The Mandans are at War with all who make war on them, at 
  present with the Seauex only, and wish to be at peace with all nations, 
  Seldom the agressors ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0407-1804-11-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th The Ice begin to run we move into our hut, visited by the Grand Chief 
  of the Mandans, and Che chark Lagru a Chief of the Assinniboins & 7 
  men of that Nation, I Smoke with them and gave the Chief a Cord & a 
  Carrot of Tobacco ¬ this Nation rove in the Plains above this and 
  trade with the British Companes on the Ossinniboin River, they are Divided 
  into Several bands, the decendants of the Sioux & Speak nearly their 
  langguage a bad disposed Set & Can raies about moo men in the 3 bands 
  near this place, they trade with the nations of this neighbourhood for 
  horses Corn & Snow all Day Capt# L# at the village. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0408-1804-11-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th Novr. Tuesday 1804 The Ice began to run in the river 1/2 past 10 
  oClock P# M we rose early & onloaded the boat before brackfast except, 
  the Cabin, & Stored away in a Store house ¬ at 10 oClock A M the 
  Black Cat the Mandin Chief and Lagru Che Chark Chief & 7 men of note 
  visited us at Fort Mandan, I gave him a twist of Tobacco to Smoke with his 
  people & a Gold Cord with a view to Know him again, The nation 
  Consists of about 600 men, hunt in the Plains & winter and trade on 
  the Ossiniboin River, they are Decendants of the Siaux and Speake their 
  language, they Come to the nations to this quarter to trade or (make 
  preasthts) for horses the method of this Kind of Trafick by addoption 
  Shall be explained hereafter &, Snow'd all day, the Ice ran thick and 
  air Cold. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0409-1804-11-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 14th of November Wednesday 1804 a Cloudy morning, ice runing 
  verry thick river rose 1/2 Inch last night Some Snow falling, only two 
  Indians visit us to day Owing to a Dance at the Village last night in 
  Concluding a Serimoney of adoption, and interchange of property, between 
  the Ossiniboins, Christinoes and the nations of this neighbourhood ¬ we 
  Sent one man by land on hors back to know the reason of the Delay of our 
  hunters, this evening 2 french men who were traping below Came up with 20 
  beaver we are compelled to use our Pork which we doe Spearingly for fear 
  of Some falur in precureing a Sufficiency from the Woods. 
  = 
  our Interpeter informs that 70 Lodges one of 3 bands of Assinniboins & 
  Some Crestinoes, are at the Mandan Village. The Crrirstinoes are abt# 300 
  men Speak the Chipaway~Language, the live near Fort De peare 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0410-1804-11-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of November Thursday 1804 a Cloudy morning, the ice run much thicker 
  than yesterday at 10 oClock G Drewyer & the frenchman we Dispatched 
  yesterday came up from the Hunters, who is incamped about 30 miles below ¬ after 
  a about one hour we Dispatched a man with orders to the hunters to proceed 
  on without Delay thro the floating ice, we Sent by the man Tin, to put on 
  the parts of the Perogue exposed to the ice & a toe roape ¬ The 
  wind Changeable ¬ all hands work at their huts untill 1 oClock at 
  night Swans passing to the South ¬ but fiew fowls water to be Seen ¬ not 
  one Indian Came to our fort to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0411-1804-11-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  16th November Friday 1804 a verry white frost all the trees all Covered 
  with ice, Cloudy, all the men move into the huts which is not finishd 
  Several Indians Come to Camp to day, The Ossiniboins is at the Big bellie 
  Camp, Some trouble like to take place between them from the loss of horses 
  &c# as is Said by an old Indian who visited us with 4 buffalow robes 
  & Corn to trade for a pistol which we did not let him have, men 
  imployed untill late in dobing their huts, Some horses Sent down to Stay 
  in the woods near the fort, to prevent the Ossniboins Steeling them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0412-1804-11-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17 th November Satturday 1804 a fine morning, last night was Cold, the ice 
  thicker than yesterday, Several Indians visit us, one Chief Stayed all day 
  we are much engaged about our huts. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0413-1804-11-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th Novr. Sunday 1804 a Cold morning Some wind the Black Cat, Chief of 
  the Mandans Came to See us, he made Great inquiries respecting our 
  fashions. he also Stated the Situation of their nation, he mentioned that 
  a Council had been held the day before and it was thought advisable to put 
  up with the resent insults of the Ossiniboins & Christonoes untill 
  they were Convinced that what had been told thim by us, Mr# Evins had 
  deceived them & we might also, he promised to return & furnish 
  them with guns & amunitiion, we advised them to remain at peace & 
  that they might depend upon Getting Supplies through the Channel of the 
  Missouri, but it requred time to put the trade in opperation. The 
  Assiniboins &c have the trade of those nations in their power and 
  treat them badly as the Soux does the Ricarees and they cannot resent for 
  fear of loseing their trade &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0414-1804-11-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of November 1804 our hunters return with 32 Deerr, 12 Elk & a 
  Buffalow Ice ran which detained the huntes much Cap lewis visit the Me ne 
  tar rees, the 25th and returned the 27th of Nov. with 2 Chiefs &c# 
  &c# and told me that 2 Clerks & 5 men of the N W Company & 
  Several of the hudsons Bay Company had arrived with goods to trade with 
  the Indians a Mr# La Roche & Mc Kinzey are the Celerks (Distant 150 
  Miles across) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0415-1804-11-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th Novr. Monday a Cold day the ice Continue to run our Perogue of 
  Hunters arrive with 32 Deer, 12 Elk & a Buffalow, all of this meat we 
  had hung up in a Smoke house, a timeley supply ¬ Several Indians here 
  all day ¬ the wind bley hard from the N# W# by W# our men move into 
  their huts, Several little Indian aneckdts. told me to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0416-1804-11-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th November Tuesday 1804 Capt Lewis & my Self move into our huts, a 
  verry hard wind from the W# all the after part of the day a temperate day 
  Several Indians Came Down to Eat fresh meat, three Chiefs from the 2d 
  Mandan Village Stay all Day, they are verry Curious in examining our 
  works. Those Chiefs informs us that the Souix settled on the Missourie 
  above Dog River, threten to attacked them this winter, and have treated 2 
  Ricares who Carried the pipe of peace to them Verry roughly. whiped & 
  took their horses from them &c# &c# & is much displeased with 
  Ricares for makeing a peace with the Mandans &# &# through us, 
  &#. we gave them a Sattisfactory answer. &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0417-1804-11-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st Novr. Wednesday a fine Day dispatched a perogu and Collected Stone 
  for our Chimnys, Some wind from the S# W# arrange our different articles ¬ maney 
  Indians visit us to day, G D hurd his hand verry bad ¬  all the party in 
  high Spirits ¬ The river Clear of ice, & riseing a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0418-1804-11-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of November Thursday 1804 a fine morning Dispatched a perogue and 5 
  Men under the Derection of Sergeant Pryor to the 2nd Village for 100 
  bushels of Corn in ears which Mr# Jessomme, let us have did not get more 
  than 80 bushels ¬ I was allarmed about 10 oClock by the Sentinal, who 
  informed that an Indian was about to Kill his wife in the interpeters fire 
  about 60 yards below the works, I went down and Spoke to the fellow about 
  the rash act which he was like to commit and forbid any act of the kind 
  near the fort ¬  Some missunderstanding took place between this man & 
  his wife about 8 days ago, and She came to this place, & Continued 
  with the Squars of the interpeters, 2 days ago She returned to the Villg. 
  in the evening of the Same day She came to the interpeters fire 
  appearently much beat, & Stabed in 3 places ¬ We Detected that no 
  man of this party have any intercourse with this woman under the penelty 
  of Punishment ¬ he the Husband observed that one of our Serjeants 
  Slept with his wife & if he wanted her he would give her to him, We 
  derected the Serjeant Odway to give the man Some articles, at which time I 
  told the Indian that I believed not one man of the party had touched his 
  wife except the one he had given the use of her for a nite, in his own 
  bed, no man of the party Should touch his Squar, or the wife of any 
  Indian, nor did I believe they touch a woman if they knew her to be the 
  wife of another man, and advised him to take his Squar home and live 
  hapily together in future, ¬ at this time the Grand Chief of the 
  nation arrived, & lecturd him, and they both went off apparently dis 
  = 
  The grand Chief continued all day a warm Day fair afternoon ¬ many 
  Indian anickdotes one Chief & his familey Stay all night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0419-1804-11-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd, a fair warm Day, wind from the S# E# Send after Stone Several men 
  with bad Colds, one man Sheilds with the Rhumitism the river on a Stand 
  haveing rose 4 Inches in all 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0420-1804-11-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24th of November Satturday 1804 a warm Day Several men with bad Coalds we 
  continue to Cover our Huts with hewed punchens, finishd. a Cord to draw 
  our boat out on the bank, this is made 9 Straps of Elk Skin, ¬ the 
  wind from the S# E# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0421-1804-11-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of Novr. Sunday 1804 a fine day warm & pleasent Capt# Lewis 2 
  Interpeters & 6 men Set out to See the Indians in the different Towns 
  & Camps in this neighbour hood, we Continu to Cover & dob our 
  huts, two Chiefs Came to See me to day one named Wau~ke~res~sa~ra, a Big 
  belley and the first of that nation who has visited us Since we have been 
  here, I gave him a Handkerchef Paint & a Saw band, and the other Some 
  fiew articles, and paid a perticular attention which pleased them verry 
  much, the interpeters being all with Capt# Lewis I could not talk to them. 
  we Compleated our huts ¬ Several men with bad Colds, river fall 11/2 
  inch 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0422-1804-11-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of Novr. 1804 Monday Fort Mandan a little before day light the wind 
  shifted to the N# W# and blew hard and the air Keen & Cold all day, 
  Cloudy and much the appearance of Snow; but little work done to day it 
  being Cold &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0423-1804-11-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of November Tuesday 1804 a cloudy morning after a verry Cold night, 
  the River Crouded with floating ice wind from the N W# finished Dobing 
  Capt# Lewis returned from the Villages with two Chiefs Mar~noh toh & 
  Man~nes~sur ree & a Considerate man with the party who accompanied 
  him, The Menitares, (or Big bellies) were allarmed at the tales told them 
  by the Mandans Viz: that we intended to join the Seaux to Cut off them in 
  the Course of the winter, many Circumstances Combind to give force to 
  those reports i e the movements of the interpeters & their families to 
  the Fort, the strength of our work &# &#. 
  = 
  all those reports was contridicted by Capt Louis with a Conviction on the 
  minds of the Indians of the falsity of those reports ¬ the Indians in 
  all the towns & Camps treated Capt Lewis & the party with Great 
  respect except one of the principal Cheifs Mar par pa par ra pas a too or 
  (Horned Weasel) who did not Chuse to be Seen by the Capt# & left word 
  that he was not at home &#. 
  = 
  Seven Traders arrived from the fort on the Ossinaboin from the N W 
  Companey one of which Lafrances took upon himself to speak unfavourably of 
  our intentions &#. the princpal Mr# La Rock, (& Mr# McKensey) was 
  informed of the Conduct of their interpeter & the Consiquinces if they 
  did not put a Stop to unfavourable & ill founded assursions &c# 
  &#. 
  = 
  The two Chiefs much pleased with their treatments & the Cherefullness 
  of the party, who Danced to amuse them &c# &c# 
  = 
  The river fall 2 Inches verry Cold and began to Snow at 8 oClock P M and 
  Continued all night ¬ Some miss understanding with Jussomm & his 
  woman ¬ at Day the Snow Seased 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0424-1804-11-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th Novr. Wednesday 1804 a cold morning wind from the N# W river full of 
  floating ice, began to Snow at 7 oClock a m and continued all day at 8 
  oClock the Poss~cop~so~he or Black Cat Grand Chief of the Mandans Came to 
  See us, after Showing Those Chiefs many thing which was Curiossities to 
  them, and Giveing a fiew presents of Curioes Handkerchiefs arm bans & 
  paint with a twist of Tobaco they departed at 1 oClock much pleased, at 
  parting we had Some little talk on the Subject of the British Trader Mr# 
  Le rock Giveing Meadils & Flags, and told those Chiefs to impress it 
  on the minds of their nations that those Simbells were not to be recved by 
  any from them, without they wished incur the displieasure of their Great 
  American Father ¬ a verry disagreeable day ¬ no work done to day 
  river fall 1 Inch to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0425-1804-11-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th November Thursday 1804 A verry Cold windey day wind from the N# W by 
  W# Some Snow last night the Detpt of the Snow is various in the wood about 
  13 inches, The river Closed at the Village above and fell last night two 
  feet Mr# La Rock and one of his men Came to visit us we informed him what 
  we had herd of his intentions of makeing Chiefs &c# and forbid him to 
  give meadels or flags to the Indians, he Denied haveing any Such 
  intention, we agreeed that one of our interpeters Should Speak for him on 
  Conditions he did not Say any thing more than what tended to trade alone ¬ he 
  gave fair promises &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0426-1804-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30h of Nov. an Indian Chief Came and informed us that five Men of the 
  Mandans Nation was on a hunting party to the S W, distance about Eight 
  Leagues, they were Surprised one man Killed two wounded and nine horses 
  taken, Severale others men wer on hunting partes & were to have 
  returned Several days ago & had not yet returned, & that they 
  expected to be attacked by an army of Sioux I took 23 men and went to the 
  Village deturmined to Collect the warriers of the Different Villages and 
  meet the Sioux ¬ The village not expecting Such Strong aid in So Short 
  a time was a little alarmed of the formable appearance of my party The 
  principal Chiefs met me at 200 yards Distance from the Town, and envited 
  me to his Lodge. I told the Nation the Cause of Comeing &# was to 
  assist in Chastiseing the enimies of my Dutifull Children ¬ I 
  requested great Chief to repeat the Cercunstance of the Sioux attack as it 
  realy happined which he did ¬ I told them to Send runners to the other 
  villages & assemble the warriers & we Would go and Chastize the 
  Sioux for Spilling the Blood of my Dutifull Children ¬ after a 
  Conversation of a few minits amongst themselves, a Chief Said that they 
  now Saw that what we had told them was the trooth and we were ready to 
  protect them and Kill those who did not listen to our Councils (and after 
  a long Speech) he concluded Said "the Sious who Spilt our Blood is gorn 
  home ¬ The Snow is deep and it is Cold, our horses Cannot Travel thro 
  the plains in pursute ¬ If you will go and conduct us in the Spring 
  after the Snow is gorn, we will assemble all the warriers & Brave men 
  in all the villages and go with you." I answered the Speach at Some 
  length, explained to them their Situation declareing our intentions of 
  Defending them at any time dureing the time we Should Stay in ther 
  nieghbourhood, explained the Situation of the Ricaras & told them not 
  to get angrey with them untill they were Certain of their haveing violated 
  the treaty &c# &#. I crossed the River on the Ice and returned to 
  the fort 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0427-1804-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th in the morning early a Indian Came to the river opposit & 
  requsted to be brought over, that he had Some thing to Say from his nation 
  we Sent for him, and after he had Smoked ¬ he Said he thought the 
  river was frosted across here & expected to Cross on the ice 
  = 
  7 or 8 Mandans out hunting in a S# W, Derection from this place about 8 
  Leagues, after they had made their hunt and on their return was attackted 
  by a large Party of Seaux, one of the party a young Chief was Killed 2 
  wounded & 9 horses taken, the men who made their escape Say the one 
  half of the party who attacked them was Panias ¬  
  = 
  The two Panias who Came here a fiew days ago was imediately Sent home, for 
  fear of their being put to death by the party Defeated 
  = 
  Two of the attacting party was Known to be Panies. The man who was killed 
  mentioned that after he was wounded, that he had been at war & been 
  wounded, "this day I shall die like a man before my Enimies,! tell my 
  father that I died bravely, and do not greive for me ¬ " 
  = 
  4 of the Big bellies who were Camped near thos is missing, and Searching 
  for him in their Camps above ¬ no one Dare to go to the ground where 
  the battle was for fear of the Sioux being noumerous. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0428-1804-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of November Friday 1804 This morning at 8 oClock an Indian Calld from 
  the other Side and informed that he had Something of Consequence to 
  Communicate. we Sent a perogue for him & he informed us as follows. 
  Viz: "five men of the Mandan Nation out hunting in a S# W# derection about 
  Eight Leagues was Suprised by a large party of Sceoux & Panies, one 
  man was Killed and two wounded with arrows & 9 Horses taken, 4 of the 
  We ter Soon nation was missing, & they expected to be attacked by the 
  Souix &c# &#." we thought it well to Show a Disposition to ade and 
  assist them against their enimies, perticularly those who Came in 
  oppersition to our Councils, and I Deturmined to go to the town with Some 
  men, and if the Sceoux were comeing to attact the nation to Collect the 
  worriers from each Village and meet them, thos Ideas were also those of 
  Capt Lewis, I crossed the river in about an hour after the arrival of the 
  Indian express with 23 men including the interpeters and flankd the Town 
  & came up on the back part The Indians not expecting to receive Such 
  Strong aide in So Short a time was much Supprised, and a littled allarmed 
  at the formadable appearance of my party ¬ The principal Chiefs met me 
  Some Distance from the town (Say 200 yards) and invited me in to town, I 
  ord my pty into dft. lodges & I explained to the nation the cause of 
  my comeing in this formadable manner to their Town, was to asst and 
  Chastise the enimies of our Dutifull Children, ¬ I requested the Grand 
  Cheif to repeat the Circumstancies as they hapined which he did as was 
  mentioned by the Express in the morning ¬ I then informed them that if 
  they would assemble their warrers and those of the different Towns I would 
  to meet the Army of Souix & Chastise thim for takeing the blood of our 
  dutifull Children &c# after a conversation of a fiew minits anongst 
  themselves, one Chief the Big Man Cien Said they now Saw that what we hade 
  told them was the trooth, whin we expected the enimies of their Nation was 
  Comeing to attact them, or had spilt their blood were ready to protect 
  them, and Kill those who would not listen to our Good talk ¬ his 
  people had listened to what we had told them and Cearlessly went out to 
  hunt in Small parties believing themselves to be Safe from the other 
  Nations ¬ and have been killed by the Panies & Seauex. "I knew 
  Said he that the Panies were Tiers, and told the old Chief who Came with 
  you (to Confirm a piece with us) that his people were hers and bad men and 
  that we killed them like the Buffalow, when we pleased, we had made peace 
  Several times and you Nation have always Commened the war, we do not want 
  to Kill you, and will not Suffer you to Kill us or Steal our horses, we 
  will make peace with you as our two fathers have derected, and they Shall 
  See that we will not be the Ogressors, but we fear the Ricares will not be 
  at peace long ¬ My father those are the words I Spoke to the Ricare in 
  Your presents ¬ you See they have not opened their ears to your good 
  "Councils but have Spuilt our blood. two Ricarees whome we Sent home this 
  day for fear of our peoples Killing them in their greaf ¬ informed us when 
  they Came here Several days ago, that two Towns of the Ricares were 
  makeing their Mockersons, and that we had best take care of Our horses 
  & a number of Sieuex were in their Towns, and they believed not well 
  disposed towards us ¬ four of the Wetersoons are now absent they were 
  to have been back in 16 days they have been out 24 we fear they have 
  fallen. my father the Snow is deep and it is cold our horses Cannot travel 
  thro the the plains, ¬ those people who have Spilt our blood have gorn 
  back? if you will go with us in the Spring after the Snow goes off we will 
  raise the Warriers of all the Towns & nations around about us, and go 
  with you." 
  = 
  I told this nation that we Should be always willing and ready to defend 
  them from the insults of any nation who would dare to Come to doe them 
  injurey dureing the time we would remain in their neighbourhood, and 
  requstd. that they would inform us of any party who may at any time be 
  discovered by their Patroles or Scouts. 
  = 
  I was Sorry that the Snow in the Plains had fallen So Deep Sence the 
  Murder of the young Chief by the Scioux as prevented, their horses from 
  traveling I wished to meet those Scioux & all others who will not open 
  their ears, but make war on our dutifull Children, and let you See that 
  the Wariers of your great father will Chastize the enimies of his dutifull 
  Children the Mandans, wetersoons & Winitarees, who have opend. their 
  ears to his advice ¬ you Say that the Panies or Ricares were with the 
  Sciaux, Some bad men may have been with the Sciaux you know there is bad 
  men in all nations, do not get mad with the racarees untill we know if 
  those bad men are Counternoncd. by their nation, and we are Convsd. those 
  people do not intend to follow our Councils ¬ you know that the Sceaux 
  have great influence over the ricarees and perhaps have led Some of them 
  astray ¬ you know that the Ricarees, are Dependant on the Sceaux for 
  their guns, powder, & Ball, and it was policy in them to keep on as 
  good terms as possible with the Siaux untill they had Some other means of 
  getting those articles &c# &#. you know your Selves that you are 
  Compelled to put up with little insults from the Christinoes & 
  Ossinaboins (or Stone Inds#) because if you go to war with those people, 
  they will provent the traders in the north from bringing you Guns Powder 
  & Ball and by that means distress you verry much, but whin you will 
  have Certain Suppliers from your Great American father of all those 
  articls you will not Suffer any nation to insult you &c# after about 
  two hours conversation on various Subjects all of which tended towards 
  their Situation &c# I informed them I Should return to the fort, the 
  Chief Said they all thanked me verry much for the fatherly protection 
  which I Showed towards them, that the Village had been Crying all the 
  night and day for the death of the brave young man, who fell but now they 
  would wipe away their tears, and rejoice in their fathers protection ¬ and 
  Cry no more 
  = 
  I then Paraded & Crossed the river on the ice and Came down on the N# 
  Side the Snow So deep, it was verry fatigueing arrved at the fort after 
  night, gave a little Taffee, a Cold night the river rise to its former 
  hite ¬ The Chief frequently thanked me for Comeing to protect them ¬ and 
  the whole Village appeared thankfull for that measure 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0429-1804-12-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1s Decr# a young Chief arrived 
  = 
  7 Chiens Came to the Village with a pipe & the 3 Ricares who Came here 
  a fiew days ago & Sent off yesterday have returned and Say that the 
  Sieaux & ricares are Camped together 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0430-1804-12-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 1, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of December Satturday 1804 wind from the N W# all hands ingaged in 
  pitting pickets &# at 10 oClock the half brother of the man who was 
  killed Came and informd. us that after my departure last night Six Chiens 
  So Called by the french Shar ha Indians had arrived with a pipe and Said 
  that The mandans apprehended danger from the Shar has as they were at 
  peace with the Seaux; and wished to Kill them and the Ricarees (or 
  Parties) but the Cheifs informed the nation "it was our wish that they 
  Should not be hurt, and forbid being Killed &c#" we gave a little 
  Tobacco &c# & this man Departed well Satisfied with our councils 
  and advice to him in the evening a Mr# G Henderson in the imploy of the 
  hudsons bay Company Sent to trade with the Gros ventre ¬ or big bellies So 
  Called by the french traders 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0431-1804-12-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2d of Decr# 1804 Visited by Several Mandan Chiefs and 4 Chyannes Inds# who 
  Came with a pipe to the Mandans, Sent a Speech to ther Nation a flag & 
  Some tobacco, also written a Speech to the Ricaras & Sioux, informe 
  them what they might depend on if they would not open their ears, & 
  &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0432-1804-12-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 2, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of December Sunday 1804 The latter part of last night was verry warm 
  and Continued to thaw untill  ¿¿  oClock when the wind Shifted to the 
  North at 11 oClock the Chiefs of the Lower village of the Mandans with 
  maney of theire young men and 4 of the Shar~ha's who had come to Smoke 
  with the pipe of Peace with the Mandans, we explained to them our 
  intentions our views and advised them to be at peace, Gave them a flag for 
  theire nation, Some Tobacco with a Speech to Deliver to their nation on 
  theire return, also Sent by them a letter to Mrs. Tabbo & Gravoline, 
  at the Ricares Village, to interseid in proventing Hostilities, and if 
  they Could not effect those measures to Send & informe us of what was 
  going on, Stateing to the Indians the part we intend to take if the 
  Rockores & Seauex did not follow our Derections and be at peace with 
  the nations which we had addopted ¬ We made Some fiew Small presents 
  to those Shar ha's and also Some to the Mandans & at 3 oClock they all 
  Departed well pleased, haveing Seen many Curisossties, which we Showed 
  them. river rise one inch 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0433-1804-12-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 3, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd December Monday 1804. a fine morning the after part of the day Cold 
  & windey the wind from the N W# The Father of the Mandan who was 
  killed Came and made us a present of Some Dried Simnens & a little 
  pemicon, we made him Some Small preasents for which he was much pleased 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0434-1804-12-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 4, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  4th of December Tuesday 1804 a Cloudy raw Day wind from the N# W# the 
  Black Cat and two young Chiefs Visit us and as usial Stay all Day the 
  river rise one inch finish the main bastion, our interpetr. we discover to 
  be assumeing and discontent'd 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0435-1804-12-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 5, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  5th December Wednesday 1804 a Cold raw morning wind from the S# E# Some 
  Snow, two of the N W# Companey Came to See us, to let us Know they 
  intended to Set out for the establishment on the osinniboin River in two 
  Days ¬ & their party would Consist of 5 men, Several Indians also 
  visited us one brought Pumpkins or Simmins as a preasent a little Snow 
  fell in the evening at which time the wind Shifted round to N# E# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0436-1804-12-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 6, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 6th of December Thursday 1804 The wind blew violently hard 
  from the N, N W# with Some Snow the air Keen and Cold. The Thermometer at 
  8 oClock A, M, Stood at 10 dgs. above o ¬ at 9 oClock a man & his 
  Squar Came down with Some meat for the inturpeter his dress was a par 
  mockersons of Buffalow Skin Pr# Legins of Goat Skin & a Buffalow robe, 
  14 ring of Brass on his fingers, this metel the Mandans ar verry fond off ¬ Cold 
  after noon river rise 11/2 Inch to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0437-1804-12-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  at Fort mandan 7th of December 1804, we were informed by a Chief that 
  great numbers of Buffalow were on the hills near us Cap Lewis with a party 
  went out & Killed 11three in view of our fort, The weather so excesive 
  Cold & wolves plenty, we only saved 5 of them, I with a party turned 
  on the 8th out and found the Buffalow at 7 ms# distant Killed 8 & a 
  Deer, I returned with 2 Cows leaving men with remaining meat ¬ Several 
  men badly frost bit ¬ The Themormeter Stood this morning at 44 d# 
  below Breizing. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis went out 9th & Stayed all night out Killed 9 buffalowmaney 
  of the Buffalow Killed were So meager that they not fit for use Collected 
  by the ade of Some horses the best of the meat in fact all we could Save 
  from wolves & I went on a hunting party the 14 & 15 of Decr# ¬ much 
  Snow verry cold 52° below freesinge. N W# & H Bay Clerks Visit us the 
  16th also Mr Hainey, Cold Tem. 74° below freesing 
  = 
  I visit the Mandans on the 1s of January Capt Lewis the 2nd 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0438-1804-12-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 7, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of December Friday 1804 a verry Cold day wind from the N W# the Big 
  White Grand Chief of the 1s Village, Came and informed us that a large 
  Drove of Buffalow was near and his people was wating for us to join them 
  in a Chase Capt# Lewis took 15 men & went out joined the Indians, who 
  were at the time he got up, Killing the Buffalows on Horseback with arrows 
  which they done with great dexterity, his party killed 14 Buffalow, five 
  of which we got to the fort by the assistance of a horse in addition to 
  what the men Packed on their backs ¬ one Cow was killed on the ice 
  after drawing her out of a vacancey in the ice in which She had fallen, 
  and Butchered her at the fort ¬ those we did not get in was taken by 
  the indians under a Custon which is established amongst them i e. any 
  person Seeing a buffalow lying without an arrow Sticking in him, or Some 
  purticular mark takes possesion, many times (as I am told) a hunter who 
  Kills maney Buffalow in a chase only Gets a part of one, all meat which is 
  left out all night falls to the Wolves which are in great numbers, always 
  in the Buffalows ¬ the river Closed opposit the fort last night 11/2 
  inches thick The Thermometer Stood this morning at 1 d# below o ¬  three men 
  frost bit badly to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0439-1804-12-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 8, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  8th December Satturday 1804 a verry Cold morning, the Thermometer Stood at 
  12 d# below 0 which is 42 d# below the freesing point, wind from the N W I 
  with 15 men turned out Indians joined us on horseback, shot with arrows 
  rode along side of buffaloel and killed 8 buffalow & one Deer, one Cow 
  and Calf was brought in, two Cows which I killed at 7 miles Dst. I left 2 
  men to Skin & Keep off the wolves, and brought in one Cow & a 
  calf, in the evening on my return to the fort Saw great numbers of 
  Buffalow Comeing into the Bottoms on both Sides of the river This day 
  being Cold Several men returned a little frost bit; one of men with his 
  feet badly frost bit my Servents feet also frosted & his P~s a little, 
  I feel a little fatigued haveing run after the Buffalow all day in Snow 
  many Places 10 inches Deep, Generally 6 or 8, two men hurt their hips 
  verry much in Slipping down ¬ The Indians kill great numbers of 
  Buffalow to day ¬ 2 reflectings Suns to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0440-1804-12-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 9, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  9th December Sunday 1804 The Thermometer Stood this morning at 7° above 0, 
  wind from the E# Capt Lewis took 18 men & 4 horses and went out Send 
  in the meet killed yesterday and kill more, the Sun Shown to day Clear, 
  both interpeters went to the Villages to day at 12 oClock two Chiefs Came 
  loaded with meat one with a dog & Slay also loaded with meat, Capt# 
  Lewis Sent in 4 Hors's loaded with meat, he continued at the hunting Camp 
  near which they killed 9 buffalow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0441-1804-12-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 10, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  10th Monday Decr# 1804 Fort Mandan a verry Cold Day The Thermometer to day 
  at 10 & 11 Degrees below 0. Capt# Lewis returned, to day at 12 oClock 
  leaveing 6 men at the Camp to prepare the meat for to pack 4 Horse loads 
  Came in, Capt Lewis had a Cold Disagreeable night last in the Snow on a 
  Cold point with one Small Blankett the Buffaloe Crossed the river below in 
  emence herds without brakeing in. only 2 buffalow killed to day one of 
  which was too pore to Skin, The men which was frost bit is gitting better. 
  the rise 11/2 inch wind North 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0442-1804-12-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 11, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  11th December Tuesday 1804 a verry Cold morning Wind from the north The 
  Thermomettr at (4 oClock A M at 21°) Sunrise at 21° See list# below 0 
  which is 53° below the freesing point and getting colder, the Sun Shows 
  and reflects two imigies, the ice floating in the atmespear being So thick 
  that the appearance is like a fog Despurceing 
  = 
  Sent out three horses for meat & with Derections for all the hunters 
  to return to the fort as Soon as possible at 1 oClock the horses returned 
  loaded at night all the hunters returned, Several a little frosted, The 
  Black Cat Chief of the Mandans paid us a Visit to day continue Cold all 
  day river at a Stand 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0443-1804-12-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 12, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  12th December Wednesday 1804 a Clear Cold morning wind from the north the 
  Thormometer at Sun rise Stood at 38° below 0, moderated untill 6 oClock at 
  which time it began to get Colder. I line my Gloves and have a cap made of 
  the Skin of the Louservia (Lynx) (or wild Cat of the North) the fur near 3 
  inches long a Indian Of the Shoe nation Came with the half of a Cabra ko 
  ka or Antilope which he killed near the Fort, Great numbers of those 
  animnals are near our fort but the weather is So Cold that we do not think 
  it prudent to turn out to hunt in Such Cold weather, or at least untill 
  our Consts. are prepared to under go this Climate. I measure the river 
  from bank to bank on the ice and make it 500 yards 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0444-1804-12-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 13, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  13th December Thursday 1804 The last night was verry Clear & the frost 
  which fell Covered the ice old Snow & thos parts which was naked 1/6 
  of an inch, The Thermotr. Stands this morning at 20° below 0, a fine day. 
  find it imposible to make an Observation with an artifical Horsison Joseph 
  Fields kill a Cow and Calf to day one mile from the fort river falls 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0445-1804-12-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 14, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  14th December Friday 1804 a fine morning. wind from the S# E# the 
  murckerey Stood at '0' this morning I went with a party of men down the 
  river 18 miles to hunt Buffalow, Saw two Bulls too pore to kill, the Cows 
  and large gangues haveing left the River, we only killed two Deer & 
  Camped all night with Some expectation of Seeing the Buffalow in the 
  morning, a verry Cold night, Snowed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0446-1804-12-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 15, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of December 1804 Satturday a Cold Clear morning, Saw no buffalow, I 
  concluded to return to the Fort & hunt on each Side of the river on 
  our return which we did without Success ¬ the Snow fell 11/2 inches 
  deep last night. wind North ¬  on my return to the fort found Several Chiefs 
  there 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0447-1804-12-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 16, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 16th December, Sunday 1804 a clear Cold morning, the Thermtr. 
  at Sun rise Stood at 22° below 0, a verry Singaler appearance of the Moon 
  last night, as She appeared thro The frosty atmispear ¬ Mr# Henny, 
  from the Establishment on River Ossinnniboin, with a letter from, Mr 
  Charles Chaboillez one of the Cos arrived in 6 Days, Mr# C in his letters 
  expressed a great anxiety to Serve us in any thing in his power ¬  
  = 
    <h3> 
  a root Discribed by Mr# Henry for the Cure of a Mad Dog 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Mr# Le rock a Clerk, of the N W Company and Mr# George Bunch a Clerk of 
  the Hudsons bay Compy accompanied Mr# Henny from the Village 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0448-1804-12-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 17, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  17th December Monday 1804 a verry Cold morning the Thrmt. Stood a 43° 
  below 0. We found Mr# Henny a verry intelligent man from whome we obtained 
  Some Scetches of the Countrey between the Mississippi & Missouri, and 
  Some Sketches from him, which he had obtained from the Indins. to the West 
  of this place also the names and charecktors of the Sceoux &c about 8 
  oClock P M# the thermometer fell to 74° below the freesing pointe ¬ the 
  Indian Chiefs Sent word that Buffalow was in our neighbourhood, and if we 
  would join them, in the morning they would go and kill them ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0449-1804-12-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 18, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  18th December Tuesday 1804 The Themometer the Same as last night Mr# Haney 
  & La Rocke left us for the Grossventre Camp, Sent out 7 men to hunt 
  for the Buffalow They found the weather too cold & returned, Several 
  Indians Came, who had Set out with a veiw to Kill buffalow, The river rise 
  a little I imploy my Self makeing a Small map of Connection &#. Sent 
  Jessomme to the Main Chief of the mandans to know the Cause of his 
  detaining or takeing a horse of Chabonoe our big belly interpeter, which 
  we found was thro the rascallity of one Lafrance a trader from the N W# 
  Company, who told this Cheif that Chabonah owd# him a horse to go and take 
  him he done So agreeable to an indian Custom ¬ he gave up the horse 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0450-1804-12-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 19, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  19th December Wednesday 1804 The wind from S# W# the weather moderated a 
  little, I engage my self in Connecting the Countrey from information. 
  river rise a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0451-1804-12-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 20, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  20th December Thursday 1804 The wind from the N W a moderate day, the 
  Thermometr 37° above 0, which givs an oppertunity of putting up our 
  pickets next the river, nothing remarkable took place to Day river fall a 
  little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0452-1804-12-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 21, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  21st December Friday 1804 a fine Day worm and wind from the N W by W, the 
  Indian whome I stoped from Commiting murder on his wife, thro jellousy of 
  one of our interpeters, Came & brought his two wives and Showed great 
  anxiety to make up with the man with whome his joulassey Sprung ¬ a 
  womin brought a Child with an abcess on the lower part of the back, and 
  offered as much corn as She Could carry for Some medison, Capt Lewis 
  administered &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0453-1804-12-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 22, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd December Satturday 1804 a number of Squars womn & men Dressed in 
  Squars Clothes Came with Corn to Sell to the men for little things, we 
  precured two horns of the animale the french Call the rock mountain Sheep 
  those horns are not of the largest kind ¬ The mandans Indians Call 
  this Sheep Ar~Sar~ta it is about the Size of a large Deer, or Small Elk, 
  its Horns Come out and wind around the head like the horn of a Ram and the 
  teckere not unlike it much larger and thicker perticelarly that part with 
  which they but or outer part which is  ¿¿  inchs thick, the length of 
  those horns, which we have is 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0454-1804-12-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 23, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd December Sunday 1804 a fine Day great numbers of indians of all 
  discriptions Came to the fort many of them bringing Corn to trade, the 
  little Crow, loadd. his wife & Sun with corn for us, Cap# Lewis gave 
  him a few presents as also his wife, She made a Kettle of boild Simnins, 
  beens, Corn & Choke Cherris with the Stones which was paletable 
  = 
  This Dish is Considered, as a treat among those people, The Chiefs of the 
  Mandans are fond of Stayin & Sleeping in the fort 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0455-1804-12-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 24, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  24 December Monday 1804 Several Chiefs and members of men womin and 
  Children at the fort to day, Some for trade, the most as lookers on, we 
  gave a fellet of Sheep Skin (which we brought for Spunging) to 3 Chiefs 
  one to each of 2 inches wide, which they lay great value (priseing those 
  felets equal to a fine horse), a fine Day we finished the pickingen around 
  our works 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0456-1804-12-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 25, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  25th December Christmass Tuesday I was awakened before Day by a discharge 
  of 3 platoons from the Party and the french, the men merrily Disposed, I 
  give them all a little Taffia and permited 3 Cannon fired, at raising Our 
  flag, Some men went out to hunt & the Others to Danceing and Continued 
  untill 9 oClock P, M, when the frolick ended &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0457-1804-12-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 26, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  26th Decr# Wednesday 1804 a temperate day no Indians to day or yesterday. 
  A man from the N W Company Came Down from the Gross Vintres to Get one of 
  our interpeters to assist them in trade This man informed that the Party 
  of Gross Ventres who persued the Ossinboins that Stold their horses, has 
  all returned in their usial way by Small parties, the last of the party 
  bringing 8 horses which they Stole from a Camp of Asniboins which they 
  found on Mouse river ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0458-1804-12-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 27, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  27th December 1804 Thursday a little fine Snow weather something Colder 
  than yesterday Several Indians here to Day, much Surprised at the Bellos 
  & method of makeing Sundery articles of Iron wind hard from the N W# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0459-1804-12-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 28, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of December Friday 1804 blew verry hard last night, the frost fell 
  like a Shower of Snow, nothing remarkable to day, the Snow Drifting from 
  one bottom to another and from the leavel plains into the hollows &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0460-1804-12-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 29, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  29th December Satturday 1804 The frost fell last night nearly a 1/4 of an 
  inch Deep and Continud to fall untill the Sun was of Some bite, the 
  Murcurey Stood this morning at 9 d below 0 which is not considered Cold, 
  as the Changes take place gradually without long intermitions 
  = 
    <h3> 
  a number of Indians here 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0461-1804-12-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 30, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  30th December Sunday 1804 Cold the Termtr. at 20 d below 0 a number of 
  Indians here to day they are much Supprised at the Bellows one Deer Killed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0462-1804-12-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 31, 1804
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 31st of December Monday 1804 a fine Day Some wind last night 
  which mixed the Snow and Sand in the bend of the river, which has the 
  appearance of hillocks of Sand on the ice, which is also Covered with Sand 
  & Snow, the feost which falls in the night continues on the earth 
  & old Snow &c# &c# ¬ a Number of indians here every Day 
  our blckSmitth mending their axes hoes &c# &c# for which the 
  Squars bring Corn for payment 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0463-1805-01-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan on the N E bank of the Missouries 1600 miles up January the 
  1st 1805 Tuesday The Day was ushered in by the Discharge of two Cannon, we 
  Suffered 16 men with their musick to visit the 1st Village for the purpose 
  of Danceing, by as they Said the perticular request of the Chiefs of that 
  village, about 11 oClock I with an inturpeter & two men walked up to 
  the Village (my views were to alay Some little miss understanding which 
  had taken place thro jelloucy and mortificatiion as to our treatment 
  towards them) I found them much pleased at the Danceing of our men, I 
  ordered my black Servent to Dance which amused the Croud verry much, and 
  Some what astonished them, that So large a man Should be active &c# 
  &#. 
  = 
  I went into the lodges of all the men of note except two, whome I heard 
  had made Some expressions not favourable towards us, in Compareing us with 
  the trabers from the north ¬ Those Cheifs observed what they Sayed was 
  in just & lafture. just as I was about to return the 2d Chief 
  and the Black man, also a Chief returnd from a mission on which they had 
  been Sent to meet a large party 150 of Gross Ventres who were on their way 
  down from their Camps 10 Miles above to revenge on the Shoe tribe an 
  injurey which they had received by a Shoe man Steeling a Gross Venters 
  Girl, those Chiefs gave the pipe turned the party back, after Delivering 
  up the girl, which the Shoe Chief had taken and given to them for that 
  purpose. I returned in the evening, at night the party except 6 returned, 
  with 3 robes, an 13 Strings of Corn which the indians had given them, The 
  Day was worm, Themtr. 34° abov 0, Some fiew Drops of rain about Sunset, at 
  Dark it began to Snow, and Snowed the greater part of the night, (the 
  temptr for Snow is about o) The Black Cat with his family visited us to 
  day and brought a little meet 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0464-1805-01-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of January Wednesdey 1805 a Snowey morning a party of men go to Dance 
  at the 2nd Village to Dance, Capt Lewis & the interptr visit the 2d 
  Village, and return in the evening, Some Snow to Day verry Cold in the 
  evining 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0465-1805-01-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of January Thursday 1805 Soome Snow to day; 8 men go to hunt the 
  buffalow, killed a hare & wolf Several Indians visit us to day & a 
  Gross Ventre came after his wife, who had been much abused, & come 
  here for Protection. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0466-1805-01-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 4th of January Friday 1805 a worm Snowey morning, the Themtr. 
  at 28° abov 0, Cloudy, Sent out 3 men to hunt down the river, Several 
  Indians Came today the little Crow, who has proved friendly Came we gave 
  him a handkerchf & 2 files, in the evening the weather became cold and 
  windey, wind from the N W# I am verry unwell the after part of the Daye 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0467-1805-01-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  5th of January Satturday 1805 a cold day Some Snow, Several Indians visit 
  us with thier axes to get them mended, I imploy my Self drawing a 
  Connection of the Countrey from what information I have recved ¬ a 
  Buffalow Dance (or Medison) for 3 nights passed in the 1st Village, a 
  curious Custom the old men arrange themselves in a circle & after 
  Smoke a pipe, which is handed them by a young man, Dress up for the 
  purpose, the young men who have their wives back of the circle go to one 
  of the old men with a whining tone and request the old man to take his 
  wife (who presents necked except a robe) and ¬ the Girl then takes the 
  Old man (who verry often can Scercely walk) and leades him to a Convenient 
  place for the business, after which they return to the lodge, if the Old 
  man (or a white man) returns to the lodge without gratifying the man & 
  his wife, he offers her again and again; it is often the Case that after 
  the 2d time without Kissing the Husband throws a nice robe over the old 
  man & and begs him not to dispise him, & his wife (we Sent a man 
  to this Medisan last night, they gave him 4 Girls) all this is to cause 
  the buffalow to Come near So that They may kill thim 2 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0468-1805-01-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 6, 1805 
@section 3 {tx}
6th of January Sunday 1805 
 a Cold day but fiew indians to day I am ingaged as yesterday 
@section 3 {tx}
   = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0469-1805-01-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of January Monday 1805 Fort Mandan a verry Cold clear Day, the Themtr 
  Stood at 22 d below 0 wind N W#, the river fell 1 inch Several indians 
  returned from hunting, one of them the Big White Chef of the Lower Mandan 
  Village, Dined With us, and gave me a Scetch of the Countrey as far as the 
  high mountains, & on the South Side of the River Rejone, he Says that 
  the river rejone recves 6 Small rivers on the S# Side, & that the 
  Countrey is verry hilley and the greater part Covered with timber, Great 
  numbers of beaver &c# ¬ the 3 men returned from hunting, they 
  kill'd 4 Deer & 2 wolves, Saw Buffalow a long ways off, I continue to 
  Draw a connected plote from the information of Traders, Indians & my 
  own observation & idea ¬ from the best information, the Great 
  falls is about 800 miles nearly west, ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0470-1805-01-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of January Tuesday 1805 a Cold Day but fiew indians at the fort to day 
  wind from the N, W, one man at the Village 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0471-1805-01-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of January Wednesday 1805 A Cold Day Themometer at 21° below 0, Great 
  numbers of indians go to Kill Cows, the little Crow Brackft. with us, 
  Several Indians Call at the Fort nearly frosed, one man reported that he 
  had Sent his Son a Small boy to the fort about 3 oClock, & was much 
  distressed at not finding him here, the after part of this day verry Cold, 
  and wind Keen 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0472-1805-01-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  10th Of January 1805 This morning a boy of 13 years of age Came to the 
  fort with his feet frozed, haveing Stayed out all night without fire, with 
  no other Covering than a Small Robe goat skin leagens & a pr# Buffalow 
  Skin mockersons ¬ The Murcery Stood at 72° below the freesing point ¬ Several 
  others Stayed out all night not in the least hurt, This boy lost his Toes 
  only ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0473-1805-01-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of January Thursday 1805 last night was excessively Cold the murkery 
  this morning Stood at 40° below 0 which is 72° below the freesing point, 
  we had one man out last night, who returned about 8 oClock this morning 
  The Indians of the lower Villages turned out to hunt for a man & a boy 
  who had not returnd from the hunt of yesterday, and borrowd a Slay to 
  bring them in expecting to find them frosed to death about 10 oclock the 
  boy about 13 years of age Came to the fort with his feet frosed and had 
  layen out last night without fire with only a Buffalow Robe to Cover him, 
  the Dress which he wore was a pr of Cabra Legins, which is verry thin and 
  mockersons ¬ we had his feet put in Cold water and they are Comeing 
  too ¬  Soon after the arrival of the Boy, a man Came in who had also Stayed 
  out without fire, and verry thinly Clothed, this man was not the least 
  injured Customs & the habits of those people has ancered to bare more 
  Cold than I thought it possible for man to indure 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Send out 3 men to hunt Elk below about 7 miles 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0474-1805-01-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  11th January Friday 1805 verry Cold, Send out 3 men to join 3 now below 
  & hunt, 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Pose~cop se ha or Black Cat came to See us and Stay all night 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Sho sa har ro ra or Coal also Stayd all night, the inturpeter oldst wife 
  Sick, Some of our men go to See a war medison made at the village on the 
  opposit Side of the river, this is a 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0475-1805-01-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Manden 12th of January Satturday 1805 a verry Cold Day three of our 
  hunters J# & R Fields withe 2 Elk on a Slay Sent one more hunter out. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0476-1805-01-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of January Sunday (1805) a Cold Clear Day (great number of Indians 
  move Down the River to hunt) those people Kill a number of Buffalow near 
  their Villages and Save a great perpotion of the meat, their Custom of 
  makeing this article of life General leaves them more than half of their 
  time without meat Their Corn & Beans &c they Keep for the Summer, 
  and as a reserve in Case of an attack from the Soues, which they are 
  always in dread, and Sildom go far to hunt except in large parties, about 
  1/2 the Mandan nation passed this to day to hunt on the river below, they 
  will Stay out Some Days, Mr# Chabonee (our inturpeter) and one man that 
  accompanied him to Some loges of the Minatarees near the Turtle Hill 
  returned, both frosed in their faces. 
  = 
  Chaboneu informs that the Clerk of the Hudsons Bay Co. with the Me ne tar 
  res has been Speaking Some fiew expressns. unfavourable towards us, and 
  that it is Said the N W Co. intends building a fort at the Mene tar re's ¬ he 
  Saw the Grand Chief of the Big bellies who Spoke Slightly of the 
  Americans, Saying if we would give our great flag to him he would Come to 
  See us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0477-1805-01-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of January 1805 Monday This morning early a number of indians men 
  womin children Dogs &c & passed down on the ice to joine those 
  that passed yesterday, we Sent Sergt Pryor and five men with those indians 
  to hunt one of our hunters Sent out Several days arived & informs that 
  one Man (Whitehouse) is frost bit and Can't walk home ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0478-1805-01-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 15th January Tuesday 1805 between 12 & 3 oClock this 
  morning we had a total eclips of the moon, a part of the observations 
  necessary for our purpose in this eclips we got which is at 12h 57m 54s 
  Total Darkness of the moon @ 1 44 00 End of total Darkness of This moon @ 
  2 39 10 End of the eclips ¬  
  = 
  This morning not So Cold as yesterday wind from the S# E# wind choped 
  around to the N W# Still temperate four Considerate men of the Minetarre 
  Came to See us we Smoked in the pipe, maney mands. present also, we Showed 
  to those men who had been impressed with an unfavourable oppinion of us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0479-1805-01-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  16th January Wednesday 1805 about thirty Mandans Came to the fort to day, 
  6 Chiefs. Those Me ne to rees told them they were liars, had told them if 
  they came to the fort the whites men would kill them, they had been with 
  them all night, Smoked in the pipe and have been treated well and the 
  whites had danced for them, observing the Mandans were bad and ought to 
  hide themselves ¬  one of the 1st War Chiefs of the big belles nation Came 
  to See us to day with one man and his Squar to wate on him we Shot the Air 
  gun, and gave two Shots with the Cannon which pleased them verry much, the 
  little Crow 2d Chf of the lower village came & brought us Corn &#. 
  4 men of ours who had been hunting returned one frost'd 
  = 
  This war Chief gave us a Chart in his way of the Missourie, he informed us 
  of his intentions of going to war in the Spring against the Snake Indians 
  we advised him to look back at the number of nations who had been 
  distroyed by war, and reflect upon what he was about to do, observing if 
  he wished the hapiness of his nation, he would be at peace with all, by 
  that by being at peace and haveing plenty of goods amongst them & a 
  free intercourse with those defenceless nations, they would get on easy 
  terms a great Number of horses, and that nation would increas, if he went 
  to war against those Defenceless people, he would displease his great 
  father, and he would not receive that pertection & Care from him as 
  other nations who listened to his word ¬ This Chief who is a young man 
  26 yr. old replied that if his going to war against the Snake indians 
  would be displeasing to us he would not go, he had horses enough. 
  = 
  we observed that what we had Said was the words of his Great father, and 
  what we had Spoken to all the nations which we Saw on our passage up, they 
  all promis to open their ears and we do not know as yet if any of them has 
  Shut them (we are doubtfull of the Souxs) if they do not attend to what we 
  have told them their great father will open their ears ¬ This Cheif 
  Said that he would advise all his nation to Stay at home untill we Saw the 
  Snake Indians & Knew if they would be friendly, he himself would 
  attend to what we had told him 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0480-1805-01-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  17th January Thursday 1805 a verry windey morning hard from the North 
  Thermometer at 0, Several Indians here to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0481-1805-01-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  18th January Friday 1805 a fine worm morning, Mr# La Rock & McKinzey 
  Came down to See us with them Several of the Grosse Venrees. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0482-1805-01-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  19th January Satturday 1805. a find Day Messrs# Larock & McKinzey 
  returned home, Sent three horses down to our hunting Camp for the meet 
  they had killed, Jussoms Squar, left him and went to the Village 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0483-1805-01-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  20th a Cold fair day Several Indians at the fort to day a miss 
  understanding took place between the two inturpeters on account of their 
  Squars, one of the Squars of Shabownes Squars being Sick, I ordered my 
  Servent to, give her Some froot Stewed and tee at dift Tims which was the 
  Cause of the misundstd 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0484-1805-01-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 21st Monday January 1805 a number of Indians hereto day a fine 
  day nothing remarkable one ban verry bad with the pox 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0485-1805-01-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd January 1805 Tuesday a find warm Day attempted to Cut the Boat & 
  the perogues out of the Ice, found water at about 8 inches under the 1st 
  Ice, the next thickness about 3 feet 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0486-1805-01-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd January 1805 Wednesday a Cold Day Snow fell 4 Inches deep, the 
  occurrences of this day is as is common 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0487-1805-01-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  24th January Thursday 1805 a fine day, our inturpeters appear to 
  understand each others better than a fiew days past Sent out Several 
  hunters, they returned without killing any thing, Cut Coal wood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0488-1805-01-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of January 1805 Friday we are informed of the arrival of a Band of 
  Asniboins at the Villages with the Grand Cheif of those Tribes call the 
  (Fee de petite veau) to trade, one of our interpeter & one man Set out 
  to the Big Belley Camp opposit the Island men employ'd in Cutting the Boat 
  out of the ice, and Collecting Coal wood. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0489-1805-01-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of January Satturday 1805 a verry fine warm Day Several Indians Dine 
  with us and are much Pleased ¬ one man taken violently Bad with the 
  Plurisee, Bleed & apply those remedeis Common to that disorder. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0490-1805-01-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 26th 1805 Observed Meridian Altitude of sun's U# L# with 
  sextant and artificl. Horzn. of water 48° 50 Latitude deduced from this 
  observatn. N# 47 21 47 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0491-1805-01-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of January Sunday 1804 a fine day, attempt to Cut our Boat and Canoos 
  out of the Ice, a deficuelt Task I fear as we find waters between the Ice, 
  I Bleed the man with the Plurisy to day & Swet him, Capt Lewis took of 
  the Toes of one foot of the Boy who got frost bit Some time ago, Shabonoe 
  our interpeter returned, & informed that the Assiniboins had returned 
  to their Camps, & brough 3 horses of Mr# Laroches to Stay here for 
  fear of their being Stolen by the Assiniboins who are great rogues ¬ Cut 
  off the boy toes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0492-1805-01-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th January Monday 1805 attempt to cut through the ice &c get our 
  Boat and Canoo out without Suckcess, Several Indians here wishing to get 
  war hatchets made this shape the man Sick yesterday is getting well Mr# 
  Jessome our interpeter was taken verry unwell this evening warm day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0493-1805-01-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  29th January Tuesday 1805 Gave Jassome a Dost of Salts we Send & 
  Collect Stones and put them on a large log heap to heet them with a View 
  of warming water in the Boat and by that means, Sepperate her from the 
  Ices, our attempt appears to be defeated by the Stones all breaking & 
  flying to peaces in the fire, a fine warm Day, we are now burning a large 
  Coal pit, to mend the indians hatchets, & make them war axes, the only 
  means by which we precure Corn from them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0494-1805-01-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  30th January Wednesday 1805 a fine morning, Clouded up at 9 oClock, Mr# La 
  Rocke paid us a Visit, & we gave him an answer respecting the request 
  he made when last here of accompanying us on our journey &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0495-1805-01-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  31st January Thursday, 1805 Snowed last night, wind high from the N W# 
  Sawed off the boys toes Sent 5 men down the river to hunt with 2 horses, 
  our interpeter Something better, George Drewyer taken with the Ploursey 
  last evening Bled & gave him Some Sage tea, this morning he is much 
  better ¬ Cold disagreeable 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0496-1805-02-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  1st of February Friday 1805 a cold windey Day our hunters returnd. haveing 
  killed only one Deer, a war Chief of the Me ne tar ras Came with Some Corn 
  requested to have a War hatchet made, & requested to be allowed to go 
  to war against the Souis & Ricarres who had Killed a mandan Some time 
  past ¬ we refused, and gave reassons, which he verry readily assented 
  to, and promised to open his ears to all we Said this man is young and 
  named (Seeing Snake Mar~book, She~ah~O~ke~ah) this mans woman Set out 
  & he prosued her, in the evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0497-1805-02-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of February Satturday 1805 a find Day one Deer Killed our interpeter 
  Still unwell, one of the wives of the Big belley interptr taken Sick ¬ Mr# 
  Larocke leave us to day (this man is a Clerk to the N W Company, & 
  verry anxious to accompany us) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0498-1805-02-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  3rd of February Sunday 1805. a fine day; the blacksmith again commences 
  his opperations. we were visited by but few of the natives today. the 
  situation of our boat and perogues is now allarming, they are firmly 
  inclosed in the Ice and almost covered with snow. The ice which incloses 
  them lyes in several stratas of unequal thicknesses which are seperated by 
  streams of water. this peculiarly unfortunate because so soon as we cut 
  through the first strata of ice the water rushes up and rises as high as 
  the upper surface of the ice and thus creates such a debth of water as 
  renders it impracticable to cut away the lower strata which appears firmly 
  attatched to, and confining the bottom of the vessels. the instruments we 
  have hitherto used has been the ax only, with which, we have made several 
  attempts that proved unsuccessful) from the cause above mentioned. we then 
  determined to attempt freeing them from the ice by means of boiling water 
  which we purposed heating in the vessels by means of hot stones, but this 
  expedient proved also fruitless, as every species of stone which we could 
  procure in the neighbourhood partook so much of the calcarious genus that 
  they burst into small particles on being exposed to the heat of the fire. 
  we now determined as the dernier resort to prepare a parse) of Iron spikes 
  and attatch them to the end of small poles of convenient length and 
  endeavour by means of them to free the vessels from the ice. we have 
  already prepared a large rope of Elk~skin and a windless by means of which 
  we have no doubt of being able to draw the boat on the bank provided we 
  can free from the ice. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0499-1805-02-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of February 1805 our provisions of meat being nearly exorsted I 
  concluded to Decend the River on the Ice & hunt, I Set out with about 
  16 men 3 horses & 2 Slays Descended nearly 60 miles Killed & 
  loaded the horses back, & made 2 pens which we filed with meat, & 
  returned on the 13th we Killed 40 Deer, 3 Bulls 19 Elk, maney So meager 
  that they were unfit for use 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0500-1805-02-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  4th February, Monday 1805. This morning fair tho could the thermometer 
  stood at 18° below Naught, wind from N# W# Capt Clark set out with a 
  hunting party consisting of sixteen of our command and two frenchmen who 
  together with two others, have established a small hut and resided this 
  winter within the vicinity of Fort Mandane under our protection. visited 
  by many of the natives today. our stock of meat which we had procured in 
  the Months of November & December is now nearly exhausted; a supply of 
  this articles is at this moment peculiarly interesting as well for our 
  immediate consumption, as that we may have time before the approach of the 
  warm season to prepare the meat for our voyage in the spring of the year. 
  Capt# Clark therefore deturmined to continue his rout down the river even 
  as far as the River bullet unless he should find a plenty of game nearer ¬ The 
  men transported their baggage on a couple of small wooden Slays drawn by 
  themselves, and took with them 3 pack horses which we had agreed should be 
  returned with a load of meat to fort mandane as soon as they could procure 
  it. no buffaloe have made their appearance in our neighbourhood for some 
  weeks; and I am informed that our Indian neighbours ¬ suffer extreemly at 
  this moment for the article of flesh. Shields killed two deer this 
  evening, both very lean ¬ one a large buck, he had shed his horns. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0501-1805-02-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 5, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  5th February Tuesday 1805. Pleasent morning wind from N# W# fair; visited 
  by many of the natives who brought a considerable quanty of corn in 
  payment for the work which the blacksmith had done for them ¬ they are 
  pecuarly attatched to a battle ax formed in a very inconvenient manner in 
  my opinion. it is fabricated of iron only, the blade is extreemly thin, 
  from 7 to nine inches in length and from 43/4, to 6 Inches on it's edge, 
  from whence the sides proceed nearly in a straight line to the eye where 
  it's width is generally not more than an inch. The eye is round & 
  about one inch in diameter. the handle seldom more than fourteen inches in 
  length, the whole weighing about one pound ¬ the great length of the 
  blade of this ax, added to the small size of the handle renders a stroke 
  uncertain and easily avoided, while the shortness of the handel must 
  render a blow much less forceable if even well directed, and still more 
  inconvenient as they uniformly use this instrument in action on horseback. 
  The oalder fassion is still more inconvenient, it is somewhat in the form 
  of the blade of an Espantoon but is attatchd to a helve of the dementions 
  before discribed the blade is sometimes by way of ornament purforated with 
  two three or more small circular holes ¬ the following is the general 
  figure it is from 12 to 15 inces in length 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0502-1805-02-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 6, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  6th February Wednesday 1805. Fair morning Wind from N# W# had a sley 
  prepared against the return of the horses which Capt Clark had promised to 
  send back as soon as he should be able to procure a load of meat. visited 
  by many of the natives among others the Big white, the Coal, big~man, 
  hairy horn and the black man, I smoked with them, after which they 
  retired, a deportment not common, for they usually pester us with their 
  good company the ballance of the day after once being introduced to our 
  apartment. Shields killed three antelopes this evening. the blacksmiths 
  take a considerable quantity of corn today in payment for their labour. 
  the blacksmith's have proved a happy resoce to us in our present situation 
  as I believe it would have been difficult to have devised any other method 
  to have procured corn from the natives. the Indians are extravegantly fond 
  of sheet iron of which they form arrow~points and manufacter into 
  instruments for scraping and dressing their buffaloe robes ¬ I 
  permited the blacksmith to dispose of a part of a sheet~iron callaboos 
  which had been nearly birnt out on our passage up the river, and for each 
  piece about four inches square he obtained from seven to eight gallons of 
  corn from the natives who appeared extreemly pleased with the exchange ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0503-1805-02-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  7th February Thursday 1805. This morning was fair Thermometer at 18° above 
  naught much warmer than it has been for some days; wind S# E# continue to 
  be visited by the natives. The Sergt# of the guard reported that the 
  Indian women (wives to our interpreters) were in the habit of unbaring the 
  fort gate at any time of night and admitting their Indian visitors, I 
  therefore directed a lock to be put to the gate and ordered that no Indian 
  but those attatched to the garrison should be permitted to remain all 
  night within the fort or admitted during the period which the gate had 
  been previously ordered to be kept shut which was from sunset untill 
  sunrise. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0504-1805-02-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  8th February Friday 1805. This morning was fair wind S# E# the weather 
  still warm and pleasent ¬  visited by the black~Cat the principal chief of 
  the Roop~tar~he, or upper mandane vilage. this man possesses more 
  integrety, firmness, inteligence and perspicuety of mind than any indian I 
  have met with in this quarter, and I think with a little management he may 
  be made a usefull agent in furthering the views of our government. The 
  black Cat presented me with a bow and apologized for not having completed 
  the shield he had promised alledging that the weather had been too could 
  to permit his making it, I gave him som small shot 6 fishing~hooks and 2 
  yards of ribbon his squaw also presented me with 2 pair of mockersons for 
  which in return I gave a small lookingglass and a couples of nedles. the 
  chief dined with me and left me in the evening. he informed me that his 
  people suffered very much for the article of meat, and that he had not 
  himself tasted any for several days. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0505-1805-02-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  9th February Saturday 1805. The morning fair and pleasent, wind from S# E# ¬ visted 
  by Mr# McKinzey one the N# W# Company's clerks. this evening a man by the 
  name of Howard whom I had given permission to go the Mandane vilage 
  returned after the gate was shut and rether than call to the guard to have 
  it opened scaled the works an indian who was looking on shortly after 
  followed his example. I convinced the Indian of the impropryety of his 
  conduct, and explained to him the riske he had run of being severely 
  treated, the fellow appeared much allarmed, I gave him a small piece of 
  tobacco and sent him away Howard I had comitted to the care of the guard 
  with a determineation to have him tryed by a Courtmartial for this 
  offence. this man is an old soldier which still hightens this offnce ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0506-1805-02-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  10th February Sunday 1805. This Morning was Cloudy after a slight snow 
  which fell in the course of the night the wind blue very hard from N# W# 
  altho the thermometer stood at 18° Above naught the violence of the wind 
  caused a degree of could that was much more unpleasent than that of 
  yesterday when thermometer stood at 10° only above the same point. Mr# 
  McKinzey left me this morning. Charbono returned with one of the Frenchmen 
  and informed that he had left the three Horses and two men with the meat 
  which Capt# Clark had sent at some distance below on the river ¬ he 
  told me that the horses were heavy loaded and that not being shod it was 
  impossible for horses to travel on the ice. I determined to send down some 
  men with two small slays for the meat and accordingly I gave orders that 
  they should set out early the next morning. two men were also sent to 
  conduct the horses by way of the plain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0507-1805-02-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  11th February Monday 1805. The party that were ordered last evening set 
  out early this morning. the weather was fair and could wind N# W# about 
  five oclock this evening one of the wives of Charbono was delivered of a 
  fine boy. it is worthy of remark that this was the first child which this 
  woman had boarn and as is common in such cases her labour was tedious and 
  the pain violent; Mr# Jessome informed me that he had freequently 
  adminstered a small portion of the rattle of the rattle~snake, which he 
  assured me had never failed to produce the desired effect, that of 
  hastening the birth of the child; having the rattle of a snake by me I 
  gave it to him and he administered two rings of it to the woman broken in 
  small pieces with the fingers and added to a small quantity of water. 
  Whether this medicine was truly the cause or not I shall not undertake to 
  determine, but I was informed that she had not taken it more than ten 
  minutes before she brought forth perhaps this remedy may be worthy of 
  future experiments, but I must confess that I want faith as to it's 
  efficacy. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0508-1805-02-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  12th February Tuesday 1805. The morning was fair tho could, thermometer at 
  14° below naught wind S# E# ordered the Blacksmith to shoe the horses and 
  some others to prepare some gears in order to send them down with three 
  slays to join the hunting party and transport the meat which they may have 
  pocured to this place ¬ the the men whom I had sent for the meat left 
  by Charbono did not return untill 4 OClock this evening. Drewyer arrived 
  with the horses about the same time, the horses appeared much fatieged I 
  directed some meal brands given them moisened with a little water but to 
  my astonishment found that they would not eat it but prefered the bark of 
  the cotton wood which forms the principall article of food usually given 
  them by their Indian masters in the winter season; for this purpose they 
  cause the trees to be felled by their women and the horses feed on the 
  boughs and bark of their tender branches. the Indians in our neighbourhood 
  are freequently pilfered of their horses by the Recares, Souixs and 
  Assinniboins and therefore make it an invariable rule to put their horses 
  in their lodges at night. in this situation the only food of the horse 
  consists of a few sticks of the cottonwood from the size of a man's finger 
  to that of his arm. The Indians are invariably severe riders, and 
  frequently have occasion for many days together through the whole course 
  of the day to employ their horses in pursuing the Buffaloe or transporting 
  meat to their vilages during which time they are seldom suffered to tast 
  food; at night the Horse returned to his stall where his food is what 
  seems to me a scanty allowance of wood. under these circumstances it would 
  seem that their horses could not long exist or at least could not retain 
  their flesh and strength, but the contrary is the fact, this valuable 
  anamall under all those disadvantages is seldom seen meager or unfit for 
  service. A little after dark this evening Capt# Clark arrived with 
  the hunting party ¬ since they set out they have killed forty Deer, 
  three buffaloe bulls, & sixteen Elk, most of them were so meager that 
  they were unfit for uce, particularly the Buffaloes and male Elk ¬ the 
  wolves also which are here extreemly numerous heped themselves to a 
  considerable proportion of the hunt ¬ if an anamal is killed and lyes 
  only one night exposed to the wolves it is almost invariably devoured by 
  them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0509-1805-02-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  13th February Wednesday 1805. The morning cloudy thermometer 2° below 
  naught wind from S# E# visited by the Black~Cat gave him a battle ax with 
  which he appeared much gratifyed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0510-1805-02-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  I returned last night from a hunting party much fatigued, haveing walked 
  30 miles on the ice and through of wood land Points in which the Snow was 
  nearly Knee Deep 
  = 
  The 1st day I left the fort proceeded on the ice to new Mandan Island, 22 
  miles & Camped Killed nothing, & nothing to eat, 
  = 
  The 2d day the morning verry Cold & Windey, I broke thro the ice and 
  got my feet and legs wet, Sent out 4 hunters thro a point to Kill a Deer 
  & Cook it by the time the party Should get up, those hunters killed a 
  Deer & 2 Buffalow Bulls the Buffalow too Meagur to eate, we eate the 
  Deer & proceeded on to an old Indian Lodge, Sent out the hunters & 
  they brought in three lean Deer, which we made use of for food, ¬ walking 
  on uneaven ice has blistered the bottom of my feat, and walking is 
  painfull to me 
  = 
  3rd day Cold morning the after party of the Day worm, Camped on a Sand 
  point near the mouth of a Creek on the S W# Side we Call hunting Creek, I 
  turned out with the hunters, I Killed 2 Deer the hunters killed an Elk, 
  Buffalow Bull & 5 Deer. all Meager 
  = 
  4th Day hunted the two bottoms near the Camp Killed 9 Elk, 18 Deer, 
  brought to camp all the meat fit to eate & had the bones taken out. 
  every man ingaged either in hunting or Collecting & packing the meat 
  to Camp 
  = 
  5th Day Dispatched one of the party our Interpeter & 2 french men with 
  the 3 horses loaded with the best of the meat to the fort 44 miles 
  Distant, the remaining meat I had packed on the 2 Slays & drawn down 
  to the next point about 3 miles below, at this place I had all the meat 
  Collected which was killed yesterday & had escaped the wolves, Raven 
  & Magpie, (which are verry noumerous about this Place) and put into a 
  close pen made of logs to secure it from the wolves & birds & 
  proceeded on to a large bottom nearly opposit the Chisscheter (heart) 
  River, in this bottom we found but little game, Great No# of wolves, on 
  the hills Saw Several parsels of Buffalow. Camped. I killed a Buck 
  = 
  6th Day The Buffalow Seen last night provd to be Bulls. lean & unfit 
  for to make uce of as food, the Distance from Camp being nearly 60 miles, 
  and the packing of meat that distance attended with much difficuity 
  deturmined me to return and hunt the points above, we Set out on our 
  return and halted at an old Indian lodge 40 miles below Fort Mandan Killed 
  3 Elk & 2 Deer. 
  = 
  7th Day a cold Day wind blew hard from the N# W# J Fields got one of his 
  ears frosed deturmined to lay by and hunt today Killed an Elk & 6 
  deer,* this meat I had Boned & put onto a Close pen made of logs ¬ *all 
  that was fit for use 
  = 
  8th day air keen halted at the old Camp we Stayed in on the 2d night after 
  we left the Fort, expecting to meat the horses at this Place, killed 3 
  Deer, Several men being nearly out of Mockersons & the horses not 
  returning deturmind me to return to the Fort on tomorrow 
  = 
  9th day. Set out early, Saw great numbers of Grouse feeding on the young 
  willows, on the Sand bars one mans I sent in persute of a gangue of Elk 
  killed three near the old Ricara Village and joined at the fort, Sent him 
  back to Secure the meat one man with him ¬ The ice on the parts of the 
  River which was verry rough, as I went down, was Smothe on my return, this 
  is owing to the rise and fall of the water, which takes place every day or 
  two, and Caused by partial thaws, and obstructions in the passage of the 
  water thro the Ice, which frequently attaches itself to the bottom. the 
  water when riseing forses its way thro the cracks & air holes above 
  the old ice, & in one night becoms a Smothe Surface of ice 4 to 6 
  Inchs thick, ¬ the river falls & the ice Sink in places with the 
  water and attaches itself to the bottom, and when it again rises to its 
  former hite, frequently leavs a valley of Several feet to Supply with 
  water to bring it on a leavel Surfice. 
  = 
  The water of the Missouri at this time is Clear with little Tinges. 
  = 
  I saw Several old Villages near the Chisscheta River on enquirey found 
  they were Mandan Villages destroyed by the Sous & Small Pox, they 
  noumerous and lived in 6 Villages near that place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0511-1805-02-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th Sent 4 men with the Horses Shod & 2 Slays down for the meat I had 
  left, 22 miles below those men were rushed on by 106 Sioux who robed them 
  of 2 of their horses ¬ & they returned 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0512-1805-02-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of February Thursday 1805 The Snow fell 3 inches Deep last night, a 
  fine morning, Dispatched George Drewyer & 3 men with two Slays drawn 
  by 3 horses for the meat left below ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0513-1805-02-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  15th Capt# Lewis with a party of men & 4 Indians went in pursute of 
  the Sioux, the Indians returned the next Day & informed me that the 
  Sioux had Burnt all my meat & Born home (they Saw me but was afraid to 
  attact me) Capt Lewis returned the 21st with 2400 l. of meat, haveing 
  Killed 36 Deer & 14 Elk, the Sioux burnt one of my meet houses; they 
  did not find the other 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0514-1805-02-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of February Friday 1805 at 10 oClock P M# last night the men that 
  dispatched yesterday for the meat, returned and informed us that as they 
  were on their march down at the distance of about 24 miles below the Fort 
  about 105 Indians which they took to be Souis rushed on them and Cut their 
  horses from the Slays, two of which they carried off in great hast, the 
  3rd horse was given up to the party by the intersetion of an Indian who 
  assumd Some authority on the accasion, probably more thro fear of himself 
  or Some of the Indians being killed by our men who were not disposed to be 
  Robed of all they had tamely, they also forced 2 of the mens knives & 
  a tamahawk, the man obliged them to return the tamahawk the knives they 
  ran off with G Drewyer Frasure, S Gutterage, & Newmon with a broken 
  Gun 
  = 
  we dispatched two men to inform the mandans, and if any of them chose to 
  pursue those robers, to come down in the morning, and join Capt Lewis who 
  intended to Set out with a party of men verry early, by 12 oClock the 
  Chief of the 2ed Village Big white Came down, and Soon after one other 
  Chief and Several men ¬ The Chief observed that all the young men of 
  the 2 Villages were out hunting, and but verry fiew guns were left,Capt# 
  Lewis Set out at Sunrise with 24 men, to meet those Soues &c# Several 
  Indians accompanied him Some with Bows & arrows Some withe Spears 
  & Battle axes, a 2 with fusees ¬ the morning fine the Thermometer 
  Stood at 16° below 0, Nought, visited by 2 of the Big Bellies this 
  evening, ¬ one Chief of the Mandans returned from Capt Lewises Party 
  nearly blind ¬ this Complaint is as I am infomd. Common at this Season 
  of the year and caused by the reflection of the Sun on the ice & Snow, 
  it is cured by jentilley Swetting the part affected by throweng Snow on a 
  hot Stone 
  = 
  verry Cold part of the night ¬ one man Killed a verry large Red Fox to 
  day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0515-1805-02-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  16th of February Satturday 1805 a fine morning, visited by but fiew 
  Indians to day, at Dusk two of the Indians who wint down with Capt# Lewis 
  returned, Soon after two others and one man (Howard) with his feet 
  frosted, and informed that the Inds# who Commited the roberry of the 2 
  horses was So far a head that they could not be overtaken, they left a 
  number of pars of Mockersons which, the Mandans knew to be Souix 
  mockersons, ¬ This war party Camped verry near the last camp I made 
  when on my hunting party, where they left Some Corn, as a deception, with 
  a view to induc a belief that they were Ricarras. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis & party proceeded on down the meat I left at my last Camp 
  was taken. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0516-1805-02-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of February Sunday 1805 this morning worm & a little Cloudy, the 
  Coal & his Son visited me to day with about 30 w. of Drid Buffalow 
  meat, & Some Tallow Mr# McKinsey one of the N W# Compys. Clerks 
  visited me (one of the hoses the Sous robed a fiew Days past belonged to 
  this man) The after part of the day fair, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0517-1805-02-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  18th of February Monday 1805 a cloudy morning Some Snow, Several Indians 
  here today Mr# McKinsey leave me, the after part of the day fine I am much 
  engaged makeing a discriptive List of the Rivers from Information our 
  Store of Meat is out to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0518-1805-02-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of February Tuesday 1805 a fine Day visited by Several of the Mandans 
  to day, our Smiths are much engaged mending and makeing Axes for the 
  Indians for which we get Corn 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0519-1805-02-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 20th February Wednesday 1805 a Butifull Day, visited by the 
  Little raven verry early this morning I am informed of the Death of an old 
  man whome I Saw in the Mandan Village. this man, informed me that he "was 
  120 winters old, he requested his grand Children to Dress him after Death 
  & Set him on a Stone on a hill with his face towards his old Village 
  or Down the river, that he might go Streight to his brother at their old 
  village under ground"I observed Several Mandan verry old Chiefly men 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0520-1805-02-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  21st February Thursday 1805 a Delightfull Day put out our Clothes to Sun ¬ Visited 
  by the big white & Big man they informed me that Several men of their 
  nation was gorn to Consult their Medison Stone about 3 day march to the 
  South West to know What was to be the result of the insuing year ¬ They 
  have great confidence in this Stone and Say that it informs them of every 
  thing which is to happen, & visit it every Spring & Sometimes in 
  the Summer "They haveing arrived at the Stone give it Smoke and proceed to 
  the wood at Some distance to Sleep the next morning return to the Stone, 
  and find marks white & raised on the Stone representing the piece or 
  war which they are to meet with, and other changes, which they are to 
  meet" This Stone has a leavel Surface of about 20 feet in Surcumfrance, 
  thick and pores, and no doubt has Some mineral qualtites effected by the 
  Sun. 
  = 
  The Big Bellies have a Stone to which they ascribe nearly the Same Virtues 
  = 
  Capt Lewis returned with 2 Slays loaded with meat, after finding that he 
  could not overtake the Souis war party, (who had in their way distroyd all 
  the meat at one Deposit which I had made & Burnt the Lodges) 
  deturmined to proceed on to the lower Deposit, which he found had not been 
  observed by Soux he hunted two day Killed 36 Deer & 14 Elk, Several of 
  them So meager, that they were unfit for use, the meet which he killed and 
  that in the lower Deposit amounting to about 3000 wt was brought up on two 
  Slays, one Drawn by 16 men had about 2400 wt on it 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0521-1805-02-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 22, 1805 
@section 3 {tx}
Fort Mandan 
22nd of February Friday 1805. 
 a Cloudy morning, at about 12 oClock it began to rain and Continud for 
a fiew minits, and turned to Snow, and Continud Snowing for about one 
hour, and Cleared away fair The two hunters left below arrived, They 
killed two Elk, and hung them up out of the reach of the wolves ¬ The 
Coal a Ricara who is a considerable Chief of the Mandans visited us to 
day, and maney others of the three nations in our neighbourhood. 
@section 3 {tx}
   = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0522-1805-02-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd of February 1805 Satturday All hands employed in Cutting the Perogus 
  Loose from the ice, which was nearly even with their top; we found great 
  difficuelty in effecting this work owing to the Different devisions of Ice 
  & water after Cutting as much as we Could with axes, we had all the 
  Iron we Could get & Some axes put on long poles and picked throught 
  the ice, under the first water, which was not more the 6 or 8 inches deep ¬ we 
  disengaged one Perogue, and nearly disingaged the 2nd in Course of this 
  day which has been warm & pleasent vised by a no of Indians, jessomme 
  & familey went to the Shoes Indians Villag to day 
  = 
  The father of the Boy whose feet were frose near this place, and nearly 
  Cured by us took him home in a Slay ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0523-1805-02-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  24th February Sunday 1805 The Day fine, we Commenced very early to day the 
  Cutting loose the boat which was more difficuelt than the perogus with 
  great exertions and with the assistance of Great prises we lousened her 
  and turned the Second perogue upon the ice, ready to Draw out, in 
  Lousening the boat from the ice Some of the Corking drew out which Caused 
  her to Leake for a few minits untill we Discovered the Leake & Stoped 
  it ¬ Jessomme our interpeter & familey returned from the Villages 
  Several Indians visit us today 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0524-1805-02-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of February Monday 1805 we fixed a Windlass and Drew up the two 
  Perogues on the upper bank and attempted the Boat, but the Roap which we 
  bade made of Elk Skins proved too weak & broke Several times night 
  Comeing on obliged us to leave her in a Situation but little advanced ¬  we 
  were Visited by the Black mockerson Chief of the little Village of Big 
  Bellies, the Cheef of the Shoe Inds and a number of others those Chiefs 
  gave us Some meat which they packed on their wives, and one requested a ax 
  to be made for hies Sun, Mr# Bunch, one of the under traders for the 
  hudsons Bay Companey ¬ one of the Big Bellies asked leave for himself 
  & his two wives to Stay all night, which was granted, also two Boys 
  Stayed all night, one the Sun of the Black Cat. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The Day has been exceedingly pleasent 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0525-1805-02-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of Feby 1805 Drew up the Boat & perogus, after Cutting them out 
  of the ice with great Dificuelty ¬ & trouble 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0526-1805-02-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  26th February Tuesday 1805 a fine Day Commencd verry early in makeing 
  preparations for drawing up the Boat on the bank, at Sunset by repeated 
  exertions the whole day we accomplished this troublesom task, just as we 
  were fixed for having the Boat the ice gave away near us for about 100 yds 
  in length ¬ a number of Indians here to day to See the Boat rise on 
  the Bank 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0527-1805-02-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of February Wednesday 1805 a fine day, prepareing the Tools to make 
  perogues all day ¬ a feiw Indians visit us to day, one the largest 
  Indian I ever Saw, & as large a man as ever I Saw, I commence a Map of 
  the Countrey on the Missouries & its waters &c# &c# ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0528-1805-02-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of February 1805 Thursday Mr# Gravilin 2 frenchmen and 2 Ricaras 
  arrived from the Ricaras with letters from Mr# Tahoe &c# informing us 
  of the Deturmination of the Ricaras to follow our councils ¬ and the 
  threts & intintions of the Sioux in Killing us whenever they again met 
  us ¬ and that a party of Several bands were formeing to attacke the 
  Mandans &c# &c# 
  = 
  we informed the Mandans & others of this information & also the 
  wish the Ricars had to live near them & fite the Sioux &c# &c# 
  &c# 
  = 
  despatched 16 Men 5 Miles abov to build 6 Canoes for the voyage, being 
  Deturmend to Send back the Barge 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0529-1805-02-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of February Thursday 1805 a fine morning, two men of the N W Compy 
  arrve with letters and Sacka comah also a Root and top of a plant 
  presented by Mr# Haney, for the Cure of mad Dogs Snakes &c, and to be 
  found & used as follows vz: "this root is found on high lands and 
  asent of hills, the way of useing it is to Scarify the part when bitten to 
  chu or pound an inch or more if the root is Small, and applying it to the 
  bitten part renewing it twice a Day. the bitten person is not to chaw nor 
  Swallow any of the Root for it might have contrary effect." 
  = 
  Sent out 16 men to make four Perogus those men returned in the evening and 
  informed that they found trees they thought would answer. 
  = 
  Mr# Gravelin two frenchmen & two Inds# arrive from the Ricara Nation 
  with Letters from Mr# Anty Tabeaux, informing us of the peaceable 
  dispositions of that nation towards the Mandans & Me ne to res & 
  their avowed intentions of pursueing our Councils & advice, they 
  express a wish to visit the Mandans, & Know if it will be agreeable to 
  them to admit the Ricaras to Settle near them and join them against their 
  common Enimey the Souis we mentioned this to the mandans, who observed 
  they had always wished to be at peace and good neighbours with the 
  Ricaras, and it is also the Sentiments of all the Big Bellies, & Shoe 
  Nations 
  = 
  Mr# Gravilin informs that the Sisetoons and the 3 upper bands of the 
  Tetons, with the Yanktons of the North intend to come to war in a Short 
  time against the nations in this quarter, & will Kill everry white man 
  they See ¬ Mr# T# also informes that Mr# Cameron of St peters has put 
  arms into the hands of the Souls to revenge the death of 3 of his men 
  Killed by the Chipaways latterly ¬ and that the Band of tetons which 
  we Saw is desposed to doe as we have advised them ¬ thro the influenc 
  of their Chief the Black Buffalow 
  = 
  Mr# Gravilin further informs that the Party which Robed us of the 2 horses 
  laterly were all Sieoux 100 in number, they Called at the Ricaras on their 
  return, the Ricares being displeased at their Conduct would not give them 
  any thing to eate, that being the greatest insult they could peaceably 
  offer them, and upbraded them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0530-1805-03-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  March 1st Friday 1805 a fine Day I am ingaged in Copying a map, men 
  building perogus, makeing Ropes, Burning Coal, Hanging up meat & 
  makeing battle axes for Corn 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0531-1805-03-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  2nd of March 1805 Satturday a fine Day the river brake up in places all 
  engaged about Something Mr# La Rocque a Clerk of the N W Company visit us, 
  he has latterly returned from the Establishments on the Assinniboin River 
  with Merchindize to tarade with Indians ¬ Mr# L informs us the N, W# 
  & X Y Companies have joined, & the head of the N W# Co. is Dead 
  Mr# McTavish of Monteral, ¬  visted by the Coal & Several Indians 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0532-1805-03-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of March Sunday 1805 a fine Day wind from the W, a large flock of 
  Ducks pass up the Rivervisited by the black Cat, Chief of the Mandans 2d 
  Cheif and a Big Belley, they Stayed but a Short time we informed those 
  Chiefs of the news recved from the Ricaras, all hands employd 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0533-1805-03-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 4th March Monday 1805 a Cloudy morning wind from the N W the 
  after part of the day Clear, visited by the Black Cat & Big White, who 
  brought a Small present of meat, an Engage of the N W Co. Came for a 
  horse, and requested in the name of the woman of the princapal of his 
  Department Some Silk of three Colours, which we furnished. The 
  Assinniboins who visited the Mandans a fiew Days ago returned and 
  attempted to take horses of the Minetarres & were fired on by them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0534-1805-03-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  5th March Tuesday 1805 A fine Day Themometer at 40° abo 0. Several Indians 
  visit us to day one frenchman cross to join a Indian the two pass through 
  by Land to the Ricaras with a Letter to Mr# Tabbow 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0535-1805-03-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  6th of March Wednesday 1805 a Cloudy morning & Smokey all Day from the 
  burning of the plains, which was Set on fire by the Minetarries for an 
  early crop of Grass as an endusement for the Buffalow to feed on ¬ the 
  horses which was Stolen Some time ago by the Assinniboins from the 
  minetarries were returned yesterday ¬ visited by Oh~harh or the Little 
  fox 2d Chief of the lower Village of the Me ne tar ries ¬ one man 
  Shannon Cut his foot with the ads in working at a perogue, George & 
  Graviline go to the Village, the river rise a little to day ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0536-1805-03-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of March Thursday 1805 a little Cloudy and windey N E# the Coal 
  visited us with a Sick child, to whome I gave Some of rushes Pills ¬ Shabounar 
  returned this evening from the Gross Vintres & informed that all the 
  nation had returned from the hunting ¬ he our menetarre interpeter had 
  received a present from Mr# Chaboilleiz of the N# W# Company of the 
  following articles 3 Brace of Cloath 1 Brace of Scarlet a par Corduroy 
  Overalls 1 Vests 1 Brace Blu Cloth 1 Brace red or Scarlet with 3 bars, 200 
  balls & Powder, 2 bracs Tobacco, 3 Knives. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0537-1805-03-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of March Friday 1805 a fair morning Cold and windey, wind from the 
  East, visited by the Greesey head & a Riarca to day, those men gave 
  Some account of the Indians near the rockey mountains 
  = 
  a young Indian same nation & Differnt Village Stole the Doughter of 
  the Black man, he went to his Village took his horse & returned & 
  took away his doughter 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0538-1805-03-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  on the 9th of March we were Visited by the Grand Chief of the Minetarres, 
  to whome we gave a medal & Some Cloths & a flag. Sent a French Man 
  & a Indian with a letter to Mr# Tabboe informing them the Ricarras of 
  the desire the Mandans had to See them &# &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0539-1805-03-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of March Satturday 1805 a Cloudy Cold and windey morning wind from the 
  North ¬ walked up to See the Party that is makeing Perogues, about 5 
  miles above this, the wind hard and Cold on my way up I met The Main Chief 
  of the Manitarres with four Indians on Thier way to See us, I requested 
  him to proceed on to the fort where he would find Capt# Lewis I should be 
  there my Self in corse of a fiew hours, Sent the interpeter back with him 
  and proceeded on my Self to the Canoes found them nearly finished, the 
  timber verry bad, after visiting all the perogues where I found a number 
  of Indans I wind to the upper mandan Village & Smoked a pipe the 
  greatest mark of friendship and attention with the Chief and returned on 
  my return found the Manitarree Chief about Setting out on his return to 
  his village, having recieved of Captain M# Lewis a medel Gorget armbans, a 
  Flag Shirt, Scarlet &c# &c# &c# for which he was much pleased 
  Those Things were given in place of Sundery articles Sent to him which he 
  Sais he did not receive 2 guns were fired for this Great man 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0540-1805-03-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of March Sunday 1805. a Cold winday Day. we are visited by the Black 
  mockersons, Chief of the 2d Manetarre Village and the Chief of the Shoeman 
  Village or Mah ha ha V. those Chiefs Stayed all day and the latter all 
  night and gave us many Strang accounts of his nation &c this Little 
  tribe or band of Menitaraies Call themselves Ah~nah~haway or people whose 
  village is on the hill. nation formerleyed lived about 30 miles below this 
  but beeing oppressed by the Asinniboins & Sous were Compelled to move 
  5 miles the Minitaries, where, the Assinniboins Killed the most of. them 
  those remaining built a village verry near to the Minitarries at the mouth 
  of Knife R where they now live and Can raise about 50 men, they are 
  intermixed with the Mandans & Minatariers ¬ the Manclans formerly 
  lived in 6 large villages at and above the mouth of Chischeter or Heart 
  River five Villages on the West Side & two on the East one of those 
  Villages on the East Side of the Missouri & the larges was intirely 
  Cut off by the Sioux & the greater part of the others and the Small 
  Pox reduced the others. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0541-1805-03-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 11th of March Monday 1805 A Cloudy Cold windey day, Some Snow 
  in the latter part of the day, we deturmin to have two other Perogues made 
  for us to transport our Provisions &c# 
  = 
  We have every reason to believe that our Menetarre interpeter, (whome we 
  intended to take with his wife, as an interpeter through his wife to the 
  Snake Indians of which nation She is) has been Corupted by the  ¿¿ 
  Companeys &c# Some explenation has taken place which Clearly proves to 
  us the fact, we give him to night to reflect and deturmin whether or not 
  he intends to go with us under the regulations Stated. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0542-1805-03-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  12th a fine day Some Snow last night our Interpeter Shabonah, detumins on 
  not proceeding with us as an interpeter under the terms mentioned 
  yesterday he will not agree to work let our Situation be what it may not 
  Stand a guard, and if miffed with any man he wishes to return when he 
  pleases, also have the disposial of as much provisions as he Chuses to 
  Carrye. 
  = 
  in admissable and we Suffer him to be off the engagement which was only 
  virbal wind N W 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0543-1805-03-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of March Wednesday 1805 a fine day visited by Mr# Mckinsey one of the 
  Clerks of the N W Companey, the river riseing a little ¬ maney Inds# 
  here to day all anxiety for war axes the Smiths have not an hour of Idle 
  time to Spear wind S W 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0544-1805-03-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th March Thursday 1805. a fine day Set all hands to Shelling Corn &c# 
  Mr# McKinsey leave us to day maney Indians as usial. wind west river Still 
  riseing 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0545-1805-03-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of March Friday 1805 a fine day I put out all the goods & Parch 
  meal Clothing &c to Sun, a number of Indians here to day They make 
  maney remarks respecting our goods &c# Set Some men about Hulling Corn 
  &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0546-1805-03-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  March 16th, 1804. Mr# Gurrow a Frenchman who has lived many years with the 
  Ricares & Mandans shewed us the process used by those Indians to make 
  beads. the discovery of this art these nations are said to have derived 
  from the Snake Indians who have been taken prisoners by the Ricaras. the 
  art is kept a secret by the Indians among themselves and is yet known to 
  but few of them. 
  = 
  the Prosess is as follows, ¬ Take glass of as many different colours 
  as you think proper, then pound it as fine as possible puting each colour 
  in a seperate vessel. wash the pounded glass in several waters throwing 
  off the water at each washing. continue this opperation as long as the 
  pounded glass stains or colours the water which is poured off and the 
  residium is then prepared for uce. You then provide an earthen pot of 
  convenient size say of three gallons which will stand the fire; a platter 
  also of the same materials sufficiently small to be admitted in the mouth 
  of the pot or jar. the pot has a nitch in it's edge through which to watch 
  the beads when in blast. You then provide some well seasoned clay with a 
  propertion of sand sufficient to prevent it's becoming very hard when 
  exposed to the heat. this clay must be tempered with water untill it is 
  about the consistency of common doe. of this clay you then prepare, a 
  sufficient number of little sticks of the size you wish the hole through 
  the bead, which you do by roling the clay on the palm of the hand with 
  your finger. this done put those sticks of clay on the platter and espose 
  them to a red heat for a few minutes when you take them off and suffer 
  them to cool. the pot is also heated to cles it perfectly of any filth it 
  may contain. small balls of clay are also mad of about an ounce weight 
  which serve each as a pedestal for a bead. these while soft ar distributed 
  over the face of the platter at such distance from each other as to 
  prevent the beads from touching. some little wooden paddles are now 
  provided from three to four inches in length sharpened or brought to a 
  point at the extremity of the handle. with this paddle you place in the 
  palm of the hand as much of the wet pounded glass as is necessary to make 
  the bead of the size you wish it. it is then arranged with the paddle in 
  an oblong form, laying one of those little stick of clay crosswise over 
  it; the pounded glass by means of the paddle is then roped in cilindrical 
  form arround the stick of clay and gently roled by motion of the hand 
  backwards an forwards until you get it as regular and smooth as you 
  conveniently can. if you wish to introduce any other colour you now 
  purforate the surface of the bead with the pointed end of your little 
  paddle and fill up the cavity with other pounded glass of the colour you 
  wish forming the whole as regular as you can. a hole is now made in the 
  center of the little pedestals of clay with the handle of your shovel 
  sufficiently large to admit the end of the stick of clay arround which the 
  bead is formed. the beads are then arranged perpindicularly on their 
  pedestals and little distance above them supported by the little sticks of 
  clay to which they are attatched in the manner before mentioned. Thus 
  arranged the platter is deposited on burning coals or hot embers and the 
  pot reversed with the apparture in it's edge turned towards coverd the 
  whole. dry wood pretty much doated; is then plased arron the pot in sush 
  manner as compleatly to cover it is then set on fire and the opperator 
  must shortly after begin to watch his beads through the apparture of the 
  pot lest they should be distroyed by being over heated. he suffers the 
  beads to acquire a deep red heat from which when it passes in a small 
  degree to a pailer or whitish red, or he discovers that the beads begin to 
  become pointed at their upper extremities he removes the fire from about 
  the pot and suffers the whole to cool gradually. the pot is then removed 
  and the beads taken out. the clay which fills the hollow of the beads is 
  picked out with an awl or nedle, the bead is then fit for uce. The Indians 
  are extreemly fond of the large beads formed by this process. they use 
  them as pendants to their years, or hair and sometimes wear them about 
  their necks. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0547-1805-03-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  16th of March Satturday 1805 a Cloudy day wind from the S# E one Indian 
  much displeased with whitehouse for Strikeing his hand when eating with a 
  Spoon for behaveing badly. Mr# Garrow Shew'd us the way the ricaras made 
  their large Beeds 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0548-1805-03-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of March Sunday a windey Day attempted to air our goods &#. Mr# 
  Chabonah Sent a french man of our party that he was Sorry for the foolissh 
  part he had acted and if we pleased he would accompany us agreeabley to 
  the terms we had perposed and doe every thing we wished him to doe &c# 
  &c# he had requested me Some thro our French inturpeter two days ago 
  to excuse his Simplicity and take him into the cirvise, after he had taken 
  his things across the River we called him in and Spoke to him on the 
  Subject, he agreed to our terms and we agreed that he might go on with us 
  &c &c# but fiew Indians here to day; the river riseing a little 
  and Severall places open. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0549-1805-03-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  18th of March 1805 a cold cloudy Day wind from the N# I pack up all the 
  merchindize into 8 packs equally devided So as to have Something of every 
  thing in each Canoe & perogue I am informed of a Party of Christanoes 
  & assinniboins being killed by the Sioux, 50 in Number near the 
  Estableishments on the assinniboin R# a fiew days ago (the effect of Mr# 
  Cammeron, revenge on the Chipaway for Killing 3 of his men) Mr# Tousent 
  Chabono, Enlisted as an Interpreter this evening, I am not well to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0550-1805-03-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of March 1805 Cold windey Day Cloudy Some little Snow last night 
  Visited to Day by the big white & Little Crow, also a man & his 
  wife with a Sick Child, I administer for the child I am told that two 
  parties are gorn to war from the Big bellies and one other party going to 
  war Shortly. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0551-1805-03-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  I visited the Mandans on the 20th & have the canoes taken to the 
  River, ready to Decend to the fort when the River Clears, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0552-1805-03-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan 20th March Wednesday 1805. I with all the men which could be 
  Speared from the Fort went to Canoes, there I found a number of Indians 
  the men carried 4 to the River about 11/2 miles thro the Bottom, I visited 
  the Chief of the Mandans in the Course of the Day and Smoked a pipe with 
  himself and Several old men. cloudy wind hard from N# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0553-1805-03-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  I return on the 21st and on my return I passed on the points of the high 
  hills S# S# where I saw an emence quantity of Pumice Stone, and evident 
  marks of the hills being on fire I collected some Pumice Stone, burnt 
  Stone & hard earth and put them into a furnace, the hard earth melted 
  and glazed the other two a part of which i, e, the Hard Clay became a 
  Pumice~Stone, I also collected a Plant the root of which is a Cure for the 
  Bite of a mad dog & Snake which I shall Send ¬ Mr# Haney (I think 
  it grows in the Blue R Barrens) the Indians make large Beeds of Different 
  Colours ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0554-1805-03-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  21st March Thursday 1805 a Cloudy Day Some snow, the men Carried the 
  remaining the 2 remained Canoes to the River, all except 3 left to take 
  care & complete the Canoes, returned to the fort with their baggage, 
  on my return to day to the Fort I came on the points of the high hills, 
  Saw an emence quantity of Pumice Stone on the Sides & foot of the 
  hills and emence beds of Pumice Stone near the Tops of the hills with 
  evident marks of the Hill haveing once been on fire, I collected Some the 
  differnt i e Stone Pumice Stone & a hard earth and put them into a 
  furnace the hard earth melted and glazed the others two and the hard Clay 
  became a pumice Stone Glazed. I collected Some plants &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0555-1805-03-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of March 1805 Visited by the 2nd Chief of the Grand Village of the 
  Minetarrees to whome we gave a medal & Some Clothes acknowledging him 
  as a 2d Chief, he Delayed all night, & Saw the men Dance, which is 
  common amusement with the men he returned the 23rd with Mr# La Rocque 
  & McKinsey two of the N W# Companys Clerks ¬ Some few Drops of 
  rain this evening for the first time this Winter visited by many Indians 
  to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0556-1805-03-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  March 22, 1805 23rd of March Friday 1805 a Cloudy Day visited by Mrs. Lack 
  McKinsey & the 2d Chief of the Bigbellies, the white wolf and many 
  other Menataries, we gave a Medal Some Clothes and wampoms to the 2 Chief 
  and Delivered a Speach, which they all appeared well pleased with in The 
  evening the men Danced Mr# Jessomme displeased 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0557-1805-03-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  24th of March Satturday 1805 after Brackfast Mr# La Rocke and Mr# McKinsey 
  and the Chiefs & men of the Minetarras leave us ¬ Soon after we 
  were visited by a Brother of the Burnia who gave us a Vocabulary of his 
  Language ¬ the Coal & many other Mandans also visit us to Day. a 
  find Day in the fore part in the evening a little rain & the first 
  this winter 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0558-1805-03-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of March Sunday 1805 a Cloudy morning wind from the N E the after 
  part of the Day fair, Several Indians visit us today, prepareing to Set 
  out on our journey Saw Swans & wild Gees flying N E this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0559-1805-03-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  March 25, 1805 26h The ice broke up in Several places in the evenig broke 
  away and was nearly takeing off our new Canoes river rise a little 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0560-1805-03-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of March Monday 1805 a find Day wind S# W# but fiew Inds visit us to 
  day the Ice haveing broken up in Several places, The ice began to brake 
  away this evening and was near distroying our Canoes as they wer decnding 
  to the fort, river rose only 9 Inches to day prepareing to Depart 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0561-1805-03-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of March Tuesday 1805 The river choked up with ice opposit to us and 
  broke away in the evening raised only 1/2 Inch all employed prepareing to 
  Set out 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0562-1805-03-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th had all the Canoes, the Perogus corked pitchd & lined cover the 
  Cotton Wood, which is win Shaken (the Mandans feed their horses on the 
  cotton wood Sticks in places of corn). 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0563-1805-03-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of March Friday 1805 a windey Blustering Day wind S W ice running the 
  river Blocked up in view for the Space of 4 hours and gave way leaveing 
  great quantity of ice on the Shallow Sand bars. had all the canoes corked 
  pitched & tirred in and on the cracks and windshake which is 
  universially in the Cotton wood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0564-1805-03-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  March 28, 1805 25th the ice Stoped running owing to Some obstickle above 
  all prepareing to Set out but few Indians visit us to day they are 
  watching to catch the floating Buffalow which brake through the ice in 
  Crossing, those people are fond of those animals tainted and Catch great 
  numbers every Spring 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0565-1805-03-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  29th of March Satturday 1805 The ice has Stoped running owing to Som 
  obstickle above, repare the Boat & Perogues, and prepareing to Set out 
  but few Indians visit us to day they are now attending on the river bank 
  to Catch the floating Buffalow 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0566-1805-03-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of March. The Ice is passing in great quantites, river ran a little, 
  The Plains are on fire on both Sides of the river it is common for the 
  indians to Set those Plains on fire near their village for the advantage 
  of early Grass for the hors & as an inducement to the Buffalow to 
  visit them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0567-1805-03-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of March Sunday 1805 The obstickle broke away above & the ice 
  came dow in great quantites the river rose 13 inches the last 24 hours I 
  observed extrodanary dexterity of the Indians in jumping from one Cake of 
  ice to another, for the purpose of Catching the buffalow as they float 
  down maney of the Cakes of ice which they pass over are not two feet 
  Square. The Plains are on fire in view of the fort on both Sides of the 
  River, it is Said to be common for the Indians to burn the Plains near 
  their villages every Spring for the benifit of ther horse, and to induce 
  the Buffalow to come near to them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0568-1805-03-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  31 h of March Monday 1805 Cloudy Several gangus of Ducks and Gees pass up 
  not much ice floating. All the party in high Spirits, but fiew nights pass 
  without a Dance they are helth# except the vn# ¬ which is common with 
  the Indians and have been communicated to many of our party at this place ¬ those 
  favores bieng easy acquired. all Tranquille 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0569-1805-03-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  31t of March Monday 1805 Cloudy Day Seven Gangs of Gees and Ducks pass up 
  the river ¬ but a Small portion of ice floating down to day ¬ but 
  fiew Inds visit us to day all the party in high Spirits they pass but fiew 
  nights without amuseing themselves danceing possessing perfect harmony and 
  good understanding towards each other Generally healthy except venerials 
  complains which is verry Commion amongst the natives and the men Catch it 
  from them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0570-1805-04-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  April 1st 1805 we have Thunder lightning hail and rain to day the first 
  rain of note Sinc the 15 of October last, I had the Boat Perogus & 
  Canos put in the water, and expect to Set off the boat with despatches in 
  her will go 6 Americans 3 frenchmen, and perhaps Several ricarra Chief 
  imediately after we Shall assend in 2 perogus & 6 canoes, accompanied 
  by 5 french who intends to assend a Short distance to trap the beavr which 
  is in great abundance highr up our party will consist of one Interpter 
  & Hunter, one French man as an interpreter with his two wives (this 
  man Speaks Minetary to his wives who are L hiatars or Snake Indians of the 
  nations through which we Shall pass, and to act as interpretress thro him) 26 
  americans & french my servant and an Mandan Indian and provisions for 
  4 months 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0571-1805-04-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan April the 1st Tuesday 1805 The fore part of to day haile rain 
  with Thunder & lightning, the rain continued by intimitions all day, 
  it is worthey of remark that this is the 1st rain which has fallen Since 
  we have been here or Since the 15 of October last, except a fiew drops at 
  two or three defferent times 
  = 
    <h3> 
  had the Boat Perogus & Canoes all put into the water. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0572-1805-04-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  April the 2nd a Cold rain day we are writeing and prepareing dispatches 
  all day ¬ I conclude to Send my journal to the President of the United 
  States in its original State for his own perusial, untill I call for it or 
  Some friend if I should not return, an this journal is from the 13th of 
  May 1804 untill the 3rd of April 1805. wrote untill verry late at night 
  but little time to devote to my friends, the river is falling fast. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0573-1805-04-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  April the 2nd Friday 1805 a cloudy day rained all the last night we are 
  preparing to Set out all thing nearly ready. The 2d Chief of the 2d Mandan 
  Village took a miff at our not attending to him perticelarely after being 
  here about ten day and moved back to his village 
  = 
  The mandans Killed twenty one elk yesterday 15 miles below this, they were 
  So meager that they Scercely fit for use 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0574-1805-04-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  3rd of April we Shall pack up to day and Set out tomorrow. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0575-1805-04-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 3, 1805 
@section 3 {tx}
April the 3rd Thursday 1805 
 a white frost this morning, Some ice on the edge of the water, a fine 
day Pack up and prepare to load 
@section 3 {tx}
  Mrs. La Roche & McKinsey Clerk to the N W# Compy. visit us. Mr# 
  McKinzey wishes to get pay for his horse lost in our Service this winter 
  and one of which was robed this winter by the Tetons, we Shall pay this 
  man for his horse. we are all day ingaged packing up Sundery articles to 
  be Sent to the President of the U# S# 
  = 
  bow an quiver of arrows with some Ricara's tobacco seed 
  = 
  No# 11 a Martin Skin, Containing the tail of a Mule Deer, a weasel and 
  three Squirels from the Rockey mountains. 
  = 
  No# 12. The bones & Skeleton of a Small burrowing wolf of the Praries 
  the Skin being lost by accident. 
  = 
  No# 99 The Skeliton of the white and Grey hare. 
  = 
  Box No# 2, contains 4 Buffalow Robes, and a ear of Mandan Corn. 
  = 
  The large Trunk Contains a male & female Brarow and female's Skeliton. 
  = 
  a Carrote of Ricaras Tobacco 
  = 
  a red fox Skin Containing a Magpie. 
  = 
  No# 14 Minitarras Buffalow robe Containing Some articles of Indian dress. 
  = 
  No# 15 a Mandan robe containing two burrowing Squirels, a white weasel and 
  the Skin of a Loucirvea. 
  = 
  also 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     13 red fox Skins. 
     1 white Hare Skin &#. 
     4 horns of the mountain ram 
     1 Robe representing a battle between the Sioux & Ricaras, 
Minetarras and Mandans. 
@section 3 {tx}
  In Box No# 3. 
  = 
  nos# 1 & 2 The Skins of the Male & female Antelope with their 
  Skelitons. & the Skin of a yellow Bear which I obtained from the 
  Scions 
  = 
  No# 4. Box Specimens of plants numbered from 1 to 67. 
  = 
  Specimens of Plants numbered frome 1 to 60. 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     1 Earthen pot Such as the Mandans Manufacture and use for 
culinary purposes. 
@section 3 {tx}
  Box No 4 Continued 
  = 
  1 Tin box, containing insects mice &c# a Specimine of the fur of the 
  antelope. 
  = 
  a Specimon of a plant, and a parcel of its roots highly prized by the 
  natives as 
  = 
  an efficatious remidy in Cases of the bite of the rattle Snake or Mad Dog. 
  = 
  In a large Trunk 
  = 
  Skins of a Male and female Braro, or burrowing Dog of the Prarie, with the 
  Skeliton of the female. 
  = 
  1 Skin of the red fox Containing a Magpie. 
  = 
  2 Cased Skins of the white hare. 
  = 
  1 Minitarra Buffalow robe Containing Some articles of Indian Dress 
  = 
  1 Mandan Buffalow robe Containing a dressed Lousirva Skin, and 2 Cased 
  Skins of the Burrowing Squirel of the Praries. 
  = 
  13 red fox Skins 
  = 
  4 Horns of the Mountain Ram or big horn. 
  = 
  1 Buffalow robe painted by a mandan man representing a battle fought 8 
  years Since by the Sioux & Ricaras against the mandans, menitarras 
  & Ah wah bar ways (Mandans &c# on horseback) 
  = 
  Cage No# 6. 
  = 
  Contains a liveing burrowing Squirel of the praries 
  = 
  Cage No# 7. 
  = 
  Contains 4 liveing magpies 
  = 
  Cage No# 9. 
  = 
  Containing a liveing hen of the Prarie 
  = 
  a large par of Elks horns containing by the frontal bone ¬  
  = 
@section ??? {???}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0576-1805-04-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 4, 1805 
@section 3 {tx}
April the 4th 1805 Wednesday 
 a blustering windey Day the Clerks of the N W# Co. leave us we are 
arrangeing all things to Set out &c# 
@section 3 {tx}
   = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0577-1805-04-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  April the 5th 1805 Thursday we have our 2 perogues & Six Canoes loaded 
  with our Stores & provisions, principally provisions. the wind verry 
  high from the N W# a number of Mandans visit us to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0578-1805-04-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  April the 6th Friday Saturday 1805 a fine day visited by a number of 
  mandans, we are informed of the arrival of the whole of the ricarra nation 
  on the other Side of the river near their old village. we Sent an 
  interpreter to See with orders to return imediately and let us know if 
  their Chiefs ment to go down to See their great father. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0579-1805-04-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Fort Mandan April 7th 1805. Having on this day at 4 P#M# completed every 
  arrangement necessary for our departure, we dismissed the barge and crew 
  with orders to return without loss of time to S# Louis, a small canoe with 
  two French hunters accompanyed the barge; these men had assended the 
  missouri with us the last year as engages. The barge crew consisted of six 
  soldiers and two  ¿¿  Frenchmen; two Frenchmen and a Ricara Indian also 
  take their passage in her as far as the Ricara Vilages, at which place we 
  expect Mr# Tiebeau to embark with his peltry who in that case will make an 
  addition of two, perhaps four men to the crew of the barge. We gave 
  Richard Warfington, a discharged Corpl#, the charge of the Barge and crew, 
  and confided to his care likewise our dispatches to the government, 
  letters to our private friends, and a number of articles to the President 
  of the United States. One of the Frenchmen by the Name of Gravline an 
  honest discrete man and an excellent boat~man is imployed to conduct the 
  barge as a pilot; we have therefore every hope that the barge and with her 
  our dispatches will arrive safe at St# Louis. Mr# Gravlin who speaks the 
  Ricara language extreemly well, has been imployed to conduct a few of the 
  Recara Chiefs to the seat of government who have promised us to decend in 
  the barge to St# Liwis with that view. 
  = 
  At same moment that the Barge departed from Fort Mandan, Capt# Clark 
  embaked with our party and proceeded up the river. as I had used no 
  exercise for several weeks, I determined to walk on shore as far as our 
  encampment of this evening; accordingly I continued my walk on the N# side 
  of the River about six miles, to the upper Village of the Mandans, and 
  called on the Black Cat or Pose cop'se ha, the great chief of the Mandans; 
  he was not at home; I rested myself a minutes, and finding that the party 
  had not arrived I returned about 2 miles and joined them at their 
  encampment on the N# side of the river opposite the lower Mandan village. 
  Our party now consisted of the following Individuals. Sergts# John Ordway, 
  Nathaniel Prior, & Patric Gass; Privates, William Bratton, John 
  Colter, Reubin, and Joseph Fields, John Shields, George Gibson, George 
  Shannon, John Potts, John Collins, Joseph Whitehouse, Richard Windsor, 
  Alexander Willard, Hugh Hall, Silas Goodrich, Robert Frazier, Peter 
  Crouzatt, John Baptiest la Page, Francis Labiech, Hue McNeal, William 
  Werner, Thomas P# Howard, Peter Wiser, and John B# Thompson. 
  = 
  Interpreters, George Drewyer and Tauasant Charbono also a Black man by the 
  name of York, servant to Capt# Clark, an Indian Woman wife to Charbono 
  with a young child, and a Mandan man who had promised us to accompany us 
  as far as the Snake Indians with a view to bring about a good 
  understanding and friendly intercourse between that nation and his own, 
  the Minetares and Ahwahharways. 
  = 
  Our vessels consisted of six small canoes, and two large perogues. This 
  little fleet altho not quite so rispectable as those of Columbus or Capt# 
  Cook were still viewed by us with as much pleasure as those deservedly 
  famed adventurers ever beheld theirs; and I dare say with quite as much 
  anxiety for their safety and preservation. we were now about to penetrate 
  a country at least two thousand miles in width, on which the foot of 
  civillized man had never trodden; the good or evil it had in store for us 
  was for experiment yet to determine, and these little vessells contained 
  every article by which we were to expect to subsist or defend ourselves. 
  however as this the state of mind in which we are, generally gives the 
  colouring to events, when the immagination is suffered to wander into 
  futurity, the picture which now presented itself to me was a most pleasing 
  one. entertaing as I do, the most confident hope of succeading in a voyage 
  which had formed a darling project of mine for the last ten years, I could 
  but esteem this moment of my departure as among the most happy of my life. 
  The party are in excellent health and sperits, zealously attatched to the 
  enterprise, and anxious to proceed; not a whisper of murmur or discontent 
  to be heard among them, but all act in unison, and with the most perfect 
  harmony. I took an early supper this evening and went to bed. Capt# Clark 
  myself the two Interpretters and the woman and child sleep in a tent of 
  dressed skins. this tent is in the Indian stile, formed of a number of 
  dressed Buffaloe skins sewed together with sinues. it is cut in such 
  manner that when foalded double it forms the quarter of a circle, and is 
  left open at one side where it may be attatched or loosened at pleasure by 
  strings which are sewed to its sides to the purpose. to erect this tent, a 
  parsel of ten or twelve poles are provided, fore or five of which are 
  attatched together at one end, they are then elivated and their lower 
  extremities are spread in a circular manner to a width proportionate to 
  the demention of the lodge, in the same position orther poles are leant 
  against those, and the leather is then thrown over them forming a conic 
  figure. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0580-1805-04-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  7th of April Satturday 1805" a windey day, The Interpreter we Sent to the 
  Villages returned with Chief of the Ricara's & 3 men of that nation 
  this Chief informed us that he was Sent by his nation to Know the 
  despositions of the nations in this neighbourhood in respect to the 
  recara's Settleing near them, that he had not yet made those arrangements, 
  he request that we would Speek to the Assinniboins, & Crow Inds# in 
  their favour, that they wished to follow our directions and be at peace 
  with all, he viewed all nations in this quarter well disposed except the 
  Sioux. The wish of those recaras appears to be a junction with the Mandans 
  & Minetarras in a Defensive war with the Sioux who rob them of every 
  Spece of property in Such a manner that they Cannot live near them any 
  longer. I told this Chief we were glad to See him, and we viewed his 
  nation as the Dutifull Children of a Great father who would extend his 
  protection to all those who would open their ears to his good advice, we 
  had already Spoken to the Assinniboins, and Should Speeke to the Crow 
  Indians if we Should See them &c# as to the Sioux their Great father 
  would not let them have any more good Guns &c# would take Care to 
  prosu Such measurs as would provent those Sioux from Murding and taking 
  the property from his dutyfull red Children &c# ¬ we gave him a 
  certificate of his good Conduct & a Small Medal, a Carrot of Tobacco 
  and a String of Wompom ¬ he requested that one of his men who was lame 
  might decend in the boat to their nation and returned to the Mandans well 
  Satisfied 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The name of this Chief of War is Kah~kah, we to-Raven brave. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  This Cheif delivered us a letter from Mr# Taboe. informing us of the wish 
  of the Grand Chiefs of the Ricarras to visit their Great father and 
  requesting the privolage of put'g on board the boat 3000 w of Skins &c# 
  & adding 4 hands and himself to the party. this preposeal we Shall 
  agree to, as that addition will make the party in the boat 15 Strong and 
  more able to defend themselves from the Seoux &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0581-1805-04-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Mandan April 7th 1805" Sunday, at 4 oClock P M, the Boat, in which 
  was 6 Soldiers 2 frenchmen & an Indian, all under the command of a 
  corporal who had the charge of dispatches, &c# and a Canoe with 2 
  french men, Set out down the river for St# Louis. at the same time we Sout 
  out on our voyage up the river in 2 perogues and 6 canoes, and proceded on 
  to the 1st villg. of Mandans & Camped on the S# S# ¬ our party 
  consisting of Sergt# Nathaniel Pryor Sgt# John Ordway Sgt# Pat# Gass, 
  William Bratten, John Colter Joseph & Reubin Fields, John Shields 
  George Gibson George Shannon, John Potts, John Collins, Jos. Whitehouse, 
  Richard Windser, Alexander Willard, Hugh Hall, Silas Gutrich, Robert 
  Frazure, Peter Crouzat, John Baptiest la page, Francis Labich, Hugh 
  McNeal, William Werner, Thomas P# Howard, Peter Wiser, J# B# Thompson and 
  my Servent york, George Drewyer who acts as a hunter & interpreter, 
  Shabonah and his Indian Squar to act as an Interpreter & interpretress 
  for the snake Indians one Mandan & Shabonahs infant. Sah~kah~gar we a 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0582-1805-04-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  April 8th Set out early this morning, the wind blew hard against us from 
  the N# W# we therefore traveled very slowly. I walked on shore, and 
  visited the black Cat, took leave of him after smoking a pipe as is their 
  custom, and then proceeded on slowly by land about four miles where I 
  wated the arrival of the party, at 12 Oclock they came up and informed me 
  that one of the small canoes was behind in distress. Capt Clark returned 
  foud she had filled with water and all her loading wet. we lost half a bag 
  of hisquit, and about thirty pounds of powder by this accedent; the powder 
  we regard as a serious loss, but we spread it to dry immediately and hope 
  we shall still be enabled to restore the greater part of it. this was the 
  only powder we had which was not perfectly secure from geting wet. we took 
  dinner at this place, and then proceed on to oure encampment, which was on 
  the S# side opposite to a high bluff. the Mandan man came up after we had 
  encamped and brought with him a woman who was extreemly solicitous to 
  accompany one of the men of our party, this however we positively refused 
  to permit. 
  = 
  From the upper point on an island (being the point to which Capt# Clark 
  took his last course when he assended the river in surch of a place for 
  winter quarters 1st November last) to a point of wood land Stard side, 
  passing a high bluff on the Lard# N 40° W# 31/2 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0583-1805-04-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  8th of April Monday 1805 Set out verry early wind hard a head from the N# 
  W# proceeded on passed all the villages the inhabitents of which flocked 
  down in great numbers to view us, I took my leave of the great Chief of 
  the Mandans who gave me a par of excellent mockersons, one Canoe filed 
  with water every thing in her got wet. 2/3 of a barrel of powder lost by 
  this accedent. 
  = 
  Camped on the S# S# opsd# a high bluff an Indian joined us, also an Indian 
  woman with a view to accompany us, the woman was Sent back the man being 
  acquainted with the Countrey we allowed him to accompanie ns 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0584-1805-04-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 9th Set out as early as it was possible to see this morning 
  and proceed about five miles where we halted and took beakfas ¬ the 
  Indian man who had promised us to accompany us as far as the Snake 
  Indians, now informed us of his intention to relinquish the journey, and 
  accordingly returned to his village. we saw a great number of brant 
  passing up the river, some of them were white, except the large feathers 
  in the first and second joint of the wing which are black. there is no 
  other difference between them and the common gray brant but that of their 
  colour ¬ their note and habits are the same, and they are freequently 
  seen to associate together. I have not yet positively determined whether 
  they are the same, or a different species. Capt Clark walked on 
  shore to~day and informed me on his return, that passing through the 
  prarie he had seen an anamal that precisely resembled the burrowing 
  squrril, accept in point of size, it being only about one third as large 
  as the squirrel, and that it also burrows. I have observed in many parts 
  of the plains and praries the work of an anamal of which I could never 
  obtain a view. their work resembles that of the salamander common to the 
  sand hills of the States of South Carolina and Georgia; and like that 
  anamal also it never appears above the ground. the little hillocks which 
  are thrown up by these anamals have much the appearance of ten or twelve 
  pounds of loose earth poared out of a vessel on the surface of the plain. 
  in the state they leave them you can discover no whole through which they 
  throw out this earth; but by removing the loose earth gently you may 
  discover that the soil has been broken in a circle manner for about an 
  inch and a half in diameter, where it appears looser than the adjacent 
  surface, and is certainly the place through which the earth has been 
  thrown out, tho the operation is performed without leaving any visible 
  aperture. the Bluffs of the river which we passed today were upwards 
  of a hundred feet high, formed of a mixture of yellow clay and sand ¬ many 
  horizontal stratas of carbonated wood, having every appearance of pitcoal 
  at a distance; were seen in the the face of these bluffs. these stratas 
  are of unequal thicknesses from I to 5 feet, and appear at different 
  elivations above the water some of them as much as eighty feet. the hills 
  of the river are very broken and many of them have the apearance of having 
  been on fire at some former period. considerable quantities of pumice 
  stone and lava appear in many parts of these hills where they are broken 
  and washed down by the rain and melting snow. when we halted for dinner 
  the squaw busied herself in serching for the wild artichokes which the 
  mice collect and deposit in large hoards. this operation she performed by 
  penetrating the earth with a sharp stick about some small collections of 
  drift wood. her labour soon proved successful, and she procurrd a good 
  quantity of these roots. the flavor of this root resembles that of the 
  Jerusalem Artichoke, and the stalk of the weed which produces it is also 
  similar, tho both the root and stalk are much smaller than the Jarusalem 
  Artichoke. the root is white and of an ovate form, from one to three 
  inches in length and usually about the size of a man's finger. one stalk 
  produces from two to four, and somitimes six of these roots. 
  = 
  at the distance of 6 miles passed a large wintering or hunting camp of the 
  Minetares on the Stard# side. these lodges about thirty in number are 
  built of earth and timber in their usual stile. 21/4 miles higher we 
  passed the entrance of Miry Creek, which discharges itself on the Stard# 
  side. this creek is but small, takes it's rise in some small lakes near 
  the Mouse river and passes in it's course to the Missouri, through 
  beatifull, level, and fertile plains, intirely destitute of timber. Three 
  miles above the mouth of this creek we passed a hunting camp of Minetares 
  who had prepared a park and were wating the return of the Antelope; which 
  usually pass the Missouri at this season of the year from the Black hills 
  on the South side, to the open plains on the north side of the river; in 
  like manner the Antelope repasses the Missouri from N# to South in the 
  latter end of Autumn, and winter in the black hills, where there is 
  considerable bodies of woodland. we proceed on 111/2 miles further and 
  encamped on the N# side in a most beatifull high extensive open bottom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0585-1805-04-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  9th of April Tuesday 1805. Set out this morning verry early under a gentle 
  breeze from the S# E# at Brackfast the Indian deturmined to return to his 
  nation. I saw a Musquetor to day great numbers of Brant flying up the 
  river, the Maple, & Elm has buded & Cotton and arrow wood 
  beginning to bud. I saw in the prarie an animal resembling the Prarie dog 
  or Barking Squirel & burrow in the Same way, this animal was about 1/3 
  as large as the barking Squirel. But fiew resident birds or water fowls 
  which I have Seen as yet at 6 miles passed an old hunting camp of 
  Menitarrees on the S# S# 21/2 miles higher passed the mouth of Miry Creek 
  on the S# S# passed a hunting Camp of Minetarees on the S# S# waiting the 
  return of the Antilope, Saw Great numbers of Gees feedin in the Praries on 
  the young grass, I saw flowers in the praries to day, juniper grows on the 
  Sides of the hills, & runs on the ground all the hills have more or 
  Less indefferent Coal in Stratias at different bites from the waters edge 
  to 80 feet. those Stratias from 1 inch to 5 feet thick. we Campd# on the 
  S# S# above some rocks makeing out in the river in a butifull ellivated 
  plain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0586-1805-04-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 10th 1805. Set out at an early hour this morning at the 
  distance of three miles passed some Minetares who had assembled themselves 
  on the Lard shore to take a view of our little fleet. Capt Clark walked on 
  shore today, for several hours, when he returned he informed me that he 
  had seen a gang of Antelopes in the plains but was unable to get a shoot 
  at them he also saw some geese and swan. the geese are now feeding in 
  considerable numbers on the young grass which has sprung up in the bottom 
  prariesthe Musquetoes were very troublesome to us today. The country on 
  both sides of the missouri from the tops of the river hills, is one 
  continued level fertile plain as far as the eye can reach, in which there 
  is not even a solitary tree or shrub to be seen except such as from their 
  moist situations or the steep declivities of hills are sheltered from the 
  ravages of the fire. at the distance of 12 miles from our encampment of 
  last night we arrived at the lower point of a bluff on the Lard side; 
  about 11/2 miles down this bluff from this point, the bluff is now on fire 
  and throws out considerable quantities of smoke which has a strong 
  sulphurious smell. the appearance of the coal in the blufs continues as 
  yesterday. at 1 P#M# we overtook three french hunters who had set out a 
  few days before us with a view of traping beaver; they had taken 12 since 
  they left Fort Mandan. these people avail themselves of the protection 
  which our numbers will enable us to give them against the Assinniboins who 
  sometimes hunt on the Missouri and intend ascending with us as far as the 
  mouth of the Yellow stone river and continue there hunt up that river. 
  this is the first essay of a beaver hunter of any discription on this 
  river. the beaver these people have already taken is by far the best I 
  have ever seen. the river bottoms we have passed to~day are wider and 
  possess more timber than usualthe courant of the Missouri is but moderate, 
  at least not greater than that of the Ohio in high tide; it's banks are 
  falling in but little; the navigation is therefore comparitively with it's 
  lower portion easy and safe. we encamped this evening on a willow 
  point, Stard# side just above a remarkable bend in the river to the S# W# 
  which we called the little bason. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0587-1805-04-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  10th of April Wednesday 1805 Set out verry early. the morning cool and no 
  wind proceeded on passed a camp of Inds# on the L# S# this day proved to 
  be verry worm, the Misquetors troublesom. I Saw Several Antilope on the S# 
  S# also gees & Swan, we over took 3 french men Trappers The countrey 
  to day as usial except that the points of Timber is larger than below, the 
  Coal Continue to day, one man Saw a hill on fire at no great distance from 
  the river, we camped on the S# S# just above a remarkable bend in the 
  river to the S W, which we call the little bacon. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0588-1805-04-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 11th Set out at an early hour; I proceeded with the party 
  and Capt Clark with George Drewyer walked on shore in order to procure 
  some fresh meat if possible. we proceeded on abot five miles, and halted 
  for breakfast, when Capt Clark and Drewyer joined us; the latter had 
  killed, and brought with him a deer which was at this moment excepable as 
  we had had no fresh meat for several days. the country from fort Mandan to 
  this place is so constantly hunted by the Minetaries that there is but 
  little game we halted at two P#M# and made a comfortable dinner on a 
  venison stake and beavers tales with the bisquit which got wet on the 8th 
  inst. by the accidant of the canoe filling with water before mentioned. 
  the powder which got wet by the same accedent, and which we had spread to 
  dry on the baggage of the large perogue, was now examined and put up; it 
  appears to be almost restored, and our loss is therefore not so great as 
  we had at first apprehended. the country much the same as yesterday. 
  on the sides of the hills and even the banks of the rivers and sandbars, 
  there is a white substance that appears in considerable quantities on the 
  surface of the earth, which tastes like a mixture of common salt and 
  glauber salts. many of the springs which flow from the base of the river 
  hills are so strongly impregnated with this substance that the water is 
  extreemly unpleasant to the taste and has a purgative effect. saw 
  some large white cranes pass up the river ¬  these are the largest bird of 
  that genus common to the country through which the Missouri and 
  Mississippi pass. they are perfectly white except the large feathers of 
  the two first joints of the wing which are black. we encamped this evening 
  on the Stard# shore just above the point of woodland which formed to 
  extremity of the last course of this day. there is a high bluff opposite 
  to us, under which we saw some Indians, but the river is here so wide that 
  we could not speake to them; suppose them to be a hunting party of 
  Minetares. we killed two gees today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0589-1805-04-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  11th of April Thursday 1805 Set out verry early I walked on Shore, Saw 
  fresh bear tracks, one deer & 2 beaver killed this morning in the 
  after part of the day killed two gees; Saw great numbers of Gees Brant 
  & Mallard Some White Cranes Swan & guls, the plains begin to have 
  a green appearance, the hills on either side are from 5 to 7 miles asunder 
  and in maney places have been burnt, appearing at a distance of a redish 
  brown choler, containing Pumic Stone & lava, Some of which rolin down 
  to the base of those hills ¬ In maney of those hills forming bluffs to 
  the river we procieve Several Stratums of bituminious Substance which 
  resembles Coal; thong Some of the pieces appear to be excellent Coal it 
  resists the fire for Some time, and consumes without emiting much flaim. 
  = 
  The plains are high and rich Some of them are Sandy Containing Small 
  pebble, and on Some of the hill Sides large Stones are to be Seen ¬ In 
  the evening late we observed a party of Me ne tar ras on the L# S# with 
  horses and dogs loaded going down, those are a part of the Menetarras who 
  camped a little above this with the Ossinniboins at the mouth of the 
  little Missouri all the latter part of the winter we Camped on the S# S# 
  below a falling in bank. the river raise a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0590-1805-04-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April the 12th 1805. Set out at an early hour. our peroge and the 
  Canoes passed over to the Lard side in order to avoid a bank which was 
  rappidly falling in on the Stard# the red perogue contrary to my 
  expectation or wish passed under this bank by means of her toe line where 
  I expected to have seen her carried under every instant. I did not 
  discover that she was about to make this attempt untill it was too late 
  for the men to reembark, and retreating is more dangerous than proceeding 
  in such cases; they therefore continued their passage up this bank, and 
  much to my satisfaction arrived safe above it. this cost me some moments 
  of uneasiness, her cargo was of much importance to us in our present 
  advanced situation ¬ We proceeded on six miles and came too on the 
  lower side of the entrance of the little Missouri on the Lard shore in a 
  fine plain where we determined to spend the day for the purpose of 
  celestial observation. we sent out 10 hunters to procure some fresh meat. 
  at this place made the following observations. 
  = 
  The night proved so cloudy that I could make no further observations. 
  George Drewyer shot a Beaver this morning, which we found swiming in the 
  river a small distance below the entrance of the little Missouri. the 
  beaver being seen in the day, is a proof that they have been but little 
  hunted, as they always keep themselves closly concealed during the day 
  where they are so. found a great quantity of small onions in the 
  plain where we encamped; had some of them collected and cooked, found them 
  agreeable. the bulb grows single, is of an oval form, white, and about the 
  size of a small bullet; the leaf resembles that of the shive, and the 
  hunters returned this eying with one deer only. the country about the 
  mouth of this river had been recently hunted by the Minetares, and the 
  little game which they had not killed and frightened away, was so 
  extreemly shy that the hunters could not get in shoot of them. 
  = 
  The little Missouri disembogues on the S# side of the Missouri 1693 miles 
  from the confluence of the latter with the Mississippi. it is 134 yards 
  wide at it's mouth, and sets in with a bould current but it's greatest 
  debth is not more than 21/2 feet. it's navigation is extreemly difficult, 
  owing to it's rapidity, shoals and sand bars. it may however be navigated 
  with small canoes a considerable distance. this river passes through the 
  Northern extremity of the black hills where it is very narrow and rapid 
  and it's banks high an perpendicular. it takes it's rise in a broken 
  country West of the Black hills with the waters of the yellow stone river, 
  and a considerable distance S# W# of the point at which it passes the 
  black hills. the country through which it passes is generally broken and 
  the highlands possess but little timber. there is some timber in it's 
  bottom lands, which consists of Cottonwood red Elm, with a small 
  proportion of small Ash and box alder. the under brush is willow, red 
  wood, (sometimes called red or swamp willow) the red burry, and Choke 
  cherry the country is extreamly broken about the mouth of this river, and 
  as far up on both sides, as we could observe it from the tops of some 
  elivated hills, which stand betwen these two rivers, about 3 miles from 
  their junction. the soil appears fertile and deep, it consists generally 
  of a dark rich loam intermixed with a small proportion of fine sand. this 
  river in it's course passed near the N# W# side of the turtle mountain, 
  which is said to be no more than 4 or 5 leagues distant from it's entrance 
  in a straight direction, a little to the S# of West. this mountain 
  and the knife river have therefore been laid down too far S# W# the colour 
  of the water, the bed of the river, and it's appearance in every respect, 
  resembles the Missouri; I am therefore induced to believe that the texture 
  of the soil of the country in which it takes it's rise, and that through 
  which it passes, is similar to the country through which the Missouri 
  passes after leaving the woody country, or such as we are now in. on 
  the side of a hill not distant from our camp I found some of the dwarf 
  cedar of which I preserved a specimen (See No# 2). this plant spreads it's 
  limbs alonge the surface of the earth, where they are sometimes covered, 
  and always put forth a number of roots on the under side, while on the 
  upper there are a great number of small shoots which with their leaves 
  seldom rise higher than 6 or eight inches. they grow so close as perfectly 
  to conceal the eath. it is an evergreen; the leaf is much more delicate 
  than the common Cedar, and it's taste and smell the same. I have often 
  thought that this plant would make very handsome edgings to the borders 
  and walks of a garden; it is quite as handsom as box, and would be much 
  more easily propegated. the appearance of the glauber salts and 
  Carbonated wood still continue. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0591-1805-04-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  12th April Friday 1805 a fine morning Set out verry early, the murcery 
  Stood 56° above 0. proceeded on to the mouth of the Little Missouri river 
  and formed a Camp in a butifull elivated plain on the lower Side for the 
  purpose of takeing Some observations to fix the Latitude & Longitude 
  of this river. this river falls in on the L# Side and is 134 yards wide 
  and 2 feet 6 Inches deep at the mouth, it takes its rise in the N W 
  extremity of the black mountains, and through a broken countrey in its 
  whole course washing the N W base of the Turtle Mountain which is Situated 
  about 6 Leagues S W of its mouth, one of our men Baptiest who came down 
  this river in a canoe informs me that it is not navagable, he was 45 days 
  descending. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  One of our men Shot a beaver Swimming below the mouth of this river. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  I walked out on the lower Side of this river and found the countrey hilley 
  the Soil composed of black mole & a Small perportion of Sand 
  containing great quantity of Small peable Some limestone, black flint, 
  & Sand Stone I killed a Hare Changeing its Colour Some parts retaining 
  its long white fur & other parts assumeing the Short grey, I Saw the 
  Magpie in pars, flocks of Grouse, the old field lark & Crows, & 
  observed the leaf of the wild Chery half grown, many flowers are to be 
  seen in the plains, remains of Minetarra & Ossinneboin hunting Camps 
  are to be Seen on each Side of the two Missouris 
  = 
  The wind blew verry hard from the S# all the after part of the day, at 3 
  oClock P M# it became violent & flowey accompanied with thunder and a 
  little rain. We examined our canoes &c found Several mice which had 
  already commenced cutting our bags of corn & parched meal, the water 
  of the little Missouri is of the Same texture Colour & quallity of 
  that of the Big Missouri the after part of the day so Cloudy that we lost 
  the evening observation. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0592-1805-04-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 13th Being disappointed in my observations of yesterday for 
  Longitude, I was unwilling to remain at the entrance of the river another 
  day for that purpose, and therefore determined to set out early this 
  morning; which we did accordingly; the wind was in our favour after 9 A#M# 
  and continued favourable untill three 3 P#M# we therefore hoisted both the 
  sails in the White Perogue, consisting of a small squar sail, and 
  spritsail, which carried her at a pretty good gate, untill about 2 in the 
  afternoon when a suddon squall of wind struck us and turned the perogue so 
  much on the side as to allarm Sharbono who was steering at the time, in 
  this state of alarm he threw the perogue with her side to the wind, when 
  the spritsail gibing was as near overseting the perogue as it was possible 
  to have missed. the wind however abating for an instant I ordered Drewyer 
  to the helm and the sails to be taken in, which was instant executed and 
  the perogue being steered before the wind was agin placed in a state of 
  security. this accedent was very near costing us dearly. beleiving this 
  vessell to be the most steady and safe, we had embarked on board of it our 
  instruments, Papers, medicine and the most valuable part of the 
  merchandize which we had still in reserve as presents for the Indians. we 
  had also embarked on board ourselves, with three men who could not swim 
  and the squaw with the young child, all of whom, had the perogue overset, 
  would most probably have perished, as the waves were high, and the perogue 
  upwards of 200 yards from the nearest shore; however we fortunately 
  escaped and pursued our journey under the square sail, which shortly after 
  the accident I directed to be again hoisted. our party caught three beaver 
  last evening; and the French hunters 7. as there was much appearance of 
  beaver just above the entrance of the little Missouri these hunters 
  concluded to remain some days; we therefore left them without the 
  expectation of seeing them again. just above the entrance of the 
  Little Missouri the great Missouri is upwards of a mile in width, tho 
  immediately at the entrance of the former it is not more than 200 yards 
  wide and so shallow that the canoes passed it with seting poles. at the 
  distance of nine miles passed the mouth of a creek on the Stard# side 
  which we called onion creek from the quantity of wild onions which grow in 
  the plains on it's borders. Capt# Clark who was on shore informed me that 
  this creek was 16 yards wide a mile & a half above it's entrance, 
  discharges more water than creeks of it's size usually do in this open 
  country, and that there was not a stick of timber of any discription to be 
  seen on it's borders, or the level plain country through which it passes. 
  at the distance of 10 miles further we passed the mouth of a large creek; 
  discharging itself in the center of a deep bend. of this creek and the 
  neighbouring country, Capt Clark who was on shore gave me the following 
  discription "This creek I took to be a small river from it's size, and the 
  quantity of water which it discharged. I ascended it 11/2 miles, and found 
  it the discharge of a pond or small lake, which had the appearance of 
  having formerly been the bed of the Missouri. several small streems 
  discharge themselves into this lake. the country on both sides consists of 
  beautifull level and elivated plains; asscending as they recede from the 
  Missouri; there were a great number of Swan and gees in this lake and near 
  it's borders I saw the remains of 43 temperary Indian lodges, which I 
  presume were those of the Assinniboins who are now in the neighbourhood of 
  the British establishments on the Assinniboin river ¬ " This lake and it's 
  discharge we call Boos Egg from the circumstance of Capt Clark shooting a 
  goose while on her nest in the top of a lofty cotton wood tree, from which 
  we afterwards took one egg. the wild gees frequently build their nests in 
  this manner, at least we have already found several in trees, nor have we 
  as yet seen any on the ground, or sand bars where I had supposed from 
  previous information that they most commonly deposited their eggs. saw 
  some Bufhaloe and Elk at a distance today but killed none of them. we 
  found a number of carcases of the Buffaloe lying along shore, which had 
  been drowned by falling through the ice in winter and lodged on shore by 
  the high water when the river broke up about the first of this month. we 
  saw also many tracks of the white bear of enormous size, along the river 
  shore and about the carcases of the Buffaloe, on which I presume they 
  feed. we have not as yet seen one of these anamals, tho their tracks are 
  so abundant and recent. the men as well as ourselves are anxious to meet 
  with some of these bear. the Indians give a very formidable account of the 
  strengh and ferocity of this anamal, which they never dare to attack but 
  in parties of six eight or ten persons; and are even then frequently 
  defeated with the loss of one or more of their party. the savages attack 
  this anamal with their bows and arrows and the indifferent guns with which 
  the traders furnish them, with these they shoot with such uncertainty and 
  at so short a distance, that they frequently mis their aim & fall a 
  sacrefice to the bear. two Minetaries were killed during the last winter 
  in an attack on a white bear. this anamall is said more frequently to 
  attack a man on meeting with him, than to flee from him. When the Indians 
  are about to go in quest of the white bear, previous to their departure, 
  they paint themselves and perform all those superstitious rights commonly 
  observed when they are about to make war uppon a neighbouring nation. 
  Oserved more bald eagles on this part of the Missouri than we have 
  previously seen saw the small hawk, frequently called the sparrow hawk, 
  which is common to most parts of the U States. great quantities of gees 
  are seen feeding in the praries. saw a large flock of white brant or gees 
  with black wings pass up the river; there were a number of gray brant with 
  them; from their flight I presume they proceed much further still to the 
  N# W# ¬ we have never been enabled yet to shoot one of these birds, 
  and cannot therefore determine whether the gray brant found with the white 
  are their brude of the last year or whether they are the same with the 
  grey brant common to the Mississippi and lower part of the Missouri. we 
  killed 2 Antelopes today which we found swiming from the S# to the N# side 
  of the river; they were very poor. We encamped this evening on the 
  Stard# shore in a beautiful) plain, elivated about 30 feet above the 
  river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0593-1805-04-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of April Satturday 1805 Set out this morning at 6 oClock, the 
  Missouri above the mouth of Little Missouri widens to nearly a mile 
  containing a number of Sand bars this width &c# of the River Continues 
  Generally as high as the Rochejhone River. 
  = 
  Cought 3 beaver this morning, at 9 miles passd# the mouth of a Creek on 
  the S# S# on the banks of which there is an imence quantity of wild onions 
  or garlick, I was up this Creek 1/2 a m# and could not See one Stick of 
  timber of any kind on its borders, this creek is 16 yds wide 1/2 a mile up 
  it and discharges more water than is common for Creeks of its Size. at 
  about 10 miles higher we pass a Creek about 30 yards wide in a deep bend 
  to the N W# This creek I took to be a Small river from its Size & the 
  quantity of water which it discharged, I ascended it 11/2 mes and found it 
  the discharge of a pond or Small Lake which has appearance of haveing been 
  once the bead of the river, Some Small Streams discharge themselves into 
  this Lake. the Countery on both Side is butifull elevated plains assending 
  in Some parts to a great distance near the aforesaid Lake (which we call 
  Goose egg L from a Circumstance of my Shooting a goose on her neast on 
  Some Sticks in the top of a high Cotton wood tree in which there was one 
  egg) We Saw 8 buffalow at a distance, We also Saw Several herds of Elk at 
  a distance which were verry wild, I Saw near the Lake the remains of 43 
  lodges, which has latterly been abandond I Suppose them to have been 
  Ossinniboins and now near the british establishments on the Ossinniboin 
  River tradeing. we camped on the S# S# in a butifull Plain. I observe more 
  bald Eagles on this part of the Missouri than usial also a Small Hawk 
  Killed 2 Antelopes in the river to day emence numbers of Geese to be seen 
  pared &c# a Gange of brant pass one half of the gange white with black 
  wings or the large feathers of the 1 s & 2d joint the remds. of the 
  comn. color. a voice much like that of a goos & finer &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0594-1805-04-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 14, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 14th 1805. One of the hunters saw an Otter last evening and 
  shot at it, but missed it. a dog came to us this morning, which we 
  supposed to have been lost by the Indians who were recently encamped near 
  the lake that we passed yesterday. the mineral appearances of salts, coal 
  and sulpher, together with birnt hills & pumicestone still continue. while 
  we remained at the entrance of the little Missouri, we saw several pieces 
  of pumice stone floating down that stream, a considerable quanty of which 
  had lodged against a point of drift wood a little above it's entrance. 
  Capt# Clark walked on shore this morning, and on his return informed me 
  that he had passed through the timbered bottoms on the N# side of the 
  river, and had extended his walk several miles back on the hills; in the 
  bottom lands he had met with several uninhabited Indian lodges built with 
  the boughs of the Elm, and in the plains he met with the remains of two 
  large encampments of a recent date, which from the appearance of some 
  hoops of small kegs, seen near them we concluded that they must have been 
  the camps of the Assinniboins, as no other nation who visit this part of 
  the missouri ever indulge themselves with spirituous liquor. of this 
  article the Assinniboins are pationately fond, and we are informed that it 
  forms their principal inducement to furnish the British establishments on 
  the Assinniboin river with the dryed and pounded meat and grease which 
  they do. they also supply those establishments with a small quantity of 
  fur, consisting principally of the large and small wolves and the small 
  fox skins. these they barter for small kegs of ruin which they generally 
  transport to their camps at a distance from the establishments, where they 
  revel with their friends and relations as long as they possess the means 
  of intoxication, their women and children are equally indulged on those 
  occations and are all seen drunk together. so far is a state of 
  intoxication from being a cause of reproach among them, that with the men, 
  it is a matter of exultation that their skill and industry as hunters has 
  enabled them to get drunk frequently. in their customs, habits, and 
  dispositions these people very much resemble the Siouxs from whom they 
  have descended. The principal inducement with the British fur companies, 
  for continuing their establishments on the Assinniboin river, is the 
  Buffaloe meat and grease they procure from the Assinniboins, and 
  Christanoes, by means of which, they are enabled to supply provision to 
  their engages on their return from rainy Lake to the English river and the 
  Athabaskey country where they winter; without such resource those voyagers 
  would frequently be straitened for provision, as the country through which 
  they pass is but scantily supplyed with game, and the rappidity with which 
  they are compelled to travel in order to reach their winter stations, 
  would leave therm but little leasure to surch for food while on their 
  voyage. 
  = 
  The Assinniboins have so recently left this neighbourhood, that the game 
  is scarce and very shy. the river continues wide, and not more rapid than 
  the Ohio in an averge state of it's current. the bottoms are wide and low, 
  the moister parts containing some timber; the upland is extreemly broken, 
  chonsisting of high gaulded nobs as far as the eye can reach on ether 
  side, and entirely destitute of timber. on these hills many aromatic herbs 
  are seen; resembling in taste, smel and appearance, the sage, hysop, 
  wormwood, southernwood and two other herbs which are strangers to me; the 
  one resembling the camphor in taste and smell, rising to the hight of 2 or 
  3 feet; the other about the same size, has a long, narrow, smooth, soft 
  leaf of an agreeable smel and flavor; of this last the Atelope is very 
  fond; they feed on it, and perfume the hair of their foreheads and necks 
  with it by rubing against it. the dwarf cedar and juniper is also found in 
  great abundance on the sides of these hills. where the land is level, it 
  is uniformly fertile consisting of a dark loam intermixed with a 
  proportion of fine sand. it is generally covered with a short grass 
  resembling very much the blue grass. the miniral appearances still 
  continue; considerable quantities of bitumenous water, about the colour of 
  strong lye trickles down the sides of the hills; this water partakes of 
  the taste of glauber salts and slightly of allumn. while the party 
  halted to take dinner today Capt Clark killed a buffaloe bull; it was 
  meagre, and we therefore took the marrow bones and a small proportion of 
  the meat only. near the place we dined on the Lard# side, there was a 
  large village of burrowing squirrels. I have remarked that these anamals 
  generally celect a South Easterly exposure for their residence, tho they 
  are sometimes found in the level plains. passed an Island, above 
  which two small creeks fall in on Lard side; the upper creek largest, 
  which we called Sharbono's Creek after our interpreter who encamped 
  several weeks on it with a hunting party of Indians. this was the highest 
  point to which any whiteman had ever ascended; except two Frenchmen who 
  having lost their way had straggled a few miles further, tho to what place 
  precisely I could not learn. I walked on shore above this creek and 
  killed an Elk, which was so poor that it was unfit for uce; I therefore 
  left it, and joined the party at their encampment on the Stard shore a 
  little after dark. on my arrival Capt Clark informed me that he had seen 
  two white bear pass over the hills shortly after I fired, and that they 
  appeared to run nearly from the place where I shot. the lard. shore on 
  which I walked was very broken, and the hills in many places had the 
  appearance of having sliped down in masses of several acres of land in 
  surface. we saw many gees feeding on the tender grass in the praries 
  and several of their nests in the trees; we have not in a single instance 
  found the nest of this bird on or near the ground. we saw a number of 
  Magpies their nests and eggs. their nests are built in trees and composed 
  of small sticks leaves and grass, open at top, and much in the stile of 
  the large blackbird comm to the U States. the egg is of a bluish brown 
  colour, freckled with redish brown spots. one of the party killed a large 
  hooting owl. I observed no difference between this burd and those of the 
  same family common to the U States, except that this appeared to be more 
  booted and more thickly clad with feathers. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0595-1805-04-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of April Sunday 1805. a fine morning, a dog came to us this morning 
  we Suppose him to be left by the Inds# who had their camps near the Lake 
  we passd# yesterday not long Sence, I observed Several Single Lodges built 
  of Stiks of cotten timber in different parts of the bottoms. in my walk of 
  this day which was through the wooded bottoms and on the hills for several 
  miles back from the river on the S# S# I Saw the remains of two Indian 
  incampments with wide beeten tracks leading to them. those were no doubt 
  the Camps of the Ossinnaboin Indians (a Strong evidence is hoops of Small 
  Kegs were found in the incampments) no other nation on the river above the 
  Sioux make use of Spiritious licquer, the Ossinniboins is said to be 
  pasionately fond of Licquer, and is the principal inducement to their 
  putting themselves to the trouble of Catching the fiew wolves and foxes 
  which they furnish, and recive their liquor always in small Kegs. The 
  Ossinniboins make use of the Same kind of Lodges which the Sioux and other 
  Indians on this river make use of ¬ Those lodges or tents are made of 
  a number of dressed buffalow Skins Sowed together with Sinues & 
  deckerated with the tales, & Porcupine quils, when open it forms a 
  half circle with a part about 4 Inches wide projecting about 8 or 9 Inches 
  from the center of the Streight Side for the purpose of attaching it to a 
  pole to it the hight they wish to raise the tent, when they errect this 
  tent four poles of equal length are tied near one end, those poles are 
  elevated and 8 10 or 12 other poles are anexed forming a Circle at the 
  ground and lodging in the forks of the four attached poles, the tents are 
  then raised, by attach the projecting part to a pole and incumpassing the 
  poles with the tent by bringing the two ends together and attached with a 
  Cord, or laied as high as is necessary, leaveing the lower part open for 
  about 4 feet for to pass in & out, and the top is generally left open 
  to admit the Smoke to pass ¬ The Borders of the river has been So much 
  hunted by those Indians who must have left it about 8 or 10 days past and 
  I prosume are now in the neighbourhood of British establishments on the 
  Osinniboin; the game is Scerce and verry wild. The River Continues wide 
  and the current jentle not more rapid than the Current of the Ohio in 
  middle State ¬ The bottoms are wide and low and the moist parts of 
  them Contain Som wood such as cotton Elm & Small ash, willow rose 
  bushes &c# &c# &#. next to the hills Great quantity of wild 
  Isoop, the hills are high broken in every direction, and the mineral 
  appearance of Salts Continue to appear in a greater perportion, also 
  Sulpher, Coal & bitumous water in a Smaller quantity, I have observed 
  but five burnt hills, about the little Missouri, and I have not Seen any 
  pumey stone above that River I Saw Buffalow on the L# S# Crossed and 
  dureing the time of dinner killed a Bull, which was pore, we made use of 
  the best of it, I Saw a village of Burrowing dogs on the L# S# passed a 
  Island above which two Small Creeks falls in on the L# S# the upper of 
  which is the largest and we call Shabonas Creek after our interpreter who 
  incamped several weeks on this Creek and is the highest point on the 
  Missouri to which a white man has been previous to this time. Capt# Lewis 
  walked out above this creek and killed an Elk which he found So meager 
  that it was not fit for use, and joined the boat at Dusk at our Camp on 
  the S# S# opposit a high hill Several parts of which had Sliped down. on 
  the Side of those hills we Saw two white bear running from the report of 
  Capt# Lewis Shot, those animals assended those Steep hills with Supprising 
  ease & verlocity. they were too far to discover their prosise Colour 
  & Size ¬ Saw Several gees nests on trees, also the nests & egs 
  of the Magpies, a large grey owl killed, booted & with ears &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0596-1805-04-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 15, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 15th 1805. Set out at an early hour this morning. I walked on 
  shore, and Capt# Clark continued with the party it being an invariable 
  rule with us not to be both absent from our vessels at the same time. I 
  passed through the bottoms of the river on the Stard# side. they were 
  partially covered with timber & were extensive, level and beatifull. 
  in my walk which was about 6 miles I passed a small rivulet of clear water 
  making down from the hills, which on tasting, I discovered to be in a 
  small degree brackish. it possessed less of the glauber salt, or alumn, 
  than those little streams from the hills usually do. in a little 
  pond of water fromed by this rivulet where it entered the bottom, I heard 
  the frogs crying for the first time this season; their note was the same 
  with that of the small frogs which are common to the lagoons and swamps of 
  the U States. I saw great quantities of gees feeding in the bottoms, 
  of which I shot one. saw some deer and Elk, but they were remarkably shy. 
  I also met with great numbers of Grouse or prarie hens as they are called 
  by the English traders of the N# W# these birds appeared to be mating; the 
  note of the male is kuck, kuck, kuck, coo, coo, coo. the first part of the 
  note both male and female use when flying. the male also dubbs something 
  like the pheasant, but by no means as loud. after breakfast Capt# Clark 
  walked on the Std# shore, and on his return in the evening gave me the 
  following account of his ramble. "I ascended to the high country, about 9 
  miles distant from the Missouri. the country consists of beatifull, level 
  and fertile plains, destitute of timber I saw many little dranes, which 
  took their rise in the river hills, from whence as far as I could see they 
  run to the N# E#" these streams we suppose to be the waters of Mous river 
  a branch of the Assinniboin which the Indians informed us approaches the 
  Missouri very nearly, about this point. "I passed," continued he, "a Creek 
  about 20 yards wide," which falls into the Missouri; the bottoms of this 
  creek are wide level and extreemly fertile, but almost entirely destitute 
  of timber. the water of this creek as well as all those creeks and 
  rivulets which we have passed since we left Fort Mandan was so strongly 
  impregnated with salts and other miniral substances that I was incapable 
  of drinking it. I saw the remains of several camps of the Assinniboins; 
  near one of which, in a small ravene, there was a park which they had 
  formed of timber and brush, for the purpose of taking the Cabrie or 
  Antelope. it was constructed in the following manner. a strong pound was 
  first made of timbers, on one side of which there was a small apparture, 
  sufficiently large to admit an Antelope; from each side of this apparture, 
  a curtain was extended to a considerable distance, widening as they 
  receded from the pound. we passed a rock this evening standing in 
  the middle of the river, and the bed of the river was formed principally 
  of gravel. we encamped this evening on a sand point on Lard# side. a 
  little above our encampment the river was confined to a channel of 80 
  yards in width. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0597-1805-04-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  15th of April Monday 1805 Set out at an early hour, Captn Lewis walked on 
  Shore and Killed a goose, passed a Island in a bend to the L# S# the wind 
  hard from the S# E# after brackfast I walked on Shore and assended to the 
  high Countrey on the S# S# and off from the Missouri about three miles the 
  countrey is butifull open fertile plain the dreans take theer rise near 
  the Clifts of the river and run from the river in a N E derection as far 
  as I could See, this is the part of the River which Mouse river the waters 
  of Lake Winnipec approaches within a fiew miles of Missouri, and I believe 
  those dreans lead into that river. we passed a creek about 20 yds# wide on 
  the S# S# the bottoms of this Creek is extensive & fertile, the water 
  of this as also, all the Streams which head a fiew miles in the hills 
  discharge water which is black & unfit for use (and can Safely Say 
  that I have not Seen one drop of water fit for use above fort Mandan 
  except Knife and the little Missouris Rivers and the Missouri, the other 
  Streams being So much impregnated with mineral as to be verry disagreeble 
  in its present State.) I saw the remains of Several Camps of ossinniboins, 
  near one of those camps & at no great distance from the mouth of the 
  aforesid Creek, in a hollow, I saw a large Strong pen made for the purpose 
  of Catching the antelope, with wings projecting from it widining from the 
  pen 
  = 
  Saw Several gangs of Buffalow and Some elk at a distance, a black bear 
  Seen from the Perogues to day ¬ passed a rock in the Middle of the 
  river, Some Smaller rocks from that to the L# Shore, the dog that came to 
  us yesterday morning continues to follow us, we camped on a Sand point to 
  the L# S# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0598-1805-04-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 16th 1805. Set out very early this morning. Capt# Clark 
  walked on Shore this morning, and killed an Antelope, rejoined us at 1/2 
  after eight A#M# ¬  he informed me that he had seen many Buffaloe Elk and 
  deer in his absence, and that he had met with a great number of old 
  hornets nests in the woody bottoms through which he had passed. the 
  hills of the river still continue extreemly broken for a few miles back, 
  when it becomes a fine level country of open fertile lands immediately on 
  the river there are many fine leavel extensive and extreemly fertile high 
  plains and meadows. I think the quantity of timbered land on the river is 
  increasing. the mineral appearances still continue. I met with several 
  stones today that had the appearance of wood first carbonated and then 
  petrefyed by the water of the river, which I have discovered has that 
  effect on many vegitable substances when exposed to it's influence for a 
  length of time. l believe it to be the stratas of Coal seen in those hills 
  which causes the fire and birnt appearances frequently met with in this 
  quarter. where those birnt appearances are to be seen in the face of the 
  river bluffs, the coal is seldom seen, and when you meet with it in the 
  neighbourhood of the stratas of birnt earth, the coal appears to be 
  presisely at the same hight, and is nearly of the same thickness, togeter 
  with the sand and a sulphurious substance which ususually accompanys it. 
  there was a remarkable large beaver caught by one of the party last night. 
  these anamals are now very abundant. I have met with several trees which 
  have been felled by them 20 Inches in diameter. bark is their only food; 
  and they appear to prefer that of the Cotton wood and willow; as we have 
  never met with any other species of timber on the Missouri which had the 
  appearance of being cut by them. we passed three small creeks on the 
  Stard# side. they take their rise in the river hills at no great distance. 
  we saw a great number of geese today, both in the plains and on the river ¬ I 
  have observed but few ducks, those we have met with are the Mallard and 
  blue winged Teal 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0599-1805-04-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  16th of April Tuesday 1805 Wind hard from the S# E I walked on Shore and 
  Killed an antilope which was verry meagre, Saw great numbers of Elk & 
  some buffalow & Deer, a verry large Beaver Cought this morning. Some 
  verry handsom high planes & extensive bottoms, the mineral appearances 
  of Coal & Salt together with Some appearance of Burnt hils continue. a 
  number of old hornets nests Seen in every bottom more perticularly in the 
  one opposit to the place we camped this night ¬ the wooded bottoms are 
  more extensive to day than Common. passed three Small Creeks on the S# S# 
  to day which take their rise in the hills at no great distance, Great 
  numbers of Gees in the river & in the Plains feeding on the Grass. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0600-1805-04-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 17, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 17th 1805. A delightfull morning, set out at an erly hour. 
  the country though which we passed to (lay was much the same as that 
  discribed of yesterday; there wase more appearance of birnt hills, 
  furnishing large quanties of lava and pumice stone, of the latter some 
  pieces were seen floating down the river. Capt# Clark walked on shore this 
  morning on the Stard# side, and did not join us untill half after six in 
  the evening. he informed me that he had seen the remains of the 
  Assinniboin encampments in every point of woodland through which he had 
  passed. we saw immence quantities of game in every direction around us as 
  we passed up the river; consisting of herds of Buffaloe, Elk, and 
  Antelopes with some deer and woolves. tho we continue to see many tracks 
  of the bear we have seen but very few of them, and those are at a great 
  distance generally runing from us; I thefore presume that they are 
  extreemly wary and shy; the Indian account of them dose not corrispond 
  with our experience so far. one black bear passed near the perogues on the 
  16th and was seen by myself and the party but he so quickly disappeared 
  that we did not shoot at him. at the place we halted to dine on the 
  Lard# side we met with a herd of buffaloe of which I killed the fatest as 
  I concieved among them, however on examining it I found it so poar that I 
  thought it unfit for uce and only took the tongue; the party killed 
  another which was still more lean. just before we encamped this evening we 
  saw some tracks of Indians who had passed about 24 hours; they left four 
  rafts of timber on the Stard# side, on which they had passed. we supposed 
  them to have been a party of the Assinniboins who had been to war against 
  the rocky mountain Indians, and then on their return. Capt# Clark saw a 
  Curlou today. there were three beaver taken this morning by the party. the 
  men prefer the flesh of this anamal, to that of any other which we have, 
  or are able to procure at this moment. I eat very heartily of the beaver 
  myself, and think it excellent; particularly the tale, and liver. we had a 
  fair wind today which enabled us to sail the greater part of the distance 
  we have travled, encamped on the Lard shore the extremity of the last 
  course 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0601-1805-04-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  17th of April Wednesday 1805 a fine morning wind from the S E# Genly to 
  day handsom high extencive rich Plains on each Side, the mineral 
  appearances continue with greater appearances of Coal, much greater 
  appearance of the hills haveing been burnt, more Pumice Stone & Lava 
  washed down to the bottoms and some Pumice Stone floating in the river, I 
  walked on the S# S# Saw great numbs# of Buffalow feeding in the Plains at 
  a distance Capt# Lewis killed 2 Buffalow buls which was near the water at 
  the time of dineing, they were So pore as to be unfit for use. I Saw 
  Several Small parties of antelopes large herds of Elk, Some white wolves, 
  and in a pond (formed on the S# S# by the Missouries Changeing its bead) I 
  Saw Swan Gees & different kinds of Ducks in great numbers also a 
  Beaver house. Passed a Small Creek on the S# S# & Several runs of 
  water on each Side, Saw the remains of Indian camps in every point of 
  timbered land on the S# S# in the evining a thunder gust passed from the S 
  W, without rain, about Sunset Saw Some fresh Indians track and four rafts 
  on the shore S# S# Those I prosume were Ossinniboins who had been on a war 
  party against the Rockey Mountain Indians ¬ Saw a Curlow, Some verry 
  large beaver taken this morning. those animals are made use of as food and 
  preferred by the party to any other at this Season 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0602-1805-04-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 18th 1805. A fine morning, set out at an early hour. one 
  Beaver caught this morning by two traps, having a foot in each; the traps 
  belonged to different individuals, between whom, a contest ensued, which 
  would have terminated, most probably, in a serious rencounter had not our 
  timely arrival at the place prevented it. after breakfast this morning, 
  Capt# Clark walked on Stad. shore, while the party were assending by means 
  of their toe lines, I walked with them on the bank; found a species of pea 
  bearing a yellow flower, and now in blume; it seldom rises more than 6 
  inches high, the leaf & stalk resembles that of the common gardin pea, 
  the root is pirenial. (See specimen of vegitables No# 3.) I also saw 
  several parsels of buffaloe's hair hanging on the rose bushes, which had 
  been bleached by exposure to the weather and became perfectly white. it 
  every appearance of the wool of the sheep, tho much finer and more silkey 
  and soft. I am confident that an excellent cloth may be made of the wool 
  of the Buffaloe. the Buffaloe I killed yesterday had cast his long hare, 
  and the poll which remained was very thick, fine, and about 2 inches in 
  length. I think this anamal would have furnished about five pounds of 
  wool. we were detained today from one to five P#M# in consequence of the 
  wind which blew so violently from N# that it was with difficulty we could 
  keep the canoes from filling with water altho they were along shore; I had 
  them secured by placing the perogues on the out side of them in such 
  manner as to break the waves off them. at 5 we proceed, and shortly after 
  met with Capt# Clark, who had killed an Elk and a deer and was wating our 
  arrival. we took the meat on board and continued our march untill nearly 
  dark when we came too on the Stard side under a boald welltimbered bank 
  which sheltered us from the wind which had abated but not yet ceased. here 
  we encamped, it being the extremity of the last course of this day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0603-1805-04-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  18th of April Thursday 1805 Set out at an early hour one Beaver & a 
  Musrat Cought this morning, the beaver cought in two traps, which like to 
  have brought about a missunderstanding between two of the party &c# 
  after brackfast I assended a hill and observed that the river made a great 
  bend to the South, I concluded to walk thro the point about 2 miles and 
  take Shabono, with me, he had taken a dost of Salts &c# his Squar 
  followed on with his child, when I Struck the next bend of the river could 
  See nothing of the Party, left this man & his wife & Child on the 
  river bank and went out to hunt, Killed a young Buck Elk, & a Deer, 
  the Elk was tolerable meat, the Deer verry pore, Butcherd the meat and 
  Continued untill near Sunset before Capt Lewis and the party Came up, they 
  were detained by the wind, which rose Soon after I left the boat from the 
  N W# & blew verry hard untill verry late in the evening. we Camped on 
  the S# S# in an excellent harbor, Soon after We came too, two men went up 
  the river to Set their beaver traps they met with a Bear and being without 
  their arms thought prodent to return &c# the wild Cheries are in 
  bloom, Great appearance of Burnt hills Pumice Stone &c# the Coal & 
  Salt appearance Continued, the water in the Small runs much better than 
  below, ¬ Saw Several old Indian Camps, the game, Such as Buffalow Elk, 
  antelopes & Deer verry plenty 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0604-1805-04-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 19th 1805. The wind blew So hard this morning from N# W# that 
  we dared not to venture our canoes on the river. Observed 
  considerable quantities of dwarf Juniper on the hillsides (see specimen 
  No# 4) it seldom rises higher then 3 feet. the wind detained us 
  through the couse of this day, tho we were fortunate in having placed 
  ourselves in a safe harbour. the party killed one Elk and a beaver today. 
  The beaver of this part of the Missouri are larger, fatter, more abundant 
  and better clad with fur than those of any other part of the country that 
  I have yet seen; I have remarked also that their fur is much darker. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0605-1805-04-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  19th of April Friday 1805 a blustering windey day the wind So hard from 
  the N, W# that we were fearfull of ventering our Canoes in the river, lay 
  by all day on the S# Side in a good harber, the Praries appear to green, 
  the cotton trees bigin to leave, Saw some plumb bushes in full bloom, 
  those were the plumb bushes which I have Seen for Some time. Killed an Elk 
  an a Beaver to day ¬ The beaver of this river is much larger than 
  usial, Great deal of Sign of the large Bear, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0606-1805-04-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 20th 1805. The wind continued to blow tolerably hard this 
  morning but by no means as violently as it (lid yesterday; we determined 
  to set out and accordingly departed a little before seven. I walked on 
  shore on the N# side of the river, and Capt Clark proceeded with the 
  party. the river bottoms through which I passed about seven miles were 
  fertil and well covered with Cottonwood some Box alder, ash and red Elm. 
  the under brush, willow, rose bushes Honeysuccle, red willow, goosbury, 
  currant and servicebury & in the open grounds along the foot of the 
  river hills immence quantities of the hisop. in the course of my walk I 
  killed two deer, wounded an Elk and a deer; saw the remains of some Indian 
  hunting camps, near which stood a small scaffold of about 7 feet high on 
  which were deposited two doog slays with their harnis. underneath this 
  scaffold a human body was lying, well rolled in several dressed buffaloe 
  skins and near it a bag of the same materials containg sundry articles 
  belonging to the disceased; consisting of a pare of mockersons, some red 
  and blue earth, beaver's nails, instruments for dressing the Buffalo skin, 
  some dryed roots, several platts of the sweet grass, and a small quantity 
  of Mandan tobacco. I presume that the body, as well as the bag 
  containing these articles, had formerly been placed on the scaffold as is 
  the custom of these people, but had fallen down by accedent. near the 
  scaffold I saw the carcase of a large dog not yet decayed, which I 
  supposed had been killed at the time the human body was left on the 
  scaffold; this was no doubt the reward, which the poor doog had met with 
  for performing the  ¿¿  friendly office to his mistres of transporting her 
  corps to the place of deposit. it is customary with the Assinniboins, 
  Mandans, Minetares &c who scaffold their dead, to sacrefice the 
  favorite horses and doggs of their disceased relations, with a view of 
  their being servicable to them in the land of sperits. I have never heard 
  of any instances of human sacrefices on those occasions among them. 
  = 
  The wind blew so hard that I concluded it was impossible fror the perogues 
  and canoes to proceed and therefore returned and joined them about three 
  in the evening. Capt# Clark informed me that soon after seting out, a part 
  of the bank of the river fell in near one of the canoes and had very 
  nearly filled her with water. that the wind became so hard and the waves 
  so high that it was with infinite risk he had been able to get as far as 
  his present station. the white perrogue and several of the canoes had 
  shiped water several times but happily our stores were but little injured; 
  those which were wet we put out to dry and determined to remain untill the 
  next morning. we sent out four hunters who soon added 3 Elk 4 gees and 2 
  deer to our stock of provisions. the party caught six beaver today which 
  were large and in fine order. the Buffaloe, Elk and deer are poor at this 
  season, and of tours are not very palitable, however our good health and 
  apetites make up every necessary deficiency, and we eat very heartily of 
  them. encamped on Stard side; under a high well timbered bank. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0607-1805-04-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  20th of April Satturday 1805 wind a head from the N W# we Set out at 7 
  oClock proceeded on, Soon after we Set out a Bank fell in near one of the 
  Canoes which like to have filled her with water, the wind became hard and 
  waves So rought that we proceeded with our little Canoes with much risque, 
  our Situation was Such after Setting out that we were obliged to pass 
  round the 1st Point or lay exposed to the blustering winds & waves, in 
  passing round the Point Several canoes took in water as also our large 
  Perogue but without injuring our Stores & much I proceeded on to the 
  upper part of the 1st bend and came too at a butifull Glade on the S# S#, 
  about 1 mile below Capt Lewis who had walked thro the point, left his Coat 
  & a Deer on the bank which we took on board. a Short distance below 
  our Camp I Saw Some rafts on the S# S# near which, an Indian woman was 
  Scaffeled in the Indian form of Deposing their dead, & fallen down She 
  was or had been raised about 6 feet inclosed in Several robes tightly 
  laced around her, with her dog Slays, her bag of Different coloured earths 
  paint Small bones of animals beaver nales and Several other little 
  trinkets, also a blue jay, her dog was killed and lay near her. Capt# 
  Lewis joined me Soon after I landed & informed me he has walked 
  Several miles higher, & in his walk killed 2 Deer & wounded an Elk 
  & a Deer, our party Shot in the river four beaver & cought two, 
  which were verry fat and much admired by the men, after we landed they 
  killed 3 Elk 4 Gees & 2 Deer we had Some of our Provisions & which 
  got a little wet aired, the wind Continued So hard that we were Compelled 
  to delay all day. Saw Several buffalow lodged in the drift wood which had 
  been drouned in the winter in passing the river; Saw the remains of 2 
  which had lodged on the Side of the bank & eate by the bears. 
  = 
  This morning was verry cold, Some Snow about 2 oClock from flying clouds, 
  Some frost this morning & the mud at the edge of the water was frosed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0608-1805-04-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 21st 1805. Set out at an early hour this morning. Capt Clark 
  walked on shore; the wind tho a head was not violent. the country through 
  which we passed is very simelar in every rispect to that through which we 
  have passed for several days. We saw immence herds of buffaloe Elk 
  deer & Antelopes. Capt Clark killed a buffaloe and 4 deer in the 
  course of his walk today; and the party with me killed 3 deer, 2 beaver, 
  and 4 buffaloe calves. the latter we found very delicious. I think it 
  equal to any veal I ever tasted. the Elk now begin to shed their horns. 
  passed one large and two small creeks on the Lard# side, tho neither of 
  them discharge any water at present. the wind blew so hard this evening 
  that we were obliged to halt several hours. we reached the place of 
  incampment after dark, which was on the Lard# side a little above White 
  earth river which discharges itself on the Stard# side. immediately at the 
  mouth of this river it is not more than 10 yards wide being choked up by 
  the mud of the Missouri; tho after leaving the bottom lands of this river, 
  or even sooner, it becomes a boald stream of sixty yards wide and is deep 
  and navigable. the course of this river as far as I could see from the top 
  of Cut bluff, was due North. it passes through a beatifull level and 
  fertile vally about five miles in width. I think I saw about 25 miles up 
  this river, and did not discover one tree or bush of any discription on 
  it's borders. the vally was covered with Elk and buffaloe. saw a great 
  number of gees today as usual, also some swan and ducks. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0609-1805-04-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  21st of April Sunday 1805 Set out early the wind gentle & from the N# 
  W# the river being verry Crooked, I concluded to walk through the point, 
  the Countrey on either Side is verry Similar to that we have passed, Saw 
  an emence number of Elk & Buffalow, also Deer Antelopes Geese Ducks 
  & a fiew Swan, the Buffalow is about Calveing I killed a Buffalow 
  & 4 Deer in my walk to day, the party killed 2 deer 2 beaver & 4 
  Buffalow Calves, which was verry good veele. I Saw old Camps of Indians on 
  the L# Side, we passed 1 large & 2 Small Creeks on the L# Side neither 
  of them discharge any water into the river, in the evening the wind became 
  verry hard a head, we made Camp at a late hour which was on the L# Side a 
  little above the mouth of White Earth River which falls in on the Stad 
  Side and is 60 yds# wide, several Mes. up 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0610-1805-04-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 22cd 1805. Set out at an early hour this morning; proceeded 
  pretty well untill breakfat, when the wind became so hard a head that we 
  proceeded with difficulty even with the assistance of our toe lines. the 
  party halted and Cpt# Clark and myself walked to the white earth river 
  which approaches the Missouri very near at this place, being about 4 miles 
  above it's entrance. we found that it contained more water than streams of 
  it's size generally do at this season. the water is much clearer than that 
  of the Missouri. the banks of the river are steep and not more than ten or 
  twelve feet high; the bed seems to be composed of mud altogether. the 
  salts which have been before mentioned as common on the Missouri, appears 
  in great quantities along the banks of this river, which are in many 
  places so thickly covered with it that they appear perfectly white. 
  perhaps it has been from this white appearance of it's banks that the 
  river has derived it's name. this river is said to be navigable nearly to 
  it's source, which is at no great distance from the Saskashawan, and I 
  think from it's size the direction which it seems to take, and the 
  latitude of it's mouth, that there is very good ground to believe that it 
  extends as far North as latitude 50°. this stream passes through an 
  open country generally. the broken hills of the Missouri about this 
  place exhibit large irregular and broken masses of rocks and stones; some 
  of which tho 200 feet above the level of the water seem at some former 
  period to have felt it's influence, fo they appear smoth as if woarn by 
  the agetation of the water. this collection consists of white & grey 
  gannite, a brittle black rock, flint, limestone, freestone, some small 
  specimens of an excellent pebble and occasionally broken stratas of a 
  stone which appears to be petrefyed wood, it is of a black colour, and 
  makes excellent whetstones. Coal or carbonated wood pumice stone lava and 
  other mineral apearances still continue. the coal appears to be of better 
  quality; I exposed a specimen of it to the fire and found that it birnt 
  tolerably well, it afforded but little flame or smoke, but produced a hot 
  and lasting fire. I asscended to the top of the cutt bluff this 
  morning, from whence I had a most delightfull view of the country, the 
  whole of which except the vally formed by the Missouri is void of timber 
  or underbrush, exposing to the first glance of the spectator immence herds 
  of Buffaloe, Elk, deer, & Antelopes feeding in one common and 
  boundless pasture. we saw a number of bever feeding on the bark of the 
  trees alonge the verge of the river, several of which we shot, found them 
  large and fat. walking on shore this evening I met with a buffaloe calf 
  which attatched itself to me and continued to follow close at my heels 
  untill I embarked and left it. it appeared allarmed at my dog which was 
  probably the cause of it's so readily attatching itself to me. Capt Clark 
  informed me that he saw a large drove of buffaloe pursued by wolves today, 
  that they at length caught a calf which was unable to keep up with the 
  herd. the cows only defend their young so long as they are able to keep up 
  with the herd, and seldom return any distance in surch of them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0611-1805-04-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  22nd of April Monday 1805 a verry cold morning Some frost, we Set out at 
  an early hour and proceeded on verry well untill brackfast at which time 
  the wind began to blow verry hard ahead, and Continued hard all day we 
  proceeded on with much dificuelty with the assistance of the toe Ropes. 
  Capt# Lewis & my Self walked to the  ¿¿  River which is near the 
  Missouri four miles above its mouth, this river is 60 yards wide and 
  contains a greater perportion of water at this time than is Common for 
  Rivers of its Size it appears navagable as fur as any of the party was, 
  and I am told to near its Source in morrasses in the open Plains, it 
  passes (as far as we can See which is 6 or 7 Leagus) thro a butifull 
  extinsive vallie, rich & fertile and at this time Covered with 
  Buffalow, Elk & antelopes, which may be Seen also in any other 
  direction in this quarter ¬ this river must take its rise at no great 
  distance Easte of the Saskashawan, and no doubt as far N# as Latd# 50° 
  = 
  Some of the high plains or the broken Revien of the river contains great 
  quantity of Pebble Stones of various Sizes, The Stratum of Coal is much 
  richer than below, the appearances of Mineral & burnt hills Still 
  continue the river riseing a little, Saw an emence number of beaver 
  feeding on the waters edge & Swiming Killed Several, Capt# Lewis 
  assended a hill from the top of which he had a most inchanting prospect of 
  the Countrey around & the meanderings of the two rivers, which is 
  remarkable Crooked ¬ a buffalow calf which was on the Shore alone 
  followed Cap Lewis Some distance, ¬ I observed a large drove of 
  buffalow prosued by wolves the wolves cought one of their Calves in my 
  view, those animals defend their young as long as they Can keep up with 
  the drove 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0612-1805-04-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 23, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 23rd Set out at an early hour this morning. about nine A#M# 
  the wind arose, and shortly after became so violent that we were unabled 
  to proceed, in short it was with much difficulty and some risk that I was 
  enabled to get the canoes and perogues into a place of tolerable safety, 
  there being no timber on either side of the river at this place. some of 
  the canoes shiped water, and wet several parsels of their lading, which I 
  directed to be opened and aired we remained untill five in the evening 
  when the wind abating in some measure, we reloaded, and proceeded. shortly 
  after we were joined by Capt# Clark who had walked on shore this morning, 
  and passing through the bottom lands had fallen on the river some miles 
  above, and concluding that the wind had detained us, came down the river 
  in surch of us. he had killed three blacktaled, or mule deer, and a 
  buffaloe Calf, in the course of his ramble. these hard winds, being so 
  frequently repeated, become a serious source of detention to us. incamped 
  on the Stard# side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0613-1805-04-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  23rd of April 1805 a cold morning at about 9 oClock the wind as usial rose 
  from the N W and continued to blow verry hard untill late in the evening I 
  walked on Shore after brackfast in my walk on the S side passed through 
  extensive bottoms of timber intersperced with glades & low open 
  plains, I killed 3 mule or black tail Deer, which was in tolerable order, 
  Saw Several others, I also killed a Buffalow Calf which was verry fine, I 
  Struck the river above the Perogus which had Come too in a bend to the L# 
  S# to Shelter from the wind which had become violently hard, I joined Capt 
  Lewis in the evening & after the winds falling which was late in the 
  evening we proceeded on & encamped on the S# S# The winds of this 
  Countrey which blow with Some violence almost every day, has become a 
  Serious obstruction in our progression onward, as we Cant move when the 
  wind is high without great risque, and if there was no risque the winds is 
  generally a head and often too violent to proceed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0614-1805-04-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 24, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 24th The wind blew so hard during the whole of this day, 
  that we were unable to move. notwithstanding that we were sheltered by 
  high timber from the effects of the wind, such was it's violence that it 
  caused the waves to rise in such manner as to wet many articles in the 
  small canoes before they could be unloaded. we sent out some hunters who 
  killed 4 deer & 2 Elk, and caught some young wolves of the small kind. Soar 
  eyes is a common complaint among the party. I believe it origenates from 
  the immence quantities of sand which is driven by the wind from the 
  sandbars of the river in such clouds that you are unable to discover the 
  opposite bank of the river in many instances. the particles of this sand 
  are so fine and light that they are easily supported by the air, and are 
  carried by the wind for many miles, and at a distance exhibiting every 
  appearance of a collumn of thick smoke. so penitrating is this sand that 
  we cannot keep any article free from it; in short we are compelled to eat, 
  drink, and breath it very freely. my pocket watch, is out of order, she 
  will run only a few minutes without stoping. I can discover no radical 
  defect in her works, and must therefore attribute it to the sand, with 
  which, she seems plentifully charged, notwithstanding her cases are double 
  and tight. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0615-1805-04-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  24th of April Wednesday 1805 The wind rose last night and continued 
  blowing from the N# & N W# and Sometimes with great violence, untill 7 
  oClock P# M, Several articles wet in the Perogues by their takeing water 
  &c# as the wind was a head we could not move today Sent out hunters, 
  they killed 4 Deer 2 Elk & cought Some young wolves of the Small kind, 
  The party complain much of the Sand in their eyes, the Sand is verry fine 
  and rises in clouds from the Points and bars of the river, I may Say that 
  dureing those winds we eat Drink & breeth a prepotion of Sand. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0616-1805-04-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 25, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 25th 1805. The wind was more moderate this morning, tho 
  still hard; we set out at an early hour. the water friezed on the oars 
  this morning as the men rowed. about 10 oclock A#M# the wind began to blow 
  so violently that we were obliged to lye too. my dog had been absent 
  during the last night, and I was fearfull we had lost him altogether, 
  however, much to my satisfaction he joined us at 8 Oclock this morning. 
  The wind had been so unfavorable to our progress for several days past, 
  and seeing but little prospect of a favourable chang; knowing that the 
  river was crooked, from the report of the hunters who were out yesterday, 
  and beleiving that we were at no very great distance from the Yellow stone 
  River; I determined, in order as mush as possible to avoid detention, to 
  proceed by land with a few men to the entrance of that river and make the 
  necessary observations to determine it's position, which I hoped to effect 
  by the time that Capt# Clark could arrive with the party; accordingly I 
  set out at 1 t OCk# on the Lard# side, accompanyed by four men. we 
  proceeded about four miles, when falling in with some bufaloe I killed a 
  yearling calf, which was in good order; we soon cooked and made a hearty 
  meal of a part of it, and renewed our march our rout lay along the foot of 
  the river hills. when we had proceeded about four miles, I ascended the 
  hills from whence I had a most pleasing view of the country, perticularly 
  of the wide and fertile values formed by the missouri and the yellowstone 
  rivers, which occasionally unmasked by the wood on their borders disclose 
  their meanderings for many miles in their passage through these 
  delightfull tracts of country. I could not discover the junction of the 
  rivers immediately, they being concealed by the woods, however, sensible 
  that it could not be distant I determined to encamp on the bank of the 
  Yellow stone river which made it's appearance about 2 miles South of me. 
  the whol face of the country was covered with herds of Buffaloe, Elk & 
  Antelopes; deer are also abundant, but keep themselves more concealed in 
  the woodland. the buffaloe Elk and Antelope are so gentle that we pass 
  near them while feeding, without apearing to excite any alarm among them, 
  and when we attract their attention, they frequently approach us more 
  nearly to discover what we are, and in some instances pursue us a 
  considerable distance apparenly with that view. in our way to the 
  place I had determined to encamp, we met with two large herds of buffaloe, 
  of which we killed three cows and a calf. two of the former, wer but lean, 
  we therefore took their tongues and a part of their marrow~bones only. I 
  then proceeded to the place of our encampment with two of the men, taking 
  with us the Calf and marrowbones, while the other two remained, with 
  orders to dress the cow that was in tolerable order, and hang the meat out 
  of the reach of the wolves, a precaution indispensible to it's safe 
  keeping, even for a night. we encamped on the bank of the yellowstone 
  river, 2 miles South of it's confluence with the Missouri. On rejoining 
  Capt# Clark, the 26th in the evening, he informed me, that at 5 P#M# after 
  I left him the wind abated in some measure and he proceeded a few miles 
  further and encamped. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0617-1805-04-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  25th of April Thursday 1805 The wind was moderate & ahead this 
  morning, we Set out at an early hour The morning cold, Some flying Clouds 
  to be Seen, the wind from the N# ice collected on the ores this morning, 
  the wind increased and became So violent about 1 oClock we were obliged to 
  lay by our Canoes haveing taken in Some water, the Dog which was lost 
  yesterday, joined us this morning. 
  = 
  finding that the winds retarded our progression for maney days past, and 
  no apparance of an alteration, and the river being Crooked that we could 
  never have 3 miles fair wind, Capt# Lewis concluded to go by land as far 
  as the Rochejhone or yellow Stone river, which we expect is at no great 
  distance by land and make Some Selestial observations to find the 
  Situation of its mouth, and by that measure not detain the Perogues at 
  that place any time for the purpose of makeing those necessary 
  observations he took 4 men & proceeded on up the Missouri on the L# 
  Side, at 5 oClock the wind luled and we proceeded on and incamped. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0618-1805-04-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 26th 1805. This morning I dispatched Joseph Fields up the 
  yellowstone river with orders to examine it as far as he could 
  conveniently and return the same evening; two others were directed to 
  bring in the meat we had killed last evening, while I proceeded down the 
  river with one man in order to take a view of the confluence of this great 
  river with the Missouri, which we found to be two miles distant on a 
  direct line N# W# from our encampment. the bottom land on the lower side 
  of the yellowstone river near it's mouth for about one mile in width 
  appears to be subject to inundation; while that on the opposite side of 
  the Missouri and the point formed by the junction of these rivers is of 
  the common elivation, say from twelve to 18 feet above the level of the 
  water, and of course not liable to be overflown except in extreem high 
  water, which dose not appear to be very frequent there is more timber in 
  the neighbourhood of the junction of these rivers, and on the Missouri as 
  far below as the White earth river, than there is on any part of the 
  Missouri above the entrance of the Chyenne river to this place. the timber 
  consists principally of Cottonwood, with some small elm, ash and boxalder. 
  the under growth on the sandbars and verge of the river is the small 
  leafed willow; the low bottoms, rose bushes which rise to three or four 
  feet high, the redburry, servicebury, and the redwood; the high bottoms 
  are of two discriptions either timbered or open; the first lies next to 
  the river and it's under brush is the same with that of the low timbered 
  bottoms with the addition of the broad leafed willow, Goosbury, choke 
  cherry, purple currant; and honeysuckle bushis; the open bottoms border on 
  the hills, and are covered in many parts by the wild hyssop which rises to 
  the hight of two feet. I observe that the Antelope, Buffaloe Elk and deer 
  feed on this herb; the willow of the sandbars also furnish a favorite 
  winter food to these anamals as well as the growse, the porcupine, hare, 
  and rabbit. about 12 Olock I heard the discharge of several guns at the 
  junction of the rivers, which announced to me the arrival of the paty with 
  Capt Clark; I afterwards learnt that they had fired on some buffaloe which 
  they met with at that place, and of which they killed a cow and several 
  Calves; the latter are now fine veal. I dispatched one of the men to Capt 
  Clark requesting him to send up a canoe to take down the meat we had 
  killed and our baggage to his encampmt, which was accordingly complyed 
  with. after I had completed my observations in the evening I walked down 
  and joined the party at their encampment on the point of land fromed by 
  the junction of the rivers; found them all in good health, and much 
  pleased at having arrived at this long wished for spot, and in order to 
  add in some measure to the general pleasure which seemed to pervade our 
  little community, we ordered a dram to be issued to each person; this soon 
  produced the fiddle, and they spent the evening with much hilarity, 
  singing & dancing, and seemed as perfectly to forget their past toils, 
  as they appeared regardless of those to come. in the evening, the man I 
  had sent up the river this morning returned, and reported that he had 
  ascended it about eight miles on a streight line; that he found it 
  crooked, meandering from side to side of the valley formed by it; which is 
  from four to five miles wide. the corrent of the river gentle, and it's 
  bed much interrupted and broken by sandbars; at the distance of five miles 
  he passed a large Island well covered with timber, and three miles higher 
  a large creek falls in on the S# E# sides above a high bluff in which 
  there are several stratas of coal. the country bordering on this river as 
  far as he could percieve, like that of the Missouri, consisted of open 
  plains. he saw several of the bighorned anamals in the couse of his walk; 
  but they were so shy that he could not get a shoot at them; he found a 
  large horn of one of these anamals which he brought with him. the bed of 
  the yellowstone river is entirely composed of sand and mud, not a stone of 
  any kind to be seen in it near it's entrance. Capt Clark measured these 
  rivers just above their confluence; found the bed of the Missouri 520 
  yards wide, the water occupying 330. it's channel deep. the yellowstone 
  river including it's sandbar, 858 yds# of which, the water occupyed 297 
  yards; the depest part 12 feet; it was falling at this time & appeard 
  to be nearly at it's summer tide. the Indians inform that the 
  yellowstone river is navigable for perogues and canoes nearly to it's 
  source in the Rocky Mountains, and that in it's course near these 
  mountains it passes within less than half a day's march of a navigable 
  part of the Missouri. it's extreem sources are adjacent to those of the 
  Missouri, river platte, and I think probably with some of the South branch 
  of the Columbia river. the first part of its course lies through a 
  mountanous rocky country tho well timbered and in many parts fertile; the 
  middle, and much the most extensive portion of the river lies through a 
  delightfull rich and fertile country, well covered with timber, 
  intersperced with plains and meadows, and well watered; it is some what 
  broken in many parts. the lower portion consists of fertile open plains 
  and meadows almost entirely, tho it possesses a considerable proportion of 
  timber on it's borders. the current of the upper portion is extreemly 
  rappid, that of the middle and lower portions much more gentle than the 
  Missouri. the water of this river is turbid, tho dose not possess as much 
  sediment as that of the Missouri. this river in it's course recieves the 
  waters of many large tributary strains principally from the S# E# of which 
  the most considerable are the Tongue and bighorn rivers the former is much 
  the largest, and heads with the river Platte and Bighorn river, as dose 
  the latter with the Tongue river and the river Platte. a suficient 
  quantity of limestone may be readily procured for building near the 
  junction of the Missouri and yellowstone rivers. I could observe no 
  regular stratas of it, tho it lies on the sides of the river hills in 
  large irregular masses, in considerable quantities; it is of a light 
  colour, and appears to be of an excellent quality. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0619-1805-04-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  26th of April Friday 1805 last night was verry Cold. the Thermometer Stood 
  at 32 abov 0 this morning. I Set out at an early hour, as it was cold I 
  walked on the bank, & in my walk Shot a beaver & 2 Deer, one of 
  the Deer in tolerable order, the low bottom of the river is generaly 
  Covered with wood willows & rose bushes, red berry, wild Cherry & 
  red or arrow wood intersperced with glades The timber is Cottonwood 
  principally, Elm Small ash also furnish a portion of the timber, The Clay 
  of the bluffs appear much whiter than below, and Contain Several Stratums 
  of Coal, on the hill Sides I observe pebbles of different Size & 
  Colour ¬ The river has been riseing for Several days, & raised 3 
  inches last night, at 12 oClock arrived at the forks of the Roche Johne 
  & Missouri and formed a Camp on the point Soon after George Drewyer 
  Came from Capt Lewis & informed me that he was a little way up the 
  Roche johne and would join me this evining, I Sent a canoe up to Capt 
  Lewis and proceeded measure the width of the rivers, and find the debth. 
  The Missouri is 520 yards wide above the point of yellow Stone and the 
  water covers 330 yards; the YellowStone River is 858 yards wide includeing 
  its Sand bar, the water covers 297 yards and the deepest part is 12 feet 
  water, it is at this time falling, the Missouri rising The Indians inform 
  that the yellow Stone River is navagable for Perogues to near its Source 
  in the Rocky Mountains, it has many tributary Streams, principally on the 
  S# E# Side, and heads at no great distance from the Missouri, the largest 
  rivers which fall into it is Tongue river which heads with the waters of 
  River Platt, and Big horn river which also heads with Platt & Tongue R#
  the current of this river is Said to be rapid near its mouth it is verry 
  jentle, and its water is of a whitish colour much Clearer of Sediment than 
  the Missouri. the Countrey on this river is Said to be broken in its whole 
  Course & Contains a great deel of wood, the countrey about its mouth 
  is verry fine, the bottoms on either Side is wooded with Cotton wood, ash, 
  Elm &c# near the banks of the river back is higher bottoms and Covered 
  with red berry, Goose berry & rose bushes &# interspersed with 
  Small open Glades, and near the high land is Generally open rich bottoms ¬ at 
  our arrival at the forks I observed a Drove of Buffalow Cows & Calves 
  on a Sand bar in the point, I directed the men to kill the fattest Cow, 
  and 3 or 4 Calves, which they did and let the others pass, the Cows are 
  pore, Calves fine veele. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis joined me in the evening after takeing equal altitudes a little 
  way up the YellowStone river the Countrey in every direction is plains 
  except the moist bottoms of the river, which are covered with Some 
  indifferent timber Such as Cotton wood Elm & Small ash, with different 
  kind of Stubs & bushes in the forks about 1 mile from the point at 
  which place the 2 rivers are near each other a butifull low leavel plain 
  Commences, and extends up the Missourie & back, this plain is narrow 
  at its commencement and widens as the Missouri bends north, and is 
  bordered by an extencive wood land for many miles up the yellow Stone 
  river, this low plain is not Subject to over flow, appear to be a few 
  inches above high water mark and affords a butifull commanding Situation 
  for a fort near the commencement of the Prarie, about  ¿¿  miles from the 
  Point &  ¿¿  yards from the Missouri a Small lake is Situated, from 
  this lake the plain rises gradually to a high butifull Countrey, the low 
  Plain continues for Some distance up both rivers on the Yellow Stone it is 
  wide & butifull opsd# the point on the S# Side is Some high timbered 
  land, about 11/2 miles below on the Same Side a little distance from the 
  water is an elivated plain ¬ Several of the party was up the yellow 
  Stone R Several miles, & informed that it meandered throught a 
  butifull Countrey Joseph Fields discovered a large Creek falling into the 
  Yellowstone River on the S E Side 8 miles up near which he Saw a big horn 
  animal, he found in the Prarie the horn of one of those animals which was 
  large and appeared to have laid Several years I Saw maney buffalow dead on 
  the banks of the river in different places Some of them eaten by the white 
  bears & wolves all except the Skin & bones, others entire, those 
  animals either drounded in attempting to Cross on the ice dureing the 
  winter or Swiming across to bluff banks where they Could not get out & 
  too weak to return we Saw several in this Situation. 
  = 
  emence numbers of antelopes in the forks of the river, Buffalow & Elk 
  & Deer is also plenty beaver is in every bend. I observe that the 
  Magpie Goose duck & Eagle all have their nests in the Same 
  neighbourhood, and it is not uncommon for the Magpie to build in a few 
  rods of the eagle, the nests of this bird is built verry Strong with 
  Sticks Covered verry thickly with one or more places through which they 
  enter or escape, the Goose I make no doubt falls a pray to those vicious 
  eagles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0620-1805-04-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 27, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 27th 1805. Previous to our seting out this morning I made 
  the following observations. 
  = 
  This morning I walked through the point formed by the junction of the 
  rivers; the woodland extends about a mile, when the rivers approach each 
  other within less than half a mile; here a beatifull level low plain 
  commences and extends up both rivers for many miles, widening as the 
  rivers recede from each other, and extending back half a mile to a plain 
  about 12 feet higher than itself; the low plain appears to be a few inches 
  higher than high water mark and of course will not be liable to be 
  overflown; tho where it joins the high plain a part of the Missouri when 
  at it's greatest hight, passes through a channel of 60 or 70 yards wide 
  and falls into the yellowstone river. on the Missouri about 21/2 miles 
  from the entrance of the yellowstone river, and between this high and low 
  plain, a small lake is situated about 200 yards wide extending along the 
  edge of the high plain parallel with the Missouri about one mile. on the 
  point of the high plain at the lower extremity of this lake I think would 
  be the most eligible site for an establishment. between this low plain and 
  the Yellowstone river their is an extensive body of timbered land 
  extending up the river for many miles. this site recommended is about 400 
  yards distant from the Missouri and about double that distance from the 
  river yellowstone; from it the high plain, rising very gradually, extends 
  back about three miles to the hills, and continues with the same width 
  between these hills and the timbered land on the yellowstone river, up 
  that stream, for seven or eight miles; and is one of the hadsomest plains 
  I ever beheld. on the Missouri side the hills sircumscribe it's width, 
  & at the distance of three miles up that river from this site, it is 
  not more than 400 yards wide. Capt Clark thinks that the lower extremity 
  of the low plane would be most eligible for this establishment; it is true 
  that it is much nearer both rivers, and might answer very well, but I 
  think it reather too low to venture a permanent establishment, 
  particularly if built of brick or other durable materials, at any 
  considerable expence; for so capricious, and versatile are these rivers, 
  that it is difficult to say how long it will be, untill they direct the 
  force of their currents against this narrow part of the low plain, which 
  when they do, must shortly yeald to their influence; in such case a few 
  years only would be necessary, for the annihilation of the plain, and with 
  it the fortification. I continued my walk on shore; at 11 A#M# the 
  wind became very hard from N# W# insomuch that the perogues and canoes 
  were unable either to proceede or pass the river to me; I was under the 
  necessity therefore of shooting a goose and cooking it for my dinner. the 
  wind abated about 4. P#M# and the party proceeded tho I could not 
  conveniently join them untill night. altho game is very abundant and 
  gentle, we only kill as much as is necessary for food. I believe that two 
  good hunters could conveniently supply a regiment with provisions. for 
  several days past we have observed a great number of buffaloe lying dead 
  on the shore, some of them entire and others partly devoured by the wolves 
  and bear. those anamals either drownded during the winter in attempting to 
  pass the river on the ice during the winter or by swiming acrss at present 
  to bluff banks which they are unable to ascend, and feeling themselves too 
  weak to return remain and perish for the want of food; in this situation 
  we met with several little parties of them. beaver are very 
  abundant, the party kill several of them every day. The Eagles, Magpies, 
  and gees have their nests in trees adjacent to each other; the magpye 
  particularly appears fond of building near the Eagle, as we scarcely see 
  an Eagle's nest unaccompanyed with two or three Magpies nests within a 
  short distance. The bald Eagle are more abundant here than I ever 
  observed them in any part of the country. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0621-1805-04-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  27th of April Satturday 1805 after take the azmuth of the Sun & 
  brackfasting we Set out wind moderate & a head, at 11 oClock the wind 
  rose and continued to blow verry hard a head from the N# W# untill 4 
  oClock P M, which blew the Sand off the Points in Such clouds as almost 
  Covered us on the opposit bank, at 4 I Set out from my unpleasent 
  Situation and proceeded on, Capt# Lewis walked on Shore in the Point to 
  examine & view the Countrey and could not get to the boats untill 
  night, Saw great numbers of Goats or antilopes, Elk, Swan Gees & 
  Ducks, no buffalow to day I Saw Several beaver and much Sign, I Shot one 
  in the head which imediately Sunk, altho the game of different kinds are 
  in abundance we Kill nothing but what we can make 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0622-1805-04-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 28, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 28th 1805. Set out this morning at an early hour; the wind 
  was favourable and we employed our sails to advantage. Capt Clark walked 
  on shore this morning, and I proceeded with the party. the country through 
  which we passed today is open as usual and very broken on both sides near 
  the river hills, the bottoms are level fertile and partially covered with 
  timber. the hills and bluffs exhibit their usual mineral appearances, some 
  birnt hills but no appearance of Pumicestone; coal is in great abundance 
  and the salts still increase in quantity; the banks of the river and 
  sandbars are incrusted with it in many places and appear perfectly white 
  as if covered with snow or frost. the woods are now green, tho the 
  plains and meadows appear to abate of the verdure those below exhibited 
  some days past. we past three small runs today. two falling in on the 
  Stard# and one on the Lard# side, they are but small afford but little 
  water and head a few miles back in the hills. we saw great quantities of 
  game today; consisting of the common and mule deer, Elk, Buffaloe, and 
  Antelopes; also four brown bear, one of which was fired on and wounded by 
  one of the party but we did not get it; the beaver have cut great 
  quantities of timber; saw a tree nearly 3 feet in diameter that had been 
  felled by them. Capt# Clark in the course of his walk killed a deer and a 
  goose; & saw three black bear; he thinks the bottoms are not so wide 
  as they have been for some days past. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0623-1805-04-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  28th of April Sunday 1805 a fine day river falling, wind favourable from 
  the S# E# and moderate, I walked on Shore to view the Countrey, from the 
  top of the high hills, I beheld a broken & open Countrey on both 
  Sides, near the river Some verry handsom low plains, I killd. a Deer & 
  a goose, Saw three black bear great numbers of Elk antelopes & 2 
  Gangues of Buffalow, the hills & Bluffs Shew the Straturs of Coal, and 
  burnt appearances in maney places, in and about them I could find no 
  appearance of Pumice Stone, the wood land have a green appearance, the 
  Plains do not look So green as below, The bottoms are not So wide this 
  afternoon as below Saw four bear this evening, one of the men Shot at one 
  of them. The Antilopes are nearly red, on that part which is Subject to 
  change i e the Sides & 2/3 of the back from the head, the other part 
  as white as Snow, 2 Small runs fall in on the S# Side and one this evening 
  on the Lard Side those runs head at a fiew miles in the hills and 
  discharge but little water, the Bluffs in this part as also below Shew 
  different Straturs of Coal or carbonated wood, and Coloured earth, such as 
  dark brown, yellow a lightish brown, & a dark red &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0624-1805-04-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 29, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 29th 1805. Set out this morning at the usual hour; the wind 
  was moderate; I walked on shore with one man. about 8 A#M# we fell in with 
  two brown or yellow bear; both of which we wounded; one of them made his 
  escape, the other after my firing on him pursued me seventy or eighty 
  yards, but fortunately had been so badly wounded that he was unable to 
  pursue so closely as to prevent my charging my gun; we again repeated our 
  fir and killed him. it was a male not fully grown, we estimated his weight 
  at 300 lbs. not having the means of ascertaining it precisely. The legs of 
  this bear are somewhat longer than those of the black, as are it's tallons 
  and tusks incomparably larger and longer. the testicles, which in the 
  black bear are placed pretty well back between the thyes and contained in 
  one pouch like those of the dog and most quadrupeds, are in the yellow or 
  brown bear placed much further forward, and are suspended in seperate 
  pouches from two to four inches asunder; it's colour is yellowish brown, 
  the eyes small, black, and piercing; the front of the fore legs near the 
  feet is usually black; the fur is finer thicker and deeper than that of 
  the black bear. these are all the particulars in which this anamal 
  appeared to me to differ from the black bear; it is a much more furious 
  and formidable anamal, and will frequently pursue the hunter when wounded. 
  it is asstonishing to see the wounds they will bear before they can be put 
  to death. the Indians may well fear this anamal equiped as they generally 
  are with their bows and arrows or indifferent fuzees, but in the hands of 
  skillfull riflemen they are by no means as formidable or dangerous as they 
  have been represented. game is still very abundant we can scarcely cast 
  our eyes in any direction without percieving deer Elk Buffaloe or 
  Antelopes. The quantity of wolves appear to increase in the same 
  proportion; they generally hunt in parties of six eight or ten; they kill 
  a great number of the Antelopes at this season; the Antelopes are yet 
  meagre and the females are big with young; the wolves take them most 
  generally in attempting to swim the river; in this manner my dog caught 
  one drowned it and brought it on shore; they are but clumsey swimers, tho 
  on land when in good order, they are extreemly fleet and dureable. we have 
  frequently seen the wolves in pursuit of the Antelope in the plains; they 
  appear to decoy a single one from a flock, and then pursue it, alturnately 
  relieving each other untill they take it. on joining Capt Clark he 
  informed me that he had seen a female and faun of the bighorned anamal; 
  that they ran for some distance with great aparent ease along the side of 
  the river bluff where it was almost perpendicular; two of the party fired 
  on them while in motion without effect. we took the flesh of the bear on 
  board and proceeded. Capt# Clark walked on shore this evening, killed a 
  deer, and saw several of the bighorned anamals. there is more appearance 
  of coal today than we have yet seen, the stratas are 6 feet thick in some 
  instances; the earth has been birnt in many places, and always appears in 
  stratas on the same level with the stratas of coal. we came too this 
  evening in the mouth of a little river, which falls in on the Stard# side. 
  This stream is about 50 yards wide from bank to bank; the water occupyes 
  about 15 yards. the banks are of earth only, abrupt, tho not high ¬ the 
  bed, is of mud principally. Capt Clark, who was up this streeam about 
  three miles, informed me that it continued about the same width, that it's 
  current was gentle and it appeared navigable for perogus it meanders 
  through an extensive, fertile, and beautifull vally as far as could bee 
  seen about N# 30°W# there was but one solitary tree to be seen on the 
  banks of this river after it left the bottom of the Missouri. the water of 
  this river is clear, with a brownish yelow tint. here the highlands 
  receede from the Missouri, leaving the vally formed by the river from 
  seven to eight miles wide, and reather lower then usual. This stream my 
  friend Capt# C# named Marthas river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0625-1805-04-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  29th of April Monday 1805 Set out this morning at the usial hour. the wind 
  is moderate & from the N E had not proceeded far eer we Saw a female 
  & her faun of the Bighorn animal on the top of a Bluff lying, the 
  noise we made allarmed them and they came down on the Side of the bluff 
  which had but little Slope being nearly purpindicular, I directed two men 
  to kill those anamals, one went on the top and the other man near the 
  water they had two Shots at the doe while in motion without effect, Those 
  animals run & Skiped about with great ease on this declivity & 
  appeared to prefur it to the leavel bottom or plain. Capt Lewis & one 
  man walkd on Shore and he killed a yellow Bear & the man with him 
  wounded one other, after getting the flesh of the bear on bord which was 
  not far from the place we brackfast, we proceeded on Saw 4 gangus of 
  buffalow and great numbers of Antelopes in every direction also Saw Elk 
  and Several wolves, I walked on Shore in the evening & killed a Deer 
  which was So meager as to be unfit for use The hills Contain more Coal, 
  and has a greater appearance of being burnt that below, the burnt parts 
  appear on a parrilel with the Stratiums of Coal, we Came too in the mouth 
  of a Little river on the S# S# which is about 50 or 60 yards from bank to 
  bank, I was up this Stream 3 miles it continues its width and glides with 
  a gentle Current, its water is about 15 yards wide at this time, and 
  appears to be navagable for Canoes &c# it meanders through a butifull 
  & extencive vallie as far as can be Seen about N 30° W# I saw only a 
  Single tree in this fertile vallie The water of the River is clear of a 
  yellowish Colour, we call this river Martheys river in honor to the 
  Selebrated M# F 
  = 
  Here the high land widen from five to Eight miles and much lower than 
  below, Saw Several of the big horn animals this evening. The Wolves 
  distroy great numbers of the antilopes by decoying those animals 
  Singularly out in the plains and prosueing them alternetly, those 
  antelopes are Curious and will approach any thing which appears in motion 
  near them &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0626-1805-04-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 30, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 30th 1805. Set out at sunrise. the wind blew hard all last 
  night, and continued to blow pretty hard all day, but not so much, as to 
  compell us to ly by. the country as usual is bare of timber; the river 
  bottoms are level and fertile and extensive, but possess but little timber 
  and that of an indifferent quality even of it's kind; principally low 
  cottonwood, either too small for building, or for plank or broken and dead 
  at top and unsound in the center of the trunk. saw great quantities of 
  game as usual. Capt# Clark walked on shore the greater part of the day, 
  past some old Indian lodges built of drift wood; they appear to be of 
  antient date and not recently inhabited. I walked on shore this evening 
  and killed a buck Elk, in tolerable order; it appeared to me to be the 
  largest I had seen, and was therefore induced to measure it; found it five 
  feet three inches from the point of the hoof, to the top of the sholders; 
  the leg and hoof being placed as nearly as possible in the same position 
  they would have been had the anamal been standing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0627-1805-04-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  30th of April Tuesday 1805 The wind blew hard from the N E all last night, 
  we Set out at Sunrise the wind blew hard the greater part of the day and 
  part of the time favourable, we did not lie by to day on account of the 
  wind I walked on Shore to day our interpreter & his Squar followed, in 
  my walk the Squar found & brought me a bush Something like the 
  Current, which She Said bore a delicious froot and that great quantites 
  grew on the Rocky Mountains, this Srub was in bloom has a yellow flower 
  with a deep Cup, the froot when ripe is yellow and hangs in bunches like 
  Cheries, Some of those berries yet remained on the bushes. The bottoms 
  above the mouth of the last river is extensive level & fertile and 
  covered with indifferent timber in the points, the up land appear to rise 
  gradually, I saw Great numbers of Antelopes, also Scattering Buffalow, 
  Elk, Deer, wolves, Gees, ducks & Grows ¬ I Killed 2 Gees which we 
  dined on to day Capt Lewis walked on Shore and killed an elk this evening, 
  and we Came too & camped on the S# S the Countrey on both Sides have a 
  butifull appearance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0628-1805-05-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 1st 1805. Set out this morning at an early, the wind being 
  favourable we used our sales which carried us on at a good pace untill 
  about 12 OCk# when the wind became so high that the small canoes were 
  unable to proceed one of them which seperated from us just befor the wind 
  became so violent, is now lying on the opposite side of the river, being 
  unable to rejoin us in consequence of the waves, which during those gusts 
  run several feet high. we came too on the Lard# shore in a handsome bottom 
  well stocked with cottonwood timber; here the wind compelled us to spend 
  the ballance of the day. we sent out some hunters who killed a buffaloe, 
  an Elk, a goat and two beaver. game is now abundant. the country appears 
  much more pleasant and fertile than that we have passed for several days; 
  the hills are lower, the bottoms wider, and better stocked with timber, 
  which consists principally of cottonwood, not however of large size; the 
  under~growth willow on the verge of the river and sandbars, rose bushes, 
  red willow and the broad leafed willow in the bottom lands; the high 
  country on either side of the river is one vast plain, intirely destitute 
  of timber, but is apparently fertile, consisting of a dark rich mellow 
  looking lome. John Shields sick today with the rheumatism. Shannon killed 
  a bird of the plover kind. weight one pound. it measured from the tip of 
  the toe, to the extremity of the beak, 1 foot 10 Inches; from tip to tip 
  of wings when extended 2 F. 5 I#; Beak 3 5/8 inches; tale 3 1/8 inches; 
  leg and toe 10 Ins. the eye black, piercing, prominent and 
  moderately large. the legs are Hat thin, slightly imbricated and of a pale 
  sky blue colour, being covered with feathers as far as the mustle extends 
  down it, which is about half it's length. it has four toes on each foot, 
  three of which, are connected by a web, the fourth is small and placed at 
  the heel about the 1/8 of an inch up the leg. the nails are black and 
  short, that of the middle toe is extreemly singular, consisting of two 
  nails the one laping on or overlaying the other, the upper one somewhat 
  the longest and sharpest. the tale contains eleven feathers of equal 
  length, & of a bluish white colour. the boddy and underside of the 
  wings, except the large feathers of the 1st & 2cd joints of the same, 
  are white; as are also the feathers of the upper part of the 4th joint of 
  the wing and part of those of the 3rd adjacent thereto, the large feathers 
  of the 1st or pinion and the 2cd joint are black; a part of the larger 
  feathers of the 3rd joint on the upper side and all the small feathers 
  which cover the upper part of the wings are black, as are also the tuft of 
  long feathers on each side of the body above the joining of the wing, 
  leaving however a stripe of white betwen them on the back. the head and 
  neck are shaped much like the grey plover, and are of a light brickdust 
  brown; the beak is black and flat, largest where it joins the head, and 
  from thence becoming thiner and tapering to a very sharp point, the upper 
  chap being 1/8 of an inch the longest turns down at the point and forms a 
  little hook. the nostrils, which commence near the head are long, narrow, 
  connected, and parallel with the beak; the beak is much curved, the 
  curvature being upwards in stead of downwards as is common with most 
  birds; the substance of the beak precisely resembles whalebone at a little 
  distance, and is quite as flexable as that substance their note resembles 
  that of the grey plover, tho is reather louder and more varied, their 
  habits appear also to be the same, with this difference; that it sometimes 
  rests on the water and swims which I do not recollect having seen the 
  plover do. this bird which I shall henceforth stile the Missouri plover, 
  generally feeds about the shallow bars of the river; to collect it's food 
  which consists of  ¿¿ , it immerces it's beak in the water and throws it's 
  head and beak from side to side at every step it takes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0629-1805-05-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 1st Wednesday 1805 We Set out at Sun rise under a Stiff Breeze 
  from the East, the morning Cool & Cloudy. one man J# Shields Sick with 
  rhumetism ¬ one of the men (Shannon) Shot a Gull or pleaver, which is 
  about the Size of an Indian hen, with a Sharp pointed bill turning up 
  & 4 Inches long, the head and neck of a light brown, the breast, the 
  underfeathers of the 2nd and 3d joint of the wings, the Short feathers on 
  the upper part of the 3rd joint of the wings, down the back the rump & 
  tail white. The large feathers of the 1st joints of the wing the upper 
  feathers of the 2d joints of the wings, on the body on the joints of the 
  wing and the bill is black. the legs long and of a Skie blue. The 
  feet webed &c# This fowl may be properly Stiled the Missouri Pleaver ¬ the 
  wind became verry Hard and we put too on the L# Side, as the wind 
  Continued with Some degree of violence and the waves too high for the 
  Canoes we were obliged to Stay all day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0630-1805-05-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  May 1st 1805. Shannon killed a bird of the plover kind the weight one 
  pound. eye black percing and prominent 
  = 
  Measure F. Inchs from the tip of the toe to the extremity of the beak 1 10 
  from tip to tip of wing when extended 2 5 length of beak 3 5/8 length of 
  tale 3 1/8 length of leg and toe 10 
  = 
  the legs are flat, of pale skye blue colour and but slightly imbricated. 
  the second joint, as low as the mustle extends is covered with feathers 
  which is about half it's length. it has three toes on a foot connected by 
  a web. there is also a small toe on each foot placed about the eighth of 
  an inch up the leg behind. the nails are black and short and those of the 
  middle toes ar singular ¬ there being two nails on each the one above the 
  other the upper one the longest and sharpest. the tale contains eleven 
  feathers of the same length of a bluish white colour. the body and under 
  side of the wings except the large feathers of the 1 & 2cd joints of 
  the wings are white, as are also the feathers of the upper part of the 4th 
  joint of the wing. and some of those of the 3rd adjoining. the large 
  feathers of the pinion or first (joint) & the second joint are black; 
  a part of the larger feathers of the third joint on the upper side and all 
  the smaller feathers which cover the upper part of these joints ar black; 
  as are also the tuft of long feathers on each side of the body above the 
  joining of the wing, leaving however a stripe of white between them on the 
  back. the head and neck are shaped much like the grey plover, and is a 
  light brickdust brown. the beak is black and flat, largest where it joins 
  the head and from thence tapering every way gradually to a very sharp 
  point the upper beak being 1/8 of an inch the longest turning down at the 
  point. the nostrils are parrallal with the beak and are long narrow and 
  connected. the beak is curvated and invirted; the Curvature being upwards 
  in stead of downwards as those of most birds are ¬ the substance of 
  the beak is as flexable as whalebone and at a little distance precisely 
  resembles that substance. their note is like that of the common whistling 
  or grey plover tho reather louder, and more varied, and their habits are 
  the same with that bird so far as I have been enabled to learn, with this 
  difference however that this bird sometimes lights in the water and swims. it 
  generally feads about the shallow bars of the river; to collect it's food, 
  it immerces it's beak in the water, and thows it's head and beak from side 
  to side at every step it takes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0631-1805-05-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 2, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 2ed 1805 The wind continued violent all night nor did it 
  abate much of it's violence this morning, when at daylight it was attended 
  with snow which continued to fall untill about 10 A#M# being about one 
  inch deep, it formed a singular contrast with the vegitation which was 
  considerably advanced. some flowers had put forth in the plains, and the 
  leaves of the cottonwood were as large as a dollar. sent out some hunters 
  who killed 2 deer 3 Elk and several buffaloe; on our way this evening we 
  also shot three beaver along the shore; these anamals in consequence of 
  not being hunted are extreemly gentle, where they are hunted they never 
  leave their lodges in the day, the flesh of the beaver is esteemed a 
  delecacy among us; I think the tale a most delicious morsal, when boiled 
  it resembles in flavor the fresh tongues and sounds of the codfish, and is 
  usually sufficiently large to afford a plentifull meal for two men. Joseph 
  Fields one of the hunters who was out today found several yards of scarlet 
  cloth which had been suspended on the bough of a tree near an old indian 
  hunting camp, where it had been left as a sacrefice to the deity by the 
  indians, probably of the Assinniboin nation, it being a custom with them 
  as well as all the nations inhabiting the waters of the Missouri so far as 
  they are known to us, to offer or sacrefice in this manner to the deity 
  watever they may be possessed off which they think most acceptable to him, 
  and very honestly making their own feelings the test of those of the deity 
  offer him the article which they most prize themselves. this being the 
  most usual method of weshiping the great sperit as they term the deity, is 
  practiced on interesting occasions, or to produce the happy eventuation of 
  the important occurrances incident to human nature, such as relief from 
  hungar or mallady, protection from their enemies or the delivering them 
  into their hands, and with such as cultivate, to prevent the river's 
  overflowing and distroying their crops &c# screfices of a similar kind 
  are also made to the deceased by their friends and relatives. the are was 
  very piercing this evening the water friezed on the oars as they rowed. 
  the wind dying at 5 P#M# we set out. 
  = 
  every thing which is incomprehensible to the indians they call big 
  medicine, and is the opperation of the presnts and power of the great 
  sperit. this morning one of the men shot the indian dog that had followed 
  us for several days, he would steal their cooked provision. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0632-1805-05-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 2nd Thursday 1805 The wind blew verry hard all the last night, this 
  morning about Sunrise began to Snow, (The Thermomtr. at 28 abov o) and 
  Continued untill about 10 oClock, at which time it Seased, the wind 
  Continued hard untill about 2 P#M# the Snow which fell to day was about 1 
  In deep, a verry extroadernaley Climate, to behold the trees Green & 
  flowers Spred on the plain, & Snow an inch deep. we Set out about 3 
  oClock and proceeded on about five 1/2 miles and encamped on the Std Side, 
  the evening verry cold, Ice freesing to the Ores, I Shot a large beaver 
  & Drewyer three in walking on the bank, the flesh of those animals the 
  party is fond of eating &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0633-1805-05-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 3rd 1805. The morning being very could we did not set out as 
  early as usual; ice formed on a kettle of water 1/4 of an inch thick. the 
  snow has melted generally in the bottoms, but the hills still remain 
  covered. on the lard side at the distance of 2 miles we passed a curious 
  collection of bushes which had been tyed up in the form of a faciene and 
  standing on end in the open bottom it appeared to be about 30 feet high 
  and ten or twelve feet in diameter, this we supposed to have been placed 
  there by the Indians, as a sacrefice for some purpose. The wind continued 
  to blow hard from the West but not so strong as to compel us to ly by. 
  Capt# Clark walked on shore and killed an Elk which he caused to be 
  butched by the time I arrived with the party, here we halted and dined 
  being about 12 OCk# our usual time of halting for that purpose. after 
  dinner Capt# Clark pursued his walk, while I continued with the party, it 
  being a rule which we had established, never to be absent at the same time 
  from the party. the plains or high lands are much less elivated than they 
  were, not being more than from 50 to 60 feet above the river bottom, which 
  is also wider than usual being from 5 to 9 ms# in width; traces of the 
  ancient beds of the river are visible in many places through the whole 
  extent of this valley. since the hills have become lower the appearance of 
  the stratas of coal burnt hills and pumice stone have in a great measure 
  ceased; I saw none today. we saw vast quantities of Buffaloe, Elk, deer 
  principally of the long tale kind, Antelope or goats, beaver, geese, 
  ducks, brant and some swan. near the entrance of the river mentioned in 
  the 10th course of this day, we saw an unusual number of Porcupines from 
  which we determined to call the river after that anamal, and accordingly 
  denominated it Porcupine river. this stream discharges itself into the 
  Missouri on the Stard# side 2000 miles above the mouth of the latter, it 
  is a beatifull bold runing stream, 40 yards wide at it's entrance; the 
  water is transparent, it being the first of this discription that I have 
  yet seen discharge itself into the Missouri; before it enters a large sand 
  bar through which it discharges itself into the missouri it's banks and 
  bottom are formed of a stiff blue and black clay; it appears to be 
  navigable for canoes and perogues at this time and I have no doubt but it 
  might be navigated with boats of a considerable size in high water. it's 
  banks appear to be from 8 to ten feet high and seldom overflow; from the 
  quantity of water furnished by this river, the appearance of the country, 
  the direction it pursues, and the situation of it's entrance, I have but 
  little doubt but it takes it's source not far from the main body of the 
  Suskashawan river, and that it is probably navigable 150 miles; perhaps 
  not very distant from that river. should this be the case, it would afford 
  a very favorable communication to the Athebaskay country, from whence the 
  British N# W# Company derive so large a portion of their valuable furs. Capt# 
  Clark who ascended this river several miles and passed it above where it 
  entered the hills informed me on his return that he found the general 
  width of the bed of the river about one hundred yards, where he passed the 
  river the bed was 112 yards wide, the water was knee deep and 38 yard in 
  width; the river which he could observe from the rising grounds for about 
  20 miles, bore a little to the East of North. there was a considerable 
  portion of timber in the bottom lands of this river. Capt Clark also met 
  with limestone on the surface of the earth in the course of his walk. he 
  also saw a range of low mountains at a distance to the W of N , their 
  direction being N# W# the country in the neighborhood of this river, and 
  as far as the eye can reach, is level, fertile, open and beatifull beyond 
  discription. 1/4 of a mile above the entrance of this river a large creek 
  falls in which we called 2000 mile creek. I sent Rubin Fields to examine 
  it, he reported it to be a bold runing stream, it's bed 30 yards wide. we 
  proceeded about 3 miles abov this creek and encamped on the Stard# shore. 
  I walked out a little distance and met with 2 porcupines which were 
  feeding on the young willow which grow in great abundance on all the 
  sandbars; this anamal is exceedingly clumsy and not very watchfull I 
  approached so near one of them before it percieved me that I touched it 
  with my espontoon. found the nest of a wild goose among some 
  driftwood in the river from which we took three eggs. this is the only 
  nest we have met with on driftwood, the usual position is the top of a 
  broken tree, sometimes in the forks of a large tree but almost invariably, 
  from 15 to 20 feet or upwards high. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0634-1805-05-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 3rd Friday 1805 we Set out reather later this morning than usial owing 
  to weather being verry cold, a frost last night and the Thermt. Stood this 
  morning at 26 above 0 which is 6 Degrees blow freeseing ¬ the ice that 
  was on the Kittle left near the fire last night was 1/4 of an inch thick. 
  The Snow is all or nearly all off the low bottoms, the Hills are entireley 
  Covered. three of our party found in the back of a bottom 3 pieces of 
  Scarlet one brace in each, which had been left as a Sacrifice near one of 
  their Swet houses, on the L# S# we passed to day a curious collection of 
  bushes tied up in the shape of fascene about 10 feet diamuter, which must 
  have been left also by the natives as an offering to their medison which 
  they Convinced protected or gave them relief near the place, the wind 
  Continued to blow hard from the West, altho not Sufficently So to detain 
  us, I walked on Shore and killed an Elk & had him bucchured by the 
  time the Perogus Came up which was the usial time of dineing. The high 
  lands are low and from 8 to 9 miles apart and there is evident marks of 
  the bead of the river having been changed frequently but little appearance 
  of the Coal & burnt hills to day ¬  Great numbers of Buffalow, Elk, 
  Deer, antilope, beaver, Porcupins, & water fowls Seen to day, Such as, 
  Geese, ducks of dift. kinds, & a fiew Swan ¬ I continued my walk 
  on Shore after dinner, and arrived at the mouth of a river on the St# 
  Side, which appeared to be large, and I concluded to go up this river a 
  few miles to examine it accordingly I Set out North 1 mile thro wood or 
  timbered bottom, 2 miles through a butifull leavel plain, and 1 mile over 
  a high plain about 50 feet higher than the bottom & Came to the little 
  river, which I found to be a butifull clear Stream of about 100 yds# from 
  bank to bank, (I waded this river at the narrowest part and made it 112 
  Steps from bank to bank and at this place which was a kind of fording 
  place the water was near Knee deep, and 38 steps wide, the bottom of a 
  hard stiff Black Clay,) I observed a Great perportion of timber in the 
  bottoms of this river as far as I could See which was to the East of N# 18 
  or 20 miles, it appears to be navigable at this time for Canoes, and from 
  appearances must be navagable a long distance for Perogus & boats in 
  high water. This river we call Porcupine from the great number of those 
  anamals found about it's mouth. a Short distance above about 1/4 
  mile and on the Lard Side a large Creek falls in, which R# Fields went to 
  examine & reports that it is a bold running Stream, 30 yds wide as 
  this Creek is 2000 miles up the Missouri we Call it the 2000 mile Creek, 
  we proceeded on 3 miles & Camped on the S# S# here I joined Capt Lewis 
  who had in my absens walkd. on the upper Side of Porcupine River for Some 
  distance ¬ This river from its Size & quantity of water must head 
  at no great distance from the Saskashawan on this river I Saw emence herds 
  Elk & Buffalow & many deer & Porcupine. I also Saw the top of 
  a mountain which did not appear verry high to the West of N# & bore N 
  W# I Saw on the high land limestone & pebble ¬ The Countrey about 
  the mouth of this river and as far as the eye Can reach is butifull open 
  Countrey. The greater part of the Snow is melted. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0635-1805-05-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 4th 1805. We were detained this morning untill about 9 OCk# 
  in order to repare the rudder irons of the red perogue which were broken 
  last evening in landing; we then set out, the wind hard against us. I 
  walked on shore this morning, the weather was more plesant, the snow has 
  disappeared; the frost seems to have effected the vegetation much less 
  than could have been expected the leaves of the cottonwood the grass the 
  box alder willow and the yellow flowering pea seem to be scarcely touched; 
  the rosebushes and honeysuckle seem to have sustaned the most considerable 
  injury. The country on both sides of the Missouri continues to be open 
  level fertile and beautifull as far as the eye can reach which from some 
  of the eminences is not short of 30 miles. the river bottoms are very 
  extensive and contain a much greater proportion of timber than usual; the 
  fore part of this day the river was bordered with timber on both sides, a 
  circumstance which is extreemly rare and the first which has occurred of 
  any thing like the same extent since we left the Mandans, in the after 
  part of the day we passed an extensive beautifull plain on the Stard# side 
  which gradually ascended from the river. I saw immence quantities of 
  buffaloe in every direction, also some Elk deer and goats; having an 
  abundance of meat on hand I passed them without firing on them; they are 
  extreemly gentle the bull buffaloe particularly will scarcely give way to 
  you. I passed several in the open plain within fifty paces, they viewed me 
  for a moment as something novel and then very unconcernedly continued to 
  feed. Capt# Clark walked on shore this evening and did not rejoin us 
  untill after dark, he struck the river several miles above our camp and 
  came down to us. we saw many beaver some which the party shot, we also 
  killed two deer today. much sign of the brown bear. passed several old 
  Indian hunting camps in the course of the day one of them contained two 
  large lodges which were fortifyed with old driftwood and fallen timber; 
  this fortification consisted of a circular fence of timber lade 
  horizontally laping on and over laying each other to the hight of 5 feet. 
  these pounds are sometimes built from 20 to 30 feet in diameter and 
  covered over with the trunks and limbs of old timber. the usual 
  construction of the lodges we have lately passed is as follows. three or 
  more strong sticks the thickness of a man's leg or arm and about 12 feet 
  long are attatched together at one end by a with of small willows, these 
  are then set on end and spread at the base, forming a circle of ten twelve 
  or 14 feet in diameter; sticks of driftwood and fallen timber of 
  convenient size are now placed with one end on the ground and the other 
  resting against those which are secured together at top by the with and 
  which support and give the form to the whole, thus the sticks are laid on 
  untill they make it as thick as they design, usually about three ranges, 
  each piece breaking or filling up the interstice of the two beneath it, 
  the whole forming a connic figure about 10 feet high with a small 
  apperture in one side which answers as a door. leaves bark and straw are 
  sometimes thrown over the work to make it more complete, but at best it 
  affords a very imperfect shelter particularly without straw which is the 
  state in which we have most usually found them. 
  = 
  At noon the sun was so much obscured that I could not obtain his maridian 
  Altitude which I much wished in order to fix the latitude of the entrance 
  of Porcupine river. Joseph Fields was very sick today with the disentary 
  had a high fever I gave him a doze of Glauber salts, which operated very 
  well, in the evening his fever abated and I gave him 30 drops of laudnum. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0636-1805-05-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 4th Satturday 1805 The rudder Irons of our large Perogue broke off 
  last night, the replaceing of which detained us this morning untill 9 
  oClock at which time we Set out the wind a head from the west, The 
  Countrey on each Side of the Missouri is a rich high and butifull the 
  bottoms are extencive with a great deal of timber on them all the fore 
  part of this day the wood land bordered the river on both Sides, in the 
  after part a butifull assending plain on the Std Side we Camped on the 
  Std# Side a little above we passed a Small Creek on the L# Side near which 
  I Saw where an Indian lodge had been fortified many year past. Saw great 
  numbers of anamals of different kinds on the banks, I Saw the black martin 
  to day ¬ in the evening I walkd. on Shore on the Std Side & Struck the 
  river Several miles above our Camp & did not get to Camp untill Some 
  time after night ¬ we have one man Sick, The river has been falling 
  for Several days passed; it now begins to rise a little; the rate of rise 
  & fall is from one to 3 inches in 24 hours. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0637-1805-05-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 5, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 5th 1805 A fine morning I walked on shore untill 8 A M when we 
  halted for breakfast and in the course of my walk killed a deer which I 
  carried about a mile and a half to the river, it was in good order. soon 
  after seting out the rudder irons of the white perogue were broken by her 
  runing fowl on a sawyer, she was however refitted in a few minutes with 
  some tugs of raw hide and nales. as usual saw a great quantity of game 
  today; Buffaloe Elk and goats or Antelopes feeding in every direction; we 
  kill whatever we wish, the buffaloe furnish us with fine veal and fat 
  beef, we also have venison and beaver tales when we wish them; the flesh 
  of the Elk and goat are less esteemed, and certainly are inferior. we have 
  not been able to take any fish for some time past. The country is as 
  yesterday beatifull in the extreme. 
  = 
  saw the carcases of many Buffaloe lying dead along the shore partially 
  devoured by the wolves and bear. saw a great number of white brant also 
  the common brown brant, geese of the common kind and a small species of 
  geese which differ considerably from the common canadian goose; their neck 
  head and beak are considerably thicker shorter and larger than the other 
  in proportion to it's size, they are also more than a third smaller, and 
  their note more like that of the brant or a young goose which has not 
  perfectly acquired his notes, in all other rispects they are the same in 
  colour habits and the number of feathers in the tale, they frequently also 
  ascociate with the large geese when in flocks, but never saw them pared 
  off with the large or common goose. The white brant ascociate in very 
  large flocks, they do not appear to be mated or pared off as if they 
  intended to raise their young in this quarter, I therefore doubt whether 
  they reside here during the summer for that purpose. 
  = 
  this bird is about the size of the common brown brant or two thirds of the 
  common goose, it is not so long by six inches from point to point of the 
  wings when extended as the other; the beak head and neck are also larger 
  and stronger; their beak legs and feet are of a redish or fleshcoloured 
  white. the eye is of moderate size, the puple of a deep sea green 
  incircled with a ring of yellowish brown. it has sixteen feathers of equal 
  length in the tale; their note differs but little from the common brant, 
  their flesh much the same, and in my opinion preferable to the goose, the 
  flesh is dark. they are entirely of a beatifull pure white except the 
  large feathers of the 1st and second joints of the wings which are jut 
  black. form and habits are the same with the other brant; they sometimes 
  ascociate and form one common flock. Capt Clark found a den of young 
  wolves in the course of his walk today and also saw a great number of 
  those anamals; they are very abundant in this quarter, and are of two 
  species the small woolf or burrowing dog of the praries are the 
  inhabitants almost invariably of the open plains; they usually ascociate 
  in bands of ten or twelve sometimes more and burrow near some pass or 
  place much frequented by game; not being able alone to take a deer or goat 
  they are rarely ever found alone but hunt in bands; they frequently watch 
  and seize their prey near their burrows; in these burrows they raise their 
  young and to them they also resort when pursued; when a person approaches 
  them they frequently bark, their note being precisely that of the small 
  dog. they are of an intermediate size between that of the fox and dog, 
  very active fleet and delicately formed; the ears large erect and pointed 
  the head long and pointed more like that of the fox; tale long; the hair 
  and fur also resembles the fox tho is much coarser and inferior. they are 
  of a pale redish brown colour. the eye of a deep sea green colour small 
  and piercing. their tallons are reather longer than those of the ordinary 
  wolf or that common to the atlantic states, none of which are to be found 
  in this quarter, nor I believe above the river Plat. The large woolf 
  found here is not as large as those of the atlantic states. they are lower 
  and thicker made shorter leged. their colour which is not effected by the 
  seasons, is a grey or blackish brown and every intermediate shade from 
  that to a creen coloured white; these wolves resort the woodlands and are 
  also found in the plains, but never take refuge in the ground or burrow so 
  far as I have been able to inform myself. we scarcely see a gang of 
  buffaloe without observing a parsel of those faithfull shepherds on their 
  skirts in readiness to take care of the mamed & wounded. the large 
  wolf never barks, but howls as those of the atlantic states do. Capt# 
  Clark and Drewyer killed the largest brown bear this evening which we have 
  yet seen. it was a most tremendious looking anamal, and extreemly hard to 
  kill notwithstanding he had five balls through his lungs and five others 
  in various parts he swam more than half the distance acoss the river to a 
  sandbar & it was at least twenty minutes before he died; he did not 
  attempt to attact, but fled and made the most tremendous roaring from the 
  moment he was shot. We had no means of weighing this monster; Capt# Clark 
  thought he would weigh 500 lbs. for my own part I think the estimate too 
  small by 100 lbs. he measured 8 Feet 71/2 Inches from the nose to the 
  extremety of the hind feet, 5 F. to 1/2 Inch arround the breast, 1 F. 11 
  I# arround the middle of the arm, & 3 F. 11 I# arround the neck; his 
  tallons which were five in number on each foot were 4 1/8 Inches in 
  length. he was in good order, we therefore divided him among the party and 
  made them boil the oil and put it in a cask for future uce; the oil is as 
  hard as hogs lard when cool, much more so than that of the black bear. 
  this bear differs from the common black bear in several respects; it's 
  tallons are much longer and more blont, it's tale shorter, it's hair which 
  is of a redish or bey brown, is longer thicker and finer than that of the 
  black bear; his liver lungs and heart are much larger even in proportion 
  with his size; the heart particularly was as large as that of a large Ox. 
  his maw was also ten times the size of black bear, and was filled with 
  flesh and fish. his testicles were pendant from the belly and placed four 
  inches assunder in seperate bags or pouches. this animal also feeds 
  on roots and almost every species of wild fruit. 
  = 
  The party killed two Elk and a Buffaloe today, and my dog caught a goat, 
  which he overtook by superior fleetness, the goat it must be understood 
  was with young and extreemly poor. a great number of these goats are 
  devowered by the wolves and bear at this season when they are poor and 
  passing the river from S# W# to N# E# they are very inactive and easily 
  taken in the water, a man can out swim them with great ease; the Indians 
  take them in great numbers in the river at this season and in autumn when 
  they repass to the S# W# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0638-1805-05-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  5th of May Sunday 1805 We Set out verry early and had not proceeded far 
  before the rudder Irons of one of the Perogus broke which detained us a 
  Short time Capt Lewis walked on Shore this morning and killed a Deer, 
  after brackfast I walked on Shore Saw great numbers of Buffalow & Elk 
  Saw also a Den of young wolves, and a number of (frown wolves in every 
  direction, the white & Grey Brant is in this part of the Missouri I 
  shot at the white brant but at So great a distance I did not kill, The 
  Countrey on both sides is as yesterday, handsom & fertile ¬ The 
  river rising & Current Strong & in the evening we Saw a Brown or 
  Grisley beare on a Sand beech, I went out with one man Geo. Drewyer & 
  Killed the bear, which was verry large and a turrible looking animal, 
  which we found verry hard to kill we Shot ten Balls into him before we 
  killed him, & 5 of those Balls through his lights This animal is the 
  largest of the Carnivorous kind I ever Saw we had nothing that could way 
  him, I think his weight may be Stated at 500 pounds, he measured 8 feet 
  71/2 In. from his nose to the extremity of the Toe, 5 feet 101/2 in. 
  arround the breast, 1 feet 11 Ins. around the middle of the arm, 3 feet 11 
  Ins. arround the neck his tallents was 4 Inches &3/8 long, he was good 
  order, and appeared verry different from the Common black bear in as much 
  as his tallents were blunt, his tail Short, his liver & lights much 
  larger, his maw ten times as large and Contained meat or flesh & fish 
  only ¬ we had him Skined and divided, the oile tried up & put in 
  Kegs for use. we Camped on the Stard Side, our men killed three Elk and a 
  Buffalow to day, and our Dog Cought an antilope a fair race, this animal 
  appeared verry pore & with young. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0639-1805-05-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 6, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 6th 1805. The morning being fair and pleasant and wind 
  favourable we set sale at an early hour, and proceeded on very well the 
  greater part of the day; the country still continues level fertile and 
  beautifull, the bottoms wide and well timbered comparitively speaking with 
  other parts of the river; no appearance of birnt hills pumice stone or 
  coal, the salts of tartar or vegitable salts continues to appear on the 
  river banks, sand bars and in many parts of the plains most generally in 
  the little revines at the base of the low hills. passed three streames 
  today which discharged themselves on the Lard# side; the first of these we 
  call little dry creek it contained some water in standing pools but 
  discharged none, the 2ed 50 yards wide no Water, we called it Big dry 
  Creek, the 3rd is bed of a conspicuous river 200 yards wide which we 
  called little dry river; the banks of these streams are low and bottoms 
  wide with but little timber, their beds are almost entirely formed of a 
  fine brown sand intermixed with a small proportion of little pebbles, 
  which were either transparent, white, green, red, yellow or brown. these 
  streams appeared to continue their width without diminution as far as we 
  could perceive them, which with rispect to the river was many miles, they 
  had recenly discharged their waters. from the appearance of these streams, 
  and the country through which they passed, we concluded that they had 
  their souces in level low dry plains, which probably is the character of 
  the country for a great distance west of this, or to the vicinity of the 
  black hills, that the country being low on the same level nearly and in 
  the same parallel of latitude, that the rains in the spring of the year 
  suddonly melts the snow at the same time and causes for a few days a vast 
  quantity of water which finds it's way to the Missouri through those 
  channels; by reference to the diary of the weather &c it will be 
  percieved that there is scarcely any rain during the summer Autumn and 
  winter in this open country distant from the mountains. Fields still 
  continues unwell. saw a brown bear swim the river above us, he disappeared 
  before we can get in reach of him; I find that the curiossity of our party 
  is pretty well satisfyed with rispect to this anamal, the formidable 
  appearance of the male bear killed on the 5th added to the difficulty with 
  which they die when even shot through the vital parts, has staggered the 
  resolution several of them, others however seem keen for action with the 
  bear; I expect these gentlemen will give us some amusement shotly as they 
  soon begin now to coppolate. saw a great quantity of game of every species 
  common here. Capt Clark walked on shore and killed two Elk, they were not 
  in very good order, we therefore took a part of the meat only; it is now 
  only amusement for Capt# C# and myself to kill as much meat as the party 
  can consum; I hope it may continue thus through our whole rout, but this I 
  do not much expect. two beaver were taken in traps this morning and one 
  since shot by one of the party. saw numbers of these anamals peeping at us 
  as we passed out of their wholes which they form of a cilindric shape, by 
  burrowing in the face of the abbrupt banks of the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0640-1805-05-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 6th Monday 1805 a fine morning wind from the N# E# we Set out early 
  and proceeded on verry well under Sail the greater part of the day, passed 
  two Creeks & a River to day on the Lard# Side, neither of them 
  discharged any water into the Missouri, they were wide and Continued their 
  width for Some distance, the little water of those Creeks & the little 
  river must wash the low Country, I believe those Streams to be the 
  Conveyance of the water of the heavy rains & melting Snows in the 
  Countrey back &c# &c# I walked on Shore and Killed two Elk neither 
  of which was fat, we saved the best of the meat, one beaver Shot to day. 
  the countrey on both Sides butifull no appearances of either Coal or 
  pumice Stone & burnt hills, The Salts of Tarter or white aprs. of 
  Salts are yet to be Seen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0641-1805-05-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 7th 1805. A fine morning, set out at an early hour; the drift 
  wood begins to come down in consequence of the river's rising; the water 
  is somewhat clearer than usual, a circumstance I did not expect on it's 
  rise. at 11 A#M# the wind became so hard that we were compelled to ly by 
  for several hours, one of the small canoes by the bad management of the 
  steersman filled with water and had very nearly sunk; we unloaded her and 
  dryed the baggage; at one we proceed on the wind having in some measure 
  abated. the country we passed today on the North side of the river is one 
  of the most beautifull plains we have yet seen, it rises gradually from 
  the river bottom to the hight of 50 or 60 feet, then becoming level as a 
  bowling green. extends back as far as the eye can reach; on the S# side 
  the river hills are more broken and much higher tho some little destance 
  back the country becomes level and fertile. no appearance of birnt hills 
  coal or pumicestone, that of salts still continue. vegitation appears to 
  have advanced very little since the 28th Ulto# we continue to see a 
  great number of bald Eagles, I presume they must feed on the carcases of 
  dead anamals, for I see no fishing hawks to supply them with their 
  favorite food. the water of the river is so terbid that no bird wich feeds 
  exclusively on fish can subsist on it; from it's mouth to this place I 
  have neither seen the blue crested fisher nor a fishing hawk. this day we 
  killed 3 Buffaloe 1 Elk & 8 beaver; two of the Buffaloe killed by Capt 
  Clark near our encampment of this evening wer in good order dressed them 
  and saved the meat, the Elk I killed this morning, thought it fat, but on 
  examineation found it so lean that we took the tongue marrowbones and Skin 
  only. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0642-1805-05-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 7th Tuesday, 1805 A fine morning river rose 11/2 Inches last night, 
  the drift wood beginning to run the water Something Clearer than usial, 
  the wind became verry hard, and at 11 oClock one Canoe by bad Stearing 
  filled with water, which detained us about 3 hours, had a Meridian 
  altitude, the Laid# from which is 47°36' 11" 6/10 The Countrey on the 
  North Side of the Missouri is one of the handsomest plains we have yet 
  Seen on the river the plain rises from the river bottom gradually. The 
  Hills on the South Side is high & uneavin. no appearance of Coal or 
  burnt hills, that of Salts Still appear; vegitation appears to be Slow, I 
  walked on the bank to day and Shot 2 beaver, in the evening Killed two 
  Buffalow in tolerable order which we Saved and Camped on the Lard Side. 8 
  beaver, 3 buffalow & an Elk killed to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0643-1805-05-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 8th 1805. Set out at an early hour under a gentle brieze 
  from the East. a black cloud which suddonly sprung up at S# E# soon over 
  shaddowed the horizon; at 8 A#M# it gave us a slight sprinke of rain, the 
  wind became much stronger but not so much so as to detain us. we nooned it 
  just above the entrance of a large river which disimbogues on the Lard# 
  side; I took the advantage of this leasure moment and examined the river 
  about 3 miles; I found it generally 150 yards wide, and in some places 
  200. it is deep, gentle in it's courant and affords a large boddy of 
  water; it's banks which are formed of a dark rich loam and blue clay are 
  abbrupt and about 12 feet high. it's bed is principally mud. I have no 
  doubt but it is navigable for boats perogues and canoes, for the latter 
  probably a great distance. the bottoms of this stream ar wide, level, 
  fertile and possess a considerable proportion of timber, principally 
  Cottonwood. from the quantity of water furnised by this river it must 
  water a large extent of country; perhaps this river also might furnish a 
  practicable and advantageous communication with the Saskashiwan river; it 
  is sufficiently large to justify a belief that it might reach to that 
  river if it's direction be such. the water of this river possesses a 
  peculiar whiteness, being about the colour of a cup of tea with the 
  admixture of a tablespoonful) of milk. from the colour of it's water we 
  called it Milk river. (we think it possible that this may be the river 
  called by the Minitares the river which scoalds at all others or  ¿¿) 
  Capt Clark who walked this morning on the Lard# shore ascended a very high 
  point opposite to the mouth of this river; he informed me that he had a 
  perfect view of this river and the country through which it passed for a 
  great distance (probably 50 or 60 Miles,) that the country was level and 
  beautifull on both sides of the river, with large herds of Buffaloe 
  distributed throughout that the river from it's mouth boar N# W# for 12 or 
  15 Miles when it forked, the one taking a direction nearly North, and the 
  other to the West of N# West. from the appearance of the vallies and the 
  timber on each of these streams Capt# C# supposed that they were about the 
  same size. great appearance of beaver on this river, and I have no doubt 
  but what they continue abundant, there being plenty of cottonwood and 
  willow, the timber on which they subsist# The country on the Lard# side of 
  the river is generally high broken hills, with much broken, grey black and 
  brown grannite scattered on the surface of the earth in a confused manner. 
  The wild Licquorice is found on the sides of these hills, in great 
  abundance. at a little distance from the river there is no timber to be 
  seen on either side; the bottom lands are not more than one fifth covered 
  with timber; the timber as below is confined to the borders of the river. 
  in future it will be understood that there is no timber of any discription 
  on the upland unless particularly mentioned; and also that one fifth of 
  the bottom lands being covered with timber is considered a large 
  proportion. The white apple is found in great abundance in this 
  neighbourhood; it is confined to the highlands principally. The 
  whiteapple, so called by the French Engages, is a plant which rises to the 
  hight of 6 or 9 Inchs. rarely exceeding a foot; it puts forth from one to 
  four and sometimes more stalks from the same root, but is most generally 
  found with one only, which is branched but not defusely, is cylindric and 
  villose; the leafstalks, cylindric, villose and very long compared with 
  the hight of the plant, tho gradually diminish in length as they ascend, 
  and are irregular in point of position; the leaf, digitate, from three to 
  five in number, oval 1 Inch long, absolutely entire and cottony; the whole 
  plant of a pale green, except the under disk of the leaf which is of a 
  white colour from the cottony substance with which it is covered. the 
  radix a tuberous bulb; generally ova formed, sometimes longer and more 
  rarely partially divided or brancing; always attended with one or more 
  radicles at it's lower extremity which sink from 4 to 6 inches deep. the 
  bulb covered with a rough black, tough, thin rind which easily seperates 
  from the bulb which is a fine white substance, somewhat porus, spungy and 
  moist, and reather tough before it is dressed; the center of the bulb is 
  penitrated with a small tough string or ligament, which passing from the 
  bottom of the stem terminates in the extremity of the radicle, which last 
  is also covered by a prolongation of the rind which invellopes the bulb# 
  The bulb is usually found at the debth of 4 inches and frequently much 
  deeper. This root forms a considerable article of food with the Indians of 
  the Missouri, who for this purpose prepare them in several ways. they are 
  esteemed good at all seasons of the year, but are best from the middle of 
  July to the latter end of Autumn when they are sought and gathered by the 
  provident part of the natives for their winter store. when collected they 
  are striped of their rhind and strung on small throngs or chords and 
  exposed to the sun or placed in the smoke of their fires to dry; when well 
  dryed they will keep for several years, provided they are not permitted to 
  become moist or damp; in this situation they usually pound them between 
  two stones placed on a piece of parchment, untill they reduce it to a fine 
  powder thus prepared they thicken their soope with it; sometimes they also 
  boil these dryed roots with their meat without breaking them; when green 
  they are generally boiled with their meat, sometimes mashing them or 
  otherwise as they think proper. they also prepare an agreeable dish with 
  them by boiling and mashing them and adding the marrow grease of the 
  buffaloe and some buries, until the whole be of the consistency of a 
  haisty pudding. they also eat this root roasted and frequently make hearty 
  meals of it raw without sustaining any inconvenience or injury therefrom. 
  The White or brown bear feed very much on this root, which their tallons 
  assist them to procure very readily. the white apple appears to me to be a 
  tastless insippid food of itself tho I have no doubt but it is a very 
  healthy and moderately nutricious food. I have no doubt but our epicures 
  would admire this root very much, it would serve them in their ragouts and 
  gravies in stead of the truffles morella. 
  = 
  We saw a great number buffaloe, Elk, common and Black taled deer, goats 
  beaver and wolves. Capt C# killed a beaver and a wolf, the party killed 3 
  beaver and a deer. We can send out at any time and obtain whatever species 
  of meat the country affords in as large quantity as we wish. we saw where 
  an Indian had recently grained, or taken the hair off of a goatskin; we do 
  not wish to see those gentlemen just now as we presume they would most 
  probably be the Assinniboins and might be troublesome to us. Capt C# could 
  not be certain but thought he saw the smoke and some Indian lodges at a 
  considrable distance up Milk river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0644-1805-05-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 8th Wednesday 1805 a verry black Cloud to the S W# we Set out 
  under a gentle breeze from the N# E# about 8 oClock began to rain, but not 
  Sufficient to wet, we passed the mouth of a large river on the Starboard 
  Side 150 yards wide and appears to be navagable. the Countrey thro which 
  it passes as far as Could be seen from the top of a verry high hill on 
  which I was, a butifull leavil plain this river forks about N W from its 
  mouth 12 or 15 miles one fork runs from the North & the other to the 
  West of N W# the water of this river will justify a belief that it has its 
  Sourse at a considerable distance, and waters a great extent of Countrey ¬ we 
  are willing to believe that this is the River the Minitarres Call the 
  river which Scolds at all others 
  = 
  the Countrey on the Lard# Side is high & broken with much Stone 
  Scattered on the hills, In walking on Shore with the Interpreter & his 
  wife, the Squar Geathered on the Sides of the hills wild Lickerish, & 
  the white apple as called by the angegies and gave me to eat, the Indians 
  of the Missouri make great use of the white apple dressed in different 
  ways ¬ Saw great numbers of Buffalow, Elk, antelope & Deer, also 
  black tale deer beaver & wolves, I killed a beaver which I found on 
  the bank, & a wolf. The party killed 3 Beaver 1 Deer I saw where an 
  Indian had taken the hair off a goat Skin a fiew days past ¬ Camped 
  early on the Lard# Side. The river we passed today we call Milk river from 
  the peculiar whiteness of it's water, which precisely resembles tea with a 
  considerable mixture of milk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0645-1805-05-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 9th 1805. Set out at an early hour; the wind being favourable 
  we used our sails and proceeded very well; the country in appearance is 
  much as yester, with this difference that the land appears more fertile 
  particularly of the Lard# hills which are not so stoney and less broken; 
  the timber has also in some measure declined in quantity. today we passed 
  the bed of the most extraordinary river that I ever beheld. it is as wide 
  as the Missouri is at this place or 1/2 a mile wide and not containing a 
  single drop of runing water; some small standing pools being all the water 
  that could be perceived. it falls in on the Lard# side. I walked up this 
  river about three miles and ascended an eminence from which I could 
  perceive it many miles; it's course about South for 10 or 12 miles, when 
  it viered around to the E of S# E# as far as I could see. the valley of 
  this river is wide and possesses but a scanty proportion of timber; the 
  hills which border it are not very high nor is the country very broken; it 
  is what may properly be designated a wavy or roling country intersperced 
  with some handsom level plains. the bank are low and abbrupt, seldom more 
  than 6 or eight feet above the level of the bed, yet show but little 
  appearance of being overflown; they are of black or yellow clay or a rich 
  sandy loam. the bed is entirely composed of a light brown sand the 
  particles of which as well as that of the Missoury are remarkably fine. 
  this river I presume must extend back as far as the black hills and 
  probably is the channel through which a great extent of plain country 
  discharge their superfluous waters in the spring season. it had the 
  appearance of having recently discharged it's waters; and from the 
  watermark, it did not appear that it had been more than 2 feet deep at 
  it's greatest hight. This stream (if such it can properly be termed) we 
  called Big dry river. about a mile below this river on the same side a 
  large creek falls in also dry at present. The mineral salts and quarts 
  appear in large quantities in this neighbourhood. the sand of the Missouri 
  from it's mouth to this place has always possessed a mixture of granulated 
  talk or I now think most probably that it is this quarts. Capt C# killed 2 
  bucks and 2 buffaloe, I also killed one buffaloe which proved to be the 
  best meat, it was in tolerable order; we saved the best of the meat, and 
  from the cow I killed we saved the necessary materials for making what our 
  wrighthand cook Charbono calls the boudin blanc, and immediately set him 
  about preparing them for supper; this white pudding we all esteem one of 
  the greatest delacies of the forrest, it may not be amiss therefore to 
  give it a place. About 6 feet of the lower extremity of the large gut of 
  the Buffaloe is the first mosel that the cook makes love to, this he holds 
  fast at one end with the right hand, while with the forefinger and thumb 
  of the left he gently compresses it, and discharges what he says is not 
  good to eat, but of which in the squel we get a moderate portion; the 
  mustle lying underneath the shoulder blade next to the back, and fillets 
  are next saught, these are needed up very fine with a good portion of 
  kidney suit; to this composition is then added a just proportion of pepper 
  and salt and a small quantity of flour; thus far advanced, our skilfull 
  opporater C~o seizes his recepticle, which has never once touched the 
  water, for that would intirely distroy the regular order of the whole 
  procedure; you will not forget that the side you now see is that covered 
  with a good coat of fat provided the anamal be in good order; the operator 
  sceizes the recepticle I say, and tying it fast at one end turns it 
  inwards and begins now with repeated evolutions of the hand and arm, and a 
  brisk motion of the finger and thumb to put in what he says is bon pour 
  manger; thus by stuffing and compressing he soon distends the recepticle 
  to the utmost limmits of it's power of expansion, and in the course of 
  it's longtudinal progress it drives from the other end of the recepticle a 
  much larger portion of the  ¿¿  than was prevously discharged by the 
  finger and thumb of the left hand in a former part of the operation; thus 
  when the sides of the recepticle are skilfully exchanged the outer for the 
  iner, and all is compleatly filled with something good to eat, it is tyed 
  at the other end, but not any cut off, for that would make the pattern too 
  scant; it is then baptised in the missouri with two dips and a flirt, and 
  bobbed into the kettle; from whence after it be well boiled it is taken 
  and fryed with bears oil untill it becomes brown, when it is ready to 
  esswage the pangs of a keen appetite or such as travelers in the 
  wilderness are seldom at a loss for. 
  = 
  we saw a great quantity of game today particularly of Elk and Buffaloe, 
  the latter are now so gentle that the men frequently throw sticks and 
  stones at them in order to drive them out of the way. we also saw this 
  evening emence quantities of timber cut by the beaver which appeared to 
  have been done the preceeding year, in place particularly they had cut all 
  the timber down for three acres in front and on nearly one back from the 
  river and had removed a considerable proportion of it, the timber grew 
  very thick and some of it was as large as a man's body. the river for 
  several days has been as wide as it is generally near it's mouth, tho it 
  is much shallower or I should begin to dispair of ever reaching it's 
  source; it has been crouded today with many sandbars; the water also 
  appears to become clearer, it has changed it's complexin very 
  considerably. I begin to feel extreemly anxious to get in view of the 
  rocky mountains. 
  = 
  I killed four plover this evening of a different species from any I have 
  yet seen; it resembles the grey or whistling plover more than any other of 
  this family of birds; it is about the size of the yellow legged or large 
  grey plover common to the lower part of this river as well as most parts 
  of the Atlantic States where they are sometimes called the Jack curloo; 
  the eye is moderately large, are black with a narrow ring of dark 
  yellowish brown; the head, neck, upper part of the body and coverts of the 
  wings are of a dove coloured brown, which when the bird is at rest is the 
  predominant colour; the brest and belley are of a brownish white; the tail 
  is composed of 12 feathers of 3 Ins. being of equal length, of these the 
  two in the center are black, with traverse bars of yellowish brown; the 
  others are a brownish white. the large feathers of the wings are white 
  tiped with blacked. the beak is black, 21/2 inches in length, slightly 
  tapering, streight of a cilindric form and blontly or roundly pointed; the 
  chaps are of equal length, and nostrils narrow. longitudional and 
  connected; the feet and legs are smoth and of a greenish brown; has three 
  long toes and a short one on each foot, the long toes are unconnected with 
  a web, and the short one is placed very high up the leg behind, insomuch 
  that it dose not touch the ground when the bird stands erect. the notes of 
  this bird are louder and more various than any other of this family that I 
  have seen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0646-1805-05-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 9th Thursday 1805 a fine Day wind from the East we proceeded on verry 
  well the Countrey much the appearance which it had yesterday the bottom 
  & high land rich black earth, Timber not so abondant as below, we 
  passed the mouth of a river (or the appearance of a river) on the Lard# 
  Side the bend of which as far as we went up it or could See from a high 
  hill is as large as that of the Missouri at this place which is near half 
  a mile this river did not Contain one drop of running water, about a mile 
  below this river a large Creeke joins the river L# S# which is also Dry ¬  
  Those dry Streams which are also verry wide, I think is the Conveyance of 
  the melted Snow, & heavy rains which is Probable fall in from the high 
  mountanious Countrey which is Said to be between this river & the 
  Yellow Stone river ¬ I walked on Shore the fore part of this day, 
  & observed Great quantities of the Shining Stone which we view as 
  quarts, I killed 2 Bucks & a Buffalow, Capt Lewis also killed one 
  which verry good meat, I saw emunerable herds of buffalow, & goats to 
  day in every derection ¬ The Missouri keeps its width which is nearly 
  as wide as near its mouth, great number of Sand bars, the water not So 
  muddy & Sand finer & in Smaller perpotion. Capt# Lewis killed 4 
  pleaver different from any I have ever before Seen, larger & have 
  white breast & the underfeathers of the wings are white &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0647-1805-05-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  May 9th 1805. I killed four plover this evening of a different kind from 
  any I have yet seen. it resembles the grey or whistling plover more than 
  any other of this family of birds, tho it is much larger. it is about the 
  size of the yellow leged plover common to the U States, and called the 
  jack curlooe by some. the legs are of a greenish brown; the toes, three 
  and one high at the heel unconnected with a webb, the breast and belly of 
  a brownish white; the head neck upper part of the body and coverts of the 
  wings are of a dove colured brown which when the bird is at rest is the 
  predomanent colour. the tale has 12 feathers of the same length of which 
  the two in the center are black with transverse bars of yellowish bron, 
  the others are a brownish white. the large feathers of the wings are white 
  tiped with black. the eyes are black with a small ring of dark yellowish 
  brown ¬ the beak is black, 21/2 inches long, cilindrical, streight, 
  and roundly or blountly pointed. the notes of this bird are louder and 
  more various than of any other species which I have seen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0648-1805-05-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 10th 1805. Set out at sunrise and proceeded but a short 
  distance ere the wind became so violent that we were obliged to come too, 
  which we did on the Lard# side in a suddon or short bend of the river 
  where we were in a great measure sheltered from the effects of the wind. 
  the wind continued violent all day, the clouds were thick and black, had a 
  slight sprinkle of rain several times in the course of the day. we sent 
  out several hunters to scower the country, to this we were induced not so 
  much from the want of provision as to discover the Indians whome we had 
  reasons to believe were in the neighbourhood, from the circumstance of one 
  of their dogs comeing to us this morning shortly after we landed; we still 
  beleive ourselves in the country usually hunted by the Assinniboins, and 
  as they are a vicious illy disposed nation we think it best to be on our 
  guard, accordingly we inspected the arms and accoutrements the party and 
  found them all in good order. The hunters returned this evening having 
  seen no tents or Indians nor any fresh sign of them; they killed two Mule 
  deer, one common fallow or longtailed deer, 2 Buffaloe and 5 beaver, and 
  saw several deer of the Mule kind of immence size, and also three of the 
  Bighorned anamals. from the appearance of the Mule deer and the bighorned 
  anamals we beleive ourselves fast approaching a hilly or mountainous 
  country; we have rarely found the mule deer in any except a rough country; 
  they prefer the open grounds and are seldom found in the woodlands near 
  the river; when they are met with in the woodlands or river bottoms and 
  are pursued, they invariably run to the hills or open country as the Elk 
  do. the contrary happens with the common deer ther are several esscential 
  differences between the Mule and common deer as well in form as in habits. 
  they are fully a third larger in general, and the male is particularly 
  large; I think there is somewhat greater disparity of size between the 
  male and female of this speceis than there is between the male and female 
  fallow deer; I am convinced I have seen a buck of this species twice the 
  volume of a buck of any other species. the ears are peculiarly large; I 
  measured those of a large buck which I found to be eleven inches long and 
  31/2 in width at the widest part; they are not so delicately formed, their 
  hair in winter is thicker longer and of a much darker grey, in summer the 
  hair is still coarser longer and of a paleer red, more like that of the 
  Elk; in winter they also have a considerable quantity of a very fine wool 
  intermixed with the hair and lying next to the skin as the Antelope has. 
  the long hair which grows on the outer sides of the 1st joint of the 
  hinder legs, and which in the common deer do not usually occupy more than 
  2 inches in them occupys from 6 to eight; their horns also differ, these 
  in the common deer consist of two main beams from which one or more points 
  project the beam graduly deminishing as the points procede from it, with 
  the mule deer the horns consist of two beams which at the distance of 4 or 
  6 inches from the head divide themselves each into two equal branches 
  which again either divide into two other equal branches or terminate in a 
  smaller, and two equal ones; having either 2 4 or 6 points on a beam; the 
  horn is not so rough about the base as the common deer and are invariably 
  of a much darker colour. the most striking difference of all, is the white 
  rump and tale. from the root of the tail as a center there is a circular 
  spot perfectly white, of abot 3 inches radius, which occupys a part of the 
  rump and extremitys of the buttocks and joins the white of the belley 
  underneath; the tail which is usually from 8 to 9 inches long, for the 
  first 4 or 5 inches from it's upper extremity is covered with short white 
  hairs, much shorter indeed than the hairs of the body; from hence for 
  about one inch further the hair is still white but gradually becomes 
  longer, the tail then terminates in a tissue of black hair of about 3 
  Inches long. from this black hair of the tail they have obtained among the 
  French engages the appelation of the black taled deer, but this I conceive 
  by no means characteristic of the anamal as much the larger portion of the 
  tail is white. the year and the tail of this anamal when compared with 
  those of the common (leer, so well comported with those of the mule when 
  compared with the horse, that we have by way of distinction adapted the 
  appellation of the mule deer which I think much more appropriate. on the 
  inner corner of each eye there is a drane or large recepicle which seems 
  to answer as a drane to the eye which gives it the appearance of weeping, 
  this in the common deer of the atlantic states is scarcely perceptable but 
  becomes more conspicuous in the fallow deer, and still more so in the Elk; 
  this recepticle in the Elk is larger than in any of the pecora order with 
  which I am acquainted. 
  = 
  Boils and imposthumes have been very common with the party Bratton is now 
  unable to work with one on his hand; soar eyes continue also to be common 
  to all of us in a greater or less degree. for the imposthume I use 
  emmolient poltices, and for soar eyes a solution of white vitriol and the 
  sugar of lead in the proportion of 2 grs. of the former and one of the 
  latter to each ounce of water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0649-1805-05-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 10th Friday 1805 river fell 3/4 of an inch last night, wind from 
  the N# W, we proceeded on but a short distance e'r'e the wind became So 
  violent we could not proceed came to on the Lard# Side in a Short bend, 
  the wind Continued all day Several times in the course of the day We had 
  some fiew drops of rain from verry black Clouds, no thunder or lightning 
  latterly, Soon after we landed a Dog came to us from the opposit Side, 
  which induced a belief that we had not passd# the Assinniboin Indians, 
  parties wer Sent on the hills in different derections to examine but Saw 
  no tents or fresh Sign. examined the arms &c# of the party found all 
  in good order. Three mule deer, two Buffalow & 5 beaver killed, 3 of 
  the mountain ram Seen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0650-1805-05-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 11th 1805. Set out this morning at an early hour, the courant 
  strong; and river very crooked; the banks are falling in very fast; I 
  sometimes wonder that some of our canoes or perogues are not swallowed up 
  by means of these immence masses of earth which are eternally 
  precipitating themselves into the river; we have had many hair breadth 
  escapes from them but providence seems so to have ordered it that we have 
  as yet sustained no loss in consequence of them. The wind blue very hard 
  the forepart of last night but abated toward morning; it again arose in 
  the after part of this day and retarded our progress very much. the high 
  lands are broken, the hills higher and approach nearer the river, tho the 
  soil of both hills and bottoms appear equally as furtile as below; it 
  consists of a black looking tome with a moderate portion of sand; the 
  hills and bluffs to the debth of 20 or thirty feet, seemed to be composed 
  entirely of this loam; when thrown in the water it desolves as readily as 
  loaf sugar and effervesses like marle. great appearance of quarts and 
  mineral salts, the latter appears both on the hills and bottoms, in the 
  bottoms of the gullies which make down from the hills it lies incrusting 
  the earth to the debth of 2 or 3 inches, and may with a fether be swept up 
  and collected in large quantities, I preserved several specimines of this 
  salts. the quarts appears most commonly in the faces of the bluffs. no 
  coal, burnt hills, or pumice stone. saw today some high hills on the 
  Stard# whose summits were covered with pine. Capt Clark went on shore and 
  visited them; he brought with him on his return som of the boughs of this 
  pine it is of the pitch kind but I think the leaves somewhat longer than 
  ours in Virginia. Capt C# also in his walk killed 2 Mule deer a beaver and 
  two buffaloe; these last he killed about 3 miles above where we encamped 
  this evening in the expectation that we would reach that place, but we 
  were unable to do so from the adverse winds and other occurrences, and he 
  came down and joined us about dark. there is a dwarf cedar growing among 
  the pine on the hills; it rises to the hight thre sometimes 4 feet, but 
  most generally spreads itself like a vine along the surface of the earth, 
  which it covers very closely, puting out roots from the underside of the 
  limbs; the leaf is finer and more delicate than the common red ceader, 
  it's fruit and smell are the same with the red ceader. the tops of these 
  hills which produce the pine and cedar is of a different soil from that 
  just described; it is a light coloured poor sterile sandy soil, the base 
  usually a yellow or white clay; it produces scarcely any grass, some 
  scattering tuffts of sedge constitutes the greater part of it's grass. 
  About 5 P#M# my attention was struck by one of the Party runing at a 
  distance towards us and making signs and hollowing as if in distress, I 
  ordered the perogues to put too, and waited untill he arrived; I now found 
  that it was Bratton the man with the soar hand whom I had permitted to 
  walk on shore, he arrived so much out of breath that it was several 
  minutes before he could tell what had happened; at length he informed me 
  that in the woody bottom on the Lard# side about 11/2 below us he had shot 
  a brown bear which immediately turned on him and pursued him a 
  considerable distance but he had wounded it so badly that it could not 
  overtake him; I immediately turned out with seven of the party in quest of 
  this monster, we at length found his trale and persued him about a mile by 
  the blood through very thick brush of rosbushes and the large leafed 
  willow; we finally found him concealed in some very thick brush and shot 
  him through the skull with two balls; we proceeded dress him as soon as 
  possible, we found him in good order; it was a monstrous beast, not quite 
  so large as that we killed a few days past but in all other rispects much 
  the same the hair is remarkably long fine and rich tho he appears 
  parshally to have discharged his winter coat; we now found that Bratton 
  had shot him through the center of the lungs, notwithstanding which he had 
  pursued him near half a mile and had returned more than double that 
  distance and with his tallons had prepared himself a bed in the earth of 
  about 2 feet deep and five long and was perfectly alive when we found him 
  which could not have been less than 2 hours after he received the wound; 
  these bear being so hard to die reather intimedates us all; I must confess 
  that I do not like the gentlemen and had reather fight two Indians than 
  one bear; there is no other chance to conquer them by a single shot but by 
  shooting them through the brains, and this becomes difficult in 
  consequence of two large muscles which cover the sides of the forehead and 
  the sharp projection of the center of the frontal bone, which is also of a 
  pretty good thickness. the flece and skin were as much as two men could 
  possibly carry. by the time we returned the sun had set and I determined 
  to remain here all night, and directed the cooks to render the bear's oil 
  and put it in the kegs which was done. there was about eight gallons of 
  it. 
  = 
  the wild Hysop grows here and in all the country through which we have 
  passed for many days past; tho from big Dry river to this place it has 
  been more abundant than below, and a smaller variety of it grows on the 
  hills, the leaves of which differ considerably being more deeply indented 
  near it's extremity. the buffaloe deer and Elk feed on this herb in the 
  winter season as they do also on the small willow of the sandbars. there 
  is another growth that begins now to make it's appearance in the bottom 
  lands and is becoming extreemly troublesome; it is a shrub which rises to 
  the hight of from two to four feet, much branched, the bark of the trunk 
  somewhat rough hard and of light grey colour; the wood is firm and stif, 
  the branches beset with a great number of long, shap, strong, wooddy 
  looking thorns; the leaf is about 3/4 or an inch long, and one 1/8 of an 
  inch wide, it is obtuse, absolutely entire, veinless fleshy and gibbose; 
  has no perceptable taste or smell, and no anamal appears to eat it. by way 
  of designating when I mention it hereafter I shall call it the fleshey 
  leafed thorn 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0651-1805-05-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May the 11th Satturday 1805. Wind hard fore part of last night the latter 
  part verry Cold a white frost this morning, the river riseing a little and 
  verry Crooked the high land is rugged and approaches nearer than below, 
  the hills and bluff exhibit more mineral quats & Salts than below, the 
  gullies in maney places are white, and their bottoms one, two & 3 
  Inches deep of this mineral, no appearance of either burnt pumice Stone or 
  Coal, the Countrey hilley on both Sides of a rich black earth, which 
  disolves This kind of Countrey Continues of the Same quallity for maney 
  miles on either Side, we observed Some hills which appeared to be 
  timbered, I walked to this timber and found it to pitch pine & Dwarf 
  Cedar, we observe in every derection Buffalow, Elk, Antelopes & Mule 
  deer inumerable and So jintle that we Could approach near them with great 
  ease, I killed 2 Mule Deer for the benifit of their Skins for the party, 
  and about the place I expected the party would get to Camp I killed 2 fat 
  Bulls for theire use, in my absence they had killed a fine fat Yellow bear 
  below which detained them and they did not reach the place I expected, but 
  had Camped on the Lard# Side about 2 miles below on my return to the party 
  I killed a fat Beaver the wind blew verry hard from the S# W# all the 
  after part of this day which retarded our progress verry much. river rose 
  2 In 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0652-1805-05-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 12th 1805. Set out at an early hour, the weather clear and 
  Calm; I walked on shore this morning for the benifit of exersize which I 
  much wanted, and also to examine the country and it's productions, in 
  these excurtions I most generally went alone armed with my rifle and 
  espontoon; thus equiped I feel myself more than an equal match for a brown 
  bear provided I get him in open woods or near the water, but feel myself a 
  little diffident with respect to an attack in the open plains, I have 
  therefore come to a resolution to act on the defencive only, should I meet 
  these gentlemen in the open country. I ascended the hills and had a view 
  of a rough and broken country on both sides of the river; on the North 
  side the summits of the hills exhibit some scattering pine and cedar, on 
  the South side the pine has not yet commenced tho there is some cedar on 
  the face of the hills and in the little ravines. the choke cherry also 
  grows here in the hollows and at the heads of the gullies; the choke 
  Cherry has been in blume since the ninth inst. this growth has freequently 
  made it's appearance on the Missouri from the neighbourhood of the 
  Baldpated Prarie, to this place in the form of it's leaf colour and 
  appearance of it's bark, and general figure of it's growth it resembles 
  much the Morillar cherry,1 tho much smaller not generally rising to a 
  greater hight than from 6 to 10 feet and ascociating in thick clusters or 
  clumps in their favorit situations which is usually the heads of small 
  ravines or along the sides of small brooks which flow from the hills. the 
  flowers which are small and white are supported by a common footstalk as 
  those of the common wild cherry are, the corolla consists of five oval 
  petals, five stamen and one pistillum, and of course of the Class and 
  order Pentandria Monogynia. it bears a fruit which much resembles the wild 
  cherry in form and colour tho larger and better flavoured; it's fruit 
  ripens about the begining of July and continues on the trees untill the 
  latter end of September ¬ The Indians of the Missouri make great uce 
  of this cherry which they prepare for food in various ways, sometimes 
  eating when first plucked from the trees or in that state pounding them 
  mashing the seed boiling them with roots or meat, or with the prarie beans 
  and white~apple; again for their winter store they geather them and lay 
  them on skins to dry in the sun, and frequently pound them and make them 
  up in small roles or cakes and dry them in the sun; when thus dryed they 
  fold them in skins or put them in bags of parchment and keep them through 
  the winter either eating them in this state or boiling them as before 
  mentioned. the bear and many birds also feed on these burries. the wild 
  hysop sage, fleshey leaf thorn, and some other herbs also grow in the 
  plains and hills, particularly the arromatic herb on which the Antelope 
  and large hare feed. The soil has now changed it's texture considerably; 
  the base of the hills and river bottoms continue the same and are composed 
  of a rich black loam while the summits of the hills and about half their 
  hight downwards are of a light brown colour, poor sterile and intermixed 
  with a coarse white sand. about 12 OClock the wind veered about to the N# 
  W# and blew so hard that we were obliged to Ly by the ballance of the day. 
  we saw great quantities of game as usual. the bottom lands still becomeing 
  narrower. 
  = 
  About sunset it began to rain, and continued to fall a few drops at a time 
  untill midnight; the wind blew violently all night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0653-1805-05-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 12th Sunday 1805. Set out at an early hour, the morning Clear and 
  Calm, Capt# Lewis walked on Shore this morning about 12 oClock the wind 
  becam Strong from the E# about half past one oClock the wind Shifted round 
  to the N# W# and blew verry hard all the latter part of the day, which 
  obliged us to Lay by ¬ The Countrey is hilley & rugged and the 
  earth of a lightish brown and but indifferent, Some Small Cedar is 
  Scattered on the Sides of the hils & in the hollars, Some pine ridges 
  is also to be Seen on the North Side, we observe great quantites of game 
  as usual. I killed a beaver in the water, Saw Several Sitting on the bank 
  near the waters edge about Sunset it began to rain, and rained very 
  moderately only a fiew drops at a time for about half the night, wind 
  Continued violent all night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0654-1805-05-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 13th 1805. The wind continued to blow so violently this morning 
  that we did not think it prudent to set out. sent out some hunters. At 1 
  P#M# the wind abated, and altho the hunters had not all returned we set 
  out; the courant reather stronger than usual and the water continues to 
  become reather clearer, from both which I anticipate a change of Country 
  shortly. the country much the same as yesterday; but little timber in the 
  bottoms and a scant proportion of pine an cedar crown the Stard# hills. 
  Capt C# who was on shore the greater part of the day killed a mule and a 
  Common deer, the party killed several deer and some Elk principally for 
  the benefit of their skins which are necessary to them for cloathing, the 
  Elk skins I now begin to reserve for making the leather boat at the falls. 
  the hunters joined us this evening; Gibson had wounded a very large brown 
  bear but it was too late in the evening to pursue him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0655-1805-05-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  13th of May Monday 1805 The wind Continued to blow hard untill one oClock 
  P M# to day at which time it fell a little and we Set out and proceeded on 
  verry well about 9 miles and Camped on the Lard Side. the countrey much 
  the Same appearance as yesterday but little timber in the bottoms; Some 
  Pine in places on the Stard# Hills. I killed two deer this evening one a 
  mule deer & the other a common Deer, the party killed Several this 
  morning all for the use of their Skins which are now good, one man Gibson 
  wounded a verry large brown bear, too late this evening to prosue him ¬  We 
  passed two Creeks in a bend to the Lard Side neither them had any water, 
  are somewhat wider; passed some high black bluffs. saw immence herds of 
  buffaloe today also Elk deer wolves and Antelopes. passed three large 
  creeks one on the Stard# and two others on the Lard# side, neither of 
  which had any runing water. Capt Clark walked on shore and killed a very 
  fine buffaloe cow. I felt an inclination to eat some veal and walked on 
  shore and killed a very fine buffaloe calf and a large woolf, much the 
  whitest I had seen, it was quite as white as the wool of the common sheep. 
  one of the party wounded a brown bear very badly, but being alone did not 
  think proper to pursue him. In the evening the men in two of the rear 
  canoes discovered a large brown bear lying in the open grounds about 300 
  paces from the river, and six of them went out to attack him, all good 
  hunters; they took the advantage of a small eminence which concealed them 
  and got within 40 paces of him unperceived, two of them reserved their 
  fires as had been previously conscerted, the four others fired nearly at 
  the same time and put each his bullet through him, two of the balls passed 
  through the bulk of both lobes of his lungs, in an instant this monster 
  ran at them with open mouth, the two who had reserved their fires 
  discharged their pieces at him as he came towards them, boath of them 
  struck him, one only slightly and the other fortunately broke his 
  shoulder, this however only retarded his motion for a moment only, the men 
  unable to reload their guns took to flight, the bear pursued and had very 
  nearly overtaken them before they reached the river; two of the party 
  betook themselves to a canoe and the others seperated an concealed 
  themselves among the willows, reloaded their pieces, each discharged his 
  piece at him as they had an opportunity they struck him several times 
  again but the guns served only to direct the bear to them, in this manner 
  he pursued two of them seperately so close that they were obliged to throw 
  aside their guns and pouches and throw themselves into the river altho the 
  bank was nearly twenty feet perpendicular; so enraged was this anamal that 
  he plunged into the river only a few feet behind the second man he had 
  compelled take refuge in the water, when one of those who still remained 
  on shore shot him through the head and finally killed him; they then took 
  him on shore and butched him when they found eight balls had passed 
  through him in different directions; the bear being old the flesh was 
  indifferent, they therefore only took the skin and fleece, the latter made 
  us several gallons of oil; it was after the sun had set before these men 
  come up with us, where we had been halted by an occurrence, which I have 
  now to recappitulate, and which altho happily passed without ruinous 
  injury, I cannot recollect but with the utmost trepidation and horror; 
  this is the upseting and narrow escape of the white perogue It happened 
  unfortunately for us this evening that Charbono was at the helm of this 
  Perogue, in stead of Drewyer, who had previously steered her; Charbono 
  cannot swim and is perhaps the most timid waterman in the world; perhaps 
  it was equally unluckey that Capt# C# and myself were both on shore at 
  that moment, a circumstance which rarely happened; and tho we were on the 
  shore opposite to the perogue, were too far distant to be heard or to do 
  more than remain spectators of her fate; in this perogue  ¿¿  were 
  embarked, our papers, Instruments, books medicine, a great part of our 
  merchandize and in short almost every article indispensibly necessary to 
  further the views, or insure the success of the enterprize in which we are 
  now launched to the distance of 2200 miles. surfice it to say, that the 
  Perogue was under sail when a sudon squawl of wind struck her obliquely, 
  and turned her considerably, the steersman allarmed, in stead of puting 
  her before the wind, lufted her up into it, the wind was so violent that 
  it drew the brace of the squarsail out of the hand of the man who was 
  attending it, and instantly upset the perogue and would have turned her 
  completely topsaturva, had it not have been from the resistance mad by the 
  oarning against the water; in this situation Capt# C and myself both fired 
  our guns to attract the attention if possible of the crew and ordered the 
  halyards to be cut and the sail hawled in, but they did not hear us; such 
  was their confusion and consternation at this moment, that they suffered 
  the perogue to lye on her side for half a minute before they took the sail 
  in, the perogue then wrighted but had filled within an inch of the 
  gunwals; Charbono still crying to his god for mercy, had not yet 
  recollected the rudder, nor could the repeated orders of the Bowsman, 
  Cruzat, bring him to his recollection untill he threatend to shoot him 
  instantly if he did not take hold of the rudder and do his duty, the waves 
  by this time were runing very high, but the fortitude resolution and good 
  conduct of Cruzat saved her; he ordered 2 of the men to throw out the 
  water with some kettles that fortunately were convenient, while himself 
  and two others rowed her ashore, where she arrived scarcely above the 
  water; we now took every article out of her and lay them to drane as well 
  as we could for the evening, baled out the canoe and secured her; there 
  were two other men beside Charbono on board who could not swim, and who of 
  course must also have perished had the perogue gone to the bottom. while 
  the perogue lay on her side, finding I could not be heard, I for a moment 
  forgot my own situation, and involluntarily droped my gun, threw aside my 
  shot pouch and was in the act of unbuttoning my coat, before I recollected 
  the folly of the attempt I was about to make, which was to throw myself 
  into the river and indevour to swim to the perogue; the perogue was three 
  hundred yards distant the waves so high that a perogue could scarcely live 
  in any situation, the water excessively could, and the stream rappid; had 
  I undertaken this project therefore, there was a hundred to one but what I 
  should have paid the forfit of my life for the madness of my project, but 
  this had the perogue been lost, I should have valued but little. After 
  having all matters arranged for the evening as well as the nature of 
  circumstances would permit, we thought it a proper occasion to console 
  ourselves and cheer the sperits of our men and accordingly took a drink of 
  grog and gave each man a gill of sperits. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0656-1805-05-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  14th of May Tuesday 1805 A verry Clear Cold morning a white frost & 
  some fog on the river the Thermomtr Stood at 32 above 0, wind from the S# 
  W# we proceeded on verry well untill about 6 oClock a Squawl of wind 
  Struck our Sale broad Side and turned the perogue nearly over, and in this 
  Situation the Perogue remained untill the Sale was Cut down in which time 
  She nearly filed with water ¬ the articles which floated out was 
  nearly all caught by the Squar who was in the rear. This accident had like 
  to have cost us deerly; for in this perogue were embarked our papers, 
  Instruments, books, medicine, a great proportion of our merchandize, and 
  in short almost every article indispensibly necessary to further the 
  views, or insure the success of the enterprize in which, we are now 
  launched to the distance of 2,200 miles. it happened unfortunately that 
  Capt# Lewis and myself were both on shore at the time of this occurrence, 
  a circumstance which seldom took place; and tho we were on the shore 
  opposit to the perogue were too far distant to be heard or do more than 
  remain spectators of her fate; we discharged our guns with the hope of 
  attracting the attention of the crew and ordered the sail to be taken in 
  but such was their consternation and confusion at the instant that they 
  did not hear us. when however they at length took in the sail and the 
  perogue wrighted; the bowsman Cruzatte by repeated threats so far brought 
  Charbono the Sternman to his recollection that he did his duty while two 
  hands bailed the perogue and Cruzatte and two others rowed her on shore 
  were she arrived scarcely above the water. we owe the preservation of the 
  perogue to the resolution and fortitude of Cruzatte 
  = 
  The Countrey like that of yesterday, passed a Small Island and the 
  enterence of 3 large Creeks, one on the Stard# & the other 2 on the 
  Lard Side, neither of them had any running water at this time ¬ Six 
  good hunters of the party fired at a Brown or Yellow Bear Several times 
  before they killed him, & indeed he had like to have defeated the 
  whole party, he pursued them Seperately as they fired on him, and was near 
  Catching Several of them one he pursued into the river, this bear was 
  large & fat would way about 500 wt; I killed a Buffalow, & Capt# 
  Lewis a Calf & a wolf this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0657-1805-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 15th as soon as a slight shower of rain passed over this 
  morning, we spread the articles to dry which had got wet yesterday in the 
  white perogue; tho the day proved so cloudy and damp that they received 
  but little benifit from the sun or air; we were enabled to put them in 
  such a state as to prevent their sustaining further injury. our hunters 
  killed several deer, and saw three bear one of which they wounded. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0658-1805-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 15th Wednesday 1805 Our medisons, Instruments, merchandize, Clothes, 
  provisions &c# &c# which was nearly all wet we had put out to air 
  and dry. the day being Cloudy & rainey those articles dried but little 
  to day ¬ our hunters killed Several deer &c# and Saw three Bear 
  one of which they wounded &c# 
  = 
  We see Buffalow on the banks dead, others floating down dead, and others 
  mired every day, those buffalow either drown in Swiming the river or brake 
  thro the ice 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0659-1805-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 16th The morning was fair and the day proved favorable to our 
  operations; by 4 oClock in the evening our Instruments, Medicine, 
  merchandize provision &c, were perfectly dryed, repacked and put on 
  board the perogue. the loss we sustained was not so great as we had at 
  first apprehended; our medicine sustained the greatest injury, several 
  articles of which were intirely spoiled, and many others considerably 
  injured; the ballance of our losses consisted of some gardin seeds, a 
  small quantity of gunpowder, and a few culinary articles which fell 
  overboard and sunk, the Indian woman to whom I ascribe equal fortitude and 
  resolution, with any person onboard at the time of the accedent, caught 
  and preserved most of the light articles which were washed overboard all 
  matters being now arranged for our departure we lost no time in seting 
  out; proceeced on tolerably well about seven miles and encamped on the 
  Stard# side. in the early part of the day two of our men fired on a 
  panther, a little below our encampment, and wounded it; they informed us 
  that it was very large, had just killed a deer partly devoured it, and in 
  the act of concealing the ballance as they discovered him. we caught two 
  Antelopes at our encampment in attempting to swim the river; these anamals 
  are but lean as yet, and of course not very pleasant food. I walked on 
  shore this evening and killed a buffaloe cow and calf, we found the calf 
  most excellent veal. the country on either side of the river is broken and 
  hills much higher than usual, the bottoms now become narrow and the timber 
  more scant; some scattering pine and cedar on the steep declivities of the 
  hills. this morning a white bear toar Labuiche's coat which he had left 
  in the plains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0660-1805-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 16th Thursday 1805 a fair morning our articles all out to Dry at 4 
  oClock we had every thing that was Saved dry and on bord, our loss is Some 
  medison, Powder, Seeds, & Several articles which Sunk, and maney 
  Spoiled had a medn. altitude which gave for Latd# ° ' " N# ¬ two of 
  our men fired at a pant hr a little below our Camp, this animale they say 
  was large, had Caught a Deer & eate it half & buried the ballance. 
  a fiew antilope Swam the river near our Camp two of them were Cought by 
  the party in the river. at half past 4 oClock we Set out and proceeded on 
  verry well  ¿¿  miles and incamped on the Std# Side the Countrey as before 
  hilley & broken verry Small proprotion of timber in the points, Some 
  little pine & Ceader in the hills 
  = 
  Buffalow & Deer is yet plenty on the river in the small timbered 
  bottoms Capt Lewis walked out on the Std# Side and killed a Cow & Calf 
  the calf was verry fine their bases. it is somewhat singular that the 
  lower part of these hills appear to be formed of a dark rich loam while 
  the upper region about 150 feet is formed of a whiteish brown sand, so 
  hard in many parts as to resemble stone; but little rock or stone of any 
  kind to be seen in these hills. the river is much narrower than usual, the 
  bed from 200 to 300 yards only and possessing a much larger proportion of 
  gravel than usual. a few scattering cottonwood trees are the only timber 
  near the river; the sandbars, and with them the willow points have almost 
  entirely disappeared. greater appearance than usual of the saline 
  incrustations of the banks and river hills. we passed two creeks the one 
  on Stard# side, and the other just below our camp on the Lard# side; each 
  of these creeks afford a small quantity of runing water, of a brackish 
  tast. the great number of large beds of streams perfectly dry which we 
  daily pass indicate a country but badly watered, which I fear is the case 
  with the country through which we have been passing for the last fifteen 
  or twenty days. Capt Clark walked on shore this evening and killed an Elk; 
  buffaloe are not so abundant as they were some days past. the party with 
  me killed a female brown bear, she was but meagre, and appeared to have 
  suckled young very recently. Capt# Clark narrowly escaped being bitten by 
  a rattlesnake in the course of his walk, the party killed one this evening 
  at our encampment, which he informed me was similar to that he had seen; 
  this snake is smaller than those common to the middle Atlantic States, 
  being about 2 feet 6 inches long; it is of a yellowish brown colour on the 
  back and sides, variagated with one row of oval spots of a dark brown 
  colour lying transversely over the back from the neck to the tail, and two 
  other rows of small circular spots of the same colour which garnis the 
  sides along the edge of the scuta. it's bely contains 176 scuta on the 
  belly and 17 on the tale. Capt Clark informed me that he saw some coal 
  which had been brought down by the water of the last creek we passed; this 
  creek also throws out considerable quantities of Driftwood, though there 
  is no timber on it which can be perceived from the Missouri; we called 
  this stream rattlesnake creek. Capt Clark saw an Indian fortifyed camp 
  this evening, which appeared to have been recently occupyed, from which we 
  concluded it was probable that it had been formed by a war party of the 
  Menetares who left their vilage in March last with a view to attack the 
  blackfoot Indians in consequence of their having killed some of their 
  principal warriors the previous autumn. we were roused late at night by 
  the Sergt# of the guard, and warned of the danger we were in from a large 
  tree that had taken fire and which leant immediately over our lodge. we 
  had the loge removed, and a few minutes after a large proportion of the 
  top of the tree fell on the place the lodge had stood; had we been a few 
  minutes later we should have been crushed to attoms. the wind blew so 
  hard, that notwithstanding the lodge was fifty paces distant from the fire 
  it sustained considerable injury from the burning coals which were thrown 
  on it; the party were much harrassed also by this fire which communicated 
  to a collection of fallen timber, and could not be extinguished. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0661-1805-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 17th Friday 1805 a fine morning wind from the N W# mercury at 60° a 0. 
  river falling a little. we Set out at an early hour and proceeded on verry 
  well by the assistance of the Toe rope principally, the Countrey verry 
  rugged & hills high and the river washing the base on each Side, Great 
  appearance of the Salt Substance. a fiew Cotton trees is the only timber 
  which is Scattered in the bottoms & the hills contain a fiew Pine 
  & Cedar, which is Scattered. river much narrower than below from 2 to 
  300 yards wide, the bottoms muddey & hills rich earth except near 
  their topes ¬ We passed 2 large Creeks to day one on the Starbd Side 
  and the other just below our camp on the Lard# Side each of those creeks 
  has a little running water near their mouthes which has a brackish taste, 
  I was nearly treading on a Small fierce rattle Snake different from any I 
  had ever Seen &c# one man the party killed another of the Same kind. I 
  walked on Shore after dinner & killed an Elk ¬ the party in my 
  absence Killed a female Brown or yellow Bear which was meagre the 
  appearances of the Hills & Countrey is as before mentioned except a 
  greater appearance of the white appearance of Salts or tarter and Some 
  Coal which has been thrown out by the floods in the last Creek ¬  Buffalow 
  & Deer is not plenty to day, Elk is yet to be Seen in abundance we 
  Camped in the upper part of a Small timbered bottom on the Lard# Side in 
  which I Saw a fortified Indian Camp, which I Suppose is one of the Camps 
  of a Mi ne tar re war party of about 15 men, that Set out from their 
  village in March last to war against the Blackfoot Indians. 
  = 
  we were roused late at night and warned of the danger of fire from a tree 
  which had Cought and leaned over our Lodge, we had the lodge moved Soon 
  after the Dry limbs & top of the tree fell in the place the Lodge 
  Stood, the wind blew hard and the dry wood Cought & fire flew in every 
  direction, burnt our Lodge verry much from the Coals which fell on it 
  altho at Some distance in the plain, the whole party was much disturbed by 
  this fire which could not be extinguished &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0662-1805-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 18th 1805. The wind blew hard this morning from the West. we 
  were enabled to employ our toe line the greater part of the day and 
  therefore proceeded on tolerably well. there are now but few sandbars, the 
  river is narrow and current gentle. the timber consists of a few 
  cottonwood trees along the verge of the river; the willow has in a great 
  measure disappeared. in the latter part of the day the hills widened, the 
  bottoms became larger, and contained more timber. we passed a creek on the 
  Stard# side about three oclock, which afforded no water; came too and 
  encamped on the Lard# side opposite to the lower point of a small Island, 
  two miles short of the extremity of the last course of this day. Capt 
  Clark in the course of his walk this evening killed four deer, two of 
  which were the black tailed or mule deer; the skins are now good, they 
  have not yet produced their young. we saw a number of buffaloe, Elk, 
  deer and Antelopes. the saline substance frequently mentioned 
  continues to appear as usual. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0663-1805-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 18th Satturday 1805 A windey morning wind from the West we proceeded 
  on verry well with the assistance of the Toe Coard, river narrow but flew 
  Sand bars, & current jentle, but a few Cotton Trees Contained in the 
  bottoms willow is not common on the bears as usial Some little on the 
  Sides of the river is yet to be Seen, the after part of the day was Cloudy 
  & at about 12 oClock it began to rain and continued moderately for 
  about 11/2 hours, not Sufficient to wet a man thro his clothes; this is 
  the first rain Since we Set out this Spring The hills widen and the 
  bottoms Contain more timber than for Several days past, we passed a Wisers 
  Creek on the Std# Side about 3 oClock and Camped on the Lard Side opposit 
  the lower point of a handsom little Island near the middle of the river. I 
  walked on Shore and killed four Deer, 2 common & 2 mule deer, one of 
  which had 3 fauns, 2 others had 2 each, those deer are fat, & their 
  Skins tolerable good, which are now in demand with us for clothes Such as 
  Legins & Mockersons, I Saw great numbers of Buffalows & Elk; Some 
  of the party Shoot & Catch beaver every day & night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0664-1805-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 19th 1805. The last night was disagreeably could; we were 
  unable to set out untill 8 oclock A#M# in consequence of a heavy fogg, 
  which obscured the river in such a manner that we could not see our way; 
  this is the first we have experienced in any thing like so great a degree; 
  there was also a fall of due last evening, which is the second we have 
  experienced since we have entered this extensive open country. at eight we 
  set out and proceeded as yesterday by means of the cord principally, the 
  hills are high and the country similar to that of yesterday. Capt Clark 
  walked on shore with two of the hunters and killed a brown bear; 
  notwithstanding that it was shot through the heart it ran at it's usual 
  pace near a quarter of a mile before it fell. one of the party wounded a 
  beaver, and my dog as usual swam in to catch it; the beaver bit him 
  through the hind leg and cut the artery; it was with great difficulty that 
  I could stop the blood; I fear it will yet prove fatal to him. on Capt# 
  Clark's return he informed me that he had from the top of one of the 
  adjacent hights discovered the entrance of a large stream which discharged 
  itself into the Missouri on the Lard# side distant 6 or seven miles; from 
  the same place he also saw a range of Mountains, bearing W# distant 40 or 
  50 miles; they appeared to proceed in a S# S# W# direction; the N# N# E# 
  extremity of these mountains appeared abrupt. 
  = 
  This afternoon the river was croked, rappid and containing more sawyers 
  than we have seen in the same space since we left the entrance of the 
  river Platte. Capt# C# in the course of his walk killed three deer and a 
  beaver, I also walked on shore this evening a few miles and killed an Elk, 
  a buck, and a beaver. the party killed and caught 4 other beaver & 3 
  deer. 
  = 
  The men complain much of sore eyes and imposthumes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0665-1805-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 19th Sunday 1805 a verry cold night, the murckery Stood at 38 at 8 
  oClock this morning, a heavy dew which is the 2d I have Seen this Spring. 
  The fog (which was the first) was So thick this morning that we could not 
  Set out untill the Sun was about 2 hours up, at which time a Small breeze 
  Sprung up from the E# which Cleared off the fog & we proceeded on by 
  means of the Cord The hills are high & rugged the Countrey as 
  yesterday ¬ I walked on Shore with two men we killed a white or grey 
  bear; not withstanding that it was Shot through the heart it ran at it's 
  usial pace near a quarter of a mile before it fell. Capt Lewis's dog was 
  badly bitten by a wounded beaver and was near bleading to death. after 
  killing the Bear I continued my walk alone, & killed 3 Deer & a 
  Beaver; finding that the Perogues were below I assended the highest hill I 
  could See, from the top of which I Saw the mouth of M# Shell R & the 
  meanderings of the Missouri for a long distance. I also Saw a high 
  mountain in a westerley direction, bearing S# S W# about 40 or 50 miles 
  distant, in the evening the river was verry Crooked and much more rapid 
  & Containing more Sawyers than any which we have passed above the 
  River Platte Capt Lewis walked on Shore this after noon & killed an 
  Elk, Buck & a Beaver, I kiled three Deer at dinner, the hunters killed 
  three other Deer to day Several beaver also killed. We Camped on the Stard 
  Side in a bottom of Small Cotton wood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0666-1805-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 20th 1805 Set out at an early hour as usual, the banks being 
  favourable and water strong we employed the toe rope principally; river 
  narrow and croked; country much as that of yesterday; immence number of 
  the prickley pears in the plains and on the hills. At the distance of 21/4 
  miles passed the entrance of a large Creek, affording but little water; 
  this stream we named Blowing Fly Creek, from the immence quantities of 
  those insects found in this neighbourhood, they infest our meat while 
  roasting or boiling, and we are obliged to brush them off our provision as 
  we eat. At 11 A#M# we arrived at the entrance of a handsome bold river 
  which discharges itself into the Missouri on the Lard# side; this stream 
  we take to be that called by the Minnetares the  ¿¿  or Muscleshell River; 
  if it be the same, of which I entertain but little doubt, it takes it's 
  rise, by their information in the 1st Chain of the Rocky Mountains at no 
  great distance from the Yellow stone river, from whence in it's course to 
  this place it passes through a high and broken country pretty well 
  timbered, particularly on it's borders, and intersperced with handsome 
  fertile plains and medows. but from the circumstance of the same Indians 
  informing us that we should find a well timbered country in the 
  neighbourhood of it's mouth, I am induced to beleive that the timbered 
  country of which they speak is similar to that we have passed for a day or 
  two, or that in our view above, which consists of nothing more than a few 
  scattering small scrubby pine and dwarf cedar on the summits of some of 
  the highest hills nine tenths of the country being wholy destitute of 
  timber of any kind, covered with a short grass, arromatic herbs and the 
  prickley pear; the river bottom however, so far as we have explored it or 
  8 m# are well stocked with Cottonwood timber of tollerable size, & 
  lands of excellent quality. We halted at thentrance of the river on the 
  point formed by it's junction with the Missouri determining to spend the 
  day, make the necessary observations and send out some hunters to explore 
  the country. The Muscle Shell river falls into the Missouri 2270 miles 
  above it's mouth, and is 110 yards in width, it affords much more water 
  than streams of it's width generally do below, it's courant is by no means 
  rappid, and from appearances it might be navigated with canoes a 
  considerable distance; it's bed is coarse sand and gravel principally with 
  an occasion mixture of black mud; it's banks abbrupt and about 12 feet 
  high yet never appear to overflow; the waters of this river is of a 
  greenish yellow cast, much more transparent than the Missouri, which last 
  is also much more transparent than below but still retains it's whiteish 
  hue and a proportion of it's sedement. the Missouri opposite to this point 
  is deep, gentle in it's courant, and 222 yards in width. The hunters 
  returned this evening and informed us that the country continued much the 
  same in appearance as that we saw where we were or broken, and that about 
  five miles abe the mouth of shell river a handsome river of about fifty 
  yards in width discharged itself into the shell river on the Stard# or 
  upper side; this stream we called Sah~ca~gar me~ah or bird woman's River, 
  after our interpreter the Snake woman. Shields also found a bould spring 
  or fountain issuing from the foot of the Lard# hills about 4 miles up the 
  Missouri; a fountain in this plain country is a great novelty; I have not 
  seen a bould fountain of pure water except one since I left the Mandans; 
  there a number of small ones but all without exception are impregnated 
  with the salts which abound in this country, and with which I believe the 
  Missoury itself considerably impregnated but to us in the habit of useing 
  it not perceptible; the exception I make is a very fine fountain under the 
  bluffs on the Lard# side of the Missouri and at a distance from the river 
  about five miles below the entrance of the yellowstone River. The sands of 
  the Missouri are not so abundant as they have been for some time past, 
  being confined to the points only; the bed of the river principally mud 
  and still too deep to use the seting pole. Capt# Clark walked out today 
  and killed two deer and an Elk, the hunters killed 4 deer and elk and a 
  buffaloe. I saw two large Owls with remarkable long feathers on the sides 
  of the head which resembled ears; I take them to be the large hooting owl 
  tho they are somewhat larger and their colours brighter than those common 
  to the J States. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0667-1805-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 20th Monday 1805 a fine morning wind from the N E# river falling a 
  little We Set out at 7 oClock and proceeded on verry well as usial by the 
  assistance of the Cord passed Some verry Swift water, river narrow and 
  Crooked, at 11 oClock arrived at the mouth of Shell river on the Lard Side 
  and formed a Camp for the present. haveing passed a large Creek about 4 
  miles below on the Ld Side which we call Blowing fly Creek from the emence 
  quantites of those insects which geather on our meat in Such numbers that 
  we are oblige to brush them off what we eate. 
  = 
  muscle Shell River falls in on Lard Side 2270 miles up Contains a greater 
  perportion of water than Rivers of its Size below, I measured it and find 
  it to be 110 yards wide, the water of a Greenish yellow Colour, and appers 
  to be navagable for Small Craft, The Minetarras inform us that this river 
  heads in the 1st of the rockey Mountains & passes through a broken 
  Countrey. its head at no great distance from the Yellow Stone River The 
  Countrey about this river as described yesterday we took the Meredian 
  altitude 59° 50' 0" back observation and found the Latd# to be 47° 0' 24" 
  = 
  The Missouri at the mouth of Shell River is 222 yards wide with a Smoth 
  Current the Missouri water is not So muddey as below, but retains nearly 
  its usial Cholour, and the Sands principally Confined to the points I 
  killed two Deer & an Elk, the hunters killed an Elk & Several deer 
  mearly for their Skins to make Leagins, ¬ Sent men out in every 
  derection, the Countrey generally verry broken Some leavel plains up the 
  Shell river The bottoms of the Shell river is well timbered as also a 
  Small river which falls into that river on the upper Side 5 miles above 
  its mouth. The hills on the Lard# Contain Scattering Pine & Cedar. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0668-1805-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 21st 1805 A delightfull morning set out at an early hour and 
  proceeded on very well, imployed the chord principally; the shores are 
  abbrupt and bould and composed of a black and yellow clay; see no 
  extensive collection of pure sand, the bars are composed black mud and a 
  small poportion of fine sand; the courant still pretty strong. the 
  Missouri in it's course downward makes a suddon and extensive bend to 
  receive the Muscle shell river, the point of country thus formed tho high 
  is still much lower than that surrounding it, thus forming a valley of 
  wavey country which extends itself for a great distance in a Northerly 
  direction; the soil is fertile, produces a fine turf of low grass and some 
  herbs, also immence quantities of the Prickley pear, without a stick of 
  timber of any discription. the country on the South side is high broken 
  and crowned with some scrubby pines and dwarf cedar; the leaf of this pine 
  is much longer than the common pitch or red pine of Virginia, the cone is 
  also longer and slimer, and the imbrications wider and thicker, and the 
  whole frequently covered with rosin. Mineral appearances as usual. the 
  growse or praire hen are now less abundant on the river than they were 
  below; perhaps they betake themselves to the open plains at a distance 
  from the river at this season. 
  = 
  The wind which was moderate all the fore part of the day continued to 
  encrease in the evening, and about dark veered about to N# W# and blew a 
  storm all night, in short we found ourselves so invelloped with clouds of 
  dust and sand that we could neither cook, eat, nor sleep; and were finally 
  compelled to remove our lodge about eight oClock at night to the foot of 
  an adjacent hill where we were covered in some measure from the wind by 
  the hills. several loose articles blown over board and lost. our first 
  station was on a bar on Stard# opposite the lower point of a small Island, 
  which we now called windy Island. the bends of the river are short and 
  suddon, the points covered with some cottonwood, larger willow, or 
  broadleafed willow with an abundance of the wild rose and some small 
  honeysuckle bushes constitute the undergrowth, the redwood is also found 
  in small quantities. Capt# C walked on shore today and killed 2 Elk; the 
  party killed several deer and a buffaloe Cow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0669-1805-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 21st Tuesday 1805. a butifull morning, wind from the West, river 
  falling a little, we Set out at an early hour and proceed on in the usial 
  way by the assistance of the Coard principally, but little use of the 
  Oares & less with the poles as the bottoms are muddey, we Se no great 
  bodies of pure Sand the bars & points are rich mud mixed with fine 
  Sand. I walked on Shore Stard# Side the river makes a great bend to the 
  South to receve Shell River, the boint for many miles out in a Northerley 
  direction is a rich uneaven valley Contain Some Short grass, and Prickley 
  pears without timber The Countrey on the South Side of the Missouri is 
  high, Soil and mineral appearance as usial, more Scattering pine & 
  Cedar on the hills, the wind which blew moderatly all the forepart of the 
  day increassd and about Dark Shifted to the N W# and Stormed all night, 
  Several loose articles were blown over board, our lodge & Camp which 
  was on a Sand bar on the Std# Side & opposite to the lower point of an 
  Island we were obliged to move under the hills, the dust & Sand blew 
  in clouds. The bends of the river are Short and points Covered with Cotton 
  wood under groth wild rose bushes I killed 2 Elk to day Several Deer 
  Killd# & a Buffalow Cow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0670-1805-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 22cd 1805. The wind blew so violently this morning that we 
  did not think it prudent to set out untill it had in some measure abated; 
  this did not happen untill 10 A#M# when we proceeded principally by the 
  toe lines the bottoms somewhat wider than usual, the lands fertile or 
  apparently so tho the short grass and the scantey proportion of it on the 
  hills would indicate no great fertility. passed Windy Island on Lard# at 1 
  M# 51/2 miles above passed a large Island in a bend on Stard# side, and 
  three miles further on the same side passed the entrance of grows Creek 20 
  yds wide, affords but little water. this creek we named from seeing a 
  number of the pointed tail praire hen near it's mouth, these are the fist 
  we have seen in such numbers for some days. I walked on shore this morning 
  the country is not so broken as yesterday tho still high and roling or 
  wavy; the hills on Lard# side possess more pine than usual; some also on 
  the Stard# hills. Salts and other mineral appearances as usual. the river 
  continues about the same width or from 200 to 250 yds# wide, fewer 
  sandbars and the courant more gentle and regular; game not so abundant as 
  below the Muscle Shell river. I killed a deer in the course of my walk 
  today. Capt# C# also walked out this evening and took a view of the 
  country from a conspicuous point and found it the same as has been 
  discribed. we have caught but few fish since we left the Mandans, they do 
  not bite freely, what we took were the white cat of 2 to 5 lbs. I presume 
  that fish are scarce in this part of the river. We encamped earlyer this 
  evening than usual in order render the oil of a bear which we killed. I do 
  not believe that the Black bear common to the lower part of this river and 
  the Atlantic States, exists in this quarter; we have neither seen one of 
  them nor their tracks which would be easily distinguished by it's 
  shortness of tallons when compared with the brown grizly or white bear. I 
  believe that it is the same species or family of bears which assumes all 
  those colours at different ages and seasons of the year. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0671-1805-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 22nd Wednesday 1805 The wind Continued to blow So violently hard we 
  did not think it prudent to Set out untill it luled a little, about 10 
  oClock we Set out the morning Cold, passed a Small Island in the bend to 
  the Lard Side, & proceeded on at 5 miles higher passed a Island in a 
  bend to the Stard Side, and a Creek a Short distance above on the Stard 
  Side 20 yds# w Capt Lewis walked out before dinner & Killed a Deer, I 
  walked out after dinner and assended & but a few miles to view the 
  Countrey, which I found roleing & of a verry rich Stickey Soil 
  produceing but little vegitation of any kind except the prickley~piar, but 
  little grass & that verry low. a great deal of Scattering Pine on the 
  Lard Side & Some fur on the Stard# Sd# The mineral productions as 
  described in the proceeding days, game not So abundant as below, the river 
  Continue about the Same width, fewer Sand bars & current more regular, 
  river falls about an inch a day We camped on the Stard# Side, earlier than 
  we intend on account of Saveing the oil of a bear which the party killed 
  late this afternoon. 
  = 
  Maney of the Creeks which appear to have no water near ther mouths have 
  Streams of running water higher up which rise & waste in the Sand or 
  gravel. the water of those Creeks are So much impregnated with the Salt 
  Substance that it cannot be Drank with pleasure. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0672-1805-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 23rd 1805. Set out early this morning, the frost was severe 
  last night, the ice appeared along the edge of the water, water also 
  freized on the oars. at the distance of one mile passed the entrance of a 
  creek 15 yds# wide on Stard# side, this we call Teapot Creek, it affords 
  no water at it's mouth but has runing water at some small distance above, 
  this I beleive to be the case with many of those creekes which we have 
  passed since we entered this hilley country, the water is absorbed by the 
  earth near the river and of course appear dry; they afford but little 
  water at any rate, and that is so strongly impregnated with these salts 
  that it is unfit for uce; all the wild anamals appear fond of this water; 
  I have tryed it by way of experiment & find it moderately pergative, 
  but painfull to the intestens in it's opperation. this creek runs directly 
  towards some low mountains which lye N# W# of it and appear to be about 30 
  mes# distant, perhaps it heads in them. This range of mountains appear to 
  be about 70 miles long runing from E to W# having their Eastern extremity 
  about 30 mes# distant in a northwardly direction from pot Island. also 
  passed two small creeks on Lard# and two others on Stard# all 
  inconsiderable and dry at their entrances. just above the entrance of 
  Teapot Creek on the stard. there is a large assemblage of the burrows of 
  the Burrowing Squirrel they generally seelect a south or a south Easterly 
  exposure for their residence, and never visit the brooks or river for 
  water; I am astonished how this anamal exists as it dose without water, 
  particularly in a country like this where there is scarcely any rain 
  during Yi of the year and more rarely any due; yet we have sometimes found 
  their villages at the distance of five or six miles from any water, and 
  they are never found out of the limits of the ground which their burrows 
  occupy; in the Autumn when the hard frosts commence they close their 
  burrows and do not venture out again untill spring, indeed some of them 
  appear to be yet in winter quarters. passed 3 Islands the two first 
  covered with tall cottonwood timber and the last with willows only. river 
  more rappid, & the country much the same as yesterday. some spruce 
  pine of small size appears among the pitch pine, and reather more rock 
  than usual on the face of the hills. The musquetoes troublesome this 
  evening, a circumstance I did not expect from the temperature of the 
  morning. The Gees begin to lose the feathers of their wings and are unable 
  to fly. Capt Clark walked on shore and killed 4 deer and an Elk. We killed 
  a large fat brown bear which took the water after being wounded and was 
  carried under some driftwood where he sunk and we were unable to get him. 
  Saw but few buffaloe today, but a great number of Elk, deer, some 
  antelopes and 5 bear. The wild rose which is now in blume are very 
  abundant, they appear to differ but little from those common to the 
  Atlantic States, the leaves of the bushes and the bush itself appear to be 
  of somewhat smaller size. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0673-1805-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 23rd Thursday 1805 a Severe frost last night, the Thrmotr. Stood at 
  the freesing point this morning i e 32 a 0. wind S W# the water freeses on 
  the oars. Ice on the edge of the river we Set out at an early hour and 
  passed the mouth a Creek at 1 mile on the Stard# Side which heads in a 
  mountain N W of its mouth 30 or  ¿¿ _ miles, the Countrey on each Side is 
  as passed yesterday passed 2 Small Creeks on the Stard & 2 on the 
  Lard# Side to day. a mountain which appears to be 60 or 70 miles long 
  bearing E# & W is about 25 miles distant from this river on the Stard 
  Side Notherley of Pot Island I walked on Shore and killed 4 deer & an 
  Elk, & a beaver in the evening we killed a large fat Bear, which we 
  unfortunately lost in the river, after being Shot took the water & was 
  Carried under a drift passed in course of this day three Islands, two of 
  them Covered with tall timber & a 3rd with willows 
  = 
  The after part of this day was worm & the Misquitors troublesome. Saw 
  but five Buffalow a number of Elk & Deer & 5 bear & 2 
  Antilopes to day. the river beginning to rise, and Current more rapid than 
  yesterday, in maney places I saw Spruces on the hills Sides Stard# this 
  evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0674-1805-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 24th 1805. 
  = 
  The water standing in the vessels freized during the night 1/8 of an inch 
  thick, ice also appears along the verge of the river. the folage of some 
  of the cottonwood trees have been entirely distroyed by the frost and are 
  again puting forth other buds. the high country in which we are at present 
  and have been passing for some days I take to be a continuation of what 
  the Indians as well as the French Engages call the Black hills. This tract 
  of country so called consists of a collection of high broken and irregular 
  hills and short chain of mountains sometimes 120 miles in width and again 
  becomeing much narrower, but always much higher than the country on either 
  side; they commence about the head of the Kanzas river and to the West of 
  that river near the Arkansas, from whence they take their course a little 
  to the W# of N# W# approaching the rockey Mountains obliquely, passing the 
  river platte above the forks and intercepting the Yellowstone river near 
  the big bend and passing the Missouri at this place and probably 
  continuing to swell the country as far North as the Saskashawan river tho 
  they are lower here than they are discribed to the Sth. and may therefore 
  probably terminate before they reach the Suskashawan. the black hills in 
  their course nothwardly appear to approach more nearly to the Rocky 
  Mountains. 
  = 
  We set out at an early hour this morning and proceed on principally by the 
  chord untill about 9 A#M# when a fine breeze sprung up from the S# E# and 
  enabled us though the ballance of the day to employ our sails to 
  advantage; we proceed at a pretty good pace notwithstanding the courant of 
  the river was very strong. we passed two large and four small Islands; 
  also several streams on either side; the first of these is a large Creek 
  or small river which disinboged on the Stard# side about 11/2 miles above 
  our encampment of last evening, it is 30 yards wide and contains some 
  water. the bed is gravley and intermixed with some stone, it takes its 
  rise in the mountains which are situated in a Northwardly direction from 
  its entrance, distant about 30 miles. the air is so pure in this open 
  country that mountains and other elivated objects appear much nearer than 
  they really are; these mountains do not appear to be further than 15 m# we 
  sent a man up this creek to explore the country he returned late in the 
  evening and informed that he had proceeded ten miles directly towards 
  these mountains and that he did not think himself by any mean half way 
  these mountains are rockey and covered with some scattering pine. This 
  stream we call North Mountain creek. the next stream in order is a creek 
  which falls in on Lard# 21/2 miles higher; this is 15 yds# wide no water; 
  a large village of the burrowing or barking squirrels on the Stard# side 
  opposite it's entrance, hence the name Little dog Ck. that being the name 
  by which the French Engages call this anamal. at three miles and at 10 ms# 
  from hence still ascending 2 Small creek fall in on the Stard# side, no 
  water. 51/2 miles higher a small river falls in on Lard# side this we 
  called South Mountain creek as from it's direction it appeared to take 
  it's rise in a range of Mountains lying in a S# Westerly direction from 
  it's entrance distant 50 or 60 m#; this creek is 40 yards wide and 
  discharges a handsome stream of water. it's bed is rockey with gravel and 
  sand, the banks high and country broken it's bottom narrow and no timber. 
  The country high and broken, a considerable portion of black rock and 
  brown sandy rock appear in the faces of the hills; the tops of the hills 
  covered with scattering pine spruce and dwarf cedar; the soil poor and 
  sterile, sandy near the tops of the hills, the whole producing but little 
  grass; the narrow bottoms of the Missouri producing little else but Hysop 
  or southern wood and the pulpy leafed thorn. Capt# Clark walked on shore 
  this evening and killed a buffaloe cow, we left 2 Canoes and six men to 
  dress the Cow and bring on the meat, they did not overtake us this 
  evening. game is becoming more scarce, particularly beaver, of which we 
  have seen but few for several days the beaver appears to keep pace with 
  the timber as it declines in quantity they also become more scarce. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0675-1805-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 24th Friday 1805 a Cold night the water in the Small vestles frosed 
  1/8 of an inch thick, and the thermometer Stood this morning at the 
  freesing point. we Set out at an early hour and proceeded on, at 9 oClock 
  we had a Breeze from the S E which Continued all day. This Breeze afforded 
  us good Sailing, the river rising fast Current verry rapid. passed Several 
  Small Islands, two large & two Small Creeks, the 1st of those Creeks 
  or Small rivers 11/2 m# above our Camp is 30 yards wide and Contains water 
  and appears to take its rise in the North Mountns. which is Situated in a 
  northerley detection about 20 miles distant. 21/2 m# higher a Creek falls 
  in on the Lard# Side, opposit a large village of Barking Squirels. 3 miles 
  Still higher a Small Creek falls in on the Stard# 13 miles higher up a 
  Small river falls in on the Lard Side which is 40 yards wide and has 
  running water. This Stream appears to take its rise in the South Mountains 
  which is Situated in a Southerly direction 30 or 40 miles distant. I 
  walked on the high countrey on the Stard# Side found it broken & Dry 
  Some pine, Spruce & Dwarf Cedar on the hill sides, I Sent one man 10 
  mile out he reports a Similarity of Countrey back I killed a fat buffalow 
  a Short distance below the place we dined 2 Canoes & 6 men we left to 
  get the meat did not join us this evening. we Camped on the Lard point. 
  the Cotton wood in this point is beginning to put out a Second bud, the 
  first being killed by the frost 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0676-1805-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 25th 1805. The Two canoes which we left behind yesterday to 
  bring on the meat did not arrive this morning untill 8 A M# at which time 
  we set out; the wind being against us we did not proceed with so much ease 
  or expedition as yesterday, we imployed the toe line principally which the 
  banks favored the uce off; the courant strong particularly arround the 
  points against which the courant happened to set, and at the entrances of 
  the little gullies from the hills, those rivulets having brought down 
  considerable quantities of stone and deposited it at their entrances 
  forming partial barriers to the water of the river to the distance of 40 
  or 50 feet from the shore, arround these the water run with great 
  violence, and compelled us in some instances to double our force in order 
  to get a perorogue or canoe by them. as we ascended the river today I saw 
  several gangs of the bighorned Anamals on the face of the steep bluffs and 
  clifts on the Stard# side and sent drewyer to kill one which he 
  accomplished; Capt# Clark and Bratton who were on shore each killed one of 
  these anamals this evening. The head and horns of the male which Drewyer 
  killed weighed 27 lbs. it was somewhat larger than the male of the common 
  deer, the boddy reather thicker deeper and not so long in proportion to 
  it's hight as the common deer; the head and horns are remakably large 
  compared with the other part of the anamal; the whole form is much more 
  delicate than that of the common goat, and there is a greater disparity in 
  the size of the male and female than between those of either the deer or 
  goat. the eye is large and prominant, the puple of a deep sea green and 
  small, the iris of a silvery colour much like the common sheep; the bone 
  above the eye is remarkably prominant; the head nostrils and division of 
  the upper lip are precisely in form like the sheep. there legs resemble 
  the sheep more than any other animal with which I am acquainted tho they 
  are more delicately formed, like the sheep they stand forward in the knee 
  and the lower joint of the foreleg is smallest where it joins the knee, 
  the hoof is black & large in proportion, is divided, very open and 
  roundly pointed at the toe, like the sheep; is much hollowed and sharp on 
  the under edge like the Scotch goat, has two small hoofs behind each foot 
  below the ankle as the goat sheep and deer have. the belley, inside of the 
  legs, and the extremity of the rump and butocks for about two inches 
  arround the but of the tale, are white, as is also the tale excet just at 
  it's extremity on the upper side which is of a dark brown. the tail is 
  about three inches in length covered with short hair, or at least not 
  longer than that of the boddy; the outher parts of the anamal are of a 
  duskey brown or reather a leadcoloured light brown; the anamal is now 
  sheding it's winter coat which is thick not quite as long as that of the 
  deer and appears to be intermixed with a considerable quantity of a fine 
  fur which lyes next to the skin & conceald by the coarcer hear; the 
  shape of the hair itself is celindric as that of the antelope is but is 
  smaller shorter, and not compressed or flattened as that of the deer's 
  winter coat is, I believe this anamal only sheds it's hair once a year. it 
  has eight fore teeth in the under jaw and no canine teeth. The horns are 
  lagest at their base, and occupy the crown of the head almost entirely. 
  they are compressed, bent backwards and lunated; the surface swelling into 
  wavy rings which incircleing the horn continue to succeed each other from 
  the base to the extremity and becoming less elivated and more distant as 
  they recede from the head. the horn for about two thirds of it's length is 
  filled with a porus bone which is united with the frontal bone. I obtained 
  the bones of the upper part of the head of this animal at the big bone 
  lick. the horns of the female are small, but are also compress bent 
  backwards and incircled with a succession of wavy rings. the horn is of a 
  light brown colour; when dressed it is almost white extreemly transparent 
  and very elastic. this horn is used by the natives in constructing their 
  bows; I have no doubt but it would eligant and ucefull hair combs, and 
  might probably answer as many valuable purposes to civilized man, as it 
  dose to the savages, who form their watercups spoons and platters of it. 
  the females have already brought forth their young indeed from the size of 
  the young I suppose that they produce them early in March. they have from 
  one to two at a birth. they feed on grass but principally on the arromatic 
  herbs which grow on the clifts and inaccessable hights which they usually 
  frequent. the places they gerally celect to lodg is the cranies or cevices 
  of the rocks in the faces of inacessable precepices, where the wolf nor 
  bear can reach them and where indeed man himself would in many instancies 
  find a similar deficiency; yet these anamals bound from rock to rock and 
  stand apparently in the most careless manner on the sides of precipices of 
  many hundred feet. they are very shye and are quick of both sent and 
  sight. 
  = 
  At the distance of two 3/4 miles above our encampment of last evening we 
  passed a Creek 20 yard wide affording no runing water, we also passed 7 
  Islands in the course of the day. The Country on either hand is high 
  broken and rockey; the rock is either soft brown sand stone covered with a 
  thin strata of limestone, or a hard black rugged grannite, both usually in 
  horizontal stratas and the Sandy rock overlaying the other. Salts 
  and quarts still appear, some coal and pumice stone also appear; the river 
  bottoms are narrow and afford scarcely any timber. the bars of the river 
  are composed principally of gravel, but little pine on the hills. We saw a 
  Pole~cats this evening it is the first we have seen for many days. 
  buffalow are now scarce and I begin to fear our harvest of white puddings 
  are at an end. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0677-1805-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 25th Satturday 1805" The two Canoes left for meat yesterday did not 
  joint us untill 8 oClock this morning at which time we Set out, the 
  morning Cool & pleasent wind a head all day from the S# W# we pass a 
  Creek on the Lard# Side about 20 yards wide, which does not run, we also 
  passd 7 Islands, I walked on Shore and killed a female Ibex or big horn 
  animal in my absence Drewyer & Bratten killed two others, this animale 
  is a species peculiar to this upper part of the Missouri, the head and 
  horns of the male which Drewyer killed to day weighed 27 lbs it was 
  Somewhat larger than the Mail of the Common Deer;) The body reather 
  thicker deeper and not So long in proportion to its hight as the common 
  Deer; the head and horns of the male are remarkably large Compared with 
  the other parts of the animal; the whole form is much more delicate than 
  that of the common goat, and there is a greater disparity in the Size of 
  the mail and female than between those of either the deer or goat. the eye 
  is large and prominant, the puple of a deep Sea green and Small, the iris 
  of a Silvery Colour much like the common Sheep; the bone above the Eye is 
  remarkably prominant; the head nostrils and division of the upper lip are 
  precisely in form like the Sheep. their legs resemble the Sheep more than 
  any other animal with which I am acquainted tho they are more delicately 
  formed, like the Sheep they stand foward in the Knee and the lower joint 
  of the fore leg is Smallest where it joins the Knee, the hoof is black and 
  large in perpotion, is divided, very open and roundly pointed at the toe; 
  like the Sheep; is much hollowed and Sharp on the under edge like the 
  Scotch goat, has two Small Hoofs behind each foot below the ankle as the 
  goat Sheep and Deer have. the belley, iner Side of the legs, and the 
  extremity of the rump and buttocks for about two inches 1/2 around the but 
  of the tail, are white, as is also the tail except just at its extremity 
  on the upper Side which is of a dark brown. the tail is about 3 inches in 
  length covered with Short hair, or at least not longer than that of the 
  boddy; the outer part of the animal are of a duskey brown or reather a 
  lead coloured light brown; the animal is now Sheding its winter coat which 
  is thick not quite as long as that of the Deer and appears to be inter 
  mixt with a considerable quantity of fine fur which lies next to the Skin 
  and concealed by the Coarcer hair; the Shape of the hair itself is 
  cylindric as that of the Antilope is, but is Smaller, Shorter and not 
  Compressed or flattened as that of the deers winter Coat is. I believe 
  this animal only Sheds it's hair once a year. it has Eight fore teeth in 
  the underjaw and no canine teeth. The Horns are large at their base, and 
  occupy the Crown of the head almost entirely, they are compressed, bent 
  backwards and lunated; the Surface Swelling into wavey rings which 
  incircleing the horn continue to Succeed each other from the base to the 
  extremity and becomeing less elivated and more distant as they receed from 
  the head. The horn for about two thirds of its length is filled with a 
  porus bone which is united with the frontal bone (Capt# Lewis obtained the 
  bones of the upper part of the head of this Animal at the big Bone Lick in 
  the State of Kentucky which I Saw and find to be the Same in every respect 
  with those of the Missouri and the Rockey Mountains) the horns of the 
  female are Small, but are also compressed and bent backwards and incircled 
  with a Succession of wavy rings. the horn is of a light brown Colour; when 
  Dressed it is almost white extreamly transparent and very elastic. this 
  horn is used by the nativs in constructing their bows; I have no doubt of 
  it's elegance and usefullness in hair Combs, and might probably answer as 
  maney valuable purpoces to civilized man, as it does to the native 
  indians, who form their water Cups, Spoons and platters of it. the females 
  have already brought forth their young indeed from the Size of the young, 
  I Suppose that they produce them early in March. they have from one to two 
  at a birth. they feed on grass, but principally on the arramatic herbs 
  which grow on the Clifts and inaccessable hights which they frequent most 
  commonly, and the places they generally collect to lodge is the Cranies or 
  Cevices of the rocks in the face of inaccessable precepices, where the 
  wolf nor Bear Can reach them, and where indeed man himself would in maney 
  instances find a Similar deficiency; yet those animals bound from rock to 
  rock and Stand apparently in the most Careless manner on the Side of 
  precipices of maney hundred feet. they are very Shy and quick of both Sent 
  and Sight. The flesh of this animal is dark and I think inferior to the 
  flesh of the Common Deer, and Superior to the antilope of the Missouri and 
  the Columbian Plains. In my walk of this day I saw mountts. on either 
  side of the river at no great distance, those mountains appeared to be 
  detached, and not ranges as laid down by the Minetarrees, I also think I 
  saw a range of high mounts. at a great distance to the S S W# but am not 
  certain as the horozon was not clear enough to view it with Certainty. The 
  country on either side is high broken and rockey a dark brown hard rugid 
  Stone intermixed with a Soft white Sand Stone. the hills contain Coal or 
  cabonated wood as below and Some Scattering pumistone. the Sides of the 
  river is bordered with coars gravel, which in maney places have washed 
  either together or down Small brooks and forms bars at Some distance in 
  the water, around which the current passes with great valocity. the 
  bottoms between hills and river are narrow and Contain Scercely any 
  timber. The appearence of Salts, and bitumun Still Continue. we Saw a 
  polecat to day being the first which we have Seen for Some time past. The 
  Air of this quarter is pure and helthy. the water of the Missouri well 
  tasted not quite So muddy as it is below, not withstanding the last rains 
  has raised the river a little it is less muddy than it was before the 
  rain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0678-1805-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 26th 1805. Set out at an early hour and proceeded principally 
  by the toe line, using the oars mearly to pass the river in order to take 
  advantage of the shores. scarcely any bottoms to the river; the hills high 
  and juting in on both sides, to the river in many places. the stone 
  tumbleing from these clifts and brought down by the rivulets as mentioned 
  yesterday became more troublesome today. the black rock has given place to 
  a very soft sandstone which appears to be washed away fast by the river, 
  above this and towards the summits of the hills a hard freestone of a 
  brownish yellow colour shews itself in several stratas of unequal 
  thicknesses frequently overlain or incrusted by a very thin strata of 
  limestone which appears to be formed of concreted shells. Capt# Clark 
  walked on shore this morning and ascended to the summit of the river hills 
  he informed me on his return that he had seen mountains on both sides of 
  the river runing nearly parrallel with it and at no great distance; also 
  an irregular range of mountains on lard. about 50 mes# distant, the 
  extremities of which boar W and N# W# from his station. he also saw in the 
  course of his walk, some Elk, several herds of the Big horn, and the large 
  hare; the latter is common to every part of this open country. scarcely 
  any timber to be seen except the few scattering pine and spruce which 
  crown the high hills, or in some instances grow along their sides. In the 
  after part of the day I also walked out and ascended the river hills which 
  I found sufficiently fortiegueing. on arriving to the summit one of the 
  highest points in the neighbourhood I thought myself well repaid for any 
  labour; as from this point I beheld the Rocky Mountains for the first 
  time, I could only discover a few of the most elivated points above the 
  horizon, the most remarkable of which by my pocket compass I found bore N# 
  65° W# being a little to the N# of the N# W# extremity of the range of 
  broken mountains seen this morning by Capt# C# these points of the Rocky 
  Mountains were covered with snow and the sun shone on it in such manner as 
  to give me the most plain and satisfactory view. while I viewed these 
  mountains I felt a secret pleasure in finding myself so near the head of 
  the heretofore conceived boundless Missouri; but when I reflected on the 
  difficulties which this snowey barrier would most probably throw in my way 
  to the Pacific, and the sufferings and hardships of myself and party in 
  them, it in some measure counterballanced the joy I had felt in the first 
  moments in which I gazed on them; but as I have always held it a crime to 
  anticipate evils I will believe it a good comfortable road untill I am 
  compelled to beleive differently. saw a few Elk & bighorns at a 
  distance on my return to the river I passed a creek about 20 yds# wide 
  near it's entrance it had a handsome little stream of runing water; in 
  this creek I saw several softshelled Turtles which were the first that 
  have been seen this season; this I believe proceeded reather from the 
  season than from their non existence in the portion of the river from the 
  Mandans hither. on the Stard# shore I killed a fat buffaloe which was very 
  acceptable to us at this moment; the party came up to me late in the 
  evening and encamped for the night on the Lard# side. it was after dark 
  before we finished butchering the buffaloe, and on my return to camp I 
  trod within five inches of a rattle snake but being in motion I passed 
  before he could probably put himself in a striking attitude and 
  fortunately escaped his bite, I struck about at random with my espontoon 
  being directed in some measure by his nois untill I killed him. Our 
  hunters had killed two of the Bighorned Anamals since I had left them. we 
  also passed another creek a few miles below Turtle Creek on the Stard# 30 
  yds in width which also had runing water bed rockey. late this evening we 
  passed a very bad rappid which reached quite across the river, the party 
  had considerable difficulty in ascending it altho they doubled their crews 
  and used both the rope and the pole. while they were passing this rappid a 
  female Elk and it's fawn swam down throught the waves which ran very high, 
  hence the name of Elk rappids which they instantly gave this place, these 
  are the most considerable rappids which we have yet seen on the missouri 
  and in short the only place where there has appeared to be a suddon 
  decent. opposite to these rappids there is a high bluff and a little above 
  on Lard# a small cottonwood bottom in which we found sufficient timber for 
  our fires and encampment. here I rejoined the party after dark. The 
  appearances of coal in the face of the bluffs, also of birnt hills, pumice 
  stone salt and quarts continue as yesterday. This is truly a desert barren 
  country and I feel myself still more convinced of it's being a 
  continuation of the black hills. we have continued every day to pass more 
  or less old stick lodges of the Indians in the timbered points, there are 
  two even in this little bottom where we lye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0679-1805-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 26th Sunday 1805 We Set out early and proceeded as yesterday wind from 
  the S# W# the river enclosed with very high hills on either Side. I took 
  one man and walked out this morning, and ascended the high countrey to 
  view the mountains which I thought I Saw yesterday, from the first Sumit 
  of the hill I could plainly See the Mountains on either Side which I Saw 
  yesterday and at no great distance from me, those on the Stard Side is an 
  errigular range, the two extremities of which bore West and N# West from 
  me. those Mountains on the Lard# Side appeared to be Several detached 
  Knobs or mountains riseing from a leven open Countrey, at different 
  distances from me, from South West to South East, on one the most S# 
  Westerly of those Mountains there appeared to be Snow. I crossed a Deep 
  holler and assended a part of the plain elevated much higher than where I 
  first viewed the above mountains; from this point I beheld the Rocky 
  Mountains for the first time with Certainty, I could only discover a fiew 
  of the most elivated points above the horizon. the most remarkable of 
  which by my pocket Compas I found bore S# 60 W# those points of the rocky 
  Mountain were Covered with Snow and the Sun Shown on it in Such a manner 
  as to give me a most plain and Satisfactory view. whilst I viewed those 
  mountains I felt a Secret pleasure in finding myself So near the head of 
  the heretofore Conceived boundless Missouri; but when I reflected on the 
  difficulties which this Snowey barrier would most probably throw in my way 
  to the Pacific Ocean, and the Sufferings and hardships of my Self and 
  party in them, it in Some measure Counter ballanced the joy I had felt in 
  the first moments in which I gazed on them; but as I have always held it 
  little Short of Criminality to anticipate evils I will allow it to be a 
  good Comfortable road untill I am Compelled to believe otherwise The high 
  Country in which we are at present and have been passing for Some days I 
  take to be a continuation of what the Indians as well as the French 
  Engages call the Black hills. This tract of Country So Called Consists of 
  a Collection of high broken and irregular hills and Short Chains of 
  Mountains, sometimes 100 miles in width and again becoming much narrower, 
  but always much higher than the Country on either Side; they commence 
  about the head of the Kanzas river and to the west of that river near the 
  Arkansaw river, from whence they take their Cource a little to the west of 
  N# W# approaching the Rocky Mountains obliquely passing the river Platt 
  near the forks, and intersepting the River Rochejhone near the big bend of 
  that river, and passing the Missouri at this place, and probably 
  Continueing to Swell the Country as far North as the Saskashawan river. 
  tho they are lower here than they are discribed to the South and may 
  therefore termonate before they reach the Saskashawan. the Black hills in 
  their Course northerly appear to approach more nearly the Rocky Mountains. 
  I Saw a great number of white brant, also the common brown brant, Geese of 
  the common Size & kind and a Small Species of geese, which differs 
  considerably from the Common or Canadian Goose; their necks, head and 
  backs are considerably thicker, Shorter and larger than the other in 
  propotion to its Size they are also more than a third Smaller, and their 
  note more like that of the brant or young goose which has not perfectly 
  acquired his note, in all other respect they are the Same in Colour habits 
  and the number of feathers in the tail, they frequently also ascocate with 
  the large Geese when in flocks, but never Saw them pared off with the 
  larger or common goose. The white Brant ascocates in very large flocks, 
  they do not appear to be mated or pared off as if they intended to raise 
  their young in this quarter, I therefore doubt whether they reside here 
  dureing the Summer for that purpose. this bird is larger than the Common 
  brown brant or 2/3 of the common goose. it is not So long by Six inches 
  from point to point of the wings when extended as the other; the back head 
  and neck are also larger and Stronger; their beak, legs and feet are of a 
  redish flesh coloured white. the eye of a moderate Size, the puple of a 
  deep Sea green encircled with a ring of yellowish brown. it has 16 
  feathers of equal length in the tail their note differs but little from 
  the Common brant. they are of a pure white except the large feathers of 
  the 1st and 2d joint of the wings which are jut black. 
  = 
  The country which borders the river is high broken and rocky, generally 
  imbeded with a Soft Sand Stone higher up the hill the Stone is of a 
  brownish yellow hard and gritty those Stones wash down from the hills into 
  the river and cause the Shore to be rocky &c# which we find troublesom 
  to assend there is Scerce any bottom between the Hills & river and but 
  a fiew trees to be Seen on either Side except Scattering pine on the Sides 
  of the emence hills; we passed 2 Creeks on the Stard Side both of them had 
  running water in one of those Creek Capt Lewis tells me he saw Soft Shell 
  Turtle Capt Lewis in his walk killed a fat Buffalow which we were in want 
  of our hunters killed 2 Mountain rams or bighorns in the evening late we 
  passed a rapid which extended quite across the river we assended it by the 
  assistance of a Cord & poles on the Lard# Side the Cliffs jut over, 
  the opposit Side is a Small leavel bottom, we Camped a little above in a 
  Small grove of Cotton trees on the Lard# Side in the rapid we saw a Dow 
  Elk & her faun, which gave rise to the name of Elk & faun Riffle 
  we had a few drops of rain at Dark. the Salts Coal & Burnt hills 
  & Pumicston Still Continue, game Scerce this Countrey may with 
  propriety I think be termed the Deserts of America, as I do not Conceive 
  any part can ever be Settled, as it is deficent in water, Timber & too 
  Steep to be tilled. We pass old Indian lodges in the woody points everry 
  day & 2 at our camp &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0680-1805-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  May 26, 1805. One of the party killed a bighorned, the head and horns of 
  which weighed 27 lbs. a hare was also killed which weighed 81/2 lbs. the 
  hare are now of a plale lead brown colour ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0681-1805-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 27th 1805. The wind blew so hard this morning that we did not 
  sent out untill 10 A#M# we employed the chord most of the day; the river 
  becomes more rappid and is intercepted by shoals and a greater number of 
  rocky points at the mouths of the little gulies than we experienced 
  yesterday. the bluffs are very high steep rugged, containing considerable 
  quantities of stone and border the river closely on both sides; once 
  perhaps in the course of several miles there will be a few acres of 
  tolerably level land in which two or thre impoverished cottonwood trees 
  will be seen. great quantities of stone also lye in the river and garnish 
  it's borders, which appears to have tumbled from the bluffs where the 
  rains had washed away the sand and clay in which they were imbeded. the 
  bluffs are composed of irregular tho horizontal stratas of yellow and 
  brown or black clay, brown and yellowish white sand, of soft yellowish 
  white sand stone and a hard dark brown free stone, also of large round 
  kidneyformed and irregular seperate masses of a hard black Iron stone, 
  which is imbeded in the Clay and sand. some little pine spruce and dwarf 
  cedar on the hills. some coal or carbonated wood still makes it's 
  appearance in these bluffs, pumicestone and birnt hills it's concommutants 
  also are seen. the salts and quarts are seen but not in such abundance. 
  the country more broken and barren than yesterday if possible. about 
  midday it was very warm to this the high bluffs and narrow channel of the 
  river no doubt contributed greatly. we passed a small untimbered Island 
  this morning on the Lard# side of the river just above our encampment of 
  last evening. saw a few small herds of the Bighorned anamals and two Elk 
  only, of the last we killed one, the river is generally about 200 yds# 
  wide, very rappid and has a perceptable fall or declination through it's 
  whole course. 
  = 
  This evening we encamped, for the benefit of wood, near two dead toped 
  cottonwood trees on the Lard# side; the dead limbs which had fallen from 
  these trees furnished us with a scanty supply only, and more was not to be 
  obtained in the neighbourhood. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0682-1805-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 27th Monday 1805. The wind blew hard from the S W# which detained us 
  untill about 10 oClock, at which time we Set out and proceeded on, passed 
  a Small nacked Island on the Lard Side imediately above the timber in 
  which we Camped The river is verry Shoaley and the bad places are verry 
  numerous, i e at the mouth of every Drean the rocks which is a hard dark 
  gritey Stone is thrown out Some distance in the river which Cause a 
  Considerable riffle on that Side, the hills approach the river verry Close 
  on either Side, river narrow & no timber except Some Scattering pine 
  on the hills & hill Sides, the Salts, Coal, burn hills & Pumice 
  Stone &c# Continue, the hills are Generally Bluffs of various Coloured 
  earth most commonly black with different quallities stone intermixed Some 
  Stratums of Soft Sand Stone, Some hard, Some a dark brown & yellow 
  hard grit, those Stones are loosened by the earths washing from them into 
  the river and ultimately role down into the river, which appears to be 
  Crowded with them. This day is verry worm ¬ we only Saw a fiew Small 
  herds of the big horn animals on the hills, and two Elk one of which We 
  killed, we Camped at 2 dead top trees on the Lard Side. The river is Genly 
  about 200 yards wide and Current very Swift to day and has a verry 
  perceptiable fall in all its Course ¬ it rises a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0683-1805-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 28th 1805. This morning we set forward at an early hour; the 
  weather dark and cloudy, the are smokey, had a few drops of rain; we 
  employed the chord generally to which we also gave the assistance of the 
  pole at the riffles and rocky points; these are as numerous and many of 
  them much worse than those we passed yesterday; arround those points the 
  water drives with great force, and we are obliged in many instaces to 
  steer our vessels through the appertures formed by the points of large 
  sharp rocks which reach a few inches above the surface of the water, here 
  sould our chord give way the bough is instantly drivin outwards by the 
  stream and the vessel thrown with her side on the rocks where she must 
  inevitably overset or perhaps be dashed to peices; our ropes are but 
  slender, all of them except one being made of Elk's skin and much woarn, 
  frequently wet and exposed to the heat of the weather are weak and rotten; 
  they have given way several times in the course of the day but happily at 
  such places that the vessel had room to wheel free of the rocks and 
  therefore escaped injury; with every precaution we can take it is with 
  much labour and infinite risk that we are enabled to get around these 
  points. found a new indian lodge pole today which had been brought down by 
  the stream, it was woarn at one end as if draged by dogs or horses; a 
  football also, and several other articles were found, which have been 
  recently brought down by the courant; these are strong evedences of 
  Indians being on the river above us, and probably at no great distance; 
  the football is such as I have seen among the Minetaries and therefore 
  think it most probable that they are a band of the Minetaries of Fort de 
  Prarie. the river country &c continued much as yesterday untill late 
  in the evening when we arrived at the entrance of a large Creek discharges 
  itself on the Stard# side, is 35 Yd. wide and contains runing water; here 
  the hills recede from the river on both sides, the bottoms extensive 
  particularly on the Stard# side where the hills are comparitively low and 
  open into three large vallies which extend for a considerable distance in 
  a Northwardly direction; here also the river spreads to more than 3 times 
  it's former width and is filled with a number of small and handsome 
  Islands covered with cottonwood some timber also in the bottoms, the land 
  again fertile. These appearances were quite reviving after the drairy 
  country through which we had been passing. Capt# C# walked on shore in the 
  early part of the day and killed a big horned anamal; he saw a great 
  number of them as well as ourselves in the broken country. at 10 A#M# a 
  few drops of rain again fell and were attended with distant thunder which 
  is the first we have heated since we left the Mandans. This evening 
  we encamped on Stard# opposite to the entrance of a small Creek. I beleive 
  the bighorn have their young at a very early season, say early in March 
  for they appear now to be half grown. One of the party saw a very large 
  bear today but being some distance from the river and no timber to conceal 
  him he did not think proper to fire on him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0684-1805-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 28th Tuesday 1805 a Cloudy morning Some fiew drops of rain and verry 
  Smokey wind from the S# W# we Set out at an early hour, the Shoaley places 
  are verry numerous and Some bad to get around we have to make use of the 
  Cord & Poles, and our tow. ropes are all except one of Elkskin, & 
  Stretch and Sometimes brake which indanger the Perogues or Canoe, as it 
  imedeately turns and if any rock Should chance to be below, the rapidity 
  of the current would turn her over, She Should chance to Strike the rock 
  we observe great Caution at those places. 
  = 
  I walked on Shore found the Countrey ruged and as described yesterday, I 
  Saw great numbers of the Big horned animals, one of which I killed their 
  fauns are nearly half grown ¬ one of the Party Saw a verry large bear, 
  picked up on the Shore a pole which had been made use of by the Nativs for 
  lodge poles, & haul'd by dogs it is new and is a Certain Sign of the 
  Indians being on the river above a foot ball and Several other articles 
  are also found to Substantiate this oppinion. at 1 oClock we had a few 
  drops of rain and Some thunder whic is the first thunder we have had Sinc 
  we Set out from Fort Mandan; at 10 miles the the hills begin to widen 
  & the river Spreds & is crouded with Islands the bottoms Contain 
  Some Scattering Cotton wood the Islands also Contain timber ¬ passed a 
  Creek of running water on the Stard Side about 35 yards wide and camped 
  imedeately opposit to a Small Creek on the Lard# Side we call Bull Creek 
  from the Circumstance of a Buffalow Bull swiming from the opposit Side and 
  comeing out of the river imedeately across one of the Perogues without 
  Sinking or injureing any thing in the Perogue, and passing with great 
  violence thro our Camp in the night makeing 3 angles without hurting a 
  man, altho they lay in every direction, and it was very dark The Creek 
  below 35 yards wide I call Thompsons Creek after a valuable member of our 
  party ¬ this Creek contains a Greater preportion of running water than 
  Common. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0685-1805-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 29th 1905. Last night we were all allarmed by a large 
  buffaloe Bull, which swam over from the opposite shore and coming along 
  side of the white perogue, climbed over it to land, he then alarmed ran up 
  the bank in full speed directly towards the fires, and was within 18 
  inches of the heads of some of the men who lay sleeping before the 
  centinel could allarm him or make him change his course, still more 
  alarmed, he now took his direction immediately towards our lodge, passing 
  between 4 fires and within a few inches of the heads of one range of the 
  men as they yet lay sleeping, when he came near the tent, my dog saved us 
  by causing him to change his course a second time, which he did by turning 
  a little to the right, and was quickly out of sight, leaving us by this 
  time all in an uproar with our guns in or hands, enquiring of each other 
  the case of the alarm, which after a few moments was explained by the 
  centinel; we were happy to find no one hirt. The next morning we found 
  that the buffaloe in passing the perogue had trodden on a rifle, which 
  belonged to Capt# Clark's black man, who had negligently left her in the 
  perogue, the rifle was much bent, he had also broken the spindle, pivit, 
  and shattered the stock of one of the bluntderbushes on board, with this 
  damage I felt well content, happey indeed, that we had sustaned no further 
  injury. it appears that the white perogue, which contains our most 
  valuable stores, is attended by some evil gennii. This morning we set out 
  at an early hour and proceded as usual by the Chord. at the distance of 
  21/2 miles passed a handsome river which discharged itself on the Lard# 
  side, I walked on shore and acended this river about a mile and a half in 
  order to examine it. I found this river about 100 yds# wide from bank to 
  bank, the water occupying about 75 yard. the bed was formed of gravel and 
  mud with some sand; it appeared to contain much more water as the 
  Muscle~Shell river, was more rappid but equally navigable; there were no 
  large stone or rocks in it's bed to obstruct the navigation; the banks 
  were low yet appeared seldom to overflow; the water of this River is Clear 
  than any we have met with great abundance of the Argalia or Bighorned 
  animals in the high country through which this river passes Cap# C who 
  assended this R# much higher than I did has thought proper to call it 
  Judieths River. The bottoms of this stream as far as I could see were 
  wider and contained more timber than the Missouri; here I saw some box 
  alder intermixed with the Cottonwood willow rose bushes and honeysuckle 
  with some red willow constitute the undergrowth. on the Missouri just 
  above the entrance of the Big Horn River I counted the remains of the 
  fires of 126 Indian lodges which appeared to be of very recent date 
  perhaps 12 or 15 days. Capt# Clark also saw a large encampent just above 
  the entrance of this river on the Stard# side of reather older date, 
  probably they were the same Indians. The Indian woman with us exmined the 
  mockersons which we found at these encampments and informed us that they 
  were not of her nation the Snake Indians, but she beleived they were some 
  of the Indians who inhabit the country on this side of Rocky Mountains and 
  North of the Missoury and I think it most probable that they were the 
  Minetaries of Fort de Prarie. At the distance of six 1/2 ms# from our 
  encampment of last night we passed a very bad rappid to which we gave the 
  name of the Ash rappid from a few trees of that wood growing near them; 
  this is the first ash I have seen for a great distance. at this place the 
  hills again approach the river closely on both sides, and the same seen 
  which we had on the 27th and 28th in the morning again presents itself, 
  and the rocky points and riffles reather more numerous and worse; there 
  was but little timber; salts coal &c still appear. today we passed on 
  the Stard# side the remains of a vast many mangled carcases of Buffalow 
  which had been driven over a precipice of 120 feet by the Indians and 
  perished; the water appeared to have washed away a part of this immence 
  pile of slaughter and still their remained the fragments of at least a 
  hundred carcases they created a most horrid stench. in this manner the 
  Indians of the Missouri distroy vast herds of buffaloe at a stroke; for 
  this purpose one of the most active and fleet young men is scelected and 
  disguised in a robe of buffaloe skin, having also the skin of the 
  buffaloe's head with the years and horns fastened on his head in form of a 
  cap, thus caparisoned he places himself at a convenient distance between a 
  herd of buffaloe and a precipice proper for the purpose, which happens in 
  many places on this river for miles together; the other indians now 
  surround the herd on the back and flanks and at a signal agreed on all 
  shew themselves at the same time moving forward towards the buffaloe; the 
  disguised indian or decoy has taken care to place himself sufficiently 
  nigh the buffaloe to be noticed by them when they take to flight and 
  runing before them they follow him in full speede to the precepice, the 
  cattle behind driving those in front over and seeing them go do not look 
  or hesitate about following untill the whole are precipitated down the 
  precepice forming one common mass of dead an mangled carcases; the decoy 
  in the mean time has taken care to secure himself in some cranney or 
  crivice of the clift which he had previously prepared for that purpose. 
  the part of the decoy I am informed is extreamly dangerous, if they are 
  not very fleet runers the buffaloe tread them under foot and crush them to 
  death, and sometimes drive them over the precepice also, where they perish 
  in common with the buffaloe. we saw a great many wolves in the 
  neighbourhood of these mangled carcases they were fat and extreemly 
  gentle, Capt# C# who was on shore killed one of them with his espontoon. 
  just above this place we came too for dinner opposite the entrance of a 
  bold runing river 40 yds# wide which falls in on Lard# side. this stream 
  we called slaughter river. it's bottoms are but narrow and contain 
  scarcely any timber. our situation was a narrow bottom on the Stard# 
  possessing some cottonwood. soon after we landed it began to blow & 
  rain, and as there was no appearance of even wood enough to make our fires 
  for some distance above we determined to remain here untill the next 
  morning, and accordingly fixed our camp and gave each man a small dram. 
  notwithstanding the allowance of sperits we issued did not exceed 1/2 pn. 
  man several of them were considerably effected by it; such is the effects 
  of abstaining for some time from the uce of sperituous liquors; they were 
  all very merry. The hunters killed an Elk this evening, and Capt# C# 
  killed two beaver. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0686-1805-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 29th Wednesday 1805 In the last night we were alarmed by a Buffalow 
  which Swam from the opposit Shore landed opposit the Perogue in which Capt 
  Lewis & my Self were in he Crossed the perogue, and went with great 
  force up to the fire where Several men were Sleeping and was 18 inches of 
  their heads, when one man Sitting up allarmed him and he turned his course 
  along the range of men as they lay, passing between 4 fires and within a 
  fiew Inches of Some of the mens heads as they lay imediately in a 
  direction to our lodge about which Several men were lying. our Dog flew 
  out & he changed his course & passed without doeing more damage 
  than bend a rifle & brakeing hir Stock and injureying one of the 
  blunder busts in the perogue as he passed through ¬ We Set out this 
  morning at the usial hour & proceeded on at 21/2 miles passed the 
  mouth of a river  ¿¿  yards wide, discharging a great quantity of water, 
  and Containing more wood in its bottoms than the Missouri ¬ this river 
  Capt Lewis walked up for a Short distance & he Saw an old encampment 
  of Indians (I also saw large encampment on the Stard Side at the mouth of 
  a Small Creek of about 100 Lodges which appeared to be 5 or 6 weeks past, 
  the Indian woman examined the mockersons &c# and told us they were the 
  Indians which resided below the rocky mountains & to the North of this 
  river,that her nation make their mockersons differently) at 61/2 miles 
  passed a considerable rapid at which place the hills approach near the 
  river on both Sides, leaveing a narrow bottom on the Stard# Side, (ash 
  rapid) and continue Close all day but little timber, I walked on the bank 
  in the evening and saw the remains of a number of buffalow, which had been 
  drove down a Clift of rocks I think from appearances that upwards of 100 
  of those animals must have perished here, Great numbers of wolves were 
  about this place & verry jentle I killed one of them with my Spear. 
  The hills above ash rapid Contains more rock and Coal, and the more rapid 
  points. we Came too for Dinner opposit the enterence of a Small river 
  which falls in on the Lard Side and is about  ¿¿  yards wide, has a bold 
  running Stream, Soon after we Came too it began to rain & blow hard, 
  and as we were in a good harbor & Small point of woods on the Stard 
  Side, and no timber for some distance above, induced us to conclude to 
  Stay all night. we gave the men a dram, altho verry Small it was Sufficent 
  to effect Several men. one of our hunters killed an elk this evening ¬ I 
  killed 2 beaver on the Side of the bank a table Spoon full of water 
  exposed to the air in a Saucer would avaperate in 36 hours when the 
  mercury did not Stand higher than the temperate point in the heat of the 
  day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0687-1805-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 30th 1805. The rain which commenced last evening continued 
  with little intermission untill 11this morning when we set out; the high 
  wind which accompanied the rain rendered it impracticable to procede 
  earlyer. more rain has now fallen than we have experienced since the 15th 
  of September last. many circumstances indicate our near approach to a 
  country whos climate differs considerably from that in which we have been 
  for many months. the air of the open country is asstonishingly dry as well 
  as pure. I found by several experiments that a table spoon full of water 
  exposed to the air in a saucer would avaporate in 36 hours when the 
  murcury did not stand higher than the temperate point at the greatest heat 
  of the day; my inkstand so frequently becoming dry put me on this 
  experiment. I also observed the well seasoned case of my sextant shrunk 
  considerably and the joints opened. The water of the river still continues 
  to become clearer and notwithstanding the rain which has fallen it is 
  still much clearer than it was a few days past. this day we proceded with 
  more labour and difficulty than we have yet experienced; in addition to 
  the imbarrasments of the rappid courant, riffles, & rockey point which 
  were as bad if not worse than yesterday, the banks and sides of the bluff 
  were more steep than usual and were now rendered so slippery by the late 
  rain that the men could scarcely walk. the chord is our only dependance 
  for the courant is too rappid to be resisted with the oar and the river 
  too deep in most places for the pole. the earth and stone also falling 
  from these immence high bluffs render it dangerous to pass under them. the 
  wind was also hard and against us. our chords broke several times today 
  but happily without injury to the vessels. we had slight showers of rain 
  through the course of the day, the air was could and rendered more 
  disagreeable by the rain. one of the party ascended the river hills and 
  reported on his return that there was snow intermixed with the rain which 
  fell on the hights; he also informed us that the country was level a 
  little back from the river on both sides. there is now no timber on the 
  hills, an only a few scattering cottonwood, ash, box Alder and willows to 
  be seen along the river. in the course of the day we passed several old 
  encampment of Indians, from the apparent dates of which we conceived that 
  they were the several encampments of a band of about 100 lodges who were 
  progressing slowly up the river; the most recent appeared to have been 
  evacuated about 5 weeks since. these we supposed to be the Minetares or 
  black foot Indians who inhabit the country watered by the Suskashawan and 
  who resort to the establishment of Fort de Prarie, no part of the Missouri 
  from the Minetaries to this place furnishes a perminent residence for any 
  nation yet there is no part of it but what exhibits appearances of being 
  occasionally visited by some nation on hunting excurtions. The Minnetares 
  of the Missoury we know extend their excurtions on the S# side as high as 
  the yellowstone river; the Assinniboins still higher on the N# side most 
  probably as high as about Porcupine river and from thence upwards most 
  probably as far as the mountains by the Minetares of Fort de Prarie and 
  the Black Foot Indians who inhabit the S# fork of the Suskashawan. I say 
  the Missouri to the Rocky mountains for I am convinced that it penetrates 
  those mountains for a considerable distance. Two buffaloe killed 
  this evening a little above our encampment. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0688-1805-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 30th Thursday 1805 The rain conmmenced yesterday evining, and 
  continued moderately through the course of the night, more rain has now 
  fallin than we have experienced Since the 15th of September last, the rain 
  continued this morning, and the wind too high for us to proceed, untill 
  about 11 oClock at which time we Set out, and proceeded on with great 
  labour, we were obliged to make use of the Tow rope & the banks were 
  So muddey & Slipery that the men could Scercely walk not with Standing 
  we proceeded on as well as we could wind hard from the N W# in attempting 
  to assend a rapid our toe Cord broke & we turned without injurey, 
  those rapids or Shoaley points are noumerous and dificuelt, one being at 
  the mouth of every drean Some little rain at times all day one man 
  assended the high Countrey and it was raining & Snowing on those 
  hills, the day has proved to be raw and Cold. Back from the river is 
  tollerably leavel, no timber of any kind on the hills, and only a fiew 
  Scattering cotton willow & ash near the river, much hard rock; & 
  rich earth, the Small portion of rain which has fallen causes the rich 
  earth as deep as is wet to Slip into the river or bottoms &c# 
  = 
  we discover in Several places old encampments of large bands of Indians, a 
  fiew weeks past and appear to be makeing up the river ¬ Those Indians 
  we believe to be the Blackfoot Inds# or Menetares who inhabit the heads of 
  the Saskashowin & north of this place and trade a little in the Fort 
  de Prarie establishments. we Camped in a grove of Cotton trees on the 
  Stard Side, river rise 11/2 In. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0689-1805-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 31st 1805. This morning we proceeded at an early hour with the 
  two perogues leaving the canoes and crews to bring on the meat of the two 
  buffaloe that were killed last evening and which had not been brought in 
  as it was late and a little off the river. soon after we got under way it 
  began to rain and continued untill meridian when it ceased but still 
  remained cloudy through the ballance of the day. The obstructions of rocky 
  points and riffles still continue as yesterday; at those places the men 
  are compelled to be in the water even to their armpits, and the water is 
  yet very could, and so frequent are those point that they are one fourth 
  of their time in the water, added to this the banks and bluffs along which 
  they are obliged to pass are so slippery and the mud so tenacious that 
  they are unable to wear their mockersons, and in that situation draging 
  the heavy burthen of a canoe and walking ocasionally for several hundred 
  yards over the sharp fragments of rocks which tumble from the clifts and 
  garnish the borders of the river; in short their labour is incredibly 
  painfull and great, yet those faithfull fellows bear it without a murmur. 
  The toe rope of the white perogue, the only one indeed of hemp, and that 
  on which we most depended, gave way today at a bad point, the perogue 
  swung and but slightly touched a rock, yet was very near overseting; I 
  fear her evil gennii will play so many pranks with her that she will go to 
  the bottomm some of those days. Capt# C# walked on shore this 
  morning but found it so excessively bad that he shortly returned. at 12 
  OCk# we came too for refreshment and gave the men a dram which they 
  received with much cheerfullness, and well deserved. 
  = 
  The hills and river Clifts which we passed today exhibit a most romantic 
  appearance. The bluffs of the river rise to the hight of from 2 to 300 
  feet and in most places nearly perpendicular; they are formed of 
  remarkable white sandstone which is sufficiently soft to give way readily 
  to the impression of water; two or thre thin horizontal stratas of white 
  free~stone, on which the rains or water make no impression, lie imbeded in 
  these clifts of soft stone near the upper part of them; the earth on the 
  top of these Clifts is a dark rich loam, which forming a graduly ascending 
  plain extends back from 1/2 a mile to a mile where the hills commence and 
  rise abruptly to a hight of about 300 feet more. The water in the course 
  of time in decending from those hills and plains on either side of the 
  river has trickled down the soft sand clifts and woarn it into a thousand 
  grotesque figures, which with the help of a little immagination and an 
  oblique view at a distance, are made to represent eligant ranges of lofty 
  freestone buildings, having their parapets well stocked with statuary; 
  collumns of various sculpture both grooved and plain, are also seen 
  supporting long galleries in front of those buildings; in other places on 
  a much nearer approach and with the help of less immagination we see the 
  remains or ruins of eligant buildings; some collumns standing and almost 
  entire with their pedestals and capitals; others retaining their pedestals 
  but deprived by time or accident of their capitals, some lying prostrate 
  an broken othes in the form of vast pyramids of connic structure bearing a 
  sereis of other pyramids on their tops becoming less as they ascend and 
  finally terminating in a sharp point. nitches and alcoves of various forms 
  and sizes are seen at different hights as we pass. a number of the small 
  martin which build their nests with clay in a globular form attatched to 
  the wall within those nitches, and which were seen hovering about the tops 
  of the collumns did not the less remind us of some of those large stone 
  buildings in the U States. the thin stratas of hard freestone intermixed 
  with the soft sandstone seems to have aided the water in forming this 
  curious scenery. As we passed on it seemed as if those seens of visionary 
  inchantment would never have and end; for here it is too that nature 
  presents to the view of the traveler vast ranges of walls of tolerable 
  workmanship, so perfect indeed are those walls that I should have thought 
  that nature had attempted here to rival the human art of masonry had I not 
  recollected that she had first began her work. These walls rise to the 
  hight in many places of 100 feet, are perpendicular, with two regular 
  faces and are from one to 12 feet thick, each wall retains the same 
  thickness at top which it possesses at bottom. The stone of which these 
  walls are formed is black, dence and dureable, and appears to be composed 
  of a large portion of earth intermixed or cemented with a small quantity 
  of sand and a considerable portion of talk or quarts. these stones are 
  almost invariably regular parallelepipeds, of unequal sizes in the walls, 
  but equal in their horizontal ranges, at least as to debth. these are laid 
  regularly in ranges on each other like bricks, each breaking or covering 
  the interstice of the two on which it rests. thus the purpendicular 
  interstices are broken, and the horizontal ones extend entire throughout 
  the whole extent of the walls. These stones seem to bear some proportion 
  to the thickness of the walls in which they are employed, being larger in 
  the thicker walls; the greatest length of the parallelepiped appears to 
  form the thickness of the thiner walls, while two or more are employed to 
  form that of the thicker walls. These walls pass the river in several 
  places, rising from the water's edge much above the sandstone bluffs, 
  which they seem to penetrate; thence continuing their course on a streight 
  line on either side of the river through the gradually ascending plains, 
  over which they tower to the hight of from ten to seventy feet until) they 
  reach the hills, which they finally enter and conceal themselves. these 
  walls sometimes run parallel to each other, with several ranges near each 
  other, and at other times interscecting each other at right angles, having 
  the appearance of the walls of ancient houses or gardens. I walked on 
  shore this evening and examined these walls minutely and preserved a 
  specimine of the stone. I found the face of many of the river hills formed 
  of Clifts of very excellent free stone of a light yellowish brown colour; 
  on these clifts I met with a species of pine which I had never seen, it 
  differs from the pitchpine in the particular of it's leaf and cone, the 
  first being vastly shorter, and the latter considerably longer and more 
  pointed. I saw near those bluffs the most beautiful) fox that I ever 
  beheld, the colours appeared to me to be a fine orrange yellow, white and 
  black, I endevoured to kill this anamal but it discovered me at a 
  considerable distance, and finding that I could get no nearer, I fired on 
  him as he ran, and missed him; he concealed himself under the rocks of the 
  clift; it appeared to me to be about the size of the common red fox of the 
  Atlantic states, or reather smaller than the large fox common to this 
  country; convinced I am that it is a distinct species. The appearance of 
  coal continues but in small quantities, but little appearance of birnt 
  hills or pumice stones the mineral salts have in some measure abated and 
  no quarts. we saw a great number of the Bighorn some mule deer and a few 
  buffaloe and Elk, no antelopes or common deer. Drewyer who was with me and 
  myself killed two bighorned anamals; the sides of the Clifts where these 
  anamals resort much to lodg, have the peculiar smell of the sheepfolds. 
  the party killed in addition to our hunt 2 buffaloe and an Elk. the river 
  today has been from 150 to 250 yds# wide but little timber today on the 
  river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0690-1805-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 31st Friday 1805. A cloudy morning we dispatched all the Canoes to 
  Collect the meat of 2 Buffalow killed last night a head and a little off 
  the river, and proceeded on with the perogues at an early hour. I 
  attempted to walk on Shore Soon found it verry laborious as the mud Stuck 
  to my mockersons & was verry Slippery. I return'd on board. it 
  continued to rain moderately untill about 12 oClock when it ceased, & 
  Continued Cloudy. the Stone on the edge of the river continue to form 
  verry Considerable rapids, which are troublesom & dificuelt to pass, 
  our toe rope which we are obliged to make use of altogether broke & we 
  were in Some danger of turning over in the perogue in which I was, we 
  landed at 12 and refreshed the men with a dram, our men are obliged to 
  under go great labour and fatigue in assending this part of the Missouri, 
  as they are compelled from the rapidity of the Current in many places to 
  walk in the water & on Slippery hill Sides or the Sides of rocks, on 
  Gravel & thro a Stiff mud bear footed, as they Cannot keep on 
  Mockersons from the Stiffness of the mud & decline of the Slipy. hills 
  Sides ¬ the Hills and river Clifts of this day exhibit a most 
  romantick appearance on each Side of the river is a white Soft Sand Stone 
  bluff which rises to about half the hight of the hills, on the top of this 
  Clift is a black earth on points, in maney places this Sand Stone appears 
  like antient ruins some like elegant buildings at a distance, Some like 
  Towers &c# &c# in maney places of this days march we observe on 
  either Side of the river extraodanary walls of a black Semented Stone 
  which appear to be regularly placed one Stone on the other, Some of those 
  walls run to the hite of 100 feet, they are from about 1 foot to 12 feet 
  thick and are perpendicular, those walls Commence at the waters edge & 
  in Some places meet at right angles ¬ those walls appear to Continue 
  their Course into the Sand Clifts, the Stones which form those walls are 
  of different Sizes all Squar edged, Great numbers has fallen off from the 
  walls near the river which cause the walls to be of uneaquil hite, in the 
  evening the Countrey becomes lower and the bottoms wider, no timber on the 
  uplands, except a few Cedar & pine on the Clifts a few Scattering 
  Cotton trees on the points in the river bottoms, The apparance of Coal 
  Continus Capt Lewis walked on Shore & observed a Species of Pine we 
  had never before Seen, with a Shorter leaf than Common & the bur 
  different, he also Collected Some of the Stone off one of the walls which 
  appears to be a Sement of Isin glass black earth we Camped on the Stard 
  Side in a Small timbered bottom above the mouth of a Creek on the Stard 
  Side our hunters killed, 2 animals with big horns, 2 Buffalow & an 
  Elk, we Saw Great numbers of those big horned animals on the Clifts, but 
  fiew Buffalow or Elk, no antelope, a fiew mule deer, Saw a fox to day. The 
  river rises a little it is from 150 to 250 yds# wide 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0691-1805-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  May 31st Friday 1805 Cloudy morning, we proceeded on at an early hour with 
  the two Perogues leaving the Canoes and crews to bring on the meat of two 
  Buffalow that were killed last evening and which had not been brought in 
  as it was late and a little off the river. Soon after we got under way it 
  began to rain and Continued untill 12 oClock when it Seased but Still 
  remained cloudy through the ballance of the day. the obstructions of rocky 
  points and riffles Still continue as yesterday; at those places the men 
  are compelled to be in the water even to their armpits, and the water is 
  yet very cold, and So frequent are those points that they are one fourth 
  of their time in the water. added to this the bank and bluff along which 
  they are obliged to pass are So Slippery and the mud So tenatious that 
  they are unable to bare their mockersons, and in that Situation dragging 
  the heavy burthen of a Canoe and Walking occasionally for Several hundred 
  yards over the Sharp fragments of rocks which tumble from the Clifts; and 
  in Short their labour is incredibly painfull and great, yet those 
  faithfull fellows bear it without a murmer. 
  = 
  The toe rope of the white perogue, the only one indeed of hemp, and that 
  on which we most depended, gave way to day at a bad point, the perogue 
  Swong and but slightly touched a rock, yet was very near oversetting; I 
  fear her evil Ginnie will play So many pranks with her that She will go to 
  the bottom Some of those days. 
  = 
  I attempted to walk on Shore this morning but found it so excessivily bad 
  that I Soon returned on board. at 12 oClock we came too for refreshment 
  and gave the men a dram which they received with much Chearfulness, and 
  well deserved all wet and disagreeable. Capt# Lewis walked on Shore, he 
  informed one that he Saw "the most butifull fox in the world" the Colour 
  appeared to him to be of a fine Orrange yellow, white and black, he fired 
  at this fox running and missed him, he appeared to be about the size of 
  the common red fox of the united States, or rather smaller. 
  = 
  The hills and river clifts which we pass to day exhibit a most romantic 
  appearance. The Bluffs of the river rise to the hight of from 2 to 300 
  feet and in most places nearly perpendicular; they are formed of 
  remarkable white Sandstone which is Sufficiently Soft to give way readily 
  to the impression of water; two or three thin horizontal Stratas of white 
  free Stone, on which the rains or water make no impression, lie imbeded in 
  those clifts of Soft Stone near the upper part of them; the earth on the 
  top of these clifts is a dark rich loam, which forming a gradual ascending 
  plain extend back from 1/2 a mile to a mile where the hills commence and 
  rise abruptly to the hight of about 300 feet more. The water in the Course 
  of time acecending from those hills and plains on either Side of the river 
  has trickled down the Soft Sand Clifts and woarn it into a thousand 
  grotesque figures; which with the help of a little imagination and an 
  oblique view at a distance are made to represent elegant ranges of lofty 
  freestone buildings, haveing their parapets well Stocked with Statuary; 
  Colloms of various Sculptures both Grooved and plain, are also Seen 
  Supporting long galleries in part of those buildings; in other places on a 
  much nearer approach and with the with the help of less immagination we 
  See the remains of ruins of eligant buildings; Some Collumns Standing and 
  almost entire with their pedestals and Capitals, others retaining their 
  pedestals but deprived by time or accedint of their capitals, Some lying 
  prostrate and broken, others in the form of vast Pyramids of connic 
  Structure bearing a Serious of other pyramids on their tops becomeing less 
  as they ascend and finally termonateing in a Sharp point. nitches and 
  alcoves of various forms and Sizes are Seen at different hights as we 
  pass. a number of the Small martin which build their nests with Clay of a 
  globular form attached to the wall within those nitches, and which were 
  Seen hovering about the top of the collumns did not the less remind us of 
  Some of those large Stone buildings in the United States. The thin Stratas 
  of hard free Stone intermixed with the Soft Sand Stone Seems to have aided 
  the water in forming this Curious Scenery. 
  = 
  as we passed on it Seemed as if those Seens of Visionary enchantment would 
  never have an end; for here it is too that nature presents to the view of 
  the traveler vast ranges of walls of tolerable workmanship, So perfect 
  indeed are those walls that I Should have thought that nature had 
  attempted here to rival the human art of Masonry had I not recollected 
  that She had first began her work. These walls rise to the hight in many 
  places of 100 feet, are perpindicular, with two regular faces, and are 
  from one to 12 feet thick, each wall retains the Same thickness to the top 
  which it possesses at bottom. The Stone of which these walls are formed is 
  black, dense and dureable, and appears to be Composed of a large portion 
  of earth intermixed or Cemented with a Small quantity of Sand and a 
  Considerable portion of quarts. these Stones are almost invariably regular 
  parallelepipeds, of unequal Sizes in the wall, but equal in their 
  horizontal ranges, at least as to debth. These are laid regularly in 
  ranges on each other like bricks, each breaking or covering this 
  interstice of the two on which it rests, thus the pirpendicular 
  interstices are broken, and the horizontal ones extend entire throughout 
  the whole extent of the walls. These Stones Seam to bear Some proportion 
  to the thickness of the walls in which they are employd, being larger in 
  the thicker walls; the greatest length of the parallelepiped appear to 
  form the thickness of the thiner walls, while two or more are employed to 
  form that of the thicker walls. Those walls pass the river in Several 
  places rising from the waters edge much above the Sand Stone Bluffs, which 
  they Seam to penetrate; thence Continueing their course on a Streight line 
  on either Side of the river thorough the gradually ascending plains over 
  which they tower to the hight of from ten to 90 feet untill they reach the 
  hills which they finally enter and Conceal themselves. these walls 
  Sometimes run parallel to each other, with Several ranges near each other, 
  and at other times intersecting each other at right angles, haveing the 
  appearance of the walls of ancient houses or gardins. both Capt Lewis and 
  My self walked on Shore this evening and examined those walls minutely and 
  preserved a Specimine of the Stone. I found many clifts of very 
  excellent free Stone of a light yellowish brown Colour. Capt# Lewis 
  observed a Species of pine which I had never Seen, it differs from the 
  pitch pine in the particular of its leaf and Cone, the first being partly 
  Shorter, and the latter considerably longer and more pointed. The 
  appearance of Coal Continues but in Smaller quantities, but little 
  appearance of burnt hills or pumicestone. the mineral Salt in Some measure 
  have abated and no quarts. we Saw a great number of the Big Horn, Some 
  mule deer, and a few Buffalow and Elk, no antelopes or Common Deer. Capt# 
  Lewis killed a Big horn animal. the party killed 2 Buffalow one Elk and a 
  Big horn or Ibex to day. The river has been from 150 to 250 yards wide 
  but little timber on the river to day. river less muddy than it was below. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0692-1805-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 1st 1805 The moring was cloudy and a few drops of rain. Set 
  out at an early hour and proceeded as usual by the help of our chords. the 
  river Clifts and bluffs not so high as yesterday and the country becomes 
  more level. a mountain or a part of the N# Mountain appears to approach 
  the river within 8 or 10 ms# bearing N# from our encampment of the last 
  evening. Capt C# who walked on shore today informed me that the river 
  hills were much lower than usual and that from the tops of those hills he 
  had a delightfull view of rich level and extensive plains on both sides of 
  the river; in those plains, which in many places reach the river clifts, 
  he observed large banks of pure sand which appeared to have been driven by 
  the S W# winds from the river bluffs and there deposited. the plains are 
  more fertile at some distance from the river than near the bluffs where 
  the surface of the earth is very generally covered with small smothe 
  pebbles which have the appearance of having been woarn by the agitation of 
  the waters in which they were no doubt once immerced. A range of high 
  Mountains appear to the S# W# at a considerable distance covered with 
  snow, they appear to run Westerly. no timber appears on the highlands; but 
  much more than yesterday on the river and Islands. rockey points and 
  shoals less freequent than yesterday but some of them quite as bad when 
  they did occur. the river from 2 to 400 yards wide, courant more gentle 
  and still becoming clearer. game is by no means as abundant as below; we 
  killed one male bighorn and a mule deer today; saw buffalow at a distance 
  in the plains particularly near a small Lake on Lard# side about 8 ms# 
  distant. some few drops of rain again fell this evening. we passed six 
  Islands and encamped on the 7th; they are all small but contain some 
  timber. the wind has been against us all day. I saw the choke cherry 
  the yellow and red courant bushes; the wild rose appears now to be in full 
  bloom as are also the prickley pear which are numerous in these plains. We 
  also saw some Indian Lodges of sticks today which did not appear to have 
  been long evacuated. some coal appear in the bluffs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0693-1805-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 1st Satterday 1805 a Cloudy morning we Set out at an early hour and 
  proseeded on as usial with the toe rope The Countrey appears to be lower 
  and the Clifts not So high or Common, a mountain or a part of the north 
  Mountain about 8 or 10 miles N# of this place, I walked on Shore to day 
  found the Plains much lower than we have Seen them and on the top we 
  behold an extencive plain on both Sides, in this plain I observed maney 
  noles of fine Sand which appeared to have blown from the river bluffs and 
  collected at these points Those plains are fertile near the river a great 
  no# of Small Stone, I observed at Some distance to the S# W# a high 
  mountain which appears to bear westerly The Cole appear as usial, more 
  Cotton trees Scattered on the Shores & Islands than yesterday ¬ no 
  timber on the high land, the river from 2 to 400 yards wide & current 
  more jentle than yesterday but fiew bad rapid points to day ¬ the wild 
  animals not So plenty as below we only killed a ram & mule Deer to 
  day, we Saw Buffalow at a distance in the plains, particularly near a Lake 
  on the Lard# Side about 8 miles distant from the river ¬ We passed Six 
  Islands and encamped on the 7th all those Islands are Small but contain 
  Some timber on them The river riseing a little Wind to day from the S# W# 
  Som fiew drops of rain in the morning and also in the evening, flying 
  Clouds all day 
  = 
  Saw Several Indian camps made of Sticks & bark Set up on end and do 
  not appear to belong evacuated ¬ The roses are in full bloome, I 
  observe yellow berries, red berry bushes Great numbers of Wild or choke 
  Cheries, prickley pares are in blossom & in great numbers 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0694-1805-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 2ed 1805 The wind blew violently last night and was attended 
  by a slight shower of rain; the morning was fair and we set out at an 
  early hour. imployed the chord as usual the greater part of the day. the 
  courant was strong tho regular, and the banks afforded us good toeing. the 
  wind was hard and against us yet we proceded with infinitely more ease 
  than the two precedeing days. The river bluffs still continue to get lower 
  and the plains leveler and more extensive; the timber on the river 
  increases in quantity; the country in all other rispects much as discribed 
  yesterday. I think we are now completely above the black hills we had a 
  small shower of rain today but it lasted only a few minutes and was very 
  moderate. Game becomeing more abundant this morning and I thought it best 
  now to loose no time or suffer an opportunity to escape in providing the 
  necessary quantity of Elk's skins to cover my leather boat which I now 
  expect I shall be obliged to use shortly. Accordingly I walked on shore 
  most of the day with some of the hunters for that purpose and killed 6 Elk 
  2 buffale 2 Mule deer and a bear. these anamals were all in good order we 
  therefore took as much of the meat as our canoes and perogues could 
  conveniently carry. the bear was very near catching Drewyer; it also 
  pursued Charbono who fired his gun in the air as he ran but fortunately 
  eluded the vigilence of the bear by secreting himself very securely in the 
  bushes untill Drewyer finally killed it by a shot in the head; the shot 
  indeed that will conquer the farocity of those tremendious anamals. in 
  the course of the day we passed 9 Islands all of them small and most of 
  them containing some timber. 
  = 
  we came too on the Lard# side in a handsome bottom of small cottonwood 
  timber opposite to the entrance of a very considerable river; but it being 
  too late to examine these rivers minutely to night we determined to remain 
  here untill the morning, and as the evening was favourable to make some 
  obsevations. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0695-1805-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 2nd Sunday 1805 we had a hard wind and a little rain last night, this 
  morning fair we Set out at an early hour, wind from the S W# Some little 
  rain to day wind hard a head, the Countrey much like that of yesterday as 
  discribed Capt Lewis walked on Shore, himself & the hunters killed 6 
  Elk & a Bear and 2 mule deer, and 2 buffalow which was all in good 
  order a beaver also killed to day, passed 9 Islands to day the Current 
  Swift but regular, we Camped on the Lard Side at the forks of the river 
  the Currents & Sizes of them we Could not examine this evening a fair 
  night we took Some Luner observations of moon & Stears 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0696-1805-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 3rd 1805 This morning early we passed over and formed a camp 
  on the point formed by the junction of the two large rivers. here in the 
  course of the day I continued my observations as are above stated. An 
  interesting question was now to be determined; which of these rivers was 
  the Missouri, or that river which the Minnetares call Amahte Arz zha or 
  Missouri, and which they had discribed to us as approaching very near to 
  the Columbia river. to mistake the stream at this period of the season, 
  two months of the traveling season having now elapsed, and to ascend such 
  stream to the rocky Mountain or perhaps much further before we could 
  inform ourselves whether it did approach the Columbia or not, and then be 
  obliged to return and take the other stream would not only loose us the 
  whole of this season but would probably so dishearten the party that it 
  might defeat the expedition altogether. convinced we were that the utmost 
  circumspection and caution was necessary in deciding on the stream to be 
  taken. to this end an investigation of both streams was the first thing to 
  be done; to learn their widths, debths, comparitive rappidity of their 
  courants and thence the comparitive bodies of water furnished by each; 
  accordingly we dispatched two light canoes with three men in each up those 
  streams; we also sent out several small parties by land with instructions 
  to penetrate the country as far as they conveniently can permiting 
  themselves time to return this evening and indeavour if possible to 
  discover the distant bearing of those rivers by ascending the rising 
  grounds. between the time of my A#M# and meridian Capt# C & myself 
  stroled out to the top of the hights in the fork of these rivers from 
  whence we had an extensive and most inchanting view; the country in every 
  derection around us was one vast plain in which innumerable herds of 
  Buffalow were seen attended by their shepperds the wolves; the solatary 
  antelope which now had their young were distributed over it's face; some 
  herds of Elk were also seen; the verdure perfectly cloathed the ground, 
  the weather was pleasent and fair; to the South we saw a range of lofty 
  mountains which we supposed to be a continuation of the S# Mountains, 
  streching themselves from S# E# to N# W# terminating abbrubtly about S# 
  West from us; these were partially covered with snow; behind these 
  Mountains and at a great distance, a second and more lofty range of 
  mountains appeared to strech across the country in the same direction with 
  the others, reaching from West, to the N of N# W#, where their snowey tops 
  lost themselves beneath the horizon. this last range was perfectly covered 
  with snow. the direction of the rivers could be seen but little way, soon 
  loosing the break of their channels, to our view, in the common plain. on 
  our return to camp we boar a little to the left and discovered a handsome 
  little river falling into the N# fork on Lard# side about 11/2 ms# above 
  our camp. this little river has as much timber in it's bottoms as either 
  of the larger streams. there are a great number of prickley pears in these 
  plains; the Choke cherry grows here in abundance both in the river bottoms 
  and in the steep ravenes along the river bluffs. saw the yellow and red 
  courants, not yet ripe; also the goosberry which begins to ripen; the wild 
  rose which grows here in great abundance in the bottoms of all these 
  rivers is now in full bloom, and adds not a little to the beaty of the 
  cenery. we took the width of the two rivers, found the left hand or S# 
  fork 372 yards and the N# fork 200. The noth fork is deeper than the other 
  but it's courant not so swift; it's waters run in the same boiling and 
  roling manner which has uniformly characterized the Missouri throughout 
  it's whole course so far; it's waters are of a whitish brown colour very 
  thick and terbid, also characteristic of the Missouri; while the South 
  fork is perfectly transparent runds very rappid but with a smoth unruffled 
  surface it's bottom composed of round and flat smooth stones like most 
  rivers issuing from a mountainous country. the bed of the N# fork composed 
  of some gravel but principally mud; in short the air & character of 
  this river is so precisely that of the missouri below that the party with 
  very few exceptions have already pronounced the N# fork to be the 
  Missouri; myself and Capt# C# not quite so precipitate have not yet 
  decided but if we were to give our opinions I believe we should be in the 
  minority, certain it is that the North fork gives the colouring matter and 
  character which is retained from hence to the gulph of Mexico. I am 
  confident that this river rises in and passes a great distance through an 
  open plain country I expect that it has some of it's souces on the Eastern 
  side of the rocky mountain South of the Saskashawan, but that it dose not 
  penetrate the first range of these Mountains and that much the greater 
  part of it's sources are in a northwardly direction towards the lower and 
  middle parts of the Saskashawan in the open plains. convinced I am that if 
  it penetrated the Rocky Mountains to any great distance it's waters would 
  be clearer unless it should run an immence distance indeed after leaving 
  those mountains through these level plains in order to acquire it's turbid 
  hue. what astonishes us a little is that the Indians who appeared to be so 
  well acquainted with the geography of this country should not have 
  mentioned this river on wright hand if it be not the Missouri; the river 
  that scolds at all others, as they call it if there is in reallity such an 
  one, ought agreeably to their account, to have fallen in a considerable 
  distance below, and on the other hand if this righthand or N# fork be the 
  Missouri I am equally astonished at their not mentioning the S# fork which 
  they must have passed in order to get to those large falls which they 
  mention on the Missouri. thus have our cogitating faculties been busily 
  employed all day. 
  = 
  Those who have remained at camp today have been busily engaged in dressing 
  skins for cloathing, notwithstanding that many of them have their feet so 
  mangled and bruised with the stones and rough ground over which they 
  passed barefoot, that they can scarcely walk or stand; at least it is with 
  great pain they do either. for some days past they were unable to wear 
  their mockersons; they have fallen off considerably, but notwithstanding 
  the difficulties past, or those which seem now to mennace us, they still 
  remain perfectly cheerfull. In the evening the parties whom we had sent 
  out returned agreeably to instructions. The parties who had been sent up 
  the rivers in canoes informed that they ascended some distance and had 
  then left their canoes and walked up the rivers a considerable distance 
  further barely leaving themselves time to return; the North fork was not 
  so rappid as the other and afforded the easiest navigation of course; Six 
  feet appeared to be the shallowest water of the S# Branch and 5 feet that 
  of the N# Their accounts were by no means satisfactory nor did the 
  information we acquired bring us nigher to the decision of our question or 
  determine us which stream to take. Sergt# Pryor had ascended the N# fork 
  and had taken the following courses and distances ¬ viz ¬  
  = 
  Joseph and Reubin Fields reported that they had been up the South fork 
  about 7 mes# on a streight course somewhat N of W# and that there the 
  little river which discharges itself into the North fork just above us, 
  was within 100 yards of the S# fork; that they came down this little river 
  and found it a boald runing stream of about 40 yds# wide containg much 
  timber in it's bottom, consisting of the narrow and wide leafed cottonwood 
  with some birch and box alder undrgrowth willows rosebushes currents &c# 
  they saw a great number of Elk on this river and some beaver. Those 
  accounts being by no means satisfactory as to the fundamental point; Capt# 
  C# and myself concluded to set out early the next morning with a small 
  party each, and ascend these rivers untill we could perfectly satisfy 
  ourselves of the one, which it would be most expedient for us to take on 
  our main journey to the Pacific. accordingly it was agreed that I should 
  ascend the right hand fork and he the left. I gave orders to Sergt# Pryor 
  Drewyer, Shields, Windsor, Cruzatte and La Page to hold themselves in 
  readiness to accompany me in the morning. Capt# Clark also selected Reubin 
  &Joseph Fields, Sergt# Gass, Shannon and his black man York, to 
  accompany him. we agreed to go up those rivers one day and a halfs march 
  or further if it should appear necessary to satisfy us more fully of the 
  point in question. the hunters killed 2 Buffaloe, 6 Elk and 4 deer today. 
  the evening proved cloudy. we took a drink of grog this evening and gave 
  the men a dram, and made all matters ready for an early departure in the 
  morning. I had now my sack and blanket happerst in readiness to swing on 
  my back, which is the first time in my life that I had ever prepared a 
  burthen of this kind, and I am fully convinced that it will not be the 
  last. I take my Octant with me also, this I confide La Page. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0697-1805-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 3rd Monday 1805 we formed a Camp on the point in the junction of the 
  two rivers, and dispatched a Canoe & three men up each river to 
  examine and find if possible which is the most probable branch, the left 
  fork which is the largest we are doubtfull of, the Indians do not mention 
  any river falling in on the right in this part of the Missouri, The 
  Scolding river, if there is Such a one Should have fallen in below 
  agreeable to their accts. we also dispatched men in different dircts. by 
  land, to a mountain Covered with Snow to the South & other up each 
  river ¬ Capt Lewis and my Self walked out & assended the hill in 
  the point observed a leavel open Countrey to the foot of the mountains 
  which lye South of this, also a River which falls into the Right hand fork 
  about 11/2 miles above its mouth on the Lard# Side this little river 
  discharges a great deal of water & contains as much Cotton timber in 
  its bottoms as either of the others we saw Buffalow & antelopes &c# 
  wild Cheries, red & yellow hurries, Goose berries &c# abound in 
  the river bottoms, prickley pares on the high plains, we had a meridian 
  altitude and the Lattd. produced was 47° 24' 12" N# the after part of the 
  day proved Cloudy, we measured each river and found the one to Right hand 
  200 yards wide of water & the Left hand fork 372 yards wide & 
  rapid ¬ the right hand fork falling the other at a Stand and Clear, 
  the right fork and the river which fall into it is Coloured & a little 
  muddey. Several men Complain of their feet being Sore in walking in the 
  Sand & their being Cut by the Stones They to be Sure have a bad time 
  of it obliged to walk on Shore & haul the rope and 9/10 of their time 
  bear footed, in the evening late the Canoes returned and the men informed 
  us that they had assended Some miles by water & left their Canoes 
  & walked on land the greater part of the day, their accounts by no 
  means Satisfactory, Serjt# Pryor assended the right hand fork and took the 
  following Courses, &c 
  = 
  Joseph & Rubin Fields went up the left fork 7 miles on a direct line 
  at which place, the Small river which falls into the right hand fork 
  approaches within 100 yards of the South fork, they Came down the Small 
  river which is a bold Stream Covered with Elk & Some beaver, its 
  bottoms Covered with wood, as the Information given by those parties 
  respecting the rivers did not Satisfy us as to the main & principal 
  branch Capt# Lewis & my Self deturmined to go up each of those rivers 
  one Day & a half with a view to Satisfy ourselves which of the two was 
  the principal Stream and best calculated for us to assend ¬ The 
  hunters Killed 2 buffalow, 6 Elk & Several deer to day we refreshed 
  our party with a dram &c Cloudy evining. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0698-1805-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 4th 1805 This morning early Capt# C# departed, and at the 
  same time I passed the wright hand fork opposite to our camp below a small 
  Island; from hence I steered N# 30 W# 41/2 to a commanding eminence; here 
  I took the following bearings of the mountains which were in view. The 
  North Mountains appear to change their direction from that of being 
  parallel with the Missouri turning to the North and terminating abruptly; 
  their termineation bearing N# 48° E distant by estimate 30 mes# The South 
  Mountains appear to turn to the S# also terminating abrubtly, their 
  extremity bearing S# 8 W# distant 25 mes# The Barn Mountain, a lofty 
  mountain so called from it's resemblance to the roof of a large Barn, is a 
  seperate Mountain and appears reather to the wright of and retreating from 
  the extremity of the S# mts.; this boar S# 38 W# distant 35 ms# The North 
  fork which I am now ascending lies to my left and appears to make a 
  considerable bend to the N# W# on it's Western border a range of hills 
  about 10 mes# long appear to lye parallel with the river and from hence 
  bear N# 60° W# to the N# of this range of hills an Elivated point of the 
  river bluff on it's Lard# side boar N# 72° W# distant 12 mes# to this last 
  object I now directed my course through a high level dry open plain. the 
  whole country in fact appears to be one continued plain to the foot of the 
  mountains or as far as the eye can reach; the soil appears dark rich and 
  fertile yet the grass is by no means as high nor dose it look so luxurient 
  as I should have expected, it is short just sufficient to conceal the 
  ground. great abundance of prickly pears which are extreemly troublesome; 
  as the thorns very readily perce the foot through the Mockerson; they are 
  so numerous that it requires one half of the traveler's attention to avoid 
  them In these plains I observed great numbers of the brown Curloos, a 
  small species of curloo or plover of a brown colour about the size of the 
  common snipe and not unlike it in form with a long celindric curved and 
  pointed beak; it's wings are proportionately long and the tail short; in 
  the act of liteing this bird lets itself down by an extention of it's 
  wings without motion holding their points very much together above it's 
  back, in this rispect differing ascentially from any bird I ever observed. 
  a number of sparrows also of three distinct species I observed. also a 
  small bird which in action resembles the lark, it is about the size of a 
  large sparrow of a dark brown colour with some white fathers in the tail; 
  this bird or that which I take to be the male rises into the air about 60 
  feet and supporting itself in the air with a brisk motion of the wings 
  sings very sweetly, has several shrill soft notes reather of the plaintive 
  order which it frequently repeats and varies, after remaining stationary 
  about a minute in his aireal station he descends obliquely occasionly 
  pausing and accomnying his decension with a note something like twit twit 
  twit; on the ground he is silent. thirty or forty of these birds will be 
  stationed in the air at a time in view, these larks as I shall call them 
  add much to the gayety and cheerfullness of the scene. All those birds are 
  now seting and laying their eggs in the plains; their little nests are to 
  be seen in great abundance as we pass. there are meriads of small 
  grasshoppers in these plains which no doubt furnish the principal aliment 
  of this numerous progeny of the feathered creation. after walking about 
  eight miles I grew thisty and there being no water in the plains I changed 
  my direction and boar obliquely in towards the river, on my arrival at 
  which about 3 mes# below the point of observation, we discovered two deer 
  at feed at some distance near the river; I here halted the party and sent 
  Drewyer to kill one of them for breakfast; this excellent hunter soon 
  exceded his orders by killing of them both; they proved to be two Mule 
  Bucks in fine order; we soon kindled a fire cooked and made a hearty meal. 
  it was not yet twelve when we arrived at the river and I was anxious to 
  take the Meridian Altd. of the sun but the clouds prevent ed my obtaining 
  the observation. after refreshing ourselves we proceded up the river to 
  the extremity of the first course, from whence the river boar on it's 
  general course N# 15° W# 2 M# to a bluff point on Stard# here Drewyer 
  killed four other deer of the common kind; we skined them and hung up a 
  part of the meat and the skins as we did also of the first, and took as 
  much of the meat as we thought would answer for our suppers and proceeded 
  N# 30 W# 2 m# to the entrance of a large creek on Lard# side the part of 
  the river we have passed is from 40 to 60 yds# wide, is deep, has falling 
  banks, the courant strong, the water terbid and in short has every 
  appearance of the missouri below except as to size. it's bottoms narrow 
  but well timbered. Salts coal and other mineral appearances as usual; the 
  bluffs principally of dark brown, yellow and some white clay; some 
  freestone also appears in places. The river now boar N# 20° E# 12 mes# to 
  a bluff on Lard# At the commencement of this course we ascended the hills 
  which are about 200 feet high, and passed through the plains about 3 m# 
  but finding the dry ravines so steep and numerous we determined to return 
  to the river and travel through it's bottoms and along the foot and sides 
  of the bluffs, accordingly we again reached the river about 4 miles from 
  the commencement of the last course and encamped a small distant above on 
  the Stard# side in a bend among the willow bushes which defended us from 
  the wind which blew hard from the N# W# it rained this evening and wet us 
  to the skin; the air was extremely could. just before we encamped Drewyer 
  fired at a large brown bar across the river and wounded him badly but it 
  was too late to pursue him. killed a braro and a beaver, also at the place 
  of our encampment, a very fine Mule deer. we saw a great number of 
  Buffaloe, Elk, wolves and foxes today. the river bottoms form one emence 
  garden of roses, now in full bloe. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0699-1805-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 4th Tuesday 1805 Capt# Lewis & my Self each with a Small party of 
  men Set out earlythose who accompanied Capt Lewis were G# Drewyer Serjt# 
  Pryor, J Shields, P# Crusat J# B# de Page, R# Winser, went up the N# side 
  of the N# fork. those who accompanied me were Serjt# Gass Jos. & Ruben 
  Fields G# Shannon & my black man York, and we Set out to examine the 
  South fork, our first Course was S# 25° W# 7 miles to the S# fork at a 
  Spring, at which place the little river which falls into the N# fork is 
  100 yards distant only Seperated from the South fork by a narrow ridge. 
  our course from thence S# 20° W# 8 miles to the river at an Island where 
  we dined below a Small river falls in on the S E Side which heads in a 
  mountain to the S# E about 20 miles. North of this place about 4 miles the 
  little river brakes thro a high ridge into the open Leavel plain thro 
  which we have passd# from the point, this plain is covered with low grass 
  & prickley pear, emence number of Prarie dogs or barking Squirel are 
  thro this plain ¬ after eating we proceeded on N# 45° W# Struck the 
  river at 3 miles 5, 9 & 13 miles at which place we encamped in an old 
  Indian lodge made of Stiks and bark at the river near our camp we Saw two 
  white Bear, one of them was nearly catching Joseph Fields who could not 
  fire, as his gun was wet the bear was So near that it Struck his foot, and 
  we were not in a Situation to give him assistance, a Clift of rocks 
  Seperated us the bear got allarmed at our Shot & yells & took the 
  river. Some rain all the afternoon Saw Several Gangues of Buffalow 
  at a distance in the open plains on each Side, Saw Mule deer antilopes 
  & wolves ¬ The river is rapid & Closely himed on one or the 
  other Side with high bluffs, Crouded with Islands & graveley bars 
  Containing but a Small quantity of timber on its bottoms & none on the 
  high land. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0700-1805-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 5th 1805. This morning was cloudy and so could that I was 
  obleged to have recourse to a blanket coat in order to keep myself 
  comfortable altho walking. the rain continued during the greater part of 
  last night. the wind hard from N# W# we set out at sunrise and proceded up 
  the river eight miles on the course last taken yesterday evening, at the 
  extremity of which a large creek falls in on the Stard# 25 yards. wide at 
  it's entrance, some timber but no water, notwithstanding the rain; it's 
  course upwards is N# E# it is astonishing what a quantity of water it 
  takes to saturate the soil of this country, the earth of the plains are 
  now opened in large crivices in many places and yet looks like a rich loam 
  from the entrance of this Creek (which I called Lark C#) the river boar N# 
  50. W# 4 m# at the entrance of this creek the bluffs were very steep and 
  approached the river so near on the Stard# side that we ascended the hills 
  and passed through the plains; at the extremity of this course we returned 
  to the river which then boar North 2 rues. from the same point, I 
  discovered a lofty single mountain which appeard to be at a great 
  distance, perhaps 80 or more miles it boar N# 52 W# from it's conic figure 
  I called it tower Mountain. we now passed through the river bottoms to the 
  extremity of the last course thence with the river S 60° W 11/2 m# S 10 W# 
  3 m N 50 W 11/2 at the extremity of which I again ascended the bluffs and 
  took a course to a point of the Lard# bluffs of the river which boar West 
  10 m# the river making a deep bend to the south that is of at least five 
  miles from the center of the chord line to the center of the bend. on this 
  course we passed through the plains found the plains as yesterday 
  extreemly leavel and beautifull, great quanties of Buffaloe, some wolves 
  foxes and Antelopes seen. near the river the plain is cut by deep ravines 
  in this plain and from one to nine miles from the river or any water, we 
  saw the largest collection of the burrowing or barking squirrels that we 
  had ever yet seen; we passed through a skirt of the territory of this 
  community for about 7 miles. I saw a flock of the mountain cock, or a 
  large species of heath hen with a long pointed tail which the Indians 
  informed us were common to the Rockey Mountains, I sent Shields to kill 
  one of them but he was obliged to fire a long distance at them and missed 
  his aim. as we had not killed or eat anything today we each killed a 
  burrowing squrrel as we passed them in order to make shure of our suppers. 
  we again intersepted the river at the expiration of the last course or the 
  lard. bluffs, from whence it now boar N 80° W# 2 mes# from this point saw 
  some other lofty mountains to the N# W# of Tower Mtn. which boar N# 65°W# 
  80 or 100 mes# distant at the expiration of this course we killed five Elk 
  and a blacktailed or mule deer and encamped on Stard# side of the river in 
  a handsome well timbered bottom where there were several old stick lodges. 
  in the forepart of the day there was but little timber in the river 
  bottoms but the quantity is now greater than usual. the river is about 80 
  yds# wide with a strong steady courant and from 6 to 10 feet water. I had 
  the burrowing squirrels roasted by way of experiment and found the flesh 
  well flavored and tender; some of them were very fat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0701-1805-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 5th Wednesday 1805 Some little rain & Snow last night the 
  mountains to our S E# covered with Snow this morning air verry Cold & 
  raining a little, we Saw 8 buffalow opposit, they made 2 attempts to 
  Cross, the water being So Swift they Could not, about the time we were 
  Setting out three white bear approached our Camp we killed the three & 
  eate part of one & Set out & proceeded on N# 20° W 11 miles. k 
  the river at maney places in this distance to a ridge on the N# Side t m 
  the top of which I could plainly See a mountain to the South & W# 
  covered with Snow at a long distance, The mountains opposit to us to the 
  S# E# is also Covered with Snow this morning. a high ridge from 
  those mountains approach the river on the S E Side forming Some Clifts of 
  hard dark Stone. From the ridge at which place I Struck the river 
  last, I could  ¿¿  discover that the river run west of South a long 
  distance, and has a Strong rapid Current, as this river Continued its 
  width debth & rapidity and the Course west of South, going up further 
  would be useless, I deturmined to return, I accordingly Set out, thro the 
  plain on a Course N# 30° E on my return & Struck the little river at 
  20 miles passing thro a Leavel plain, at the little river we killed 2 buck 
  Elk & dined on their marrow, proceeded on a few miles & Camped, 
  haveing killed 2 deer which was verry fat, Some few drops of rain to day, 
  the evening fair wind hard from the N# E# I Saw great numbers of Elk & 
  white tale deer, Some beaver, antelope mule deer & wolves & one 
  bear on this little river marked my name in a tree N# Side near the ridge 
  where the little river brakes thro 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0702-1805-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 6th 1805. I now became well convinced that this branch of 
  the Missouri had it's direction too much to the North for our rout to the 
  Pacific, and therefore determined to return the next day after taking an 
  observation of the sun's Meridian Altitude in order to fix the latitude of 
  the place. The forepart of the last evening was fair but in the latter 
  part of the night clouded up and contnued so with short intervals of 
  sunshine untill a little before noon when the whole horizon was overcast, 
  and I of course disappointed in making the observation which I much 
  wished. I had sent Sergt# Pryor and Windsor early this morning with orders 
  to procede up the river to some commanding eminence and take it's bearing 
  as far as possible. in the mean time the four others and myself were 
  busily engaged in making two rafts on which we purposed descending the 
  river; we had just completed this work when Sergt# Pryor and Windsor 
  returned, it being about noon; they reported that they had proceded from 
  hence S 70 W# 6 m# to the summit of a commanding eminence from whence the 
  river on their left was about 21/2 miles distant; that a point of it's 
  Lard# bluff, which was visible boar S 80 W# distant about 15 ms#; that the 
  river on their left bent gradually arround to this point, and from thence 
  seemed to run Northwardly. we now took dinner and embarcked with our 
  plunder and five Elk's skins on the rafts but were soon convinced that 
  this mode of navigation was hazerdous particularly with those rafts they 
  being too small and slender. we wet a part of our baggage and were near 
  loosing one of our guns; I therefore determined to abandon the rafts and 
  return as we had come, by land. I regreted much being obliged to leave my 
  Elk's skins, which I wanted to assist in forming my leather boat; those we 
  had prepared at Fort Mandan being injured in such manner that they would 
  not answer. we again swung our packs and took our way through the open 
  plains for about 12 mes# when we struck the river; the wind blew a storm 
  from N# E# accompanyed by frequent showers of rain; we were wet and very 
  could. continued our rout down the river only a few miles before the 
  Abruptness of the clifts and their near approach to the river compelled us 
  take the plains and once more face the storm; here we boar reather too 
  much to the North and it was late in the evening before we reached the 
  river, in our way we killed two buffaloe and took with us as much of the 
  flesh as served us that night, and a part of the next day. we encamped a 
  little below the entrance of the large dry Creek called Lark C# having 
  traveled abut 25 mes# since noon. it continues to rain and we have no 
  shelter, an uncomfortable nights rest is the natural consequence. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0703-1805-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 6th Thursday 1805 a Cloudy Cold raw day wind hard from the N# E# we 
  Set out early & traveled down the little river which was imedeately in 
  our Course on this river we killed 7 Deer for their Skins the bottoms of 
  this little river is in everry respect except in extent like the large 
  bottoms of the Missouri below the forks containing a great perpotion of a 
  kind of Cotton wood with a leaf resembling a wild Cherry. I also observed 
  wild Tanzey on this little river in great quantities, we halted at 12 
  oClock and eate a part of a fat Buck, after Dinner we assended the Plain 
  at which time it began to rain and Continued all day, at 5 oClock we 
  arrived at our Camp on the point, where I expected to meet Capt Lewis ¬  he 
  did not return this evening. my Self and party much fatigued haveing 
  walked Constantly as hard as we Could march over a Dry hard plain, 
  dcending & assending the Steep river hills & gullies, in my 
  absence the party had killed an Elk & 2 buffalow, I Sent out for the 
  meat a part of which was brought in ¬ nothing remarkable had 
  transpired at camp in my absence 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0704-1805-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 7th 1805. It continued to rain almost without intermission 
  last night and as I expected we had a most disagreable and wrestless 
  night. our camp possessing no allurements, we left our watery beads at an 
  early hour and continued our rout down the river. it still continues to 
  rain the wind hard from N# E# and could. the grownd remarkably slipry, 
  insomuch that we were unable to walk on the sides of the bluffs where we 
  had passed as we ascended the river. notwithstanding the rain that has now 
  fallen the earth of these bluffs is not wet to a greater debth than 2 
  inches; in it's present state it is precisely like walking over frozan 
  grownd which is thawed to small debth and slips equally as bad. this clay 
  not only appears to require more water to saturate it as I before observed 
  than any earth I ever observed but when saturated it appears on the other 
  hand to yeald it's moisture with equal difficulty. In passing along the 
  face of one of these bluffs today I sliped at a narrow pass of about 30 
  yards in length and but for a quick and fortunate recovery by means of my 
  espontoon I should been precipitated into the river down a craggy 
  pricipice of about ninety feet. I had scarcely reached a place on which I 
  could stand with tolerable safety even with the assistance of my espontoon 
  before I heard a voice behind me cry out god god Capt# what shall I do on 
  turning about I found it was Windsor who had sliped and fallen abut the 
  center of this narrow pass and was lying prostrate on his belley, with his 
  wright hand arm and leg over the precipice while he was holding on with 
  the left arm and foot as well as he could which appeared to be with much 
  difficulty. I discovered his danger and the trepedation which he was in 
  gave me still further concern for I expected every instant to see him 
  loose his strength and slip off; altho much allarmed at his situation I 
  disguised my feelings and spoke very calmly to him and assured him that he 
  was in no kind of danger, to take the knife out of his belt behind him 
  with his wright hand and dig a hole with it in the face of the bank to 
  receive his wright foot which he did and then raised himself to his knees; 
  I then directed him to take off his mockersons and to come forward on his 
  hands and knees holding the knife in one hand and the gun in the other 
  this he happily effected and escaped. those who were some little distance 
  bhind returned by my orders and waded the river at the foot of the bluff 
  where the water was breast deep. it was useless we knew to attempt the 
  plains on this part of the river in consequence of the numerous steep 
  ravines which intersected and which were quite as had as the river bluffs. 
  we therefore continued our rout down the river sometimes in the mud and 
  water of the bottom lands, at others in the river to our breasts and when 
  the water became so deep that we could not wade we cut footsteps in the 
  face of the steep bluffs with our knives and proceded. we continued our 
  disagreeable march through the rain mud and water untill late in the 
  evening having traveled only about 18 miles, and encamped in an old Indian 
  stick lodge which afforded us a dry and comfortable shelter. during the 
  day we had killed six deer some of them in very good order altho none of 
  them had yet entirely discarded their winter coats. we had reserved and 
  brought with us a good supply of the best peices; we roasted and eat a 
  hearty supper of our venison not having taisted a mosel before during the 
  day; I now laid myself down on some willow boughs to a comfortable nights 
  rest, and felt indeed as if I was fully repaid for the toil and pain of 
  the day, so much will a good shelter, a dry bed, and comfortable supper 
  revive the sperits of the waryed, wet and hungry traveler. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0705-1805-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 7th Friday 1805 rained moderately all the last night and Continus 
  this morning, the wind from the S# W, off the mountains, The Themometer 
  Stood at 40° above 0, I allow Several men to hunt a Short time to day, the 
  rain Continue moderately all day the bottom verry muddey 2 buffalow an Elk 
  & Deer killed to day ¬ Capt# Lewis not returned yet. river falling 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0706-1805-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 8th 1805 It continued to rain moderately all last night this 
  morning was cloudy untill about ten oClock when it cleared off and became 
  a fine day. we breakfasted and set out about sunrise and continued our 
  rout down the river bottoms through the mud and water as yesterday, tho 
  the road was somewhat better than yesterday and we were not so often 
  compelled to wade in the river. we passed some dangerous and difficult 
  bluffs. The river bottoms affording all the timber which is to be seen in 
  the country they are filled with innumerable litle birds that resort 
  thither either for shelter or to build their nests. when sun began to 
  shine today these birds appeared to be very gay and sung most 
  inchantingly; I observed among them the brown thrush, Robbin, turtle dove, 
  linnit goaldfinch, the large and small blackbird, wren and several other 
  birds of less note. some of the inhabitants of the praries also take 
  reffuge in these woods at night or from a storm. The whole of my party to 
  a man except myself were fully peswaided that this river was the Missouri, 
  but being fully of opinion that it was neither the main stream or that 
  which it would be advisable for us to take, I determined to give it a name 
  and in honour of Miss Maria W~d# called it Maria's River. it is true that 
  the hue of the waters of this turbulent and troubled stream but illy 
  comport with the pure celestial virtues and amiable qualifications of that 
  lovely fair one; but on the other hand it is a noble river; one destined 
  to become in my opinion an object of contention between the two great 
  powers of America and Great Britin with rispect to the adjustment of the 
  North westwardly boundary of the former; and that it will become one of 
  the most interesting brances of the Missouri in a commercial point of 
  view, I have but little doubt, as it abounds with anamals of the fur kind, 
  and most probably furnishes a safe and direct communication to that 
  productive country of valuable furs exclusively enjoyed at present by the 
  subjects of his Britanic Majesty; in adition to which it passes through a 
  rich fertile and one of the most beatifully picteresque countries that I 
  ever beheld, through the wide expance of which, innumerable herds of 
  living anamals are seen, it's borders garnished with one continued garden 
  of roses, while it's lofty and open forrests, are the habitation of 
  miriads of the feathered tribes who salute the ear of the passing traveler 
  with their wild and simple, yet sweet and cheerfull melody. I 
  arrived at camp about 5 OClock in the evening much fatiegued, where I 
  found Capt# Clark and the ballance of the party waiting our return with 
  some anxiety for our safety having been absent near two days longer than 
  we had engaged to return. on our way to camp we had killed 4 deer and two 
  Antelopes; the skins of which as well as those we killed while on the rout 
  we brought with us. Maria's river may be stated generally from sixty to a 
  hundred yards wide, with a strong and steady current and possessing 5 feet 
  water in the most sholly parts. 
  = 
  As the incidents which occurred Capt# C# during his rout will be more 
  fully and satisfactoryley expressed by himself I here insert a copy of his 
  journal during the days we wer seperated. 
  = 
  I now gave myself this evening to rest from my labours, took a drink of 
  grog and gave the men who had accompanyed me each a dram. Capt# Clark 
  ploted the courses of the two rivers as far as we had ascended them. I now 
  began more than ever to suspect the varacity of Mr# Fidler or the 
  correctness of his instruments. for I see that Arrasmith in his late map 
  of N# America has laid down a remarkable mountain in the chain of the 
  Rocky mountains called the tooth nearly as far South as Latitude 45°, and 
  this is said to be from the discoveries of Mr# Fidler? we are now within a 
  hundred miles of the Rocky Mountains, and I find from my observation of 
  the 3rd Inst that the latitude of this place is 47° 24' 12.8". the river 
  must therefore turn much to the South, between this and the rocky Mountain 
  to have permitted Mr# Fidler to have passed along the Eastern border of 
  these mountains as far S# as nearly 45° without even seeing it. but from 
  hence as far as Capt# C# had ascended the S# fork or Missouri being the 
  distance of 55 miles it's course is S# 29°W# and it still appeared to bear 
  considerably to the W# of South as far as he could see it. I think 
  therefore that we shall find that the Missouri enters the rocky mountains 
  to the North of 45° ¬ we did take the liberty of placing his 
  discoveries or at least the Southern extremity of them about a degree 
  further N# in the sketh which we sent on to the government this spring 
  mearly from the Indian information of the bearing from Fort Mandan of the 
  entrance of the Missouri into the Rocky Mountains, and I reather suspect 
  that actual observation will take him at least one other degree further 
  North. The general Course of Maria's river from hence to the extremity of 
  the last course taken by Sergt# pryor is N 69° W# 59 mes# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0707-1805-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 8th Saturday 1805 rained moderately all the last night & Some 
  this morning untill 10 oClock, I am Some what uneasy for Capt# Lewis & 
  party as days has now passed the time he was to have returned, I had all 
  the arms put in order and permited Severall men to hunt, aired and dried 
  our Stores &c# The rivers at this point has fallen 6 Inches Sinc our 
  arrival, at 10 oClock cleared away and became fair ¬ the wind all the 
  morning from the S# W# & hard ¬ The water of the South fork is of 
  a redish brown colour this morning the other river of a whitish colour as 
  usual The mountains to the South Covered with Snow. Wind Shifted to the N 
  E in the evening, about 5 oClock Capt# Lewis arrived with the party much 
  fatigued, and inform'd me that he had assended the river about 60 miles by 
  Land and that the river had a bold current of about 80 or 100 yards wide 
  the bottoms of Gravel & mud, and may be estimated at 5 feet water in 
  Sholest parts 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Some rain in the evening. the left hand fork rose a little. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0708-1805-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 9th 1805. We determined to deposite at this place the large 
  red perogue all the heavy baggage which we could possibly do without and 
  some provision, salt, tools powder and Lead &c with a view to lighten 
  our vessels and at the same time to strengthen their crews by means of the 
  seven hands who have been heretofore employd# in navigating the red 
  perogue; accordingly we set some hands to diging a hole or cellar for the 
  reception of our stores. these holes in the ground or deposits are called 
  by the engages cashes; on enquiry I found that Cruzatte was well 
  acquainted this business and therefore left the management of it intirely 
  to him. today we examined our maps, and compared the information derived 
  as well from them as from the Indians and fully settled in our minds the 
  propryety of addopting the South fork for the Missouri, as that which it 
  would be most expedient for us to take. The information of Mr# Fidler 
  incorrect as it is strongly argued the necessity of taking the South fork, 
  for if he has been along the Eastern side of the rocky mountains as far as 
  even Latd# 47°, which I think fully as far south as he ever was in that 
  direction, and saw only small rivulets making down from those mountains 
  the presumption is very strong that those little streams do not penetrate 
  the rocky Mountains to such distance as would afford rational grownds for 
  a conjecture that they had their sources near any navigable branch of the 
  Columbia, and if he has seen those rivulets as far south as 47° they are 
  most probably the waters of some Nothern branch of the Missouri or South 
  fork probably the river called by the Indians Medicine River; we therefore 
  cannot hope by going Northwardly of this place being already in Latititude 
  47° 24" to find a stream between this place and the Saskashawan which dose 
  penetrate the Rocky mountains, and which agreeably to the information of 
  the Indians with rispect to the Missouri, dose possess a navigable curent 
  some distance in those mountains. The Indian information also argued 
  strongly in favour of the South fork. they informed us that the water of 
  the Missouri was nearly transparent at the great falls, this is the case 
  with the water of the South fork; that the falls lay a little to the South 
  of sunset from them; this is also brobable as we are only a few minutes 
  North of Fort Mandan and the South fork bears considerably South from 
  hence to the Mountains; that the falls are below the rocky mountains and 
  near the Nothern termineation of one range of those mountains. a range of 
  mountains which apear behind the S# Mountains and which appear to 
  terminate S# W# from this place and on this side of the unbroken chain of 
  the Rocky Mountains gives us hope that this part of their information is 
  also correct, and there is sufficient distance between this and the 
  mountains for many and I fear for us much too many falls. another 
  impression on my mind is that if the Indians had passed any stream as 
  large as the South fork on their way to the Missouri that they would not 
  have omitted mentioning it; and the South fork from it's size and 
  complexion of it's waters must enter the Ry# Mountains and in my opinion 
  penetrates them to a great distance, or els whence such an immence body of 
  water as it discharges; it cannot procede from the dry plains to the N# W# 
  of the Yellow Stone river on the East side of the Rocky Mountains for 
  those numerous large dry channels which we witnessed on that side as we 
  ascended the Missouri forbid such a conjecture; and that it should take 
  it's sourses to the N# W# under those mountains the travels of Mr# Fidler 
  fobid us to beleive. Those ideas as they occurred to me I indevoured to 
  impress on the minds of the party all of whom except Capt# C# being still 
  firm in the beleif that the N# Fork was the Missouri and that which we 
  ought to take; they said very cheerfully that they were ready to follow us 
  any wher we thought proper to direct but that they still thought that the 
  other was the river and that they were affraid that the South fork would 
  soon termineate in the mountains and leave us at a great distance from the 
  Columbia. Cruzatte who had been an old Missouri navigator and who from his 
  integrity knowledge and skill as a waterman had acquired the confidence of 
  every individual of the party declared it as his opinion that the N# fork 
  was the true genuine Missouri and could be no other. finding them so 
  determined in this beleif, and wishing that if we were in an error to be 
  able to detect it and rectify it as soon as possible it was agreed between 
  Capt# C# and myself that one of us should set out with a small party by 
  land up the South fork and continue our rout up it untill we found the 
  falls or reached the snowy Mountains by which means we should be enabled 
  to determine this question prety accurately. this expedition I prefered 
  undertaking as Capt# C best waterman &c# and determined to set out the 
  day after tomorrow; I wished to make some further observations at this 
  place, and as we had determined to leave our blacksmith's bellows and 
  tools here it was necessary to repare some of our arms, and particularly 
  my Airgun the main spring of which was broken, before we left this place. 
  these and some other preperations will necessarily detain us two perhaps 
  three days. I felt myself very unwell this morning and took a portion of 
  salts from which I feel much releif this evening. The cash being completed 
  I walked to it and examined it's construction. it is in a high plain about 
  40 yards distant from a steep bluff of the South branch on it's nothern 
  side; the situation a dry one which is always necessary. a place being 
  fixed on for a cash, a circle abut 20 inches in diameter is first 
  discribed, the terf or sod of this circle is carefully removed, being 
  taken out as entire as possible in order that it may be replaced in the 
  same situation when the chash is filled and secured. this circular hole is 
  then sunk perpendicularly to the debth of one foot, if the ground be not 
  firm somewhat deeper. they then begin to work it out wider as they proceed 
  downwards untill they get it about six or seven feet deep giving it nearly 
  the shape of the kettle or lower part of a large still. it's bottom is 
  also somewhat sunk in the center. the dementions of the cash is in 
  proportion to the quantity of articles intended to be deposited. as the 
  earth is dug it is handed up in a vessel and carefully laid on a skin or 
  cloth and then carryed to some place where it can be thrown in such manner 
  as to conseal it usually into some runing stream wher it is washed away 
  and leaves no traces which might lead to the discovery of the cash. before 
  the goods are deposited they must be well dryed; a parsel of small dry 
  sticks are then collected and with them a floor is maid of three or four 
  inches thick which is then covered with some dry hay or a raw hide well 
  dryed; on this the articles are deposited, taking care to keep them from 
  touching the walls by putting other dry sticks between as you stoe away 
  the merchandize, when nearly full the goods are covered with a skin and 
  earth thrown in and well ramed untill with the addition of the turf furst 
  removed the whole is on a level with the serface of the ground. in this 
  manner dryed skins or merchandize will keep perfectly sound for several 
  years. the traders of the Missouri, particularly those engaged in the 
  trade with the Siouxs are obliged to have frequent recourse to this method 
  in order to avoyd being robed. most of the men are busily engaged dressing 
  skins for cloathing. In the evening Cruzatte gave us some music on the 
  violin and the men passed the evening in dancing singing &c and were 
  extreemly cheerfull. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0709-1805-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 9th Sunday a fair morning the wind hard from the S# W# the river 
  during the night fell 1 Inch, we conclude to burry a few of our heavy 
  articles, Some Powder & Lead provisions & a fiw Tools, in case of 
  accident and leave one perogue at this place, and as Soon as those things 
  are accomplished to assend the South fork, which appears to be more in our 
  Course than the N# fork the Genl. Course of the South fork for 35 miles is 
  S# 29° W# ¬ that of the N# fork is N# 69° W# for 59 miles, and as we 
  are North of Fort mandan it is probable the most Southerley fork is the 
  best for us. Capt# Lewis a little unwell to day & take Salts 
  &c# Send out 7 men to make a cache or hole to burry the Stores, air 
  out Cloathes &c# &c# finish'd the cache or Seller &c# the men 
  all engaged dressing Skins for their clothes, in the evening the party 
  amused themselves danceing and Singing Songes in the most Social manner. 
  had a meridian altitude which gave 47° 24' 29" took some Luner 
  observations which gave for Longitude  ¿¿  variation 151/2° East 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0710-1805-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 10th 1805. The day being fair and fine we dryed all our 
  baggage and merchandize. Shields renewed the main Spring of my air gun we 
  have been much indebted to the ingenuity of this man on many occasions; 
  without having served any regular apprenticeship to any trade, he makes 
  his own tools principally and works extreemly well in either wood or 
  metal, and in this way has been extreenely servicable to us, as well as 
  being a good hunter and an excellent waterman. in order to guard against 
  accedents we thout it well to conceal some ammunicion here and accordingly 
  buryed a tin cannester of 4 lbs. of powder and an adequate quantity of 
  lead near our tent; a cannester of 6 lbs. lead and an ax in a thicket up 
  the S# Fork three hundred yards distant from the point. we concluded that 
  we still could spare more amunition for this deposit Capt# Clark was 
  therefore to make a further deposit in the morning, in addition to one Keg 
  of 20 lbs. and an adequate proportion of lead which had been laid by to be 
  buryed in the large Cash. we now scelected the articles to be deposited in 
  this cash which consisted of 2 best falling axes, one auger, a set of 
  plains, some files, blacksmiths bellowses and hammers Stake tongs &c# 
  1 Keg of flour, 2 Kegs of parched meal, 2 Kegs of Pork, 1 Keg of salt, 
  some chissels, a cooper's Howel, some tin cups, 2 Musquets, 3 brown bear 
  skins, beaver skins, horns of the bighorned anamal, a part of the men's 
  robes clothing and all their superfluous baggage of every discription, and 
  beaver traps. we drew up the red perogue into the middle of a small 
  Island at the entrance of Maria's river, and secured and made her fast to 
  the trees to prevent the high floods from carrying her off put my brand on 
  several trees standing near her, and covered her with brush to shelter her 
  from the effects of the sun. At 3 P#M# we had a hard wind from the S# W# 
  which continued about an hour attended with thunder and rain. as soon as 
  the shower had passed over we drew out our canoes, corked, repared and 
  loaded them. I still feel myself somewhat unwell with the disentary, but 
  determined to set out in the morning up the South fork or Missouri leaving 
  Capt# Clark to compleat the deposit and follow me by water with the party; 
  accordingly gave orders to Drewyer, Joseph Fields, Gibson and Goodrich to 
  hold themselves in readiness to accompany me in the morning. Sah~cah~gah, 
  we a, our Indian woman is very sick this evening; Capt# C# blead her. the 
  night was cloudy with some rain. 
  = 
  I saw a small bird today which I do not recollect ever having seen before. 
  it is about the size of the blue thrush or catbird, and it's contour not 
  unlike that bird. the beak is convex, moderately curved, black, smoth, and 
  large in proportion to its size. the legs were black, it had four toes of 
  the same colour on eah foot, and the nails appeared long and somewhat in 
  form like the tallons of the haulk, the eye black and proportionably 
  large. a bluish brown colour occupyed the head, neck, and back, the belly 
  was white; the tail was reather long in proportion and appeared to be 
  composed of feathers of equal length of which a part of those in the 
  center were white the others black. the wings were long and were also 
  varigated with white and black. on each side of the head from the beak 
  back to the neck a small black stripe extended imbrasing the eye. it 
  appeared to be very busy in catching insects which I presume is it's usual 
  food; I found the nest of this little bird, the female which differed but 
  little in size or plumage from the male was seting on four eggs of a pale 
  blue colour with small black freckles or dots. the bee martin or 
  Kingbird is common to this country tho there are no bees in this country, 
  nor have we met with a honey bee since we passed the entrance of the Osage 
  river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0711-1805-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 10th Monday 1805 a fine day dry all our articles arrange our baggage 
  burry Some Powder & lead in the point, Some Lead a canister of Powder 
  & an ax in a thicket in the point at Some distance, buried on this day 
  and in the large cache or whole we buried on the up land near the S# fork 
  1 mile up S# S# we drew up our large Perogue into the middle of a Small 
  Island in the North fork and covered her with bushes after makeing her 
  fast to the trees, branded several trees to prevent the Indians injureing 
  her, at 3 oClock we had hard wind from the S# W# thunder and rain for 
  about an hour after which we repaired & Corked the Canoes & 
  loadded them ¬ Sah cah gah, we a our Indian woman verry Sick I blead 
  her, we deturmined to assend the South fork, and one of us, Capt# Lewis or 
  My self to go by land as far as the Snow mountains S# 20° W# and examine 
  the river & Countrey Course & to be Certain of our assending the 
  proper river, Capt Lewis inclines to go by land on this expedition, 
  according Selects 4 men George Drewyer, Gibson, Jo# Fields & S# 
  Gutrich to accompany him & deturmine to Set out in the morning ¬ The 
  after noon or night Cloudy Some rain, river riseing a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0712-1805-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 11th 1805 This morning I felt much better, but somewhat 
  weakened by my disorder. at 8 A#M# I swung my pack, and set forward with 
  my little party. proceeded to the point where Rose River a branch Maria's 
  River approaches the Missouri so nearly. from this hight we discovered a 
  herd of Elk on the Missouri just above us to which we desended and soon 
  killed four of them. we butchered them and hung up the meat and skins in 
  view of the river in order that the party might get them. I determined to 
  take dinner here, but before the meal was prepared I was taken with such 
  violent pain in the intestens that I was unable to partake of the feast of 
  marrowbones. my pain still increased and towards evening was attended with 
  a high fever; finding myself unable to march, I determined to prepare a 
  camp of some willow boughs and remain all night. having brought no 
  medecine with me I resolved to try an experiment with some simples; and 
  the Choke cherry which grew abundanly in the bottom first struck my 
  attention; I directed a parsel of the small twigs to be geathered striped 
  of their leaves, cut into pieces of about 2 Inches in length and boiled in 
  water untill a strong black decoction of an astringent bitter tact was 
  produced; at sunset I took a point of this decoction and abut an hour 
  after repeated the dze by 10 in the evening I was entirely releived from 
  pain and in fact every symptom of the disorder forsook me; my fever 
  abated, a gentle perspiration was produced and I had a comfortable and 
  refreshing nights rest. Goodrich who is remarkably fond of fishing caught 
  several douzen fish of two different species ¬ one about 9 inches long 
  of white colour round and in form and fins resembles the white chub common 
  to the Potomac; this fish has a smaller head than the Chubb and the mouth 
  is beset both above and below with a rim of fine sharp teeth; the eye 
  moderately large, the puple dark and the iris which is narrow is of a 
  yellowish brown colour, they bite at meat or grasshoppers. this is a soft 
  fish, not very good, tho the flesh is of a fine white colour. the other 
  species is precisely the form and about the size of the well known fish 
  called the Hickory Shad or old wife, with the exception of the teeth, a 
  rim of which garnish the outer edge of both the upper and lower jaw; the 
  tonge and pallet are also beset with long sharp teeth bending inwards, the 
  eye of this fish is very large, and the iris of a silvery colour and wide. 
  of the 1st species we had caught some few before our arrival at the 
  entrance of Maria's river, but of the last we had seen none untill we 
  reached that place and took them in Missouri above it's junction with that 
  river. the latter kind are much the best, and do not inhabit muddy water; 
  the white cat continue as high as the entrance of Maria's R# but those we 
  have caught above Mandans never excede 6 lbs. I beleive that there are but 
  few in this part of the Missouri. saw an abundance of game today even in 
  our short march of 9 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0713-1805-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 11th Tuesday 1805 a fair morning wind from the S W# hard we burry 1 
  keg in the Cash & 2 Canisters of Powder in 2 seperate places all with 
  Lead; & in the Cash 2 axes, auger, Plains, 1 Keg flour, 2 Kegs Pork, 2 
  Kegs Parchd meal 1 Keg salt, files Chisel, 2 Musquits, Some tin cups, 
  bowel, 3 bear Skins, Beaver Skins, Horns, & parts of the mens robes 
  & clothes. Beaver Traps and blacksmith's tools. Capt# Lewis Set 
  out at 8 oClock we delayed to repare Some guns out of order & complete 
  our deposit, which took us the day the evening fair and fine wind from the 
  N# W# after night it became cold & the wind blew hard, the Indian 
  woman verry Sick, I blead her which appeared to be of great Service to her 
  both rivers riseing fast 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0714-1805-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 12th 1805. This morning I felt myself quite revived, took 
  another portion of my decoction and set out at sunrise. I now boar out 
  from the river in order to avoid the steep ravines of the river which 
  usually make out in the plain to the distance of one or two miles; after 
  gaining the leavel plain my couse was a litte to the West of S# W# ¬ having 
  traveled about 12 miles by 9 in the morning, the sun became warm, and I 
  boar a little to the south in order to gain the river as well to obtain 
  water to allay my thirst as to kill something for breakfast; for the plain 
  through which we had been passing possesses no water and is so level that 
  we cannot approach the buffaloe within shot before they discover us and 
  take to flight. we arrived at the river about 10 A#M# having traveled 
  about 15 m# at this place there is a handsom open bottom with some 
  cottonwood timber, here we met with two large bear, and killed them boath 
  at the first fire, a circumstance which I beleive has never happend with 
  the party in killing the brown bear before. we dressed the bear, 
  breakfasted on a part of one of them and hung the meat and skins on the 
  trees out of the reach of the wolves. I left a note on a stick near the 
  river for Capt# Clark, informing him of my progress &c# ¬ after 
  refreshing ourselves abut 2 hours we again ascended the bluffs and gained 
  the high plain; saw a great number of burrowing squirrels in the plains 
  today. also wolves Antelopes mule deer and immence herds of buffaloe. we 
  passed a ridge of land considerably higher than the adjacent plain on 
  either side, from this hight we had a most beatifull and picturesk view of 
  the Rocky mountains which wer perfectly covered with Snow and reaching 
  from S# E# to the N# of N# W# ¬ they appear to be formed of several 
  ranges each succeeding range rising higher than the preceding one untill 
  the most distant appear to loose their snowey tops in the clouds; this was 
  an august spectacle and still rendered more formidable by the recollection 
  that we had them to pass. we traveled about twelve miles when we agin 
  struck the Missoury at a handsome little bottom of Cottonwood timber and 
  altho the sun had not yet set I felt myself somewhat weary being weakened 
  I presume by late disorder; and therfore determined to remain here during 
  the ballance of the day and night, having marched about 27 miles today. on 
  our way in the evening we had killed a buffaloe, an Antelope and three 
  mule deer, and taken a sufficient quantity of the best of the flesh of 
  these anamals for three meals, which we had brought with us. This evening 
  I ate very heartily and after pening the transactions of the day amused 
  myself catching those white fish mentioned yesterday; they are here in 
  great abundance I caught upwards of a douzen in a few minutes; they bit 
  most freely at the melt of a deer which goodrich had brought with him for 
  the purpose of fishing. 
  = 
  The narrow leafed cottonwood grows here in common with the other species 
  of the same tree with a broad leaf or that which has constituted the major 
  part of the timber of the Missouri from it's junction with the Mississippi 
  to this place. The narrow leafed cottonwood differs only from the other in 
  the shape of it's leaf and greater thickness of it's bark. the leaf is a 
  long oval acutely pointed, about 21/2 or 3 Inches long and from 3/4 to an 
  inch in width; it is thick, sometimes slightly grooved or channeled; 
  margin slightly serrate; the upper disk of a common green while the under 
  disk is of a whiteish green; the leaf is smoth. the beaver appear to be 
  extremely fond of this tree and even seem to scelect it from among the 
  other species of Cottonwood, probably from it's affording a deeper and 
  softer bark than the other species. saw some sign of the Otter as 
  well as beaver near our camp, also a great number of tracks of the brown 
  bear; these fellows leave a formidable impression in the mud or sand I 
  measured one this evening which was eleven inches long exclusive of the 
  tallons and seven and 1/4 in width. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0715-1805-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 12th 1805 Wednesday last night was Clear and Cold, this morning fair 
  we Set out at 8 oClock & proceeded on verry well wind from the S# W# 
  The interpreters wife verry Sick So much So that I move her into the back 
  part of our Covered part of the Perogue which is Cool, her own situation 
  being a verry hot one in the bottom of the Perogue exposed to the Sun ¬ Saw 
  emence No# of Swallows in the 1st bluff on the Lard# Side, water verry 
  Swift, the bluff are blackish Clay & Coal for about 80 feet. the earth 
  above that for 30 or 40 feet is a brownish yellow, a number of bars of 
  corse gravil and Stones of different Shape & Size &c# Saw a number 
  of rattle Snakes to day one of the men cought one by the head in Catch'g 
  hold of a bush on which his head lay reclined three canoes were in great 
  danger today one diped water, another was near turning over &c# at 2 
  oClock P M a fiew drops of rain I walked thro a point and killed a Buck 
  Elk & Deer, and we camped on the Stard Side, the Interpreters woman 
  verry Sick worse than She has been. I give her medison one man have a 
  fellon riseing on his hand one other with the Tooth ake has taken cold in 
  the jaw &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0716-1805-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 13th 1805. This morning we set out about sunrise after 
  taking breakfast off our venison and fish. we again ascended the hills of 
  the river and gained the level country. the country through which we 
  passed for the first six miles tho more roling than that we had passed 
  yesterday might still with propryety he deemed a level country; our course 
  as yesterday was generally S W# the river from the place we left it 
  appeared to make a considerable bend to the South. from the extremity of 
  this roling country I overlooked a most beatifull and level plain of great 
  extent or at least 50 or sixty miles; in this there were infinitely more 
  buffaloe than I had ever before witnessed at a view. nearly in the 
  direction I had been travling or S# W# two curious mountains presented 
  themselves of square figures, the sides rising perpendicularly to the 
  hight of 250 feet and appeared to be formed of yellow clay; their tops 
  appeared to be level plains; these inaccessible hights appeared like the 
  ramparts of immence fortifications; I have no doubt but with very little 
  assistance from art they might be rendered impregnable. fearing that the 
  river boar to the South and that I might pass the falls if they existed 
  between this an the snowey mountains I altered my course nealy to the 
  South leaving those insulated hills to my wright and proceeded through the 
  plain; I sent Feels on my right and Drewyer and Gibson on my left with 
  orders to kill some meat and join me at the river where I should halt for 
  dinner. I had proceded on this course about two miles with Goodrich at 
  some distance behind me whin my ears were saluted with the agreeable sound 
  of a fall of water and advancing a little further I saw the spray arrise 
  above the plain like a collumn of smoke which would frequently dispear 
  again in an instant caused I presume by the wind which blew pretty hard 
  from the S# W# I did not however loose my direction to this point which 
  soon began to make a roaring too tremendious to be mistaken for any cause 
  short of the great falls of the Missouri. here I arrived about 12 OClock 
  having traveled by estimate about 15 Miles. I hurryed down the hill which 
  was about 200 feet high and difficult of access, to gaze on this sublimely 
  grand specticle. I took my position on the top of some rocks about 20 feet 
  high opposite the center of the falls. this chain of rocks appear once to 
  have formed a part of those over which the waters tumbled, but in the 
  course of time has been seperated from it to the distance of 150 yards 
  lying prarrallel to it and forming a butment against which the water after 
  falling over the precipice beats with great fury; this barrier extends on 
  the right to the perpendicular clift which forms that board of the river 
  but to the distance of 120 yards next to the clift it is but a few feet 
  above the level of the water, and here the water in very high tides 
  appears to pass in a channel of 40 yds# next to the higher part of the 
  ledg of rocks; on the left it extends within 80 or ninty yards of the 
  lard. Clift which is also perpendicular; between this abrupt extremity of 
  the ledge of rocks and the perpendicular bluff the whole body of water 
  passes with incredible swiftness. immediately at the cascade the river is 
  about 300 yds# wide; about ninty or a hundred yards of this next the Lard# 
  bluff is a smoth even sheet of water falling over a precipice of at least 
  eighty feet, the remaining part of about 200 yards on my right formes the 
  grandest sight I ever beheld, the hight of the fall is the same of the 
  other but the irregular and somewhat projecting rocks below receives the 
  water in it's passage down and brakes it into a perfect white foam which 
  assumes a thousand forms in a moment sometimes flying up in jets of 
  sparkling foam to the hight of fifteen or twenty feet and are scarcely 
  formed before large roling bodies of the same beaten and foaming water is 
  thrown over and conceals them. in short the rocks seem to be most happily 
  fixed to present a sheet of the whitest beaten froath for 200 yards in 
  length and about 80 feet perpendicular. the water after decending strikes 
  against the butment before mentioned or that on which I stand and seems to 
  reverberate and being met by the more impetuous courant they role and 
  swell into half formed billows of great hight which rise and again 
  disappear in an instant. this butment of rock defends a handsom little 
  bottom of about three acres which is deversified and agreeably shaded with 
  some cottonwood trees; in the lower extremity of the bottom there is a 
  very thick grove of the same kind of trees which are small, in this wood 
  there are several Indian lodges formed of sticks. a few small cedar grow 
  near the ledge of rocks where I rest. below the point of these rocks at a 
  small distance the river is divided by a large rock which rises several 
  feet above the water, and extends downwards with the stream for about 20 
  yards. about a mile before the water arrives at the pitch it decends very 
  rappidly, and is confined on the Lard# side by a perpendicular clift of 
  about 100 feet, on Stard# side it is also perpendicular for about three 
  hundred yards above the pitch where it is then broken by the discharge of 
  a small ravine, down which the buffaloe have a large beaten road to the 
  water, for it is but in very few places that these anamals can obtain 
  water near this place owing to the steep and inaccessible banks. I see 
  several skelletons of the buffaloe lying in the edge of the water near the 
  Stard# bluff which I presume have been swept down by the current and 
  precipitated over this tremendious fall. about 300 yards below me there is 
  another butment of solid rock with a perpendicular face and abot 60 feet 
  high which projects from the Stard# side at right angles to the distance 
  of 134 yds# and terminates the lower part nearly of the bottom before 
  mentioned; there being a passage arround the end of this butment between 
  it and the river of about 20 yardes; here the river again assumes it's 
  usual width soon spreading to near 300 yards but still continues it's 
  rappidity. from the reflection of the sun on the spray or mist which 
  arrises from these falls there is a beatifull rainbow produced which adds 
  not a little to the beauty of this majestically grand senery. after 
  wrighting this imperfect discription I again viewed the falls and was so 
  much disgusted with the imperfect idea which it conveyed of the scene that 
  I determined to draw my pen across it and begin agin, but then reflected 
  that I could not perhaps succeed better than pening the first impressions 
  of the mind; I wished for the pencil of Salvator Rosa or the pen of 
  Thompson, that I might be enabled to give to the enlightened world some 
  just idea of this truly magnifficent and sublimely grand object, which has 
  from the commencement of time been concealed from the view of civilized 
  man; but this was fruitless and vain. I most sincerely regreted that I had 
  not brought a crimee obscura with me by the assistance of which even I 
  could have hoped to have done better but alas this was also out of my 
  reach; I therefore with the assistance of my pen only indeavoured to 
  traces some of the stronger features of this seen by the assistance of 
  which and my recollection aided by some able pencil I hope still to give 
  to the world some faint idea of an object which at this moment fills me 
  with such pleasure and astonishment, and which of it's kind I will venture 
  to ascert is second to but one in the known world. I retired to the shade 
  of a tree where I determined to fix my camp for the present and dispatch a 
  man in the morning to inform Capt# C# and the party of my success in 
  finding the falls and settle in their minds all further doubts as to the 
  Missouri. the hunters now arrived loaded with excellent buffaloe meat and 
  informed me that they had killed three very fat cows about 3/4 of a mile 
  hence. I directed them after they had refreshed themselves to go back and 
  butcher them and bring another load of meat each to our camp determining 
  to employ those who remained with me in drying meat for the party against 
  their arrival. in about 2 hours or at 4 OClock P#M# they set out on this 
  duty, and I walked down the river about three miles to discover if 
  possible some place to which the canoes might arrive or at which they 
  might be drawn on shore in order to be taken by land above the falls; but 
  returned without effecting either of these objects; the river was one 
  continued sene of rappids and cascades which I readily perceived could not 
  be encountered with our canoes, and the Clifts still retained their 
  perpendicular structure and were from 150 to 200 feet high; in short the 
  river appears here to have woarn a channel in the process of time through 
  a solid rock. on my return I found the party at camp; they had butchered 
  the buffaloe and brought in some more meat as I had directed. Goodrich had 
  caught half a douzen very fine trout and a number of both species of the 
  white fish. these trout are from sixteen to twenty three inches in length, 
  precisely resemble our mountain or speckled trout in form and the position 
  of their fins, but the specks on these are of a deep black instead of the 
  red or goald colour of those common to the U# States. these are furnished 
  long sharp teeth on the pallet and tongue and have generally a small dash 
  of red on each side behind the front ventral fins; the flesh is of a pale 
  yellowish red, or when in good order, of a rose red. 
  = 
  I am induced to believe that the Brown, the white and the Grizly bear of 
  this country are the same species only differing in colour from age or 
  more probably from the same natural cause that many other anamals of the 
  same family differ in colour. one of those which we killed yesterday was 
  of a creemcoloured white while the other in company with it was of the 
  common bey or rdish brown, which seems to be the most usual colour of 
  them. the white one appeared from it's tallons and teath to be the 
  youngest; it was smaller than the other, and although a monstrous beast we 
  supposed that it had not yet attained it's growth and that it was a little 
  upwards of two years old. the young cubs which we have killed have always 
  been of a brownish white, but none of them as white as that we killed 
  yesterday. one other that we killed sometime since which I mentioned sunk 
  under some driftwood and was lost, had a white stripe or list of about 
  eleven inches wide entirely arround his body just behind the shoalders, 
  and was much darker than these bear usually are. the grizly bear we have 
  never yet seen. I have seen their tallons in possession of the Indians and 
  from their form I am perswaded if there is any difference between this 
  species and the brown or white bear it is very inconsiderable. There is no 
  such anamal as a black bear in this open country or of that species 
  generally denominated the black bear 
  = 
  my fare is really sumptuous this evening; buffaloe's humps, tongues and 
  marrowbones, fine trout parched meal pepper and salt, and a good appetite; 
  the last is not considered the least of the luxuries. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0717-1805-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 13th Thursday 1805 a fair morning, Some dew this morning the Indian 
  woman Verry sick I gave her a doste of Salts. We Set out early, at a mile 
  & 1/2 passed a Small rapid Stream on the Lard Side which heads in a 
  mountain to the S# E 12 or 15 miles, which at this time covered with Snow, 
  we call this stream Snow river, as it is the conveyance of the melted snow 
  from that mountain at present. numbers of gees & goslings, the gees 
  cannot fly at this Season ¬ goose berries are ripe and in great 
  abundance, the yellow Current is also Common, not yet ripe Killed a 
  buffalow & Campd on the Lard Side near an old Indian fortified campy 
  one man Sick & 3 with Swellings, the Indian woman verry Sick. Killed a 
  goat & fraser 2 Buffalow 
  = 
  The river verry rapid maney Sholes great nos of large Stones passed Some 
  bluffs or low cliffts of Slate to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0718-1805-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 14th 1805. This morning at sunrise I dispatched Joseph Fields 
  with a letter to Capt# Clark and ordered him to keep sufficiently near the 
  river to observe it's situation in order that he might be enabled to give 
  Capt# Clark an idea of the point at which it would be best to halt to make 
  our portage. I set one man about preparing a saffold and collecting wood 
  to dry the meat Sent the others to bring in the ballance of the buffaloe 
  meat, or at least the part which the wolves had left us, for those fellows 
  are ever at hand and ready to partake with us the moment we kill a 
  buffaloe; and there is no means of puting the meat out of their reach in 
  those plains; the two men shortly after returned with the meat and 
  informed me that the wolves had devoured the greater part of the meat. 
  about ten OClock this morning while the men were engaged with the meat I 
  took my Gun and espontoon and thought I would walk a few miles and see 
  where the rappids termineated above, and return to dinner. accordingly I 
  set out and proceeded up the river about S# W# after passing one continued 
  rappid and three small cascades of abut for or five feet each at the 
  distance of about five miles I arrived at a fall of about 19 feet; the 
  river is hereabout 400 yds# wide. this pitch which I called the crooked 
  falls occupys about three fourths of the width of the river, commencing on 
  the South side, extends obliquly upwards about 150 yds# then forming an 
  accute angle extends downwards nearly to the commencement of four small 
  Islands lying near the N# shore; among these Islands and between them and 
  the lower extremity of the perpendicular pitch being a distance of 100 
  yards or upwards, the water glides down the side of a sloping rock with a 
  volocity almost equal to that of it's perpendicular decent. just above 
  this rappid the river makes a suddon bend to the right or Northwardly. I 
  should have returned from hence but hearing a tremendious roaring above me 
  I continued my rout across the point of a hill a few hundred yards further 
  and was again presented by one of the most beatifull objects in nature, a 
  cascade of about fifty feet perpendicular streching at rightangles across 
  the river from side to side to the distance of at least a quarter of a 
  mile. here the river pitches over a shelving rock, with an edge as regular 
  and as streight as if formed by art, without a nich or brake in it; the 
  water decends in one even and uninterupted sheet to the bottom wher 
  dashing against the rocky bottom rises into foaming billows of great hight 
  and rappidly glides away, hising flashing and sparkling as it departs the 
  sprey rises from one extremity to the other to 50 f. I now thought that if 
  a skillfull painter had been asked to make a beautifull cascade that he 
  would most probably have pesented the precise immage of this one; nor 
  could I for some time determine on which of those two great cataracts to 
  bestoe the palm, on this or that which I had discovered yesterday; at 
  length I determined between these two great rivals for glory that this was 
  pleasingly beautifull, while the other was sublimely grand. I had scarcely 
  infixed my eyes from this pleasing object before I discovered another fall 
  above at the distance of half a mile; thus invited I did not once think of 
  returning but hurried thither to amuse myself with this newly discovered 
  object. I found this to be a cascade of about 14 feet possessing a 
  perpendicular pitch of about 6 feet. this was tolerably regular streching 
  across the river from bank to bank where it was about a quarter of a mile 
  wide; in any other neighbourhood but this, such a cascade would probably 
  be extoled for it's beaty and magnifficence, but here I passed it by with 
  but little attention, determining as I had proceded so far to continue my 
  rout to the head of the rappids if it should even detain me all night. at 
  every rappid cateract and cascade I discovered that the bluffs grew lower 
  or that the bed of the river rose nearer to a level with the plains. still 
  pursuing the river with it's course about S# W# passing a continued sene 
  of rappids and small cascades, at the distance of 21/2 miles I arrived at 
  another cataract of 26 feet. this is not immediately perpendicular, a rock 
  about 1/3 of it's decent seems to protrude to a small distance and 
  receives the water in it's passage downwards and gives a curve to the 
  water tho it falls mostly with a regular and smoth sheet. the river is 
  near six hundred yards wide at this place, a beatifull level plain on the 
  S# side only a few feet above the level of the pitch; on the N# side where 
  I am the country is More broken and immediately behind me near the river a 
  high hill. below this fall at a little distance a beatifull little Island 
  well timbered is situated about the middle of the river. in this Island on 
  a Cottonwood tree an Eagle has placed her nest; a more inaccessable spot I 
  beleive she could not have found; for neither man nor beast dare pass 
  those gulphs which seperate her little domain from the shores. the water 
  is also broken in such manner as it decends over this pitch that the mist 
  or sprey rises to a considerable hight. this fall is certainly much the 
  greatest I ever behald except those two which I have mentioned below. it 
  is incomparably a geater cataract and a more noble interesting object than 
  the celibrated falls of Potomac or Soolkiln &c# just above this is 
  another cascade of about 5 feet, above which the water as far as I could 
  see began to abate of it's valosity, and I therefore determined to ascend 
  the hill behind me which promised a fine prospect of the adjacent country, 
  nor was I disappointed on my arrival at it's summit. from hence I 
  overlooked a most beatifull and extensive plain reaching from the river to 
  the base of the Snowclad mountains to the S# and S# West; I also observed 
  the missoury streching it's meandering course to the South through this 
  plain to a great distance filled to it's even and grassey brim; another 
  large river flowed in on it's Western side about four miles above me and 
  extended itself though a level and fertile valley of 3 miles in width a 
  great distance to the N# W# rendered more conspicuous by the timber which 
  garnished it's borders. in these plains and more particularly in the 
  valley just below me immence herds of buffaloe are feeding. the missouri 
  just above this hill makes a bend to the South where it lies a smoth even 
  and unruffled sheet of water of nearly a mile in width bearing on it's 
  watry bosome vast flocks of geese which feed at pleasure in the 
  delightfull pasture on either border. the young geese are now completely 
  feathered except the wings which both in the young and old are yet 
  deficient. after feasting my eyes on this ravishing prospect and resting 
  myself a few minutes I determined to procede as far as the river which I 
  saw discharge itself on the West side of the Missouri convinced that it 
  was the river which the Indians call medicine river and which they 
  informed us fell into the Missouri just above the falls I decended the 
  hills and directed my course to the bend of the Missouri near which there 
  was a herd of at least a thousand buffaloe; here I thought it would be 
  well to kill a buffaloe and leave him untill my return from the river and 
  if I then found that I had not time to get back to camp this evening to 
  remain all night here there being a few sticks of drift wood lying along 
  shore which would answer for my fire, and a few sattering cottonwood trees 
  a few hundred yards below which would afford me at least a semblance of a 
  shelter. under this impression I scelected a fat buffaloe and shot him 
  very well, through the lungs; while I was gazeing attentively on the poor 
  anamal discharging blood in streams from his mouth and nostrils, expecting 
  him to fall every instant, and having entirely forgotton to reload my 
  rifle, a large white, or reather brown bear, had perceived and crept on me 
  within 20 steps before I discovered him; in the first moment I drew up my 
  gun to shoot, but at the same instant recolected that she was not loaded 
  and that he was too near for me to hope to perform this opperation before 
  he reached me, as he was then briskly advancing on me; it was an open 
  level plain, not a bush within miles nor a tree within less than three 
  hundred yards of me; the river bank was sloping and not more than three 
  feet above the level of the water; in short there was no place by means of 
  which I could conceal myself from this monster untill I could charge my 
  rifle; in this situation I thought of retreating in a brisk walk as fast 
  as he was advancing untill I could reach a tree about 300 yards below me, 
  but I had no sooner terned myself about but he pitched at me, open mouthed 
  and full speed, I ran about 80 yards and found he gained on me fast, I 
  then run into the water the idea struk me to get into the water to such 
  debth that I could stand and he would be obliged to swim, and that I could 
  in that situation defend myself with my espontoon; accordingly I ran 
  haistily into the water about waist deep, and faced about and presented 
  the point of my espontoon, at this instant he arrived at the edge of the 
  water within about 20 feet of me; the moment I put myself in this attitude 
  of defence he sudonly wheeled about as if frightened, declined the combat 
  on such unequal grounds, and retreated with quite as great precipitation 
  as he had just before pursued me. as soon as I saw him run off in that 
  manner I returned to the shore and charged my gun, which I had still 
  retained in my hand throughout this curious adventure. I saw him run 
  through the level open plain about three miles, till he disappeared in the 
  woods on medecine river; during the whole of this distance he ran at full 
  speed, sometimes appearing to look behind him as if he expected pursuit. I 
  now began to reflect on this novil occurrence and indeavoured to account 
  for this sudden retreat of the bear. I at first thought that perhaps he 
  had not smelt me before he arrived at the waters edge so near me, but I 
  then reflected that he had pursued me for about 80 or 90 yards before I 
  took the water and on examination saw the grownd toarn with his tallons 
  immediately on the impression of my steps; and the cause of his allarm 
  still remains with me misterious and unaccountable. so it was and I 
  feelt myself not a little gratifyed that he had declined the combat. My 
  gun reloaded I felt confidence once more in my strength; and determined 
  not to be thwarted in my design of visiting medicine river, but determined 
  never again to suffer my peice to be longer empty than the time she 
  necessarily required to charge her. I passed through the plain nearly in 
  the direction which the bear had run to medecine river, found it a 
  handsome stream, about 200 yds# wide with a gentle current, apparently 
  deep, it's waters clear, and banks which were formed principally of 
  darkbrown and blue clay were about the hight of those of the Missouri or 
  from 3 to 5 feet; yet they had not the appearance of ever being overflown, 
  a circumstance, which I did not expect so immediately in the neighbourhood 
  of the mountains, from whence I should have supposed, that sudden and 
  immence torrants would issue at certain seasons of the year; but the 
  reverse is absolutely the case. I am therefore compelled to beleive that 
  the snowey mountains yeald their warters slowly, being partially effected 
  every day by the influence of the sun only, and never suddonly melted down 
  by haisty showers of rain. 
  = 
  having examined Medecine river I now determined to return, having by my 
  estimate about 12 miles to walk. I looked at my watch and found it was 
  half after six P#M# ¬ in returning through the level bottom of 
  Medecine river and about 200 yards distant from the Missouri, my direction 
  led me directly to an anamal that I at first supposed was a wolf; but on 
  nearer approach or about sixty paces distant I discovered that it was not, 
  it's colour was a brownish yellow; it was standing near it's burrow, and 
  when I approached it thus nearly, it couched itself down like a cat 
  looking immediately at me as if it designed to spring on me. I took aim at 
  it and fired, it instantly disappeared in it's burrow; I loaded my gun and 
  exmined the place which was dusty and saw the track from which I am still 
  further convinced that it was of the tiger kind. whether I struck it or 
  not I could not determine, but I am almost confident that I did; my gun is 
  true and I had a steady rest by means of my espontoon, which I have found 
  very serviceable to me in this way in the open plains. It now seemed to me 
  that all the beasts of the neighbourhood had made a league to distroy me, 
  or that some fortune was disposed to amuse herself at my expence, for I 
  had not proceded more than three hundred yards from the burrow of this 
  tyger cat, before three bull buffaloe, which wer feeding with a large herd 
  about half a mile from me on my left, seperated from the herd and ran full 
  speed towards me, I thought at least to give them some amusement and 
  altered my direction to meet them; when they arrived within a hundred 
  yards they mad a halt, took a good view of me and retreated with 
  precipitation. I then continued my rout homewards passed the buffaloe 
  which I had killed, but did not think it prudent to remain all night at 
  this place which really from the succession of curious adventures wore the 
  impression on my mind of inchantment; at sometimes for a moment I thought 
  it might be a dream, but the prickley pears which pierced my feet very 
  severely once in a while, particularly after it grew dark, convinced me 
  that I was really awake, and that it was necessary to make the best of my 
  way to camp. it was sometime after dark before I returned to the party; I 
  found them extremely uneasy for my safety; they had formed a thousand 
  conjectures, all of which equally forboding my death, which they had so 
  far settled among them, that they had already agreed on the rout which 
  each should take in the morning to surch for me. I felt myself much 
  fortiegued, but eat a hearty supper and took a good night's rest. the 
  weather being warm I had left my leather over shirt and had woarn only a 
  yellow flannin one. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0719-1805-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 14th Friday 1805 a fine morning, the Indian woman complaining all 
  night & excessively bad this morning ¬ her case is Somewhat 
  dangerous ¬ two men with the Tooth ake 2 with Turners, & one man 
  with a Tumor & Slight fever passed the Camp Capt# Lewis made the 1st 
  night at which place he had left part of two bear their skins &c three 
  men with Turners went on shore and Staycd out all night one of them killed 
  2 buffalow, a part of which we made use of for brackfast, the Current 
  excesevely rapid more So as we assend we find great difficuelty in getting 
  the Perogue & Canoes up in Safety, Canoes take in water frequently, at 
  4 oClock this evening Jo# Fields returned from Capt# Lewis with a letter 
  for me, Capt Lewis dates his letter from the Great falls of the Missouri, 
  which Fields informs me is about 20 miles in advance & about 10 miles 
  above the place I left the river the time I was up last week Capt# L# 
  informs that those falls; in part answer the discription given of them by 
  the Indians, much higher the Eagles nest which they describe is there, 
  from those Signs he is Convinced of this being the river the Indians call 
  the Missouri, he intends examineing the river above untill my arrival at a 
  point from which we can make a portage, which he is apprehensive will be 
  at least 5 miles & both above & below there is Several Small 
  pitches, & Swift troubled water we made only 10 miles to day and 
  Camped on the Lard Side, much hard Slate in the Clifts & but a Small 
  quantity of timber. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0720-1805-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 15th 1805. This morning the men again were sent to bring in 
  some more meat which Drewyer had killed yesterday, and continued the 
  opperation of drying it. I amused myself in fishing, and sleeping away the 
  fortiegues of yesterday. I caught a number of very fine trout which I made 
  Goodrich dry; goodrich also caught about two douzen and several small cat 
  of a yellow colour which would weigh about 4 lbs. the tails was seperated 
  with a deep angular nitch like that of the white cat of the missouri from 
  which indeed they differed only in colour. when I awoke from my sleep 
  today I found a large rattlesnake coiled on the leaning trunk of a tree 
  under the shade of which I had been lying at the distance of about ten 
  feet from him. I killed the snake and found that he had 176 scuta on the 
  abdomen and i'7 half formed scuta on the tale; it was of the same kinde 
  which I had frequently seen before; they do not differ in their colours 
  from the rattle snake common to the middle attlantic states, but 
  considerably in the form and figures of those colours. This evening after 
  dark Joseph Fields returned and informed me that Capt Clark had arrived 
  with the party at the foot of a rappid about 5 miles below which he did 
  not think proper to ascend and would wait my arrival there. I had 
  discovered from my journey yesterday that a portage on this side of the 
  river will be attended by much difficulty in consequence of several deep 
  ravines which intersect the plains nearly at right angles with the river 
  to a considerable distance, while the South side appears to be a 
  delighfull smoth unbroken plain; the bearings of the river also make it 
  pobable that the portage will be shorter on that side than on this. I 
  directed Fields to return early in the morning to Capt# C# and request him 
  to send up a party of men for the dryed meat which we had made. I finde a 
  very heavy due on the grass about my camp every morning which no doubt 
  procedes from the mist of the falls, as it takes place no where in the 
  plains nor on the river except here. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0721-1805-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June the 15th Satturday 1805 a fair morning and worm, we Set out at the 
  usial time and proceeded on with great dificuelty as the river is more 
  rapid we can hear the falls this morning verry distinctly ¬ our Indian 
  woman Sick &low Spirited I gave her the bark & apply it exteranaly 
  to her region which revived her much. the curt. excessively rapid and 
  dificuelt to assend great numbers of dangerous places, and the fatigue 
  which we have to encounter is incretiatable the men in the water from 
  morning untill night hauling the Cord & boats walking on Sharp rocks 
  and round Sliperery Stones which alternately cut their feet & throw 
  them down, not with Standing all this dificuelty they go with great 
  chearfulness, aded to those dificuelties the rattle Snakes inumerable 
  & require great caution to prevent being bitten. we passed a 
  Small river on the Lard Side about 30 yards wide verry rapid which heads 
  in the mountains to the S# E# I Sent up this river 5 miles, it has Some 
  timber in its bottoms and a fall of 15 feet at one place, above this river 
  the bluffs are of red earth mixed with Stratums of black Stone, below this 
  little river, we pass a white clay which mixes with water like flour in 
  every respect, the Indian woman much wors this evening, She will not take 
  any medison, her husband petetions to return &c#, river more rapid 
  late in the evening we arrived at a rapid which appeared So bad that I did 
  not think it prudent to attempt passing of it this evening as it was now 
  late, we Saw great numbers of Gees Ducks, Crows Blackbirds &c Geese 
  & Ducks with their young. after Landing I detached Joseph Fields to 
  Capt# Lewis to let him know where I was &c river rises a little this 
  evening we could not get a Sufficency of wood for our use 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0722-1805-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 16th 1805 J# Fields set out early on his return to the lower 
  camp, at noon the men arrived and shortly after I set out with them to 
  rejoin the party. we took with us the dryed meat consisting of about 600 
  lbs. and several douzen of dryed trout. about 2 P#M# I reached the camp 
  found the Indian woman extreemly ill and much reduced by her 
  indisposition. this gave me some concern as well for the poor object 
  herself, then with a young child in her arms, as from the consideration of 
  her being our only dependence for a friendly negociation with the Snake 
  Indians on whom we depend for horses to assist us in our portage from the 
  Missouri to the columbia River. I now informed Capt# C# of my discoveries 
  with rispect to the most proper side for our portage, and of it's great 
  length, which I could not estimate at less than 16 miles. Capt# C# had 
  already sent two men this morning to examine the country on the S# side of 
  the river; he now passed over with the party to that side and fixed a camp 
  about a mile blow the entrance of a Creek where there was a sufficient 
  quantity of wood for fuel, an article which can be obtained but in few 
  places in this neighbourhood. after discharging the loads four of the 
  canoes were sent back to me, which by means of strong ropes we hawled 
  above the rappid and passed over to the south side from whence the water 
  not being rappid we can readily convey them into the creek by means of 
  which we hope to get them on the high plain with more ease. one of the 
  small canoes was left below this rappid in order to pass and repass the 
  river for the purpose of hunting as well as to procure the water of the 
  Sulpher spring, the virtues of which I now resolved to try on the Indian 
  woman. this spring is situated about 200 yards from the Missouri on the N# 
  E# side nearly opposite to the entrance of a large creek; it discharges 
  itself into the Missouri over a precepice of rock about 25 feet, forming a 
  pretty little  ¿¿  the water is as transparent as possible strongly 
  impregnated with sulpher, and I suspect Iron also, as the colour of the 
  hills and bluffs in the neighbourhood indicate the existence of that 
  metal. the water to all appearance is precisely similar to that of 
  Bowyer's Sulpher spring in Virginia. Capt# Clark determined to set out in 
  the morning to examine and survey the portage, and discover the best rout. 
  as the distance was too great to think of transporting the canoes and 
  baggage on the men's shoulders, we scelected six men, and ordered them to 
  look out some timber this evening, and early in the morning to set about 
  making a parsel of truck wheels in order to convey our canoes and baggage 
  over the portage. we determined to leave the white perogue at this place, 
  and substitute the Iron boat, and also to make a further deposit of a part 
  of our stores. in the evening the men who had been sent out to examine the 
  country and made a very unfavourable report. they informed us that the 
  creek just above us and two deep ravenes still higher up cut the plain 
  between the river and mountain in such a manner, that in their opinions a 
  portage for the canoes on this side was impracticable. good or bad we must 
  make the portage. notwithstanding this report I am still convinced from 
  the view I had of the country the day before yesterday that a good portage 
  may be had on this side at least much better than on the other, and much 
  nearer also. I found that two dozes of barks and opium which I had given 
  her since my arrival had produced an alteration in her pulse for the 
  better; they were now much fuller and more regular. I caused her to drink 
  the mineral water altogether. wen I first came down I found that her pulse 
  were scarcely perceptible, very quick frequently irregular and attended 
  with strong nervous symptoms, that of the twitching of the fingers and 
  leaders of the arm; now the pulse had become regular much fuller and a 
  gentle perspiration had taken place; the nervous symptoms have also in a 
  great measure abated, and she feels herself much freeer from pain. she 
  complains principally of the lower region of the abdomen, I therefore 
  continued the cataplasms of barks and laudnumn which had been previously 
  used by my friend Capt Clark. I beleive her disorder originated 
  principally from an obstruction of the mensis in consequence of taking 
  could. I determined to remain at this camp in order to make some 
  celestial observations, restore the sick woman, and have all matters in a 
  state of readiness to commence the portage immediately on the return of 
  Capt# Clark, who now furnished me with the dayly occurrences which had 
  taken place with himself and party since our seperation which I here enter 
  in his own words. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0723-1805-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 16th of Sunday 1805 Some rain last night a cloudy morning wind hard 
  from the S# W# we Set out passed the rapid by double manning the Perogue 
  & Canoes and halted at 1/4 of a mile to examine the rapids above, 
  which I found to be an Continued Cascade for as far as could be Seen which 
  was about 2 miles, I walked up on the Lard Side as high as a large Creek, 
  which falls in on the Lard# Side one mile above & opposit a large 
  Sulpher Spring which falls over the rocks on the Std# Side the wind rored 
  from the S# W# hard & Some rain, at about 2 oClock Capt Lewis joined 
  me from the falls 5 miles distant, & infd. that the Lard Side was the 
  best portage I despatched 2 men this morning on the Lard# Side to examine 
  the portage. the Indian woman verry bad, & will take no medisin 
  what ever, untill her husband finding her out of her Senses, easyly 
  provailed on her to take medison, if She dies it will be the fault of her 
  husband as I am now convinced. we crossed the river after part of the day 
  and formed a Camp from which we intended to make the first portage, Capt# 
  Lewis stayed on the Std Side to direct the Canoes over the first riffle 4 
  of them passed this evening the others unloaded & part of the Perogue 
  Loading taken out ¬ I deturmined to examine & Survey the Portage 
  find a leavel rout if possible ¬ The 2 men despatched to examine the 
  Portage gave an unfavourable account of the Countrey, reporting that the 
  Creek & 2 deep reveens cut the Prarie in such a manner between the 
  river and mountain as to render a portage in their oppinion for the Canoes 
  impossible ¬ we Selected 6 men to make wheels & to draw the Canoes 
  on as the distance was probably too far for to be caried on the mens 
  Sholders 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0724-1805-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 17th 1805. Capt# Clark set out early this morning with five 
  men to examine the country and survey the river and portage as had been 
  concerted last evening. I set six men at work to pepare four sets of truck 
  wheels with couplings, toungs and bodies, that they might either be used 
  without the bodies for transporting our canoes, or with them in 
  transporting our baggage I found that the Elk skins I had prepared for my 
  boat were insufficient to compleat her, some of them having become 
  dammaged by the weather and being frequently wet; to make up this 
  deficiency I sent out two hunters this morning to hunt Elk; the ballance 
  of the party I employed first in unloading the white perogue, which we 
  intend leaving at this place, and bring the whole of our baggage together 
  and arranging it in proper order near our camp. this duty being compleated 
  I employed them in taking five of the small canoes up the creek which we 
  now call portage creek about 13/4 miles; here I had them taken out and 
  lyed in the sun to dry. from this place ther is a gradual ascent to the 
  top of the high plain to which we can now take them with ease; the bluffs 
  of this creek below and those of the river above it's entrance are so 
  steep that it would be almost impracticable to have gotten them on the 
  plain. we found much difficulty in geting the canoes up this creek to the 
  distance we were compelled to take them, in consequence of the rappids and 
  rocks which obstruct the channel of the creek. one of the canoes overset 
  and was very near injuring 2 men essencially. just above the canoes the 
  creek has a perpendicular fall of 5 feet and the cliffts again become very 
  steep and high. we were fortunate enough to find one cottonwood tree just 
  below the entrance of portage creek that was large enough to make our 
  carrage wheels about 22 Inches in diameter; fortunate I say because I do 
  not beleive that we could find another of the same size perfectly sound 
  within 20 miles of us. the cottonwood which we are obliged to employ in 
  the other parts of the work is extreemly illy calculated for it being soft 
  and brittle. we have made two axeltrees of the mast of the white peroge, 
  which I hope will answer tolerably well tho it is reather small. The 
  Indian woman much better today, I have still continued the same course of 
  medecine; she is free from pain clear of fever, her pulse regular, and 
  eats as heartily as I am willing to permit her of broiled buffaloe well 
  seasoned with pepper and salt and rich soope of the same meat; I think 
  therefore that there is every rational hope of her recovery. saw a vast 
  number of buffaloe feeding in every direction arround us in the plains, 
  others coming down in large herds to water at the river; the fragments of 
  many carcases of these poor anamals daily pass down the river, thus 
  mangled I pesume in decending those immence cataracts above us. as the 
  buffaloe generally go in large herds to water and the passages to the 
  river about the falls are narrow and steep the hinder part of the herd 
  press those in front out of their debth and the water instatly takes them 
  over the cataracts where they are instantly crushed to death without the 
  possibility of escaping. in this manner I have seen ten or a douzen 
  disappear in a few minutes. their mangled carcases ly along the shores 
  below the falls in considerable quantities and afford fine amusement for 
  the bear wolves and birds of prey; this may be one reason and I think not 
  a bad one either that the bear are so tenatious of their right of soil in 
  this neighbourhood. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0725-1805-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 17th Monday 1805 a fine morning wind as usial Capt# Lewis with the 
  party unloaded the Perogue & he determined to keep the party employed 
  in getting the loading to the Creek about 1 mile over a low hill in my 
  absence on the Portage. 
  = 
  I Set out with 5 men at 8 oClock, and proceeded on up the Creek Some 
  distance to examine that & if possable assend that Suffcently high, 
  that a Streight Cours to the mouth of Medison river would head the 2 
  reveins, the Creek I found Confined rapid and Shallow generalley 
  = 
  Monday 17th of June passed through an open roleing Prarie, So as to head 
  the two reveins after heading two we Stand our Course So as to Strike the 
  river below the great pitch on our Course to the river Crossed a Deep 
  rivein near its mouth with Steep Clifts this rivein had running water 
  which was very fine, the river at this place is narrow & Confined in 
  perpindicular clifts of 170 feet from the tops of those Clifts the 
  Countrey rises with a Steep assent for about 250 feet more we proceeded up 
  the river passing a Sucession of rapids & Cascades to the Falls, which 
  we had herd for Several miles makeing a dedly Sound, I beheld those 
  Cateracts with astonishment the whole of the water of this great river 
  Confined in a Channel of 280 yards and pitching over a rock of 97 feet 3/4 
  of an, from the foot of the falls arrises a Continued mist which is 
  extended for 150 yds# down & to near the top of the Clifts on L Sd# 
  the river below is Confined a narrow Chanl# Of 93 yards haveing a Small 
  bottom of timber on the Stard Side which is definded by a rock, rangeing 
  Cross wise the river a little below the Shoot, a Short distance below this 
  Cataract a large rock divides the Stream, I in assendending the Clifts to 
  take the hith of the fall was near Slipping into the water, at which place 
  I must have been Sucked under in an instant, and with deficuelty and great 
  risque I assended again, and decended the Clift lower down (but few places 
  Can be descended to the river) and took the hight with as much accuricy as 
  possible with a Spirit Leavels &c# dined at a fine Spring 200 yards 
  below the pitch near which place 4 Cotton willow trees grew. on one of 
  them I marked my name the date, and hight of the falls, ¬ we then 
  proceeded up on the river passing a Continued Cascade & rapid to a 
  fall of 19 feet at 4 Small Islands, this fall is diaguanally across the 
  river from the Lard Side, forming an angle of 3/4 of the width from the 
  Lard# from which Side it pitches for 2/3 of that distance. on the Stard 
  Side is a rapid decline ¬ below this Shoot a Deep revein falls in 
  which we Camped for the night which was Cold (The mountains in every 
  derection has Snow on Them) The plain to our left is leavel we Saw one 
  Bear & inumerable numbers of Buffalow, I Saw 2 herds of those animals 
  watering immediately above a considerable rapid, they decended by a narrow 
  pass to the bottom Small, the rier forced those forwd into the water Some 
  of which was taken down in an instant, and Seen no more others made Shore 
  with difficuelty, I beheld 40 or 50 of those Swimming at the Same time 
  those animals in this way are lost and accounts for the number of buffalow 
  carcases below the rapids 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0726-1805-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 18th 1805. This morning I employed all hands in drawing the 
  perogue on shore in a thick bunch of willow bushes some little distance 
  below our camp; fastened her securely, drove out the plugs of the gage 
  holes of her bottom and covered her with bushes and driftwood to shelter 
  her from the sun. I now scelected a place for a cash and set tree men at 
  work to complete it, and employed all others except those about the 
  waggons, in overhawling airing and repacking our indian goods ammunition, 
  provision and stores of every discription which required inspection. 
  examined the frame of my Iron boat and found all the parts complete except 
  one screw, which the ingenuity of Sheilds can readily replace, a resource 
  which we have very frequent occasion for. about 12 O'Clk. the hunters 
  returned; they had killed 10 deer but no Elk. I begin to fear that we 
  shall have some difficulty in procuring skins for the boat. I wold prefer 
  those of the Elk because I beleive them more durable and strong than those 
  of the Buffaloe, and that they will not shrink so much in drying. we saw a 
  herd of buffaloe come down to water at the sulpher spring this evening, I 
  dispatched some hunters to kill some of them, and a man also for a cask of 
  mineral water. the hunters soon killed two of them in fine order and 
  returned with a good quantity of the flesh, having left the remainder in a 
  situation that it will not spoil provided the wolves do not visit it. The 
  waggons are completed this evening, and appear as if they would answer the 
  purpose very well if the axetrees prove sufficiently strong. the wind blew 
  violently this evening, as they frequently do in this open country where 
  there is not a tree to brake or oppose their force. The Indian woman is 
  recovering fast she set up the greater part of the day and walked out for 
  the fist time since she arrived here; she eats hartily and is free from 
  fever or pain. I continue same course of medecine and regimen except that 
  I added one doze of 15 drops of the oil of vitriol today about noon. 
  = 
  There is a species of goosberry which grows very common about here in open 
  situations among the rocks on the sides of the clifts. they are now ripe 
  of a pale red colour, about the size of a common goosberry. and like it is 
  an ovate pericarp of soft pulp invelloping a number of smal whitish 
  coloured seeds; the pulp is a yelloish slimy muselaginous substance of a 
  sweetish and pinelike tast, not agreeable to me. the surface of the berry 
  is covered with a glutinous adhesive matter, and the frut altho ripe 
  retains it's withered corollar. this shrub seldom rises more than two feet 
  high and is much branched, the leaves resemble those of the common 
  goosberry only not so large; it has no thorns. the berry is supported by 
  seperate peduncles or footstalks of half an inch in length. immence 
  quantities of small grasshoppers of a brown colour in the plains, they no 
  doubt contribute much to keep the grass as low as we find it which is not 
  generally more than three inches, the grass is a narrow leaf, soft, and 
  affords a fine pasture for the Buffaloe. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0727-1805-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 18th Tuesday 1805 we Set out early and arrived at the second great 
  Cataract at about 200 yds above the last of 19 feet pitch ¬ this is 
  one of the grandest views in nature and by far exceeds any thing I ever 
  Saw, the Missouri falling over a Shelveing rock for 47 feet 8 Inches with 
  a Cascade &c of 14 feet 7 Inches above the Shoot for a 1/4 mile I 
  decended the Clift below this Cateract with ease measured the hight of the 
  purpendicular fall of 47 feet 8 Inches at which place the river is 473 
  yards wide as also the hight of the Cascade &c# a continuel mist quite 
  across this fall* after which we proceeded on up the river a little more 
  than a mile to the largest fountain or Spring I ever Saw, and doubt if it 
  is not the largest in America Known, this water boils up from under th 
  rocks near the edge of the river and falls imediately into the river 8 
  feet and keeps its Colour for 1/2 a mile which is emencely Clear and of a 
  bluish Cast, proceeded on up the river passed a Succession of rapids to 
  the next great fall of 26 Ft. 5 I# river 580 yards wide this fall is not 
  intirely perpdincular a Short bench gives a Curve to the water as it falls 
  a butifull Small Island at the foot of this fall near the Center of the 
  Channel Covered with trees, the Missouri at this fall is 36 yards wide, a 
  Considerable mist rises at this fall ocasionally, from this pitch to the 
  head of the rapids is one mile & has a fall of 20 feet, this is also a 
  handsome Scenery a fall in an open leavel plain, after takeing the hight 
  & measureing the river proceeded on, Saw a gange of Buffalow Swiming 
  the river above the falls, Several of which was drawn in to the rapids and 
  with dificuelty mad Shore half drowned, we killed one of those Cows & 
  took as much meat as we wished. emence herds of those animals in every 
  direction, passed 2 groves in the Point just above the rapids & dined 
  in one opposit the mouth of Medison River, which fails in on the Stard# 
  Side and is 137 yards wide at its mouth the Missouri above is 800 yards 
  wide, as the river Missouri appears to bear S Easterley I assended about 4 
  miles high to a Creek which appeared to head in South mountains passed a 
  Island of  ¿¿  and a little timber in an Easterly bend at 1 mile, passed 
  Some timber in a point at 2 mile at or near the lower point of a large 
  Island on which we Shot at a large white bear. passed a Small Island in 
  the middle and one close on the Lard Shore at 3 miles behind the head of 
  which we Camped. those 3 Islands are all opposit, Soon after we Camped two 
  ganges of Buffalow crossed one above & the other below we killed 7 of 
  them & a calf and Saved as much of the best of the meat as we could 
  this evening, one man A Willard going for a load of meat at 170 yards 
  distance on an Island was attact by a white bear and verry near being 
  Caught, prosued within 40 yards of Camp where I was with one man I 
  collected 3 others of the party and prosued the bear (who had prosued my 
  track from a buffalow I had killed on the Island at about 300 yards 
  distance and chance to meet Willard) for fear of his attacking one man 
  Colter at the lower point of the Island, before we had got down the bear 
  had allarmed the man and prosued him into the water, at our approach he 
  retreated, and we relieved the man in the water, I Saw the bear but the 
  bushes was So thick that I could not Shoot him and it was nearly dark, the 
  wind from the S W & Cool killed a beaver & an elk for their Skins 
  this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0728-1805-06-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 19th 1805. This morning I sent over several men for the 
  meat which was killed yesterday, a few hours after they returned with it, 
  the wolves had not discovered it. I also dispatched George Drewyer Reubin 
  Fields and George Shannon on the North side of the Missouri with orders to 
  proceed to the entrance of Medecine river and indeavour to kill some Elk 
  in that neigh~bourhood. as there is more timber on that river than the 
  Missouri I expect that the Elk are more plenty. The cash completed today. 
  The wind blew violently the greater part of the day. the Indian woman was 
  much better this morning she walked out and gathered a considerable 
  quantity of the white apples of which she eat so heartily in their raw 
  state, together with a considerable quantity of dryed fish without my 
  knowledge that she complained very much and her fever again returned. I 
  rebuked Sharbono severely for suffering her to indulge herself with such 
  food he being privy to it and having been previously told what she must 
  only eat. I now gave her broken dozes of diluted nitre untill it produced 
  perspiration and at 10 P#M# 30 drops of laudnum which gave her a tolerable 
  nights rest. I amused myself in fishing several hours today and caught a 
  number of both species of the white fish, but no trout nor Cat. I employed 
  the men in making up our baggage in proper packages for transportation; 
  and waxed the stoppers of my powder canesters anew. had the frame of my 
  Iron boat clensed of rust and well greased. in the evening the men mended 
  their mockersons and preparedthemselves for the portage. After dark my dog 
  barked very much and seemed extreemly uneasy which was unusual with him; I 
  ordered the sergt# of the guard to reconniter with two men, thinking it 
  possible that some Indians might be about to pay us a visit, or perhaps a 
  white bear; he returned soon after & reported that he believed the dog 
  had been baying a buffaloe bull which had attempted to swim the river just 
  above our camp but had been beten down by the stream landed a little below 
  our camp on the same side & run off. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0729-1805-06-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 19th Wednesday 1805 We went on the Island to hunt the White bear this 
  morning but Could not find him, after plotting my Courses &c# I 
  deturmined to dry the meat we killed and leave here, and proceed up the 
  river as far as it bent to the S# E# and examine a Small Creek above our 
  Camp, I Set out and found the Creek only Contained back water for 1 mile 
  up, ascend near the Missouri 3 miles to the bend, from which place it 
  turnd. Westerly, from this bend I with 2 men went forward towards the Camp 
  of the party to examine the best ground for the portage, the little Creek 
  has verry extencive bottoms which Spread out into a varriety of leavl rich 
  bottoms quite to the mountains to the East, between those bottoms is hills 
  low and Stoney on this declivity where it is Steep. I returned to Camp 
  late and deturmined that the best nearest and most eassy rout would be 
  from the lower part of the 3rd or white bear Island, the wind all this day 
  blew violently hard from the S W# off the Snowey mountains, Cool, in my 
  last rout I lost a part of my notes which could not be found as the wind 
  must have blown them to a great distance. Summer duck Setting great 
  numbers of buffalow all about our Camp 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0730-1805-06-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 20th 1805. This morning we had but little to do; waiting the 
  return of Capt# Clark; I am apprehensive from his stay that the portage is 
  longer than we had calculated on. I sent out 4 hunters this morning on the 
  opposite side of the river to kill buffaloe; the country being more broken 
  on that side and cut with ravenes they can get within shoot of the 
  buffaloe with more ease and certainty than on this side of the river. my 
  object is if possible while we have now but little to do, to lay in a 
  large stock of dryed meat at this end of the portage to subsist the party 
  while engaged in the transportation of our baggage &c, to the end, 
  that they may not be taken from this duty when once commenced in order to 
  surch for the necessary subsistence. The Indian woman is qute free from 
  pain and fever this morning and appears to be in a fair way for recovery, 
  she has been walking about and fishing. In the evening 2 of the hunters 
  returned and informed me that they had killed eleven buffaloe eight of 
  which were in very fine order, I sent off all hands immediately to bring 
  in the meat they soon returned with about half of the best meat leaving 
  three men to remain all night in order to secure the ballance. the 
  bufhaloe are in inimence numbers, they have been constantly coming down in 
  large herds to water opposite to us for some hours sometimes two or three 
  herds wartering at the same instant and scarcely disappear before others 
  supply their places. they appear to make great use of the mineral water, 
  whether this be owing to it's being more convenient to them than the river 
  or that they actually prefer it I am at a loss to determine for they do 
  not use it invaryably, but sometimes pass at no great distance from it and 
  water at the river. brackish water or that of a dark colour impregnated 
  with mineral salts such as I have frequenly mentioned on the Missouri is 
  found in small quantities in some of the steep ravenes on the N# side of 
  the river opposite to us and the falls. Capt# Clark and party returned 
  late this evening when he gave me the following relation of his rout and 
  the occurrences which had taken place with them since their departure. 
  = 
  Capt# Clark now furnished me with the field notes of the survey which he 
  had made of the Missouri and it's Cataracts cascades &c# from the 
  entrance of portage Creek to the South Eastwardly bend of the Missouri 
  above the White bear Islands, which are as follow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0731-1805-06-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 20th Thursday 1805 a Cloudy morning, a hard wind all night and this 
  morning, I direct Stakes to be Cut to Stick up in the prarie to Show the 
  way for the party to transport the baggage &c# &c# we Set out 
  early on the portage, Soon after we Set out it began to rain and continued 
  a Short time we proceeded on thro a tolerable leavel plain, and found the 
  hollow of a Deep rivein to obstruct our rout as it Could not be passed 
  with Canos & baggage for Some distance above the place we Struck it I 
  examined it for Some time and finding it late deturmined to Strike the 
  river & take its Course & distance to Camp which I accordingly did 
  the wind hard from the S# W# a fair after noon, the river on both Sides 
  Cut with raveins Some of which is passes thro Steep Clifts into the river, 
  the Countrey above the falls & up the Medison river is leavel, with 
  low banks, a chain of mountains to the west Some part of which particuler 
  those to the N W# & S W are Covered with Snow and appear verry high ¬ I 
  Saw a rattle Snake in an open plain 2 miles from any Creek or wood. When I 
  arrived at Camp found all well with great quantites of meet, the Canoes 
  Capt# Lewis had Carried up the Creek 1 mile to a good place to assend the 
  band & taken up. Not haveing Seen the Snake Indians or knowing in fact 
  whither to Calculate on their friendship or hostillity, we have Conceived 
  our party Sufficiently Small, and therefore have Concluded not to dispatch 
  a Canoe with a part of our men to St# Louis as we have intended early in 
  the Spring. we fear also that Such a measure might also discourage those 
  who would in Such Case remain, and migh possibly hazard the fate of the 
  expedition. we have never hinted to any one of the party that we had Such 
  a Scheem in contemplation, and all appear perfectly to have made up their 
  minds, to Succeed in the expedition or perish in the attempt. we all 
  believe that we are about to enter on the most perilous and dificuelt part 
  of our Voyage, yet I See no one repineing; all appear ready to meet those 
  dificuelties which await us with resolution and becomeing fortitude. 
  = 
  We had a heavy dew this morning. the Clouds near those mountains rise 
  Suddonly and discharge their Contents partially on the neighbouring 
  Plains; the Same Cloud discharge hail alone in one part, hail and rain in 
  another and rain only in a third all within the Space of a fiew Miles; and 
  on the Mountains to the South & S# E# of us Sometimes Snow. at present 
  there is no Snow on those mountains; that which covered them a fiew days 
  ago has all disappeared. the Mountains to the N# W# and West of us are 
  Still entirely Covered are white and glitter with the reflection of the 
  Sun. 
  = 
  I do not believe that the Clouds that pervale at this Season of the year 
  reach the Summits of those lofty mountains; and if they do the probability 
  is that they deposit Snow only for there has been no proceptable 
  diminution of the Snow which they Contain Since we first Saw them. I have 
  thought it probable that these mountains might have derived their 
  appellation of Shineing Mountains, from their glittering appearance when 
  the Sun Shines in certain directions on the Snow which Cover them. 
  = 
  Dureing the time of my being on the Plains and above the falls I as also 
  all my party repeatedly heard a nois which proceeded from a Direction a 
  little to the N# of West, as loud and resembling precisely the discharge 
  of a piece of ordinance of 6 pounds at the distance of 5 or six miles. I 
  was informed of it Several times by the men J# Fields particularly before 
  I paid any attention to it, thinking it was thunder most probably which 
  they had mistaken. at length walking in the plains yesterday near the most 
  extreem S# E# bend of the River above the falls I heard this nois very 
  distinctly, it was perfectly calm clear and not a Cloud to be Seen, I 
  halted and listened attentively about two hour dureing which time I heard 
  two other discharges, and took the direction of the Sound with my pocket 
  Compass which was as nearly West from me as I could estimate from the 
  Sound. I have no doubt but if I had leasure I could find from whence it 
  issued. I have thought it probable that it might be caused by running 
  water in Some of the caverns of those emence mountains, on the principal 
  of the blowing caverns; but in Such case the Sounds would be periodical 
  and regular, which is not the Case with this, being Sometimes heard once 
  only and at other times Several discharges in quick Succession. it is 
  heard also at different times of the day and night. I am at a great loss 
  to account for this Phenomenon. I well recollect hereing the Minitarees 
  Say that those Rocky Mountains make a great noise, but they could not tell 
  me the Cause, neither Could they inform me of any remarkable substance or 
  situation in these mountains which would autherise a conjecture of a 
  probable cause of this noise. it is probable that the large river just 
  above those Great falls which heads in the detection of the noise has 
  taken it's name Medicine River from this unaccountable rumbling Sound, 
  which like all unacountable thing with the Indians of the Missouri is 
  Called Medicine. 
  = 
  The Ricaras inform us of the black mountains making a Simalar noise &c# 
  &c# and maney other wonderfull tales of those Rocky mountains and 
  those great falls. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0732-1805-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 21st 1805. This morning I employed the greater part of the men 
  in transporting a part of the bagage over portage creek to the top of the 
  high plain about three miles in advance on the portage. I also had one 
  canoe carryed on truck wheles to the same place and put the baggage in it, 
  in order to make an early start in the morning, as the rout of our portage 
  is not yet entirely settled, and it would be inconvenient to remain in the 
  open plain all night at a distance from water, which would probably be the 
  case if we did not set out early as the latter part of the rout is 
  destitute of water for about 8 miles ¬ having determined to go to the 
  upper part of the portage tomorrow; in order to prepare my boat and 
  receive and take care of the stores as they were transported, I caused the 
  Iron frame of the boat and the necessary tools my private baggage and 
  Instruments to be taken as a part of this load, also the baggage of Joseph 
  Fields, Sergt# Gass and John sheilds, whom I had scelected to assist me in 
  constructing the leather boat. Three men were employed today in shaving 
  the Elk skins which had ben collected for the boat. the ballance of the 
  party were employed in cuting the meat we had killed yesterday into thin 
  Retches and drying it, and in bring in the ballance of what had been left 
  over the river with three men last evening. I readily preceive several 
  difficulties in preparing the leather boat which are the want of 
  convenient and proper timber; bark, skins, and above all that of pitch to 
  pay her seams, a deficiency that I really know not how to surmount unless 
  it be by means of tallow and pounded charcoal which mixture has answered a 
  very good purpose on our wooden canoes heretofore. I have seen for the 
  first time on the Missouri at these falls, a species of fishing ducks with 
  white wings, brown and white body and the head and part of the neck adjoining 
  of a brick red, and the beak narrow; which I take to be the same common to 
  James river, the Potomac and Susquehanna. immence numbers of buffaloe 
  comeing to water at the river as usual. the men who remained over the 
  river last night killed several mule deer, and Willard who was with me 
  killed a young Elk. The wind blew violently all day. The growth of the 
  neighbourhood what little there is consists of the broad and narrow leafed 
  cottonwood, box alder, the large or sweet willow, the narrow and broad 
  leafed willow. the sweet willow has not been common to the Missouri below 
  this or the entrance of Maria's river; here attains to the same size and 
  in appearance much the same as in the Atlantic States. the undergrowth 
  consists of rosebushes, goosberry and current bushes, honeysuckle small, 
  and the red wood, the inner bark of which the engages are fond of smoking 
  mixed with tobacco. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0733-1805-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 21st Friday 1805 a fine morning wind from the S W# off the mountains 
  and hard, Capt Lewis with the men except a few take a part of the baggage 
  & a Canoe up the Hill 3 mile in advance, Several men employed in 
  Shaveing & Graneing Elk hides for the Iron boat as it is called ¬ 3 
  men were Sent up the Medison river yesterday to kill Elk for the Skins for 
  the boat, I fear that we Shall be put to Some dificuelty in precureing Elk 
  Skins Sufficent, Cloudy afternoon, we dry meat for the men to eat on 
  their return from the upper part of the portage Capt Lewis determine to 
  proceed to the upper part of the Portage tomorrow & with 3 men proced 
  to fix the Iron boat with Skins &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0734-1805-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 22cd 1805. This morning early Capt Clark and myself with all 
  the party except Sergt# Ordway Sharbono, Goodrich, york and the Indian 
  woman, set out to pass the portage with the canoe and baggage to the 
  Whitebear Islands, where we intend that this portage shall end. Capt# 
  Clarke piloted us through the plains. about noon we reached a little 
  stream about 8 miles on the portage where we halted and dined; we were 
  obliged here to renew both axeltrees and the tongues and howns of one set 
  of wheels which took us no more than 2 hours. these parts of our carriage 
  had been made of cottonwood and one axetree of an old mast, all of which 
  proved deficient and had broken down several times before we reached this 
  place we have now renewed them with the sweet willow and hope that they 
  will answer better. after dark we had reached within half a mile of our 
  intended camp when the tongues gave way and we were obliged to leave the 
  canoe, each man took as much of the baggage as he could carry on his back 
  and proceeded to the river where we formed our encampment much fortiegued. 
  the prickly pears were extreemly troublesome to us sticking our feet 
  through our mockersons. Saw a great number of buffaloe in the plains, also 
  immence quantities of little birds and the large brown curloo; the latter 
  is now seting; it lays it's eggs, which are of a pale blue with black 
  specks, on the ground without any preperation of a nest. there is a kind 
  of larke here that much resembles the bird called the oldfield lark with a 
  yellow brest and a black spot on the croop; tho this differs from ours in 
  the form of the tail which is pointed being formed of feathers of unequal 
  length; the beak is somewhat longer and more curved and the note differs 
  considerably; however in size, action, and colours there is no perceptable 
  difference; or at least none that strikes my eye. after reaching our camp 
  we kindled our fires and examined the meat which Capt# Clark had left, but 
  found only a small proportion of it, the wolves had taken the greater 
  part. we eat our suppers and soon retired to rest. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0735-1805-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 22nd Satturday 1805 a fine morning, Capt Lewis my Self and all the 
  party except a Sergeant Ordway Guterich and the Interpreter and his wife 
  Sar car gah we a (who are left at Camp to take Care of the baggage left) 
  across the portage with one Canoe on truck wheels and loaded with a part 
  of our Baggage I piloted thro the plains to the Camp I made at which place 
  I intended the portage to end which is 3 miles above the Medesin River we 
  had great dificuelty in getting on as the axeltree broke Several times, 
  and the Cuppling tongus of the wheels which was of Cotton & willow, 
  the only wood except Boxelder &  ¿¿  that grow in this quarter, we got 
  within half a mile of our intended Camp much fatigued at dark, our tongus 
  broke & we took a load to the river on the mens back, where we found a 
  number of wolves which had distroyed a great part of our meat which I had 
  left at that place when I was up day before yesterday we Soon went to 
  Sleep & Slept Sound wind from the  ¿¿  we deturmine to employ every 
  man Cooks & all on the portage after to day 
  = 
  Canoe and baggage brought up, after which we breakfasted and nearly 
  consumed the meat which he had left here. he now set out on his return 
  with the party. I employed the three men with me in the forenoon clearing 
  away the brush and forming our camp, and puting the frame of the boat 
  together. this being done I sent Shields and Gass to look out for the 
  necessary timber, and with J# Fields decended the river in the canoe to 
  the mouth of Medicine river in surch of the hunters whom I had dispatched 
  thither on the 19th inst. and from whom we had not heard a sentence. I 
  entered the mouth of medicine river and ascended it about half a mile when 
  we landed and walked up the Stard# side. frequently hooping as we went on 
  in order to find the hunters; at length after ascending the river about 
  five miles we found Shannon who had passed the Medecine river & fixed 
  his camp on the Lard# side, where he had killed seven deer and several 
  buffaloe and dryed about 600 lbs. of buffaloe meat; but had killed no Elk. 
  Shannon could give me no further account of R# Fields and Drewyer than 
  that he had left them about noon on the 19th at the great falls and had 
  come on the mouth of Medicine river to hunt Elk as he had been directed, 
  and never had seen them since. the evening being now far spent I thought 
  it better to pass the Medicine river and remain all night at Shannon's 
  camp; I passed the river on a raft which we soon constructed for the 
  purpose. the river is here about 80 yds# wide, is deep and but a moderate 
  current. the banks low as those of the Missouri above the falls yet never 
  appear to overflow. as it will give a better view of the transactions of 
  the party, I shall on each day give the occurrences of both camps during 
  our seperation as I afterwards learnt those of the lower camp from Capt# 
  Clark. on his return today he cut of several angles of the rout by which 
  we came yesterday, shortened the portage considerably, measured it and set 
  up stakes throughout as guides to marke the rout. he returned this evening 
  to the lower camp in sufficient time to take up two of the canoes from 
  portage creek to the top of the plain about a mile in advance. this 
  evening the men repaired their mockersons, and put on double souls to 
  protect their feet from the prickley pears. during the late rains the 
  buffaloe have troden up the praire very much, which having now become dry 
  the sharp points of earth as hard as frozen ground stand up in such 
  abundance that there is no avoiding them. this is particulary severe on 
  the feet of the men who have not only their own wight to bear in treading 
  on those hacklelike points but have also the addition of the burthen which 
  they draw and which in fact is as much as they can possibly move with. 
  they are obliged to halt and rest frequently for a few minutes, at every 
  halt these poor fellows tumble down and are so much fortiegued that many 
  of them are asleep in an instant; in short their fatiegues are incredible; 
  some are limping from the soreness of their feet, others faint and unable 
  to stand for a few minutes, with heat and fatiegue, yet no one complains, 
  all go with cheerfullness. in evening Reubin Fields returned to the lower 
  camp and informed Capt# Clark of the absence of Shannon, with rispect to 
  whome they were extreemly uneasy. Fields and Drewyer had killed several 
  buffaloe at the bend of the missouri above the falls and had dryed a 
  considerable quantity of meat; they had also killed several deer but no 
  Elk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0736-1805-06-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 23rd Sunday 1805 a Cloudy morning wind from the S# E, after getting 
  the Canoe to Camp & the articles left in the plains we eate brackfast 
  of the remaining meat found in Camp & I with the party the truck 
  wheels & poles to Stick up in the prarie as a guide, Set out on our 
  return, we proceeded on, & measured the Way which I Streightened 
  considerably from that I went on yesterday, and arrived at our lower camp 
  in Suffcent time to take up 2 Canoes on the top of the hill from the 
  Creek, found all Safe at Camp the men mended their mockersons with double 
  Soles to Save their feet from the prickley pear, (which abounds in the 
  Praries,) and the hard ground which in Some & maney places So hard as 
  to hurt the feet verry much, the emence number of Buffalow after the last 
  rain has trod the flat places in Such a manner as to leave it uneaven, and 
  that has tried and is wors than frozen ground, added to those 
  obstructions, the men has to haul with all their Strength wate & art, 
  maney times every man all catching the grass & knobes & Stones 
  with their hands to give them more force in drawing on the Canoes & 
  Loads, and notwithstanding the Coolness of the air in high presperation 
  and every halt, those not employed in reparing the Couse; are asleep in a 
  moment, maney limping from the Soreness of their feet Some become fant for 
  a fiew moments, but no man Complains all go Chearfully on ¬ to State 
  the fatigues of this party would take up more of the journal than other 
  notes which I find Scercely time to Set down. I had the best rout Staked 
  out and measured which is 17 miles 3/4 to the river & 1/2 a mile up 
  i.e 181/4 miles portage ¬ from the lower rapid to the 1st Creek is 286 
  poles, to a Deep run of water, Called Willow Run is 6 miles thence to the 
  river 3 miles above Medison Riv at 3 Island Called White Bear Islands is 
  11 miles all prarie without wood or water except at the Creek & run 
  which afford a plenty of fine water and a little wood the plain is 
  tolerably leavel except at the river a Small assent & passing a low 
  hill from the Creek a rough & Steep assent for about 1/4 of a mile and 
  Several Gullies & a gradual hill for 11/2 miles the heads of Several 
  gullies which have Short assents & the willow run of a Steep hill on 
  this run grows Purple & red Currents. the red is now ripe the Purple 
  full grown, an emence number of Prarie birds now Setting of two kinds one 
  larger than a Sparrow dark yellow the Center feathers of its tail yellow 
  & the out Sides black Some Streeks about its neck, the other about the 
  Same Size White tail 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0737-1805-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 24th 1805. Supposing that Drewyer and R# Fields might possibly 
  be still higher up medicine river, I dispatched J# Fields up the river 
  with orders to proceede about four miles and then return whether he found 
  them or not and join Shannon at this camp. I set out early and walked down 
  the South West side of the river and sent Shannon down the opposite side 
  to bring the canoe over to me and put me across the Missouri; having 
  landed on the Lard# side of the Missouri I sent Shannon back with the 
  canoe to ascend the Medicine river as far as his camp to meet J# Fields 
  and bring the dryed meat at that place to the camp at the white bear 
  Islands which accomplished and arrived with Fields this evening. the party 
  also arrived this evening with two canoes from the lower camp. they were 
  wet and fatiegued, gave them a dram. R# Fields came with them and gave me 
  an account of his & Drewyer's hunt, and informed me that Drewyer was 
  still at their camp with the meat they had dryed. the iron frame of my 
  boat is 36 feet long 41/2 F. in the beam and 26 Inches in the hole. 
  = 
  This morning early Capt# Clark had the remaining canoe drawn out of the 
  water; and divided the remainder of our baggage into three parcels, one of 
  which he sent today by the party with two canoes. The Indian woman is now 
  perfectly recovered. Capt# C# came a few miles this morning to see the 
  party under way and returned. on my arrival at the upper camp this 
  morning, I found that Sergt# Gass and Shields had made but slow progress 
  in collecting timber for the boat; they complained of great difficulty in 
  geting streight or even tolerably streight sticks of 4/2 feet long. we 
  were obliged to make use of the willow and box alder, the cottonwood being 
  too soft and brittle. I kept one of them collecting timber while the other 
  shaved and fitted them. I have found some pine logs among the drift wood 
  near this place, from which, I hope to obtain as much pitch as will answer 
  to pay the seams of the boat. I directed Fraizer to remain in order to sew 
  the hides together, and form the covering for the boat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0738-1805-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 24th Monday 1805 a Cloudy morning I rose early had, the remaining 
  Canoe hauled out of the water to dry and divided the baggage into 3 
  parcels, one of which the party took on their backs & one waggon with 
  truk wheels to the Canoes 3 miles in advance (Those Canoes or 5 of our 
  Canoes were Carried up the Creek 13/4 of a mile taken out on the bank and 
  left to dry from which place they are taken up a point and intersects this 
  rout from the mouth of the Creek at 3 miles from the foot of the rapids) 
  after getting up their loads they divided men & load & proceeded 
  on with 2 canoes on truck wheels as before, I accompaned them 4 miles and 
  returned, my feet being verry Sore from the walk over ruts Stones & 
  hills & thro the leavel plain for 6 days proceeding Carrying my pack 
  and gun. Some few drops of rain in the fore part of the day, at 6 oClock a 
  black Cloud arose to the N West, the wind shifted from the S to that point 
  and in a short time the earth was entirely Covered with hail, Some rain 
  Succeeded, which Continud for about an hour very moderately on this Side 
  of the river, without the earths being wet 1/2 an inch, the riveins on the 
  opposit or N W Side discharged emence torrents of water into the river, 
  & Showed evidently that the rain was much heavyer on that Side, Some 
  rain at different times in the night which was worm ¬ Thunder without 
  lightning accompanied the hail Cloud 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0739-1805-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 25th 1805. This morning early I sent the party back to the 
  lower camp; dispatched Frazier down with the canoe for Drewyer and the 
  meat he had collected, and Joseph Fields up the Missouri to hunt Elk. at 
  eight OCIk. sent Gass and Sheilds over to the large Island for bark and 
  timber. about noon Fields returned and informed me that he had seen two 
  white bear near the river a few miles above and in attempting to get a 
  shoot them had stumbled uppon a third which immediately made at him being 
  only a few steps distant; that in runing in order to escape from the bear 
  he had leaped down a steep bank of the river on a stony bar where he fell 
  cut his hand bruised his knees and bent his gun. that fortunately for him 
  the bank hid him from the bear when he fell and that by that means he had 
  escaped. this man has been truly unfortunate with these bear, this is the 
  second time that he has narrowly escaped from them. about 2 P# M Shields 
  and Gass returned with but a small quantity of both bark and timber and 
  informed me that it was all they could find on the Island; they had killed 
  two Elk the skins of which and a part of the flesh they brought with them. 
  in the evening Drewyer and Frazier arrivd with about 800 lbs. of excellent 
  dryed meat and about 100 lbs of tallow. The river is about 800 yds# wide 
  opposite to us above these islands, and has a very gentle current the 
  bottoms are hadsome level and extensive on both sides; the bank on this 
  side is not more than 2 feet above the level of the water; it is a pretty 
  little grove in which our camp is situated. there is a species of wild rye 
  which is now heading it rises to the hight of 18 or 20 inches, the beard 
  is remarkably fine and soft it is a very handsome grass the culm is 
  jointed and is in every rispect the wild rye in minuture. great quantities 
  of mint also are here it resemble the pepper mint very much in taste and 
  appearance. the young blackbirds which are almost innumerable in these 
  islands just begin to fly. see a number of water tarripens. I have made an 
  unsuccessfull attempt to catch fish, and do not think there are any in 
  this part of the river. The party that returned this evening to the lower 
  camp reached it in time to take one canoe on the plain and prepare their 
  baggage for an early start in the morning after which such as were able to 
  shake a foot amused themselves in dancing on the green to the music of the 
  violin which Cruzatte plays extreemly well. 
  = 
  Capt# C# somewhat unwell today. he made Charbono kook for the party 
  against their return. it is worthy of remark that the winds are sometimes 
  so strong in these plains that the men informed me that they hoisted a 
  sail in the canoe and it had driven her along on the truck wheels. this is 
  really sailing on dry land. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0740-1805-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 25th Tuesday 1805 a fair worm morning, Clouded & a few drops of 
  rain at 5 oClock A#M# fair I feel my Self a little unwell with a looseness 
  &c# &c# put out the Stores to dry & Set Chabonah &c to 
  Cook for the party against their return ¬ he being the only man left on this 
  Side with me I had a little Coffee for brackfast which was to me a riarity 
  as I had not tasted any Since last winter. The wind from the N# W# & 
  worm. This Countrey has a romantick appearance river inclosed between high 
  and Steep hills Cut to pieces by revines but little timber and that 
  Confined to the Rivers & Creek, the Missourie has but a fiew 
  Scattering trees on its borders, and only one Solitary Cotton tree in 
  sight of my Camp the wood which we burn is drift wood which is broken to 
  pieces in passing the falls, not one large tree longer than about 8 or 10 
  feet to be found drifted below the falls the plains are inferior in point 
  of Soil to those below, more Stone on the sides of the hill, grass but a 
  few inches high and but few flowers in the Plains, great quantites of 
  Choke Cheries, Goose burres, red & yellow berries, & red & 
  Purple Currents on the edges of water Courses in bottoms & damp 
  places, about my Camp the Cliffs or bluffs are a hard red or redish brown 
  earth Containing Iron. we Catch great quantities of Trout, and a kind of 
  mustel, flat backs & a Soft fish resembling a Shad and a few Cat. at 5 
  oClock the party returned, fatigued as usial, and proceeded to mend their 
  mockersons &c# and G Shannon & R# Fds. to of the men who ware Sent 
  up the medison river to hunt Elk, they killed no Elk, Several Buffalow 
  & Deer, and reports that the river is 120 yds wide and about 8 feet 
  deep Some timber on its borders ¬ a powerfull rain fell on the party 
  on their rout yesterday Wet Some fiew articles, and Caused the rout to be 
  So bad wet & Deep thay Could with dificuelty proceed, Capt# Lewis 
  & the men with him much employd with the Iron Boat in fitting it for 
  the water, dispatched one man to George Drewyers Camp below medison river 
  for meat &c# a fair after noon ¬ great numbers of buffalow water 
  opposit to my Camp everry day ¬ it may be here worthy of remark that 
  the Sales were hoised in the Canoes as the men were drawing them and the 
  wind was great relief to them being Sufficeritly Strong to move the Canoes 
  on the Trucks, this is Saleing on Dry land in every Sence of the word, 
  Serjeant N Pryor Sick, the party amused themselves with danceing untill 10 
  oClock all Chearfullness and good humer, they all tied up their loads to 
  make an early Start in the morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0741-1805-06-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 26th 1805. The Musquetoes are extreemly troublesome to us. 
  This morning early I dispatched J# Fields and Drewyer in one of the canoes 
  up the river to hunt Elk. set Frazier at work to sew the skins together 
  for the covering of the boat. Sheilds and Gas I sent over the river to 
  lurch a small timbered bottom on that side opposite to the Islands for 
  timber and bark; and to myself I assign the duty of cook as well for those 
  present as for the party which I expect again to arrive this evening from 
  the lower camp. I collected my wood and water, boiled a large quantity of 
  excellent dryed buffaloe meat and made each man a large suet dumpling by 
  way of a treat. about 4 P#M# Shields and Gass returned with a better 
  supply of timber than they had yet collected tho not by any means enough. 
  they brought some bark principally of the Cottonwood which I found was too 
  brittle and soft for the purpose; for this article I find my only 
  dependence is the sweet willow which has a tough & strong bark. 
  Shields and Gass had killed seven buffaloe in their absence the skins of 
  which and a part of the best of the meat they brought with them. if I 
  cannot procure a sufficient quantity of Elk's skins I shall substitute 
  those of the buffaloe. late in the evening the party arrived with two more 
  canoes and another portion of the baggage. Whitehouse one of them much 
  heated and fortiegued on his arrivall dank a very hearty draught of water 
  and was taken almost instanly extreemly ill. his pulse were very full and 
  I therefore bled him plentifully from which he felt great relief. I had no 
  other instrument with which to perform this opperation but my pen knife, 
  however it answered very well. the wind being from S# E today and 
  favourable the men made considerable progress by means of their sails. 
  = 
  At the lower Camp. The party set out very early from this place, and took 
  with them two canoes and a second alotment of baggage consisting of 
  Parched meal, Pork, powder lead axes, tools, bisquit, portable soupe, some 
  merchandize and cloathing. Capt# C# gave Sergt# Pryor a doze of salts this 
  morning and employed Sharbono in rendering the buffaloe tallow which had 
  been collected there, he obtained a sufficient quantity to fill three 
  empty kegs. Capt# C# also scelected the articles to be deposited in the 
  cash consisting of my desk which I had left for that purpose and in which 
  I had left some books, my specimens of plants minerals &c# collected 
  from fort Mandan to that place. also 2 Kegs of Pork, 1/2 a Keg of flour 2 
  blunderbushes, 1/2 a keg of fixed ammunition and some other small articles 
  belonging to the party which could be dispenced with. deposited the swivel 
  and carriage under the rocks a little above the camp near the river. great 
  numbers of buffaloe still continue to water daily opposite the camp. The 
  antelopes still continue scattered and seperate in the plains. the females 
  with their young only of which they generally have two, and the males 
  alone. Capt# Clarke measured the rout from the Camp at the Whitebear 
  Islands to the lower camp which is as follows. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0742-1805-06-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 26th Wednesday 1805 Some rain last night this morning verry Cloudy 
  the party Set out this morning verry early with their loads to the Canoe 
  Consisting of Parched meal Pork Powder Lead axes, Tools Bisquit, P# Soup 
  & Some Merchendize & Clothes &c# &c# I gave Serjt# Pryor a 
  dolt of Salts, & Set Chabonah to trying up the Buffalow tallow & 
  put into the empty Kegs &c# I assort our articles for to be left at 
  this place buried,  ¿¿  Kegs of Pork, 1/2 a Keg of flour, 2 blunderbuts, 
   ¿¿  Caterrages a few Small lumbersom articles Capt Lewiss Desk and Some 
  books & Small articles in it 
  = 
  The wind from the N# W# verry worm flying Clouds in the evening the wind 
  Shifted round to the East & blew hard, which is a fair wind for the 
  two Canoes to Sail on the Plains across the portage, I had three Kegs of 
  Buffalow Grease tried up. Great numbers of Buffalow opposite to our Camp 
  watering to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0743-1805-06-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 27, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 27th 1805. The party returned early this morning for the 
  remaining canoe and baggage; Whitehouse was not quite well this morning I 
  therefore detained him and about 10 A#M# set him at work with Frazier 
  sewing the skins together for the boat; Shields and Gass continued the 
  operation of shaving and fiting the horizontall bars of wood in the 
  sections of the boat; the timber is so crooked and indifferent that they 
  make but little progress, for myself I continued to act the part of cook 
  in order to keep all hands employed. some Elk came near our camp and we 
  killed 2 of them at 1 P#M# a cloud arrose to the S# W# and shortly after 
  came on attended with violent Thunder Lightning and hail &c# (see 
  notes on diary of the weather for June). soon after this storm was over 
  Drewyer and J# Fields returned. they were about 4 miles above us during 
  the storm, the hail was of no uncommon size where they were. They had 
  killed 9 Elk and three bear during their absence; one of the bear was the 
  largest by far that we have yet seen; the skin appear to me to be as large 
  as a common ox. while hunting they saw a thick brushey bottom on the bank 
  of the river where from the tracks along shore they suspected that there 
  were bare concealed; they therefore landed without making any nois and 
  climbed a leaning tree and placed themselves on it's branches about 20 
  feet above the ground, when thus securely fixed they gave a hoop and this 
  large bear instantly rushed forward to the place from whence he had heard 
  the human voice issue, when he arrived at the tree he made a short paus 
  and Drewyer shot him in the head. it is worthy of remark that these bear 
  never climb. the fore feet of this bear measured nine inches across and 
  the hind feet eleven and ¬ 3/4 in length & exclusive of the 
  tallons and seven inches in width. a bear came within thirty yards of our 
  camp last night and eat up about thirty weight of buffaloe suit which was 
  hanging on a pole. my dog seems to be in a constant state of alarm with 
  these bear and keeps barking all night. soon after the storm this evening 
  the water on this side of the river became of a deep crimson colour which 
  I pesume proceeded from some stream above and on this side. there is a 
  kind of soft red stone in the bluffs and bottoms. of the gullies in this 
  neighbourhood which forms this colouring matter. At the lower camp. 
  Capt# Clark completed a draught of the river with the couses and distances 
  from the entrance of the Missouri to Ft. Mandan, which we intend 
  depositing here in order to guard against accedents. Sergt# Pryor is 
  somewhat better this morning. at 4 P#M# the party returned from the upper 
  camp; Capt# C# gave them a drink of grog; they prepared for the labour of 
  the next day. soon after the party returned it began to rain accompanyed 
  by some hail and continued a short time; a second shower fell late in the 
  evening accompanyed by a high wind from N# W# ¬ the mangled carcases 
  of several buffaloe pass down the river today which had no doubt perished 
  in the falls. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0744-1805-06-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 27th Thursday 1805 a fair warm morning wind from the S, E, and 
  moderate. Serjt# Pryor Something better this morning, I proceed to finish 
  a rough draugh of the river & Distances to leave at this place, the 
  wormest day we have had this year, at 4 oClock the Party returned from the 
  head of the portage Soon after it began to hail and rain hard and 
  continued for a fiew minits & Ceased for an hour and began to rain 
  again with a heavy wind from the N W# I refresh the men with a drink of 
  grog The river beginning to rise a little the water is Coloured a redish 
  brown, the Small Streams, discharges in great torrents, and partake of the 
  Choler of the earth over which it passes ¬ a great part of which is light 
  & of a redish brown. Several Buffalow pass drowned & in passing 
  over the falls Cloudy all night, Cold 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0745-1805-06-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 28, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 28th 1805. Set Drewyer to shaving the Elk skins, Fields to 
  make the cross stays for the boat, Frazier and Whitehouse continue their 
  operation with the skins, Shields and Gass finish the horizontal bars of 
  the sections; after which I sent them in surch of willow bark, a 
  sufficient supply of which they now obtained to bind the boat. expecting 
  the party this evening I prepared a supper for them but they did not 
  arrive. not having quite Elk skins enough I employed three buffaloe hides 
  to cover one section. not being able to shave these skins I had them 
  singed pretty closely with a blazeing torch; I think they will answer 
  tolerable well. The White bear have become so troublesome to us that I do 
  not think it prudent to send one man alone on an errand of any kind, 
  particularly where he has to pass through the brush. we have seen two of 
  them on the large Island opposite to us today but are so much engaged that 
  we could not spare the time to hunt them but will make a frolick of it 
  when the party return and drive them from these islands. they come close 
  arround our camp every night but have never yet ventured to attack us and 
  our dog gives us timely notice of their visits, he keeps constantly 
  padroling all night. I have made the men sleep with their arms by them as 
  usual for fear of accedents. the river is now about nine inches higher 
  than it was on my arrival. lower Camp. early this morning Capt# C# 
  dispatched the remaining canoe with some baggage to the top of the plain 
  above Portage creek three miles in advance; some others he employed in 
  carrying the articles to the cash and depositing them and others to mend 
  the carriages which wer somewhat out of repair. this being accomplished he 
  loaded the two carriages with the remaining baggage and set out with all 
  the party and proceeded on with much difficulty to the canoe in the plain. 
  portage creek had arisen considerably and the water was of crimson colour 
  and illy tasted. on his arrival at the canoe he found there was more 
  baggage than he could possibly take at one load on the two sets of trucks 
  and therefore left some barrels of pork & flour and a few heavy boxes 
  of amunition which could not well be injured, and proceeded with the canoe 
  & one set of trucks loaded with baggage to willow run where he 
  encamped for the night, and killed two buffaloe to subsist the party. soon 
  after his arrival at willow run he experienced a hard shower of rain which 
  was succeeded by a violent wind from the S# W# off the snowy mountains, 
  accompanyed with rain; the party being cold and wet, he administered the 
  consolation of a dram to each. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0746-1805-06-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 28th Friday 1805 a fair morning wind from the South I dispatch the 
  remaining Canoe with baggage in her to the top of the Hill three miles, 
  imploy Some hands in Carrying those things we intend to deposit to the 
  Carsh or hole, Some to repareing one of the trucks &c# &c# the 
  water is riseing and of a redish brown Cholour after Covering the Carshe 
  & loading the two Carrges with the remaining part of our Baggage we 
  all Set out passed the Creek which had rose a little and the water nearly 
  red, and bad tasted, we assended the hill to the place the Canoe lay with 
  great labour, at the Canoe at which place we left Some boxes & Kegs of 
  Pork & flour for another Load, and proceeded on with the Canoe & 
  what baggage we could draw on the wheels to willow run 6 miles where we 
  Camped, this run mearly Some water remaining in holes &c# Soon after 
  we halted we had a Shower, and at dark we expereinced a most dredfull wind 
  from off the Snow Mountains to the S# W# accompd. with rain which 
  continued at intervales all night men wet. I refreshed them with a dram. 
  Killed 2 Buffalow. Great nos# about 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0747-1805-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 29th 1805. This morning we experienced a heavy shower of 
  rain for about an hour after which it became fair. not having seen the 
  large fountain of which Capt# Clark spoke I determined to visit it today 
  as I could better spare this day from my attention to the boat than 
  probably any other when the work would be further advanced; accordingly 
  after seting the hands at their several employments I took Drewyer and 
  seet out for the fountain and passed through a level beautiful plain for 
  about Six miles when I reached the brake of the river hills here we were 
  overtaken by a violent gust of wind and rain from the S# W# attended with 
  thunder and Litning. I expected a hail storm probably from this cloud and 
  therefore took refuge in a little gully wher there were some broad stones 
  with which I purposed protecting my head if we should have a repetition of 
  the seene of the 27th but fortunately we had but little hail and that not 
  large; I sat very composedly for about an hour without sheter and took a 
  copious drenching of rain; after the shower was over I continued my rout 
  to the fountain which I found much as Capt# C; had discribed & think 
  it may well be retained on the list of prodegies of this neighbourhood 
  towards which, nature seems to have dealt with a liberal hand, for I have 
  scarcely experienced a day since my first arrival in this quarter without 
  experiencing some novel occurrence among the party or witnessing the 
  appearance of some uncommon object. I think this fountain the largest I 
  ever beheld, and the hadsome cascade which it affords over some steep and 
  irregular rocks in it's passage to the river adds not a little to it's 
  beauty. it is about 25 yds# from the river, situated in a pretty little 
  level plain, and has a suddon decent of about 6 feet in one part of it's 
  course. the water of this fountain is extreemly tranparent and cold; nor 
  is it impregnated with lime or any other extranious matter which I can 
  discover, but is very pure and pleasent. it's waters marke their passage 
  as Capt# Clark observes for a considerable distance down the Missouri 
  notwithstanding it's rapidity and force. the water of the fountain boil up 
  with such force near it's center that it's surface in that part seems even 
  higher than the surrounding earth which is a firm handsom terf of fine 
  green grass. after amusing myself about 20 minutes in examining the 
  fountain I found myself so chilled with my wet cloaths that I determined 
  to return and accordingly set out; on our way to camp we found a buffaloe 
  dead which we had shot as we came out and took a parsel of the meat to 
  camp it was in very good order; the hump and tongue of a fat buffaloe I 
  esteem great delicasies. on my arrival at camp I was astonished not to 
  find the party yet arrived, but then concluded that probably the state of 
  the praries had detained them, as in the wet state in which they are at 
  present the mud sticks to the wheels is such manner that they are obliged 
  to halt frequently and clense them. Transaction and occurrencies which 
  took place with Capt# Clark and party today. 
  = 
  Shortly after the rain which fell early this morning he found it 
  imposseble from the state of the plains for the party to reach the upper 
  extremity of the portage with their present load, and therefore sent back 
  almost all of the party to bring the baggage which had been left behind 
  yesterday. he determined himself to pass by the way of the river to camp 
  in order to supply the deficiency of some notes and remarks which he had 
  made as he first ascended the river but which he had unfortunately lost. 
  accordingly he left one man at Willow run to guard the baggage and took 
  with him his black man York, Sharbono and his indian woman also 
  accompanyed Capt# C# on his arrival at the falls he perceived a very black 
  cloud rising in the West which threatened immediate rain; he looked about 
  for a shelter but could find none without being in great danger of being 
  blown into the river should the wind prove as violent as it sometimes is 
  on those occasions in these plains; at length about a 1/4 of a mile above 
  the falls he discovered a deep rivene where there were some shelving rocks 
  under which he took shelter near the river with Sharbono and the Indian 
  woman; laying their guns compass &c# under a shelving rock on the 
  upper side of the rivene where they were perfectly secure from the rain. 
  the first shower was moderate accompanyed by a violent rain the effects of 
  which they did but little feel; soon after a most violent torrent of rain 
  decended accompanyed with hail; the rain appeared to decend in a body and 
  instantly collected in the rivene and came down in a roling torrent with 
  irrisistable force driving rocks mud and everything before it which 
  opposed it's passage, Capt# C# fortunately discovered it a moment before 
  it reached them and seizing his gun and shot pouch with his left hand with 
  the right he assisted himself up the steep bluff shoving occasionaly the 
  Indian woman before him who had her child in her arms; Sharbono had the 
  woman by the hand indeavouring to pull her up the hill but was so much 
  frightened that he remained frequently motionless and but for Capt# C# 
  both himself and his woman and child must have perished. so suddon was the 
  rise of the water that before Capt C could reach his gun and begin to 
  ascend the bank it was up to his waist and wet his watch; and he could 
  scarcely ascend faster than it arrose till it had obtained the debth of 15 
  feet with a current tremendious to behold. one moment longer & it 
  would have swept them into the river just above the great cataract of 87 
  feet where they must have inevitably perished. Sarbono lost his gun shot 
  pouch, horn, tomahawk, and my wiping rod; Capt# Clark his Umbrella and 
  compas or circumferenter. they fortunately arrived on the plain safe, 
  where they found the black man, York, in surch of them; york had seperated 
  from them a little while before the storm, in pursuit of some buffaloe and 
  had not seen them enter the rivene; when this gust came on he returned in 
  surch of them & not being able to find them for some time was much 
  allarmed. the bier in which the woman carrys her child and all it's 
  cloaths wer swept away as they lay at her feet she having time only to 
  grasp her child; the infant was therefore very cold and the woman also who 
  had just recovered from a severe indisposition was also wet and cold, Capt 
  C# therefore relinquished his intended rout and returned to the camp at 
  willow run in order also to obtain dry cloathes for himself and directed 
  them to follow him. on Capt# Clark's arrival at camp he found that the 
  party dispatched for the baggage had returned in great confusion and 
  consternation leaving their loads in the plains; the men who were all 
  nearly naked and no covering on the head were sorely mawled with the hail 
  which was so large and driven with such force by the wind that it nocked 
  many of them (town and one particulary as many as three times most of them 
  were bleeding freely and complained of being much bruised. willow run 
  raised about 6 feet with this rain and the plains were so wet they could 
  do nothing more this evening. Capt# C# gave the party a dram to console 
  them in some measure for their general defeat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0748-1805-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Junne 29th Saltarday 1805 a little rain verry early this morning after 
  Clear, finding that the Prarie was So wet as to render it impossible to 
  pass on to the end of the portage, deturmined to Send hack to the top of 
  the hill at the Creek for the remaining part of the baggage left at that 
  place yesterday, leaveing one man to take care of the baggage at this 
  place. I deturmined any Self to proceed on to the falls and take the 
  river, according we all Set out. I took my Servent & one man Chabono 
  our Interpreter & his Squar accompanied, Soon after I arrived at the 
  falls, I perceived a Cloud which appeared black and threaten imediate 
  rain, I looked out for a Shelter but Could See no place without being in 
  great danger of being blown into the river if the wind Should prove as 
  turbelant as it is at Some times about 1/4 of a mile above the falls I 
  obsd a Deep rivein in which was Shelveing rocks under which we took 
  Shelter near the river and placed our guns the Compass &c# &c# 
  Under a Shelveing rock on the upper Side of the Creek, in a place which 
  was verry Secure from rain, the first Shower was moderate accompanied with 
  a violent wind, the effects of which we did not feel, Soon after a torrent 
  of rain and hail fell more violent than ever I Saw before, the rain fell 
  like one voley of water falling from the heavens and gave us time only to 
  get out of the way of a torrent of water which was Poreing down the hill 
  in the rivin with emence force tareing every thing before it takeing with 
  it large rocks & mud, I took my gun & Shot pouch in my left hand, 
  and with the right Scrambled up the hill pushing the Interpreters wife 
  (who had her Child in her arms) before me, the Interpreter himself makeing 
  attempts to pull up his wife by the hand much Scared and nearly without 
  motion ¬ we at length retched the top of the hill Safe where I found 
  my Servent in Serch of us greatly agitated, for our wellfar. before I got 
  out of the bottom of the revein which was a flat dry rock when I entered 
  it, the water was up to my waste & wet my watch, I Scrcely got out 
  before it raised 10 feet deep with a torrent which turrouble to behold, 
  and by the time I reached the top of the hill, at least 15 feet water, I 
  directed the party to return to the Camp at the run as fast as possible to 
  get to our lode where Clothes Could be got to Cover the Child whose 
  Clothes were all lost, and the woman who was but just recovering from a 
  Severe indispostion, and was wet and Cold, I was fearfull of a relaps I 
  caused her as also the others of the party to take a little Spirits, which 
  my Servent had in a Canteen, which revived verry much. on arrival at the 
  Camp on the willow run ¬ met the party who had returned in great Confusion 
  to the run leaveing their loads in the Plain, the hail & wind being So 
  large and violent in the plains, and them naked, they were much brused, 
  and Some nearly killed one knocked down three times, and others without 
  hats or any thing on their heads bloodey & Complained verry much; I 
  refreshed them with a little grog ¬ Soon after the run began to rise 
  and rose 6 feet in a few minits. I lost at the river in the torrent the 
  large Compas, an eligant fusee, Tomahawk Humbrallo, Shot pouh, & horn 
  wih powder & Ball, mockersons, & the woman lost her Childs Bear 
  & Clothes bedding &c# ¬ The Compass is a Serious loss; as we 
  have no other large one. The plains are So wet that we Can do nothing this 
  evining particilarly as two deep reveins are between ourselves & Load 
  = 
    <div style="height: 4em;"> 
  <br /><br /><br /><br /> 
    </div> 
    <p> 
  ==== <a name="link22H_4_0001" id="link22H_4_0001"> 
  <!--  H2 anchor --> </a> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0749-1805-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 30th 1805. 
  = 
    <h1> 
  We had a heavy dew this morning which is a remarkable event. Fraizer 
    </h1> 
    <p> 
  and Whitehouse still continue their opperation of sewing the skins 
  together. I set Shields and gass to shaving bark and Fields continued to 
  make the cross brases. Drewyer and myself rendered a considerable quantity 
  of tallow and cooked. I begin to be extremely impatient to be off as the 
  season is now waisting a pace nearly three months have now elapsed since 
  we left Fort Mandan and not yet reached the Rocky Mountains I am therefore 
  fully preswaded that we shall not reach Fort Mandan again this season if 
  we even return from the ocean to the Snake Indians. wherever we find 
  timber there is also beaver; Drewyer killed two today. There are a number 
  of large bat or goatsucker here I killed one of them and found that there 
  was no difference between them and those common to the U States; I have 
  not seen the leather winged bat for some time nor is there any of the 
  small goatsuckers in this quarter of the country. we have not the 
  whip~poor~will either. this last is by many persons in the U States 
  confounded with the large goat~sucker or night~hawk as it is called in the 
  Eastern States, and are taken for the same bird. it is true that there is 
  a great resemblance but they are distinct species of the goatsucker. here 
  the one exists without the other. the large goat sucker lays it's eggs in 
  these open plains without the preperation of a nest we have found their 
  eggs in several instances they lay only two before they set nor do I 
  beleive that they raise more than one brood in a season; they have now 
  just hatched their young. This evening the bark was shaved and the 
  leather covering for the sections were also completed and I had them put 
  into the water, in order to toughen the bark, and prepare the leather for 
  sewing on the sections in the morning. it has taken 28 Elk skins and 4 
  Buffaloe skins to complete her. the crossbars are also finished this 
  evening; we have therefore only the way strips now to obtain in order to 
  complete the wood work, and this I fear will be a difficult task. The 
  party have not returned from the lower camp I am therefore fearfull that 
  some uncommon accedent has happened. 
  = 
  Occurrences with Capt# Clark and Party 
  = 
  This morning Capt# Clark dispatched two men to kill some buffaloe, two 
  others to the falls to surch for the articles lost yesterday, one he 
  retained to cook and sent the others for the baggage left in the plains 
  yesterday. the hunters soon returned loaded with meat those sent for the 
  baggage brought it up in a few hours, he then set four men at work to make 
  axeltrees and repare the carrages; the others he employed in conveying the 
  baggage over the run on their sholders it having now fallent to about 3 
  feet water. the men complained much today of the bruises and wounds which 
  they had received yesterday from the hail. the two men sent to the falls 
  returned with the compas which they found covered in the mud and sand near 
  the mouth of the rivene the other articles were irrecoverably lost. they 
  found that part of rivene in; which Capt# C# had been seting yesterday, 
  filled with huge rocks. at 11 A#M# Capt# Clark dispatched the party with a 
  load of the baggage as far as the 6 miles stake, with orders to deposit it 
  there and return with the carriages which they did accordingly. they 
  experienced a heavy gust of wind this evening from the S# W# after which 
  it was a fair afternoon. more buffaloe than usual were seen about their 
  camp; Capt# C assured me that he beleives he saw at least ten thousand at 
  one view. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0750-1805-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  June 30th Sunday 1805. a fair morning, I dispatch the party except 5 for 
  the remaining baggage Scattered in the plains, two to hunt for meat, two 
  to the falls, and one to Cook at 10 oClock the hunters Came in loaded with 
  fat meat, & those were dispatched for the baggage returned with it. I 
  Set 4 men to make new axeltrees & repare the Carrages, others to take 
  the load across the run which had fallen & is about 3 feet water, men 
  Complain of being Swore this day dull and lolling about, The two men 
  dispatched in Serch of the articls lost yesterday returned and brought the 
  Compass which they found in the mud & Stones near the mouth of the 
  revein, no other articles found, the place I Sheltered under filled up 
  with hugh Rocks, I Set the party out at 11 oClock to take a load to the 6 
  mile Stake & return this evening, and I intend to take on the ballance 
  to the river tomorrow if the prarie will permit. at 3 oClock a Storm of 
  wind from the S# W# after which we had a clear evening. Great numbers of 
  Buffalow in every direction, I think 10,000 may be Seen in a view. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0751-1805-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 1st 1805. This morning I set Frazier and Whitehouse to sewing 
  the leather on the sides of the sections of the boat; Shields and J# 
  Fields to collect and split light wood and prepare a pit to make tar. Gas 
  I set at work to make the way strips out of some willow limbs which tho 
  indifferent were the best which could be obtained. Drewyer and myself 
  completed the opperation of rendering the tallow; we obtained about 100 
  lbs. by evening the skins were all attatched to their sections and I 
  returned them again to the water. all matters were now in readiness to 
  commence the opperation of puting the parts of the boat together in the 
  morning. the way strips are not yet ready but will be done in time as I 
  have obtained the necessary timber. the difficulty in obtaining the 
  necessary materials has retarded my operations in forming this boat 
  extreemly tedious and troublesome; and as it was a novel peice of 
  machinism to all who were employed my constant attention was necessary to 
  every part of the work; this together with the duties of cheif cook has 
  kept me pretty well employed. at 3 P#M# Capt# Clark arrived with the party 
  all very much fortiegued. he brought with him all the baggage except what 
  he had deposited yesterday at the six mile stake, for which the party were 
  too much fortiegued to return this evening. we gave them a dram and 
  suffered them to rest from their labours this evening. I directed Bratton 
  to assist in making the tar tomorrow, and scelected several others to 
  assist in puting the boat together. the day has been warm and the 
  Musquetoes troublesome of course the bear were about our camp all last 
  night, we have therefore determined to beat up their quarters tomorrow, 
  and kill them or drive them from their haunts about this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0752-1805-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  White Bear Islands above the Falls of the Missouri July 1st Monday 1805 I 
  arrived at this place to day at 3 oClock P#M# with the party from the 
  lower part of the portage much fatigued &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0753-1805-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 1st Monday 1805. We Set out early this morning with the remaining 
  load, and proceeded on verry well to Capt Lewis's Camp where we arrived at 
  3 oClock, the Day worm and party much fatigued, found Capt# Lewis and 
  party all buisey employd in fitting up the Iron boat, the wind hard from 
  the S, W, ¬ one man verry unwell, his legs & theis broke out and 
  Swelled the hail which fell at Capt# Lewis Camp 27 Ins was 7 Inches in 
  circumfrance & waied 3 ounces, fortunately for us it was not So large 
  in the plains, if it had we Should most certainly fallen victims to its 
  rage as the men were mostly naked, and but few with hats or any covering 
  on their heads, The hunters killed 3 white bear one large, the fore feet 
  of which measured 9 Inchs across, the hind feet 11 Inchs 3/4 long & 7 
  Inch's wide a bear nearly Catching Joseph Fields Chased him into the 
  water, bear about the Camp every night & Seen on an Isld# in the day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0754-1805-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 2cd 1805 A shower of rain fell very early this morning after 
  which we dispatched the men for the remaining baggage at the 6 mile stake. 
  Shields and Bratton seting their tarkiln, Sergts# Pryor and Gass at work 
  on the waystrips and myself and all other hands engaged in puting the boat 
  together which we accomplished in about 3 hours and I then set four men at 
  work sewing the leather over the cross bars of Iron on the inner side of 
  the boat, which form the ends of the sections. about 2 P#M# the party 
  returned with the baggage, all well pleased that they had completed the 
  laborious task of the portage. The Musquetoes uncommonly troublesome the 
  wind hard from the S# W# all day I think it possible that these almost 
  perpetual S# W# winds proceede from the agency of the Snowey Mountains and 
  the wide level and untimbered plains which streach themselves along their 
  bases for an immence distance (i e) that the air comeing in contact with 
  the snow is suddonly chilled and condenced, thus becoming heaver than the 
  air beneath in the plains, it glides down the sides of these mountains 
  & decends to the plains, where by the constant action of the sun on 
  the face of an untimbered country there is a partial vacuum formed for 
  it's reception. I have observed that the winds from this quarter are 
  always the coldest and most violent which we experience, yet I am far from 
  giving full credit to my own hypothesis on this subject; if hoever I find 
  on the opposite side of these mountains that the winds take a contrary 
  direction I shall then have more faith. After I had completed my 
  observation of Equal Altitudes today Capt# Clark Myself and 12 men passed 
  over to the large Island to hunt bear. the brush in that part of it where 
  the bear frequent is an almost impenetrable thicket of the broad leafed 
  willow; this brush we entered in small parties of 3 or four together and 
  surched in every part. we found one only which made at Drewyer and he shot 
  him in the brest at the distance of about 20 feet, the ball fortunately 
  passed through his heart, the stroke knocked the bear down and gave 
  Drewyer time to get out of his sight; the bear changed his course we 
  pursued him about a hundred yards by the blood and found him dead; we 
  surched the thicket in every part but found no other, and therefore 
  returned. this was a young male and would weigh about 400 lbs. the water 
  of the Missouri here is in most places about 10 feet deep. after our 
  return, in moving some of the baggage we caught a large rata it was 
  somewhat larger than the common European rat, of lighter colour; the body 
  and outer part of the legs and head of a light lead colour, the belly and 
  inner side of the legs white as were also the feet and years. the toes 
  were longer and the ears much larger than the common rat; the ears 
  uncovered with hair. the eyes were black and prominent the whiskers very 
  long and full. the tail was reather longer than the body and covered with 
  fine fur or poil of the same length and colour of the back. the fur was 
  very silkey close and short. I have frequently seen the nests of these 
  rats in clifts of rocks and hollow trees but never before saw one of them. 
  they feed very much on the fruit and seed of the prickly pear; or at least 
  I have seen large quantities of the hulls of that fruit lying about their 
  holes and in their nests. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0755-1805-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 2nd Tuesday 1805 Some rain at day light this morning. dispatched the 
  party for the remaining baggage left at the 6 mile Stake, they returned in 
  the evening and we Crossed to a large Island nearly opposit to us to kill 
  bear which has been Seen frequently in the Island, we killed one bear 
  & returned at Sun Set. The Roreing of the falls for maney miles above 
  us 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0756-1805-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 2nd Tuesday 1805 Some rain at day light this morn'g after which a 
  fair morning, dispatched the men for the Kegs &c# left at the Six mile 
  Stake, others to get timber for the boat &c# Musquetors verry 
  troublesom to day, day worm, after the return of the men with the articles 
  left at the 6 mile Stake Capt# Lewis my Self & 12 men Crossed to an 
  Island on which we Saw a bear the evening before, & Several had been 
  Seen by the party at this place, we killed one of the bear and returned. 
  The river at this place is  ¿¿  yards wide and about 10 feet water Cought 
  a rat in our Stores, which had done some mischief, this rat was about the 
  Sise of a Comn# large rat, larger ears, long whiskers & toes, with a 
  tail long & hairey like a ground Squirel, verry fine fur and lighter 
  than the Common rat. Wind to day as usial from the S# W# and hard all the 
  after part of the day, those winds are also Cool and generally verry hard. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0757-1805-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 3rd 1805. This morning early we employed all hands; some 
  were making tar or attempting to make it, others were attatching the skins 
  on the boat, other cuting and fiting the bark for lining puting in the 
  woodworke &c some hunters were sent out to kill buffaloe in order to 
  make pemecon to take with us and also for their skins which we now want to 
  cover our baggage in the boat and canoes when we depart from hence. the 
  Indians have informed us that we should shortly leave the buffaloe country 
  after passing the falls; this I much regret for I know when we leave the 
  buffaloe that we shal sometimes be under the necessity of fasting 
  occasionally. and at all events the white puddings will be irretreivably 
  lost and Sharbono out of imployment. our tar~kiln which ought to have 
  began to run this morning has yealded no tar as yet and I am much affraid 
  will not yeald any, if so I fear the whole opperation of my boat will be 
  useless. I fear I have committed another blunder also in sewing the skins 
  with a nedle which has sharp edges these have cut the skin and as it drys 
  I discover that the throng dose not fill the holes as I expected tho I 
  made them sew with a large throng for that purpose. at 10 OCk A#M# we had 
  a slight shower which scarcely wet the grass. One buffaloe only and 2 
  Antelopes killed today six beaver and 2 otter have been killed within the 
  last three days. The current of the river looks so gentle and inviting 
  that the men all seem anxious to be moving upward as well as ourselves. we 
  have got the boat prety well forward today and think we shall be able to 
  complete her tomorrow except paying her, to do which will require some 
  little time to make her first perfectly dry. she has assumed her shape and 
  looks extreemly well. She will be very light, more so than any vessel of 
  her size that I ever saw. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0758-1805-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 3rd Wednesday 1805 all of party employd in Sowing the Skins to the 
  boat, burning Tare, preparing timber, hunting buffalow for their meat 
  & Skins, drying & repacking the Stores, Goods &c# &c# at 1 
  oClock began to rain. in the evening the hunters killed two antilopes 
  & a Buffalow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0759-1805-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 3rd Wednesday 1805 A fine morning wind from the S# W all the party 
  employd, Some about the boat, attaching the Skins & Sowing them to the 
  Sections, others prepareing timber, Some, burning tar of the drift pine, 
  Some airring and repacking the Stores & Goods, & others hunting 
  for Meet to make pemitigon & for the use of their Skins to Cover the 
  Canoes & boat. a Small Shower at 1 oClock which did Scercely wet the 
  grass. one buffalow and two Antilopes Killed this evening. Six beaver 
  & 2 orters has been Killed at this camp within a fiew days we discover 
  no fish above the falls as yet ¬ the only timber in this part of the 
  Countrey is willow, a fiew Cotton trees which is neither large nor tall, 
  Boxalders and red wood. (Boil roche arrow wood) 
  = 
  The water tolerably clear and Soft in the river, Current jentle and 
  bottoms riseing from the water; no appearance of the river riseing more 
  than a few feet above the falls, as high up as we have yet explored. but 
  few trees on the Std Side the grass is high and fine near the river. the 
  winds has blown for Several days from the S# W# I think it possible that 
  those almost perpetial S W# winds, proceed from the agency of the Snowey 
  mountains and the wide leavel and untimbered plains which Streach 
  themselves along their borders for an emence distance, that the air 
  comeing in Contact with the Snow is Suddenly chilled and condensed, thus 
  becomeing heavyer than the air beneath in the plains it glides down the 
  Sides of those mountains and decends to the plains, where by the constant 
  action of the Sun on the face of the untimbered country there is a partial 
  vacuom formed for it's reception I have observed that the winds from this 
  quarter is always the Coaldest and most violent which we experience, yet I 
  am far from giveing full credit to this hypothesis on this Subject; if I 
  find however on the opposit Side of these mountains that the winds take a 
  contrary direction I Shall then have full faith. (The winds take a 
  contrary direction in the morning or from the mountains on the west Side) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0760-1805-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 4th 1805. Yesterday we permitted Sergt# Gass McNeal and 
  several others who had not yet seen the falls to visit them. no appearance 
  of tar yet and I am now confident that we shall not be able to obtain any; 
  a serious misfortune. I employed a number of hands on the boat today and 
  by 4 P#M# in the evening completed her except the most difficult part of 
  the work that of making her seams secure. I had her turned up and some 
  small fires kindled underneath to dry her. Capt# C# completed a draught of 
  the river from Fort Mandan to this place which we intend depositing at 
  this place in order to guard against accedents. not having seen the Snake 
  Indians or knowing in fact whether to calculate on their friendship or 
  hostility or friendship we have conceived our party sufficiently small and 
  therefore have concluded not to dispatch a canoe with a part of our men to 
  St# Louis as we had intended early in the spring. we fear also that such a 
  measure might possibly discourage those who would in such case remain, and 
  might possibly hazzard the fate of the expedition. we have never once 
  hinted to any one of the party that we had such a scheme in contemplation, 
  and all appear perfectly to have made up their minds to suceed in the 
  expedition or purish in the attempt. we all beleive that we are now about 
  to enter on the most perilous and difficult part of our voyage, yet I see 
  no one repining; all appear ready to met those difficulties which wait us 
  with resolution and becoming fortitude. we had a heavy dew this morning. 
  the clouds near these mountains rise suddonly and discharge their contents 
  partially on the neighbouring plains; the same cloud will discharge hail 
  alone in one part hail and rain in another and rain only in a third all 
  within the space of a few miles; and on the Mountains to the S# E# of us 
  sometimes snow. at present there is no snow on those mountains; that which 
  covered them when we first saw them and which has fallen on them several 
  times since has all disappeared. the Mountains to the N# W# & W# of us 
  are still entirely covered are white and glitter with the reflection of 
  the sun. I do not beleive that the clouds which prevail at this season of 
  the year reach the summits of those lofty mountains; and if they do the 
  probability is that they deposit snow only for there has been no 
  perceptible deminution of the snow which they contain since we first saw 
  them. I have thought it probable that these mountains might have derived 
  their appellation of shining Mountains, from their glittering appearance 
  when the sun shines in certain directions on the snow which covers them. 
  since our arrival at the falls we have repeatedly witnessed a nois which 
  proceeds from a direction a little to the N# of West as loud and 
  resembling precisely the discharge of a piece of ordinance of 6 pounds at 
  the distance of three miles. I was informed of it by the men several times 
  before I paid any attention to it, thinking it was thunder most probably 
  which they had mistaken at length walking in the plains the other day I 
  heard this noise very distictly, it was perfectly calm clear and not a 
  cloud to be seen, I halted and listened attentively about an hour during 
  which time I heard two other discharges and tok the direction of the sound 
  with my pocket compass. I have no doubt but if I had leasure I could find 
  from whence it issued. I have thout it probable that it might be caused by 
  runing water in some of the caverns of those immence mountains, on the 
  principal of the blowing caverns; but in such case the sounds would be 
  periodical & regular, which is not the case with this, being sometimes 
  heard once only and at other times, six or seven discharges in quick 
  succession. it is heard also at different seasons of the day and night. I 
  am at a loss to account for this phenomenon. our work being at an end this 
  evening, we gave the men a drink of sperits, it being the last of our 
  stock, and some of them appeared a little sensible of it's effects the 
  fiddle was plyed and they danced very merrily untill 9 in the evening when 
  a heavy shower of rain put an end to that part of the amusement tho they 
  continued their mirth with songs and festive jokes and were extreemly 
  merry untill late at night. we had a very comfortable dinner, of bacon, 
  beans, suit dumplings & buffaloe beaf &c# in short we had no just 
  cause to covet the sumptuous feasts of our countrymen on this day. one 
  Elk and a beaver were all that was killed by the hunters today; the 
  buffaloe seem to have withdrawn themselves from this neighbourhood; tho 
  the men inform us that they are still abundant about the falls. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0761-1805-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
   ,July the 4th Thursday 1805 A fine morning, a heavy dew last night, all 
  hands employed in Completeing the leather boat, gave the Party a dram 
  which made Several verry lively, a black Cloud came up from the S# W, and 
  rained a fiew drops I employ my Self drawing a Copy of the river to be 
  left at this place for fear of Some accident in advance, I have left 
  buried below the falls a Map of the Countrey below Fort Mandan with 
  Sundery private papers the party amused themselves danceing untill late 
  when a Shower of rain broke up the amusement, all lively and Chearfull, 
  one Elk and a beaver kill'd to day. our Tar kill like to turn out nothing 
  from the following cause. 
  = 
  The climate about the falls of Missouri appears to be Singular Cloudy 
  every day (Since our arrival near them) which rise from defferent 
  directions and discharge themselves partially in the plains & 
  mountains, in Some places rain others rain & hail, hail alone, and on 
  the mountains in Some parts Snow. a rumbling like Cannon at a great 
  distance is heard to the west if us; the Cause we Can't account 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0762-1805-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 5th 1805. This morning I had the boat removed to an open 
  situation, scaffold her off the ground, turned her keel to the sun and 
  kindled fires under her to dry her more expeditiously. I then set a couple 
  of men to pounding of charcoal to form a composition with some beeswax 
  which we have and buffaloe tallow now my only hope and resource for paying 
  my boat; I sincerely hope it may answer yet I fear it will not. the boat 
  in every other rispect completely answers my most sanguine expectation; 
  she is not yet dry and eight men can carry her with the greatest ease; she 
  is strong and will carry at least 8,000 lbs# with her suit of hands; her 
  form is as complete as I could wish it. the stitches begin to gape very 
  much since she has began to dry; I am now convinced this would not have 
  been the case had the skins been sewed with a sharp point only and the 
  leather not cut by the edges of a sharp nedle. about 8 A M# a large herd 
  of buffaloe came near our camp and Capt# Clark with a party of the hunters 
  indeavoured to get a shoot at them but the wind proved unfavourable and 
  they ran off; the hunters pursued and killed three of them; we had most of 
  the meat brought in and set a party to drying it. their skins were all 
  brought in and streached to dry for the purpose of covering the baggage. 2 
  Wolves and three Antelopes also killed today. we permitted three other men 
  to visit the falls today; these were the last of the party who had not as 
  yet indulged themselves with this grand and interesting seen. the buffaloe 
  again appear in great numbers about our camp and seem to be moving down 
  the river. it is somewhat remarkable that altho you may see ten or a 
  douzen herds of buffaloe distinctly scattered and many miles distant yet 
  if they are undisturbed by pursuit, they will all be traveling in one 
  direction. the men who were permitted to visit the falls today returned in 
  the evening and reported that the buffaloe were very numerous in that 
  quarter; and as the country is more broken near the river in that quarter 
  we conclude to dispatch a couple of canoes tomorrow with some hunters to 
  kill as many as will answer our purposes. 
  = 
  The plains in this part of the country are not so fertile as below the 
  entrance of the Cockkle or missel shell river and from thence down the 
  Missouri there is also much more stone on the sides of the hills and on 
  the broken lands than below. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0763-1805-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 5th Friday 1805 A fine morning and but little wind, worm and Sultrey 
  at 8 oClock ¬ I Saw a large gangue of Buffalow and prosued them with 
  Several men the wind was unfavourable and we Could not get near them, the 
  party Scattered & Killed 3 buffalow and brought in their Skins and 
  Some meat, Killed 2 wolves & 3 Antilopes for their Skins, Capt# Lewis 
  much engaged in Completeing the Leather boat. Three men went to See the 
  Falls, Saw great numbers of Buffalow on both Sides of the river. great 
  numbers of young black birds 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0764-1805-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday July 6th 1805 In the couse of last night had several showers of 
  hail and rain attended with thunder and lightning. about day a heavy storm 
  came on from the S W attended with hail rain and a continued roar of 
  thunder and some lightning. the hail was as large as musket balls and 
  covered the ground perfectly. we hand some of it collected which kept very 
  well through the day and served to cool our water. These showers and gusts 
  keep my boat wet in dispite of my exertions. she is not yet ready for the 
  grease and coal. after the hail and rain was over this morning we 
  dispatched 4 hunters and two canoes to the head of the rappids as we had 
  determined last evening. the red and yellow courants are now ripe and 
  abundant, they are reather ascid as yet. There is a remarkable small fox 
  which ascociate in large communities and burrow in the praries something 
  like the small wolf but we have not as yet been able to obtain one of 
  them; they are extreemly watchfull and take reffuge in their burrows which 
  are very deep; we have seen them no where except near these falls. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0765-1805-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 6th Satturday 1805 a heavy wind from the S W and Some rain about mid 
  night last, at day light this morning a verry black Cloud from the S W, 
  with a Contined rore of thunder & Some lightening and rained and 
  hailed tremendiously for about 1/2 an hour, the hail was the Size of a 
  musket ball and Covered the ground. this hail & rain was accompand. by 
  a hard wind which lasted for a fiew minits. Cloudy all the forepart of the 
  day, after Part Clear. dispatched 4 men in 2 Canoes to the falls, to kill 
  Buffalow, for their Skins & Meat others employd about the boat, I 
  cought Some Small fish this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0766-1805-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 7th 1805. The weather warm and cloudy therefore unfavourable 
  for many operations; I keep small fires under the boat; the blowing flies 
  are innumerable about it; the moisture retained by the bark prevents it 
  from drying as fast as it otherwise would. we dispatched two other hunters 
  to kill Elk or buffaloe for their skins to cover our baggage. we have no 
  tents; the men are therefore obliged to have recourse to the sails for 
  shelter from the weather and we have not more skins than are sufficient to 
  cover our baggage when stoed away in bulk on land. many of the men are 
  engaged in dressing leather to cloath themselves. their leather cloathes 
  soon become rotton as they are much exposed to the water and frequently 
  wet. Capt# Clarks black man York is very unwell today and he gave him a 
  doze of tartar emettic which operated very well and he was much better in 
  the evening. this is a discription of medecine that I nevr have recourse 
  to in my practice except in cases of the intermittent fever. this evening 
  the hunters returned with the canoes and brought thre buffaloe skins only 
  and two Antelope 4 deer and three wolf skins; they reported that the 
  buffaloe had gone further down the river. the two hunters whom we sent out 
  from hence returned also without having killed anything except one Elk. I 
  set one of the party at work to make me some sacks of the wolf skins, to 
  transport my Instruments when occasion requirs their being carried any 
  distance by land. we had a light shower of rain about 4 P#M# 
  attended with some thunder and lightning. one beaver caught this morning. 
  the musquetoes are excessively troublesome to us. I have prepared my 
  composition which I should have put on this evening but the rain prevented 
  me. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0767-1805-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 7th Sunday 1805 A Warm day wind from the S# W Cloudy as usial, the 
  four men hunters did not return last night. dispatched 2 men to kill Elk 
  for the use of their Skin for the boat. my man York Sick, I give him a 
  dosh of Tarter. Some rain in the after part of the day in the evining the 
  hunters returned with three buffalow Skins two goat Skins, four Deer 
  Skins, two deer, & 3 wolve Skins, to be used in Covering the boat 
  Canoes & to make mockersons, one Elk also killed to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0768-1805-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 8th 1805. Capt# Clark Determined to make a second effort to 
  replace the notes which he had made with rispect to the river and falls 
  accordingly he set out after an early breakfast and took with him the 
  greater part of the men with a view also to kill buffaloe should there be 
  any in that quarter. after geting some distance in the plains he divided 
  the party and sent them in different directions and himself and two others 
  struck the Missouri at the entrance of medicine river and continued down 
  it to the great Cataract, from whence he returned through the plains to 
  camp where he arrived late in the evening. the hunters also returned 
  having killed 3 buffaloe 2 Antelopes and a deer. he informed me that the 
  immence herds of buffaloe which we had seen for some time past in this 
  neighbourhood have almost entirely disappeared and he beleives are gone 
  down the river. 
  = 
  The day being warm and fair about 12 OCk# the boat was sufficiently dry to 
  receive a coat of the composition which I accordingly applyed. this adds 
  very much to her appearance whether it will be effectual or not. it gives 
  her hull the appearance of being formed of one solid piece. after the 
  first coat had cooled I gave her a second which I think has made it 
  sufficiently thick. The mountains which ly before us from the South, to 
  the N# W# still continue covered with snow. one hunter also passed the 
  river to hunt this morning in the evening he returned having killed a Buck 
  and a male Antelope. The party who were down with Capt# Clark also killed 
  a small fox which they brought with them. it was a female appeared to give 
  suck, otherwise it is so much like the comm small fox of this country 
  commonly called the kit fox that I should have taken it for a young one of 
  that species; however on closer examination it did apear to differ 
  somewhat; it's colour was of a lighter brown, it's years proportionably 
  larger, and the tale not so large or the hair not so long which formed it. 
  they are very delicately formed, exceedingly fleet, and not as large as 
  the common domestic cat. their tallons appear longer than any species of 
  fox I ever saw and seem therefore prepared more amply by nature for the 
  purpose of burrowing. there is sufficient difference for discrimination 
  between it and the kit fox, and to satisfy me perfectly that it is a 
  distinct species. the men also brought me a living ground squirrel which 
  is something larger than those of the U States or those of that kind which 
  are also common here. this is a much hadsomer anamal. like the other it's 
  principal colour is a redish brown but is marked longitudinally with a 
  much greater number of black or dark bron stripes; the spaces between 
  which is marked by ranges of pure white circular spots, about the size of 
  a brister blue shot. these colours imbrace the head neck back and sides; 
  the tail is flat, or the long hair projecting horizontally from two sides 
  of it only gives it that appearance. the belly and breast are of much 
  lighter brown or nearly white. this is an inhabitant of the open plain 
  altogether, wher it burrows and resides; nor is it like the other found 
  among clifts of rocks or in the woodlands. their burrows sometimes like 
  those of the mole run horizontally near the surface of the ground for a 
  considerable distance, but those in which they reside or take refuge 
  strike much deeper in the earth. Slight rain this afternoon. 
  musquetoes troublesome as usual. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0769-1805-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 8th Monday 1805 A worm morning flying Clouds I deturmin take the 
  width of the river at the falls & the Medison river and to take the 
  greater part of the men which Can be Speared to Kill Buffalow for their 
  Skins as well as meat, devided the party & Sent them in different 
  directions to hunt & proceeded my Self to the mouth of Medison river 
  measured it and found it to be 137 yards wide, in the narrowest part of 
  the Missouri imediately above Medison river the Missouri is 300 yards 
  wide, below and a little above the falls 1440 yards wide with the 
  direction of the upper great fall 580 yards wide, at the great Spring 270 
  yards wide, at the handsom falls of 47 ft. 8 I# the river is 473 yards 
  wide, at the lower great falls the river is confined within 280 yards, 
  below the falls the water occupies 93 yards only ¬ after takeing the 
  wedth of the river at those Sundery placies I returned thro the plains in 
  a direct line to Camp. Some rain this evening after a verry hot day. the 
  mountains which are in view to the South & N W# are Covered with Snow. 
  those nearer us and forma 3/4 Circle around us is not Covered with Snow at 
  this time. The hunters killed 3 buffalow, two antelopes, & a Deer to 
  day ¬ the emence herds of buffalow which was near us a fiew days ago, 
  has proceeded on down the river, we Can See but a fiew Bulls in the plains 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0770-1805-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 9th 1805. The morning was fair and pleant. the Islands seem 
  crouded with blackbirds; the young brude is now completely feathered and 
  flying in common with the others. we corked the canoes and put them in the 
  water and also launched the boat, she lay like a perfect cork on the 
  water. five men would carry her with the greatest ease. I now directed 
  seats to be fixed in her and oars to be fitted. the men loaded the canoes 
  in readiness to depart. just at this moment a violent wind commenced and 
  blew so hard that we were obliged to unload the canoes again; a part of 
  the baggage in several of them got wet before it could be taken out. the 
  wind continued violent untill late in the evening, by which time we 
  discovered that a greater part of the composition had seperated from the 
  skins and left the seams of the boat exposed to the water and she leaked 
  in such manner that she would not answer. I need not add that this 
  circumstance mortifyed me not a little; and to prevent her leaking without 
  pich was impossible with us, and to obtain this article was equally 
  impossible, therefore the evil was irraparable I now found that the 
  section formed of the buffaloe hides on which some hair had been left, 
  answered much the best purpose; this leaked but little and the parts which 
  were well covered with hair about 1/8th of an inch in length retained the 
  composition perfectly and remained sound and dry. from these circumstances 
  I am preswaided, that had I formed her with buffaloe skins singed not 
  quite as close as I had done those I employed, that she would have 
  answered even with this composition. but to make any further experiments 
  in our present situation seemed to me madness; the buffaloe had 
  principally dserted us, and the season was now advancing fast. I therefore 
  relinquished all further hope of my favorite boat and ordered her to be 
  sunk in the water, that the skins might become soft in order the better to 
  take her in peices tomorrow and deposite the iron fraim at this place as 
  it could probably be of no further service to us. had I only singed my Elk 
  skins in stead of shaving them I beleive the composition would have 
  remained and the boat have answered; at least untill we could have reached 
  the pine country which must be in advance of us from the pine which is 
  brought down by the water and which is probably at no great distance where 
  we might have supplyed ourselves with the necessary pich or gum. but it 
  was now too late to introduce a remidy and I bid a dieu to my boat, and 
  her expected services. The next difficulty which presented itself 
  was how we should convey the stores and baggage which we had purposed 
  carrying in the boat. both Capt# Clark and myself recollected having heard 
  the hunters mention that the bottoms of the river some few miles above us 
  were much better timbered than below and that some of the trees were 
  large. the idea therefore suggested itself of building two other canoes 
  sufficiently large to carry the surplus baggage. on enquiry of the hunters 
  it seemed to be the general opinion that trees sufficiently a large for 
  this purpose might be obtained in a bottom on the opposite side about 8 
  miles distant by land and reather more than double that distance by water; 
  accordingly Capt# Clark determined to set out early in the morning with 
  ten of the best workmen and proceede by land to that place while the 
  others would in the mean time be employed by myself in taking the Boat in 
  peices and depositing her, together with the articles which we had 
  previously determined to deposit at this place, and also in trasporting 
  all the baggage up the river to that point in the six small canoes. this 
  plan being settled between us orders were accordingly given to the party, 
  and the ten men who were to accompany Capt# Clark had ground and prepared 
  their axes and adds this evening in order to prepare for an early 
  departure in the morning. we have on this as well as on many former 
  occasions found a small grindstone which I brought with me from Harper's 
  ferry extreemly convenient to us. if we find trees at the place mentioned 
  sufficiently large for our purposes it will be extreemly fortunate; for we 
  have not seen one for many miles below the entrance of musselshell River 
  to this place, which would have answered. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0771-1805-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 9th Tuesday 1805 a clear worm morning wind from the S W# Lanced the 
  Leather boat, and found that it leaked a little; Corked Lanced & 
  loaded the Canoes, hurried our truk wheels, & made a Carsh for a Skin 
  & a fiew papers I intend to leave here on trial found the leather boat 
  would not answer without the addition of Tar which we had none of, haveing 
  Substituted Cole & Tallow in its place to Stop the Seams &c# which 
  would not answer as it Seperated from the Skins when exposed to the water 
  and left the Skins naked & Seams exposed to the water this falire of 
  our favourate boat was a great disapointment to us, we haveing more 
  baggage than our Canoes would Carry. Concluded to build Canoes for to 
  Carry them; no timber near our Camp. I deturmined to proceed on up the 
  river to a bottom in which our hunters reported was large Trees &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0772-1805-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 10th 1805. Capt# Clark set out with his party early this 
  morning and passed over to the opposite side. after which I dispatched 
  Sergt# Ordway with 4 Canoes and 8 men to take up a load of baggage as far 
  as Capt# Clark's camp and return for the remainder of our plunder. with 
  six others I now set to work on my boat, which had been previously drawn 
  out of the water before the men departed, and in two hours had her fraim 
  in readiness to be deposited. had a cash dug and deposited the Fraim of 
  the boat, some papers and a few other trivial articles of but little 
  importance. the wind blew very hard the greater part of the day. I also 
  had the truck wheels buried in the pit which had been made to hold the 
  tar. having nothing further to do I amused myself in fishing and caught a 
  few small fish; they were of the species of white chub mentioned below the 
  falls, tho they are small and few in number. I had thought on my first 
  arrival here that there were no fish in this part of the river. Capt# 
  Clark proceeded up the river 8 miles by land (distance by water 231/4) and 
  found 2 trees of Cottonwood and cut them down; one proved to be hollow and 
  split in falling at the upper part and was somewhat windshaken at bottom; 
  the other proved to be much windshaken. he surched the bottom for better 
  but could not find any he therefore determined to make canoes of those 
  which he had fallen; and to contract their length in such manner as to 
  clear the craks and the worst of the windsken parts making up the 
  deficiency by allowing them to be as wide as the trees would permit. they 
  were much at a loss for wood to make axhandles. the Chokecherry is the 
  best we can procure for this purpose and of that wood they made and broke 
  thir 13 handles in the course of this part of a day. had the eyes of our 
  axes been round they would have answered this country much better. the 
  musquetoes were very troublesome to them as well as ourselves today. 
  Sergt# Ordway proceeded up the river about 5 miles when the wind became so 
  violent that he was obliged to ly by untill late in the evening when he 
  again set out with the canoes and arrived within 3 miles of Capt# Clark's 
  Camp where he halted for the night. about five miles above whitebear camp 
  there are two Islands in the river covered with Cottonwood box alder and 
  some sweet willow also the undergrowth like that of the islands at this 
  place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0773-1805-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 10th Wednesday 1805 a fair windey day wind hard the most of the day 
  from the S# W#rained modderately all last night (by Showers) we dispatched 
  Serjt# Ordway with 4 Canoes loaded & 8 men by water to assend as high 
  as I Should have found timber for Canoes & formed a Camp; . I Set out 
  with Sergt# Pryor four Choppers two Involids & one man to hunt, 
  Crossed to the Std# Side and proceeded on up the river 8 miles by land 
  (distance by water 231/4 ms#) and found two Trees which I thought would 
  make Canoes, had them fallen, one of them proved to be hollow & Split 
  at one End & verry much win Shaken at the other, the other much win 
  Shaken, we Serched the bottoms for better trees and made a trial of 
  Several which proved to be more indifferent. I deturmined to make Canoes 
  out of the two first trees we had fallen, to Contract thir length so as to 
  clear the hollow & winshakes, & ad to the width as much as the 
  tree would allow. The Musquitors emencely noumerous & troublesom, 
  Killed two deer & a goat. The Canoes did not arrive as I expected, 
  owing to the hard wind which blew a head in maney places. we ar much at a 
  loss for wood to make ax hilthes,13 hath been made & broken in this 
  piece of a day by the four Choppers, no other wood but Cotton Box elder 
  Choke Cherry and red arrow wood. we Substitute the Cherry in place of 
  Hickory for ax hilthes ram rods, &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0774-1805-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 11th 1805. We had now nothing to do but wait for the canoes; 
  as they had not returned I sent out some of the small party with me to 
  hunt; in the evening they returned with a good quantity of the flesh of a 
  fat buffaloe which they had killed. the canoes not arrived this evening. I 
  saw several very large grey Eagles today they are a half as large again as 
  the common bald Eagle of this country. I do not think the bald Eagle here 
  qute so large as those of the U States; the grey Eagle is infinitely 
  larger and is no doubt a distinct species. this evening a little before 
  the sun set I heared two other discharges of this unaccounable artillery 
  of the Rocky Mountains proceeding from the same quarter that I had before 
  heard it. I now recollected the Minnetares making mention of the nois 
  which they had frequently heard in the Rocky Mountains like thunder; and 
  which they said the mountains made; but I paid no attention to the 
  information supposing it either false or the fantom of a supersticious 
  immagination. I have also been informed by the engages that the Panis and 
  Ricaras give the same account of the Black mountains which lye West of 
  them. this phenomenon the philosophy of the engages readily accounts for; 
  they state it to be the bursting of the rich mines of silver which these 
  mountains contain. 
  = 
  This morning Capt# Clark dispatched Bratton to meet the canoes which were 
  detained by the wind to get a couple of axes. he obtained the axes and 
  returned in about two hours. this man has been unable to work for several 
  days in consequence of a whitlow on one of his fingers; a complaint which 
  has been very common among the men. one of the canoes arrived at Capt# 
  Clarks camp about 10 A#M# this he had unloaded and set a few miles up the 
  river for a buffaloe which had been killed, the party sent killed another 
  in thir rout and brought in the flesh and skins of both they were in good 
  order; his hunters had also killed two deer and an Antelope yesterday. the 
  three other canoes did not arrive untill late in the evening in 
  consequence of the wind and the fear of weting their loads which consisted 
  of articles much more liable to be injured by moisture than those which 
  composed the load of that which arrived in the morning. Capt# C# had the 
  canoes unloaded and ordered them to float down in the course of the night 
  to my camp, but the wind proved so high after night that they were obliged 
  to put too about 8 miles above and remain untill morning. Capt# C# kept 
  the party with him busily engaged at the canoes. his hunters killed and 
  brought in three very fat deer this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0775-1805-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 11th Thursday 1805 a fair windey morning wind S# W# I dispatch W 
  Bratten (who cannot work he haveing a turner rising on his finger) to meat 
  the Canoes & bring from them two axes, which is necessary for the work 
  at the perogues or Canoes, and is indespenceable he returned in about two 
  hours & informed that one Canoe was within three miles, about 1 oClock 
  the Canoe which Bratten left arrived haveing killed a Buffalow on the 
  river above our Camp, at which place the bend of the river below & 
  that above is about 1 mile apart, I dispatched Serjt# Pryor with 3 men in 
  the Canoe to get the meat they killed another buffalow near the one killed 
  and brought the meat of both down. at Sunset the 3 remaining Canoes 
  arrived unloaded & returned imeadeately with orders to flote down to 
  Camp at the portage to night for the purpose of takeing up the remaining 
  baggage. Musquitors verry troublesom, and in addition to their torments we 
  have a Small Knat, which is as disagreeable, our hunter killed 3 Deer to 
  day one of them verry fat. all the men with me engaged about the Canoes 
  hunting &c# &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0776-1805-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 12th 1805. The canoes not having arrived and the wind still 
  high I dispatched Sergt# Gass with three men to join Capt# Clark and 
  assist in completing the canoes retaining only a few who in addition to 
  those in the canoes that I expect every moment, will be sufficient to man 
  the six canoes and take up all the baggage we have here at one load. I 
  feel excessively anxious to be moving on. the canoes were detained by the 
  wind untill 2 P#M# when they set out and arrived at this place so late 
  that I thought it best to detain them untill morning. Bratton came down 
  today for a cople of axes which I sent by him; he returned immediately. 
  Sergt# Gass and party joined Capt# Clark at 10 A#M# Capt# C# kept all the 
  men with him busily engaged some in drying meat, others in hunting, and as 
  many as could be employed about the canoes. Segt# Pryor got his sholder 
  dislocated yesterday, it was replaced immediately and is likely to do him 
  but little injury; it is painfull to him today. the hunters with Capt# C# 
  killed three deer and two otter today. the otter are now plenty since the 
  water has become sufficiently clear for them to take fish. the blue 
  crested fisher, or as they are sometimes called the Kingfisher, is an 
  inhabitant of this part of the country; this bird is very rare on the 
  Missouri; I have not seen more than three or four of those birds during my 
  voyage from the entrance of the Missouri to the mouth of Maria's river and 
  those few were reather the inhabitants of streams of clerer water which 
  discharged themselves into the Missouri than of that river, as they were 
  seen about the entrances of such streams. Musquetoes extreemly troublesome 
  to me today nor is a large black knat less troublesome, which dose not 
  sting, but attacks the eye in swarms and compells us to brush them off or 
  have our eyes filled with them. I made the men dry the ballance of the 
  freshe meet which we had abot the camp amounting to about 200 lbs# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0777-1805-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 12th Friday 1805 a fair windey morning wind from the S# W# all hands 
  at work at Day light Some at the Canoes, & others drying meat for our 
  voyage ¬  Dispatched W# Brattin to the lower Camp for two axes which are 
  necessary to carry on our work at this place &#. Serjt# Pryors Sholder 
  was put out of place yesterday Carrying Meat and is painfull to day. wind 
  hard all day dispatched 2 hunters, they returnd in the evening with three 
  Deer & 2 orters. four men arrived from the lower Camp by land to 
  assist at this place in building the Canoes &c# musquitors & knats 
  verry troublesom all day. a fiew wild pigions about our Camp. 
  = 
   <a name="link22H_4_0030" id="link22H_4_0030"> 
  <!--  H2 anc --> 
  <!-- hor --> </a> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0778-1805-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday July 13th 1805. This morning being calm and Clear I had the 
  remainder of our baggage embarked in the six small canoes and maned them 
  with two men each. I now bid a cheerfull adue to my camp and passed over 
  to the opposite shore. Baptiest La Page one of the men whom I had reserved 
  to man the canoes being sick I sent Charbono in his stead by water and the 
  sick man and Indian woman accompanyed me by land. from the head of the 
  white bear Islands I passed in a S# W# direction and struck the Missouri 
  at 3 miles and continued up it to Capt# Clark's camp where I arrived about 
  9 A#M# and found them busily engaged with their canoes Meat &c# in my 
  way I passed a very extraordinary Indian lodge, or at least the fraim of 
  one; it was formed of sixteen large cottonwood poles each about fifty feet 
  long and at their larger end which rested on the ground as thick as a 
  man's body; these were arranged in a circular manner at bottom and equally 
  distributed except the omission of one on the East side which I suppose 
  was the entrance to the lodge; the upper part of the poles are united in a 
  common point above and secured with large wyths of willow brush. in the 
  center of this fabric there was the remains of a large fire; and about the 
  place the marks of about 80 leather lodges. I know not what was the 
  intention or design of such a lodge but certain I am that it was not 
  designed for a dwelling of anyone family. it was 216 feet in 
  circumpherence at the base. it was most probably designed for some great 
  feast, or a council house on some great national concern. I never saw a 
  similar one nor do the nations lower down the Missouri construct such. The 
  canoes and party with Sergt# Ordway poceeded up the river about 5 miles 
  when the wind became so violent that two of the canoes shiped a 
  considerable quanty of water and they were compelled to put too take out 
  the baggage to dry and clense the canoes of the water. about 5 P#M# the 
  wind abated and they came on about 8 miles further and encamped. I saw a 
  number of turtledoves and some pigeons today. of the latter I shot one; 
  they are the same common to the United States, or the wild pigeon as they 
  are called. nothing remarkable in the appearance of the country; the 
  timber entirely confined to the river and the country back on either side 
  as far as the eye can reach entirely destitute of trees or brush. the 
  timber is larger and more abundant in the bottom in which we now are than 
  I have seen it on the Missouri for many hundred miles. the current of the 
  river is still extreemly gentle. The hunters killed three buffaloe today 
  which were in good order. the flesh was brought in dryed the skins wer 
  also streached for covering our baggage. we eat an emensity of meat; it 
  requires 4 deer, an Elk and a deer, or one buffaloe, to supply us 
  plentifully 24 hours. meat now forms our food prinsipally as we reserve 
  our flour parched meal and corn as much as possible for the rocky 
  mountains which we are shortly to enter, and where from the indhan account 
  game is not very abundant. I preserved specemines of several small plants 
  to day which I have never before seen. The Musquetoes and knats are more 
  troublesome here if possible than they were at the White bear Islands. I 
  sent a man to the canoes for my musquetoe bier which I had neglected to 
  bring with me, as it is impossible to sleep a moment without being 
  defended against the attacks of these most tormenting of all insects; the 
  man returned with it a little after dark. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0779-1805-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 13th Saturday 1805. a fair Calm Morning, verry Cool before day ¬ we 
  were visited by a Buffalow Bull who came within a fiew Steps of one of the 
  Canoes the men were at work. Capt# Lewis one man &c# arrived over Land 
  at 9 oClock, the wind rose and blew hard from the S# E# the greater part 
  of the day both Canoes finished all to Corking & fixing ores &c# 
  &c# The Hunters killed 3 Buffalow the most of all the meat I had dried 
  for to make Pemitigon. The Musquetors & Knats verry troublesom all day 
  & night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0780-1805-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 14th 1805. This morning was calm fair and warm; the Musquetoes 
  of course troublesome. all hands that could work were employed about the 
  canoes. which we completed and launched this evening. the one was 25 feet 
  and the other 33 feet in length and about 3 feet wide. we have now the 
  seats and oars to make and fit &c# I walked out today and ascended the 
  bluffs which are high rockey and steep; I continued my rout about 31/2 
  when I gained a conspicuous eminence about 2 mes# distant from the river a 
  little below the entrance of Fort Mountain Creek. from this place I had a 
  commanding view of the country and took the bearings of the following 
  places. (viz) 
  = 
  To the point at which the Missouri first enters the Rocky Mountains S# 28° 
  W# 25 To the termineation of the 1st Chain of Rocky Mountains; 
  northwardly, being that through which the Missouri first passes N# 73° W 
  80 To the extremity or tirmineation of 2cd Chain of the Rocky Mountains N# 
  65 W# 150 To the most distant point of a third and continued chain of the 
  same mts N# 50°W# 200 The direction of the 2cd Do. from S 45 E# to N# 
  45deg. W# 
  = 
  To Fort Mountain S# 75° W# 8 
  = 
  The country in most parts very level and in others swelling with gentle 
  rises and decents, or in other wirds what I have heretofore designated a 
  wavy country destitute of timber except along the water~courses. On my 
  return to camp found Sergt# Ordway had arrived with all the canoes about 
  noon and had unloaded them every preperation except the entire completion 
  of the oars poles &c is made for our departure tomorrow. the grass and 
  weeds in this bottom are about 2 feet high; which is a much greater hight 
  than we have seen them elsewhere this season. here I found the sand rush 
  and nittles in small quantities. the grass in the plains is not more than 
  3 inches high. grasshoppers innumerable in the plains and the small birds 
  before noticed together with the brown Curlooe still continue nomerous in 
  every part of the plains. 
  = 
  had a slight shower at 4 P#M# this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0781-1805-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 14th Sunday 1805 a fine morning Calm and worm musquetors & Knats 
  verry troublesom. The Canoes arrive at 12 oClock & unloade to Dry 
  &c# finished & Lanced the 2 Canoes, Some rain this afternoon. all 
  prepareing to Set out on tomorrow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0782-1805-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 15th 1805. We arrose very early this morning, assigned the 
  canoes their loads and had it put on board. we now found our vessels eight 
  in number all heavily laden, notwithstanding our several deposits; tho it 
  is true we have now a considerable stock of dryed meat and grease. we find 
  it extreemly difficult to keep the baggage of many of our men within 
  reasonable bounds; they will be adding bulky articles of but little use or 
  value to them. At 10 A#M# we once more saw ourselves fairly under way much 
  to my joy and I beleive that of every individual who compose the party. I 
  walked on shore and killed 2 Elk near one of which the party halted and 
  dined. we took the skins marrow bones and a part of the flesh of these 
  Elk. in order to lighten the burthen of the canoes I continued my walk all 
  the evening and took our only invalledes Potts an LaPage with me. we 
  passed the river near where we dined and just above the entrance of a 
  beautifull river 80 yards wide which falls in on the Lard# side which in 
  honour of Mr# Robert Smith the Secretary of the Navy we called Smith's 
  River. this stream meanders through a most lovely valley to the S# E# for 
  about 25 miles when it enters the Rocky mountains and is concealed from 
  our view. many herds of buffaloe were feeding in this valley. we again 
  crossed the river to the Stard# side and passed through a plain and struck 
  the river at a Northwardly bend where there was timber here we waited 
  untill the canoes arrived by which time it was so late that we concluded 
  to encamp for the night. here Drewyer wouded a deer which ran into the 
  river my dog pursued caught it drowned it and brought it to shore at our 
  camp. we have now passed Fort Mountain on our right it appears to be about 
  ten miles distant. this mountain has a singular appearance it is situated 
  in a level plain, it's sides stand nearly at right angles with each other 
  and are each about a mile in extent. these are formed of a yellow clay 
  only without the mixture of rock or stone of any size and rise 
  perpendicularly to the hight of 300 feet. the top appears to be a level 
  plain and from the eminence on which I was yesterday I could see that it 
  was covered with a similar cost of grass with the plain on which it 
  stands. the surface appears also to possess a tolerable fertile mole of 2 
  feet thick. and is to all appearance inaccessible. from it's figure we 
  gave it the name of fort mountain. those mounds before mentioned near the 
  falls have much the same appearance but are none of them as large as this 
  one. the prickly pear is now in full blume and forms one of the beauties 
  as well as the greatest pests of the plains. the sunflower is also in 
  blume and is abundant. this plant is common to every part of the Missouri 
  from it's entrance to this place. the lambsquarter, wild coucumber, sand 
  rush and narrow dock are also common here. Drewyer killed another deer and 
  an Otter today. we find it inconvenient to take all the short meanders of 
  the river which has now become cooked and much narrower than below, we 
  therefore take it's general course and lay down the small bends by the eye 
  on our daily traverse or chart. the river is from too to 150 yds# wide. 
  more timber on the river than below the falls for a great distance. on the 
  banks of the river there are many large banks of sand much elivated above 
  the plains on which they ly and appear as if they had been collected in 
  the course of time from the river by the almost incessant S# W# winds; 
  they always appear on the sides of the river opposite to those winds. 
  = 
  The couses and distances from the White bear islands to the camp at which 
  we made the canoes as taken by Sergt# Ordway. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0783-1805-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 15th Monday 1805 rained all the last night I was wet all night this 
  morning wind hard from the S# W# we Set out at 10 oClock and proceeded on 
  verry well passed a river on the Lard Side about 80 yards wide which we 
  Call after the Secy of the Navey Smiths River the river verry Crooked 
  bottoms extensive rich and Passes thro a butifull vally between 2 mts. 
  Conts# high grass, our Canoes being So Small Several of the men Capt# 
  Lewis & my Self Compelled to walked on Shore & Cross the bends to 
  keep up with the Canoes ¬ a round mountain on our right abt# 10 miles 
  appears inaxcessable we Call fort mountain. The Prickley pear in bloom but 
  fiew other flowers. Sun flowr are common, also lambs quarter & 
  Nettles. Capt Lew Killed 2 Elk & the hunters killed 2 Deer & a 
  Ortter, we Camped on the Stard Side at which place I Saw many beaver, the 
  timber on the edge of the river more Common than below the falls ¬ as 
  I am compelled to walk on Shore find it verry dificuelt to take the 
  Courses of the river, as it is verry Crooked more So than below 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0784-1805-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 16th 1805. We had a heavy dew last night sen one man back 
  this morning for an ax that he had carelessly left last evening some miles 
  below, and set out at an early hour. early this morning we passed about 40 
  little booths formed of willow bushes to shelter them from the sun; they 
  appeared to have been deserted about 10 days; we supposed that they were 
  snake Indians. they appeared to have a number of horses with them. this 
  appearance gives me much hope of meeting with these people shortly. 
  Drewyer killed a buffaloe this morning near the river and we halted and 
  breakfasted on it. here for the first time I ate of the small guts of the 
  buffaloe cooked over a blazing fire in the Indian stile without any 
  preperation of washing or other clensing and found them very good. After 
  breakfast I determined to leave Capt# C# and party, and go on to the point 
  where the river enters the Rocky Mountains and make the necessary 
  observations against their arrival; accordingly I set out with the two 
  invalleds Potts and LaPage and Drewyer; I passed through a very handsome 
  level plain on the Stard# side of the river, the country equally level and 
  beautiful) on the opposite side; at the distance of 8 mes# passed a small 
  stream on which I observed a considerable quantity of aspin. a little 
  before 12 I halted on the river at a Stard# bend and well timbered bottom 
  about 41/2 miles below the mountains and made the following observation. 
  = 
  after this observation we pursued our rout through a high roling plain to 
  a rappid immediately at the foot of the mountain where the Missouri first 
  enters them. the current of the missouri below these rappids is strong for 
  several miles, tho just above there is scarcely any current, the river 
  very narrow and deep abot 70 yds# wide only and seems to be closely hemned 
  in by the mountains on both sides, the bottoms only a few yards in width. 
  an Indian road enters the mountain at the same place with the river on the 
  Stard side and continues along it's border under the steep clifts these 
  mountains appear to be only about 800 feet above the river and are formed 
  almost entirely of a hard black grannite. with a few dwarf pine and cedar 
  scattered on them. at this place there is a large rock of 400 feet high 
  wich stands immediately in the gap which the missouri makes on it's 
  passage from the mountains; it is insulated from the neighbouring 
  mountains by a handsome little plain which surrounds it base on 3 sides 
  and the Missouri washes it's base on the other, leaving it on the Lard# as 
  it decends. this rock I called the tower. it may be ascended with some 
  difficulty nearly to it's summit, and from it there is a most pleasing 
  view of the country we are now about to leave. from it I saw this evening 
  immence herds of buffaloe in the plains below. near this place we killed a 
  fat elk on which we both dined and suped. the Musquetoes are extreemly 
  troublesome this evening and I had left my bier, of course suffered 
  considerably, and promised in my wrath that I never will be guily of a 
  similar peice of negligence while on this voyage. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0785-1805-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 16th Tuesday 1805 a fair morning after a verry cold night, heavy dew, 
  dispatched one man back for an ax left a fiew miles below, and Set out 
  early Killed a Buffalow on which we Brackfast Capt Lewis & 3 men went 
  on to the mountain to take a meridian altitude, passed about 40 Small 
  Camps, which appeared to be abandoned about 10 or 12 days, Suppose they 
  were Snake Indians, a fiew miles above I Saw the poles Standing in thir 
  position of a verry large lodge of 60 feet Diamater, & the appearance 
  of a number of Leather Lodges about, this Sign was old & appeared to 
  have been last fall great number of buffalow the river is not So wide as 
  below from 100 to 150 yards wide & Deep Crouded with Islands & 
  Crooked Some Scattering timber on its edge Such as Cotton wood Cotton 
  willow, willow and box elder, the Srubs are arrow wod, red wood, Choke 
  Cherry, red berries, Goose beries, Sarvis burey, red & yellow Currents 
  a Spcie of Shomake &c# 
  = 
  I camped on the head of a Small Island near the Stard# Shore at the Rockey 
  Mountains this Range of mountains appears to run N W & S E and is 
  about 800 feet higher than the Water in the river faced with a hard black 
  rock the current of the River from the Medison river to the mountain is 
  gentle bottoms low and extensive, and its General Course is S# 10° W# 
  about 30 miles on a direct line 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0786-1805-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 17th 1805. The sunflower is in bloom and abundant in the 
  river bottoms. The Indians of the Missouri particularly those who do not 
  cultivate maze make great uce of the seed of this plant for bread, or use 
  it in thickening their scope. they most commonly first parch the seed and 
  then pound them between two smooth stones until) they reduce it to a fine 
  meal. to this they sometimes mearly add a portion of water and drink it in 
  that state, or add a sufficient quantity of marrow grease to reduce it to 
  the consistency of common dough and eate it in that manner. the last 
  composition I think much best and have eat it in that state heartily and 
  think it a pallateable dish. there is but little of the broad leafed 
  cottonwood above the falls, much the greater portion being of the narrow 
  leafed kind. there are a great abundance of red yellow perple & black 
  currants, and service berries now ripe and in great perfection. I find 
  these fruits very pleasent particularly the yellow currant which I think 
  vastly preferable to those of our gardens. the shrub which produces this 
  fruit rises to the hight of 6 or 8 feet; the stem simple branching and 
  erect. they grow closly ascociated in cops either in the oppen or timbered 
  lands near the watercouses. the leaf is petiolate of a pale green and 
  resembles in it's form that of the red currant common to our gardens. the 
  perianth of the fructification is one leaved, five cleft, abreviated and 
  tubular, the corolla is monopetallous funnel~shaped; very long, superior, 
  withering and of a fine orrange colour. five stamens and one pistillum; of 
  the first, the fillaments are capillare, inserted into the corolla, equal, 
  and converging; the anther ovate, biffid and incumbent. with rispect to 
  the second the germ is roundish, smoth, inferior pedicelled and small; the 
  style, long, and thicker than the stamens, simple, cylindrical, smooth, 
  and erect, withering and remains with the corolla untill the fruit is 
  ripe. stigma simple obtuse and withering. the fruit is a berry about 
  the size and much the shape of the red currant of our gardins, like them 
  growing in clusters supported by a compound footstalk, but the peduncles 
  which support the several berries are longer in this species and the 
  berries are more scattered. it is quite as transparent as the red current 
  of our gardens, not so ascid, & more agreeably flavored. the other 
  species differ not at all in appearance from the yellow except in the 
  colour and flavor of their berries. I am not confident as to the colour of 
  the corolla, but all those which I observed while in blume as we came up 
  the Missouri were yellow but they might possibly have been all of the 
  yellow kind and that the perple red and black currants here may have 
  corollas of different tints from that of the yellow currant. The 
  survice berry differs somewhat from that of the U States the bushes are 
  small sometimes not more than 2 feet high and scarcely ever exceed 8 and 
  are proportionably small in their stems, growing very thickly ascosiated 
  in clumps. the fruit is the same form but for the most part larger more 
  lucious and of so deep a perple that on first sight you would think them 
  black. there are two species of goosbirris here allso but neither of 
  them yet ripe. the choke cherries also abundant and not yet ripe. there is 
  Box alder, red willow and a species of sumac here also. there is a large 
  pine tree situated on a small island at the head of these rappids above 
  our camp; it being the first we have seen for a long distance near the 
  river I called the island pine island. This range of the rocky mountains 
  runs from S E to N# W# ¬ at 8 A#M# this morning Capt# Clark arrived 
  with the party. we took breakfast here, after which I had the box which 
  contained my instruments taken by land arround tower rock to the river 
  above the rappid; the canoes ascended with some difficulty but without 
  loss or injury, with their loads. 
  = 
  After making those observations we proceed, and as the canoes were still 
  heavy loaded all persons not employed in navigating the canoes walled on 
  shore. the river clifts were so steep and frequently projecting into the 
  river with their perpendicular points in such manner that we could not 
  pass them by land, we wer therefore compelled to pass and repass the river 
  very frequently in the couse of the evening. the bottoms are narrow the 
  river also narrow deep and but little current. river from 70 to 100 yds# 
  wide. but little timber on the river aspin constitutes a part of that 
  little. see more pine than usual on the mountains tho still but thinly 
  scattered. we saw some mountain rams or bighorned anamals this evening, 
  and no other game whatever and indeed there is but little appearance of 
  any. in some places both banks of the river are formed for a short 
  distance of nearly perpendicular rocks of a dark black grannite of great 
  hight; the river has the appearance of having cut it's passage in the 
  course of time through this solid rock. we ascended about 6 miles this 
  evening from the entrance of the mountain and encamped on the Stard# side 
  where we found as much wood as made our fires. musquetoes still 
  troublesome knats not as much so. Capt# C# now informed me that 
  after I left him yesterday, he saw the poles of a large lodge in praire on 
  the Stard# side of the river which was 60 feet in diameter and appeared to 
  have been built last fall; there were the remains of about 80 leather 
  lodges near the place of the same apparent date. This large lodge was of 
  the same construction of that mentioned above the white bear Islands. the 
  party came on very well and encamped on the lower point of an island near 
  the Stard# shore on that evening. this morning they had set out early and 
  proceeded without obstruction untill they reached the rappid where I was 
  encamped. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0787-1805-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 17th Wednesday 1805 Set out early this morning and Crossed the rapid 
  at the Island Cald pine rapid with Some dificuelty, at this rapid I came 
  up with Capt Lewis & party took a Medn# altitude & we took Some 
  Luner Observations &c# and proceeded on, the emence high Precipies 
  oblige all the party to pass & repass the river from one point to 
  another the river confined in maney places in a verry narrow Chanel from 
  70 to 120 yards wide bottoms narrow without timber and maney places the 
  mountain approach on both Sides, we observe great deel of Scattering pine 
  on the mountains, Some aspin, Spruce & fur trees took a meridian altd# 
  which gave for Lattitude 46° 42' 14" 7/10 N we proceeded on verry well 
  about 8 miles & Camped on the Stard Side The river crooked bottoms 
  narrow, Clifts high and Steep, I assended a Spur of the Mountain which I 
  found to be highe & dificuelt of axcess, Containig Pitch Pine & 
  Covered with grass Scercely any game to be Seen The yellow Current now 
  ripe also the fussey red Choke Cheries getting ripe Purple Current are 
  also ripe. Saw Several Ibex or mountain rams to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0788-1805-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 18th 1805. Set out early this morning. previous to our 
  departure saw a large herd of the Bighorned anamals on the immencely high 
  and nearly perpendicular clift opposite to us; on the fase of this clift 
  they walked about and hounded from rock to rock with apparent unconcern 
  where it appared to me that no quadruped could have stood, and from which 
  had they made one false step they must have been precipitated at least a 
  500 feet. this anamal appears to frequent such precepices and clifts where 
  in fact they are perfectly secure from the pursuit of the wolf, bear, or 
  even man himself. at the distance of 21/2 miles we passed the 
  entrance of a considerable river on the Stard# side; about 80 yds# wide 
  being nearly as wide as the Missouri at that place. it's current is rapid 
  and water extreamly transparent; the bed is formed of small smooth stones 
  of flat rounded or other figures. it's bottoms are narrow but possess as 
  much timber as the Missouri. the country is mountainous and broken through 
  which it passes. it appears as if it might be navigated but to what extent 
  must be conjectural. this handsome bold and clear stream we named in 
  honour of the Secretary of war calling it Dearborn's river. as we were 
  anxious now to meet with the Sosonees or snake Indians as soon as possible 
  in order to obtain information relative to the geography of the country 
  and also if necessary, some horses we thought it better for one of us 
  either Capt# C# or myself to take a small party & proceed on up the 
  river, some distance before the canoes, in order to discover them, should 
  they be on the river before the daily discharge of our guns, which was 
  necessary in procuring subsistence for the party, should allarm and cause 
  them to retreat to the mountains and conceal themselves, supposing us to 
  be their enemies who visit them usually by the way of this river. 
  accordingly Capt# Clark set out this morning after breakfast with Joseph 
  Fields, Pots and his servant York. we proceeded on tolerably well; the 
  current stonger than yesterday we employ the cord and oars principally tho 
  sometimes the setting pole. in the evening we passed a large creek about 
  30 yds# wide which disembogues on the Stard# side; it discharges a bold 
  current of water it's banks low and bed frormed of stones altogether; this 
  stream we called Ordway's creek after Sergt# John Ordway. I have observed 
  for several days a species of flax growing in the river bottoms the leaf 
  stem and pericarp of which resembles the common flax cultivated in the U 
  States. the stem rises to the hight of about 21/2 or 3 feet high; as many 
  as 8 or ten of which proceede from the same root. the root appears to be 
  perennial. the bark of the stem is thick strong and appears as if it would 
  make excellent Hax. the seed are not yet ripe but I hope to have an 
  opportunity of collecting some of them after they are so if it should on 
  experiment prove to yeald good flax and at the same time admit of being 
  cut without injuring the perennial root it will be a most valuable plant, 
  and I think there is the greatest probability that it will do so, for 
  notwithstanding the seed have not yet arrived at maturity it is puting up 
  suckers or young shoots from the same root and would seem therefore that 
  those which are fully grown and which are in the proper stage of 
  vegitation to produce the best fax are not longer essencial to the 
  preservation or support of the root. the river somewhat wider than 
  yesterday and the mountains more distant from the river and not so high; 
  the bottoms are but narrow and little or no timber near the river. some 
  pine on the mountains which seems principally confined to their uper 
  region. we killed one Elk this morning and found part of the flesh and the 
  skin of a deer this evening which had been kited and left by Capt# Clark. 
  we saw several herds of the Bighorn but they were all out of our reach on 
  inacessable clifts. we encamped on the Lard# side in a small grove of 
  narrow leafed cottonwood there is not any of the broad leafed cottonwood 
  on the river since it has entered the mountains. Capt Clark ascended the 
  river on the Stard# side. in the early part of the day after he left me 
  the hills were so steep that he gained but little off us; in the evening 
  he passed over a mountain by which means he cut off many miles of the 
  river's circuitous rout; the Indian road which he pursued over this 
  mountain is wide and appears as if it had been cut down or dug in many 
  places; he passed two streams of water, the branches of Ordway's creek, on 
  which he saw a number of beaver dams succeeding each other in close order 
  and extending as far up those streams as he could discover them in their 
  couse towards the mountains. he also saw many bighorn anamals on the 
  clifts of the mountains. not far beyond the mountain which he passed in 
  the evening he encamped on a small stream of runing water. having 
  travelled about 20 m# the water of those rivulets which make down from 
  these mountains is extreemly cold pure and fine. the soil near the river 
  is of a good quality and produces a luxuriant growth of grass and weeds; 
  among the last the sunflower holds a distinguished place. the aspin is 
  small but grows very commonly on the river and small streams which make 
  down from the Mouts. 
  = 
  I also observed another species of flax today which is not so large as the 
  first, sildome obtaining a greater hight than 9 Inches or a foot the stem 
  and leaf resemble the other species but the stem is rarely branched, 
  bearing a single monopetallous bellshaped blue flower which is suspended 
  with it's limb downwards, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0789-1805-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 18th Tursday 1805 a fine morning passed a Considerable river which 
  falls in on the Stard Side and nearly as wide as the Missouri we call 
  Dearbournes river after the Sety. of war. we thought it prudent for a 
  partey to go a head for fear our fireing Should allarm the Indians and 
  cause them to leave the river and take to the mountains for Safty from 
  their enemes who visit them thro this rout. I deturmined to go a head with 
  a Small partey a few days and find the Snake Indians if possible after 
  brackfast I took J# Fields Potts & my Servent proceeded on. the 
  Country So Hilley that we gained but little of the Canoes untill in the 
  evening I passed over a mountain on an Indian rode by which rout I cut off 
  Several miles of the Meanderings of the River, the roade which passes this 
  mountain is wide and appears to have been dug in maney places, we Camped 
  on a Small run of Clear Cold water, musquitors verry troublesom the 
  forepart of the evening I Saw great maney Ibex. we Crossed two Streams of 
  running water on those Streams I saw Several Beaver dams. ordway Creek the 
  Countrey is Mountanious & rockey except the valey &c# which is 
  Covered with earth of a good quallity without timber, The timber which is 
  principally pitch pine is Confined to the mountains, the Small runs & 
  Creeks which have water running in them Contain Cotton~Willow, Willow, 
  & aspin. trees all Small I Saw maney fine Springs & Streams of 
  running water which Sink & rise alternately in the Valies the water of 
  those Streams are fine, those Streams which run off into the river are 
  darned up by the beaver from near ther mouthes up as high as I could See 
  up them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0790-1805-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 19th 1805 The Musquetoes are very troublesome to us as usual. 
  this morning we set out early and proceeded on very well tho the water 
  appears to encrease in volocity as we advance. the current has been strong 
  all day and obstructed with some rapids, tho these are but little broken 
  by rocks and are perfectly safe. the river deep and from 100 to 150 yds# 
  wide. I walked along shore today and killed an Antelope. whever we get a 
  view of the lofty summits of the mountains the snow presents itself, altho 
  we are almost suffocated in this confined vally with heat. the pine cedar 
  and balsum fir grow on the mountains in irregular assemleages or spots 
  mostly high up on their sides and summits. this evening we entered much 
  the most remarkable clifts that we have yet seen. these clifts rise from 
  the waters edge on either side perpendicularly to the hight of 1200 feet. 
  every object here wears a dark and gloomy aspect. the towering and 
  projecting rocks in many places seem ready to tumble on us. the river 
  appears to have forced it's way through this immence body of solid rock 
  for the distance of 53/4 miles and where it makes it's exit below has 
  thown on either side vast collumns of rocks mountains high. the river 
  appears to have woarn a passage just the width of it's channel or 150 yds# 
  it is deep from side to side nor is ther in the 1st 3 miles of this 
  distance a spot except one of a few yards in extent on which a man could 
  rest the soal of his foot. several fine springs burst out at the waters 
  edge from the interstices of the rocks. it happens fortunately that altho 
  the current is strong it is not so much so but what it may be overcome 
  with the oars for there is hear no possibility of using either the cord or 
  Setting pole. it was late in the evening before I entered this place and 
  was obliged to continue my rout untill sometime after dark before I found 
  a place sufficiently large to encamp my small party; at length such an one 
  occurred on the lard. side where we found plenty of lightwood and 
  pichpine. this rock is a black grannite below and appears to be of a much 
  lighter colour above and from the fragments I take it to be flint of a 
  yelloish brown and light creemcolourd yellow. from the singular 
  appearance of this place I called it the gates of the rocky mountains. the 
  mountains higher today than yesterday, saw some Bighorns and a few 
  Antelopes also beaver and Otter; the latter are now very plenty one of the 
  men killed one of them today with a setting pole. musquetoes less 
  troublesome than usual. we had a thundershower today about 1 P#M# which 
  continued about an hour and was attended with som hail. we have seen no 
  buffaloe since we entered the mounts. this morning early Capt# Clark 
  pursued his rout, saw early in the day the remains of several Indians 
  camps formed of willow brush which appeared to have been inhabited some 
  time this spring. saw where the natives had pealed the bark off the pine 
  trees about this same season. this the indian woman with us informs that 
  they do to obtain the sap and soft part of the wood and bark for food. at 
  11 A#M# Capt# C# feell in with a gang of Elk of which he killed 2. and not 
  being able to obtain as much wood as would make a fire substituded the 
  dung of the buffaloe and cooked a part of their meat on which they 
  breakfasted and again pursueed their rout, which lay along an old indian 
  road. this evening they passed a hansome valley watered by a large creek 
  which extends itself with it's valley into the mountain to a considerable 
  distance. the latter part of the evening their rout lay over a hilly and 
  mountanous country covered with the sharp fragments of flint which cut and 
  bruised their feet excessively; nor wer the prickly pear of the leveler 
  part of the rout much less painfull; they have now become so abundant in 
  the open uplands that it is impossible to avoid them and their thorns are 
  so keen and stif that they pearce a double thickness of dressed deers skin 
  with ease. Capt# C# informed me that he extracted 17 of these bryers from 
  his feet this evening after he encamped by the light of the fire. I have 
  guarded or reather fortifyed my feet against them by soaling my mockersons 
  with the hide of the buffaloe in parchment. he encamped on the river much 
  fortiegud having passed two mountains in the course of the day and 
  travelled about 30 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0791-1805-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 19th Fryday 1805 a find morning I proceeded on in an Indian path 
  river verry crooked passed over two mountains Saw Several Indian Camps 
  which they have left this Spring. Saw trees Peeled & found poles &c# 
  at 11 oC I Saw a gange of Elk as we had no provision Concluded to kill 
  Some Killd two and dined being oblige to Substitute dry buffalow dung in 
  place of wood, this evening passed over a Cream Coloured flint which roled 
  down from the Clifts into the bottoms, the Clifts Contain flint a dark 
  grey Stone & a redish brown intermixed and no one Clift is Solid rock, 
  all the rocks of everry description is in Small pices appears to have been 
  broken by Some Convulsion ¬ passed a butifull Creek on the Std# Side 
  this eveng which meanders thro a butifull Vallie of great extent, I call 
  after Sgt Pryor the countrey on the Lard Side a high mountain Saw Several 
  Small rapids to day the river Keep its width and appear to be deep, my 
  feet is verry much brused & cut walking over the flint, & 
  constantly Stuck full Prickley pear thorns, I puled out 17 by the light of 
  the fire to night We camped on the river Same (Lard) Side Musqutors verry 
  troublesom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0792-1805-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday 20 h 1805. Set out early this morning as usual, currant strong, 
  we therefore employ the toe rope when ever the banks permit the use of it; 
  the water is reather deep for the seting pole in most places. at 6 A#M# 
  the hills retreated from the river and the valley became wider than we 
  have seen it since we entered the mountains. some scattering timber on the 
  river and in the valley. consisting of the narrowleafed Cottonwood aspin 
  & pine. vas numbers of the several species of currants goosberries and 
  service berries; of each of these I preserved some seeds. I found a black 
  currant which I thought preferable in flavor to the yellow. this currant 
  is really a charming fruit and I am confident would be prefered at our 
  markets to any currant now cultivated in the U States. we killed an Elk 
  this morning which was very acceptable to us. through the valley which we 
  entered early in the morning a large creek flows from the mountains and 
  discharges itself into the river behind an island on Stard# side about 15 
  yds# wide this we called Potts's Creek after John Potts one of our party. 
  about 10 A#M# we saw the smoke arrose as if the country had been set on 
  fire up the valley of this creek about 7 ms# distant we were at a loss to 
  determine whether it had been set on fire by the natives as a signall 
  among themselves on discovering us, as is their custom or whether it had 
  been set on fire by Capt# C# and party accedentally. the first however 
  proved to be the fact, they had unperceived by us discovered Capt# Clark's 
  party or mine, and had set the plain on fire to allarm the more distant 
  natives and fled themselves further into the interior of the mountains. 
  this evening we found the skin of an Elk and part of the flesh of the 
  anamal which Capt# C# had left near the river at the upper side of the 
  valley where he assended the mountain with a note informing me of his 
  transactions and that he should pass the mounts which lay just above us 
  and wate our arrival at some convenient place on the river. the other elk 
  which Capt# C# had killed we could not find. about 2 in the evening we had 
  passed through a range of low mountains and the country bacame more open 
  again, tho still broken and untimbered and the bottoms not very extensive. 
  we encamped on the Lard# side near a spring on a high bank the prickly 
  pears are so abundant that we could scarcely find room to lye. just above 
  our camp the river is again closed in by the Mouts. on both sides. I saw a 
  black woodpecker today about the size of the lark woodpecker as black as a 
  crow. I indevoured to get a shoot at it but could not. it is a distinct 
  species of woodpecker; it has a long tail and flys a good deel like the 
  jay bird. 
  = 
  This morning Capt# Clark set out early and proceeded on through a valley 
  leaving the river about six miles to his left; he fell in with an old 
  Indian road which he pursued untill it struck the river about 18 miles 
  from his camp of the last evening just above the entrance of a large creek 
  which we call white paint Creek. the party were so much fortiegued with 
  their march and their feet cut with the flint and perced with the prickly 
  pears untill they had become so painfull that he proceeded but little 
  further before he determined to encamp on the river and wait my arrival. Capt# 
  C# saw a smoke today up the valley of Pryor's creek which was no doubt 
  caused by the natives likewise. he left signals or signs on his rout in 
  order to inform the indians should they pursue his trale that we were not 
  their enemies, but white men and their friends. cloth &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0793-1805-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 20th Satturday 1805 a fine morning we proceded on thro a valley 
  leaveing the river about 6 miles to our left and fell into an Indian roade 
  which took us to the river above the mo# of a Creek 18 miles The 
  Misquetors verry troublesom my man York nearly tired out, the bottoms of 
  my feet blistered. I observe a Smoke rise to our right up the Valley of 
  the last Creek about 12 miles distant, The Cause of this Smoke I can't 
  account for certainly tho think it probable that the Indians have heard 
  the Shooting of the Partey below and Set the Praries or Valey on fire to 
  allarm their Camps; Supposeing our party to be a war party comeing against 
  them, I left Signs to Shew the Indians if they Should come on our trail 
  that we were not their enemeys. Camped on the river, the feet of the men 
  with me So Stuck with Prickley pear & cut with the Stones that they 
  were Scerseley able to march at a Slow gate this after noon 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0794-1805-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 21st 1805. Set out early this morning and passed a bad rappid 
  where the river enters the mountain about 1 m# from our camp of last 
  evening the Clifts high and covered with fragments of broken rocks. the 
  current strong; we employed the toe rope principally, and also the pole as 
  the river is not now so deep but reather wider and much more rapid our 
  progress was therefore slow and laborious. we saw three swans this 
  morning, which like the geese have not yet recovered the feathers of the 
  wing and could not fly we killed two of them the third escaped by diving 
  and passed down with the current; they had no young ones with them 
  therefore presume they do not breed in this country these are the first we 
  have seen on the river for a great distance. we daily see great numbers of 
  gees with their young which are perfectly feathered except the wings which 
  are deficient in both young and old. my dog caught several today, as he 
  frequently dose. the young ones are very fine, but the old gees are poor 
  and unfit for uce. saw several of the large brown or sandhill Crain today 
  with their young. the young Crain is as large as a turkey and cannot fly 
  they are of a bright red bey colour or that of the common deer at this 
  season. this bird feeds on grass prinsipally and is found in the river 
  bottoms. the grass near the river is lofty and green that of the hill 
  sides and high open grounds is perfectly dry and appears to be scorched by 
  the heat of the sun. the country was rough mountainous & much as that 
  of yesterday untill towards evening when the river entered a beautifull 
  and extensive plain country of about 10 or 12 miles wide which extended 
  upwards further that the eye could reach this valley is bounded by two 
  nearly parallel ranges of high mountains which have their summits 
  partially covered with snow. below the snowey region pine succeeds and 
  reaches down their sides in some parts to the plain but much the greater 
  portion of their surfaces is uncovered with timber and expose either a 
  barren sterile soil covered with dry parched grass or black and rugged 
  rocks. the river immediately on entering this valley assumes a different 
  aspect and character, it spreads to a mile and upwards in width crouded 
  with Islands, some of them large, is shallow enough for the use of the 
  seting pole in almost every part and still more rappid than before; it's 
  bottom is smooth stones and some large rocks as it has been since we have 
  entered the mountains. the grass in these extensive bottoms is green and 
  fine, about 18 inches or 2 feet high. the land is a black rich loam and 
  appears very fertile. we encamped in this beatiful valley on the Lard# 
  side the party complain of being much fatiegued with this days travel. we 
  killed one deer today. This morning we passed a bold creek 28 yds# 
  wide which falls in on Stard# side. it has a handsome and an extensive 
  valley. this we called Pryor's Creek after Sergt# (John) Pryor one of our 
  party. I also saw two fesants today of a dark brown colour much larger 
  than the phesant of the U States. 
  = 
  this morning Capt# Clark having determined to hunt and wait my arrival 
  somewhere about his preset station was fearfull that some indians might 
  still be on the river above him sufficiently near to hear the report of 
  his guns and therefore proceeded up, the river about three miles and not 
  finding any indians nor discovering any fresh appearance of them returned 
  about four miles below and fixed his camp near the river; after refreshing 
  themselves with a few hours rest they set out in different directions to 
  hunt. Capt C# killed a buck and Fields a buck and doe. he caught a young 
  curlooe which was nearly feathered. the musquetoes were equally as 
  troublesome to them as to ourselves this evening; tho some hours after 
  dark the air becomes so cold that these insects disappear. the men are all 
  fortunately supplyed with musquetoe biers otherwise it would be impossible 
  for them to exist under the fatiegues which they daily encounter without 
  their natural rest which they could not obtain for those tormenting 
  insects if divested of their biers. timber still extreemly scant on the 
  river but there is more in this valley than we have seen since we entered 
  the mountains; the creeks which fall into the river are better supplyed 
  with this article than the river itself. 
  = 
  we saw a number of trout today since the river has become more shallow; 
  also caught a fish of a white colour on the belly and sides and of a 
  bluish cast on the back which had been accedentally wounded by a setting 
  pole. it had a long pointed mouth which opened somewhat like the shad. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0795-1805-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 21st Sunday 1805 a fine morning our feet So brused and Cut that I 
  deturmined to delay for the Canoes, & if possible kill Some meat by 
  the time they arrived, all the Creeks which fall into the Missouri on the 
  Std# Side Since entering the Mountains have extencive Valies of open 
  Plain. the river bottoms Contain nothing larger than a Srub untill above 
  the last Creek the Creeks & runs have timber on them generally, the 
  hills or mountains are in Some places thickly covered with pine & 
  Cedar &c# &c# I proceeded on about 3 miles this morning finding no 
  fresh Indian Sign returned down the river four miles and Camped, turned 
  out to hunt for Some meat, which if we are Suckessfull will be a 
  Seasonable Supply for the partey assending. emence quantities of Sarvice 
  buries, yellow, red, Purple & black Currents ripe and Superior to any 
  I ever tasted particularly the yellow & purple kind. Choke Cheries are 
  Plenty; Some Goose buries ¬ The wild rose Continue the Willow more 
  abundant no Cotton wood of the Common kind Small birds are plenty, Some 
  Deer, Elk, Goats, and Ibex; no buffalow in the Mountains. 
  = 
  Those mountains are high and a great perportion of them rocky Vallies 
  fertile I observe on the highest pinicals of Some of the mountains to the 
  West Snow lying in Spots Some Still further North are covered with Snow 
  and cant be Seen from this point The Winds in those mountains are not 
  Settled generally with the river, to day the wind blow hard from the West 
  at the Camp. The Missouri Continus its width the Current Strong and 
  Crouded with little Islands and Cose graveley bars; but little fine Sand 
  the Chanel generally a Corse gravel or Soft mud. Musquetors & Knats 
  verry troublesom. I killed a Buck, and J# Fields killed a Buck and Doe 
  this evening. Cought a young Curlough. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0796-1805-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 22cd 1805. We set out early as usual. The river being divided 
  into such a number of channels by both large and small Island that I found 
  it impossible to lay it down correctly following one channel only in a 
  canoe and therefore walked on shore took the general courses of the river 
  and from the rising grounds took a view of the Islands and it's different 
  channels which I laid don in conformity thereto on my chart. there being 
  but little timber to obstruct my view I could see it's various meanders 
  very satisfactorily. I passed though a large Island which I found a 
  beautifull level and fertile plain about 10 feet above the surface of the 
  water and never overflown. on this Island I met with great quantities of a 
  smal onion about the size of a musquit ball and some even larger; they 
  were white crisp and well flavored I geathered about half a bushel of them 
  before the canoes arrived. I halted the party for breakfast and the men 
  also geathered considerable quantities of those onions. it's seed had just 
  arrived to maturity and I gathered a good quantity of it. This appears to 
  be a valuable plant inasmuch as it produces a large quantity to the squar 
  foot and bears with ease the rigor of this climate, and withall I think it 
  as pleasantly flavored as any species of that root I ever tasted. I called 
  this beatifull and fertile island after this plant Onion Island. here I 
  passed over to the stard. shore where the country was higher and ascended 
  the river to the entrance of a large creek which discharges itself into 
  the Missouri on the Stard# side. it is composed of three pretty 
  considerable creeks which unite in a beautifull and extensive vally a few 
  miles before it discharges itself into the river. while wateing for the 
  canoes to arrive I killed an otter which sunk to the bottom on being shot, 
  a circumstance unusual with that anamal. the water was about 8 feet deep 
  yet so clear that I could see it at the bottom; I swam in and obtained it 
  by diving. I halted the party here for dinner; the canoes had taken 
  different channels through these islands and it was sometime before they 
  all came up. I placed my thermometer in a good shade as was my custom 
  about 4 P#M# and after dinner set out without it and had proceeded near a 
  mile before I recollected it I sent Sergt# Ordway back for it, he found it 
  and brought it on. the murcury stood at 80 a. 0 this is the warmest day 
  except one which we have experienced this summer. The Indian woman 
  recognizes the country and assures us that this is the river on which her 
  relations live, and that the three forks are at no great distance. this 
  peice of information has cheered the sperits of the party who now begin to 
  console themselves with the anticipation of shortly seeing the head of the 
  missouri yet unknown to the civilized world. the large creek which we 
  passed on Stard# 15 yds# we call white Earth Creek from the circumstance 
  of the natives procuring a white paint on this crek. Saw many gees, 
  crams, and small birds common to the plains, also a few phesants and a 
  species of small curlooe or plover of a brown colour which I first met 
  with near the entrance of Smith's river but they are so shy and watchfull 
  there is no possibility of geting a shoot at them it is a different kind 
  from any heretofore discribed and is about the size of the yellow leged 
  plover or jack Curlooe. both species of the willow that of the broad leaf 
  and narrow leaf still continue, the sweet willow is very scarce. the rose 
  bush, small honesuckle, the pulpy leafed thorn, southernwood, sage Box 
  alder narrow leafed cottonwood, red wod, a species of sumac are all found 
  in abundance as well as the red and black goosberries, service berries, 
  choke cherries and the currants of four distinct colours of black, yellow, 
  red and perple. the cherries are not yet ripe. the bear appear to feed 
  much on the currants. late this evening we arrived at Capt# Carks camp on 
  the stard. side of the river; we took them on board with the meat they had 
  collected and proceeded a short distance and encamped on an Island Capt# 
  Clark's party had killed a deer and an Elk today and ourselves one deer 
  and an Antelope only. altho Capt C# was much fatiegued his feet yet 
  blistered and soar he insisted on pursuing his rout in the morning nor 
  weould he consent willingly to my releiving him at that time by taking a 
  tour of the same kind. finding him anxious I readily consented to remain 
  with the canoes; he ordered Frazier and Jo# & Reubin Filds to hold 
  themselves in readiness to accompany him in the morning. Sharbono was 
  anxious to accompany him and was accordingly permitted. the musquetoes and 
  knats more than usually troublesome to us this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0797-1805-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 22d Monday 1805 a fine morning wind from the S# E# the last night 
  verry cold, my blanket being Small I lay on the grass & Covered with 
  it. I opened the bruses & blisters of my feet which caused them to be 
  painfull dispatched all the men to hunt in the bottom for Deer, deturmined 
  my Self to lay by & nurs my feet. haveing nothing to eat but venison 
  and Currents, I find my Self much weaker than when I left the Canoes and 
  more inclined to rest & repose to day. These men were not Suckcessfull 
  in hunting killed only one Deer Capt Lewis & the Party arvd. at 4 
  oClock & we all proceeded on a Short distance and Camped on an Island 
  the Musquitors verry troublesom this evening G Drewyer not knowing the 
  place we Camped Continued on up the river. I deturmined to proceed on in 
  pursute of the Snake Indians on tomorrow and directed Jo Rubin Fields 
  Frasure to get ready to accompany me. Shabono, our interpreter requested 
  to go, which was granted &c# In my absence the hunters had killed Some 
  Deer & a Elk, one fusee found &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0798-1805-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 23rd 1805. Set out early as usual; Capt# Clark left us with 
  his little party of 4 men and continued his rout on the Stard# side of the 
  river. about 10 OCk# A M# we came up with Drewyer who had seperated from 
  us yesterday evening and lay out all night not being able to find where we 
  had encamped. he had killed 5 deer which we took on board and continued 
  our rout. the river is still divided by a great number of islands, it 
  channels sometimes seperating to the distance of 3 miles; the current very 
  rapid with a number of riffles; the bed gravel and smooth stones; the 
  banks low and of rich loam in the bottoms; some low bluffs of yellow and 
  red clay with a hard red slate stone intermixed. the bottoms are wide and 
  but scantily timbered; the underbrush very thick consisting of the narrow 
  & broad leafed willow rose and Currant bushes principally. high plains 
  succeeds the river bottoms and extend back on either side to the base of 
  the mountains which are from 8 to 12 miles assunder, high, rocky, some 
  small pine and Cedar on them and ly parallel with the river. passed a 
  large creek on Lard# side 20 yds# wide which after meandering through a 
  beautifull and extensive bottom for several miles nearly parallel with the 
  river discharges itself opposite to a large cluster of islands which from 
  their number I called the 10 islands and the creek Whitehous's Creek, 
  after Josph. Whitehouse one of the party. saw a great abundance of the 
  common thistles; also a number of the wild onions of which we collected a 
  further supply. there is a species of garlic also which grows on the high 
  lands with a flat leaf now green and in bloe but is strong tough and 
  disagreeable. found some seed of the wild flax ripe which I preserved; 
  this plant grows in great abundance in these bottoms. I halted rearther 
  early for dinner today than usual in order to dry some articles which had 
  gotten wet in several of the canoes. I ordered the canoes to hoist their 
  small flags in order that should the indians see us they might discover 
  that we were not Indians, nor their enemies. we made great uce of our 
  seting poles and cords the uce of both which the river and banks favored. 
  most of our small sockets were lost, and the stones were so smooth that 
  the points of their poles sliped in such manner that it increased the 
  labour of navigating the canoes very considerably, I recollected a parsel 
  of giggs which I had brought on, and made the men each atatch one of these 
  to the lower ends of their poles with strong wire, which answered the 
  desired purpose. we saw Antelopes Crain gees ducks beaver and Otter. we 
  took up four deer which Capt# Clark & party had killed and left near 
  the river. he pursued his rout untill late in the evening and encamped on 
  the bank of the river 25 ms# above our encampment of the last evening; he 
  followed an old indian road which lyes along the river on the stard side 
  Capt# saw a number of Antelopes, and one herd of Elk. also much sign of 
  the indians but all of ancient date. I saw the bull rush and Cattail flag 
  today. 
  = 
  I saw a black snake today about two feet long the Belly of which was as 
  black as any other part or as jet itself. it had 128 scuta on the belley 
  63 on the tail. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0799-1805-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 23rd Tuesday 1805 a fair morning wind from the South. I Set out by 
  land at 6 miles overtook G Drewyer who had killed a Deer. we killed in the 
  Same bottom 4 deer & a antelope & left them on the river bank for 
  the Canoes proceeded on an Indian roade through a wider Vallie which the 
  Missouri Passes about 25 miles & Camped on the bank of the river, High 
  mountains on either Side of the Vallie Containing Scattering Pine & 
  Cedar Some Small Cotton willow willow &c# on the Islands & bank of 
  the river I Saw no fresh Sign of Indians to day Great number of antelopes 
  Some Deer & a large Gangue of Elk 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0800-1805-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 24th 1805. Set out at sunrise; the current very strong; 
  passed a remarkable bluff of a crimson coloured earth on Stard# intermixed 
  with Stratas of black and brick red slate. the valley through which the 
  river passed today is much as that of yesterday nor is there any 
  difference in the appearance of the mountains, they still continue high 
  and seem to rise in some places like an amphatheater one rang above 
  another as they receede from the river untill the most distant and lofty 
  have their tops clad with snow. the adjacent mountains commonly rise so 
  high as to conceal the more distant and lofty mountains from our view. I 
  fear every day that we shall meet with some considerable falls or 
  obstruction in the river notwithstanding the information of the Indian 
  woman to the contrary who assures us that the river continues much as we 
  see it. I can scarcely form an idea of a river runing to great extent 
  through such a rough mountainous country without having it's stream 
  intercepted by some difficult and gangerous rappids or falls. we daily 
  pass a great number of small rappids or riffles which decend one to or 3 
  feet in 150 yards but they are rarely incommoded with fixed or standing 
  rocks and altho strong rappid water are nevertheless quite practicable 
  & by no means dangerous. we saw many beaver and some otter today; the 
  former dam up the small channels of the river between the islands and 
  compell the river in these parts to make other channels; which as soon as 
  it has effected that which was stoped by the beaver becomes dry and is 
  filled up with mud sand gravel and drift wood. the beaver is then 
  compelled to seek another spot for his habitation wher he again erects his 
  dam. thus the river in many places among the clusters of islands is 
  constantly changing the direction of such sluices as the beaver are 
  capable of stoping or of 20 yds# in width. this anamal in that way I 
  beleive to be very instrumental in adding to the number of islands with 
  which we find the river crouded. we killed one deer today and found a goat 
  or Antelope which had been left by Capt# Clark. we saw a large bear but 
  could not get a shoot at him. we also saw a great number of Crams & 
  Antelopes, some gees and a few red~headed ducks the small bird of the 
  plains and curloos still abundant. we observed a great number of snakes 
  about the water of a brown uniform colour, some black, and others speckled 
  on the abdomen and striped with black and brownish yellow on the back and 
  sides. the first of these is the largest being about 4 feet long, the 
  second is of that kind mentioned yesterday, and the last is much like the 
  garter snake of our country and about it's size. none of these species are 
  poisonous I examined their teeth and fund them innosent. they all appear 
  to be fond of the water, to which they fly for shelter immediately on 
  being pursued. we saw much sign of Elk but met with none of them. 
  from the appearance of bones and excrement of old date the buffaloe 
  sometimes straggle into this valley; but there is no fresh sighn of them 
  and I begin think that our harrvest of white puddings is at an end, at 
  least untill our return to the buffaloe country. our trio of pests still 
  invade and obstruct us on all occasions, these are the Musquetoes eye 
  knats and prickley pears, equal to any three curses that ever poor Egypt 
  laiboured under, except the Mahometant yoke. the men complain of being 
  much fortiegued, their labour is excessively great. I occasionly encourage 
  them by assisting in the labour of navigating the canoes, and have learned 
  to push a tolerable good pole in their fraize. This morning Capt# Clark 
  set out early and pursued the Indian road whih took him up a creek some 
  miles abot 10 A#M# he discovered a horse about six miles distant on his 
  left, he changed his rout towards the horse, on approaching him he found 
  the horse in fine order but so wild he could not get within less than 
  several hundred paces of him. he still saw much indian sign but none of 
  recent date. from this horse he directed his course obliquely to the river 
  where on his arrival he killed a deer and dined. in this wide valley where 
  he met with the horse he passed five handsome streams, one of which only 
  had timber another some willows and much stoped by the beaver. after 
  dinner he continued his rout along the river upwards and encamped having 
  traveled about 30 mes# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0801-1805-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 24th Wednesday 1805 a fine day wind from the N W# I proceeded on up a 
  Creek on the direction of the Indian road at 10 oClock discovered a horse 
  6 miles to my left towards the river as I approached the horse found him 
  fat and verry wild we could not get near him, we changed our Direction to 
  the river for water haveing previously Crossed 5 handsom Streams in one 
  Vallie one only had any timber on it one other Willows only & a number 
  of beaver Dams. when I Struck the river turned down to kill a Deer which 
  we dined on & proceeded on up the river a fiew miles an Campd# on the 
  river. the river much like it was yesterday. the mountains on either Side 
  appear like the hills had fallen half down & turned Side upwards the 
  bottoms narrow and no timber a fiew bushes only. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0802-1805-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 25th 1805. Set out at an early hour and proceeded on 
  tolerably well the water still strong and some riffles as yesterday. the 
  country continues much the same as the two preceeding days. in the 
  forenoon we saw a large brown bear on an island but he retreated 
  immediately to the main shore and ran off before we could get in reach of 
  him. they appear to be more shy here than on the Missouri below the 
  mountains. we saw some antelopes of which we killed one. these anamals 
  appear now to have collected again is small herds several females with 
  their young and one or two males compose the herd usually. some males are 
  yet soletary or two perhaps together scattered over the plains which they 
  seen invariably to prefer to the woodlands. if they happen accedentaly in 
  the woodlands and are allarmed they run immediately to the plains, seeming 
  to plaise a just confidence in their superior fleetness and bottom. we 
  killed a couple of young gees which are very abundant and fine; but as 
  they are but small game to subsist a party on of our strength I have 
  forbid the men shooting at them as it waists a considerable quantity of 
  amunition and delays our progress. we passed Capt# Clark's encampment of 
  the 23rd inst. the face of the country & anamal and vegatable 
  productions were the same as yesterday, untill late in the evening, when 
  the valley appeared to termineate and the river was again hemned in on 
  both sides with high caiggy and rocky clifts. soon after entering these 
  hills or low mountains we passed a number of fine bold springs which burst 
  out underneath the Lard# clifts near the edge of the water; they wer very 
  cold and freestone water. we passed a large Crk. today in the plain 
  country, 25 yds# wide, which discharges itself on the Stard# side; it is 
  composed of five streams which unite in the plain at no great distance 
  from the river and have their souces in the Mts. this stream we called 
  Gass's Creek. after Sergt# Patric Gass one of our party. two rapids 
  near the large spring we passed this evening were the worst we have seen 
  since that we passed on entering the rocky Mountain; they were obstructed 
  with sharp pointed rocks, ranges of which extended quite across the river. 
  the clifts are formed of a lighter coloured stone than those below I 
  obseve some limestone also in the bed of the river which seem to have been 
  brought down by the current as they are generally small and woarn smooth. This 
  morning Capt# Clark set out early and at the distance of a few miles 
  arrived at the three forks of the Missouri, here he found the plains 
  recently birnt on the stard. side, and the track of a horse which appeared 
  to have passed only about four or five days. after taking breakfast of 
  some meat which they had brought with them, examined the rivers, and 
  written me a note informing me of his intended rout, he continued on up 
  the North fork, which though not larger than the middle fork, boar more to 
  the West, and of course more in the direction we were anxious to pursue. 
  he ascended this stream about 25 miles on Stard# side, and encamped, much 
  fatiegued, his feet blistered and wounded with the prickley pear thorns. 
  Charbono gave out, one of his ankles failed him and he was unable to 
  proceede any further. I observed that the rocks which form the 
  clifts on this part of the river appear as if they had been undermined by 
  the river and by their weight had seperated from the parent hill and 
  tumbled on their sides, the stratas of rock of which they are composed 
  lying with their edges up; others not seperated seem obliquely depressed 
  on the side next the river as if they had sunk down to fill the cavity 
  which had been formed by the washing and wearing of the river. I have 
  observed a red as well as a yellow species of goosberry which grows on the 
  rocky Clifts in open places of a swetish pine like flavor, first observed 
  in the neighbourhood of the falls; at least the yellow species was first 
  observed there. the red differs from it in no particular except it's 
  colour and size being somewhat larger; it is a very indifferent fruit, but 
  as they form a variety of the native fruits of this country I preserved 
  some of their seeds. musquetoes and knats troublesome as usual. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0803-1805-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 25th Thursday 1805 a fine morning we proceeded on a fiew miles to the 
  three forks of the Missouri those three forks are nearly of a Size, the 
  North fork appears to have the most water and must be Considered as the 
  one best calculated for us to assend middle fork is quit as large about 90 
  yds# wide. The South fork is about 70 yds wide & falls in about 400 
  yards below the midle fork. those forks appear to be verry rapid & 
  Contain Some timber in their bottoms which is verry extincive, ¬ on 
  the North Side the Indians have latterly Set the Praries on fire, the 
  Cause I can't account for. I Saw one horse track going up the river about 
  four or 5 days past. after Brackfast (which we made on the ribs of a Buck 
  killed yesterday), I wrote a note informing Capt Lewis the rout I intended 
  to take, and proeeded on up the main North fork thro a vallie, the day 
  verry hot about 6 or 8 miles up the North fork a Small rapid river falls 
  in on the Lard Side which affords a great Deel of water and appears to 
  head in the Snow mountains to the S W# this little river falls into the 
  Missouri by three mouthes, haveing Seperated after it arrives in the river 
  Bottoms, and Contains as also all the water courses in this quarter emence 
  number of Beaver & orter maney thousand enhabit the river & Creeks 
  near the 3 forks (Pholosiphie's River) We Campd on the Same Side we 
  assended Starboard 20 miles on a direct line up the N# fork. Shabono our 
  intrepreter nearly tired one of his ankles falling him ¬ The bottoms 
  are extencive and tolerable land Covered with tall grass & prickley 
  pears The hills & mountains are high Steep & rockey. The river 
  verry much divided by Islands Some Elk Bear & Deer and Some Small 
  timber on the Islands. Great quantities of Currents, red, black, yellow, 
  Purple, also Mountain Currents which grow on the Sides of Clifts; inferior 
  in taste to the others haveing Sweet pineish flaver and are red & 
  yellow, Choke Cheries, Boin roche, and the red buries also abound ¬ musquitors 
  verry trouble Som untill the mountain breeze Sprung up which was a little 
  after night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0804-1805-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 26th 1805. Set out early this morning as usual current strong 
  with frequent riffles; employ the cord and seting poles. the oars scarcely 
  ever being used except to pass the river in order to take advantage of the 
  shore and current. at the distance of 33/4 m# passed the entrance of a 
  large Creek 15 yds# wide which discharges itself on Lard# near the center 
  of a Lard# bend it is a bold runing stream this we called Howard's Creek 
  after Thomas P# Howard one of our party. at the distance of one mile 
  further we passed the entrance of a small run which falls in just above a 
  rocky clift on Lard# here the hills or reather mountains again recede from 
  the river and the valley again widens to the extent of several miles with 
  wide and fertile bottom lands. covered with grass and in many places a 
  fine terf of greenswoard. the high lands are thin meagre soil covered with 
  dry low sedge and a species of grass also dry the seeds of which are armed 
  with a long twisted hard beard at the upper extremity while the lower 
  point is a sharp subulate firm point beset at it's base with little stiff 
  bristles standing with their points in a contrary direction to the 
  subulate point to which they answer as a barb and serve also to pres it 
  forward when onece entered a small distance. these barbed seed penetrate 
  our mockersons and leather legings and give us great pain untill they are 
  removed. my poor dog suffers with them excessively, he is constantly 
  hinting and scratching himself as if in a rack of pain. the prickly pear 
  also grow here as abundantly as usual. there is another species of the 
  prickly pear of a globular form, composed of an assemblage of little conic 
  leaves springing from a common root to which their small points are 
  attached as a common center and the base of the cone forms the apex of the 
  leaf which is garnished with a circular range of sharp thorns quite as 
  stif and more keen than the more common species with the flat leaf, like 
  the Cockeneal plant. on entering this open valley I saw the snowclad tops 
  of distant mountains before us. the timber and mountains much as 
  heretofore. saw a number of beaver today and some otter, killed one of the 
  former, also 4 deer; found a deer's skin which had been left by Capt# C# 
  with a note informing me of his having met with a horse but had seen no 
  fresh appearance of the Indians. the river in the valley is from 2 to 250 
  yds# wide and crouded with Islands, in some places it is 3/4 of a mile 
  wide including islands. were it passed the hills it was from 150 to 200 
  yds# the banks are still low but never overflow. one of the men brought me 
  an indian bow which he found, it was made of cedar and about 2 F. 9 Inh. 
  in length. it had nothing remarkable in it's form being much such as is 
  used by the Mandans Minetares &c# This morning Capt# Clark left 
  Sharbono and Joseph Fields at the camp of last evening and proceeded up 
  the river about 12 miles to the top of a mountain from whence he had an 
  extensive view of the valley of the river upwards and of a large creek 
  which flowed into it on Std# side. not meeting with any fresh appearance 
  of Indians he determined to return and examine the middle fork of the 
  missouri and meet me by the time he expected me to arrive at the forks. he 
  returned down the mountain by the way of an old Indian road which led 
  through a deep hollow of the mountain facing the south the day being warm 
  and the road unshaded by timber he suffered excessively with heat and the 
  want of water, at length he arrived at a very cold spring, at which he 
  took the precaution of weting his feet head and hands before drank but 
  notwithstanding this precaution he soon felt the effects of the water. he 
  felt himself very unwell shortly after but continued his march rejoined 
  Sharbono and Fields where the party eat of a fawn which Jo# Fields had 
  killed in their absence Capt# C# was so unwell that he had no inclination 
  to eat. after a short respite he resumed his march pass the North fork at 
  a large island; here Charbono was very near being swept away by the 
  current and cannot swim, Capt# C however risqued him and saved his life. 
  Capt# C# continued his march to a small river which falls into the North 
  fork some miles above the junction of the 3 forks it being the distance of 
  about four miles from his camp of last evening here finding himself still 
  more unwell he determined to encamp. they killed two brown or Grisley bear 
  this evening on the island where they passed the N# fork of the Missouri. 
  this stream is much divided by islands and it's current rapid and much as 
  that of the missouri where we are and is navigable. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0805-1805-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 26th Friday 1805 I deturmined to leave Shabono & one man who had 
  Sore feet to rest & proceed on with the other two to the top of a 
  mountain 12 miles distant west and from thence view the river & 
  vallies a head, we with great dificuelty & much fatigue reached the 
  top at 11 oClock from the top of this mountain I could see the Course of 
  the North fork about 10 miles meandering through a Vallie but Could 
  discover no Indians or Sign which was fresh. I could also See Some 
  distance up the Small River below, and also the middle fork after 
  Satisfying my Self returned to the two men by an old Indian parth, on this 
  parth & in the Mountain we Came to a Spring of excessive Cold water, 
  which we drank reather freely of as we were almost famished; not with 
  Standing the precautions of wetting my face, hands, & feet, I Soon 
  felt the effects of the water. We Contind. thro a Deep Vallie without a 
  Tree to Shade us Scorching with heat to the men who had killed a pore 
  Deer, I was fatigued my feet with Several blisters & Stuck with 
  prickley pears. I eate but verry little deturmined to Cross to the middle 
  fork and examine that. we Crossed the Missouri which was divided by a 
  verry large Island, the first Part was knee deep, the other waste deep 
  & verry rapid ¬ I felt my Self verry unwell & took up Camp on 
  the little river 3 miles above its mouth & near the place it falls 
  into the bottom a fiew Drops of rain this evening 
  = 
  we killed 2 bear which was imediately in our way. both pore emence number 
  of Beaver and orter in this little river which forks in the bottom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0806-1805-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday July 27th 1805. We set out at an early hour and proceeded on but 
  slowly the current still so rapid that the men are in a continual state of 
  their utmost exertion to get on, and they begin to weaken fast from this 
  continual state of violent exertion. at the distance of 13/4 miles the 
  river was again closely hemned in by high Clifts of a solid limestone rock 
  which appear to have tumbled or sunk in the same manner of those discribed 
  yesterday. the limestone appears to be of an excellent quality of deep 
  blue colour when fractured and of a light led colour where exposed to the 
  weather. it appears to be of a very fine grain the fracture like that of 
  marble. we saw a great number of the bighorn on those Clifts. at the 
  distance of 33/4 ms# further we arrived at 9 A#M# at the junction of the 
  S# E# fork of the Missouri and the country opens suddonly to extensive and 
  beatifull plains and meadows which appear to be surrounded in every 
  direction with distant and lofty mountains; supposing this to be the three 
  forks of the Missouri I halted the party on the Lard# shore for breakfast 
  and walked up the S# E# fork about 1/2 a mile and ascended the point of a 
  high limestone clift from whence I commanded a most perfect view of the 
  neighbouring country. From this point I could see the S# E# fork about 7 
  miles. it is rapid and about 70 yards wide. throughout the distance I saw 
  it, it passes through a smoth extensive green meadow of fine grass in it's 
  course meandering in several streams the largest of which passes near the 
  Lard# hills, of which, the one I stand on is the extremity in this 
  direction. a high wide and extensive plain succeeds the meadow and extends 
  back several miles from the river on the Stard# sade and with the range of 
  mountains up the Lard# side of the middle fork. a large spring arrises in 
  this meadow about 1/4 of a mile from the S# E# fork into which it 
  discharges itself on the Stard# side about 400 paces above me. from E to 
  S# between the S# E# and middle forks a distant range of lofty mountains 
  rose their snow~clad tops above the irregular and broken mountains which 
  lie adjacent to this beautifull spot. the extreme point to which I could 
  see the S# E# fork boar S# 65° E# distant 7 ms# as before observed. 
  between the middle and S# E# forks near their junctions with the S# W# 
  fork there is a handsom site for a fortification it consists of a 
  limestone rock of an oblong form; it's sides perpendicular and about 25 ft 
  high except at the extremity towards the middle fork where it ascends 
  gradually and like the top is covered with a fine terf of greenswoard. the 
  top is level and contains about 2 Acres. the rock rises from the level 
  plain as if it had been designed for some such purpose. the extream point 
  to which I can see the bottom and meandering of the Middle fork bears S# 
  15 E distant about 14 miles. here it turns to the right around a point of 
  a high plain and disappears to my view. it's bottoms are several miles in 
  width and like that of the S# E# fork form one smoth and beautifull green 
  meadow. it is also divided into several streams. betwen this and the S# W# 
  fork there is an extensive plain which appears to extend up both those 
  rivers many miles and back to the mountains. the extreme point to which I 
  can see the S# W# fork bears S# 30 W# distant about 12 miles. this stream 
  passes through a similar country with the other two and is more divided 
  and serpentine in it's course than either of the others; it also possesses 
  abundanly more timber in it's bottoms. the timber here consists of the 
  narrowleafed cottonwood almost entirely. but little box alder or sweet 
  willow the underbrush thick and as heretofore discribed in the quarter of 
  the missouri. a range of high mountains at a considerable distance appear 
  to reach from South to West and are partially covered with snow the 
  country to the right of the S# W# fork like that to the left of the S# E# 
  fork is high broken and mountainous as is that also down the missouri 
  behind us, through which, these three rivers after assembling their united 
  force at this point seem to have forced a passage these bottom lands tho 
  not more than 8 or 9 feet above the water seem never to overflow. after 
  making a draught of the connection and meanders of these streams I 
  decended the hill and returned to the party, took breakfast and ascended 
  the S# W# fork 13/4 miles and encamped at a Lard# bend in a handsome level 
  smooth plain just below a bayou, having passed the entrance of the middle 
  fork at 1/2 a mile. here I encamped to wait the return of Capt# Clark and 
  to give the men a little rest which seemed absolutely necessary to them. 
  at the junction of the S# W# and Middle forks I found a note which had 
  been left by Capt# Clark informing me of his intended rout, and that he 
  would rejoin me at this place provided he did not fall in with any fresh 
  sighn of Indians, in which case he intended to pursue untill he over took 
  them calculating on my taking the S# W# fork, which I most certainly 
  prefer as it's direction is much more promising than any other. beleiving 
  this to be an essential point in the geography of this western part of the 
  Continent I determined to remain at all events untill I obtained the 
  necessary data for fixing it's latitude Longitude &c# after fixing my 
  camp I had the canoes all unloaded and the baggage stoed away and securely 
  covered on shore, and then permitted several men to hunt. I walked down to 
  the middle fork and examined and compared it with the S# W# fork but could 
  not satisfy myself which was the largest stream of the two, in fact they 
  appeared as if they had been cast in the same mould there being no 
  difference in character or size, therefore to call either of these streams 
  the Missouri would be giving it a preference wich it's size dose not 
  warrant as it is not larger then the other. they are each 90 yds# wide. in 
  these meadows I saw a number of the duckanmallad with their young which 
  are now nearly grown. Currants of every species as well as goosberries are 
  found here in great abundance and perfection. a large black goosberry 
  which grows to the hight of five or six feet is also found here. this is 
  the growth of the bottom lands and is found also near the little rivulets 
  which make down from the hills and mountains it puts up many stems from 
  the same root, some of which are partialy branched and all reclining. the 
  berry is attatched seperately by a long peduncle to the stem from which 
  they hang pendant underneath. the berry is of an ovate form smooth as 
  large as the common garden goosberry when arrived at maturity and is as 
  black as jet, tho the pulp is of a cimson colour. this fruit is extreemly 
  asced. the leaf resembles the common goosberry in form but is reather 
  larger and somewhat proportioned to the superior size of it's stem when 
  compared with the common goosberry. the stem is covered with very sharp 
  thorns or bryers. below the tree forks as we passed this morning I 
  observed many collections of the mud nests of the small martin attatched 
  to the smooth face of the limestone rocks sheltered by projections of the 
  same rock above. Our hunters returned this evening with 6 deer 3 Otter and 
  a musk rat. they informed me that they had seen great numbers of 
  Antelopes, and much sign of beaver Otter deer Elk, &c# at 3 P#M# Capt 
  Clark arrived very sick with a high fever on him and much fatiegued and 
  exhausted. he informed me that he was very sick all last night had a high 
  fever and frequent chills & constant aking pains in all his mustles. 
  this morning notwithstanding his indisposition he pursued his intended 
  rout to the middle fork about 8 miles and finding no recent sign of 
  Indians rested about an hour and came down the middle fork to this place. 
  Capt# C# thought himself somewhat bilious and had not had a passage for 
  several days; I prevailed on him to take a doze of Rushes pills, which I 
  have always found sovereign in such cases and to bath his feet in warm 
  water and rest himself. Capt# C's indisposition was a further inducement 
  for my remaining here a couple of days; I therefore informed the men of my 
  intention, and they put their deer skins in the water in order to prepare 
  them for dressing tomorrow. we begin to feel considerable anxiety with 
  rispect to the Snake Indians. if we do not find them or some other nation 
  who have horses I fear the successfull issue of our voyage will be very 
  doubtfull or at all events much more difficult in it's accomplishment. we 
  are now several hundred miles within the bosom of this wild and mountanous 
  country, where game may rationally be expected shortly to become scarce 
  and subsistence precarious without any information with rispect to the 
  country not knowing how far these mountains continue, or wher to direct 
  our course to pass them to advantage or intersept a navigable branch of 
  the Columbia, or even were we on such an one the probability is that we 
  should not find any timber within these mountains large enough for canoes 
  if we judge from the portion of them through which we have passed. however 
  I still hope for the best, and intend taking a tramp myself in a few days 
  to find these yellow gentlemen if possible. my two principal consolations 
  are that from our present position it is impossible that the S# W# fork 
  can head with the waters of any other river but the Columbia, and that if 
  any Indians can subsist in the form of a nation in these mountains with 
  the means they have of acquiring food we can also subsist# Capt# C# 
  informed me that there is a part of this bottom on the West side of the 
  Middle fork near the plain, which appears to overflow occasionally and is 
  stony. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0807-1805-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 27th Saturday 1805 I was verry unwell all last night with a high 
  fever & akeing in all my bones. my fever &c# continus, deturmind 
  to prosue my intended rout to the middle fork, accordingly Set out in 
  great pain across a Prarie 8 miles to the Middle this fork is nearly as 
  large as the North fork & appears to be more rapid, we examined and 
  found no fresh Sign of Indians, and after resting about an hour, proceeded 
  down to the junction thro a wide bottom which appears to be overflown 
  every year, & maney parts Stoney this river has Several Islands and 
  number of beaver & orter, but little timber. we could See no fresh 
  Sign of Indians just above the Point I found Capt Lewis encamped haveing 
  arrived about 2 oClock. Several Deer killed this evening. I continue to be 
  verry unwell fever verry high; take 5 of rushes pills & bathe my feet 
  & legs in hot water 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0808-1805-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 28th 1805. My friend Capt# Clark was very sick all last night 
  but feels himself somwhat better this morning since his medicine has 
  opperated. I dispatched two men early this morning up the S# E# Fork to 
  examine the river; and permitted sundry others to hunt in the 
  neighbourhood of this place. Both Capt# C# and myself corrisponded in 
  opinon with rispect to the impropriety of calling either of these streams 
  the Missouri and accordingly agreed to name them after the President of 
  the United States and the Secretaries of the Treasury and state having 
  previously named one river in honour of the Secretaries of War and Navy. 
  In pursuance of this resolution we called the S# W# fork, that which we 
  meant to ascend, Jefferson's River in honor of Thomas Jefferson. the 
  Middle fork we called Madison's River in honor of James Madison, and the 
  S# E# Fork we called Gallitin's River in honor of Albert Gallitin. the two 
  first are 90 yards wide and the last is 70 yards. all of them run with 
  great valocity and thow out large bodies of water. Gallitin's River is 
  reather more rapid than either of the others, is not quite as deep but 
  from all appearances may be navigated to a considerable distance. Capt# C# 
  who came down Madison's river yesterday and has also seen Jefferson's some 
  distance thinks Madison's reather the most rapid, but it is not as much so 
  by any means as Gallitin's. the beds of all these streams are formed of 
  smooth pebble and gravel, and their waters perfectly transparent; in short 
  they are three noble streams. there is timber enough here to support an 
  establishment, provided it be erected with brick or stone either of which 
  would be much cheaper than wood as all the materials for such a work are 
  immediately at the spot. there are several small sand~bars along the 
  shores at no great distance of very pure sand and the earth appears as if 
  it would make good brick. I had all our baggage spread out to dry this 
  morning; and the day proving warm, I had a small bower or booth erected 
  for the comfort of Capt# C# our leather lodge when exposed to the sun is 
  excessively hot. I observe large quantities of the sand rush in these 
  bottoms which grow in many places as high as a man's breast and stand as 
  thick as the stalks of wheat usually do. this affords one of the best 
  winter pastures on earth for horses or cows, and of course will be much in 
  favour of an establishment should it ever be thought necessary to fix one 
  at this place. the grass is also luxouriant and would afford a fine swarth 
  of hay at this time in parsels of many acres together. all those who are 
  not hunting altho much fatiegued are busily engaged in dressing their 
  skins, making mockersons leggings &c to make themselves comfortable. 
  the Musquetoes are more than usually troublesome, the knats are not as 
  much so. in the evening about 4 O'Ck the wind blew hard from South West 
  and after some little time brought on a Cloud attended with thunder and 
  Lightning from which we had a fine refreshing shower which cooled the air 
  considerably; the showers continued with short intervals untill after 
  dark. in the evening the hunters all returned they had killed 8 deer and 2 
  Elk. some of the deer wer in excellent order. those whome I had sent up 
  Gallitin's river reported that after it passed the point to which I had 
  seen it yesterday that it turned more to the East to a considerable 
  distance or as far as they could discover the opening of the Mountains 
  formed by it's valley which was many miles. the bottoms were tolerably 
  wide but not as much so as at or near it's mouth. it's current is rappid 
  and the stream much divided with islands but is sufficiently deep for 
  canoe navigation. Our present camp is precisely on the spot that the Snake 
  Indians were encamped at the time the Minnetares of the Knife R# first 
  came in sight of them five years since. from hence they retreated about 
  three miles up Jeffersons river and concealed themselves in the woods, the 
  Minnetares pursued, attacked them, killed 4 men 4 women a number of boys, 
  and mad prisoners of all the females and four boys, Sah~cah~gar~we~ah or 
  Indian woman was one of the female prisoners taken at that time; tho I 
  cannot discover that she shews any immotion of sorrow in recollecting this 
  event, or of joy in being again restored to her native country; if she has 
  enough to eat and a few trinkets to wear I beleive she would be perfectly 
  content anywhere. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0809-1805-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 28th Sunday 1805 I was verry unwell all night, Something better this 
  morning, a very worm day untill 4 oClock when the wind rose & blew 
  hard from the S W# and was Cloudy, The Thermometr. Stood at 90° above 0 in 
  the evening a heavy thunder Shower from the S W# which continud at 
  intervales untill after dark, Several deer killed to day men all employed 
  dressing Skins for Clothes & Mockersons, two men went up the East fork 
  & reports that it is nearly the Size of the N# fork, verry rapid & 
  has maney Islands. Our present Camp is the prosise Spot the Snake Indians 
  were Camped at the time the Minetarries came in Sight, attacked & 
  killed 4 men 4 women & a number of boys, & made prisoners of all. 
  the females & 4 boys. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0810-1805-07-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 29, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 29th 1805. This morning some of the hunters turned out and 
  returned in a few hours with four fat bucks, the venison is now very fine 
  we have killed no mule deer since we lay here, they are all of the 
  longtailed red deer which appear quite as large as those of the United 
  States. the hunters brought in a living young sandhill crane it has nearly 
  obtained it's growth but cannot fly; they had pursued it and caught it in 
  the meadows. it's colour is precisely that of the red deer. we see a 
  number of the old or full grown crams of this species feeding in these 
  meadows. this young animal is very ferce and strikes a severe blow with 
  his beak; after amusing myself with it I had it set at liberty and it 
  moved off apparently much pleased with being releived from his captivity. 
  the men have been busily engaged all day in dising skins and making them 
  into various garments all are leather dressers and taylors. we see a great 
  abundance of fish in the stream some of which we take to be trout but they 
  will not bite at any bate we can offer them. the King fisher is common on 
  the river since we have left the falls of the Missouri. we have not seen 
  the summer duck since we left that place, nor do I beleive that it is an 
  inhabitant of the Rocky mountains. the Duckanmallard were first seen with 
  their young on the 20th inst. and I forgot to note it; they are now 
  abundant with their young but do not breed in the missouri below the 
  mountains. the grasshopers and crickets are abundant in the plains as are 
  also the small birds frequently mentioned. there is also in these plains a 
  large ant with a redish brown body and legs, and a black head and abdomen; 
  they construct little perimids of small gravel in a conic shape, about 10 
  or 12 inches high without a mixture of sticks and with but little earth. 
  Capt# Clark is much better today, is perfectly clear of fever but still 
  very languid and complains of a general soarness in all his limbs. I 
  prevailed on him to take the barks which he has done and eate tolerably 
  freely of our good venison. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0811-1805-07-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 29 Monday 1805 A fair morning wind from the North I feel my Self 
  something better to day, made some Celestial observations took two Merdn. 
  altitudes which gave for Latd# 45° 22' 34" N men all dressing Skins &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0812-1805-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 30th 1805. Capt# Clark being much better this morning and 
  having completed my observations we reloaded our canoes and set out, 
  ascending Jeffersons river. Sharbono, his woman two invalleds and myself 
  walked through the bottom on the Lard# side of the river about 41/2 miles 
  when we again struck it at the place the woman informed us that she was 
  taken prisoner. here we halted untill Capt# Clark arrived which was not 
  untill after one P#M# the water being strong and the river extreemly 
  crooked. we dined and again proceeded on; as the river now passed through 
  the woods the invalleds got on board together with Sharbono and the Indian 
  woman; I passed the river and continued my walk on the Stard# side. saw a 
  vast number of beaver in many large dams which they had maid in various 
  bayoes of the river which are distributed to the distance of three or four 
  miles on this side of the river over an extensive bottom of timbered and 
  meadow lands intermixed. in order to avoid these bayoes and beaver dams 
  which I found difficult to pass I directed my course to the high plain to 
  the right which I gained after some time with much difficulty and waiding 
  many beaver dams to my waist in mud and water. I would willingly have 
  joined the canoes but the brush were so thick, the river crooked and 
  bottoms intercepted in such manner by the beaver dams, that I found it 
  uceless to attempt to find them, and therefore proceeded on up the river 
  in order to intersept it where it came near the plain and woult be more 
  collected into one channel. at length about sunset I arrived at the river 
  only about six miles from my calculation on a direct line from the place I 
  had left the canoes but I thought they were still below me. I found the 
  river was divided where I reached it by an Island and was therefore 
  fearfull that they might pass without my seeing them, and went down to the 
  lower point of the large island; here I discovered a small Island, close 
  under the shore on which I was; I passed the narrow channel to the small 
  island and examined the gravly bar along the edge of the river for the 
  tracks of the men, knowing from the appearance of the river at this place 
  that if they had passed they would have used the cord on the side where I 
  was. I saw no tracks and was then fully convinced that they were below me. 
  I fired my gun and hallooed but counld hear nothing of them. by this time 
  it was getting nearly dark and a duck lit on the shore in about 40 steps 
  of me and I killed it; having now secured my supper I looked our for a 
  suitable place to amuse myself in combating the musquetoes for the 
  ballance of the evening. I found a parsel of drift wood at the head of the 
  little Island on which I was and immediately set it on fire and collected 
  some willow brush to lye on. I cooked my duck which I found very good and 
  after eating it layed down and should have had a comfortable nights lodge 
  but for the musquetoes which infested me all night. late at night I was 
  awakened by the nois of some animal runing over the stoney bar on which I 
  lay but did not see it; from the weight with which it ran I supposed it to 
  be either an Elk or a brown bear. the latter are very abundant in this 
  neighbourhood. the night was cool but I felt very little inconvenience 
  from it as I had a large fire all night. Capt# Clark had proceeded on 
  after I seperated from him and encamped on a islad. only about 2 miles 
  below me but did not hear the report of my gun nor of my hooping. I saw 
  some deer and antelopes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0813-1805-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 30th Monday 1805 We Set out 8 oClock and proceeded on 131/2 miles up 
  the N# fork the river verry rapid & Sholey the Channel entirely Corse 
  gravel many Islands and a number of Chanels in different directions thro 
  the bottom &c# passed the place the Squar interpretress was taken, one 
  man with his Sholder Strained, 2 with Turners, we Camped on the Std# Side 
  the evening Cool. Capt Lewis who walkd on Shore did not join me this 
  evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0814-1805-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 31st 1805. This morning I waited at my camp very 
  impatiently for the arrival of Capt# Clark and party; I observed by my 
  watch that it was 7 A#M# and they had not come in sight. I now became very 
  uneasy and determined to wait until 8 and if they did not arrive by that 
  time to proceed on up the river taking it as a fact that they had passed 
  my camp some miles last evening. just as I set out to pursue my plan I 
  discovered Charbono walking up shore some distance below me and waited 
  untill arrived I now learnt that the canoes were behind, they arrived 
  shortly after. their detention had been caused by the rapidity of the 
  water and the circuitous rout of the river. they halted and breakfasted 
  after which we all set out again and I continued my walk on the Stard# 
  shore the river now becomes more collected the islands tho numerous ar 
  generally small. the river continues rapid and is from 90 to 120 yd# wide 
  has a considerable quantity of timber in it's bottoms. towards evening the 
  bottoms became much narrower and the timber much more scant. high hills 
  set in close on the Lard# and the plain high waivy or reather broken on 
  the Stard# and approach the river closely for a shot distance vally above 
  11/2 M wd# About one mile above Capt# Clark's encampment of the last 
  evening the principall entrance of a considerable river discharges itself 
  into Jefferson's river. this stream is a little upwards of 30 yd# wide 
  discharges a large quantity of very clear water it's bed like that of 
  Jefferson's river is pebble and gravel. it takes it's rise in the snowclad 
  mountains between Jefferson's and Madison's Rivers to the S# W# and 
  discharges itself into the former by seven mouths it has some timber in 
  it's bottoms and vas numbers of beaver and Otter. this stream we call 
  River Philosophy. the rock of the clifts this evening is a hard black 
  grannite like that of the clifts of most parts of the river below the 
  limestone clifts at the 3 forks of the Missouri this evening just before 
  we encamped Drewyer discovered a brown bear enter a small cops of bushes 
  on the Lard# side; we surrounded the place an surched the brush but he had 
  escaped in some manner unperceived but how we could not discover. nothing 
  killed today and our fresh meat is out. when we have a plenty of fresh 
  meat I find it impossible to make the men take any care of it, or use it 
  with the least frugallity. tho I expect that necessity will shortly teach 
  them this art. the mountiains on both sides of the river at no great 
  distance are very lofty. we have a lame crew just now, two with turners or 
  bad boils on various parts of them, one with a bad stone bruise, one with 
  his arm accedently dislocated but fortunately well replaced, and a fifth 
  has streigned his back by sliping and falling backwards on the gunwall of 
  the canoe. the latter is Sergt# Gass. it gives him great pain to work in 
  the canoe in his present situation, but he thinks he can walk with 
  convenience, I therefore scelected him as one of the party to accompany me 
  tomorrow, being determined to go in quest of the Snake Indians. I also 
  directed Drewyer and Charbono to hold themselves in readiness. Charbono 
  thinks that his ankle is sufficiently recovered to stand the march but I 
  entertain my doubts of the fact; he is very anxious to accompany me and I 
  therefore indulge him. There is some pine on the hills on both sides of 
  the river opposite to our encampment which is on the Lard# side upon a 
  small island just above a run. the bull rush & Cat~tail flag grow in 
  great abundance in the moist parts of the bottoms the dryer situations are 
  covered with fine grass, tanzy, thistles, onions and flax. the bottom land 
  fertile and of a black rich loam. the uplands poor sterile and of a light 
  yellow clay with a mixture of small smooth pebble and gravel, poducing 
  prickley pears, sedge and the bearded grass in great abundance; this grass 
  is now so dry that it would birn like tinder. we saw one bighorn 
  today a few antelopes and deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0815-1805-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  July 31st Tuesday 1805 a fair Morning Capt Lewis out all night, we arrived 
  at his Camp to brackfast, he was without a blanket, & he killed a Duck 
  whiche Suped on &c# the river as yesterday Sholey & rapid, passed 
  the lower mouth of a Small river on the Lard# in the morning & the 
  upper mouth a  ¿¿  Miles above, this little river is the one I camped on 
  the 26th & heads in the Snow mountains to the S W# proceeded on verry 
  well and Camped on a Small Island a little above the place I Camped the 
  25th instant at the mouth of a run on the Lard Side, the bottoms from the 
  Mouth of the river extend to 21/2 Miles & enter a Short & high 
  hill which is about 1 mile thro and, the river then passes thro a 2d value 
  of about 11/2 Miles wide, Some Islands. below this Knobe the river is 
  Crouded with Islands, we are out of fresh meet, & nothing killed to 
  day The Mountains on either Side is high & rough we have two men with 
  toumers and unable to work. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis deturmin to proceed on with three men in Serch of the Snake 
  Indians, tomorrow 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0816-1805-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  August 1st 1805 At half after 8 A#M# we halted for breakfast and as had 
  been previously agreed on between Capt# Clark and myself I set out with 3 
  men in quest of the Snake Indians. the men I took were the two 
  Interpreters Drewyer and Sharbono and Sergt# Gass who by an accedental 
  fall had so disabled himself that it was with much pain he could work in 
  the canoes tho he could march with convenience. the rout we took lay over 
  a rough high range of mountains on the North side of the river. the rive 
  entered these mountains a few miles above where we left it. Capt Clark 
  recommended this rout to me from a belief that the river as soon as it 
  past the mountains boar to the N# of W# he having a few days before 
  ascended these mountains to a position from which he discovered a large 
  valley passing betwen the mountains and which boar to the N# West. this 
  however poved to be the inlet of a large creek which discharged itself 
  into the river just above this range of mountans, the river bearing to the 
  S# W# we were therefore thrown several miles out of our rout. as soon as 
  we discovered our mistake we directed our course to the river which we at 
  length gained about 2 P#M# much exhausted by the heat of the day the 
  roughnes of the road and the want of water. the mountains are extreemly 
  bare of timber and our rout lay through the steep valleys exposed to the 
  heat of the sun without shade and scarcely a breath of air; and to add to 
  my fatiegue in this walk of about 11 miles I had taken a doze of glauber 
  salts in the morning in consequence of a slight desentary with which I had 
  been afflicted for several days; being weakened by the disorder and the 
  opperation of the medecine I found myself almost exhausted before we 
  reached the river. I felt my sperits much revived on our near approach to 
  the river at the sight of a herd of Elk of which Drewyer and myself killed 
  two. we then hurried to the river and allayed our thirst. I ordered two of 
  the men to skin the Elk and bring the meat to the river while myself and 
  the other prepared a fire and cooked some of the meat for our dinner. we 
  made a comfortable meal of the Elk and left the ballance of the meat on 
  the bank of the river the party with Capt# Clark. this supply was no doubt 
  very acceptable to them as they had had no fresh meat for near two days 
  except one beaver Game being very scarce and shy. we had seen a few deer 
  and some goats but had not been fortunate enough to kill any of them. 
  after dinner we resumed our march and encamped about 6 m# above on the 
  Stard side of the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0817-1805-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 1st 1805. This morning we set out early and proceeded on 
  tolerably well untill 8 OCT# by which time we had arrived within a few 
  miles of a mountain through which the river passes. we halted on the 
  Stard# side and took breakfast. after which or at 1/2 after 8 A#M# as had 
  been previously concerted betwen Capt# Clark and myself I set out with 
  three men in surch of the Snake Indians or Sosonees. our rout lay over a 
  high range of mountains on the North side of the river. Capt C# 
  recommended this rout to me no doubt from a beleif that the river as soon 
  as it passed this chain of mountains boar to the N# of W# he having on the 
  26th ult. ascended these mountains to a position from whence he discoved a 
  large valley passing between the mountains which boar to the N# W# and 
  presumed that the river passed in that direction; this however proved to 
  be the passage of a large creek which discharged itself into the river 
  just above this range of mountains, the river bearing to the S# W# we were 
  therefore thrown several miles out of our rout. as soon as we discovered 
  our error we directed our course to the river which we at length gained 
  about 2 P#M# much exhausted by the heat of the day, the roughness of the 
  road and the want of water. the mountains are extreemly bare of timber, 
  and our rout lay through the steep and narrow hollows of the mountains 
  exposed to the intese heat of the midday sun without shade or scarcely a 
  breath of air to add to my fatiegue in this walk of about 11 miles, I had 
  taken a doze of glauber salts in the morning in consequence of a slight 
  disentary with which I had been afflicted for several days. being weakened 
  by the disorder and the operation of the medicine I found myself almost 
  exhausted before we reached the river. I felt my sperits much revived on 
  our near approach to the river at the sight of a herd of Elk, of which 
  Drewyer and myself soon killed a couple. we then hurryed to the river and 
  allayed our thirst. I ordered two of the men to skin the Elk and bring the 
  meat to the river, while myself and the other prepared a fire and cooked 
  some of the meat for our dinner. we made a comfortable meal on the Elk, 
  and left the ballance of the meat and skins on the bank of the river for 
  Capt# Clark and party. this supply will no doubt be acceptable to them, as 
  they had had no fresh meat when I left them for almost 2 days except one 
  beaver; game being very scarce and shy above the forks. we had seen a few 
  deer and antelopes but had not been fortunate enough to kill any of them. 
  as I passed these mountains I saw a flock of the black or dark brown 
  phesants; the young phesant is almost grown we killed one of them. this 
  bird is fully a third larger than the common phesant of the Atlantic 
  states. it's form is much the same. it is booted nearly to the toes and 
  the male has not the tufts of long black feathers on the sides of the neck 
  which are so conspicuous in those of the Atlantic. their colour is a 
  uniform dark brown with a small mixture of yellow or yelloish brown specks 
  on some of the feathers particularly those of the tail, tho the 
  extremities of these are perfectly black for about one inch. the eye is 
  nearly black, the iris has a small dash of yellowish brown. the feathers 
  of the tail are reather longer than that of our phesant or pattridge as 
  they are Called in the Eastern States; are the same in number or eighteen 
  and all nearly of the same length, those in the intermediate part being 
  somewhat longest. the flesh of this bird is white and agreeably flavored. 
  I also saw near the top of the mountain among some scattering pine a blue 
  bird about the size of the common robbin. it's action and form is somewhat 
  that of the jay bird and never rests long in any one position but 
  constantly flying or hoping from sprey to sprey. I shot at one of them but 
  missed it. their note is loud and frequently repeated both flying and when 
  at rest and is char ah', char'ah, char ah', as nearly as letters can 
  express it. after dinner we resumed our march and my pack felt much 
  lighter than it had done about 2 hours before. we traveled about six miles 
  further and encamped on the stard. bank of the river, making a distance of 
  17 miles for this day. the Musquetoes were troublesome but I had taken the 
  precaution of bringing my bier. 
  = 
  Shortly after I left Capt# Clark this morning he proceed on and passed 
  through the mountains; they formed tremendious clifts of ragged and nearly 
  perpendicular rocks; the lower.part of this rock is of the black grannite 
  before mentioned and the upper part a light coloured freestone. these 
  clifts continue for 9 miles and approach the river very closely on either 
  side. he found the current verry strong. Capt# C# killed a big horn on 
  these clifts which himself and party dined on. after passing this range of 
  mountains he entered this beautifull valley in which we also were it is 
  from 6 to 8 miles wide. the river is crooked and crouded with islands, 
  it's bottoms wide fertile and covered with fine grass from 9 inches to 2 
  feet high and possesses but a scant proportion of timber, which consists 
  almost entirely of a few narrow leafed cottonwood trees distributed along 
  the verge of the river. in the evening Capt# C# found the Elk I had left 
  him and ascended a short distance above to the entrance of a large creek 
  which falls in on Stard# and encamped opposite to it on the Lard# side. he 
  sent out the two Fieldses to hunt this evening and they killed 5 deer, 
  which with the Elk again gave them a plentifull store of fresh provisions. 
  this large creek we called Field's Creek after Reubin Fields one our 
  party. on the river about the mountains wich Capt# C# passed today he saw 
  some large cedar trees and some juniper also just at the upper side of the 
  mountain there is a bad rappid here the toe line of our canoe broke in the 
  shoot of the rapids and swung on the rocks and had very nearly overset. a 
  small distance above this rapid a large bold Creek falls in on Lard# side 
  which we called Frazier's Creek after Robt. Frazier. They saw a large 
  brown bear feeding on currants but could not get a shoot at him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0818-1805-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 1st Wednesday 1805 A fine day Capt# Lewis left me at 8 oClock just 
  below the place I entered a verrey high mountain which jutted its 
  tremedious Clifts on either Side for 9 Miles, the rocks ragide Some verry 
  dark & other part verry light rock the light rocks is Sand Stone. The 
  water Swift & very Sholey. I killed a Ibix on which the whole party 
  Dined, after passing through the Mountain we entered a wide extesive 
  vallie of from 4 to 8 Miles wide verry leavell a Creek falls in at the 
  Commencement of this Vallie on the Lard Side, the river widens & 
  spreds into Small Chanels. We encamped on the Lard Side opposit a large 
  Creek I sent out Jo# & R fields to hunt this evening they killed 5 
  Deer, I saw a large Bear eateing Currents this evining The river so rapid 
  that the greatest exertion is required by all to get the boats on wind S W 
  Murckery at sun rise 50° Ab. 0 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0819-1805-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  August 2nd 1805. We resumed our march this morning at sunrise the weather 
  was fair and wind from N# W# finding that the river still boar to the 
  south I determined to pass it if possible to shorten our rout this we 
  effected about five miles above our camp of last evening by wading it. 
  found the current very rappid about 90 yards wide and waist deep this is 
  the first time that I ever dared to make the attempt to wade the river, 
  tho there are many places between this and the three forks where I presume 
  it migh be attempted with equal success. the valley though which our rout 
  of this day lay and through which the river winds it's meandering course 
  is a beatifull level plain with but little timber and that on the verge of 
  the river. the land is tolerably fertile, consisting of a black or dark 
  yellow loam, and covered with grass from 9 Inches to 2 feet high. the 
  plain ascends gradually on either side of the river to the bases of two 
  ranges of mountains which ly parrallel to the river and which terminate 
  the width of the vally. the tops of these mountains were yet partially 
  covered with snow while we in the valley. were suffocated nearly with the 
  intense heat of the midday sun. the nights are so could that two blankets 
  are not more than sufficient covering. we found a great courants, two 
  kinds of which were red, others yellow deep purple and black, also black 
  goosburies and service buries now ripe and in full perfection, we feasted 
  suptuously on our wild fruit particularly the yellow courant and the deep 
  purple servicebury which I found to be excellent the courrant grows very 
  much like the red currant common to the gardens in the atlantic states tho 
  the leaf is somewhat different and the growth taller. the service burry 
  grows on a smaller bush and differs from ours only in colour and the 
  superior excellence of it's flavor and size, it is of a deep purple. this 
  day we saw an abundance of deer and goats or antelopes and a great number 
  of the tracks of Elk; of the former we killed two. we continued our rout 
  along this valley which is from six to eight Miles wide untill sun set 
  when we encamped for the night on the river bank having traveled about 24 
  miles. I feel myself perfectly recovered of my indisposition and do not 
  doubt being able to pursue my march with equal comfort in the morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0820-1805-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 2cd 1805. We resumed our march this morning at sunrise; the 
  day was fair and wind from N# W# finding that the river still boar to the 
  South I determined to pass it if possible in order to shorten our rout; 
  this we effected by wading the river about 5 miles above our encampment of 
  the last evening. we found the current very rapid waist deep and about 90 
  yd# wide bottom smooth pebble with a small mixture of coarse gravel. this 
  is the first time that I ever dared to wade the river, tho there are many 
  places between this and the forks where I presume it might be attempted 
  with equal success. The vally allong which we passed today, and through 
  which the river winds it's meandering course is from 6 to 8 miles wide and 
  consists of a beatifull level plain with but little timber and that 
  confined to the verge of the river; the land is tolerably fertile, and is 
  either black or a dark yellow loam, covered with grass from 9 inches to 2 
  feet high. the plain ascends gradually on either side of the river to the 
  bases of two ranges of high mountains, which lye parallel to the river and 
  prescribe the limits of the plains. the tops of these mountains are yet 
  covered partially with snow, while we in the valley are nearly suffocated 
  with the intense heat of the midday sun; the nights are so cold that two 
  blankets are not more than sufficient covering. soon after passing the 
  river this morning Sergt# Gass lost my tommahawk in the thick brush and we 
  were unable to find it, I regret the loss of this usefull implement, 
  however accedents will happen in the best families, and I consoled myself 
  with the recollection that it was not the only one we had with us. the 
  bones of the buffaloe and their excrement of an old date are to be met 
  with in every part of this valley but we have long since lost all hope of 
  meeting with that animal in these mountains. we met with great quantities 
  of currants today, two species of which were red, others yellow, deep 
  perple and black; also black goosberries and serviceberries now ripe and 
  in great perfection. we feasted sumptuously on our wild fruits, 
  particularly the yellow currant and the deep perple serviceberries, which 
  I found to be excellent. the serviceberry grows on a small bush and 
  differs from ours only in colour size and superior excellence of it's 
  flavour. it is somewhat larger than ours. on our way we saw an abundance 
  of deer Antelopes, of the former we killed 2. we also saw many tracks of 
  the Elk and bear. no recent appearance of Indians. the Indians in this 
  part of the country appear to construct their lodges with the willow 
  boughs and brush; they are small of a conic figure and have a small 
  aperture on one side through which they enter. we continued our rout up 
  this valley on the Lard# side of the river untill sunset, at which time we 
  encamped on the Lard# bank of the river having traveled 24 miles. we had 
  brought with us a good stock of venison of which we eat a hearty supper. I 
  feel myself perfectly recovered of my indisposition, and do not doubt 
  being able to pursue my rout tomorrow with the same comfort I have done 
  today. we saw some very large beaver dams today in the bottoms of 
  the river several of which wer five feet high and overflowed several acres 
  of land; these dams are formed of willow brush mud and gravel and are so 
  closely interwoven that they resist the water perfectly. the base of this 
  work is thick and rises nearly perpendicularly on the lower side while the 
  upper side or that within the dam is gently sloped. the brush appear to be 
  laid in no regular order yet acquires a strength by the irregularity with 
  which they are placed by the beaver that it would puzzle the engenuity of 
  man to give them. 
  = 
  Capt# Clark continued his rout early this morning. the rapidity of the 
  current was such that his progress was slow, in short it required the 
  utmost exertion of the men to get on, nor could they resist this current 
  by any other means than that of the cord and pole. in the course of the 
  day they passed some villages of burrowing squirrels, saw a number of 
  beaver dams and the inhabitants of them, many young ducks both of the 
  Duckanmallard and the redheaded fishing duck, gees, several rattle snakes, 
  black woodpeckers, and a large gang of Elk; they found the river much 
  crouded with island both large and small and passed a small creek on 
  Stard# side which we called birth Creek. Capt# Clark discovers a tumor 
  rising on the inner side of his ankle this evening which was painfull to 
  him. they incamped in a level bottom on the Lard# side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0821-1805-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 2nd Friday 1805 a fine day Set out early the river has much the 
  Same kind of banks Chanel Current &c# as it had in the last vallie, I 
  walked out this morning on Shore & Saw Several rattle Snakes in the 
  plain, the wind from the S W we proceeded on with great dificuelty from 
  the rapidity of the current & rapids, abt# 15 miles and Encamped on 
  the Lard Side, saw a large Gangue of Elk at Sunset to the S W# passed a 
  Small Creek on the Stard Side and maney large and Small Islands. Saw a 
  number of young Ducks as we have also Seen everry Day, Some geese I saw 
  Black woodpeckers ¬ I have either got my foot bitten by Some poisonous 
  insect or a turner is riseing on the inner bone of my ankle which is 
  painfull 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0822-1805-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  August the 3rd 1805. Set out this morning at sunrise and continued our 
  rout through the valley on the Lard# side of the river. at eleven A#M# 
  Drewyer killed a doe and we halted and took breakfast. the mountains 
  continue high on either side of the valley, and are but skantily supplyed 
  with timber; small pine appears to be the prevalent growth. there is no 
  timber in the valley except a small quantity of the narrow leafed 
  cottonwood on the verge of the river. the underwood consists of the 
  narrowleafed or small willow, honeysuckle rosebushes, courant, goosbury 
  and service bury bushes allso a small quantity of a species of dwarf burch 
  the leaf of which, oval, deep green, finely indented and very small. we 
  encamped this evening after sunset having traveled by estimate 23 miles. 
  from the width and appearance of the valley at this place I concieved that 
  the river forked not far above me and therefore resolved the next morning 
  to examine the adjacent country more minutely. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0823-1805-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 3rd 1805. Set out early this morning, or before sunrise; 
  still continued our march through the level valley on the lard. side of 
  the river. the valley much as yesterday only reather wider; I think it 12 
  Miles wide, tho the plains near the mountains rise higher and are more 
  broken with some scattering pine near the mountain. in the leaveler parts 
  of the plain and river bottoms which are very extensive there is no timber 
  except a scant proportion of cottonwood neat the river. the under wood 
  consists of the narrow leafed or small willow, the small honeysuckle, 
  rosebushes, currant, serviceberry, and goosbery bushes; also a small 
  species of berth in but small quantities the leaf which is oval finely, 
  indented, small and of a deep green colour. the stem is simple ascending 
  and branching, and seldom rises higher than 10 or 12 feet. the Mountains 
  continue high on either side of the valley, and are but scantily supplyed 
  with timber; small pine apears to be the prevalent growth; it is of the 
  pith kind, with a short leaf. at 11 A#M# Drewyer killed a doe and we 
  halted about 2 hours and breakfasted, and then continued our rout untill 
  night without halting, when we arrived at the river in a level bottom 
  which appeared to spread to greater extent than usual. from the appearance 
  of the timber I supposed that the river forked above us and resolved to 
  examine this part of the river minutely tomorrow. this evening we passed 
  through a high plain for about 8 miles covered with prickley pears and 
  bearded grass, tho we found this even better walking than the wide bottoms 
  of the river, which we passed in the evening; these altho apparently 
  level, from some cause which I know not, were formed into meriads of deep 
  holes as if rooted up by hogs these the grass covered so thick that it was 
  impossible to walk without the risk of falling down at every step. some 
  parts of these bottoms also possess excellent terf or peat, I beleive of 
  many feet deep. the mineral salts also frequently mentioned on the 
  Missouri we saw this evening in these uneven bottoms. we saw many deer, 
  Antelopes ducks, gees, some beaver and great appearance of their work. 
  also a small bird and the Curlooe as usual. we encamped on the river bank 
  on Lard# side having traveled by estimate 23 Miles. The fish of this part 
  of the river are trout and a species of scale fish of a white colour and a 
  remarkable small long mouth which one of our men inform us are the same 
  with the species called in the Eastern states bottlenose. the snowey 
  region of the mountains and for some distance below has no timber or 
  herbage of any kind; the timber is confined to the lower and middle 
  regions. Capt# Clark set out this morning as usual. he walked on shore a 
  small distance this morning and killed a deer. in the course of his walk 
  he saw a track which he supposed to be that of an Indian from the 
  circumstance of the large toes turning inward. he pursued the track and 
  found that the person had ascended a point of a hill from which his camp 
  of the last evening was visible; this circumstance also confirmed the 
  beleif of it's being an Indian who had thus discovered them and ran off. 
  they found the river as usual much crouded with islands, the currant more 
  rapid & much more shallow than usual. in many places they were obliged 
  to double man the canoes and drag them over the stone and gravel. this 
  morning they passed a small creek on Stard# at the entrance of which 
  Reubin Fields killed a large Panther. we called the creek after that 
  animal Panther Creek. they also passed a handsome little stream on Lard# 
  which is form of several large springs which rise in the bottoms and along 
  the base of the mountains with some little rivulets from the melting 
  snows. the beaver have formed many large dams on this stream. they saw 
  some deer Antelopes and the common birds of the country. in the evening 
  they passed a very bad rappid where the bed of the river is formed entrely 
  of solid rock and encamped on an island just above. the Panther which 
  Fields killed measured seven and 1/2 feet from the nose to the extremity 
  of the tail. it is precisely the same animal common to the western part of 
  our country. the men wer compelled to be a great proportion of their time 
  in the water today; they have had a severe days labour and are much 
  fortiegued. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0824-1805-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 3rd Saturday1805 a fine morning wind from the N E I walked on Shore 
  & killed a Deer in my walk I saw a fresh track which I took to be an 
  Indian from the Shape of the foot as the toes turned in, I think it 
  probable that this Indian Spied our fires and Came to a Situation to view 
  us from the top of a Small knob on the Lard Side. the river more rapid and 
  Sholey than yesterday one R# F. man killed a large Panthor on the Shore we 
  are oblige to haul over the Canoes Sholey in maney places where the 
  Islands are noumerous and bottom Sholey, in the evening the river more 
  rapid and Sholey we encamped on an Island avove a part of the river which 
  passed thro a rockey bed enclosed on both sides with thick willow current 
  & red buries &c &c passed a bold Stream which heads in the 
  mountains to our right and the drean of the minting Snow in the Montn. on 
  that side ar in View ¬ at 4 oClock passed a bold Stream which falls 
  from a mountn in three Channels to our left, the Greater portion of the 
  Snow on this mountain is melted, but little remaining near us Some Deer 
  Elk & antelopes & Bear in the bottoms. but fiew trees and they 
  Small the Mountains on our left Contain pine those on our right but verry 
  partially Supplied and what pine & cedar it has is on the Lower 
  region, no wood being near the Snow. great numbers of Beaver Otter &c# 
  Some fish trout & and bottle nose. Birds as usial. Geese young Ducks 
  & Curlows 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0825-1805-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  August 4th 1805. Set out very early this morning and steered S# E# by E# 
  about 4 Miles when we passed a bould runing creek about 12 yards wide the 
  water could and remarkably clear, we then changed our course to S# E# 
  passing obliquely across a valley which boar nearly E leaving the valley 
  which we had pursued for the 2 precedeing days. at the distance of 3 miles 
  we passed a handsome little river which passes through this valley; it is 
  about 30 yards wide affords a considerable quantity of water and I believe 
  it may be navigated some miles. I then changed my rout to S# W# passed a 
  high plain which lyes between the vallies and returned to the S# valley, 
  in passing which I fell in with a river about 45 yards wide which I waideg 
  and then continued my rout down to it's junction with the river just 
  mentioned, and from thence to the entrance of the creek which falls in 
  about 2 miles below; still continuing my rout down this stream about three 
  miles further and about 2 M# below our encampment of the last evening this 
  river forms a junction with a river 50 yards wide which comes from the N# 
  W# and falling into the S# valley runs parrallel with the middle fork 
  about 12 miles. this is a bould rappid & clear stream it's bed so 
  broken and obstructed by gravel bars and Islands that it appeared to me 
  impossible to navigate it with safety. the middle fork is gentle and 
  possesses about 2/3ds as much water as this rappid stream, it's cours so 
  far as I can observe it is about S# W# and it appears to be navigable; its 
  water is much warmer than that of the rappid fork and somewhat turbid, 
  from which I concluded that it had it's source at a greater distance in 
  the mountains and passed through an opener country than the other. under 
  this impression I wrote a note to Capt# Clark recommending his taking the 
  middle fork provided he should arrive at this place before my return which 
  I expect will be the day after tomorrow. the note I left on a pole at the 
  forks of the river and having refreshed ourselves and eat heartily of some 
  venison we killed this morning I continued my rout up the Stard side of 
  the N# W# fork, determining to pursue it untill 12 OC# the next day and 
  then pass over to the middle fork and return to their junction or untill I 
  met Capt# Clark. we encamped this evening near the point where the river 
  leaves the valley and enters the mountains, having traveled about 20 
  miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0826-1805-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday August 4th 1805. Set out very early this morning and Steered S# E# 
  by E# 4 M# when we pased a bold runing Creek 12 yds# wide, the water of 
  which was clear and very cold. it appears to be formed by four dranes from 
  the snowey mountains to our left. after passing this creek we changed our 
  direction to S# E# passing obliquely across a valley which boar E leaving 
  the valley we had pursued for the two peceeding days. at the distance of 3 
  Ms# we passed a handsome little river which meanders through this valley; 
  it is about 30 yds wide, affords a considerable quantity of water and 
  appears as if it might be navigated some miles. the currant is not rapid 
  nor the water very clear; the banks are low and the bed formed of stone 
  and gravel. I now changed my rout to S# W# passed a high plain which lies 
  betwen the valleies and returned to the South valley, in passing which I 
  fell in with a river about 45 yds# wide gravley bottom gentle currant 
  waist deep and water of a whitish blue tinge. this stream we waded and 
  continued our rout down it to the entrance of the river just mentioned 
  about 3/4 of a mile. still continuing down we passed the entrance of the 
  creek about 2 miles lower down; and at the distance of three miles further 
  arrived at it's junction with a river 50 yds# wide which Comes from the S# 
  W# and falling into the South valley runs parallel with the middle fork 
  about 12 miles before it forms a junction. I now found that our encampment 
  of the last evening was about 11/2 miles above the entrance of this large 
  river on Stard# this is a bold rappid and Clear Stream, it's bed so much 
  broken and obstructed by gravley bars and it's waters so much subdivided 
  by Islands that it appears to me utterly impossible to navigate it with 
  safety. the middle fork is gentle and possesses about 2/3rds as much water 
  as this stream. it's course so far as I can observe it is about S# W#, and 
  from the opening of the valley I beleive it still bears more to the West 
  above it may be safely navigated. it's water is much warmer then the rapid 
  fork and it's water more turbid; from which I conjecture that it has it's 
  sources at a greater distance in the mountains and passes through an 
  opener country than the other. under this impression I wrote a note to 
  Capt Clark, recommending his taking the middle fork povided he should 
  arrive at this place before my return, which I expect will be the day 
  after tomorrow. this note I left on a pole at the forks of the river, and 
  having refreshed ourselves and eat heartily of some venison which we 
  killed this morning we continued our rout up the rapid fork on the Stard 
  side, resolving to pursue this stream untill noon tomorrow and then pass 
  over to the middle fork and come down it to their junction or untill I 
  meet Capt Clark. I have seen no recent Indian sign in the course of my 
  rout as yet. Charbono complains much of his leg, and is the cause of 
  considerable detention to us. we encamped on the river bank near the place 
  at which it leaves the valley and enters the mountain having traveled 
  about 23 miles. we saw some Antelopes deer Grains, gees, and ducks of the 
  two species common to this country. the summer duck has ceased to appear, 
  nor do I beleive it is an inhabitant of this part of the country. the 
  timber &c is as heretofore tho there is more in this valley on the 
  rapid fork than we have seen in the same extent on the river since we 
  entered this valley. the Indians appear on some parts of the river to have 
  distroyed a great proportion of the little timber which there is by seting 
  fire to the bottoms. This morning Capt# Clark set out at sunrise, and sent 
  two hunters ahead to kill some meat. at 8 A#M# he arrived at my camp of 
  the 2ed inst. where he breakfasted; here he found a note which I had left 
  for him at that place informing him of the occurences of my rout &c# 
  the river continued to be crouded with Islands, rapid and shoaly. these 
  shoals or riffles succeeded each other every 3 or four hundred yards; at 
  those places they are obliged to drag the canoes over the stone there not 
  being water enough to float them, and betwen the riffles the current is so 
  strong that they are compelled to have cecourse to the cord; and being 
  unable to walk on the shore for the brush wade in the river along the 
  shore and hawl them by the cord; this has increased the pain and labour 
  extreemly; their feet soon get tender and soar by wading and walking over 
  the stones. these are also so slipry that they frequently get severe 
  falls. being constantly wet soon makes them feble also. their hunters 
  killed 2 deer today and some gees and ducks wer killed by those who 
  navigated the canoes. they saw deer antelopes Grains beaver Otter &c# 
  Capt# Clark's ancle became so painfull to him that he was unable to walk. This 
  evening they encamped on the Stard# side in a bottom of cottonwood timber 
  all much fatiegued. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0827-1805-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 4th Sunday 1805 a fine morning cool proceeded on verry early and 
  Brackfast at the Camp Capt Lewis left yesterday morning, at this Camp he 
  left a note informing that he discovered no fresh Sign of Indians &c# 
  The river continued to be crouded with Islands Sholey rapid & clear, I 
  could not walk on Shore to day as my ankle was Sore from a turner on that 
  part. the method we are compelled to take to get on is fatigueing & 
  laborious in the extreen, haul the Canoes over the rapids, which Suckceed 
  each other every two or three hundred yards and between the water rapid 
  oblige to towe & walke on Stones the whole day except when we have 
  poleing men wet all day Sore feet &c# &c Murcury at Sun rise 49 a. 
  0, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0828-1805-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 5th 1805 As Charbono complained of being unable to march far 
  today I ordered him and Sergt# Gass to pass the rappid river near our camp 
  and proceed at their leasure through the level bottom to a point of high 
  timber about seven miles distant on the middle fork which was in view; I 
  gave them my pack that of Drewyer and the meat which we had, directing 
  them to remain at that place untill we joined them. I took Drewyer with me 
  and continued my rout up the stard. side of the river about 4 miles and 
  then waded it; found it so rapid and shallow that it was impossible to 
  navigate it. continued up it on the Lard# side about 11/2 miles further 
  when the mountains put in close on both sides and arrose to great hight, 
  partially covered with snow. from hence the course of the river was to the 
  East of North. I took the advantage of a high projecting spur of the 
  mountain which with some difficulty we ascended to it's summit in about 
  half an hour. from this eminance I had a pleasing view of the valley 
  through which I had passed many miles below and the continuation of the 
  middle fork through the valley equally wide above me to the distance of 
  about 20 miles when that also appeared to enter the mountains and 
  disappeared to my view; however the mountains which termineate the valley 
  in this direction appeared much lower than those up either of the other 
  forks. on the rapid fork they appeared still to rise the one range 
  towering above another as far as I could perceive them. the middle fork as 
  I suspected dose bear considerably to the West of South and the gap formed 
  by it in the mountains after the valley terminates is in the same 
  direction. under these circumstances I did not hesitate in beleiving the 
  middle fork the most proper for us to ascend. about South from me, the 
  middle fork approached within about 5 miles. I resolved to pass across the 
  plains to it and return to Gass and Charbono, accordingly we set out and 
  decended the mountain among some steep and difficult precipices of rocks. 
  here Drewyer missed his step and had a very dangerous fall, he sprained 
  one of his fingers and hirt his leg very much. in fifteen or 20 minutes he 
  was able to proceed and we continued our rout to the river where we had 
  desighned to interscept it. I quenched my thirst and rested a few minutes 
  examined the river and found it still very navigable. an old indian road 
  very large and plain leads up this fork, but I could see no tracks except 
  those of horses which appeared to have passed early in the spring. as the 
  river mad a great bend to the South East we again ascended the high plain 
  and steered our course as streight as we could to the point where I had 
  directed Gass and Sharbono to remain. we passed the plain regained the 
  bottom and struck the river about 3 miles above them; by this time it was 
  perfectly dark & we hooped but could hear no tidings of them. we had 
  struck the river at the point of timber to which I had directed them, but 
  having mistaken a point of woods lower down, had halted short of the 
  place. we continued our rout after dark down the bottom through thick 
  brush of the pulppy leafed thorn and prickly pears for about 2 hours when 
  we arrived at their camp. they had a small quantity of meat left which 
  Drewyer and myself eat it being the first we had taisted today. we had 
  traveled about 25 miles. I soon laid down and slept very soundly untill 
  morning. I saw no deer today nor any game except a few Antelopes which 
  were very shy. the soil of the plains is a light yellow clay very meager 
  and intermixed with a large proportion of gravel, producing nothing except 
  the twisted or bearded grass, sedge and prickly pears. the dryer parts of 
  the bottoms are also much more indifferent in point of soil to those below 
  and are covered with the southernwood pulpy leafed thorn and prickley 
  pears with but little grass. the moist parts are fertile and covered with 
  fine grass and sand rushes. 
  = 
  This morning Capt# Clark set out at sunrise and dispatched Joseph & 
  Reubin Fields to hunt. they killed two deer on one of which the party 
  breakfasted. the river today they found streighter and more rapid even 
  than yesterday, and the labour and difficulty of the navigation was 
  proportionably increased, they therefore proceeded but slowly and with 
  great pain as the men had become very languid from working in the water 
  and many of their feet swolen and so painfull that they could scarcely 
  walk. at 4 P#M# they arrived at the confluence of the two rivers where I 
  had left the note. this note had unfortunately been placed on a green pole 
  which the beaver had cut and carried off together with the note; the 
  possibility of such an occurrence never one occurred to me when I placed 
  it on the green pole. this accedent deprived Capt# Clark of any 
  information with ripect to the country and supposing that the rapid fork 
  was most in the direction which it was proper we should pursue, or West, 
  he took that stream and asscended it with much difficulty about a mile and 
  encamped on an island that had been lately overflown and was yet damp; 
  they were therefore compelled to make beds of brush to keep themselves out 
  of the mud. in ascending this stream for about a quarter of a mile it 
  scattered in such a maner that they were obliged to cut a passage through 
  the willow brush which leant over the little channels and united their 
  tops. Capt# Clarks ankle is extreemly painfull to him this evening; the 
  tumor has not yet mature, he has a slight fever. The men were so 
  much fortiegued today that they wished much that navigation was at an end 
  that they might go by land. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0829-1805-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 5th Monday 1805 a Cold Clear morning the wind from the S# E# the 
  river Streight & much more rapid than yesterday, I Sent out Jo# & 
  R# Fields to kill Some meat they killed 2 Deer & we brackfast on one 
  of them and proceeded on with great dificuelety from the rapidity of the 
  Current, and numerable rapids we had to encounter, at 4 oClock P M Murcury 
  49 ab. 0, passed the mouth of principal fork which falls in on the Lard# 
  Side, this fork is about the Size of the Stard# one less water reather not 
  so rapid, its Course as far as can be Seen is S# E & appear to pass 
  through between two mountains, the N W# fork being the one most in our 
  course i. e. S 25 W# as far as I can See, deturmind me to take this fork 
  as the principal and the one most proper the S E fork is of a Greenish 
  Colour & contains but little timber. The S W fok contains more timber 
  than is below for Some distance, we assended this fork about one mile and 
  Encamped on an Island which had been laterly overflown & was wet we 
  raised our bead on bushes, we passed a part of the river above the forks 
  which was divided and Scattered thro the willows in Such a manner as to 
  render it dificuelt to pass through for a 1/4 of a mile, we wer oblige to 
  Cut our way thro the willows ¬ Men much fatigued from their excessive 
  labours in hauling the Canoes over the rapids &c# verry weak being in 
  the water all day. my foot verry painfull 
  = 
  Assended the N W Fork 9 miles on a Course S# 30° W# to a Bluff on the 
  Stard# Side passed Several Bayous & Islands 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0830-1805-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday August 6th 1805. We set out this morning very early on our return 
  to the forks. having nothing to eat I set Drewyer to the woodlands to my 
  left in order to kill a deer, sent Sergt# Gass to the right with orders to 
  keep sufficiently near to discover Capt# C# and the party should they be 
  on their way up that stream, and with Sharbono I directed my course to the 
  main forks through the bottom directing the others to meet us there. about 
  five miles above the forks I head the hooping of the party to my left and 
  changed my rout towards them; on my arrival found that they had taken the 
  rapid fork and learnt from Capt# Clark that he had not found the note 
  which I had left for him at that place and the reasons which had induced 
  him to ascend this stream. it was easeist & more in our direction, and 
  apd. to contain as much water he had hoever previously to my comeing up 
  with him, met Drewyer who informed him of the state of the two rivers and 
  was on his return. one of their canoes had just overset and all the 
  baggage wet, the medecine box among other articles and several articles 
  lost a shot pouch and horn with all the implements for one rifle lost and 
  never recovered. I walked down to the point where I waited their return. 
  on their arrival found that two other canoes had filled with water and wet 
  their cargoes completely. Whitehouse had been thrown out of one of the 
  canoes as she swing in a rapid current and the canoe had rubed him and 
  pressed him to the bottom as she passed over him and had the water been 2 
  inches shallower must inevitably have crushed him to death. our parched 
  meal, corn, Indian preasents, and a great part of our most valuable stores 
  were wet and much damaged on this ocasion. to examine, dry and arrange our 
  stores was the first object; we therefore passed over to the lard. side 
  opposite to the entrance of the rapid fork where there was a large gravly 
  bar that answered our purposes; wood was also convenient and plenty. here 
  we fixed our camp, and unloaded all our canoes and opened and exposed to 
  dry such articles as had been wet. a part of the load of each canoe 
  consisted of the leaden canestirs of powder which were not in least 
  injured, tho some of them had remained upwards of an hour under water. 
  about 20 lbs# of powder which we had in a tight Keg or at least one which 
  we thought sufficiently so got wet and intirely spoiled. this would have 
  been the case with the other had it not have been for the expedient which 
  I had fallen on of securing the powder by means of the lead having the 
  latter formed into canesters which were filled with the necessary 
  proportion of poder to discharge the lead when used, and those canesters 
  well secured with corks and wax. in this country the air is so pure and 
  dry that any vessel however well seasoned the timber may be will give way 
  or shrink unless it is kept full of some liquid. we found that three deer 
  skins which we had left at a considerable hight on a tree were taken off 
  which we supposed had been done by a panther. we sent out some men to hunt 
  this evening, they killed 3 deer and four Elk which gave us a plentifull 
  supply of meat once more. Shannon had been dispatched up the rapid fork 
  this morning to hunt, by Capt Clark before he met with Drewyer or learnt 
  his mistake in the rivers. when he returned he sent Drewyer in surch of 
  him, but he rejoined us this evening and reported that he had been several 
  miles up the river and could find nothing of him. we had the trumpet 
  sounded and fired several guns but he did not join us this evening. I am 
  fearful he is lost again. this is the same man who was seperated from us 
  15 days as we came up the Missouri and subsisted 9 days of that time on 
  grapes only. Whitehouse is in much pain this evening with the injury one 
  of his legs sustained from the canoe today at the time it upset and swing 
  over him. Capt Clarks ankle is also very painfull to him. we should 
  have given the party a days rest some where near this place had not this 
  accedent happened, as I had determined to take some observations to fix 
  the Latitude and longitude of these forks. our merchandize medecine &c 
  are not sufficiently dry this evening we covered them securely for the 
  evening. Capt Clark had ascended the river about 9 miles from this place 
  on a course of S 30° W# before he met with Drewyer. 
  = 
  we beleive that the N# W# or rapid fork is the dane of the melting snows 
  of the mountains, and that it is not as long as the middle fork and dose 
  not at all seasons of the year supply any thing like as much water as the 
  other and that about this season it rises to it's greatest hight. this 
  last appears from the apparent bed of the river which is now overflown and 
  the water in many plases spreads through old channels which have their 
  bottoms covered with grass that has grown this season and is such as 
  appears on the parts of the bottom not innundated. we therefore determined 
  that the middle fork was that which ought of right to bear the name we had 
  given to the lower portion or River Jefferson and called the bold rapid an 
  clear stream Wisdom, and the more mild and placid one which flows in from 
  the S# E# Philanthrophy, in commemoration of two of those cardinal 
  virtues, which have so eminently marked that deservedly selibrated 
  character through life. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0831-1805-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 6th Tuesday 1805 a Clear morning Cool wind from the S W we 
  proceeded on with much dificuelty and fatigue over rapids & Stones; 
  river about 40 or 50 yards wide much divided by Islands and narrow Bayoos 
  to a low bluff on the Stard Side & Brackfast, dureing the time of 
  Brackfast Drewyer Came to me from Capt# Lewis and informed me that they 
  had explored both forks for 30 or 40 miles & that the one we were 
  assending was impractiabl much further up & turned imediately to the 
  north, The middle fork he reported was jintle and after a Short distanc 
  turned to the S# W# and that all the Indian roades leades up the middle 
  fork. this report deturmind me to take the middle fork, accordingly Droped 
  down to the forks where I met with Capt Lewis & party, Capt Lewis had 
  left a Letter on a pole in the forks informing me what he had discovered 
  & the course of the rivers &c# this lettr was Cut down by the 
  beaver as it was on a green pole & Carried off. Three Skins which was 
  left on a tree was taken off by the Panthers or wolvers. In decending to 
  the Point one Canoe Struck & turned on a rapid & Sunk, and wet 
  every thing which was in her, this misfortune obliged us to halt at the 
  forks and dry those articles, one other Canoe nearly turning over, filled 
  half full of water & wet our medison & Some Goods Corn &c# 
  Several hunters out to day & killed a young Elk, Antilope, & 3 
  Deer, one man Shannon did not return to night ¬ This evening Cool my 
  anckle much wors than it has been ¬ this evening a Violent wind from 
  the N# W accompanied with rain which lasted half an hour wind N# W 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0832-1805-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday August 7th 1805. The morning being fair we spread our stores to 
  dry at an early hour. Dispatched Reubin Fields in surch of Shannon. our 
  stores were now so much exhausted that we found we could proceed with one 
  canoe less. we therefore drew out one of them into a thicket of brush and 
  secured her in such manner that the water could not take her off should 
  the river rise to the hight where she is. The creek which falls in above 
  us we called turf creek from the cercustance of it's bottoms being 
  composed of excellent turf. my air gun was out of order and her sights had 
  been removed by some accedent I put her in order and regulated her. she 
  shot again as well as she ever did. The clouds last night prevented my 
  taking any lunar observations this day I took Equal Altitudes of the 0 
  with Sextant. 
  = 
  At one oclock all our baggage was dry we therefore packed it up reloaded 
  the canoes and the party proceeded with Capt# Clark up Jefferson's river. 
  I remained with Sergt# Gass to complete the observation of equal altitudes 
  and joined them in the evening at their camp on the Lard# side just above 
  the entrance of turf creek. we had a shower of rain wich continued about 
  40 minutes attended with thunder and lightning. this shower wet me 
  perfectly before I reached the camp. the clouds continued during the night 
  in such manner that I was unable to obtain any lunar observations. This 
  evening Drewyer brought in a deer which he had killed. we have not heard 
  any thing from Shannon yet, we expect that he has pursued Wisdom river 
  upwards for som distance probably killed some heavy animal and is waiting 
  our arrival. the large biteing fly or hare fly as they sometimes called 
  are very troublesome to us. I observe two kinds of them a large black 
  species and a small brown species with a green head. the musquetoes are 
  not as troublesome as they were below, but are still in considerable 
  quantities. the eye knats have disappeared. the green or blowing flies are 
  still in swarms. 
  = 
  r the courses from the entrance of Wisdom river to the forks of 
  Jefferson's river are taken directly to the objects mentioned and the 
  distance set down is that by land on a direct line between the points; the 
  estimated distances by water is also added in the body of the remarks on 
  each course. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0833-1805-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 7th Wednesday 1805 a fine morning put out our Stores &c# to dry 
  & took equal altitudes with the Sextant, ¬ as our Store were a 
  little exorsted and one Canoe became unnecessary deturmind to leave one. 
  we Hauled her up in the bushes on the lower Side of the main fork & 
  fastened her So that the water could not flote her off. The Countrey in 
  this quarter is as follows i, e a Vallie of 5 or 6 miles wide Inclosed 
  between two high Mountains, the bottom rich Some Small timber on the 
  Islands & bushes on the edges of the river Some Bogs & verry good 
  turf in different places in the vallie, Some scattering Pine & ceder 
  on the mountains in places, other Parts nacked except grass and Stone The 
  Lattitude of the Mouth of Wisdom River is 45° 2' 21.6" North, we proceeded 
  up the Main Middle or S# E# fork, passed a Camped on the Lard# Side above 
  the mouth of a bold running Stream 12 yards wide, which we call turf Creek 
  from the number of bogs & quanty of turf in its waters. this Creek 
  runs thro a open Plain for Several miles, takeing its rise in a high 
  mountain to the N E# The river Jefferson above Wisdom is gentle Crooked 
  and about 40 yards wide, Containing but little timber, Some few Cotton 
  willow Willow & Birch, and the Srubs common to the countrey and before 
  mentioned at 5 oClock a thunder Storm from the N# W# accompanied with rain 
  which lasted about 40 minits. despatched R Fields to hunt Shannon, 
  who was out huntg. on Wisdom river at the time I returned down that 
  Stream, and has made on up the river expecting us to follow him up that 
  river one Deer killed this evening. all those Streams Contain emence 
  number of Beaver orter Muskrats &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0834-1805-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 8th 1805. We had a heavy dew this morning. as one canoe 
  had been left we had now more hads to spear for the chase; game being 
  scarce it requires more hunters to supply us. we therefore dispatched four 
  this morning. we set out at sunrise and continued our rout up the river 
  which we find much more gentle and deep than below the entrance of Wisdom 
  river it is from 35 to 45 yards wide very crooked many short bends 
  constituteing large and general bends; insomuch that altho we travel 
  briskly and a considerable distance yet it takes us only a few miles on 
  our general course or rout. there is but very little timber on this fork 
  principally the under brush frequently mentioned. I observe a considerable 
  quantity of the buffaloe clover in the bottoms. the sunflower, flax, green 
  swoard, thistle and several species of the rye grass some of which rise to 
  the hight of 3 or 4 feet. there is a grass also with a soft smooth leaf 
  that bears it's seeds very much like the timothy but it dose not grow very 
  luxouriant or appear as if it would answer so well as the common timothy 
  for meadows. I preserved some of it's seeds which are now ripe, thinking 
  perhaps it might answer better if cultivated, at all events is at least 
  worth the experiment. it rises about 3 feet high. on a direct line about 
  2 miles above our encampment of this morning we passed the entrance of 
  Philanthrophy River which discharges itself by 2 channels a small distance 
  assunder. this river from it's size and S# Eastwardly course no doubt 
  heads with Madisons river in the snowey mountains visible in that 
  direction. at Noon Reubin Fields arrived and reported that he had been up 
  Wisdom river some miles above where it entered the mountain and could find 
  nothing of Shannon, he had killed a deer and an Antelope. great quantity 
  of beaver Otter and musk~rats in these rivers. two of the hunters we sent 
  out this morning returned at noon had killed each a deer and an Antelope. 
  we use the seting poles today almost altogether. we encamped on the Lard 
  sides where there was but little timber were obliged to use willow brush 
  for fuel; the rosebushes and bryers were very thick. the hunters brought 
  in another deer this evening. to tumor on Capt# Clarks ankle has 
  discharged a considerable quantity of matter but is still much swolen and 
  inflamed and gives him considerable pain. saw a number of Gees ducks and 
  some Crains today. the former begin to fly. 
  = 
  the evening again proved cloudy much to my mortification and prevented my 
  making any lunar observations. the Indian woman recognized the point of a 
  high plain to our right which she informed us was not very distant from 
  the summer retreat of her nation on a river beyond the mountains which 
  runs to the west. this hill she says her nation calls the beaver's head 
  from a conceived remblance of it's figure to the head of that animal. she 
  assures us that we shall either find her people on this river or on the 
  river immediately west of it's source; which from it's present size cannot 
  be very distant. as it is now all important with us to meet with those 
  people as soon as possible, I determined to proceed tomorrow with a small 
  party to the source of the principal stream of this river and pass the 
  mountains to the Columbia; and down that river untill I found the Indians; 
  in short it is my resolusion to find them or some others, who have horses 
  if it should cause me a trip of one month. for without horses we shall be 
  obliged to leave a great part of our stores, of which, it appears to me 
  that we have a stock already sufficiently small for the length of the 
  voyage before us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0835-1805-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 8th Thursday 1805 We proceeded on early wind from the S W# The 
  Thermometer at 52 a 0 at Sunrise at 5 miles by water & 41/2 on a 
  derect line from the forks we passed a River on the Lard Side 30 yards 
  wide and navagable for Some distance takeing its rise in the Mountains 
  Easterly & with the waters of Madisons River, passes thro an extensive 
  vallie open & furtill &c# this river we call Philanthophy ¬ above 
  this river (which has but little timber) Jeffersons R is crooked with 
  Short bends a fiew Islands and maney gravelly Sholes, no large timber, 
  Small willow Birch & Srubs &c# Encamped on the Lard Side, R Fields 
  joined us this eveng. & informes that he could not find Shannon my 
  foot yet verry Swore 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0836-1805-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 9th 1805. The morning was fair and fine; we set out at an 
  early hour and proceeded on very well. some parts of the river more rapid 
  than yesterday. I walked on shore across the land to a point which I 
  presumed they would reach by 8 A#M# our usual time of halting. by this 
  means I acquired leasure to accomplish some wrightings which I conceived 
  from the nature of my instructions necessary lest any accedent should 
  befall me on the long and reather hazardous rout I was now about to take. 
  the party did not arrive and I returned about a mile and met them, here 
  they halted and we breakefasted; I had killed two fine gees on my return. 
  while we halted here Shannon arrived, and informed us that having missed 
  the party the day on which he set out he had returned the next morning to 
  the place from whence he had set out or furst left them and not finding 
  that he had supposed that they wer above him; that he then set out and 
  marched one day up wisdom river, by which time he was convinced that they 
  were not above him as the river could not be navigated; he then returned 
  to the forks and had pursued us up this river. he brought the skins of 
  three deer which he had killed which he said were in good order. he had 
  lived very plentifully this trip but looked a good deel worried with his 
  march. he informed us that Wisdom river still kept it's course obliquely 
  down the Jefferson's river as far as he was up it. immediately after 
  breakfast I slung my pack and set out accompanyed by Drewyer Shields and 
  McNeal who had been previously directed to hold themselves in readiness 
  for this service. I directed my course across the bottom to the Stard# 
  plain led left the beaver's head about 2 miles to my left and interscepted 
  the river about 8 miles from the point at which I had left it; I then 
  waded it and continued my rout to the point where I could observe that it 
  entered the mountain, but not being able to reach that place, changed my 
  direction to the river which I struck some miles below the mountain and 
  encamped for the evening having traveled 16 M# we passed a handsom little 
  stream formed by some large spring which rise in this wide bottom on the 
  Lard# side of the river. we killed two Antelopes on our way and brought 
  with us as much meat as was necessary for our suppers and breakfast the 
  next morning. we found this bottom fertile and covered with taller grass 
  than usual. the river very crooked much divided by islands, shallow rocky 
  in many plases and very rapid; insomuch that I have my doubts whether the 
  canoes could get on or not, or if they do it must be with great labour. Capt# 
  Clark proceeded after I left him as usual, found the current of the river 
  increasing in rapidity towards evening. his hunters killed 2 antelopes 
  only. in the evening it clouded up and we experienced a slight rain 
  attended with some thunder and lightning. the musquetoes very troublesome 
  this evening. there are some soft bogs in these vallies covered with turf. 
  the earth of which this mud is composed is white or bluish white and 
  appears to be argillacious. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0837-1805-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 9th Friday 1805 a fine morning wind from the N# E we proceeded on 
  verry well rapid places more noumerous than below, Shannon the man whome 
  we lost on Wisdom River Joined us, haveing returned to the forks & 
  prosued us up after prosueing Wisdom River one day 
  = 
  Capt Lewis and 3 men Set out after brackft. to examine the river above, 
  find a portage if possible, also the Snake Indians. I Should have taken 
  this trip had I have been able to march, from the rageing fury of a turner 
  on my anckle musle, in the evening Clouded up and a fiew drops of rain 
  Encamped on the Lard Side near a low bluff, the river to day as yesterday. 
  the three hunters Could kill only two antelopes to day, game of every kind 
  Scerce 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0838-1805-08-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 10th 1805. We set out very early this morning and 
  continued our rout through the wide bottom on the Lard# side of the river 
  after passing a large creek at about 5 miles we fel in with a plain Indian 
  road which led towards the point that the river entered the mountain we 
  therefore pursued the road I sent Drewyer to the wright to kill a deer 
  which we saw feeding and halted on the river under an immencely high 
  perpendicular clift of rocks where it entered the mountain here we kindled 
  a fire and waited for Drewyer. he arrived in about an hour and a half or 
  at noon with three deer skins and the flesh of one of the best of them, we 
  cooked and eat a haisty meal and departed, returning a shot distance to 
  the Indian road which led us the best way over the mountains, which are 
  not very high but ar ruggid and approach the river closely on both sides 
  just below these mountains I saw several bald Eagles and two large white 
  headed fishinghawks boath these birds were the same common to our country. 
  = 
  from the number of rattle snakes about the Clifts at which we halted we 
  called them the rattle snake clifts. this serpent is the same before 
  discribed with oval spots of yellowish brown. the river below the 
  mountains is rapid rocky, very crooked, much divided by islands and withal 
  shallow. after it enters the mountains it's bends are not so circuetous 
  and it's general course more direct, but it is equally shallow les divided 
  more rocky and rapid. we continued our rout along the Indian road which 
  led us sometimes over the hills and again in the narrow bottoms of the 
  river till at the distance of fifteen Ms# from the rattle snake Clifts we 
  arrived in a hadsome open and leavel vally where the river divided itself 
  nearly into two equal branches; here I halted and examined those streams 
  and readily discovered from their size that it would be vain to attempt 
  the navigation of either any further. here also the road forked one 
  leading up the vally of each of these streams. I therefore sent Drewer on 
  one and Shields on the other to examine these roads for a short distance 
  and to return and compare their information with respect to the size and 
  apparent plainness of the roads as I was now determined to pursue that 
  which appeared to have been the most traveled this spring. in the mean 
  time I wrote a note to Capt# Clark informing him of the occurrences which 
  had taken place, recommending it to him to halt at this place untill my 
  return and informing him of the rout I had taken which from the 
  information of the men on their return seemed to be in favour of the S W 
  or Left hand fork which is reather the smallest. accordingly I put up my 
  note on a dry willow pole at the forks, and set out up the S# E# fork, 
  after proceeding about 11/2 miles I discovered that the road became so 
  blind that it could not be that which we had followed to the forks of 
  Jefferson's river, neither could I find the tracks of the horses which had 
  passed early in the spring along the other; I therefore determined to 
  return and examine the other myself, which I did, and found that the same 
  horses had passed up the West fork which was reather largest, and more in 
  the direction that I wished to pursue; I therefore did not hesitate about 
  changing my rout but determined to take the western road. I now wrote a 
  second note to Capt C# informing him of this change and sent Drewyer to 
  put it with the other at the forks and waited untill he returned. there is 
  scarcely any timber on the river above the R# Snake Clifts, nor is there 
  anything larger than willow brush in sight of these forks. immediately in 
  the level plain between the forks and about 1/2 a mile distance from them 
  stands a high rocky mountain, the base of which is surrounded by the level 
  plain; it has a singular appearance. the mountains do not appear very high 
  in any direction tho the tops of some of them are partially covered with 
  snow. this convinces me that we have ascended to a great hight since we 
  have entered the rocky Mountains, yet the ascent has been so gradual along 
  the vallies that it was scarcely perceptable by land. I do not beleive 
  that the world can furnish an example of a river runing to the extent 
  which the Missouri and Jefferson's rivers do through such a mountainous 
  country and at the same time so navigable as they are. if the Columbia 
  furnishes us such another example, a communication across the continent by 
  water will be practicable and safe. but this I can scarcely hope from a 
  knowledge of its having in it comparitively short course to the ocean the 
  same number of feet to decend which the Missouri and Mississippi have from 
  this point to the Gulph of Mexico. 
  = 
  The valley of the west fork through which we passed for four miles boar a 
  little to N of West and was about 1 mile wide hemned in on either side by 
  rough mountain and steep Clifts of rock at 41/2 miles this stream enters a 
  beatifull and extensive plain about ten miles long and from 5 to six in 
  width. this plain is surrounded on all sides by a country of roling or 
  high wavy plains through which several little rivulets extend their wide 
  vallies quite to the Mountains which surround the whole in an apparent 
  Circular manner; forming one of the handsomest coves I ever saw, of about 
  16 or 18 miles in diameter. just after entering this cove the river bends 
  to the N# W# and runs close under the Stard# hills. here we killed a deer 
  and encamped on the Stard#,side and made our fire of dry willow brush, the 
  only fuel which the country produces. there are not more than three or 
  four cottonwood trees in this extensive cove and they are but small. the 
  uplands are covered with prickly pears and twisted or bearded grass and 
  are but poor; some parts of the bottom lands are covered with grass and 
  tolerably fertile; but much the greater proportion is covered with prickly 
  pears sedge twisted grass the pulpy leafed thorn southernwood wild sage 
  &c and like the uplands is very inferior in point of soil. we traveled 
  by estimate 30 Ms# today, that is 10 to the Rattle snake Clift, 15 to the 
  forks of Jefferson's river and 5 to our camp in the cove. at the apparent 
  extremity of the bottom above us two perpendicular clifts of considerable 
  hight stand on either side of the river and appers at this distance like a 
  gate, it is about 10 M# due West. 
  = 
  Capt Clark set out at sunrise this morning and pursued his rout; found the 
  river not rapid but shallow also very crooked. they were obliged to drag 
  the canoes over many riffles in the course of the day. they passed the 
  point which the natives call the beaver's head. it is a steep rocky clift 
  of 150 feet high near the Stard# side of the river, opposite to it at the 
  distance of 300 yards is a low clift of about 50 feet which is the 
  extremity of a spur of the mountains about 4 miles distant on Lard# at 4 
  P#M# they experienced a heavy shower of rain attended with hail thunder 
  and Lightning which continued about an hour. the men defended themselves 
  from the hail by means of the willow bushes but all the party got 
  perfectly wet. after the shower was over they pursued their march and 
  encamped on the stard side only one deer killed by their hunters today. 
  tho they took up another by the way which had been killed three days 
  before by Jos. Fields and hung up near the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0839-1805-08-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 10th Satturday 1805 Some rain this morning at Sun rise and Cloudy 
  we proceeded on passed a remarkable Clift point on the Stard# Side about 
  150 feet high, this Clift the Indians Call the Beavers head, opposit at 
  300 yards is a low clift of 50 feet which is a Spur from the Mountain on 
  the Lard# about 4 miles, the river verry Crooked, at 4 oClock a hard rain 
  from the S W accompanied with hail Continued half an hour, all wet, the 
  men Sheltered themselves from the hail with bushes We Encamped on the 
  Stard Side near a Bluff, only one Deer killed to day, the one killed Jo 
  Fields 3 Days past & hung up we made use of river narrow, & Sholey 
  but not rapid. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0840-1805-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday August 11th 1805. We set out very early this morning; but the track 
  which we had pursued last evening soon disappeared. I therefore resolved 
  to proceed to the narrow pass on the creek about 10 miles West in hopes 
  that I should again find the Indian road at the place, accordingly I 
  passed the river which was about 12 yards wide and bared in several places 
  entirely across by beaver dams and proceeded through the level plain 
  directly to the pass. I now sent Drewyer to keep near the creek to my 
  right and Shields to my left, with orders to surch for the road which if 
  they found they were to notify me by placing a hat in the muzzle of their 
  gun. I kept McNeal with me; after having marched in this order for about 
  five miles I discovered an Indian on horse back about two miles distant 
  coming down the plain toward us. with my glass I discovered from his dress 
  that he was of a different nation from any that we had yet seen, and was 
  satisfyed of his being a Sosone; his arms were a bow and quiver of arrows, 
  and was mounted on an eligant horse without a saddle, and a small string 
  which was attatched to the underjaw of the horse which answered as a 
  bridle. I was overjoyed at the sight of this stranger and had no doubt of 
  obtaining a friendly introduction to his nation provided I could get near 
  enough to him to convince him of our being whitemen. I therefore proceeded 
  towards him at my usual pace. when I had arrived within about a mile he 
  mad a halt which I did also and unloosing my blanket from my pack, I mad 
  him the signal of friendship known to the Indians of the Rocky mountains 
  and those of the Missouri, which is by holding the mantle or robe in your 
  hands at two corners and then throwing up in the air higher than the head 
  bringing it to the earth as if in the act of spreading it, thus repeating 
  three times. this signal of the robe has arrisen from a custom among all 
  those nations of spreading a robe or skin for ther gests to set on when 
  they are visited. this signal had not the desired effect, he still kept 
  his position and seemed to view Drewyer an Shields who were now comiming 
  in sight on either hand with an air of suspicion, I wold willingly have 
  made them halt but they were too far distant to hear me and I feared to 
  make any signal to them least it should increase the suspicion in the mind 
  of the Indian of our having some unfriendly design upon him. I therefore 
  haistened to take out of my sack some beads a looking glas and a few 
  trinkets which I had brought with me for this purpose and leaving my gun 
  and pouch with McNeal advanced unarmed towards him. he remained in the 
  same stedfast poisture untill I arrived in about 200 paces of him when he 
  turn his hose about and began to move off slowly from me; I now called to 
  him in as loud a voice as I could command repeating the word tab~ba~bone, 
  which in their language signifyes white man. but loking over his sholder 
  he still kept his eye on Drewyer and Sheilds who wer still advancing 
  neither of them haveing segacity enough to recollect the impropriety of 
  advancing when they saw me thus in parley with the Indian. I now made a 
  signal to these men to halt, Drewyer obeyed but Shields who afterwards 
  told me that he did not obseve the signal still kept on the Indian halted 
  again and turned his horse about as if to wait for me, and I beleive he 
  would have remained untill I came up whith him had it not been for Shields 
  who still pressed forward. whe I arrived within about 150 paces I again 
  repepeated the word tab~ba~bone and held up the trinkits in my hands and 
  striped up my shirt sieve to give him an opportunity of seeing the colour 
  of my skin and advanced leasure towards him but he did not remain untill I 
  got nearer than about 100 paces when he suddonly turned his hose about, 
  gave him the whip leaped the creek and disapeared in the willow brush in 
  an instant and with him vanished all my hopes of obtaining horses for the 
  preasent. I now felt quite as much mortification and disappointment as I 
  had pleasure and expectation at the first sight of this indian. I fet 
  soarly chargrined at the conduct of the men particularly Sheilds to whom I 
  principally attributed this failure in obtaining an introduction to the 
  natives. I now called the men to me and could not forbare abraiding them a 
  little for their want of attention and imprudence on this occasion. they 
  had neglected to bring my spye~glass which in haist I had droped in the 
  plain with the blanket where I made the signal before mentioned. I sent 
  Drewyer and Shields back to surche it, they soon found it and rejoined me. 
  we now set out on the track of the horse hoping by that means to be lead 
  to an indian camp, the trail of inhabitants of which should they abscond 
  we should probably be enabled to pursue to the body of the nation to which 
  they would most probably fly for safety. this rout led us across a large 
  Island framed by nearly an equal division of the creek in this bottom; 
  after passing to the open ground on the N# side of the creek we observed 
  that the track made out toward the high hills about 3 m# distant in that 
  direction. I thought it probable that their camp might probably be among 
  those hills & that they would reconnoiter us from the tops of them, 
  and that if we advanced haistily towards them that they would become 
  allarmed and probably run off; I therefore halted in an elivated situation 
  near the creek had a fire kindled of willow brush cooked and took 
  breakfast. during this leasure I prepared a small assortment of trinkits 
  consisting of some mockkerson awls a few strans of several kinds of beads 
  some paint a looking glass &c which I attatched to the end of a pole 
  and planted it near our fire in order that should the Indians return in 
  surch of us they might from this token discover that we were friendly and 
  white persons. before we had finised our meal a heavy shower of rain came 
  on with some hail wich continued abot 20 minutes and wet us to the skin, 
  after this shower we pursued the track of the horse but as the rain had 
  raised the grass which he had trodden down it was with difficulty that we 
  could follow it. we pursued it however about 4 miles it turning up the 
  valley to the left under the foot of the hills. we pas several places 
  where the Indians appeared to have been diging roots today and saw the 
  fresh tracks of 8 or ten horses but they had been wandering about in such 
  a confused manner that we not only lost the track of the hose which we had 
  been pursuing but could make nothing of them. in the head of this valley 
  we passed a large bog covered with tall grass and moss in which were a 
  great number of springs of cold pure water, we now turned a little to the 
  left along the foot of the high hills and arrived at a small branch on 
  which we encamped for the night, having traveled in different directions 
  about 20 Miles and about 10 from the camp of last evening on a direct 
  line. after meeting with the Indian today I fixed a small flag of the U'S# 
  to a pole which I made McNeal carry. and planted in the ground where we 
  halted or encamped. 
  = 
  This morning Capt Clark dispatched several hunters a head; the morning 
  being rainy and wet did not set out untill after an early breakfast. he 
  passed a large Island which he called the 3000 mile Island from the 
  circumstance of it's being that distance from the entrance of the Missouri 
  by water. a considerable proportion of the bottom on Lard# side is a bog 
  covered with tall grass and many parts would afford fine turf; the bottom 
  is about 8 Ms# wide and the plains which succeed it on either side extend 
  about the same distance to the base of the mountains. they passed a number 
  of small Islands and bayous on both sides which cut and intersect the 
  bottoms in various directions. found the river shallow and rapid, insomuch 
  that the men wer compelled to be in the water a considerable proportion of 
  the day in drageing the canoes over the shoals and riffles. they saw a 
  number of geese ducks beaver & otter, also some deer and antelopes. 
  the men killed a beaver with a seting pole and tommahawked several Otter. 
  the hunters killed 3 deer and an Antelope. Capt# C# observed some bunches 
  of privy near the river. there are but few trees in this botom and those 
  small narrow leafed Cottonwood. the principal growth is willow with the 
  narrow leaf and Currant bushes. they encamped this evening on the upper 
  point of a large Island near the Stard# shore. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0841-1805-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 11th Sunday 1805. a Shower of rain this morning at Sun rise, Cloudy 
  all the morning wind from the S W passed a large Island which I call the 
  3000 mile Island as it is Situated that distance from the mouth of the 
  Missouri by water, a number of Small Bayoes running in different 
  directions thro the Bottom, which is about 5 miles wide, then rises to an 
  ellivated plain on each Side which extends as far. passed Several Small 
  Islands and a number of Bayoes on each Side and Encamped on the upper 
  point of a large Island, our hunters killed three Deer, one antilope, and 
  Tomahawked Several Orter to day killed one Beaver with a Setting pole. I 
  observed Some bunches of Privey on the banks 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0842-1805-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 12th 1805 This morning I sent Drewyer out as soon as it was 
  light, to try and discover what rout the Indians had taken. he followed 
  the track of the horse we had pursued yesterday to the mountain wher it 
  had ascended, and returned to me in about an hour and a half. I now 
  determined to pursue the base of the mountains which form this cove to the 
  S# W# in the expectation of finding some Indian road which lead over the 
  Mountains, accordingly I sent Drewyer to my right and Shields to my left 
  with orders to look out for a road or the fresh tracks of horses either of 
  which we should first meet with I had determined to pursue. at the 
  distance of about 4 miles we passed 4 small rivulets near each other on 
  which we saw som resent bowers or small conic lodges formed with willow 
  brush. near them the indians had geathered a number of roots from the 
  manner in which they had toarn up the ground; but I could not discover the 
  root which they seemed to be in surch of. I saw several large hawks that 
  were nearly black near this place we fell in with a large and plain Indian 
  road which came into the cove from the N# E# and led along the foot of the 
  mountains to the S# W# oliquely approaching the main stream which we had 
  left yesterday. this road we now pursued to the S# W# at 5 miles it passed 
  a stout stream which is a principal fork of the man stream and falls into 
  it just above the narrow pass between the two clifts before mentioned and 
  which we now saw below us. here we halted and breakfasted on the last of 
  our venison, having yet a small peice of pork in reseve. after eating we 
  continued our rout through the low bottom of the main stream along the 
  foot of the mountains on our right the valley for 5 mes# further in a S# 
  W# direction was from 2 to 3 miles wide the main stream now after 
  discarding two stream on the left in this valley turns abruptly to the 
  West through a narrow bottom betwen the mountains. the road was still 
  plain, I therefore did not dispair of shortly finding a passage over the 
  mountains and of taisting the waters of the great Columbia this evening. 
  we saw an animal which we took to be of the fox kind as large or reather 
  larger than the small wolf of the plains. it's colours were a curious 
  mixture of black, redis~brown and yellow. Drewyer shot at him about 130 
  yards and knocked him dow bet he recovered and got out of our reach. it is 
  certainly a different animal from any that we have yet seen. we also saw 
  several of the heath cock with a long pointed tail and an uniform dark 
  brown colour but could not kill one of them. they are much larger than the 
  common dunghill fowls, and in their habits and manner of flying resemble 
  the growse or prarie hen. at the distance of 4 miles further the road took 
  us to the most distant fountain of the waters of the mighty Missouri in 
  surch of which we have spent so many toilsome days and wristless nights. 
  thus far I had accomplished one of those great objects on which my mind 
  has been unalterably fixed for many years, judge then of the pleasure I 
  felt in allying my thirst with this pure and ice cold water which issues 
  from the base of a low mountain or hill of a gentle ascent for 1/2 a mile. 
  the mountains are high on either hand leave this gap at the head of this 
  rivulet through which the road passes. here I halted a few minutes and 
  rested myself. two miles below McNeal had exultingly stood with a foot on 
  each side of this little rivulet and thanked his god that he had lived to 
  bestride the mighty & heretofore deemed endless Missouri. after 
  refreshing ourselves we proceeded on to the top of the dividing ridge from 
  which I discovered immence ranges of high mountains still to the West of 
  us with their tops partially covered with snow. I now decended the 
  mountain about 3/4 of a mile which I found much steeper than on the 
  opposite side, to a handsome bold running Creek of cold Clear water. here 
  I first tasted the water of the great Columbia river. after a short halt 
  of a few minutes we continued our march along the Indian road which lead 
  us over steep hills and deep hollows to a spring on the side of a mountain 
  where we found a sufficient quantity of dry willow brush for fuel, here we 
  encamped for the night having traveled about 20 Miles. as we had killed 
  nothing during the day we now boiled and eat the remainder of our pork, 
  having yet a little flour and parched meal. at the creek on this side of 
  the mountain I observed a species of deep perple currant lower in its 
  growth, the stem more branched and leaf doubly as large as that of the 
  Missouri. the leaf is covered on it's under disk with a hairy pubersence. 
  the fruit is of the ordinary size and shape of the currant and is 
  supported in the usual manner, but is ascid & very inferior in point 
  of flavor. 
  = 
  this morning Capt# Clark set out early. found the river shoally, rapid 
  shallow, and extreemly difficult. the men in the water almost all day. 
  they are geting weak soar and much fortiegued; they complained of the 
  fortiegue to which the navigation subjected them and wished to go by land 
  Capt# C# engouraged them and passifyed them. one of the canoes was very 
  near overseting in a rapid today. they proceeded but slowly. at noon they 
  had a thunderstorm which continued about half an hour. their hunters 
  killed 3 deer and a fawn. they encamped in a smoth plain near a few 
  cottonwood trees on the Lard# side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0843-1805-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 12th Monday 1805 We Set out early (Wind N E) proceeded on passed 
  Several large Islands and three Small ones, the river much more Sholey 
  than below which obliges us to haul the Canoes over those Sholes which 
  Suckceed each other at Short intervales emencely laborious men much 
  fatigued and weakened by being continualy in the water drawing the Canoes 
  over the Sholes encamped on the Lard Side men complain verry much of the 
  emence labour they are obliged to undergo & wish much to leave the 
  river. I passify them. the weather Cool, and nothing to eate but venison, 
  the hunters killed three Deer to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0844-1805-08-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 13, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday August 13th 1805. We set out very early on the Indian road which 
  still led us through an open broken country in a westerly direction. a 
  deep valley appeared to our left at the base of a high range of mountains 
  which extended from S# E# to N# W# having their sides better clad with 
  pine timber than we had been accustomed to see the mountains and their 
  tops were also partially covered with snow. at the distance of five miles 
  the road after leading us down a long decending valley for 2 Ms# brought 
  us to a large creek about 10 yds# wide; this we passed and on rising the 
  hill beyond it had a view of a handsome little valley to our left of about 
  a mile in width through which from the appearance of the timber I 
  conjectured that a river passed. I saw near the creek some bushes of the 
  white maple, the shumate of the small species with the winged rib, and a 
  species of honeysuckle much in it's growth and leaf like the small 
  honeysuckle of the Missouri only reather larger and bears a globular berry 
  as large as a garden pea and as white as wax. this berry is formed of a 
  thin smooth pellicle which envellopes a soft white musilagenous substance 
  in which there are several small brown seed irregularly scattered or 
  intermixed without any sell or perceptable membranous covering. we 
  had proceeded about four miles through a wavy plain parallel to the valley 
  or river bottom when at the distance of about a mile we saw two women, a 
  man and some dogs on an eminence immediately before us. they appeared to 
  vew us with attention and two of them after a few minutes set down as if 
  to wait our arrival we continued our usual pace towards them. when we had 
  arrived within half a mile of them I directed the party to halt and 
  leaving my pack and rifle I took the flag which I unfurled and avanced 
  singly towards them the women soon disappeared behind the hill, the man 
  continued untill I arrived within a hundred yards of him and then likewise 
  absconded. tho I frequently repeated the word tab~ba~bone sufficiently 
  loud for him to have heard it. I now haistened to the top of the hill 
  where they had stood but could see nothing of them. the dogs were less 
  shye than their masters they came about me pretty close I therefore 
  thought of tying a handkerchief about one of their necks with some beads 
  and other trinkets and then let them loose to surch their fugitive owners 
  thinking by this means to convince them of our pacific disposition towards 
  them but the dogs would not suffer me to take hold of them; they also soon 
  disappeared. I now made a signal fror the men to come on, they joined me 
  and we pursued the back tarck of these Indians which lead us along the 
  same road which we had been traveling. the road was dusty and appeared to 
  have been much traveled lately both by men and horses. these praries are 
  very poor the soil is of a light yellow clay, intermixed with small smooth 
  gravel, and produces little else but prickly pears, and bearded grass 
  about 3 inches high. the prickley pear are of three species that with a 
  broad leaf common to the missouri; that of a globular form also common to 
  the upper part of the Missouri and more especially after it enters the 
  Rocky Mountains, also a 3rd peculiar to this country. it consists of small 
  circular thick leaves with a much greater number of thorns. these thorns 
  are stronger and appear to be barbed. the leaves grow from the margins of 
  each other as in the broad leafed pear of the missouri, but are so 
  slightly attatched that when the thorn touches your mockerson it adhears 
  and brings with it the leaf covered in every direction with many others. 
  this is much the most troublesome plant of the three. we had not continued 
  our rout more than a mile when we were so fortunate as to meet with three 
  female savages. the short and steep ravines which we passed concealed us 
  from each other untill we arrived within 30 paces. a young woman 
  immediately took to flight, an Elderly woman and a girl of about 12 years 
  old remained. I instantly laid by my gun and advanced towards them. they 
  appeared much allarmed but saw that we were to near for them to escape by 
  flight they therefore seated themselves on the ground, holding down their 
  heads as if reconciled to die which the expected no doubt would be their 
  fate; I took the elderly woman by the hand and raised her up repeated the 
  word tab~babone and strip up my shirt sieve to sew her my skin; to prove 
  to her the truth of the ascertion that I was a white man for my face and 
  hads which have been constantly exposed to the sun were quite as dark as 
  their own. they appeared instantly reconciled, and the men coming up I 
  gave these women some beads a few mockerson awls some pewter 
  looking~glasses and a little paint. I directed Drewyer to request the old 
  woman to recall the young woman who had run off to some distance by this 
  time fearing she might allarm the camp before we approached and might so 
  exasperate the natives that they would perhaps attack us without enquiring 
  who we were. the old woman did as she was requested and the fugitive soon 
  returned almost out of breath. I bestoed an equvolent portion of trinket 
  on her with the others. I now painted their tawny cheeks with some 
  vermillion which with this nation is emblematic of peace. after they had 
  become composed I informed them by signs that I wished them to conduct us 
  to their camp that we wer anxious to become acquainted with the chiefs and 
  warriors of their nation. they readily obeyed and we set out, still 
  pursuing the road down the river. we had marched about 2 miles when we met 
  a party of about 60 warriors mounted on excellent horses who came in 
  nearly full speed, when they arrived I advanced towards them with the flag 
  leaving my gun with the party about 50 paces behid me. the chief and two 
  others who were a little in advance of the main body spoke to the women, 
  and they informed them who we were and exultingly shewed the presents 
  which had been given them these men then advanced and embraced me very 
  affectionately in their way which is by puting their left arm over you 
  wright sholder clasping your back, while they apply their left cheek to 
  yours and frequently vociforate the word ah~hi'~e, ah~hi'~e that is, I 
  am much pleased, I am much rejoiced. bothe parties now advanced and we wer 
  all carresed and besmeared with their grease and paint till I was heartily 
  tired of the national hug. I now had the pipe lit and gave them smoke; 
  they seated themselves in a circle around us and pulled of their 
  mockersons before they would receive or smoke the pipe. this is a custom 
  among them as I afterwards learned indicative of a sacred obligation of 
  sincerity in their profession of friendship given by the act of receiving 
  and smoking the pipe of a stranger. or which is as much as to say that 
  they wish they may always go bearfoot if they are not sincere; a pretty 
  heavy penalty if they are to march through the plains of their country. 
  after smoking a few pipes with them I distributed some trifles among them, 
  with which they seemed much pleased particularly with the blue beads and 
  vermillion. I now informed the chief that the object of our visit was a 
  friendly one, that after we should reach his camp I would undertake to 
  explain to him fully those objects, who we wer, from whence we had come 
  and wither we were going; that in the mean time I did not care how soon we 
  were in motion, as the sun was very warm and no water at hand. they now 
  put on their mockersons, and the principal chief Ca~me~ah~wait made a 
  short speach to the warriors. I gave him the flag which I informed him was 
  an emblem of peace among whitemen and now that it had been received by him 
  it was to be respected as the bond of union between us. I desired him to 
  march on, which did and we followed him; the dragoons moved on in squadron 
  in our rear. after we had marched about a mile in this order he halted 
  them ang gave a second harang; after which six or eight of the young men 
  road forward to their encampment and no further regularity was observed in 
  the order of march. I afterwards understood that the Indians we had first 
  seen this morning had returned and allarmed the camp; these men had come 
  out armed cap a pe for action expecting to meet with their enemies the 
  Minnetares of Fort de Prarie whome they Call Rah'~kees. they were armed 
  with bows arrow and Shield except three whom I observed with small pieces 
  such as the N# W# Company furnish the natives with which they had obtained 
  from the Rocky Mountain Indians on the yellow stone river with whom they 
  are at peace. on our arrival at their encampmen on the river in a handsome 
  level and fertile bottom at the distance of 4 Ms# from where we had first 
  met them they introduced us to a londge made of willow brush and an old 
  leather lodge which had been prepared for our reception by the young men 
  which the chief had dispatched for that purpose. Here we were seated on 
  green boughs and the skins of Antelopes. one of the warriors then pulled 
  up the grass in the center of the lodge forming a smal circle of about 2 
  feet in diameter the chief next produced his pipe and native tobacco and 
  began a long cerimony of the pipe when we were requested to take of our 
  mockersons, the Chief having previously taken off his as well as all the 
  warriors present. this we complyed with; the Chief then lit his pipe at 
  the fire kindled in this little magic circle, and standing on the oposite 
  side of the circle uttered a speach of several minutes in length at the 
  conclusion of which he pointed the stem to the four cardinal points of the 
  heavens first begining at the East and ending with the North. he now 
  presented the pipe to me as if desirous that I should smoke, but when I 
  reached my hand to receive it, he drew it back and repeated the same 
  cremony three times, after which he pointed the stern first to the heavens 
  then to the center of the magic circle smoked himself with three whifs and 
  held the pipe untill I took as many as I thought proper; he then held it 
  to each of the white persons and then gave it to be consumed by his 
  warriors. this pipe was made of a dense simitransparent green stone very 
  highly polished about 21/2 inches long and of an oval figure, the bowl 
  being in the same direction with the stem. a small piece of birned clay is 
  placed in the bottom of the bowl to seperate the tobacco from the end of 
  the stem and is of an irregularly rounded figure not fitting the tube 
  purfectly close in order that the smoke may pass. this is the form of the 
  pipe. their tobacco is of the same kind of that used by the Minnetares 
  Mandans and Recares of the Missouri. the Shoshonees do not cultivate this 
  plant, but obtain it from the Rocky mountain Indians and some of the bands 
  of their own nation who live further south. I now explained to them the 
  objects of our journey &c# all the women and children of the camp were 
  shortly collected about the lodge to indulge themselves with looking at 
  us, we being the first white persons they had ever seen. after the 
  cerimony of the pipe was over I distributed the remainder of the small 
  articles I had brought with me among the women and children. by this time 
  it was late in the evening and we had not taisted any food since the 
  evening before. the Chief informed us that they had nothing but berries to 
  eat and gave us some cakes of serviceberries and Choke cherries which had 
  been dryed in the sun; of these I made a hearty meal, and then walked to 
  the river, which I found about 40 yards wide very rapid clear and about 3 
  feet deep. the banks low and abrupt as those of the upper part of the 
  Missouri, and the bed formed of loose stones and gravel. Cameahwait 
  informed me that this stream discharged itself into another doubly as 
  large at the distance of half a days march which came from the S# W# but 
  he added on further enquiry that there was but little more timber below 
  the junction of those rivers than I saw here, and that the river was 
  confined between inacessable mountains, was very rapid and rocky insomuch 
  that it was impossible for us to pass either by land or water down this 
  river to the great lake where the white men lived as he had been informed. 
  this was unwelcome information but I still hoped that this account had 
  been exagerated with a view to detain us among them. as to timber I could 
  discover not any that would answer the purpose of constructing canoes or 
  in short more than was bearly necessary for fuel consisting of the narrow 
  leafed cottonwood and willow, also the red willow Choke Cherry service 
  berry and a few currant bushes such as were common on the Missouri. these 
  people had been attacked by the Minetares of Fort de prarie this spring 
  and about 20 of them killed and taken prisoners. on this occasion they 
  lost a great part of their horses and all their lodges except that which 
  they had erected for our accomodation; they were now living in lodges of a 
  conic figure made of willow brush. I still observe a great number of 
  horses feeding in every direction around their camp and therefore 
  entertain but little doubt but we shall be enable to furnish ourselves 
  with an adiquate number to transport our stores even if we are compelled 
  to travel by land over these mountains. on my return to my lodge an indian 
  called me in to his bower and gave me a small morsel of the flesh of an 
  antelope boiled, and a peice of a fresh salmon roasted; both which I eat 
  with a very good relish. this was the first salmon I had seen and 
  perfectly convinced me that we were on the waters of the Pacific Ocean. 
  the course of this river is a little to the North of west as far as I can 
  discover it; and is bounded on each side by a range of high Mountains. tho 
  those on the E# side are lowest and more distant from the river. 
  = 
  This evening the Indians entertained us with their dancing nearly all 
  night. at 12 O'Ck. I grew sleepy and retired to rest leaving the men to 
  amuse themselves with the Indians. I observe no essential difference 
  between the music and manner of dancing among this nation and those of the 
  Missouri. I was several times awoke in the course of the night by their 
  yells but was too much fortiegued to be deprived of a tolerable sound 
  night's repose. 
  = 
  This morning Capt Clark set out early having previously dispatched some 
  hunters ahead. it was cool and cloudy all the forepart of the day. at 8 
  A#M# they had a slight rain. they passed a number of shoals over which 
  they were obliged to drag the canoes; the men in the water 3/4ths of the 
  day, they passed a bold runing stream 7 yds# wide on the Lard# side just 
  below a high point of Limestone rocks. this stream we call McNeal's Creek 
  after Hugh McNeal one of our party. this creek heads in the Mountains to 
  the East and forms a handsome valley for some miles between the mountains. 
  from the top of this limestone Clift above the creek The beaver's head 
  boar N 24° E# 12 Ms# the course of Wisdom river or that which the opening 
  of it's valley makes through the mountains is N# 25 W# to the gap through 
  which Jefferson's river enters the mountains above is S 18° W 10 M# they 
  killed one deer only today. saw a number of Otter some beaver Antelopes 
  ducks gees and Grains. they caught a number of fine trout as they have 
  every day since I left them. they encamped on Lrd. in a smooth level 
  prarie near a few cottonwood trees, but were obliged to make use of the 
  dry willow brush for fuel. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0845-1805-08-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 13th Tuesday 1805 a verry Cool morning the Thermometer Stood at 52 
  a 0 all the fore part of the day. Cloudy at 8 oClock a mist of rain we 
  proceeded on passed inumerable Sholes obliged to haul the boat 3/4 of the 
  Day over the Shole water. passed the mouth of a bold running Stream 7 
  yards wide on the Lard Side below a high Point of Limestone rocks on the 
  Stard Side this Creek heads in the mountains to the easte and forms a 
  Vallie between two mountains. Call this stream McNeal Creek From the top 
  of this rock the Point of the Beaver head hill bears N# 24° E 12 ms# 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The Course of the Wisdom river is ¬ N# 25 W 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  The gap at the place the river passes thro a mountain in advance is ¬ S# 
  18° W# 10 ms# 
  = 
  proceeded on and Encamped on the Lard side no wood except dry willows and 
  them Small, one Deer killed to day. The river obliges the men to undergo 
  great fatigue and labour in hauling the Canoes over the Sholes in the Cold 
  water naked. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0846-1805-08-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 14, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday August 14th In order to give Capt# Clark time to reach the forks 
  of Jefferson's river I concluded to spend this day at the Shoshone Camp 
  and obtain what information I could with rispect to the country. as we had 
  nothing but a little flour and parched meal to eat except the berries with 
  which the Indians furnished us I directed Drewyer and Shields to hunt a 
  few hours and try to kill something, the Indians furnished them with 
  horses and most of their young men also turned out to hunt. the game which 
  they principally hunt is the Antelope which they pursue on horseback and 
  shoot with their arrows. this animal is so extreemly fleet and dureable 
  that a single horse has no possible chance to overtake them or run them 
  down. the Indians are therefore obliged to have recorce to strategem when 
  they discover a herd of the Antelope they seperate and scatter themselves 
  to the distance of five or six miles in different directions arround them 
  generally scelecting some commanding eminence for a stand; some one or two 
  now pursue the herd at full speed over the hills values gullies and the 
  sides of precipices that are tremendious to view. thus after runing them 
  from five to six or seven miles the fresh horses that were in waiting head 
  them and drive them back persuing them as far or perhaps further quite to 
  the other extreem of the hunters who now in turn pursue on their fresh 
  horses thus worrying the poor animal down and finally killing them with 
  their arrows. forty or fifty hunters will be engaged for half a day in 
  this manner and perhaps not kill more than two or three Antelopes. they 
  have but few Elk or black tailed deer, and the common red deer they cannot 
  take as they secrete themselves in the brush when pursued, and they have 
  only the bow and arrow wich is a very slender dependence for killing any 
  game except such as they can run down with their horses. I was very much 
  entertained with a view of this indian chase; it was after a herd of about 
  10 Antelope and about 20 hunters. it lasted about 2 hours and considerable 
  part of the chase in view from my tent. about 1 A#M# the hunters returned 
  had not killed a single Antelope, and their horses foaming with sweat. my 
  hunters returned soon after and had been equally unsuccessfull. I now 
  directed McNeal to make me a little paist with the flour and added some 
  berries to it which I found very pallateable. 
  = 
  The means I had of communicating with these people was by way of Drewyer 
  who understood perfectly the common language of jesticulation or signs 
  which seems to be universally understood by all the Nations we have yet 
  seen. it is true that this language is imperfect and liable to error but 
  is much less so than would be expected. the strong parts of the ideas are 
  seldom mistaken. 
  = 
  I now prevailed on the Chief to instruct me with rispect to the geography 
  of his country. this he undertook very cheerfully, by delienating the 
  rivers on the ground. but I soon found that his information fell far short 
  of my expectation or wishes. he drew the river on which we now are to 
  which he placed two branches just above us, which he shewed me from the 
  openings of the mountains were in view; he next made it discharge itself 
  into a large river which flowed from the S# W# about ten miles below us, 
  then continued this joint stream in the same direction of this valley or 
  N# W# for one days march and then enclined it to the West for 2 more days 
  march, here he placed a number of beeps of sand on each side which he 
  informed me represented the vast mountains of rock eternally covered with 
  snow through which the river passed. that the perpendicular and even 
  juting rocks so closely hemned in the river that there was no possibilyte 
  of passing along the shore; that the bed of the river was obstructed by 
  sharp pointed rocks and the rapidity of the stream such that the whole 
  surface of the river was beat into perfect foam as far as the eye could 
  reach. that the mountains were also inaccessible to man or horse. he said 
  that this being the state of the country in that direction that himself 
  nor none of his nation had ever been further down the river than these 
  mountains. I then enquired the state of the country on either side of the 
  river but he could not inform me. he said there was an old man of his 
  nation a days march below who could probably give me some information of 
  the country to the N# W# and refered me to an old man then present for 
  that to the S# W# ¬ the Chief further informed me that he had 
  understood from the persed nosed Indians who inhabit this river below the 
  rocky mountains that it ran a great way toward the seting sun and finally 
  lost itself in a great lake of water which was illy taisted, and where the 
  white men lived. I next commenced my enquiries of the old man to whom I 
  had been refered for information relative the country S W# of us. this he 
  depicted with horrors and obstructions scarcely inferior to that just 
  mentioned. he informed me that the band of this nation to which he 
  belonged resided at the distance of 20 days march from hence not far from 
  the white people with whom they traded for horses mules cloth metal beads 
  and the shells which they woar as orniment being those of a species of 
  perl oister. that the course to his relations was a little to the West of 
  South. that in order to get to his relations the first seven days we 
  should be obliged to climb over steep and rocky mountains where we could 
  find no game to kill nor anything but roots such as a ferce and warlike 
  nation lived on whom he called the broken mockersons or mockersons with 
  holes, and said inhabited those mountains and lived like the bear of other 
  countries among the rocks and fed on roots or the flesh of such horses as 
  they could take or steel from those who passed through their country. that 
  in passing this country the feet of our horses would be so much wounded 
  with the stones many of them would give out. the next part of the rout was 
  about 10 days through a dry and parched sandy desert in which no food at 
  this season for either man or horse, and in which we must suffer if not 
  perish for the want of water. that the sun had now dryed up the little 
  pools of water which exist through this desert plain in the spring season 
  and had also scorched all the grass. that no animal inhabited this plain 
  on which we could hope to subsist# that about the center of this plain a 
  large river passed from S# E# to N# W# which was navigable but afforded 
  neither Salmon nor timber. that beyond this plain thee or four days march 
  his relations lived in a country tolerable fertile and partially covered 
  with timber on another large river which ran in the same direction of the 
  former. that this last discharged itself into a large river on which many 
  numerous nations lived with whom his relations were at war but whether 
  this last discharged itself into the great lake or not he did not know. 
  that from his relations it was yet a great distance to the great or 
  stinking lake as they call the Ocean. that the way which such of his 
  nation as had been to the Stinking lake traveled was up the river on which 
  they lived and over to that on which the white people lived which last 
  they knew discharged itself into the Ocean, and that this was the way 
  which he would advise me to travel if I was determined to proceed to the 
  Ocean but would advise me to put off the journey untill the next spring 
  when he would conduct me. I thanked him for his information and advise and 
  gave him a knife with which he appeared to be much gratifyed. from this 
  narative I was convinced that the streams of which he had spoken as runing 
  through the plains and that on which his relations lived were southern 
  branches of the Columbia, heading with the rivers Apostles and Collorado, 
  and that the rout he had pointed out was to the Vermillion Sea or gulph of 
  Callifornia. I therefore told him that this rout was more to the South 
  than I wished to travel, and requested to know if there was no rout on the 
  left of this river on which we now are, by means of which, I could 
  intercept it below the mountains through which it passes; but he could not 
  inform me of any except that of the barren plain which he said joined the 
  mountain on that side and through which it was impossible for us to pass 
  at this season even if we were fortunate enough to escape from the broken 
  mockerson Indians. I now asked Cameahwait by what rout the Pierced nosed 
  indians, who he informed me inhabited this river below the mountains, came 
  over to the Missouri; this he informed me was to the north, but added that 
  the road was a very bad one as he had been informed by them and that they 
  had suffered excessively with hunger on the rout being obliged to subsist 
  for many days on berries alone as there was no game in that part of the 
  mountains which were broken rockey and so thickly covered with timber that 
  they could scarcely pass. however knowing that Indians had passed, and did 
  pass, at this season on that side of this river to the same below the 
  mountains, my rout was instantly settled in my own mind, povided the 
  account of this river should prove true on an investigation of it, which I 
  was determined should be made before we would undertake the rout by land 
  in any direction. I felt perfectly satisfyed, that if the Indians could 
  pass these mountains with their women and Children, that we could also 
  pass them; and that if the nations on this river below the mountains were 
  as numerous as they were stated to be that they must have some means of 
  subsistence which it would be equally in our power to procure in the same 
  country. they informed me that there was no buffaloe on the West side of 
  these mountains; that the game consisted of a few Elk deer and Antelopes, 
  and that the natives subsisted on fish and roots principally. in this 
  manner I spent the day smoking with them and acquiring what information I 
  could with respect to their country. they informed me that they could pass 
  to the Spaniards by the way of the yellowstone river in 10 days. I can 
  discover that these people are by no means friendly to the Spaniard their 
  complaint is, that the Spaniards will not let them have fire arms and 
  amunition, that they put them off by telling them that if they suffer them 
  to have guns they will kill each other, thus leaving them defenceless and 
  an easy prey to their bloodthirsty neighbours to the East of them, who 
  being in possession of fire arms hunt them up and murder them without 
  rispect to sex or age and plunder them of their horses on all occasions. 
  they told me that to avoid their enemies who were eternally harrassing 
  them that they were obliged to remain in the interior of these mountains 
  at least two thirds of the year where the suffered as we then saw great 
  heardships for the want of food sometimes living for weeks without meat 
  and only a little fish roots and berries. but this added Cameahwait, with 
  his ferce eyes and lank jaws grown meager for the want of food, would not 
  be the case if we had guns, we could then live in the country of buffaloe 
  and eat as our enimies do and not be compelled to hide ourselves in these 
  mountains and live on roots and berries as the bear do. we do not fear our 
  enimies when placed on an equal footing with them. I told them that the 
  Minnetares Mandans & Ricares of the Missouri had promised us to desist 
  from making war on them & that we would indevour to find the means of 
  making the Minnetares of fort d Prarie or as they call them Pahkees desist 
  from waging war against them also. that after our finally returning to our 
  homes towards the rising sun whitemen would come to them with an abundance 
  of guns and every other article necessary to their defence and comfort, 
  and that they would be enabled to supply themselves with these articles on 
  reasonable terms in exchange for the skins of the beaver Otter and Ermin 
  so abundant in their country. they expressed great pleasure at this 
  information and said they had been long anxious to see the whitemen that 
  traded guns; and that we might rest assured of their friendship and that 
  they would do whatever we wished them. 
  = 
  I now told Cameahwait that I wished him to speak to his people and engage 
  them to go with me tomorrow to the forks of Jeffersons river where our 
  baggage was by this time arrived with another Chief and a large party of 
  whitemen who would wait my return at that place. that I wish them to take 
  with them about 30 spare horses to transport our baggage to this place 
  where we would then remain sometime among them and trade with them for 
  horses, and finally concert our future plans for geting on to the ocean 
  and of the traid which would be extended to them after our return to our 
  homes. he complyed with my request and made a lengthey harrangue to his 
  village. he returned in about an hour and a half and informed me that they 
  would be ready to accompany me in the morning. I promised to reward them 
  for their trouble. Drewyer who had had a good view of their horses 
  estimated them at 400. most of them are fine horses. indeed many of them 
  would make a figure on the South side of James River or the land of fine 
  horses. I saw several with Spanish brands on them, and some mules 
  which they informed me that they had also obtained from the Spaniards. I 
  also saw a bridle bit of spanish manufactary, and sundry other articles 
  which I have no doubt were obtained from the same source. notwithstanding 
  the extreem poverty of those poor people they are very merry they danced 
  again this evening untill midnight. each warrior keep one ore more horses 
  tyed by a cord to a stake near his lodge both day and night and are always 
  prepared for action at a moments warning. they fight on horseback 
  altogether. lobserve that the large flies are extreemly troublesome to the 
  horses as well as ourselves. 
  = 
  The morning being cold and the men stif and soar from the exertions of 
  yesterday Capt# Clark did not set out this morning untill 7 A#M# the river 
  was so crooked and rapid that they made but little way at one mile he 
  passed a bold runing stream on Stard# which heads in a mountain to the 
  North, on which there is snow. this we called track Creek. it is 4 yard 
  wide and 3 feet deep at 7 Ms# passed a stout stream which heads in some 
  springs under the foot of the mountains on Lard# the river near the 
  mountain they found one continued rapid, with was extreemly laborious and 
  difficult to ascend. this evening Charbono struck his indian Woman for 
  which Capt# C# gave him a severe repremand. Joseph and Reubin Fields 
  killed 4 deer and an Antelope, Capt# C# killed a buck. several of the men 
  have lamed themselves by various accedents in working the canoes through 
  this difficult part of the river, and Capt# C# was obliged personally to 
  assist them in this labour. they encamped this evening on Lard# side near 
  the rattlesnake clift 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0847-1805-08-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 14th Wednesday 1805. a Cold morning wind from the S# W# The 
  Thermometer Stood at 51° a 0, at Sunrise the morning being cold and men 
  Stiff. I deturmind to delay & take brackfast at the place we Encamped. 
  we Set out at 7 oClock and proceeded on river verry Crooked and rapid as 
  below Some fiew trees on the borders near the mountain, passed a bold 
  running Stream at 1 mile on the Stard# Side which heads in a mountain to 
  the North on which there is Snow passed a bold running Stream on the Lard# 
  Side which heads in a Spring undr. a mountain, the river near the mountain 
  is one continued rapid, which requres great labour to push & haul the 
  Canoes up. We Encamped on the Lard Side near the place the river passes 
  thro the mountain. I checked our interpreter for Strikeing his woman at 
  their Dinner. 
  = 
  The hunters Jo# & R# Fields killed 4 Deer & a antilope, I killed a 
  fat Buck in the evening, Several men have hurt themselves pushing up the 
  Canoes. I am oblige to a pole occasionally. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0848-1805-08-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 15, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 15th 1805. This morning I arrose very early and as hungary 
  as a wolf. I had eat nothing yesterday except one scant meal of the flour 
  and berries except the dryed cakes of berries which did not appear to 
  satisfy my appetite as they appeared to do those of my Indian friends. I 
  found on enquiry of McNeal that we had only about two pounds of flour 
  remaining. this I directed him to divide into two equal parts and to cook 
  the one half this morning in a kind of pudding with the hurries as he had 
  done yesterday and reserve the ballance for the evening. on this new 
  fashoned pudding four of us breakfasted, giving a pretty good allowance 
  also to the Chief who declared it the best thing he had taisted for a long 
  time. he took a little of the Hour in his hand, taisted and examined very 
  scrutinously and asked me if we made it of roots. I explained to him the 
  manner in which it grew. I hurried the departure of the Indians. the Chief 
  addressed them several times before they would move they seemed very 
  reluctant to accompany me. I at length asked the reason and he told me 
  that some foolish persons among them had suggested the idea that we were 
  in league with the Pahkees and had come on in order to decoy them into an 
  ambuscade where their enimies were waiting to receive them. but that for 
  his part he did not believe it. I readily perceived that our situation was 
  not entirely free from danger as the transision from suspicion to the 
  confermation of the fact would not be very difficult in the minds of these 
  ignorant people who have been accustomed from their infancy to view every 
  stranger as an enimy. I told Cameahwait that I was sorry to find that they 
  had put so little confidence in us, that I knew they were not acquainted 
  with whitemen and therefore could forgive them. that among whitemen it was 
  considered disgracefull to lye or entrap an enimy by falsehood. I told him 
  if they continued to think thus meanly of us that they might rely on it 
  that no whitemen would ever come to trade with them or bring them arms and 
  amunition and that if the bulk of his nation still entertained this 
  opinion I still hoped that there were some among them that were not 
  affraid to die, that were men and would go with me and convince themselves 
  of the truth of what I had asscerted. that there was a party of whitemen 
  waiting my return either at the forks of Jefferson's river or a little 
  below coining on to that place in canoes loaded with provisions and 
  merchandize. he told me for his own part he was determined to go, that he 
  was not affraid to die. I soon found that I had touched him on the right 
  string; to doubt the bravery of a savage is at once to put him on his 
  metal. he now mounted his horse and haranged his village a third time; the 
  perport of which as he afterwards told me was to inform them that he would 
  go with us and convince himself of the truth or falsity of what we had 
  told him if he was sertain he should be killed, that he hoped there were 
  some of them who heard him were not affraid to die with him and if there 
  was to let him see them mount their horses and prepare to set out. shortly 
  after this harange he was joined by six or eight only and with these I 
  smoked a pipe and directed the men to put on their packs being determined 
  to set out with them while I had them in the humour at half after 12 we 
  set out, several of the old women were crying and imploring the great 
  sperit to protect their warriors as if they were going to inevitable 
  distruction. we had not proceeded far before our party was augmented by 
  ten or twelve more, and before we reached the Creek which we had passed in 
  the morning of the 13th it appeared to me that we had all the men of the 
  village and a number of women with us. this may serve in some measure to 
  ilustrate the capricious disposition of those people who never act but 
  from the impulse of the moment. they were now very cheerfull and gay, and 
  two hours ago they looked as sirly as so many imps of satturn. when we 
  arrived at the spring on the side of the mountain where we had encamped on 
  the 12th the Chief insited on halting to let the horses graize with which 
  I complyed and gave the Indians smoke. they are excessively fond of the 
  pipe; but have it not much in their power to indulge themselves with even 
  their native tobacco as they do not cultivate it themselves. after 
  remaining about an hour we again set out, and by engaging to make 
  compensation to four of them for their trouble obtained the previlege of 
  riding with an indian myself and a similar situation for each of my party. 
  I soon found it more tiresome riding without tirrups than walking and of 
  course chose the latter making the Indian carry my pack. about sunset we 
  reached the upper part of the level valley of the Cove which now called 
  Shoshone Cove. the grass being birned on the North side of the river we 
  passed over to the south and encamped near some willow brush about 4 miles 
  above the narrow pass between the hills noticed as I came up this cove the 
  river was here about six yards wide, and frequently darned up by the 
  beaver. I had sent Drewyer forward this evening before we halted to kill 
  some meat but he was unsuccessfull and did not rejoin us untill after dark 
  I now cooked and among six of us eat the remaining pound of flour stired 
  in a little boiling water. Capt# Clark delayed again this morning 
  untill after breakfast, when he set out and passed between low and rugged 
  mountains which had a few pine trees distributed over them the clifts are 
  formed of limestone and a hard black rock intermixed. no trees on the 
  river, the bottoms narrow river crooked shallow shoally and rapid. the 
  water is as coald as that of the best springs in our country. the men as 
  usual suffered excessively with fatiegue and the coldness of the water to 
  which they were exposed for hours together. at the distance of 6 miles by 
  water they passed the entrance of a bold creek on Stard# side 10 yds# wide 
  and 3 f. 3 i. deep which we called Willard's Creek after Alexander Willard 
  one of our party. at 4 miles by water from their encampment of las evening 
  passed a bold branch which tumbled down a steep precipice of rocks from 
  the mountains on the Lard# Capt Clark was very near being bitten twice 
  today by rattlesnakes, the Indian woman also narrowly escaped. they caught 
  a number of fine trout. Capt# Clark killed a buck which was the only game 
  killed today. the venison has an uncommon bitter taist which is 
  unpleasent. I presume it proceeds from some article of their food, perhaps 
  the willow on the leaves of which they feed very much. they encamped this 
  evening on the Lard# side near a few cottonwood trees about which there 
  were the remains of several old Indian brush lodges. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0849-1805-08-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 15th Thursday 1805 a Cool windey morning wind from the S W we 
  proceeded on thro a ruged low mountain water rapid as usial passed a bold 
  running Stream which falls from the mountain on the Lard# Side at 4 miles, 
  also a bold running Stream 10 yards wide on the Stard Side 8 feet 3 In. 
  Deep at 6 miles, Willards Creek the bottoms narrow, the Clifs of a Dark 
  brown Stone Some limestone intermixed ¬ an Indian road passes on the 
  Lard Side latterly used. Took a Meridian altitude at the Comsnt. of the 
  Mountain with Octent 65° 47' 0". The Latd# 44° 0' 48 1/10" proceeded on 
  with great labour & fatigue to the Mouth of a Small run on the Lard# 
  Side 
  = 
  passed Several Spring runs, the men Complain much of their fatigue and 
  being repetiedly in the water which weakens them much perticularly as they 
  are obliged to live on pore Deer meet which has a Singular bitter taste. I 
  have no accounts of Capt Lewis Sence he Set out 
  = 
  In walking on Shore I Saw Several rattle Snakes and narrowly escaped at 
  two different times, as also the Squar when walking with her husband on 
  Shore ¬ I killed a Buck nothing else killed to day ¬ This mountn. 
  I call rattle Snake mountain. not one tree on either Side to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0850-1805-08-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 16, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 16th 1805. I sent Drewyer and Shields before this morning in 
  order to kill some meat as neither the Indians nor ourselves had any thing 
  to eat. I informed the Ceif of my view in this measure, and requested that 
  he would keep his young men with us lest by their hooping and noise they 
  should allarm the game and we should get nothing to eat, but so strongly 
  were there suspicions exited by this measure that two parties of discovery 
  immediately set out one on ech side of the valley to watch the hunters as 
  I beleive to see whether they had not been sent to give information of 
  their approach to an enemy that they still preswaided themselves were 
  lying in wait for them. I saw that any further effort to prevent their 
  going would only add strength to their suspicions and therefore said no 
  more. after the hunters had been gone about an hour we set out. we had 
  just passed through the narrows when we saw one of the spies comeing up 
  the level plain under whip, the chief pawsed a little and seemed somewhat 
  concerned. I felt a good deel so myself and began to suspect that by some 
  unfortunate accedent that perhaps some of there enimies had straggled 
  hither at this unlucky moment; but we were all agreeably disappointed on 
  the arrival of the young man to learn that he had come to inform us that 
  one of the whitemen had killed a deer. in an instant they all gave their 
  horses the whip and I was taken nearly a mile before I could learn what 
  were the tidings; as I was without tirrups and an Indian behind me the 
  jostling was disagreeable I therefore reigned up my horse and forbid the 
  indian to whip him who had given him the lash at every jum for a mile 
  fearing he should loose a part of the feast. the fellow was so uneasy that 
  he left me the horse dismounted and ran on foot at full speed, I am 
  confident a mile. when they arrived where the deer was which was in view 
  of me they dismounted and ran in tumbling over each other like a parcel of 
  famished dogs each seizing and tearing away a part of the intestens which 
  had been previously thrown out by Drewyer who killed it; the seen was such 
  when I arrived that had I not have had a pretty keen appetite myself I am 
  confident I should not have taisted any part of the venison shortly. each 
  one had a peice of some discription and all eating most ravenously. some 
  were eating the kidnies the melt and liver and the blood runing from the 
  corners of their mouths, others were in a similar situation with the 
  paunch and guts but the exuding substance in this case from their lips was 
  of a different discription. one of the last who attacted my attention 
  particularly had been fortunate in his allotment or reather active in the 
  division, he had provided himself with about nine feet of the small guts 
  one end of which he was chewing on while with his hands he was squezzing 
  the contents out at the other. I really did not untill now think that 
  human nature ever presented itself in a shape so nearly allyed to the 
  brute creation. I viewed these poor starved divils with pity and 
  compassion I directed McNeal to skin the deer and reserved a quarter, the 
  ballance I gave the Chief to be divided among his people; they devoured 
  the whole of it nearly without cooking. I now boar obliquely to the left 
  in order to interscept the creek where there was some brush to make a 
  fire, and arrived at this stream where Drewyer had killed a second deer; 
  here nearly the same seene was encored. a fire being kindled we cooked and 
  eat and gave the ballance of the two deer to the Indians who eat the whole 
  of them even to the soft parts of the hoofs. Drewyer joined us at 
  breakfast with a third deer. of this I reserved a quarter and gave the 
  ballance to the Indians. they all appeared now to have filled themselves 
  and were in a good humour. this morning early soon after the hunters set 
  out a considerable part of our escort became allarmed and returned 28 men 
  and three women only continued with us. after eating and suffering the 
  horses to graize about 2 hours we renued our march and towads evening 
  arrived at the lower part of the cove Shields killed an Antelope on the 
  way a part of which we took and gave the remainder to the Indians. being 
  now informed of the place at which I expected to meat Capt C# and the 
  party they insisted on making a halt, which was complyed with. we now 
  dismounted and the Chief with much cerimony put tippets about our necks 
  such as they temselves woar I redily perceived that this was to disguise 
  us and owed it's origine to the same cause already mentioned. to give them 
  further confidence I put my cocked hat with feather on the chief and my 
  over shirt being of the Indian form my hair deshivled and skin well 
  browned with the sun I wanted no further addition to make me a complete 
  Indian in appearance the men followed my example and we were son 
  completely metamorphosed. I again repeated to them the possibility of the 
  party not having arrived at the place which I expected they were, but 
  assured them they could not be far below, lest by not finding them at the 
  forks their suspicions might arrise to such hight as to induce them to 
  return precipitately. we now set out and rode briskly within sight of the 
  forks making one of the Indians carry the flag that our own party should 
  know who we were. when we arrived in sight at the distance of about 2 
  miles I discovered to my mortification that the party had not arrived, and 
  the Indians slackened their pace. I now scarcely new what to do and feared 
  every moment when they would halt altogether, I now determined to restore 
  their confidence cost what it might and therefore gave the Chief my gun 
  and told him that if his enimies were in those bushes before him that he 
  could defend himself with that gun, that for my own part I was not affraid 
  to die and if I deceived him he might make what uce of the gun he thought 
  proper or in other words that he might shoot me. the men also gave their 
  guns to other indians which seemed to inspire them with more confidence; 
  they sent their spies before them at some distance and when I drew near 
  the place I thought of the notes which I had left and directed Drewyer to 
  go with an Indian man and bring them to me which he did. the indian seeing 
  him take the notes from the stake on which they had been plased I now had 
  recource to a stratagem in which I thought myself justifyed by the 
  occasion, but which I must confess set a little awkward. it had it's 
  desired effect. after reading the notes which were the same I had left I 
  told the Chief that when I had left my brother Chief with the party below 
  where the river entered the mountain that we both agreed not to bring the 
  canoes higher up than the next forks of the river above us wherever this 
  might happen, that there he was to wait my return, should he arrive first, 
  and that in the event of his not being able to travel as fast as usual 
  from the difficulty of the water, that he was to send up to the first 
  forks above him and leave a note informing me where he was, that this note 
  was left here today and that he informed me that he was just below the 
  mountains and was coming on slowly up, and added that I should wait here 
  for him, but if they did not beleive me that I should send a man at any 
  rate to the Chief and they might also send one of their young men with 
  him, that myself and two others would remain with them at this place. this 
  plan was readily adopted and one of the young men offered his services; I 
  promised him a knife and some beads as a reward for his confidence in us. 
  most of them seemed satisfyed but there were several that complained of 
  the Chief's exposing them to danger unnecessarily and said that we told 
  different stories, in short a few were much dissatisfyed. I wrote a note 
  to Capt# Clark by the light of some willow brush and directed Drewyer to 
  set out early being confident that there was not a moment to spare. the 
  chief and five or six others slept about my fire and the others hid 
  themselves in various parts of the willow brush to avoid the enimy whom 
  they were fearfull would attack them in the course of the night. I now 
  entertained various conjectures myself with rispect to the cause of Capt# 
  Clarks detention and was even fearful l that he had found the river so 
  difficult that he had halted below the Rattlesnake bluffs. I knew that if 
  these people left me that they would immediately disperse and secrete 
  themselves in the mountains where it would be impossible to find them or 
  at least in vain to pursue them and that they would spread the allarm to 
  all other bands within our reach & of course we should be disappointed 
  in obtaining horses, which would vastly retard and increase the labour of 
  our voyage and I feared might so discourage the men as to defeat the 
  expedition altogether. my mind was in reallity quite as gloomy all this 
  evening as the most affrighted indian but I affected cheerfullness to keep 
  the Indians so who were about me. we finally laid down and the Chief 
  placed himself by the side of my musquetoe bier. I slept but little as 
  might be well expected, my mind dwelling on the state of the expedition 
  which I have ever held in equal estimation with my own existence, and the 
  fait of which appeared at this moment to depend in a great measure upon 
  the caprice of a few savages who are ever as fickle as the wind. I had 
  mentioned to the chief several times that we had with us a woman of his 
  nation who had been taken prisoner by the Minnetares, and that by means of 
  her I hoped to explain myself more fully than I could do by signs. some of 
  the party had also told the Indians that we had a man with us who was 
  black and had short curling hair, this had excited their curiossity very 
  much. and they seemed quite as anxious to see this monster as they wer the 
  merchandize which we had to barter for their horses. 
  = 
  at 7 A M# Capt# C# set out after breakfast. he changed the hands in some 
  of the canoes; they proceeded with more ease than yesterday, yet they 
  found the river still rapid and shallow insomuch that they were obliged to 
  drag the large canoes the greater part of the day. the water excessively 
  cold. in the evening they passed several bad rapids. considerable 
  quantities of the buffaloe clover grows along the narrow bottoms through 
  which they passed. there was no timber except a few scatiring small pine 
  on the hills. willow service berry and currant bushes were the growth of 
  the river bottoms. they geatherd considerable quantities of service 
  berries, and caught some trout. one deer was killed by the hunters who 
  slept out last night. and did not join the party untill 10 A#M# 
  = 
  Capt# Clark sent the hunters this evening up to the forks of the river 
  which he discovered from an eminence; they mus have left this place but a 
  little time before we arrived. this evening they encamped on the Lard# 
  side only a few miles below us. and were obliged like ourselves to make 
  use of small willow brush for fuel. the men were much fatigued and 
  exhausted this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0851-1805-08-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 16th Friday 1805 as this morning was cold and the men fatigued 
  Stiff and Chilled deturmined me to detain & take brackfast before I 
  Set out. I changed the hands and Set out at 7 oClock proceeded on 
  Something better than yesterday for the fore part of the Day passed 
  Several rapids in the latter part of the day near the hills river passed 
  between 2 hills I saw a great number of Service berries now ripe. the 
  Yellow Current are also Common I observe the long leaf Clover in great 
  plenty in the vallie below this vallie ¬ Some fiew tres on the river 
  no timber on the hills or mountn. except a fiew Small Pine & Cedar. 
  The Thmtr. Stood at 48° a. 0 at Sunrise wind S W# The hunters joined me at 
  1 oClock, I dispatched 2 men to prosue an Indian roade over the hills for 
  a fiew miles, at the narrows I assended a mountain from the top of which I 
  could See that the river forked near me the left hand appeared the largest 
  & bore S# E# the right passed from the West thro an extensive Vallie, 
  I could See but three Small trees in any Direction from the top of this 
  mountain. passed an Isld# and Encamped ion the Lard# Side the only wood 
  was Small willows 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0852-1805-08-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 17, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 17th 1805. This morning I arrose very early and dispatched 
  Drewyer and the Indian down the river. sent Shields to hunt. I made McNeal 
  cook the remainder of our meat which afforded a slight breakfast for 
  ourselves and the Cheif. Drewyer had been gone about 2 hours when an 
  Indian who had straggled some little distance down the river returned and 
  reported that the whitemen were coming, that he had seen them just below. 
  they all appeared transported with joy, & the chef repeated his 
  fraturnal hug. I felt quite as much gratifyed at this information as the 
  Indians appeared to be. Shortly after Capt# Clark arrived with the 
  Interpreter Charbono, and the Indian woman, who proved to be a sister of 
  the Chif Cameahwait. the meeting of those people was really affecting, 
  particularly between Sah cah~gar~we~ah and an Indian woman, who had been 
  taken prisoner at the same time with her, and who had afterwards escaped 
  from the Minnetares and rejoined her nation. At noon the Canoes arrived, 
  and we had the satisfaction once more to find ourselves all together, with 
  a flattering prospect of being able to obtain as many horses shortly as 
  would enable us to prosicute our voyage by land should that by water be 
  deemed unadvisable. 
  = 
  We now formed our camp just below the junction of the forks on the Lard# 
  side in a level smooth bottom covered with a fine terf of greenswoard. 
  here we unloaded our canoes and arranged our baggage on shore; formed a 
  canopy of one of our large sails and planted some willow brush in the 
  ground to form a shade for the Indians to set under while we spoke to 
  them, which we thought it best to do this evening. acordingly about 4 P#M# 
  we called them together and through the medium of Labuish, Charbono and 
  Sah~cah~gar~weah, we communicated to them fully the objects which had 
  brought us into this distant part of the country, in which we took care to 
  make them a conspicuous object of our own good wishes and the care of our 
  government. we made them sensible of their dependance on the will of our 
  government for every species of merchandize as well for their defence 
  & comfort; and apprized them of the strength of our government and 
  it's friendly dispositions towards them. we also gave them as a reason why 
  we wished to petrate the country as far as the ocean to the west of them 
  was to examine and find out a more direct way to bring merchandize to 
  them. that as no trade could be carryed on with them before our return to 
  our homes that it was mutually advantageous to them as well as to 
  ourselves that they should render us such aids as they had it in their 
  power to furnish in order to haisten our voyage and of course our return 
  home. that such were their horses to transport our baggage without which 
  we could not subsist, and that a pilot to conduct us through the mountains 
  was also necessary if we could not decend the river by water. but that we 
  did not ask either their horses or their services without giving a 
  satisfactory compensation in return. that at present we wished them to 
  collect as many horses as were necessary to transport our baggage to their 
  village on the Columbia where we would then trade with them at our leasure 
  for such horses as they could spare us. They appeared well pleased 
  with what had been said. the chief thanked us for friendship towards 
  himself and nation & declared his wish to serve us in every rispect; 
  that he was sorry to find that it must yet be some time before they could 
  be furnished with firearms but said they could live as they had done 
  heretofore untill we brought them as we had promised. he said they had not 
  horses enough with them at present to remove our baggage to their village 
  over the mountain, but that he would return tomorrow and encourage his 
  people to come over with their horses and that he would bring his own and 
  assist us. this was complying with all we wished at present. we next 
  enquired who were chiefs among them. Cameahwait pointed out two others 
  whom he said were Chiefs we gave him a medal of the small size with the 
  likeness of Mr# Jefferson the President of the U States in releif on one 
  side and clasp hands with a pipe and tomahawk on the other, to the other 
  Chiefs we gave each a small medal which were struck in the Presidency of 
  George Washing Esqr. we also gave small medals of the last discription to 
  two young men whom the 1st Chief informed us wer good young men and much 
  rispected among them. we gave the 1st Chief an uniform coat shirt a pair 
  of scarlet legings a carrot of tobacco and some small articles to each of 
  the others we gave a shirt leging handkerchief a knife some tobacco and a 
  few small articles we also distributed a good quantity paint mockerson 
  awls knives beads lookingglasses &c among the other Indians and gave 
  them a plentifull meal of lyed corn which was the first they had ever 
  eaten in their lives. they were much pleased with it. every article about 
  us appeared to excite astonishment in ther minds; the appearance of the 
  men, their arms, the canoes, our manner of working them, the back man york 
  and the segacity of my dog were equally objects of admiration. I also shot 
  my air~gun which was so perfectly incomprehensible that they immediately 
  denominated it the great medicine. the idea which the indians mean to 
  convey by this appellation is something that eminates from or acts 
  immediately by the influence or power of the great sperit; or that in 
  which the power of god is manifest by it's incomprehensible power of 
  action. our hunters killed 4 deer and an Antelope this evening of which we 
  also gave the Indians a good proportion. the cerimony of our council and 
  smoking the pipe was in conformity of the custom of this nation perfomed 
  bearfoot. on those occasions points of etiquet are quite as much attended 
  to by the Indians as among scivilized nations. To keep indians in a good 
  humour you must not fatiegue them with too much business at one time. 
  therefore after the council we gave them to eat and amused them a while by 
  shewing them such articles as we thought would be entertaining to them, 
  and then renewed our enquiries with rispect to the country. the 
  information we derived was only a repetition of that they had given me 
  before and in which they appeared to be so candid that I could not avoid 
  yealing confidence to what they had said. Capt# Clark and myself now 
  concerted measures for our future operations, and it was mutually agreed 
  that he should set out tomorrow morning with eleven men furnished with 
  axes and other necessary tools for making canoes, their arms accoutrements 
  and as much of their baggage as they could carry. also to take the indians 
  Carbono and the indian woman with him; that on his arrival at the Shoshone 
  camp he was to leave Charbono and the Indian woman to haisten the return 
  of the Indians with their horses to this place, and to proceede himself 
  with the eleven men down the Columbia in order to examine the river and if 
  he found it navigable and could obtain timber to set about making canoes 
  immediately. In the mean time I was to bring on the party and baggage to 
  the Shoshone Camp, calculating that by the time I should reach that place 
  that he would have sufficiently informed himself with rispect to the state 
  of the river &c# as to determine us whether to prosicute our journey 
  from thence by land or water. in the former case we should want all the 
  horses which we could perchase, the latter only to hire the Indians to 
  transport our baggage to the place at which we made the canoes. in order 
  to inform me as early as possible of the state of the river he was to send 
  back one of the men with the necessary information as soon as he should 
  satisfy himself on this subject. this plan being settled we gave orders 
  accordingly and the men prepared for an early march. the nights are very 
  cold and the sun excessively hot in the day. we have no fuel here but a 
  few dry willow brush. and from the appearance of country I am confident we 
  shall not find game here to subsist us many days. these are additional 
  reasons why I conceive it necessary to get under way as soon as possible. this 
  morning Capt# Clark had delayed untill 7 A#M# before he set out just about 
  which time Drewyer arrived with the Indian; he left the canoes to come on 
  after him, and immediately set out and joined me as has been before 
  mentioned.The sperits of the men were now much elated at the prospect of 
  geting horses. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0853-1805-08-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 17th Satturday 1805 a fair Cold morning wind S# W# the Thermometer 
  at 42 a. 0 at Sunrise, We Set out at 7 oClock and proceeded on to the 
  forks I had not proceeded on one mile before I saw at a distance Several 
  Indians on horsback Comeing towards me, The Intertrepeter & Squar who 
  were before me at Some distance danced for the joyful Sight, and She made 
  signs to me that they were her nation, as I aproached nearer them 
  descovered one of Capt Lewis party With them dressed in their Dress; the 
  met me with great Signs of joy, as the Canoes were proceeding on nearly 
  opposit me I turned those people & joined Capt Lewis who had Camped 
  with 16 of those Snake Indians at the forks 2 miles in advance. those 
  Indians Sung all the way to their Camp where the others had provd. a cind 
  of Shade of Willows Stuck up in a Circle the Three Chiefs with Capt# Lewis 
  met me with great cordialliaty embraced and took a Seat on a white robe, 
  the Main Chief imedeately tied to my hair Six Small pieces of Shells 
  resembling perl which is highly Valued by those people and is prcured from 
  the nations resideing near the Sea Coast. we then Smoked in their fassion 
  without Shoes and without much cerimoney and form. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis informed me he found those people on the Columbia River about 
  40 miles from the forks at that place there was a large camp of them, he 
  had purswaded those with him to Come and See that what he said was the 
  truth, they had been under great apprehension all the way, for fear of 
  their being deceived. The Great Chief of this nation proved to be the 
  brother of the Woman with us and is a man of Influence Sence & easey 
  & reserved manners, appears to possess a great deel of Cincerity. The 
  Canoes arrived & unloaded ¬ every thing appeared to asstonish 
  those people. the appearance of the men, their arms, the Canoes, the 
  Clothing my black Servent. & the Segassity of Capt Lewis's Dog. we 
  Spoke a fiew words to them in the evening respecting our rout intentions 
  our want of horses &c# & gave them a fiew presents & medals ¬ we 
  made a number of inquires of those people about the Columbia River the 
  Countrey game &c# The account they gave us was verry unfavourable, 
  that the River abounded in emence falls, one perticularly much higher than 
  the falls of the Missouri & at the place the mountains Closed So Close 
  that it was impracticable to pass, & that the ridge Continued on each 
  Side of perpendicular Clifts inpenetratable, and that no Deer Elk or any 
  game was to be found in that Countrey, aded to that they informed us that 
  there was no timber on the river Sufficiently large to make Small Canoes, 
  This information (if true is alarming) I deturmined to go in advance and 
  examine the Countrey, See if those dificueltes presented themselves in the 
  gloomey picture in which they painted them, and if the river was 
  practiable and I could find timber to build Canoes, those Ideas & plan 
  appeard to be agreeable to Capt Lewis's Ideas on this point, and I 
  selected 11 men, directed them to pack up their baggage Complete 
  themselves with amunition, take each an ax and Such tools as will be 
  Soutable to build Canoes, and be ready to Set out at 10 oClock tomorrow 
  morning. Those people greatly pleased our hunters killed three Deer & 
  an antilope which was eaten in a Short time the Indians being so harrassed 
  & compelled to move about in those rugid mountains that they are half 
  Starved liveing at this time on berries & roots which they geather in 
  the plains. Those people are not begerley but generous, only one has asked 
  me for anything and he for powder. 
  = 
  This nation Call themselves Cho~shop~ne the Chief is name Too~et~te~con'l 
  Black Gun is his war name Ka~me~ah~wah ¬ or Come & Smoke. this 
  Chief gave me the following name and pipe Ka~me~ah~wah. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0854-1805-08-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday August 18th 1805. This morning while Capt Clark was busily engaged 
  in preparing for his rout, I exposed some articles to barter with the 
  Indians for horses as I wished a few at this moment to releive the men who 
  were going with Capt Clark from the labour of carrying their baggage and 
  also one to keep here in order to pack the meat to camp which the hunters 
  might kill. I soon obtained three very good horses for which I gave an 
  uniform coat, a pair of legings, a few handkerchiefs, three knives and 
  some other small articles the whole of which did not cost more than about 
  20$ in the U States. the Indians seemed quite as well pleased with their 
  bargin as I was. the men also purchased one for an old checked shirt a 
  pair of old legings and a knife. two of those I purchased Capt# C# took on 
  with him. at 10 A#M# Capt# Clark departed with his detatchment and all the 
  Indians except 2 men and 2 women who remained with us. Two of the inferior 
  chiefs were a little displeased at not having received a present 
  equivolent to that given the first Chief. to releive this difficulty Capt# 
  Clark bestoed a couple of his old coats on them and I promised that if 
  they wer active in assisting me over the mountains with horses that I 
  would give them an additional present; this seemed perfectly to satisfy 
  them and they all set out in a good humour. Capt# Clark encamped this 
  evening near the narrow pass between the hills on Jefferson's river in the 
  Shoshone Cove. his hunters killed one deer which the party with the aid of 
  the Indians readily consumed in the course of the evening. after 
  there departure this morning I had all the stores and baggage of every 
  discription opened and aired. and began the operation of forming the 
  packages in proper parsels for the purpose of transporting them on 
  horseback. the rain in the evening compelled me to desist from my 
  operations. I had the raw hides put in the water in order to cut them in 
  throngs proper for lashing the packages and forming the necessary geer for 
  pack horses, a business which I fortunately had not to learn on this 
  occasion. Drewyer Killed one deer this evening. a beaver was also caught 
  by one of the party. I had the net arranged and set this evening to catch 
  some trout which we could see in great abundance at the bottom of the 
  river. This day I completed my thirty first year, and conceived that I had 
  in all human probability now existed about half the period which I am to 
  remain in this Sublunary world. I reflected that I had as yet done but 
  little, very little indeed, to further the hapiness of the human race, or 
  to advance the information of the succeeding generation. I viewed with 
  regret the many hours I have spent in indolence, and now soarly feel the 
  want of that information which those hours would have given me had they 
  been judiciously expended. but since they are past and cannot be recalled, 
  I dash from me the gloomy thought and resolved in future, to redouble my 
  exertions and at least indeavour to promote those two primary objects of 
  human existence, by giving them the aid of that portion of talents which 
  nature and fortune have bestoed on me; or in future, to live for mankind, 
  as I have heretofore lived for myself. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0855-1805-08-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 18th Sunday 1805 Purchased of the Indians three horses for which we 
  gave a Chiefs Coat Some Handkerchiefs a Shirt Legins & a fiew arrow 
  points &c# I gave two of my coats to two of the under Chiefs who 
  appeared not well Satisfied that the first Chief was dressed so much finer 
  than themselves. at 10 oClock I Set out accompanied by the Indians except 
  3 the interpreter and wife, the fore part of the day worm, at 12 oClock it 
  became hasey with a mist of rain wind hard from the S# W# and Cold which 
  increased untill night the rain Seased in about two hours. We proceeded on 
  thro a wide leavel vallie without wood except willows & Srubs for 15 
  miles and Encamped at a place the high lands approach within 200 yards in 
  2 points the River here only 10 yards wide Several Small Streams branching 
  out on each Side below. all the Indians proceeded on except the 3 Chiefs 
  & two young men. my hunters killed two Deer which we eate. The Course 
  from the forks is West 9 miles N# 60° W# 6 miles. The Laid# of the forks 
  agreeable to observations is 43° 30' 43" North ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0856-1805-08-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 19th 1805. This morning I arrose at dylight. and sent out 
  three hunters. some of the men who were much in want of legings and 
  mockersons I suffered to dress some skins. the others I employed in 
  repacking the baggage, making pack saddles &c# we took up the net this 
  morning but caugt no fish. one beaver was caught in a trap. the frost 
  which perfectly whitened the grass this morning had a singular appearance 
  to me at this season. this evening I made a few of the men construct a 
  sein of willow brush which we hawled and caught a large number of fine 
  trout and a kind of mullet about 16 Inhes long which I had not seen 
  before. the scales are small, the nose is long and obtusely pointed and 
  exceedes the under jaw. the mouth is not large but opens with foalds at 
  the sides, the colour of it's back and sides is of a bluish brown and 
  belley white; it has the faggot bones, from which I have supposed it to be 
  of the mullet kind. the tongue and pallate are smooth and it has no teeth. 
  it is by no means as good as the trout. the trout are the same which I 
  first met with at the falls of the Missouri, they are larger than the 
  speckled trout of our mountains and equally as well flavored. The hunters 
  returned this evening with two deer. from what has been said of the 
  Shoshones it will be readily perceived that they live in a wretched stait 
  of poverty. yet notwithstanding their extreem poverty they are not only 
  cheerfull but even gay, fond of gaudy dress and amusements; like most 
  other Indians they are great egotists and frequently boast of heroic acts 
  which they never performed. they are also fond of games of wrisk. they are 
  frank, communicative, fair in dealing, generous with the little they 
  possess, extreemly honest, and by no means beggarly. each individual is 
  his own sovereign master, and acts from the dictates of his own mind; the 
  authority of the Cheif being nothing more than mere admonition supported 
  by the influence which the propiety of his own examplery conduct may have 
  acquired him in the minds of the individuals who compose the band. the 
  title of cheif is not hereditary, nor can I learn that there is any 
  cerimony of instalment, or other epoh in the life of a Cheif from which 
  his title as such can be dated. in fact every man is a chief, but all have 
  not an equal influence on the minds of the other members of the community, 
  and he who happens to enjoy the greatest share of confidence is the 
  principal Chief. The Shoshonees may be estimated at about 100 warriors, 
  and about three times that number of woomen and children. they have more 
  children among them than I expected to have seen among a people who 
  procure subsistence with such difficulty. there are but few very old 
  persons, nor did they appear to treat those with much tenderness or 
  rispect. The man is the sole propryetor of his wives and daughters, and 
  can barter or dispose of either as he thinks proper. a plurality of wives 
  is common among them, but these are not generally sisters as with the 
  Minnetares & Mandans but are purchased of different fathers. The 
  father frequently disposes of his infant daughters in marriage to men who 
  are grown or to men who have sons for whom they think proper to provide 
  wives. the compensation given in such cases usually consists of horses or 
  mules which the father receives at the time of contract and converts to 
  his own uce. the girl remains with her parents untill she is conceived to 
  have obtained the age of puberty which with them is considered to be about 
  the age of 13 or 14 years. the female at this age is surrendered to her 
  sovereign lord and husband agreeably to contract, and with her is 
  frequently restored by the father quite as much as he received in the 
  first instance in payment for his daughter; but this is discretionary with 
  the father. Sah~car~gar~we~ah had been thus disposed of before she was 
  taken by the Minnetares, or had arrived to the years of puberty. the 
  husband was yet living and with this band. he was more than double her age 
  and had two other wives. he claimed her as his wife but said that as she 
  had had a child by another man, who was Charbono, that he did not want 
  her. They seldom correct their children particularly the boys who soon 
  become masters of their own acts. they give as a reason that it cows and 
  breaks the Sperit of the boy to whip him, and that he never recovers his 
  independence of mind after he is grown. They treat their women but with 
  little rispect, and compel them to perform every species of drudgery. they 
  collect the wild fruits and roots, attend to the horses or assist in that 
  duty cook dreess the skins and make all their apparal, collect wood and 
  make their fires, arrange and form their lodges, and when they travel pack 
  the horses and take charge of all the baggage; in short the man dose 
  little else except attend his horses hunt and fish. the man considers 
  himself degraded if he is compelled to walk any distance, and if he is so 
  unfortunately poor as only to possess two horses he rides the best himself 
  and leavs the woman or women if he has more than one, to transport their 
  baggage and children on the other, and to walk if the horse is unable to 
  carry the additional weight of their persons ¬ the chastity of their 
  women is not held in high estimation, and the husband will for a trifle 
  barter the companion of his bead for a night or longer if he conceives the 
  reward adiquate; tho they are not so importunate that we should caress 
  their women as the siouxs were and some of their women appear to be held 
  more sacred than in any nation we have seen I have requested the men to 
  give them no cause of jealousy by having connection with their women 
  without their knowledge, which with them strange as it may seem is 
  considered as disgracefull to the husband as clandestine connections of a 
  similar kind are among civilized nations. to prevent this mutual exchange 
  of good officies altogether I know it impossible to effect, particularly 
  on the part of our young men whom some months abstinence have made very 
  polite to those tawney damsels. no evil has yet resulted and I hope will 
  not from these connections. notwithstanding the late loss of horses 
  which this people sustained by the Minnetares the stock of the band may be 
  very safely estimated at seven hundred of which they are perhaps about 40 
  coalts and half that number of mules.these people are deminutive in 
  stature, thick ankles, crooked legs, thick flat feet and in short but illy 
  formed, at least much more so in general than any nation of Indians I ever 
  saw. their complexion is much that of the Siouxs or darker than the 
  Minnetares mandands or Shawnees. generally both men and women wear their 
  hair in a loos lank flow over the sholders and face; tho I observed some 
  few men who confined their hair in two equal cues hanging over each ear 
  and drawnn in front of the body. the cue is formed with throngs of dressed 
  lather or Otterskin aternately crossing each other. at present most of 
  them have cut short in the neck in consequence of the loss of their 
  relations by the Minnetares. Cameahwait has his cut close all over his 
  head. this constitutes their cerimony of morning for their deceased 
  relations. the dress of the men consists of a robe long legings, shirt, 
  tippet and Mockersons, that of the women is also a robe, chemise, and 
  Mockersons; sometimes they make use of short legings. the ornements of 
  both men and women are very similar, and consist of several species of sea 
  shells, blue and white beads, bras and Iron arm bands, plaited cords of 
  the sweet grass, and collars of leather ornamented with the quills of the 
  porcupine dyed of various colours among which I observed the red, yellow, 
  blue, and black. the ear is purforated in the lower part to receive 
  various ornaments but the nose is not, nor is the ear lasserated or 
  disvigored for this purpose as among many nations. the men never mark 
  their skins by birning, cuting, nor puncturing and introducing a colouring 
  matter as many nations do. there women sometimes puncture a small circle 
  on their forehead nose or cheeks and thus introduce a black matter usually 
  soot and grease which leaves an indelible stane. tho this even is by no 
  means common. their arms offensive and defensive consist in the bow and 
  arrows sheild, some lances, and a weapon called by the Cippeways who 
  formerly used it, the pog~gal'~mag~gon'. in fishing they employ wairs, 
  gigs, and fishing hooks. the salmon is the principal object of their 
  pursuit. they snair wolves and foxes. I was anxious to learn whether these 
  people had the venerial, and made the enquiry through the intrepreter and 
  his wife; the information was that they sometimes had it but I could not 
  learn their remedy; they most usually die with it's effects. this seems a 
  strong proof that these disorders bothe gonaroehah and Louis venerae are 
  native disorders of America. tho these people have suffered much by the 
  small pox which is known to be imported and perhaps those other disorders 
  might have been contracted from other indian tribes who by a round of 
  communication might have obtained from the Europeans since it was 
  introduced into that quarter of the globe. but so much detatched on the 
  other had from all communication with the whites that I think it most 
  probable that those disorders are original with them. from the middle of 
  May to the firt of September these people reside on the waters of the 
  Columbia where they consider themselves in perfect security from their 
  enimies as they have not as yet ever found their way to this retreat; 
  during this season the salmon furnish the principal part of their 
  subsistence and as this firsh either perishes or returns about the 1st of 
  September they are compelled at this season in surch of subsistence to 
  resort to the Missouri, in the vallies of which, there is more game even 
  within the mountains. here they move slowly down the river in order to 
  collect and join other bands either of their own nation or the Flatheads, 
  and having become sufficiently strong as they conceive venture on the 
  Eastern side of the Rockey mountains into the plains, where the buffaloe 
  abound. but they never leave the interior of the mountains while they can 
  obtain a scanty subsistence, and always return as soon as they have 
  acquired a good stock of dryed meat in the plains; when this stock is 
  consumed they venture again into the plains; thus alternately obtaining 
  their food at the risk of their lives and retiring to the mountains, while 
  they consume it. These people are now on the eve of their departure 
  for the Missouri, and inform us that they expect to be joined at or about 
  the three forks by several bands of their own nation, and a band of the 
  Flatheads. as I am now two busily engaged to enter at once into a minute 
  discription of the several articles which compose their dress, impliments 
  of war hunting fishing &c I shall pursue them at my leasure in the 
  order they have here occurred to my mind, and have been mentioned. This 
  morning capt# Clark continued his rout with his party, the Indians 
  accompanying him as yesterday; he was obliged to feed them. nothing 
  remarkable happened during the day. he was met by an Indian with two mules 
  on this side of the dividing ridge at the foot of the mountain, the Indian 
  had the politeness to offer Capt# C# one of his mules to ride as he was on 
  foot, which he accepted and gave the fellow a waistcoat as a reward for 
  his politeness. in the evening he reached the creek on this side of the 
  Indian camp and halted for the night. his hunters killed nothing today. 
  The Indians value their mules very highly. a good mule can not be obtained 
  for less than three and sometimes four horses, and the most indifferent 
  are rated at two horses. their mules generally are the finest I ever saw 
  without any comparison. today I observed time and distance of sun's 
  and moon's nearest limbs with sextant sun East. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0857-1805-08-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 19th Monday 1805 A verry Cold morning Frost to be Seen we Set out 
  at 7 oClock and proceeded on thro a wide leavel Vallie the Chief Shew me 
  the place that a number of his nation was killed about 1 years past this 
  Vallie Continues 5 miles & then becoms narrow, the beaver has Darned 
  up the River in maney places we proceeded on up the main branch with a 
  gradial assent to the head and passed over a low mountain and Decended a 
  Steep Decent to a butifull Stream, passed over a Second hill of a verry 
  Steep assent & thro a hilley Countrey for 8 miles an Encamped on a 
  Small Stream the Indians with us we wer oblige to feed ¬ one man met 
  one with a mule & Spanish Saddle to ride, I gave him a wistoat a mule 
  is considered a of great value among those people we proceeded on over a 
  verry mountanious Countrey across the head of hollows & Springs 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0858-1805-08-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday August 20th 1805. This morning I sent out the two hunters and 
  employed the ballance of the party pretty much as yesterday. I walked down 
  the river about ¬ 3/4 of a mile and scelected a place near the river 
  bank unperceived by the Indians for a cash, which I set three men to make, 
  and directed the centinel to discharge his gun if he pereceived any of the 
  Indians going down in that direction which was to be the signal for the 
  men at work on the cash to desist and seperate, least these people should 
  discover our deposit and rob us of the baggage we intend leaving here. by 
  evening the cash was completed unperceived by the Indians, and all our 
  packages made up. the Pack~saddles and harries is not yet complete. in 
  this operation we find ourselves at a loss for nails and boards; for the 
  first we substitute throngs of raw hide which answer verry well, and for 
  the last to cut off the blades of our oars and use the plank of some boxes 
  which have heretofore held other articles and put those articles into 
  sacks of raw hide which I have had made for the purpose. by this means I 
  have obtained as many boards as will make 20 saddles which I suppose will 
  be sufficient for our present exegencies. The Indians with us behave 
  themselves extreemly well; the women have been busily engaged all day 
  making and mending the mockersons of our party. In the evening the hunters 
  returned unsuccessfull. Drewyer went in search of his trap which a beaver 
  had taken off last night; he found the beaver dead with the trap to his 
  foot about 2 miles below the place he had set it. this beaver constituted 
  the whole of the game taken today. the fur of this animal is as good as I 
  ever saw any, and beleive that they are never out of season on the upper 
  part of the Missouri and it's branches within the Mountains. Goodrich 
  caught several douzen fine trout. today. I made up a small assortment of 
  medicines, together with the specemines of plants, minerals, seeds &c# 
  which, I have collected betwen this place and the falls of the Missouri 
  which I shall deposit here. the robe woarn by the Shoshonees is the same 
  in both sexes and is loosly thrown about their sholders, and the sides at 
  pleasure either hanging loose or drawn together with the hands, sometimes 
  if the weather is cold they confine it with a girdel arround the waist; 
  they are generally about the size of a 21/2 point blanket for grown 
  persons and reach as low as the middle of the leg. this robe forms a 
  garment in the day and constitutes their only covering at night. with 
  these people the robe is formed most commonly of the skins of Antelope, 
  Bighorn, or deer, dressed with the hair on, tho they prefer the buffaloe 
  when they can procure them. I have also observed some robes among them of 
  beaver, moonax, and small wolves. the summer robes of both sexes are also 
  frequently made of the Elk's skin dressed without the hair. The shirt of 
  the men is really a commodious and decent garment. it roomy and reaches 
  nearly half way the thye, there is no collar, the apperture being 
  sufficiently large to admit the head and is left square at top, or most 
  frequently, both before and behind terminate in the tails of the animals 
  of which they are made and which foald outwards being frequently left 
  entire or somtimes cut into a fring on the edges and ornimented with the 
  quills of the Porcupine. the sides of the shirt are sewed deeply fringed, 
  and ornamented in a similar manner from the bottom upwards, within six or 
  eight inches of the sieve from whence it is left open as well as the sieve 
  on it's under side to the elbow nearly. from the elbow the sieve fits the 
  arm tight as low as the wrist and is not ornimented with a fringe as the 
  sides and under parts of the sieve are above the elbow. the sholder straps 
  are wide and on them is generally displayed the taste of the manufacterer 
  in a variety of figures wrought with the quills of the porcupine of 
  several colours; beads when they have them are also displayed on this 
  part. the tail of the shirt is left in the form which the fore legs and 
  neck give it with the addition of a slight fringe. the hair is usually 
  left on the tail, & near the hoofs of the animal; part of the hoof is 
  also retained to the skin and is split into a fring by way of orniment. 
  these shirts are generally made of deer's Antelope's, Bighorn's, or Elk's 
  skins dressed without the hair. the Elk skin is less used for this purpose 
  than either of the others. their only thread used on this or any other 
  occasion is the sinews taken from the back and loins of the deer Elk 
  buffaloe &c# Their legings are most usually formed of the skins of the 
  Antelope dressed without the hair. in the men they are very long and full 
  each leging being formed of a skin nearly entire. the legs, tail and neck 
  are also left on these, and the tail woarn upwards; and the neck deeply 
  fringed and ornimented with porcupine qulls drags or trails on the ground 
  behind the heel. the skin is sewn in such manner as to fit the leg and 
  thye closely; the upper part being left open a sufficient distance to 
  permit the legs of the skin to be dran underneath a girdle both before and 
  behind, and the wide part of the skin to cover the buttock and lap before 
  in such manner that the breechcloth is unnecessary. they are much more 
  decent in concealing those parts than any nation on the Missouri the sides 
  of the legings are also deeply fringed and ornimented. sometimes this part 
  is ornimented with little fassicles of the hair of an enimy whom they have 
  slain in battle. The tippet of the Snake Indians is the most eligant peice 
  of Indian dress I ever saw, the neck or collar of this is formed of a 
  strip of dressed Otter skin with the fur. it is about four or five inches 
  wide and is cut out of the back of the skin the nose and eyes forming one 
  extremity and the tail the other. begining a little behind the ear of the 
  animal at one edge of this collar and proceeding towards the tail, they 
  attatch from one to two hundred and fifty little roles of Ermin skin 
  formed in the following manner. the skin is first dressed with the fur on 
  it and a narrow strip is cut out of the back of the skin reaching from the 
  nose and imbracing the tail. this is sewed arround a small cord of the 
  silk~grass twisted for the purpose and regularly tapering in such manner 
  as to give it ajust proportion to the tail which is to form the lower 
  extremity of the stran. thus arranged they are confined at the upper point 
  in little bundles of two~three, or more as the disign may be to make them 
  more full; these are then attatched to the collars as before mentioned, 
  and to conceal the connection of this part which would otherwise have a 
  course appearance they attatch a broad fringe of the Ermin skin to the 
  collar overlaying that part. little bundles of fine fringe of the same 
  materials is fastened to the extremity of the tails in order to shew their 
  black extremities to greater advantage. the center of the otterskin collar 
  is also ornamented with the shells of the perl oister. the collar is 
  confined arond the neck and the little roles of Ermin skin about the size 
  of a large quill covers the solders and body nearly to the waist and has 
  the appearance of a short cloak and is really handsome. these they esteem 
  very highly, and give or dispose of only on important occasions. the ermin 
  whic is known to the traiders of the N# W# by the name of the white weasel 
  is the genuine ermine, and might no doubt be turned to great advantage by 
  those people if they would encourage the Indians to take them. they are no 
  doubt extreemly plenty and readily taken, from the number of these tippets 
  which I have seen among these people and the great number of skins 
  employed in the construction of each timppet. scarcely any of them have 
  employed less than one hundred of these skins in their formation. This 
  morning Capt# Clark set out at 6 in the morning and soon after arrived 
  near their camp they having removed about 2 miles higher up the river than 
  the camp at which they were when I first visited them. the chief requested 
  a halt, which was complyed with, and a number of the indians came out from 
  the village and joined them after smoking a few pipes with them they all 
  proceeded to the village where Capt C# was conducted to a large lodge 
  prepared in the center of the encampment for himself and party. here they 
  gave him one salmon and some cakes of dryed berries. he now repeated to 
  them what had been said to them in council at this place which was 
  repeated to the village by the Cheif. when he had concluded this address 
  he requested a guide to accompany him down the river and an elderly man 
  was pointed out by the Cheif who consented to undertake this task. this 
  was the old man of whom Cameahwait had spoken as a person well acquainted 
  with the country to the North of this river. Capt# C# encouraged the 
  Indians to come over with their horses and assist me over with the 
  baggage. he distrubuted some presents among the Indians. about half the 
  men of the village turned out to hunt the antelope but were unsuccessfull. 
  at 3 P#M# Capt# Clark departed, accompanyed by his guide and party except 
  one man whom he left with orders to purchase a horse if possible and 
  overtake him as soon as he could. he left Charbono and the indian woman to 
  return to my camp with the Indians. he passed the river about four miles 
  below the Indians, and encamped on a small branch, eight miles distant. on 
  his way he met a rispectable looking indian who returned and continued 
  with him all night; this indian gave them three salmon. Capt# C# killed a 
  cock of the plains or mountain cock. it was of a dark brown colour with a 
  long and pointed tail larger than the dunghill fowl and had a fleshey 
  protuberant substance about the base of the upper chap, something like 
  that of the turkey tho without the snout. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0859-1805-08-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 20th Tuesday 1805 Set out at half past 6 oClock and proceeded on 
  (met maney parties of Indians) thro a hilley Countrey to the Camp of the 
  Indians on a branch of the Columbia River, before we entered this Camp a 
  Serimonious hault was requested by the Chief and I Smoked with all that 
  Came around for Several pipes, we then proceeded on to the Camp & I 
  was introduced into the only Lodge they had which was pitched in the 
  Center for my party all the other Lodges made of bushes, after a fiew 
  Indian Seremonies I informed the Indians the object of our journey our 
  good intentions towards them my consern for their distressed Situation, 
  what we had done for them in makeing a piece with the Minitarras Mandans 
  Rockara &c# for them. and requested them all to take over their 
  horses & assist Capt Leiwis across &c# also informing them the 
  oject of my journey down the river and requested a guide to accompany me, 
  all of which was repeited by the Chief to the whole village. 
  = 
  Those pore people Could only raise a Sammon & a little dried Choke 
  Cherris for us half the men of the tribe with the Chief turned out to hunt 
  the antilopes, at 3 oClock after giveing a fiew Small articles as presents 
  I set out accompanied by an old man as a Guide (I endevered to procure as 
  much information from thos people as possible without much Suckcess they 
  being but little acquainted or effecting to be So) I lef one man to 
  purchase a horse and overtake me and proceeded on thro a wide rich bottom 
  on a beaten Roade 8 miles Crossed the river and encamped on a Small run, 
  this evening passed a number of old lodges, and met a number of men women 
  children & horses, met a man who appeared of Some Consideration who 
  turned back with us, he halted a woman & gave us 3 Small Sammon, this 
  man continued with me all night and partook of what I had which was a 
  little Pork verry Salt. Those Indians are verry attentive to Strangers 
  &c# I left our interpreter & his woman to accompany the Indians to 
  Capt Lewis tomorrow the Day they informed me they would Set out I killed a 
  Pheasent at the Indian Camp larger than a dungal fowl with feshey 
  protuberances about the head like a turkey. Frost last night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0860-1805-08-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday August 21st 1805. This morning was very cold. the ice 1/4 of an 
  inch thick on the water which stood in the vessels exposed to the air. 
  some wet deerskins that had been spread the grass last evening are stiffly 
  frozen. the ink feizes in my pen. the bottoms are perfectly covered with 
  frost insomuch that they appear to be covered with snow. This morning 
  early I dispatched two hunters to kill some meat if possible before the 
  Indians arrive; Drewyer I sent with the horse into the cove for that 
  purpose. The party pursued their several occupations as yesterday. by 
  evening I had all the baggage, saddles, and harness completely ready for a 
  march. after dark, I made the men take the baggage to the cash and deposit 
  it. I beleve we have been unperceived by the Indians in this movement. 
  notwithstanding the coldness of the last night the day has proved 
  excessively warm. neither of the hunters returned this evening and I was 
  obliged to issue pork and corn. The mockersons of both sexes are usually 
  the same and are made of deer Elk or buffaloe skin dressed without the 
  hair. sometimes in the winter they make them of buffaloe skin dressed with 
  the hair on and turn the hair inwards as the Mandans Minetares and most of 
  the nations do who inhabit the buffaloe country. the mockerson is formed 
  with one seem on the outer edge of the foot is cut open at the instep to 
  admit the foot and sewed up behind. in this rispect they are the same with 
  the Mandans. they sometimes ornament their mockersons with various figures 
  wrought with the quills of the Porcupine. some of the dressey young men 
  orniment the tops of their mockersons with the skins of polecats and trale 
  the tail of that animal on the ground at their heels as they walk.the robe 
  of the woman is generally smaller than that of the man but is woarn in the 
  same manner over the sholders. the Chemise is roomy and comes down below 
  the middle of the leg the upper part of this garment is formed much like 
  the shirt of the men except the sholder strap which is never used with the 
  Chemise. in women who give suck, they are left open at the sides nearly as 
  low as the waist, in others, close as high as the sleeve. the sleeve 
  underneath as low as the elbow is open, that part being left very full. 
  the sides tail and upper part of the sleeves are deeply fringed and 
  sometimes ornimented in a similar manner with the shirts of the men with 
  the addition of little patches of red cloth about the tail edged around 
  with beads. the breast is usually ornament with various figures of party 
  colours rought with the quills of the Porcupine. it is on this part of the 
  garment that they appear to exert their greatest ingenuity. a girdle of 
  dressed leather confines the Chemise around the waist# when either the man 
  or woman wish to disengage their arm from the sleeve they draw it out by 
  means of the opening underneath the arm an throw the sleeve behind the 
  body. the legings of the women reach as high as the knee and are confined 
  with a garter below. the mockerson covers and confins it's lower 
  extremity. they are neither fringed nor ornamented. these legings are made 
  of the skins of the antelope and the Chemise usually of those of the large 
  deer Bighorn and the smallest elk. They seldom wear the beads they 
  possess about their necks at least I have never seen a grown person of 
  either sex wear them on this part; some their children are seen with them 
  in this way. the men and women were them suspen from the ear in little 
  bunches or intermixed with triangular peices of the shells of the perl 
  oister. the men also were them attached in a similar manner to the hare of 
  the fore part of the crown of the head; to which they sometimes make the 
  addition of the wings and tails of birds. the nose in neither sex is 
  pierced nor do they wear any ornament in it. they have a variety of small 
  sea shells of which they form collars woarn indiscriminately by both 
  sexes. these as well as the shell of the perl oister they value very 
  highly and inform us that they obtain them from their friends and 
  relations who live beyond the barren plain towards the Ocean in a S# 
  Westerly direction. these friends of theirs they say inhabit a good 
  country abounding with Elk, deer, bear, and Antelope, and possess a much 
  greater number of horses and mules than they do themselves; or using their 
  own figure that their horses and mules are as numerous as the grass of the 
  plains. the warriors or such as esteem themselves brave men wear collars 
  made of the claws of the brown bear which are also esteemed of great value 
  and are preserved with great care. these claws are ornamented with beads 
  about the thick end near which they are peirced through their sides and 
  strung on a throng of dressed leather and tyed about the neck commonly 
  with the upper edge of the tallon next the breast or neck but sometimes 
  are reversed. it is esteemed by them an act of equal celebrity the killing 
  one of these bear or an enimy, and with the means they have of killing 
  this animal it must really be a serious undertaking. the sweet sented 
  grass which grows very abundant on this river is either twisted or plaited 
  and woarn around the neck in ether sex, but most commonly by the men. they 
  have a collar also woarn by either sex. it generally round and about the 
  size of a man's finger; formed of leather or silk~grass twisted or firmly 
  rolled and covered with the quills of the porcupine of different colours. 
  the tusks of the Elk are pierced strung on a throng and woarn as an 
  orniment for the neck, and is most generally woarn by the women and 
  children. the men frequently wear the skin of a fox or a broad strip of 
  that of the otter around the forehead and head in form of a bando. they 
  are also fond of the feathers of the tail of the beautifull eagle or 
  callumet birds with which they ornament their own hair and the tails and 
  mains of their horses. The dress of these people is quite as desent and 
  convenient as that of any nation of Indians I ever saw. 
  = 
  This morning early Capt# C# resumed his march; at the distance of five 
  miles he arrived at some brush lodges of the Shoshones inhabited by about 
  seven families here he halted and was very friendly received by these 
  people, who gave himself and party as much boiled salmon as they could 
  eat; they also gave him several dryed salmon and a considerable quantity 
  of dryed chokecherries. after smoking with them he visited their fish wear 
  which was abut 200 yds# distant. he found the wear extended across four 
  channels of the river which was here divided by three small islands. three 
  of these channels were narrow, and were stoped by means of trees fallen 
  across, supported by which stakes of willow were driven down sufficiently 
  near each other to prevent the salmon from passing. about the center of 
  each a cilindric basket of eighteen or 20 feet in length terminating in a 
  conic shape at it's lower extremity, formed of willows, was opposed to a 
  small apperture in the wear with it's mouth up stream to receive the fish. 
  the main channel of the water was conducted to this basket, which was so 
  narrow at it's lower extremity that the fish when once in could not turn 
  itself about, and were taken out by untying the small ends of the 
  longitudinal willows, which frormed the hull of the basket. the wear in 
  the main channel was somewhat differently contrived. there were two 
  distinct wears formed of poles and willow sticks, quite across the river, 
  at no great distance from each other. each of these, were furnished with 
  two baskets; the one wear to take them ascending and the other in 
  decending. in constructing these wears, poles were first tyed together in 
  parcels of three near the smaller extremity; these were set on end, and 
  spread in a triangular form at the base, in such manner, that two of the 
  three poles ranged in the direction of the intended work, and the third 
  down the stream. two ranges of horizontal poles were next lashed with 
  willow bark and wythes to the ranging poles, and on these willow sticks 
  were placed perpendicularly, reaching from the bottom of the river to 
  about 3 or four feet above it's surface; and placed so near each other, as 
  not to permit the passage of the fish, and even so thick in some parts, as 
  with the help of gravel and stone to give a direction to the water which 
  they wished. the baskets were the same in form of the others. this 
  is the form of the work, and disposition of the baskets. 
  = 
  After examining the wears Capt# C# returned to the lodges, and shortly 
  continued his rout and passed the river to the Lard# side a little 
  distance below the wears. he sent Collins with an Indian down the Lard# 
  side of the river to the forks 5 me# in surch of Cruzatte who was left at 
  the upper camp yesterday to purchase a horse and had followed on today and 
  passed them by another road while they were at the lodges and had gone on 
  to the forks. while Capt# Clark was at these lodges an Indian brought him 
  a tomehawk which he said he found in the grass near the lodge where I had 
  staid at the upper camp when I was first with his nation the tommahawk was 
  Drewyer's he missed it in the morning before we had set out and surched 
  for it but it was not to be found I beleive the young fellow stole it, but 
  if he did it is the only article they have pilfered and this was now 
  returned. Capt# C# after traveling about 20 miles through the valley with 
  the course of the river nearly N# W# encamped on the Stard# side in a 
  small bottom under a high Clift of rocks. on his way one of the party 
  killed a very large Salmon in a creek which they passed at the distance of 
  14 ms# he was joined this evening by Cruzatte and Collins who brought with 
  them five fresh salmon which had been given them by the Indians at the 
  forks. the forks of this river is famous as a gig fishery and is much 
  resorted by the natives. They killed one deer today. The Guide 
  apeared to be a very friendly intelligent old man, Capt# C# is much 
  pleased with him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0861-1805-08-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 21st Wednesday 1805 Frost last night proceeded on with the Indians 
  I met about 5 miles to there Camp, I entered a lodge and after Smokeing 
  with all who Came about me I went to See the place those people take the 
  fish, a wear across the Creek in which there is Stuk baskets Set in 
  different derections So as to take the fish either decending or assending 
  on my return to the Camp which was 200 yards only the different lodges 
  (which is only bushes) brought in to the lodge I was introduced into, 
  Sammon boiled, and dried Choke Chers. Sufficent for all my party. one 
  man brought me a tomahawk which we expected they had Stolen from a man of 
  Capt Lewis's party, this man informed me he found the tomk in the grass 
  near the place the man Slept. Crossed the River and went over a point of 
  high land & Struck it again near a Bluff on the right Side the man I 
  left to get a horse at the upper Camp missed me & went to the forks 
  which is about five miles below the last Camp. 
  = 
  I sent one man by the forks with derections to join me to night with the 
  one now at that place, those two men joined me at my Camp on the right 
  Side below the 1st Clift with 5 Sammon which the Indians gave them at the 
  forks, the place they gig fish at this Season. Their method of takeing 
  fish with a gig or bone is with a long pole, about a foot from one End is 
  a Strong String attached to the pole, this String is a little more than a 
  foot long and is tied to the middle of a bone from 4 to 6 inches long, one 
  end Sharp the other with a whole to fasten on the end of the pole with a 
  beard to the large end, the fasten this bone on one end & with the 
  other, feel for the fish & turn and Strike them So hard that the bone 
  passes through and Catches on the opposit Side, Slips off the End of the 
  pole and holds the Center of the bone Those Indians are mild in their 
  disposition appear Sincere in their friendship, punctial, and decided. 
  kind with what they have, to Spare. They are excessive pore, nothing but 
  horses there Enemies which are noumerous on account of there horses & 
  Defenceless Situation, have Deprived them of tents and all the Small 
  Conveniances of life. They have only a few indifferent Knives, no ax, make 
  use of Elk's horn Sharpened to Spit ther wood, no clothes except a Short 
  Legins & robes of different animals, Beaver, Bear, Buffalow, wolf 
  Panthor, Ibex, Sheep Deer, but most commonly the antilope Skins which they 
  ware loosely about them ¬ Their ornements are Orter Skin dcurated with 
  See Shells & the Skins & tales of the white weasel, Sea Shels of 
  different size hung to their Ears hair and breast of their Shirts, beeds 
  of Shells platted grass, and Small Strings of otter Skin dressed, they are 
  fond of our trinkets, and give us those ornements as the most valueable of 
  their possession. The women are held Sacred and appear to have an equal 
  Shere in all Conversation, which is not the Case in any othe nation I have 
  Seen. their boeys & Girls are also admited to Speak except in 
  Councils, the women doe all the drugery except fishing and takeing care of 
  the horses, which the men apr# to take upon themselves. The men ware 
  the hair loose flowing over ther Sholders & face the women Cut Short, 
  orniments of the back bones of fish Strung plated grass grains of Corn 
  Strung Feathers and orniments of Birds Claws of the Bear encurcling their 
  necks the most Sacred of all the orniments of this nation is the Sea 
  Shells of various Sizes and Shapes and colours, of the bassterd perl kind, 
  which they inform us they get from the Indians to the South on the other 
  Side of a large fork of this river in passing to which they have to pass 
  thro Sandy & barron open plains without water to which place they can 
  travel in 15 or 20 days ¬ The men who passed by the forks informed me 
  that the S W# fork was double the Size of the one I came down, and I 
  observed that it was a handsom river at my camp I shall injustice to Capt 
  Lewis who was the first white man ever on this fork of the Columbia Call 
  this Louis's river. one Deer killed this morning, and a Sammon in the last 
  Creek 21/2 feet long The Westerley fork of the Columbia River is double 
  the Size of the Easterley fork & below those forks the river is about 
  the Size Jeffersons River near its mouth or 100 yards wide, it is verry 
  rapid & Sholey water Clear but little timber. This Clift is of a 
  redish brown Colour the rocks which fall from it is a dark brown flint 
  tinged with that Colour. Some Gullies of white Sand Stone and Sand fine 
  & as white as Snow. The mountains on each Side are high, and those on 
  the East ruged & Contain a fiew Scattering pine, those on the West 
  contain pine on ther tops & high up the hollows ¬ The bottoms of 
  this is wide & rich from some distance above the place I struck the 
  East fork they are also wide on the East Passed a large Creek which fall 
  in on the right Side 6 miles below the forks a road passes up this Creek 
  & to the Missouri. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0862-1805-08-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 22ed 1805 This morning early I sent a couple of men to 
  complete the covering of the cash which could not be done well last night 
  in the dark, they soon accomplished their work and returned. late last 
  night Drewyer returned with a fawn he had killed and a considerable 
  quantity of Indian plunder. the anecdote with rispect to the latter is 
  perhaps worthy of relation. he informed me that while hunting in the Cove 
  yesterday about 12 OCk# he came suddonly upon an Indian Camp, at which 
  there were a young man an Old man a boy and three women, that they seemed 
  but little supprised at seeing him and he rode up to them and dismounted 
  turning horse out to graize. these people had just finished their repast 
  on some roots, he entered into conversation with them by signs, and after 
  about 20 minutes one of the women spoke to the others of the party and 
  they all went immediately and collected their horses brought them to camp 
  and saddled them at this moment he thought he would also set out and 
  continue his hunt, and accorgingly walked to catch his horse at some 
  little distance and neglected to take up his gun which, he left at camp. 
  the Indians perceiving him at the distance of fifty paces immediately 
  mounted their horses, the young man took the gun and the whole of them 
  left their baggage and laid whip to their horses directing their course to 
  the pass of the mountains. finding himself deprived of his gun he 
  immediately mounted his horse and pursued; after runing them about 10 
  miles the horses of two of the women nearly gave out and the young fellow 
  with the gun from their frequent crys slackened his pace and being on a 
  very fleet horse road around the women at a little distance at length 
  Drewer overtook the women and by signs convinced them that he did not wish 
  to hirt them they then halted and the young fellow approached still 
  nearer, he asked him for his gun but the only part of the answer which he 
  could understand was pah kee which he knew to be the name by which they 
  called their enimies. watching his opportunity when the fellow was off his 
  guard he suddonly rode along side of him seized his gun and wrest her out 
  of his hands. the fellow finding Drewyer too strong for him and 
  discovering that he must yeald the gun had pesents of mind to open the pan 
  and cast the priming before he let the gun escape from his hands; now 
  finding himself devested of the gun he turned his horse about and laid 
  whip leaving the women to follow him as well as they could. Drewyer now 
  returned to the place they had left their baggage and brought it with him 
  to my camp. it consisted of several dressed and undressed skins; a couple 
  of bags wove with the fingers of the bark of the silk~grass containing 
  each about a bushel of dryed service berries some checherry cakes and 
  about a bushel of roots of three different kinds dryed and prepared for 
  uce which were foalded in as many parchment hides of buffaloe. some flint 
  and the instrument of bone for manufactureing the flint into arrow points. 
  some of this flint was as transparent as the common black glass and much 
  of the same colour easily broken, and flaked off much like glass leaving a 
  very sharp edge. one speceis of the roots were fusiform abot six inches 
  long and about the size of a man's finger at the larger end tapering to a 
  small point. the radicles larger than in most fusiform roots. the rind was 
  white and thin. the body or consistence of the root was white mealy and 
  easily reduced by pounding to a substance resembleing flour which thickens 
  with boiling water something like flour and is agreeably flavored. this 
  rout is frequently eaten by the Indians either green or in it's dryed 
  state without the preparation of boiling. another speceis was much 
  mutilated but appeared to be fibrous; the parts were brittle, hard of the 
  size of a small quill, cilindric and as white as snow throughout, except 
  some small parts of the hard black rind which they had not seperated in 
  the preperation. this the Indians with me informed were always boiled for 
  use. I made the exprement, found that they became perfectly soft by 
  boiling, but had a very bitter taste, which was naucious to my pallate, 
  and I transfered them to the Indians who had eat them heartily. a third 
  speceis were about the size of a nutmeg, and of an irregularly rounded 
  form, something like the smallest of the Jerusalem artichoke, which they 
  also resemble in every other appearance. they had become very hard by 
  being dryed these I also boiled agreeably to the instruction of the 
  Indians and found them very agreeable. they resemble the Jerusalem 
  Artichoke very much in their flavor and I thought them preferable, however 
  there is some allowance to be made for the length of time I have now been 
  without vegitable food to which I was always much attatched. these are 
  certainly the best root I have yet seen in uce among the Indians. I asked 
  the Indians to shew me the plant of which these roots formed a part but 
  they informed me that neither of them grew near this place. I had set most 
  of the men at work today to dress the deerskin belonging to those who had 
  gone on command with Capt# Clark. at 11 A#M# Charbono the Indian Woman, 
  Cameahwait and about 50 men with a number of women and children arrived. 
  they encamped near us. after they had turned out their horses and arranged 
  their camp I called the Cheifs and warriors together and addressed them a 
  second time; gave them some further presents, particularly the second and 
  third Cheifs who it appeared had agreeably to their promise exerted 
  themselves in my favour. having no fresh meat and these poor devils half 
  starved I had previously prepared a good meal for them all of boiled corn 
  and beans which I gave them as soon as the council was over and I had 
  distributed the presents. this was thankfully received by them. the Chief 
  wished that his nation could live in a country where they could provide 
  such food. I told him that it would not be many years before the whitemen 
  would put it in the power of his nation to live in the country below the 
  mountains where they might cultivate corn beans and squashes. he appeared 
  much pleased with the information. I gave him a few dryed squashes which 
  we had brought from the Mandans he had them boiled and declared them to be 
  the best thing he had ever tasted except sugar, a small lump of which it 
  seems his sister Sah~cah~gar Wea had given him. late in the evening I made 
  the men form a bush drag, and with it in about 2 hours they caught 528 
  very good fish, most of them large trout. among them I now for the first 
  time saw ten or a douzen of a whte speceis of trout. they are of a silvery 
  colour except on the back and head, where they are of a bluish cast. the 
  scales are much larger than the speckled trout, but in their form position 
  of their fins teeth mouth &c they are precisely like them they are not 
  generally quite as large but equally well flavored. I distributed much the 
  greater portion of the fish among the Indians. I purchased five good 
  horses of them very reasonably, or at least for about the value of six 
  dollars a peice in merchandize. the Indians are very orderly and do not 
  croud about our camp nor attempt to disterb any article they see lying 
  about. they borrow knives kettles &c from the men and always carefully 
  return them. Capt# Clark says, "we set out early and passed a small creek 
  at one mile, also the points of four mountains which were high steep and 
  rocky. the mountains are so steep that it is almost incredible to mention 
  that horses had passed them. our road in many places lay over the sharp 
  fragments of rocks which had fallen from the mountains and lay in confused 
  heaps for miles together; yet notwithstanding our horsed traveled barefoot 
  over them as fast as we could and did not detain us. passed two bold 
  runing streams, and arrived at the entrance of a small river" where some 
  Indian families resided. they had some scaffoalds of fish and burries 
  exposed to dry. they were not acquainted with the circumstance of any 
  whitemen being in their country and were therefore much allarmed on our 
  approach several of the women and children fled in the woods for shelter. 
  the guide was behind and the wood thick in which their lodges were 
  situated we came on them before they had the least notice of us. those who 
  remained offered us every thing they had, which was but little; they 
  offered us collars of elks tusks which their children woar Salmon beries 
  &c# we eat some of their fish and buries but returned them the other 
  articles they had offered with a present of some small articles which 
  seemed to add much to their pacification. 
  = 
  The guide who had by this time arrived explained to them who we were and 
  our object in visiting them; but still there were some of the women and 
  Children inconsoleable, they continued to cry during our stay, which was 
  about an hour. a road passes up this river which my guide informed me led 
  over the mountains to the Missouri. from this place I continued my rout 
  along the steep side of a mountain for about 3 miles and arrived at the 
  river near a small Island on the lower point of which we encamped in the 
  evening we attempted to gig fish but were unsuccessfull only obtaining one 
  small salmon. in the course of the day we had passed several women and 
  children geathering burries who were very liberal in bestoing us a part of 
  their collections. the river is very rapid and shoaly; many rocks lie in 
  various derections scattered throughout it's bed. There are some few small 
  pine scattered through the bottoms, of which I only saw one which appeared 
  as if it would answer for a canoe and that was but small. the tops of the 
  mountains on the Lard# side are covered with pine and some also scattered 
  on the sides of all the mountains. I saw today a speceis of woodpecker, 
  which fed on the seeds of the pine. it's beak and tail were white, it's 
  wings were black, and every other part of a dark brown. it was about the 
  size of a robin ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0863-1805-08-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 22d Thursday 1805 We Set out early passed a Small Creek on the 
  right at 1 mile and the points of four mountains verry Steap high & 
  rockey, the assent of three was So Steap that it is incrediable to 
  describe the rocks in maney places loose & Sliped from those mountains 
  and is a bed of rugid loose white and dark brown loose rock for miles. the 
  Indian horses pass over those Clifts hills Sids & rocks as fast as a 
  man, the three horses with me do not detain me any on account of those 
  dificuelties, passed two bold rung. Streams on the right and a Small river 
  at the mouth of Which Several families of Indians were encamped and had 
  Several Scaffolds of fish & buries drying we allarmed them verry much 
  as they knew nothing of a white man being in their Countrey, and at the 
  time we approached their lodges which was in a thick place of bushes ¬ my 
  guiedes were behind. They offered every thing they possessed (which 
  was verry littl) to us, Some run off and hid in the bushes The first offer 
  of theirs were Elks tuskes from around their Childrens necks, Sammon &c# 
  my guide attempted passifyed those people and they Set before me berres, 
  & fish to eate, I gave a fiew Small articles to those fritened people 
  which added verry much to their pasification but not entirely as Some of 
  the women & Childn. Cried dureing my Stay of an hour at this place, I 
  proceeded on the Side of a verry Steep & rockey mountain for 3 miles 
  and Encamped on the lower pt# of an Island. we attempted to gig fish 
  without Suckcess. caught but one Small one.The last Creek or Small river 
  is on the right Side and "a road passes up it & over to the Missouri" 
  in this day passed Several womin and Children gathering and drying buries 
  of which they were very kind and gave us a part. the river rapid and 
  Sholey maney Stones Scattered through it in different directions. I Saw to 
  day Bird of the wood pecker kind which fed on Pine burs its Bill and tale 
  white the wings black every other part of a light brown, and about the 
  Size of a robin. Some fiew Pine Scattered in the bottoms & Sides of 
  the Mountains (the Top of the Motn. to the left Covered & 
  inaxcessable) I Saw one which would make a Small Canoe. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0864-1805-08-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 23, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 23rd 1805. This morning I arrose very early and despatched 
  two hunters on horseback with orders to extend their hunt to a greater 
  distance up the S# E# fork than they had done heretofore, in order if 
  possible to obtain some meet for ourselves as well as the Indians who 
  appeared to depend on us for food and our store of provision is growing 
  too low to indulge them with much more corn or flour. I wished to have set 
  out this morning but the cheef requested that I would wait untill another 
  party of his nation arrived which he expected today, to this I consented 
  from necessity, and therefore sent out the hunters as I have mentioned. I 
  also laid up the canoes this morning in a pond near the forks; sunk them 
  in the water and weighted them down with stone, after taking out the plugs 
  of the gage holes in their bottoms; hoping by this means to guard against 
  both the effects of high water, and that of the fire which is frequently 
  kindled in these plains by the natives. the Indians have promised to do 
  them no intentional injury and beleive they are too lazy at any rate to 
  give themselves the trouble to raise them from their present situation in 
  order to cut or birn them. I reminded the chief of the low state of our 
  stores of provision and advised him to send his young men to hunt, which 
  he immediately recommended to them and most of them turned out. I wished 
  to have purchased some more horses of them but they objected against 
  disposing of any more of them untill we reach their camp beyond the 
  mountains. the Indians pursued a mule buck near our camp I saw this chase 
  for about 4 miles it was really entertaining, there were about twelve of 
  them in pursuit of it on horseback, they finally rode it down and killed 
  it. the all came in about 1 P#M# having killed 2 mule deer and three 
  goats. this mule buck was the largest deer of any kind I had ever seen. it 
  was nearly as large as a doe Elk. I observed that there was but little 
  division or distribution of the meat they had taken among themselves. some 
  familes had a large stock and others none. this is not customary among the 
  nations of Indians with whom I have hitherto been acquainted I asked 
  Cameahwait the reason why the hunters did not divide the meat among 
  themselves; he said that meat was so scarce with them that the men who 
  killed it reserved it for themselves and their own families. my hunters 
  arrived about 2 in the evening with two mule deer and three common deer. I 
  distributed three of the deer among those families who appeared to have 
  nothing to eat. at three P#M# the expected party of Indians arrived, about 
  50 men women and Children. I now learnt that most of them were thus far on 
  their way down the valley towards the buffaloe country, and observed that 
  there was a good deel of anxiety on the part of some of those who had 
  promised to assist me over the mountains to accompany this party, I felt 
  some uneasiness on this subject but as they still said they would return 
  with me as they had promised I said nothing to them but resolved to set 
  out in the morning as early as possible. I dispatched two hunters this 
  evening into the cove to hunt and leave the meat they might kill on the 
  rout we shall pass tomorrow. 
  = 
  The metal which we found in possession of these people consited of a few 
  indifferent knives, a few brass kettles some arm bands of iron and brass, 
  a few buttons, woarn as ornaments in their hair, a spear or two of a foot 
  in length and some iron and brass arrow points which they informed me they 
  obtained in exchange for horses from the Crow or Rocky Mountain Indians on 
  the yellowstone River. the bridlebits and stirrips they obtained from the 
  Spaniards, tho these were but few. many of them made use of flint for 
  knives, and with this instrument, skined the animals they killed, dressed 
  their fish and made their arrows; in short they used it for every purpose 
  to which the knife is applyed. this flint is of no regular form, and if 
  they can only obtain a part of it, an inch or two in length that will cut 
  they are satisfyed, they renew the edge by fleaking off the flint by means 
  of the point of an Elk's or deer's horn. with the point of a deer or Elk's 
  horn they also form their arrow points of the flint, with a quickness and 
  neatness that is really astonishing. we found no axes nor hatchets among 
  them; what wood they cut was done either with stone or Elk's horn. the 
  latter they use always to rive or split their wood. their culinary 
  eutensils exclusive of the brass kettle before mentioned consist of pots 
  in the form of ajar made either of earth, or of a white soft stone which 
  becomes black and very hard by birning, and is found in the hills near the 
  three forks of the Missouri betwen Madison's and Gallitin's rivers they 
  have also spoons made of the Buffaloe's horn and those of the Bighorn. 
  Their bows are made of ceader or pine and have nothing remarkable about 
  them. the back of the bow is covered with sinues and glue and is about 
  21/2 feet long. much the shape of those used by the Siouxs Mandans 
  Minnetares &c# their arrows are more slender generally than those used 
  by the nations just mentioned but much the same in construction. Their 
  Sheild is formed of buffaloe hide, perfectly arrow proof, and is a circle 
  of 2 feet 4 I# or 2 F. 6 I# in diameter. this is frequently painted with 
  varios figures and ornamented around the edges with feather and a fringe 
  of dressed leather. they sometimes make bows of the Elk's horn and those 
  also of the bighorn. those of the Elk's horn are made of a single peice 
  and covered on the back with glue and sinues like those made of wood, and 
  are frequently ornamented with a stran wrought porcupine quills and sinues 
  raped around them for some distance at both extremities. the bows of the 
  bighorn are formed of small peices laid flat and cemented with gleue, and 
  rolled with sinews, after which, they are also covered on the back with 
  sinews and glew, and highly ornamented as they are much prized. forming 
  the sheild is a cerimony of great importance among them, this implement 
  would in their minds be devested of much of its protecting power were it 
  not inspired with those virtues by their old men and jugglers. their 
  method of preparing it is thus, an entire skin of a bull buffaloe two 
  years old is first provided; a feast is next prepared and all the warriors 
  old men and jugglers invited to partake. a hole is sunk in the ground 
  about the same in diameter with the intended sheild and about 18 inches 
  deep. a parcel of stones are now made red hot and thrown into the hole 
  water is next thrown in and the hot stones cause it to emit a very strong 
  hot steem, over this they spread the green skin which must not have been 
  suffered to dry after taken off the beast. the flesh side is laid next to 
  the groround and as many of the workmen as can reach it take hold on it's 
  edges and extend it in every direction. as the skin becomes heated, the 
  hair seperates and is taken of with the fingers, and the skin continues to 
  contract untill the whoe is drawn within the compas designed for the 
  shield, it is then taken off and laid on a parchment hide where they pound 
  it with their heels when barefoot. this operation of pounding continues 
  for several days or as long as the feast lasts when it is delivered to the 
  propryeter and declared by the jugglers and old men to be a sufficient 
  defence against the arrows of their enimies or even bullets if feast has 
  been a satisfactory one. many of them beleive implisitly that a ball 
  cannot penitrate their sheilds, in consequence of certain supernaural 
  powers with which they have been inspired by their jugglers. The 
  Poggamoggon is an instrument with a handle of wood covered with dressed 
  leather about the size of a whip handle and 22 inches long; a round stone 
  of 2 pounds weight is also covered with leather and strongly united to the 
  leather of the handle by a throng of 2 inches long; a loop of leather 
  united to the handle passes arond the wrist# a very heavy blow may be 
  given with this instrument. They have also a kind of armor which they form 
  with many foalds of dressed Atelope's skin, unite with glue and sand. with 
  this they cover their own bodies and those of their horses. these are 
  sufficient against the effects of the arrow. the quiver which 
  contains their arrows and implements for making fire is formed of various 
  skins. that of the Otter seems to be prefered. they are but narrow, of a 
  length sufficent to protect the arrow from the weather, and are woarn on 
  the back by means of a strap which passes over the left sholder and under 
  the wright arm.their impliments for making fire is nothing more than a 
  blunt arrow and a peice of well seasoned soft spongey wood such as the 
  willow or cottonwood. the point of this arrow they apply to this dry stick 
  so near one edge of it that the particles of wood which are seperated from 
  it by the friction of the arrow falls down by it's side in a little pile. 
  the arrow is held between the palms of the hand with the fingers extended, 
  and being pressed as much as possible against the peice is briskly rolled 
  between the palms of the hands backwards and forwards by pressing the 
  arrow downwards the hands of course in rolling arrow also decend; they 
  bring them back with a quick motion and repeat the operation till the dust 
  by the friction takes fire; the peice and arrow are then removed and some 
  dry grass or Boated wood is added. it astonished me to see in what little 
  time these people would kindle fire in this way. in less than a minute 
  they will produce fire. 
  = 
  Capt# Clark set out this morning very early and poroceeded but slowly in 
  consequence of the difficulty of his road which lay along the steep side 
  of a mountain over large irregular and broken masses of rocks which had 
  tumbled from the upper part of the mountain. it was with much wrisk and 
  pain that the horses could get on. at the distance of four miles he 
  arrived at the river and the rocks were here so steep and juted into the 
  river such manner that there was no other alternative but passing through 
  the river, this he attempted with success tho water was so deep for a 
  short distance as to swim the horses and was very rapid; he continued his 
  rout one mile along the edge of the river under this steep Clift to a 
  little bottom, below which the whole current of the river beat against the 
  Stard# shore on which he was, and which was formed of a solid rock 
  perfectly inaccessible to horses. here also the little track which he had 
  been pursuing, terminated. he therefore determined to leave the horses and 
  the majority of the party here and with his guide and three men to 
  continue his rout down the river still further, in order more fully to 
  satisfy himself as to it's practicability. accordingly he directed the men 
  to hunt and fish at this place untill his return. they had not killed 
  anything today but one goose, and the ballance of the little provision 
  they had brought with them, as well as the five salmon they had procured 
  yesterday were consumed last evening; there was of tours no inducement for 
  his halting any time, at this place; after a few minutes he continued his 
  rout clambering over immence rocks and along the sides of lofty precepices 
  on the border of the river to the distance of 12 miles, at which place a 
  large creek discharged itself on the Norh side 12 yds# wide and deep. a 
  short distance above the entrance of this creek there is a narrow bottom 
  which is the first that he had found on the river from that in which he 
  left the horses and party. a plain indian road led up this creek which the 
  guide informed him led to a large river that ran to the North, and was 
  frequented by another nation who occasionally visited this river for the 
  purpose of taking fish. at this place he saw some late appearance of 
  Indians having been encamped and the tracks of a number of horses. Capt# 
  C# halted here about 2 hours, caught some small fish, on which, with the 
  addition of some berries, they dined. the river from the place at which he 
  left the party to his present station was one continued rapid, in which 
  there were five shoals neither of which could be passed with loaded canoes 
  nor even run with empty ones. at those several places therefore it would 
  be necessary to unload and transport the baggage for a considerable 
  distance over steep and almost inacassable rocks where there was no 
  possibility of employing horses for the releif of the men; the canoes 
  would next have to be let down by cords and even with this precaution 
  Capt# C# conceived there would be much wriske of both canoes and men. at 
  one of those shoals the lofty perpendicular rocks which from the bases of 
  the mountains approach the river so nearly on each side, as to prevent the 
  possibility of a portage, or passage for the canoes without expending much 
  labour in removing rocks and cuting away the earth in some places. to 
  surmount These difficulties, precautions must be observed which in their 
  execution must necessarily consume much time and provision, neither of 
  which we can command. the season is now far advanced to remain in these 
  mountains as the Indians inform us we shall shortly have snow; the salmon 
  have so far declined that they are themselves haistening from the country 
  and not an animal of any discription is to be seen in this difficult part 
  of the river larger than a pheasant or a squirrel and they not abundant; 
  add to this that our stock of provision is now so low that it would not 
  support us more than ten days. the bends of the river are short and the 
  currant beats from side to side against the rocks with great violence. the 
  river is about 100 yds# wide and so deep that it cannot be foarded but in 
  a few places, and the rocks approach the river so near in most places that 
  there is no possibility of passing between them and the water; a passage 
  therefore with horses along the river is also impracticable. The sides of 
  these mountains present generally one barren surface of confused and 
  broken masses of stone. above these are white or brown and towards the 
  base of a grey colour and so hard that when struck with a steel, yeald 
  fire like flint. those he had just past were scarcely releived by the 
  appearance of a tree; but those below the entrance of the creek were 
  better covered with timber, and there were also some tall pine near the 
  river. The sides of the mountains are very steep, and the torrents of 
  water which roll down their sides at certain seasons appear to carry with 
  them vast quantities of the loose stone into the river. after dinner Capt# 
  C# continued his rout down the river and at 1/2 a mile pased another creek 
  not so large as that just mentioned, or about 5 yards wide. here his guide 
  informed him that by ascending this creek some distance they would have a 
  better road and would cut off a considerable bend which the river made to 
  the south; accordingly he pursued a well beaten Indian track which led up 
  this creek about six miles, then leaving the creek on the wright he passed 
  over a ridge, and at the distance of a mile arrived at the river where it 
  passes through a well timbered bottom of about eighty acres of land; they 
  passed this bottom and asscended a steep and elivated point of a mountain, 
  from whence the guide shewed him the brake of the river through the 
  mountains for about 20 miles further. this view was terminated by one of 
  the most lofty mountains, Capt# C# informed me, he had ever seen which was 
  perfectly covered with snow. the river directed it's course immediately to 
  this stupendous mountain at the bace of which the gude informe him those 
  difficulties of which himself and nation had spoken, commenced. that after 
  the river reached this mountain it continued it's rout to the North for 
  many miles between high and perpendicular rocks, roling foaming and 
  beating against innumerable rocks which crouded it's channel; that then it 
  penetrated the mountain through a narrow gap leaving a perpendicular rock 
  on either side as high as the top of the mountain which he beheld. that 
  the river here making a bend they could not see through the mountain, and 
  as it was impossible to decend the river or clamber over that vast 
  mountain covered with eternal snow, neither himself nor any of his nation 
  had ever been lower in this direction, than in view of the place at which 
  the river entered this mountain; that if Capt# C# wished him to do so, he 
  would conduct him to that place, where he thought they could probably 
  arrive by the next evening. Capt# C# being now perfictly satisfyed as to 
  the impractability of this rout either by land or water, informed the old 
  man, that he was convinced of the varacity of his assertions and would now 
  return to the village from whence they had set out where he expected to 
  meet myself and party. they now returned to the upper part of the last 
  creek he had passed, and encamped. it was an hour after dark before he 
  reached this place. a small river falls into this fork of the Columbia 
  just above the high mountain through which it passes on the south side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0865-1805-08-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 23rd Friday 1805 We Set out early proceed on with great dificuelty 
  as the rocks were So Sharp large and unsettled and the hill sides Steep 
  that the horses could with the greatest risque and dificulty get on, no 
  provisions as the 5 Sammons given us yesterday by the Indians were eaten 
  last night, one goose killed this morning; at 4 miles we came to a place 
  the horses Could not pass without going into the river, we passed one mile 
  to a verry bad riffle the water Confined in a narrow Channel & beeting 
  against the left Shore, as we have no parth further and the Mounts. jut So 
  close as to prevent the possibiley of horses proceeding down, I deturmined 
  to delay the party here and with my guide and three men proceed on down to 
  examine if the river continued bad or was practiable. I Set out with three 
  men directing those left to hunt and fish until my return. I proceeded on 
  Somtims in a Small wolf parth & at other times Climeing over the rocks 
  for 12 miles to a large Creek on the right Side above the mouth of this 
  Creek for a Short distance is a narrow bottom & the first, below the 
  place I left my partey, a road passes down this Creek which I understoode 
  passed to the water of a River which run to Th North & was the ground 
  of another nation, Some fresh Sign about this Creek of horse and Camps. I 
  delayd 2 hours to fish, Cought Some Small fish on which we dined. 
  = 
  The River from the place I left my party to this Creek is almost one 
  continued rapid, five verry Considerable rapids the passage of either with 
  Canoes is entirely impossable, as the water is Confined betwen hugh Rocks 
  & the Current beeting from one against another for Some distance below 
  &c# &c# at one of those rapids the mountains Close So Clost as to 
  prevent a possibility of a portage with great labour in Cutting down the 
  Side of the hill removeing large rocks &c# &c# all the others may 
  be passed by takeing every thing over Slipery rocks, and the Smaller ones 
  Passed by letting down the Canoes empty with Cords, as running them would 
  certainly be productive of the loss of Some Canoes, those dificuelties and 
  necessary precautions would delay us an emince time in which provisions 
  would be necessary. (we have but little and nothing to be precured in this 
  quarter except Choke Cheres & red haws not an animal of any kind to be 
  seen and only the track of a Bear) below this Creek the lofty Pine is 
  thick in the bottom hill Sides on the mountains & up the runs. The 
  river has much the resemblance of that above bends Shorter and no passing, 
  after a few miles between the river & the mountains & the Current 
  So Strong that is dangerous crossing the river, and to proceed down it 
  would rendr it necessarey to Cross almost at every bend This river is 
  about 100 yards wide and can be forded but in a few places. below my guide 
  and maney other Indians tell me that the Mountains Close and is a 
  perpendicular Clift on each Side, and Continues for a great distance and 
  that the water runs with great violence from one rock to the other on each 
  Side foaming & roreing thro rocks in every direction, So as to render 
  the passage of any thing impossible. those rapids which I had Seen he said 
  was Small & trifleing in comparrison to the rocks & rapids below, 
  at no great distance & The Hills or mountains were not like those I 
  had Seen but like the Side of a tree Streight up ¬ Those Mountains 
  which I had passed were Steep Contain a white, a brown, & low down a 
  Grey hard stone which would make fire, those Stone were of different Sises 
  all Sharp and are continuly Slipping down, and in maney places one bed of 
  those Stones inclined from the river bottom to the top of the mountains, 
  The Torrents of water which come down aftr a rain carries with it emence 
  numbers of those Stone into the river about 1/2 a mile below the last 
  mentioned Creek another Creek falls in, my guide informed me that our rout 
  was up this Creek by which rout we would Save a considerable bend of the 
  river to the South. we proceeded on a well beeten Indian parth up this 
  Creak about 6 miles and passed over a ridge 1 mile to the river in a Small 
  vally through which we passed and assended a Spur of the Mountain from 
  which place my guide Shew me the river for about 20 miles lower & 
  pointed out the dificulty we returned to the last Creek & camped about 
  one hour after dark. 
  = 
  There my guide Shewed me a road from the N Which Came into the one I was 
  in which he Said went to a large river which run to the north on which was 
  a Nation he called Tushapass, he made a map of it 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0866-1805-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 24th 1805. As the Indians who were on their way down the 
  Missouri had a number of spare hoses with them I thought it probable that 
  I could obtain some of them and therefore desired the Cheif to speak to 
  them and inform me whether they would trade. they gave no positive answer 
  but requested to see the goods which I was willing to give in exchange. I 
  now produced some battle axes which I had made at Fort Mandan with which 
  they were much pleased. knives also seemed in great demand among them. I 
  soon purchased three horses and a mule. for each horse I gave an ax a 
  knife handkercheif and a little paint; & for the mule the addition of 
  a knife a shirt handkercheif and a pair of legings; at this price which 
  was quite double that given for the horses, the fellow who sold him made a 
  merit of having bestoed me one of his mules. I consider this mule a great 
  acquisition. These Indians soon told me that they had no more horses for 
  sale and I directed the party to prepare to set out. I had now nine horses 
  and a mule, and two which I had hired made twelve these I had loaded and 
  the Indian women took the ballance of the baggage. I had given the 
  Interpreter some articles with which to purchase a horse for the woman 
  which he had obtained. at twelve Oclock we set out and passed the river 
  below the forks, directing our rout towards the cove along the track 
  formerly mentioned. most of the horses were heavily laden, and it appears 
  to me that it will require at least 25 horses to convey our baggage along 
  such roads as I expect we shall be obliged to pass in the mountains. I had 
  now the inexpressible satisfaction to find myself once more under way with 
  all my baggage and party. an Indian had the politeness to offer me one of 
  his horses to ride which I accepted with cheerfullness as it enabled me to 
  attend better to the march of the party. I had reached the lower part of 
  the cove when an Indian rode up and informed me that one of my men was 
  very sick and unable to come on. I directed the party to halt at a small 
  run which falls into the creek on Lard# at the lower part of the Cove and 
  rode back about 2 Miles where I found Wiser very ill with a fit of the 
  cholic. I sent Sergt# Ordway who had remained with him for some water and 
  gave him a doze of the essence of Peppermint and laudinum which in the 
  course of half an hour so far recovered him that he was enabled to ride my 
  horse and I proceeded on foot and rejoined the party. the sun was yet an 
  hour high but the Indians who had for some time impatiently waited my 
  return at length unloaded and turned out their horses and my party had 
  followed there example. as it was so late and the Indians had prepared 
  their camp for the night I thought it best to acquiess and determined also 
  to remain. we had traveled only about six miles. after we encamped we had 
  a slight shower of rain. Goodrich who is our principal fisherman caught 
  several fine trout. Drewyer came to us late in the evening and had not 
  killed anything. I gave the Indians who were absolutely engaged in 
  transporting the baggage, a little corn as they had nothing to eat. I told 
  Cameahwait that my stock of provision was too small to indulge all his 
  people with provision and recommended it to him to advise such as were not 
  assisting us with our baggage to go on to their camp to morrow and wait 
  our arrival; which he did accordingly. Cameahwait literally translated is 
  one who never walks. he told me that his nation had also given him another 
  name by which he was signalized as a warrior which was Too~et'~te~con'~e 
  or black gun. these people have many names in the course of their lives, 
  particularly if they become distinguished characters. for it seems that 
  every important event by which they happen to distinguish themselves 
  intitles them to claim another name which is generally scelected by 
  themselves and confirmed by the nation. those distinguishing acts are the 
  killing and scalping an enemy, the killing a white bear, leading a party 
  to war who happen to be successfull either in destroying their enemies or 
  robing them of their horses, or individually stealing the horses of an 
  enemy. these are considered acts of equal heroism among them, and that of 
  killing an enemy without scalping him is considered of no importance; in 
  fact the whole honour seems to be founded in the act of scalping, for if a 
  man happens to slay a dozen of his enemies in action and others get the 
  scalps or first lay their hand on the dead person the honor is lost to him 
  who killed them and devolves on those who scalp or first touch them. Among 
  the Shoshones, as well as all the Indians of America, bravery is esteemed 
  the primary virtue; nor can any one become eminent among them who has not 
  at some period of his life given proofs of his possessing this virtue. 
  with them there can be no preferment without some warelike achievement, 
  and so completely interwoven is this principle with the earliest Elements 
  of thought that it will in my opinion prove a serious obstruction to the 
  restoration of a general peace among the nations of the Missouri. while at 
  Fort Mandan I was one day addressing some cheifs of the Minetares wo 
  visited us and pointing out to them the advantages of a state of peace 
  with their neighbours over that of war in which they were engaged. the 
  Chiefs who had already geathered their havest of larals, and having 
  forceably felt in many instances some of those inconveniences attending a 
  state of war which I pointed out, readily agreed with me in opinon. a 
  young fellow under the full impression of the Idea I have just suggested 
  asked me if they were in a state of peace with all their neighhours what 
  the nation would do for Cheifs?, and added that the cheifs were now oald 
  and must shortly die and that the nation could not exist without cheifs. 
  taking as granted that there could be no other mode devised for making 
  Cheifs but that which custom had established through the medium of warlike 
  acievements. 
  = 
  The few guns which the Shoshones have are reserved for war almost 
  exclusively and the bow and arrows are used in hunting. I have seen a few 
  skins among these people which have almost every appearance of the common 
  sheep. they inform me that they finde this animals on the high mountains 
  to the West and S# W# of them. it is about the size of the common sheep, 
  the wool is reather shorter and more intermixed with long hairs 
  particularly on the upper part of the neck. these skins have been so much 
  woarn that I could not form a just Idea of the animal or it's colour. the 
  Indians however inform me that it is white and that it's horns are lunated 
  comprest twisted and bent backward as those of the common sheep. the 
  texture of the skin appears to be that of the sheep. I am now perfectly 
  convinced that the sheep as well as the Bighorn exist in these mountains. 
  = 
  The usual caparison of the Shoshone horse is a halter and saddle. the 1st 
  consists either of a round plated or twisted cord of six or seven strands 
  of buffaloe's hair, or a throng of raw hide made pliant by pounding and 
  rubing. these cords of bufaloe's hair are about the size of a man's finger 
  and remarkably strong. this is the kind of halter which is prefered by 
  them. the halter of whatever it may be composed is always of great length 
  and is never taken from the neck of the horse which they commonly use at 
  any time. it is first attatched at one end about the neck of the horse 
  with a knot that will not slip, it is then brought down to his under jaw 
  and being passed through the mouth imbaces the under jaw and tonge in a 
  simple noose formed by crossing the rope inderneath the jaw of the horse. 
  this when mounted he draws up on the near side of the horse's neck and 
  holds in the left hand, suffering it to trail at a great distance behind 
  him sometimes the halter is attatched so far from the end that while the 
  shorter end serves him to govern his horse, the other trails on the grond 
  as before mentioned. they put their horses to their full speed with those 
  cords trailing on the ground. when they turn out the horse to graze the 
  noose is mearly loosed from his mouth. the saddle is made of wood and 
  covered with raw hide which holds the parts very firmly together. it is 
  made like the pack saddles in uce among the French and Spaniards. it 
  consists of two flat thin boards which fit the sides of the horses back, 
  and are held frirm by two peices which are united to them behind and 
  before on the outer side and which rise to a considerable hight 
  terminating sometimes in flat horizontal points extending outwards, and 
  alwas in an accute angle or short bend underneath the upper part of these 
  peices. a peice of buffaloe's skin with the hair on, is usually put 
  underneath the saddle; and very seldom any covering on the saddle. 
  stirrups when used are made of wood and covered with leather. these are 
  generally used by the elderly men and women; the young men scarcely ever 
  use anything more than a small pad of dressed leather stuffed with hair, 
  which is confined with a leather thong passing arond the body of the horse 
  in the manner of a girth. they frequently paint their favorite horses, and 
  cut their ears in various shapes. they also decorate their mains and 
  tails, which they never draw or trim, with the feathers of birds, and 
  sometimes suspend at the breast of the horse the finest ornaments they 
  possess. the Spanish bridle is prefered by them when they can obtain them, 
  but they never dispence with the cord about the neck of the horse, which 
  serves them to take him with more ease when he is runing at large. They 
  are excellent horsemen and extreemly expert in casting the cord about the 
  neck of a horse. the horses that have been habituated to be taken with the 
  cord in this way, however wild they may appear at first, surrender the 
  moment they feel the cord about their necks. There are no horses in 
  this quarter which can with propriety be termed wild. there are some few 
  which have been left by the indians at large for so great a length of time 
  that they have become shye, but they all shew marks of having been in 
  possession of man. such is that one which Capt# Clark saw just below the 
  three forks of the Missouri, and one other which I saw on the Missouri 
  below the entrance of the Mussle shell river. Capt# Clark set out 
  very early this morning on his return, he traveled down the creek to it's 
  entrance by the same Indian track he had ascended it; at the river he 
  marked his name on a pine tree, then ascended to the bottom above the 
  second creek, and brekfasted on burries, which occupyed them about one 
  hour. he now retraced his former track and joined the party where he had 
  left them at 4 P#M# on his way Capt# C# fell from a rock and injured one 
  of his legs very much. the party during his absence had killed a few 
  pheasants and caught a few small fish on which together with haws and 
  Serviceburies they had subsisted. they had also killed one cock of the 
  Mountains Capt# Clark now wrote me a discription of the river and country, 
  and stated our prospects by this rout as they have been heretofore 
  mentioned and dispatched Colter on horseback with orders to loose no time 
  reaching me. he set out late with the party continued his rout about two 
  miles and encamped. Capt Clark had seen some trees which would make small 
  canoes but all of them some distance below the Indian Caps which he passed 
  at the entrance of fish Creek. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0867-1805-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 24th Satturday 1805 Set out verry early this morning on my return 
  passed down the Creek at the mouth marked my name on a pine Tree, proceed 
  on to the bottom above the Creek & Brackfast on buries & delayed 1 
  hour, then proceed on up the river by the Same rout we decended to the 
  place I left my party where we arrived at 4 oClock, (I Sliped & 
  bruised my leg verry much on a rock) the party had killed Several phesents 
  and Cought a fiew Small fish on which they had Subsisted in my absence. 
  also a heath hen, near the Size of a Small turkey. 
  = 
  I wrote a letter to Capt Lewis informing him of the prospects before us 
  and information recved of my guide which I thought favourable &c# 
  & Stating two plans one of which for us to pursue &c# and 
  despatched one man & horse and directed the party to get ready to 
  march back, every man appeared disheartened from the prospects of the 
  river, and nothing to eate, I Set out late and Camped 2 miles above, 
  nothing to eate but Choke Cherries & red haws which act in different 
  ways So as to make us Sick, dew verry heavy, my beding wet in passing 
  around a rock the horses were obliged to go deep into the water. 
  = 
  The plan I stated to Capt Lewis if he agrees with me we shall adopt is to 
  procure as many horses (one for each man) if possible and to hire my 
  present guide who I sent on to him to interegate thro the Intprtr. and 
  proceed on by land to Some navagable part of the Columbia River, or to the 
  Ocean, depending on what provisions we can procure by the gun aded to the 
  Small Stock we have on hand depending on our horses as the last resort. 
  = 
  a second plan to divide the party one part to attempt this deficuet river 
  with what provisions we had, and the remaindr to pass by Land on hose back 
  Depending on our gun &c for Provisions &c# and come together 
  occasionally on the river. 
  = 
  the 1s of which I would be most pleased with &c# 
  = 
  I saw Several trees which would make Small Canoes and by putting 2 
  together would make a Siseable one, all below the last Indian Camp Several 
  miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0868-1805-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday August 25th 1805. This morning loaded our horses and set out a 
  little after sunrise; a few only of the Indians unengaged in assisting us 
  went on as I had yesterday proposed to the Cheif. the others flanked us on 
  each side and started some Antelope which they pursued for several hours 
  but killed none of them. we proceeded within 2 Ms# of the narrow pass or 
  seven miles from our camp of last evening and halted for dinner. Our 
  hunters joined us at noon with three deer the greater part of which I gave 
  the indians. sometime after we had halted, Charbono mentioned to me with 
  apparent unconcern that he expected to meet all the Indians from the camp 
  on the Columbia tomorrow on their way to the Missouri. allarmed at this 
  information I asked why he expected to meet them. he then informed me that 
  the 1st Cheif had dispatched some of his young men this morning to this 
  camp requesting the Indians to meet them tomorrow and that himself and 
  those with him would go on with them down the Missouri, and consequently 
  leave me and my baggage on the mountain or thereabouts. I was out of 
  patience with the folly of Charbono who had not sufficient sagacity to see 
  the consequencies which would inevitably flow from such a movement of the 
  indians, and altho he had been in possession of this information since 
  early in the morning when it had been communicated to him by his Indian 
  woman yet he never mentioned it untill the after noon. I could not forbear 
  speaking to him with some degree of asperity on this occasion. I saw that 
  there was no time to be lost in having those orders countermanded, or that 
  we should not in all probability obtain any more horses or even get my 
  baggage to the waters of the Columbia. I therefore Called the three Cheifs 
  together and having smoked a pipe with them, I asked them if they were men 
  of their words, and whether I could depent on the promises they had made 
  me; they readily answered in the affermative; I then asked them if they 
  had not promised to assist me with my baggage to their camp on the other 
  side of the mountains, or to the place at which Capt# Clark might build 
  the canoes, should I wish it. they acknowledged that they had. I then 
  asked them why they had requested their people on the other side of the 
  mountain to meet them tomorrow on the mountain where there would be no 
  possibility of our remaining together for the purpose of trading for their 
  horses as they had also promised. that if they had not promised to have 
  given me their assistance in transporting my baggage to the waters on the 
  other side of the mountain that I should not have attempted to pass the 
  mountains but would have returned down the river and that in that case 
  they would never have seen anymore white men in their country. that if 
  they wished the white men to be their friends and to assist them against 
  their enemies by furnishing them with arms and keeping their enemies from 
  attacking them that they must never promis us anything which they did not 
  mean to perform. that when I had first seen them they had doubted what I 
  told them about the arrival of the party of whitemen in canoes, that they 
  had been convinced that what I told them on that occasion was true, why 
  then would they doubt what I said on any other point. I told them that 
  they had witnessed my liberality in dividing the meat which my hunters 
  killed with them; and that I should continue to give such of them as 
  assisted me a part of whatever we had ourselves to eat. and finally 
  concluded by telling them if they intended to keep the promisses they had 
  made me to dispatch one of their young men immediately with orders to 
  their people to remain where they were untill our arrival. the two 
  inferior cheifs said that they wished to assist me and be as good as their 
  word, and that they had not sent for their people, that it was the first 
  Chief who had done so, and they did not approve of the measure. Cameahwait 
  remained silent for some time, at length he told me that he knew he had 
  done wrong but that he had been induced to that measure from seeing all 
  his people hungary, but as he had promised to give me his assistance he 
  would not in future be worse than his word. I then desired him to send 
  immediately and countermand his orders; acordingly a young man was sent 
  for this purpose and I gave him a handkerchief to engage him in my 
  interest. this matter being arranged to my satisfaction I called all the 
  women and men together who had been assisting me in the transportation of 
  the baggage and gave them a billet for each horse which they had imployed 
  in that service and informed them when we arrived at the plaice where we 
  should finally halt on the river I would take the billet back and give 
  them merchandize for it. every one appeared now satisfyed and when I 
  ordered the horses loaded for our departure the Indians were more than 
  usually allert. we continued our march untill late in the evening and 
  encamped at the upper part of the cove where the creek enters the 
  mountains; here our hunters joined us with another deer which they had 
  killed, this I gave to the women and Children, and for my own part 
  remained supperless. I observed considerable quantities of wild onions in 
  the bottom lands of this cove. I also saw several large hares and many of 
  the cock of the plains. 
  = 
  Capt# Clark set out early this morning and continued his rout to the 
  indian camp at the entrance of fish Creek; here he halted about an hour; 
  the indians gave himself and party some boiled salmon and hurries. these 
  people appeared extreemly hospitable tho poor and dirty in the extreem. he 
  still pursued the track up the river by which he had decended and in the 
  evening arrived at the bluff on the river where he had encamped on the 
  21st Inst. it was late in the evening before he reached this place. they 
  formed their camp, and Capt# C# sent them in different directions to hunt 
  and fish. some little time after they halted a party of Indians passed by 
  on their way down the river, consisting of a man a woman and several boys; 
  from these people the guide obtained 2 salmon which together with some 
  small fish they caught and a beaver which Shannon killed furnished them 
  with a plentifull supper. the pine grows pretty abundantly high up on the 
  sides of the mountains on the opposite side of the river. one of the 
  hunters saw a large herd of Elk on the opposite side of the river in the 
  edge of the timbered land. Winsor was taken very sick today and 
  detained Capt C# very much on his march. three hunters whom he had sent on 
  before him this morning joined him in the evening having killed nothing; 
  they saw only one deer. 
  = 
  The course and the distances, of Capt# Clark's rout down this branch of 
  the Columbia below this bluff, commencing opposite to an Island, are as 
  follow. 
  = 
  This morning while passing through the Shoshone cove Frazier fired his 
  musquet at some ducks in a little pond at the distance of about 60 yards 
  from me; the ball rebounded from the water and pased within a very few 
  feet of me. near the upper part of this cove the Shoshonees suffered a 
  very severe defeat by the Minnetares about six years since. this part of 
  the cove on the N# E# side of the Creek has lately been birned by the 
  Indians as a signal on some occasion. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0869-1805-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 25th Sunday 1805 Set out verry early and halted one hour at the 
  Indian Camp, they were kind gave us all a little boiled Sarnmon & 
  dried buries to eate, abt# half as much as I could eate, those people are 
  kind with what they have but excessive pore & Durtey. we 
  proceeded on over the mountains we had before passed to the Bluff we 
  Encamped at on the 21s instant where we arrived late and turned out to 
  hunt & fish, Cought Several Small fish, a party of Squars & one 
  man with Several boys going down to guathe berries below, my guide got two 
  Sammon from this party (which made about half a Supper for the party), 
  after Dark Shannon came in with a beaver which the Party suped on 
  Sumptiously ¬ one man verry Sick to day which detained us verry much I 
  had three hunters out all day, they saw one Deer, killed nothing. one of 
  the Party Saw 9 Elk on a Mountain to our right assending, amongst the Pine 
  timber which is thick on that side 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0870-1805-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 26th 1805. This morning was excessively cold; there was ice 
  on the vessels of water which stood exposed to the air nearly a quarter of 
  an inch thick. we collected our horses and set out at sunrise. we soon 
  arrived at the extreem source of the Missouri; here I halted a few 
  minutes, the men drank of the water and consoled themselves with the idea 
  of having at length arrived at this long wished for point. from hence we 
  proceeded to a fine spring on the side of the mountain where I had lain 
  the evening before I first arrived at the Shoshone Camp. here I halted to 
  dine and graize our horses, there being fine green grass on that part of 
  the hillside which was moistened by the water of the spring while the 
  grass on the other parts was perfectly dry and parched with the sun. I 
  directed a pint of corn to be given each Indian who was engaged in 
  transporting our baggage and about the same quantity to each of the men 
  which they parched pounded and made into supe. one of the women who had 
  been assisting in the transportation of the baggage halted at a little run 
  about a mile behind us, and sent on the two pack horses which she had been 
  conducting by one of her female friends. I enquired of Cameahwait the 
  cause of her detention, and was informed by him in an unconcerned manner 
  that she had halted to bring fourth a child and would soon overtake us; in 
  about an hour the woman arrived with her newborn babe and passed us on her 
  way to the camp apparently as well as she ever was. It appears to me that 
  the facility and ease with which the women of the aborigines of North 
  America bring fourth their children is reather a gift of nature than 
  depending as some have supposed on the habitude of carrying heavy burthens 
  on their backs while in a state of pregnancy. if a pure and dry air, an 
  elivated and cold country is unfavourable to childbirth, we might expect 
  every difficult incident to that operation of nature in this part of the 
  continent; again as the snake Indians possess an abundance of horses, 
  their women are seldom compelled like those in other parts of the 
  continent to carry burthens on their backs, yet they have their children 
  with equal convenience, and it is a rare occurrence for any of them to 
  experience difficulty in childbirth. I have been several times informed by 
  those who were conversent with the fact, that the indian women who are 
  pregnant by whitemen experience more difficulty in childbirth than when 
  pregnant by an Indian. if this be true it would go far in suport of the 
  opinion I have advanced. 
  = 
  the tops of the high and irregular mountains which present themselves to 
  our view on the opposite side of this branch of the Columbia are yet 
  perfectly covered with snow; the air which proceeds from those mountains 
  has an agreeable coolness and renders these parched and South hillsides 
  much more supportable at this time of the day it being now about noon. I 
  observe the indian women collecting the root of a speceis of fennel which 
  grows in the moist grounds and feeding their poor starved children; it is 
  really distressing to witness the situation of those poor wretches. the 
  radix of this plant is of the knob kind, of a long ovate form terminating 
  in a single radicle, the whole bing about 3 or four inches in length and 
  the thickest part about the size of a man's little finger. it is white 
  firm and crisp in it's present state, when dryed and pounded it makes a 
  fine white meal; the flavor of this root is not unlike that of annisseed 
  but not so pungent; the stem rises to the hight of 3 or four feet is 
  jointed smooth and cilindric; from r to 4 of those knobed roots are 
  attatched to the base of this stem. the leaf is sheathing sessile, & 
  pultipartite, the divisions long and narrow; the whole is of a deep green. 
  it is now in blame; the flowers are numerous, small, petals white, and are 
  of the umbellaferous kind. several small peduncles put forth from the main 
  stock one at each joint above the sheathing leaf. it has no root leaves. 
  the root of the present year declines when the seeds have been matured and 
  the succeeding spring other roots of a similar kind put fourth from the 
  little knot which unites the roots and stem and grow and decline with the 
  stem as before mentioned. The sunflower is very abundant near the 
  watercourses the seeds of this plant are now rip and the natives collect 
  them in considerable quantities and reduce them to meal by pounding and 
  rubing them between smooth stones. this meal is a favorite food their 
  manner of using it has been beforementiond. after dinner we continued our 
  rout towards the village. on our near approach we were met by a number of 
  young men on horseback. Cameahwait requested that we would discharge our 
  guns when we arrived in sight of the Village, accordingly when I arrived 
  on an eminence above the village in the plain I drew up the party at open 
  order in a single rank and gave them a runing fire discharging two rounds. 
  they appeared much gratifyed with this exhibition. we then proceeded to 
  the village or encampment of brush lodges 32 in number. we were conducted 
  to a large lodge which had been prepared for me in the center of their 
  encampmerit which was situated in a beautifull level smooth and extensive 
  bottom near the river about 3 miles above the place I had first found them 
  encamped. here we arrived at 6 in the evening arranged our baggage near my 
  tent and placed those of the men on either side of the baggage facing 
  outwards. I found Colter here who had just arrived with a letter from 
  Capt# Clark in which Capt# C# had given me an account of his peregrination 
  and the description of the river and country as before detailed from this 
  view of the subject I found it a folly to think of attemping to decend 
  this river in canoes and therefore to commence the purchase of horses in 
  the morning from the indians in order to carry into execution the design 
  we had formed of passing the rocky Mountains. I now informed Cameahwait of 
  my intended expedition overland to the great river which lay in the plains 
  beyond the mountains and told him that I wished to purchase 20 horses of 
  himself and his people to convey our baggage. he observed that the 
  Minnetares had stolen a great number of their horses this spring but hoped 
  his people would spear me the number I wished. I also asked a guide, he 
  observed that he had no doubt but the old man who was with Capt# C# would 
  accompany us if we wished him and that he was better informed of the 
  country than any of them. matters being thus far arranged I directed the 
  fiddle to be played and the party danced very merily much to the amusement 
  and gratification of the natives, though I must confess that the state of 
  my own mind at this moment did not well accord with the prevailing mirth 
  as I somewhat feared that the caprice of the indians might suddenly induce 
  them to withhold their horses from us without which my hopes of 
  prosicuting my voyage to advantage was lost; however I determined to keep 
  the indians in a good humour if possible, and to loose no time in 
  obtaining the necessary number of horses. I directed the hunters to turn 
  out early in the morning and indeavor to obtain some meat. I had nothing 
  but a little parched corn to eat this evening. 
  = 
  This morning Capt# C# and party 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0871-1805-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 26th Monday 1805 a fine morning Despatched three men a head to 
  hunt, our horses missing Sent out my guide and four men to hunt them, 
  which detained me untill 9 oClock a.m. at which time I Set out and 
  proceeded on by the way of the forks to the Indian Camps at the first were 
  not one mouthfull to eate untill night as our hunters could kill nothing 
  and I could See & catch no fish except a few Small ones. The Indians 
  gave us 2 Sammon boiled which I gave to the men, one of my men Shot a 
  Sammon in the river about Sunset those fish gave us a Supper. all the Camp 
  flocked about me untill I went to Sleep ¬ and I beleve if they had a 
  Sufficency to eate themselves and any to Spare they would be liberal of it 
  I derected the men to mend their Mockessons to night and turn out in the 
  morning early to hunt Deer fish birds &c# &c# Saw great numbers of 
  the large Black grass hopper. Some bars which were verry wild, but few 
  Birds. a number of ground Lizards; Some fiew Pigions 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0872-1805-08-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 27th Tuesday 1805 Some frost this morning every Man except one, out 
  hunting, a young man Came from the upper Village & informed me that 
  Capt Lewis would join me abt# 12 oClock to day. one man killed a Small 
  Sammon, and the Indians gave me another which afforded us a Sleight 
  brackfast. Those Pore people are here depending on what fish They Can 
  Catch, without anything else to depend on; and appere Contented, my party 
  hourly Complaining of their retched Situation and doubts of Starveing in a 
  Countrey where no game of any kind except a fiew fish can be found, an 
  Indian brough in to the Camp 5 Sammon, two of which I purchased which 
  afforded us a Supper. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0873-1805-08-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 28th Wednesday 1805 a frost this morning. The Inds# Cought out of 
  their traps Several Sammon and gave us two, I purchased two others which 
  we made last us to day. Several a Camp of about 40 Indians came from the 
  West fork and passed up to day, nothing killed by my party with every 
  exertion in all places where game probably might be found. I dispatched 
  one man to the upper camps to enquire if Cap# Lewis was comeing &c# he 
  returned after night with a letter from Capt# Lewis informing me of his 
  Situation at the upper Village, and had precured 22 horses for our rout 
  through by land on the plan which I had preposed in which he agreed with 
  me in; and requsted me to ride up and get the horses the Indian informed 
  him they had reserved for me &c# I purchased Some fish roe of those 
  pore but kind people with whome I am Encamped for which I gave three Small 
  fish hooks, the use of which they readily proseved, one Indian out all day 
  & killed only one Sammon with his gig; my hunters killed nothing, I 
  had three pack Saddles made to day for our horses which I expected Capt 
  Lewis would purchase &c# Those Sammon which I live on at present are 
  pleasent eateing, not with standing they weaken me verry fast and my flesh 
  I find is declineing 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0874-1805-08-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 29th Thursday 1805 a Cold morning Some frost. the Wind from the 
  South, I left our baggage in possession of 2 men and proceeded on up to 
  join Capt Lewis at the upper Village of Snake Indians where I arrived at 1 
  oClock found him much engaged in Counceling and attempting to purchase a 
  fiew more horses. I Spoke to the Indians on various Subjects endeavoring 
  to impress on theire minds the advantaje it would be to them for to Sell 
  us horses and expedite the our journey the nearest and best way possibly 
  that we might return as Soon as possible and winter with them at Some 
  place where there was plenty of buffalow, ¬ our wish is to get a horse 
  for each man to Carry our baggage and for Some of the men to ride 
  occasionally, The horses are handsom and much acustomed to be changed as 
  to their Parsture; we cannot Calculate on their carrying large loads & 
  feed on the Grass which we may Calculate on finding in the Mountain Thro 
  which we may expect to pass on our rout made Some Selestial observations, 
  the Lard# of this Part the Columbia River is  ¿¿  North. Longtd.  ¿¿  W 
  = 
  I purchased a horse for which I gave my Pistol 100 Balls Powder & a 
  Knife. our hunters Killed 2 Deer near their Camp to day. 2 yesterday & 
  3 The Day before, this meet was a great treat to me as I had eate none for 
  8 days past 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0875-1805-08-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 30th Friday 1805 a fine Morning, finding that we Could purchase no 
  more horse than we had for our goods &c# (and those not a Sufficint 
  number for each of our Party to have one which is our wish) I Gave my 
  Fuzee to one of the men & Sold his musket for a horse which Completed 
  us to 29 total horses, we Purchased pack Cords Made Saddles & Set out 
  on our rout down the river by land guided by my old guide one other who 
  joined him, the old gude's 3 Sons followed him before we Set out our 
  hunters killed three Deer proceded on 12 miles and encamped on the river 
  South Side ¬ at the time we Set out from the Indian Camps the greater 
  Part of the Band Set out over to the waters of the Missouri. we had great 
  attention paid to the horses, as they were nearly all Sore Backs and 
  Several pore, & young Those horses are indifferent, maney Sore backs 
  and others not acustomed to pack, and as we Cannot put large loads on them 
  are Compelled to purchase as maney as we Can to take our Small propotion 
  of baggage of the Parties. (& Eate if necessary) Proceeded on 12 miles 
  to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0876-1805-08-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  August 31st 1805 Satturday A fine morning Set out before Sun rise, as we 
  passed the lodges at which place I had encamped for thre nights and left 2 
  men, Those 2 men joined us and we proceeded on in the Same rout I decended 
  the 21st Instant, halted 3 hours on Sammon Creek to Let our horses graze 
  the wind hard from the S# W# I met an Indian on horse back who fled with 
  great Speed to Some lodges below & informed them that the Enemis were 
  Coming down, armd with guns &c# the inhabitents of the Lodges 
  indisceved him, we proceeded on the road on which I had decended as far as 
  the 1st run below & left the road & Proceeded up the Run in a 
  tolerable road 4 miles & Encamped in Some old lodjes at the place the 
  road leaves the Creek and assends the high Countrey Six Indians followed 
  us four of them the Sons of our guide; our hunters killed one Deer a goose 
  & Prarie fowl. This day warm and Sultrey, Praries or open Valies on 
  fire in Several places ¬ The Countrey is Set on fire for the purpose 
  of Collecting the different bands, and a Band of the Flatheads to go to 
  the Missouri where They intend passing the winter near the Buffalow 
  Proceeded on 22 miles to Day, 4 miles of which up a run 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0877-1805-09-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 1st Sunday 1805 a fine morning Set out early and proceeded on 
  over high ruged hills passing the heads of the Small runs which fall into 
  the river on our left to a large Creek which falls into the river 6 miles 
  to our left and encamped in the bottom, Some rain to day at 12 and in the 
  evening which obliges us to Continu all night despatched 2 men to the 
  mouth of the Creek to purchase fish of the Indians at that place, They 
  returned with Some dried, we giged 4 Sammon & killed one Deer to Day. 
  the Countrey which we passed to day is well watered & broken Pore 
  Stoney hilly country except the bottoms of the Creek which is narrow, all 
  the Indians leave us except our Guide, one man Shot two bear this evining 
  unfortunately we Could git neither of them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0878-1805-09-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 2nd Monday 1805 a Cloudy Mornin, raind Some last night we Set 
  out early and proceeded on up the Creek, Crossed a large fork from the 
  right and one from the left; and at 8 miles left the roade on which we 
  were pursuing and which leads over to the Missouri; and proceeded up a 
  West fork without a roade proceded on thro thickets in which we were 
  obliged to Cut a road, over rockey hill Sides where our horses were in 
  pitial danger of Slipping to Ther certain distruction & up & Down 
  Steep hills, where Several horses fell, Some turned over, and others 
  Sliped down Steep hill Sides, one horse Crippeled & 2 gave out. with 
  the greatest dificuelty risque &c# we made five miles & Encamped 
  on The left Side of the Creek in a Small Stoney bottom after night Some 
  time before the rear Came up, one Load left, about 2 miles back, the horse 
  on which it was Carried Crippled. Some rain at night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0879-1805-09-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 3rd Tuesday 1805 A Cloudy morning, horses verry Stiff Sent 2 men 
  back with the horse on which Capt Lewis rode for the load left back last 
  night which detained us until) 8 oClock at which time we Set out. The 
  Country is timbered with Pine Generally the bottoms have a variety of 
  Srubs & the fur trees in Great abundance. hills high & rockey on 
  each Side, in the after part of the day the high mountains closed the 
  Creek on each Side and obliged us to take on the Steep Sides of those 
  Mountains, So Steep that the horses Could Screcly keep from Slipping down, 
  Several Sliped & Injured themselves verry much, with great dificuelty 
  we made  ¿¿  miles & Encamped on a branh of the Creek we assended 
  after Crossing Several Steep points & one mountain, but little to eate 
  I killed 5 Pheasents & The huntes 4 with a little Corn afforded us a 
  kind of Supper, at dusk it began to Snow at 3 oClock Some rain. The 
  mountains to the East Covered with Snow. we met with a great misfortune, 
  in haveing our last Thmometer broken by accident, This day we passed over 
  emence hils and Some of the worst roade that ever horses passed our horses 
  frequently fell Snow about 2 inches deep when it began to rain which 
  termonated in a Sleet our genl. Courses nearly North from the R#
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0880-1805-09-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 4th Wednesday 1805 a verry cold morning every thing wet and 
  frosed, we detained untill 8 oClock to thaw the covering for the baggage 
  &c# &c# groun covered with Snow, we assended a mountain & took 
  a Divideing ridge which we kept for Several Miles & fell on the head 
  of a Creek which appeared to run the Course we wished to go, I was in 
  front, & Saw Several of the Argalia or Ibex decended the mountain by 
  verry Steep decent takeing the advantage of the points and best places to 
  the Creek, where our hunter killed a Deer which we made use of and prosued 
  our Course down the Creek to the forks about 5 miles where we met a part 
  of the Flat head nation of 33 Lodges about 80 men 400 Total and at least 
  500 horses, those people recved us friendly, threw white robes over our 
  Sholders & Smoked in the pipes of peace, we Encamped with them & 
  found them friendly but nothing but berries to eate a part of which they 
  gave us, those Indians are well dressed with Skin Shirts & robes, they 
  Stout & light complected more So than Common for Indians, The Chiefs 
  harangued untill late at night, Smoked our pipe and appeared Satisfied. I 
  was the first white man who ever wer on the waters of this river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0881-1805-09-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 5th Thursday 1805 a Cloudy morning we assembled the Chiefs & 
  warriers and Spoke to them (with much dificuely as what we Said had to 
  pass through Several languajes before it got in to theirs, which is a 
  gugling kind of languaje Spoken much thro the fhrought) we informed them 
  who we were, where we Came from, where bound and for what purpose &c# 
  &c# and requsted to purchase & exchange a fiew horses with them, 
  in the Course of the day I purchased 11 horses & exchanged 7 for which 
  we gave a fiew articles of merchendize. those people possess ellegant 
  horses. we made 4 Chiefs whome we gave meadels & a few Small 
  articles with Tobacco; the women brought us a few berries & roots to 
  eate and the Principal Chief a Dressed Brarow, otter & two Goat & 
  antilope Skins 
  = 
  Those people wore their hair the men Cewed with otter Skin on each Side 
  falling over the Sholrs forward, the women loose promisquisly over ther 
  Sholdrs & face long Shirts which Coms to the anckles & tied with a 
  belt about their waste with a roabe over, the have but fiew ornaments and 
  what they do were are Similar to the Snake Indians, They Call themselves 
  Eoote~lash~Schute and consist of 450 Lodges in all and divided into 
  Several bands on the heads of Columbia river & Missouri, Some low down 
  the Columbia River 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0882-1805-09-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 6th Friday 1805 Some little rain, purchased two fine horses 
  & took a Vocabiliary of the language litened our loads & packed 
  up, rained contd# Untill 12 oClock we Set out at 2 oClock at the Same time 
  all the Indians Set out on Ther way to meet the Snake Indians at the 3 
  forks of the Missouri. Crossed a Small river from the right we call  ¿¿ 
  Soon after Setting out, also a Small Creek from the North all three forks 
  Comeing together below our Camp at which place the Mountains Close on each 
  Side of the river, We proceeded on N 30 W# Crossed a Mountain and Struck 
  the river Several miles down, at which place the Indians had Encamped two 
  days before, we Proceeded on Down the River which is 30 yds# wide Shallow 
  & Stoney. Crossing it Several times & Encamped in a Small bottom 
  on the right side. rained this evening nothing to eate but berries, our 
  flour out, and but little Corn, the hunters killed 2 pheasents only ¬ all 
  our horses purchased of the oote lash Shutes we Secured well for fear of 
  their leaveing of us, and watched them all night for fear of their leaving 
  us or the Indians prosuing & Steeling them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0883-1805-09-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 7th Satturday 1805 A Cloudy & rainie Day the greater Part of 
  the Day dark & Drisley we proceedd on down the river thro a Vallie 
  passed Several Small Runs on the right & 3 creeks on the left The 
  Vallie from 1 to 2 miles wide the Snow top mountains to our left, open 
  hilley Countrey on the right. Saw 2 horses left by the Indians Those 
  horses were as wild a Elk. One of our hunters Came up this morning without 
  his horse, in the course of the night the horse broke loose & Cleared 
  out ¬ we did not make Camp untill dark, for the want of a good place, 
  one of our hunters did not join us this evening. he haveing killed an elk 
  packed his horses & could not overtake us 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0884-1805-09-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 8th Sunday 1805 a Cloudy morning Set out early and proceeded on 
  through an open vallie for 23 miles passed 4 Creeks on the right Some runs 
  on the left, The bottoms as also the hills Stoney bad land. Some pine on 
  the Creeks and mountains, an partial on the hills to the right hand Side. 
  two of our hunters came up with us at 12 oClock with an Elk, & Buck ¬ the 
  wind from the N# W# & Cold. The foot of the Snow mountains approach 
  the River on the left Side. Some Snow on The mountain to the right also 
  proceeded on down the Vallie which is pore Stoney land and encamped on the 
  right Side of the river a hard rain all the evening we are all Cold and 
  wet. on this part of the river on the head of Clarks River I observe great 
  quantities of a peculiar Sort of Prickly peare grow in Clusters ovel & 
  about the Size of a Pigions egge with Strong Thorns which is So birded as 
  to draw the Pear from the Cluster after penetrateing our feet. Drewyer 
  killed a Deer. I killed a prarie fowl we found 2 mears and a Colt the 
  mears were lame, we ventered to let our late purchase of horses loose to 
  night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0885-1805-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday September 9th 1805. Set out at 7 A M# this morning and proceeded 
  down the Flathead river leaving it on our left, the country in the valley 
  of this river is generally a prarie and from five to 6 miles wide the 
  growth is almost altogether pine principally of the longleafed kind, with 
  some spruce and a kind of furr resembleing the scotch furr. near the 
  wartercourses we find a small proportion of the narrow leafed cottonwood 
  some redwood honeysuckle and rosebushes form the scant proportion of 
  underbrush to be seen. at 12 we halted on a small branch which falls in to 
  the river on the E# side, where we breakfasted on a scant proportion of 
  meat which we had reserved from the hunt of yesterday added to three geese 
  which one of our hunters killed this morning. two of our hunters have 
  arrived, one of them brought with him a redheaded woodpecker of the large 
  kind common to the U States. this is the first of the kind I have seen 
  since I left the Illinois. just as we were seting out Drewyer arrived with 
  two deer. we continued our rout down the valley about 4 miles and crossed 
  the river; it is hear a handsome stream about 100 yards wide and affords a 
  considerable quantity of very clear water, the banks are low and it's bed 
  entirely gravel. the stream appears navigable, but from the circumstance 
  of their being no sammon in it I believe that there must be a considerable 
  fall in it below. our guide could not inform us where this river 
  discharged itself into the columbia river, he informed us that it 
  continues it's course along the mountains to the N# as far as he knew it 
  and that not very distant from where we then were it formed a junction 
  with a stream nearly as large as itself which took it's rise in the 
  mountains near the Missouri to the East of us and passed through an 
  extensive valley generally open prarie which forms an excellent pass to 
  the Missouri. the point of the Missouri where this Indian pass intersects 
  it, is about 30 miles above the gates of the rocky mountain, or the place 
  where the valley of the Missouri first widens into an extensive plain 
  after entering the rockey mountains. the guide informed us that a man 
  might pass to the missouri from hence by that rout in four days. we 
  continued our rout down the W# side of the river about 5 miles further and 
  encamped on a large creek which falls in on the West as our guide informes 
  that we should leave the river at this place and the weather appearing 
  settled and fair I determined to halt the next day rest our horses and 
  take some scelestial Observations. we called this Creek Travellers rest. 
  it is about 20 yards wide a fine bould clear runing stream the land 
  through which we passed is but indifferent a could white gravley soil. we 
  estimate our journey of this day at 19 M# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0886-1805-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 9th Monday 1805 a fair morning Set out early and proceeded on 
  thro a plain as yesterday down the valley Crossed a large Scattering Creek 
  on which Cotton trees grew at 11/2 miles, a Small one at 10 miles, both 
  from the right, the main river at 15 miles & Encamped on a large Creek 
  from the left which we call Travelers rest Creek. killed 4 deer & 4 
  Ducks & 3 prarie fowls. day fair Wind N# W# See Suplement 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0887-1805-09-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 10, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday September 10th 1805. The morning being fair I sent out all the 
  hunters, and directed two of them to procede down the river as far as it's 
  junction with the Eastern fork which heads near the missouri, and return 
  this evening. this fork of the river we determined to name the Valley 
  plain river. I think it most probable that this river continues it's 
  course along the rocky Mts. Northwardly as far or perhaps beyond the 
  scources of Medecine river and then turning to the West falls into the 
  Tacootchetessee. The Minetares informed us that there was a large river 
  west of, and at no great distance from the sources of Medecine river, 
  which passed along the Rocky Mountains from S# to N#this evening one of 
  our hunters returned accompanyed by three men of the Flathead nation whom 
  he had met in his excurtion up travellers rest Creek. on first meeting him 
  the Indians were allarmed and prepared for battle with their bows and 
  arrows, but he soon relieved their fears by laying down his gun and 
  advancing towards them. the Indians were mounted on very fine horses of 
  which the Flatheads have a great abundance; that is, each man in the 
  nation possesses from 20 to a hundred head. our guide could not speake the 
  language of these people but soon engaged them in conversation by signs or 
  jesticulation, the common language of all the Aborigines of North America, 
  it is one understood by all of them and appears to be sufficiently copious 
  to convey with a degree of certainty the outlines of what they wish to 
  communicate. in this manner we learnt from these people that two men which 
  they supposed to be of the Snake nation had stolen 23 horses from them and 
  that they were in pursuit of the theaves. they told us they were in great 
  hast, we gave them some boiled venison, of which the eat sparingly. the 
  sun was now set, two of them departed after receiving a few small articles 
  which we gave them, and the third remained, having agreed to continue with 
  us as a guide, and to introduce us to his relations whom he informed us 
  were numerous and resided in the plain below the mountains on the columbia 
  river, from whence he said the water was good and capable of being 
  navigated to the sea; that some of his relation were at the sea last fall 
  and saw an old whiteman who resided there by himself and who had given 
  them some handkerchiefs such as he saw in our possession. he said it 
  would require five sleeps wich is six days travel, to reach his relations. 
  the Flatheads are a very light coloured people of large stature and comely 
  form. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0888-1805-09-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 10th Tuesday 1805 A fair morning Concluded to Delay to day and 
  make Some observations, as at this place the rout which we are to prosue 
  will pass up the Travelers rest Creek, The day proved fair and we took 
  equal altitudes & Some Inner observations. The Latd# 46° 48' 28" as 
  the guide report that no game is to be found on our rout for a long ways, 
  ads an addition to the cause of our delay to precure Some meat, despatched 
  all our hunters in different directions, to hunt the Deer which is the 
  only large game to be found they killed 4 deer a Beaver & 3 Grouse 
  which was divided, one of the hunters Colter, met with 3 Tushapaw Indians 
  who were in pursuit of 2 Snake Indians that bade taken from ther Camps on 
  the head of Kooskooske River 21 horses, Those Indians came with Colter to 
  our Camp & informed by Signs of their misfortune & the rout to 
  ther villages &c# &c# one of them Concluded to return with us. we 
  gave them a ring fish hook & tied a pece of ribin in the hare of each 
  which appeared to please them verry much, Cap Lewis gave them a Steel 
  & a little Powder to make fire, after eating 2 of them proceeded on in 
  pursute of their horses. men all much engaged preparing mockersons &c# 
  &c# The Countrey about this place is already described in that above. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0889-1805-09-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 11th Wednesday 1805 A fair morning wind from the N W we Set out 
  at 3 oClock and proceeded on up the Travelers rest Creek, accompanied by 
  the flat head or Tushapaws Indians about 7 miles below this Creek a large 
  fork comes in from the right and heads up against the waters of the 
  Missouri below the Three forks, this river has extensive Vallies of open 
  leavel land, "and passes in its Whole Course thro a Valie" they call it 
  our Guide tels us a fine large roade passes up this river to the Missouri ¬ The 
  loss of 2 of our horses detained us util. 3 oClock. P#M# our Flathead 
  Indian being restless thought proper to leave us and proceed on alone, 
  Sent out the hunters to hunt in advance as usial. (we have Selected 4 of 
  the best hunters to go in advance to hunt for the party. This arrangement 
  has been made long sinc) we Proceeded on up the Creek on the right Side 
  thro a narrow valie and good road for 7 miles and Encamped at Some old 
  Indian Lodges, nothing killed this evening hills on the right high & 
  ruged, the mountains on the left high & Covered with Snow. The day 
  Verry worm 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0890-1805-09-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 12th Thursday 1805 a white frost Set out at 7 oClock & 
  proceeded on up the Creek, passed a Fork on the right on which I saw near 
  an old Indian encampment a Swet house Covered wthh earth, at 2 miles 
  assended a high hill & proceeded through a hilley and thickly timbered 
  Countrey for 9 miles & on the Right of the Creek, passing Several 
  branches from the right of fine clear water and Struck at a fork at which 
  place the road forks, one passing up each fork. The Timber is Short & 
  long leaf Pine Spruce Pine & fur. The road through this hilley 
  Countrey is verry bad passing over hills & thro Steep hollows, over 
  falling timber &c# &c# continued on & passed Some most 
  intolerable road on the Sides of the Steep Stoney mountains, which might 
  be avoided by keeping up the Creek which is thickly covered with under 
  groth & falling timber Crossed a mountain 8 miles with out water & 
  encamped on a hill Side on the Creek after Decending a long Steep 
  mountain, Some of our Party did not git up untill 10 oClock P M# I mad 
  camp at 8 on this roade & particularly on this Creek the Indians have 
  pealed a number of Pine for the under bark which they eate at certain 
  Seasons of the year, I am told in the Spring they make use of this bark 
  our hunters Killed only one Pheasent this after noon. Party and horses 
  much fatigued. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0891-1805-09-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 13th Wednesday 1805 a cloudy morning Capt Lewis and one of our 
  guides lost their horses, Capt Lewis & 4 men detained to hunt the 
  horses, I proceeded on with the partey up the Creek at 2 miles passed 
  Several Springs which I observed the Deer Elk &c# had made roads to, 
  and below one of the Indians had made a whole to bathe, I tasted this 
  water and found it hot & not bad tasted The last  ¿¿  in further 
  examonation I found this water nearly boiling hot at the places it Spouted 
  from the rocks (which a hard Corse Grit, and of great size the rocks on 
  the Side of the Mountain of the Same texture) I put my finger in the 
  water, at first could not bare it in a Second ¬ as Several roads led from 
  these Springs in different derections, my Guide took a wrong road and took 
  us out of our rout 3 miles through intolerable rout, after falling into 
  the right road I proceeded on thro tolerabl rout for abt# 4 or 5 miles and 
  halted to let our horses graze as well as waite for Capt Lewis who has not 
  yet Come up, The pine Countrey falling timber &c# &c# Continue. 
  This Creek is verry much darned up with the beaver, but we can See none, 
  dispatched two men back to hunt Capt Lewis horse, after he came up, and we 
  proceeded over a mountain to the head of the Creek which we left to our 
  left and at 6 miles from the place I nooned it, we fell on a Small Creek 
  from the left which Passed through open glades Some of which 1/2 a mile 
  wide, we proceeded down this Creek about 2 miles to where the mountains 
  Closed on either Side crossing the Creek Several times & Encamped. 
  = 
  One Deer & Some Pheasants killed this morning, I shot 4 Pheasents of 
  the Common Kind except the taile was black. The road over the last 
  mountain was thick Steep & Stoney as usial, after passing the head of 
  Travelers rest Creek, the road was verry fine leavel open & firm Some 
  mountains in view to the S E & S W# Covered with Snow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0892-1805-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 14th Thursday 1805 a Cloudy day in the Valies it rained and 
  hailed, on the top of the mountains Some Snow fell we Set out early and 
  Crossed a high mountn on the right of the Creek for 6 miles to the forks 
  of the Glade Creek the right hand fork which falls in is about the Size of 
  the other, we Crossed to the left Side at the foks, and Crossd a verry 
  high Steep mountain for 9 miles to a large fork from the left which 
  appears to head in the Snow toped mountains Southerley and S# E# we 
  Crossd. Glade Creek above its mouth, at a place the Tushepaws or Flat head 
  Indians have made 2 wears across to Catch Sammon and have but latterly 
  left the place I could see no fish, and the grass entirely eaten out by 
  the horses, we proceeded on 2 miles & Encamped opposit a Small Island 
  at the mouth of a branch on the right side of the river which is at this 
  place 80 yards wide, Swift and Stoney, here we wer compelled to kill a 
  Colt for our men & Selves to eat for the want of meat & we named 
  the South fork Colt killed Creek, and this river we Call Flathead River ¬  
  The Mountains which we passed today much worst than yesterday the last 
  excessively bad & Thickly Strowed with falling timber & Pine Spruc 
  fur Hackmatak & Tamerack, Steep & Stoney our men and horses much 
  fatigued, The rain  ¿¿ 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0893-1805-09-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday Septr. 15th 1805 We set out early. the morning Cloudy and 
  proceeded on Down the right Side of River over Steep points rockey & 
  buschey as usial for 4 miles to an old Indian fishing place, here the road 
  leaves the river to the left and assends a mountain winding in every 
  direction to get up the Steep assents & to pass the emence quantity of 
  falling timber which had falling from dift. causes i e. fire & wind 
  and has deprived the Greater part of the Southerley Sides of this mountain 
  of its gren timber, 4 miles up the mountain I found a Spring and halted 
  for the rear to come up and to let our horses rest & feed, about 2 
  hours the rear of the party came up much fatigued & horses more So, 
  Several horses Sliped and roled down Steep hills which hurt them verry 
  much The one which Carried my desk & Small trunk Turned over & 
  roled down a mountain for 40 yards & lodged against a tree, broke the 
  Desk the horse escaped and appeared but little hurt Some others verry much 
  hurt, from this point I observed a range of high mountains Covered with 
  Snow from S E# to S W with Their top bald or void of timber. after two 
  hours delay we proceeded on up the mountain Steep & ruged as usial, 
  more timber near the top, when we arrived at the top As we Conceved we 
  could find no water and Concluded to Camp and make use of the Snow we 
  found on the top to cook the remnt. of our Colt & make our Supe, 
  evening verry Cold and Cloudy. Two of our horses gave out, pore and too 
  much hurt to proceed on and left in the rear ¬ nothing killed to day 
  except 2 Phests. 
  = 
  From this mountain I could observe high ruged mountains in every direction 
  as far as I could See. with the greatest exertion we Could only make 12 
  miles up this mountain and encamped on the top of the mountain near a Bank 
  of old Snow about 3 feet deep lying on the Northern Side of the mountain 
  and in Small banks on the top & leavel parts of the mountain, we 
  melted the Snow to drink, and Cook our horse flesh to eat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0894-1805-09-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday Septr. 16th 1805 began to Snow about 3 hours before Day and 
  Continud all day the Snow in The morning 4 Inches deep on The old Snow, 
  and by night we found it from 6 to 8 Inches deep I walked in front to keep 
  the road and found great dificuelty in keeping it as in maney places the 
  Snow had entirely filled up the track, and obliged me to hunt Several 
  minits for the track at 12 oClock we halted on the top of the mountain to 
  worm & dry our Selves a little as well as to let our horses rest and 
  graze a little on Some long grass which I observed, (on) The South Steep 
  hills Side & falling timber Continue to day, and a thickly timbered 
  Countrey of 8 different kinds of pine, which are So covered with Snow, 
  that in passing thro them we are continually covered with Snow, I have 
  been wet and as cold in every part as I ever was in my life, indeed I was 
  at one time fearfull my feet would freeze in the thin mockersons which I 
  wore, after a Short delay in the middle of the Day, I took one man and 
  proceeded on as fast as I could about 6 miles to a Small branch passing to 
  the right, halted and built fires for the party agains their arrival which 
  was at Dusk verry cold and much fatigued we Encamped at this Branch in a 
  thickly timbered bottom which was Scercely large enough for us to lie 
  leavil, men all wet cold and hungary. Killed a Second Colt which we all 
  Suped hartily on and thought it fine meat. 
  = 
  I saw 4 Black tail Deer to day before we Set out which came up the 
  mountain and what is Singular Snaped 7 tims at a large buck. it is 
  Singular as my gun has a Steel frisen and never Snaped 7 times before in 
  examining her found the flint loose to describe the road of this day would 
  be a repitition of yesterday excpt the Snow which made it much wors to 
  proseed as we had in maney places to derect our Selves by the appearence 
  of the rubbings of the Packs against the trees which have limbs quiet low 
  and bending downwards 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0895-1805-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 17th Septr. 1805 Cloudy morning our horses much Scattered which 
  detained us untill one oClock P#M# at which time we Set out the falling 
  Snow & Snow from the trees which kept us wet all the after noon passed 
  over Several high ruged Knobs and Several dreans & Springs passing to 
  the right, & passing on the ridge devideing the waters of two Small 
  rivers. road excessively bad Snow on the Knobs, no Snow in the vallies 
  Killed a fiew Pheasents which was not Sufficient for our Supper which 
  compelled us to kill Something. a coalt being the most useless part of our 
  Stock he fell a Prey to our appetites. The after part of the day fare, we 
  made only 10 miles to day two horses fell & hurt themselves very much. 
  we Encamped on the top of a high Knob of the mountain at a run passing to 
  the left. we proceed on as yesterday, & with dificulty found the road 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0896-1805-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday September 18th 1805. Cap Clark set out this morning to go a head 
  with six hunters. there being no game in these mountains we concluded it 
  would be better for one of us to take the hunters and hurry on to the 
  leavel country a head and there hunt and provide some provision while the 
  other remained with and brought on the party the latter of these was my 
  part; accordingly I directed the horses to be gotten up early being 
  determined to force my march as much as the abilities of our horses would 
  permit. the negligence of one of the party Willard who had a spare horse 
  not attending to him and bringing him up last evening was the cause of our 
  detention this morning untill 1/2 after 8 A M when we set out. I sent 
  willard back to serch for his horse, and proceeded on with the party at 
  four in the evening he overtook us without the horse, we marched 18 miles 
  this day and encamped on the side of a steep mountain; we suffered for 
  water this day passing one rivulet only; we wer fortunate in finding water 
  in a steep raviene about 1/2 maile from our camp. this morning we finished 
  the remainder of our last coult. we dined & suped on a skant 
  proportion of portable soupe, a few canesters of which, a little bears oil 
  and about 20 lbs# of candles form our stock of provision, the only 
  recources being our guns & packhorses. the first is but a poor 
  dependance in our present situation where there is nothing upon earth 
  exept ourselves and a few small pheasants, small grey Squirrels, and a 
  blue bird of the vulter kind about the size of a turtle dove or jay bird. 
  our rout lay along the ridge of a high mountain course S# 20 W# 18 in. 
  used the snow for cooking. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0897-1805-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 18th Septr. 1805 a fair morning cold I proceded on in advance with 
  Six hunters to try and find deer or Something to kill we passed over a 
  countrey Similar to the one of yesterday more falling timber passed 
  Several runs & Springs passing to the right from the top of a high 
  part of the mountain at 20 miles I had a view of an emence Plain and 
  leavel Countrey to the S W# & West at a great distance a high mountain 
  in advance beyond the Plain, Saw but little Sign of deer and nothing else, 
  much falling timber, made 32 miles and Encamped on a bold running Creek 
  passing to the left which I call Hungery Creek as at that place we had 
  nothing to eate. I halted only one hour to day to let our horses feed on 
  Grass and rest 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0898-1805-09-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday September 19th 1805. Set out this morning a little after sun rise 
  and continued our rout about the same course of yesterday or S# 20 W# for 
  6 miles when the ridge terminated and we to our inexpressable joy 
  discovered a large tract of Prairie country lying to the S# W# and 
  widening as it appeared to extend to the W# through that plain the Indian 
  informed us that the Columbia river, in which we were in surch run. this 
  plain appeared to be about 60 Miles distant, but our guide assured us that 
  we should reach it's borders tomorrow the appearance of this country, our 
  only hope for subsistance greately revived the sperits of the party 
  already reduced and much weakened for the want of food. the country is 
  thickly covered with a very heavy growth of pine of which I have 
  ennumerated 8 distinct species. after leaving the ridge we asscended and 
  decended several steep mountains in the distance of 6 miles further when 
  we struck a Creek about 15 yards wide our course being S# 35 W# we 
  continued our rout 6 miles along the side of this creek upwards passing 2 
  of it's branches which flowed in from the N# 1st at the place we struck 
  the creek and the other 3 miles further. the road was excessively 
  dangerous along this creek being a narrow rockey path generally on the 
  side of steep precipice, from which in many places if ether man or horse 
  were precipitated they would inevitably be dashed in pieces. Fraziers 
  horse fell from this road in the evening, and roled with his load near a 
  hundred yards into the Creek. we all expected that the horse was killed 
  but to our astonishment when the load was taken off him he arose to his 
  feet & appeared to be but little injured, in 20 minutes he proceeded 
  with his load. this was the most wonderfull escape I ever witnessed, the 
  hill down which he roled was almost perpendicular and broken by large 
  irregular and broken rocks. the course of this Creek upwards due W# we 
  encamped on the Stard# side of it in a little raviene, having traveled 18 
  miles over a very bad road. we took a small quantity of portable soup, and 
  retired to rest much fatiegued. several of the men are unwell of the 
  disentary. brakings out, or irruptions of the Skin, have also been common 
  with us for some time. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0899-1805-09-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 19th Septr. 1805 Set out early proceeded on up the Creek passing 
  through a Small glade at 6 miles at which place we found a horse. I 
  derected him killed and hung up for the party after takeing a brackfast 
  off for our Selves which we thought fine after Brackfast proceed on up the 
  Creek two miles & left it to our right passed over a mountain, and the 
  heads of branch of hungary Creek, two high mountains, ridges and through 
  much falling timber (which caused our road of to day to be double the 
  derect distance on the Course) Struck a large Creek passing to our left 
  which I Kept down for 4 miles and left it to our left & passed over a 
  mountain bad falling timber to a Small Creek passing to our left and 
  Encamped. I killed 2 Pheasents, but fiew birds Blue jay, Small white 
  headed hawk, Some Crows & ravins & large hawks. road bad. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0900-1805-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday September 20th 1805. This morning my attention was called to a 
  species of bird which I had never seen before. It was reather larger than 
  a robbin, tho much it's form and action. the colours were a blueish brown 
  on the back the wings and tale black, as wass a stripe above the croop 3/4 
  of an inch wide in front of the neck, and two others of the same colour 
  passed from it's eyes back along the sides of the head. the top of the 
  head, neck brest and belley and butts of the wing were of a fine yellowish 
  brick reed. it was feeding on the buries of a species of shoemake or ash 
  which grows common in country & which I first observed on 2d of this 
  month. I have also observed two birds of a blue colour both of which I 
  believe to be of the haulk or vulter kind. the one of a blue shining 
  colour with a very high tuft of feathers on the head a long tale, it feeds 
  on flesh the beak and feet black. it's note is cha~ah, cha~ah. it is about 
  the size of a pigeon; and in shape and action resembles the jay bird. 
  another bird of very similar genus, the note resembling the mewing of the 
  cat, with a white head and a light blue colour is also common, as are a 
  black species of woodpecker about the size of the lark woodpecker Three 
  species of Pheasants, a large black species, with some white feathers 
  irregularly scattered on the brest neck and belley a smaller kind of a 
  dark uniform colour with a red stripe above the eye, and a brown and 
  yellow species that a good deel resembles the phesant common to the 
  Atlantic States. we were detained this morning untill ten oclock in 
  consequence of not being enabled to collect our horses. we had proceeded 
  about 2 miles when we found the greater part of a horse which Capt Clark 
  had met with and killed for us. he informed me by note that he should 
  proceed as fast as possible to the leavel country which lay to the S# W# 
  of us, which we discovered from the hights of the mountains on the 19th 
  there he intended to hunt untill our arrival. at one oclock we halted and 
  made a hearty meal on our horse beef much to the comfort of our hungry 
  stomachs. here I larnt that one of the Packhorses with his load was 
  missing and immediately dispatched Baptiest Lapage who had charge of him, 
  to surch for him. he returned at ;3 OC# without the horse. The load of the 
  horse was of considerable value consisting of merchandize and all my stock 
  of winter cloathing. I therefore dispatched two of my best woodsmen in 
  surch of him, and proceeded with the party. Our rout lay through a thick 
  forrest of large pine the general course being S# 25 W# and distance about 
  15 miles. our road was much obstructed by fallen timber particularly in 
  the evening we encamped on a ridge where ther was but little grass for our 
  horses, and at a distance from water. however we obtained as much as 
  served our culinary purposes and suped on our beef. the soil as you leave 
  the hights of the mountains becomes gradually more fertile. the land 
  through which we passed this evening is of an excellent quality tho very 
  broken, it is a dark grey soil. a grey free stone appearing in large 
  masses above the earth in many places. saw the hucklebury, honeysuckle, 
  and alder common to the Atlantic states, also a kind of honeysuckle which 
  bears a white bury and rises about 4 feet high not common but to the 
  western side of the rockey mountains. a growth which resembles the choke 
  cherry bears a black bury with a single stone of a sweetish taste, it 
  rises to the hight of 8 or 10 feet and grows in thick clumps. the 
  Arborvita is also common and grows to an immence size, being from 2 to 6 
  feet in diameter. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0901-1805-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 20th September 1805 I Set out early and proceeded on through a 
  Countrey as ruged as usial passed over a low mountain into the forks of a 
  large Creek which I kept down 2 miles and assended a Steep mountain 
  leaveing the Creek to our left hand passed the head of Several dreans on a 
  divideing ridge, and at 12 miles decended the mountain to a leavel pine 
  Countrey proceeded on through a butifull Countrey for three miles to a 
  Small Plain in which I found maney Indian lodges, at the distance of 1 
  mile from the lodges I met 3 boys, when they Saw me ran and hid themselves 
  searched found gave them Small pieces of ribin & Sent them forward to 
  the village a man Came out to meet me with;great Caution & Conducted 
  us to a large Spacious Lodge which he told me (by Signs) was the Lodge of 
  his great Chief who had Set out 3 days previous with all the Warriers of 
  the nation to war on a South West derection & would return in 15 or 18 
  days. the fiew men that were left in the Village aged, great numbers of 
  women geathered around me with much apparent Signs of fear, and apr# 
  pleased they gave us a Small piece of Buffalow meat, Some dried Salmon 
  beries & roots in different States, Some round and much like an onion 
  which they call quamash the Bread or Cake is called Passhe~co Sweet, of 
  this they make bread & Supe they also gave us the bread made of this 
  root all of which we eate hartily, I gave them a fiew Small articles as 
  preasents, and proceeded on with a Chief to his Village 2 miles in the 
  Same Plain, where we were treated kindly in their way and continued with 
  them all night Those two Villages consist of about 30 double lodges, but 
  fiew men a number of women & children; They call themselves Cho~pun~nish
  or Pierced Noses; " their dialect appears verry different from 
  the Tushapaws altho origneally the Same people" They are darker than the 
  Tushapaws Their dress Similar, with more beads white & blue 
  principally, brass & Copper in different forms, Shells and ware their 
  haire in the Same way. they are large Portley men Small women & 
  handsom fetued Emence quantity of the quawmash or Pas~shi~co root gathered 
  & in piles about the plains, those roots grow much an onion in marshey 
  places the seed are in triangular Shell on the Stalk. they Sweat them in 
  the following manner i. e. dig a large hole 3 feet deep Cover the bottom 
  with Split wood on the top of which they lay Small Stones of about 3 or 4 
  Inches thick, a Second layer of Splited wood & Set the whole on fire 
  which heats the Stones, after the fire is extinguished they lay grass 
  & mud mixed on the Stones, on that dry grass which Supports the 
  Pash~Shi~co root a thin Coat of the Same grass is laid on the top, a Small 
  fire is kept when necessary in the Center of the kite &c# 
  = 
  I find myself verry unwell all the evening from eateing the fish & 
  roots too freely. Sent out the hunters they killed nothing Saw Some Signs 
  of deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0902-1805-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday September 21st 1805. We were detained this morning untill 11 OCk# 
  in consequence of not being able to collect our horses. we then set out 
  and proceeded along the ridge on which we had encamped, leaving which at 
  11/2 we passed a large creek runing to the left just above it's junction 
  with another which run parrallel with and on the left of our road before 
  we struck the creek; through the level wide and heavy timbered bottom of 
  this creek we proceeded about 21/2 miles when bearing to the right we 
  passed a broken country heavily timbered great quantities of which had 
  fallen and so obstructed our road that it was almost impracticable to 
  proceed in many places. though these hills we proceeded about 5 Ms# when 
  we passed a small creek on which Capt Clark encamped on the 19th passing 
  this creek we continued our rout 5 Ms thro a similar country when we 
  struck a large creek at the forks, passed the Northen branch and continued 
  down it on the West side 1 mile and encamped in a small open bottom where 
  there was tolerable food for our horses. I directed the horses to be 
  hubbled to prevent delay in the morning being determined to make a forced 
  march tomorrow in order to reach if possible the open country. we killed a 
  few Pheasants, and I killd a prarie woolf which together with the ballance 
  of our horse beef and some crawfish which we obtained in the creek enabled 
  us to make one more hearty meal, not knowing where the next was to be 
  found. the Arborvita increases in quantity and size. I saw several sticks 
  today large enough to form eligant perogues of at least 45 feet in length. I 
  find myself growing weak for the want of food and most of the men complain 
  of a similar deficiency and have fallen off very much. the general course 
  of this day S 30 W 15M# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0903-1805-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 21st Saturday 1805 a fine morning Sent out all the hunters early in 
  different directions to Kill Something and delayed with the Indians to 
  prevent Suspicion & to acquire as much information as possible. one of 
  them Drew me a Chart of the river & nations below informed of one 
  falls below which the white men lived from whome they got white beeds 
  cloth &c# &c# The day proved warm, 2 Chifs of Bands visited me to 
  day ¬ the hunters all returned without any thing, I collected a horse 
  load of roots & 3 Sammon & Sent R Fields with one Indian to meet 
  Capt Lewis at 4 oClock Set out with the other men to the river, passed 
  thro a fine Pine Country decended a Steep ruged hill verry long to a Small 
  river which comes from our left and I suppose it to be  ¿¿  River passed 
  down the river 2 miles on a Steep hill side at r r oClock P#M# arrived at 
  a camp of 5 Squars a boy & 2 Children those people were glad to See us 
  & gave us drid Sammon one had formerly been taken by the Minitarries 
  of the north & Seen white men, our guide called the Chief who was 
  fishing on the other Side of the river, whome I found a Cherfull man of 
  about 65 I gave him a Medal. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0904-1805-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 21st Septr. 1805 A fine morning Sent out all the hunters in 
  different directions to hunt deer, I myself delayd with the Chief to 
  prevent Suspission and to Collect by Signs as much information as possible 
  about the river and Countrey in advance. The Cheif drew me a kind of chart 
  of the river, and informed me that a greater Cheif than himself was 
  fishing at the river half a days march from his village called the twisted 
  hare, and that the river forked a little below his Camp and at a long 
  distance below & below 2 large forks one from the left & the other 
  from the right the river passed thro'gh the mountains at which place was a 
  great fall of the water passing through the rocks, at those falls white 
  people lived from whome they preceured the white Beeds & Brass &c# 
  which the womin wore; a Chief of another band visit me to day and Smoked a 
  pipe, I gave my handkerchief & a Silver Cord with a little Tobacco to 
  those Chiefs, The hunters all return without any thing, I purchased as 
  much Provisions as I could with what fiew things I chaned to have in my 
  Pockets, Such a Salmon Bread roots & berries, & Sent one man R# 
  Fields with an Indian to meet Capt# Lewis, and at 4 oClock P M# Set out to 
  the river, met a man at dark on his way from the river to the village, 
  whome I hired and gave the neck handkerchief of one of the men, to polit 
  me to the Camp of the twisted hare we did not arrive at the Camp of the 
  Twisted hare but oppost, untill half past 11 oClock P M# found at this 
  Camp five Squars & 3 Children. my guide called to the Chief who was 
  Encamped with 2 others on a Small Island in the river, he Soon joind me, I 
  found him a Chearfull man with apparant Siencerity, I gave him a medal 
  &c# and Smoked untill 1 oClock a.m. and went to Sleep. The Countrey 
  from the mountains to the river hills is a leavel rich butifull Pine 
  Countrey badly watered, thinly timbered & covered with grass ¬ The 
  weather verry worm after decending into the low Countrey, ¬  the river hills 
  are verry high & Steep, Small bottoms to this little river which is 
  Flat head & is 160 yards wide and Sholey This river is the one we 
  killed the first Coalt on near a fishing were I am verry Sick to day and 
  puke which relive me. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0905-1805-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday September 22cd 1805. Notwithstanding my positive directions to 
  hubble the horses last evening one of the men neglected to comply. he 
  plead ignorance of the order. this neglect however detained us untill 1/2 
  after eleven OCk at which time we renewed our march, our course being 
  about west. we had proceeded about two and a half miles when we met Reubin 
  Fields one of oure hunters, whom Capt# Clark had dispatched to meet us 
  with some dryed fish and roots that he had procured from a band of 
  Indians, whose lodges were about eight miles in advance. I ordered the 
  party to halt for the purpose of taking some refreshment. I divided the 
  fish roots and buries, and was happy to find a sufficiency to satisfy 
  compleatly all our appetites. Fields also killed a crow after refreshing 
  ourselves we proceeded to the village due West 71/2 Miles where we arrived 
  at 5 OCk# in the afternoon our rout was through lands heavily timbered, 
  the larger wood entirely pine. the country except the last 3 miles was 
  broken and decending the pleasure I now felt in having tryumphed over the 
  rocky Mountains and decending once more to a level and fertile country 
  where there was every rational hope of finding a comfortable subsistence 
  for myself and party can be more readily conceived than expressed, nor was 
  the flattering prospect of the final success of the expedition less 
  pleasing. on our approach to the village which consisted of eighteen 
  lodges most of the women fled to the neighbouring woods on horseback with 
  their children, a circumstance I did not expect as Capt# Clark had 
  previously been with them and informed them of our pacific intentions 
  towards them and also the time at which we should most probably arrive. 
  the men seemed but little concerned, and several of them came to meet us 
  at a short distance from their lodges unarmed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0906-1805-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  September 22nd Sunday 1805 a fine morning, I proceed on down the little 
  river to about 11/2 a mile & found the Chif in a Canoe Comeing to meet 
  me I got into his Canoe & Crossed over to his Camp on a Small Island 
  at a rapid Sent out the hunters leaving one to take care of the baggage, 
  & after eating a part of a Samn. I Set out on my return to meet Capt# 
  Lewis with the Chief & his Son at 2 miles met Shields with 3 Deer, I 
  took a Small peice & Changed for his horse which was fresh & 
  proced on this horse threw me 3 times which hurt me Some. at Dark met Capt 
  Lewis Encamped at the first Village men much fatigued & reduced, the 
  Supply which I sent by R Flds. was timely, they all eate hartily of roots 
  & fish, 2 horses lost 1 Days journey back 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0907-1805-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 22nd Septr. 1805 a verry worm day the hunters Shild killed 3 Deer 
  this morning. I left them on the Island and Set out with the Chief & 
  his Son on a young horse for the Village at which place I expected to meet 
  Capt Lewis this young horse in fright threw himself & me 3 times on 
  the Side of a Steep hill & hurt my hip much, Cought a Coalt which we 
  found on the roade & I rode it for Several miles untill we saw the 
  Chiefs horses, he cought one & we arrived at his Village at Sunset, 
  & himself and myslf walked up to the 2d Village where I found Capt 
  Lewis & the party Encamped, much fatigued, & hungery, much 
  rejoiced to find something to eate of which They appeared to partake 
  plentifully. I cautioned them of the Consequences of eateing too much 
  &c# 
  = 
  The planes appeared covered with Spectators viewing the White men and the 
  articles which we had, our party weacke and much reduced in flesh as well 
  as Strength, The horse I left hung up they receved at a time they were in 
  great want, and the Supply I Sent by R# Fields proved timely and gave 
  great encouragement to the party with Captn# Lewis. he lost 3 horses one 
  of which belonged to our guide. Those Indians Stole out of R# F. Shot 
  pouch his knife wipers Compas & Steel, which we Could not precure from 
  them, we attempted to have Some talk with those people but Could not for 
  the want of an Interpreter thro which we Could Speake, we were Compelled 
  to converse Altogether by Signs ¬ I got the Twisted hare to draw the 
  river from his Camp down which he did with great cherfullness on a white 
  Elk Skin, from the 1s fork which is a few seven miles below, to the large 
  fork on which the So So ne or Snake Indians fish, is South 2 Sleeps; to a 
  large river which falls in on the N W# Side and into which The Clarks 
  river empties itself is 5 Sleeps from the mouth of that river to the falls 
  is 5 Sleeps at the falls he places Establishments of white people &c# 
  and informs that great numbers of Indians reside on all those foks as well 
  as the main river; one other Indian gave me a like account of the 
  Countrey, Some few drops of rain this evening. I precured maps of the 
  Country & river with the Situation of Indians, To come from Several 
  men of note Seperately which varied verey little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0908-1805-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 23rd Sunday Traded with the Indians, made 3 Chiefs and gave them 
  meadels & Tobacco & Handkerchif & knives, and a flag & 
  left a Flag & hand kerches for the great Chief when he returns from 
  war, in the evening proceeded to the 2d Vilg 2 miles, a hard wind and rain 
  at dark, traded for Some root Bread & Skins to make Shirts. hot day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0909-1805-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 23rd Septr 1805. We assembled the principal Men as well as the 
  Chiefs and by Signs informed them where we came from where bound our wish 
  to inculcate peace and good understanding between all the red people &c# 
  which appeared to Satisfy them much, we then gave 2 other Medals to other 
  Chefs of bands, a flag to the twisted hare, left a flag & Handkerchief 
  to the grand Chief gave, a Shirt to the Twisted hare & a knife & 
  Handkerchif with a Small pece of Tobacco to each. Finding that those 
  people gave no provisions to day we deturmined to purchase with our Small 
  articles of merchindize, accord we purchased all we could, Such as roots 
  dried, in bread, & in ther raw State, Berris of red Haws & Fish 
  and in the evening Set out and proceeded on to the 2d Village 2 miles 
  dist# where we also purchased a few articles all amounting to as much as 
  our weak horses Could Carry to the river Capt# Lewis & 2 men verry 
  Sick this evening, my hip verry Painfull, the men trade a few old tin 
  Canisters for dressed Elk Skin to make themselves Shirts, at dark a hard 
  wind from The S W accompaned with rain which lasted half an hour. The 
  twisted hare envited Capt Lewis & myself to his lodge which was nothin 
  more than Pine bushes & bark, and gave us Some broiled dried Salmon to 
  eate, great numbers about us all night at this village the women were 
  busily employed in gathering and drying the Pas~she co root of which they 
  had great quantites dug in piles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0910-1805-09-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 24th Monday 1805 Set out early for the river and proceeded on the 
  Same road I had prevsly gorn to the Island at which place I had found the 
  Chief & formed a Camp several 8 or 9 men Sick, Capt Lewis Sick all 
  Complain of a Lax & heaviness at the Stomack, I gave rushes Pills to 
  Several hot day maney Indians & thier gangues of horses follow us hot 
  day Hunter had 5 Deer 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0911-1805-09-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 24th Septr. 1805 a fine morning collected our horses despatched J# 
  Colter back to hunt the horses lost in the mountains & bring up Some 
  Shot left behind, and at 10 oClock we all Set out for the river and 
  proceeded on by the Same rout I had previously traveled, and at Sunset We 
  arrived at the Island on which I found the Twisted hare and formed a Camp 
  on a large Island a littl below, Capt Lewis Scercely able to ride on a 
  jentle horse which was furnishd by the Chief, Several men So unwell that 
  they were Compelled to lie on the Side of the road for Some time others 
  obliged to be put on horses. I gave rushes Pills to the Sick this evening. 
  Several Indians follow us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0912-1805-09-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 25th I with th Chief & 2 young men went down to hunt timber for 
  Canoes ¬ proceeded on down to the forks 4 miles N 70° W 2 miles S# 
  75°W 2 miles, halted young men Cought 6 Sammon, the forks nearly the Same 
  Size, Crossed the South fork & found Timber large Pine in a bottom 
  Proceeded up the South Side 3 parts of Party Sick Capt Lewis verry Sick 
  hot day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0913-1805-09-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 25th of September 1805 a verry hot day most of the Party 
  Complaining and 2 of our hunters left here on the 22nd verry Sick they had 
  killed only two Bucks in my absence. I Set out early with the Chief and 2 
  young men to hunt Some trees Calculated to build Canoes, as we had 
  previously deturmined to proceed on by water, I was furnished with a horse 
  and we proceeded on down the river Crossed a Creek at 1 mile from the 
  right verry rockey which I call rock dam Creek & Passed down on the N 
  side of the river to a fork from the North which is about the Same Size 
  and affords about the Same quantity of water with the other forks we 
  halted about an hour, one of the young men took his guilt and killed 6 
  fine Salmon two of them were roasted and we eate, two Canoes Came up 
  loaded with the furnitur & provisions of 2 families, those Canoes are 
  long Stedy and without much rake I crossed the South fork and proceeded up 
  on the South Side, the most of the way thro a narrow Pine bottom in which 
  I Saw fine timber for Canoes one of the Indian Canoes with 2 men with 
  Poles Set out from the forks at the Same time I did and arrived at our 
  Camp on the Island within 15 minits of the Same time I did, not 
  withstanding 3 rapids which they had to draw the Canoe thro in the 
  distance, when I arrived at Camp found Capt Lewis verry Sick, Several men 
  also verry Sick, I gave Some Salts & Tarter emetic, we deturmined to 
  go to where the best timbr was and there form a Camp 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0914-1805-09-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 26th Set out early and proceeded down the river to the bottom on 
  the S Side opposit the forks & formed a Camp had ax handled ground 
  &c# our axes all too Small, Indians caught Sammon & Sold us, 2 
  Chiefs & thir families came & camped near us, Several men bad, 
  Capt Lewis Sick I gave Pukes Salts &c# to Several, I am a little 
  unwell. hot day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0915-1805-09-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 26th Septr. 1805 Set out early and proceeded on down the river to 
  a bottom opposit the forks of the river on the South Side and formed a 
  Camp. Soon after our arrival a raft Came down the N# fork on which was two 
  men, they came too, I had the axes distributed and handled and men 
  apotned. ready to commence building canoes on tomorrow, our axes are Small 
  & badly Calculated to build Canoes of the large Pine, Capt Lewis Still 
  very unwell, Several men taken Sick on the way down, I administered Salts 
  Pils Galip, Tarter emetic &c# I feel unwell this evening, two Chiefs 
  & their families follow us and encamp near us, they have great numbers 
  of horses. This day proved verry hot, we purchase fresh Salmon of the 
  Indians 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0916-1805-09-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 27th Thursday 1805 Set all the men able to work abt# building 
  Canoes, Colter returned and found one horse & the Canister of Shot 
  left in the mountains he also killed a Deer 1/2 of which he brought hot 
  day ¬ men Sick 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0917-1805-09-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  27th Septr. Wednesday 1805 all the men able to work comened building 5 
  Canoes, Several taken Sick at work, our hunters returned Sick without 
  meet. J# Colter returned he found only one of the lost horses, on his way 
  killed a deer, half of which he gave the Indians the other proved 
  nourishing to the Sick The day verry hot, we purchase fresh Salmon of them 
  Several Indians Come up the river from a Camp Some distance below Capt 
  Lewis very Sick nearly all the men Sick. our Shoshonee Indian Guide 
  employed himself makeing flint points for his arrows 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0918-1805-09-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 28th Friday Several men Sick all at work which is able, nothing 
  killed to day. Drewyer Sick maney Indians visit us worm day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0919-1805-09-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 28th Septr. 1805 Our men nearly all Complaining of ther bowels, a 
  heaviness at the Stomach & Lax, Some of those taken first getting 
  better, a number of Indians about us gazeing &c# &c# This day 
  proved verry worm and Sultery, nothing killed men complaining of their 
  diat of fish & roots. all that is able working at the Canoes, Several 
  Indians leave us to day, the raft continue on down the river, one old man 
  informed us that he had been to the White peoples fort at the falls & 
  got white beeds &c his Story was not beleved as he Could explain 
  nothing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0920-1805-09-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 29th Satterday Drewyer killed 2 deer Collins 1 der men Conte Sickly 
  at work all able to work. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0921-1805-09-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 29th Septr. 1805 a Cool morning wind from the S# W# men Sick as 
  usial, all The men that are able to at work, at the Canoes Drewyer killed 
  2 Deer Colter killed 1 Deer, the after part of this day worm Cap Lewis 
  very Sick, and most of the men complaning very much of ther bowels & 
  Stomach 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0922-1805-09-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 30th Septr. 1805 Forks a fine morning our men recruting a little 
  cool, all at work doing Something except 2 which are verry Sick, Great run 
  of Small duck passing down the river this morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0923-1805-09-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Septr. 30th Saturday (Monday) 1805 a fine fair morning a the men 
  recruiting a little, all at work which are able. Great number of Small 
  Ducks pass down the river this morning. maney Indians passing up and down 
  the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0924-1805-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 1st 1805 Tuesday a cool morning wind from the N# E# I examine 
  & Dry all our article Cloths &#. nothing to eate except Drid fish 
  verry bad diet Capt Lewis getting much better than for Several days past 
  Several Indians visit us from the different villages below and on the main 
  fork S# nothing killed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0925-1805-10-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 1st Tuesday 1805 A cool morning wind from the East had Examined 
  and dried all our clothes and other articles and laid out a Small 
  assortment of Such articles as those Indians were fond of to trade with 
  them for Some provisions (they are remarkably fond of Beeds) nothin to 
  eate except a little dried fish which they men complain of as working of 
  them as as much as a dost of Salts. Capt Lewis getting much better. 
  Several Indians visit us from the different tribes below Some from the 
  main South fork our hunters killed nothing to day worm evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0926-1805-10-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Oct. 2nd 1805 Wednesday dispatch 2 men & an Indian up to the villages 
  we first Came too to purchase roots fish &c# nothing to eate but 
  roots. gave a small pice of Tobacco to the Indians, 3 broachs & 2 
  rings with my Handkerchif divided between 5 of them. I walked on the hills 
  to hunt to day, Saw only one deer, Could kill nothing day excesively hot 
  in the river bottom wind North, Burning out the holler of our canoes, men 
  Something better nothing except a Small Prarie wolf Killed to day, our 
  Provisions all out except what fiew fish we purchase of the Indians with 
  us; we kill a horse for the men at work to eate &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0927-1805-10-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 2nd Wednesday 1805 Despatched 2 men Frasure & S# Guterich back 
  to the village with 1 Indian & 6 horses to purchase dried fish, roots 
  &c# we have nothing to eate but roots, which give the men violent 
  pains in their bowels after eating much of them. To the Indians who 
  visited us yesterday I gave divided my Handkerchief between 5 of them, 
  with a Small piece of tobacco & a pece of riebin & to the 2 
  principal men each a ring & brooch. I walked out with my gun on the 
  hills which is verry Steep & high could kill nothing. day hot wind N# 
  Hunters killed nothing excep a Small Prarie wolf. Provisions all out, 
  which Compells us to kill one of our horses to eate and make Suep for the 
  Sick men. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0928-1805-10-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 3rd Thursday 1805 Canoe Camp a fair cool morning wind from the 
  East all our men getting well and at work at the canoes &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0929-1805-10-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 3rd Thursday 1805 a fine morning cool wind East all our men 
  getting better in helth, and at work at the Canoes &#. The Indians who 
  visited us from below Set out on their return early. Several others Came 
  from different directions 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0930-1805-10-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 4th 1805 Friday This morning is a little cool wind from the East. 
  displeased an Indian by refuseing to let him have a pice of Tobacco. thre 
  Inds# from the S# fork visit us Frasur and Guterich return from the 
  village with fish roots &c# which they purchased 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0931-1805-10-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 4th Friday 1805 a Cool wind from off the Eastern mountains I 
  displeased an Indian by refuseing him a pice of Tobacco which he tooke the 
  liberty to take out of our Sack Three Indians visit us from the Grat River 
  South of us. The two men Frasure and Guterich return late from the Vllage 
  with Fish roots &c# which they purchased as our horse is eaten we have 
  nothing to eate except dried fish & roots which disagree with us verry 
  much. The after part of this day verry warm. Capt Lewis Still Sick but 
  able to walk about a little. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0932-1805-10-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 5th Saturday 1805 a Cool morning wind from the East, Collected all 
  our horses, & Branded them 38 in No# and delivered them to the men who 
  were to take Charge of them, each of which I gave a Knife & one a 
  wampom Shell gorget, The Lattd. of this place the mean of 2 observations 
  is 46° 34' 56.3" North. nothing to eate but dried roots & Dried fish, 
  Capt Lewis & my Self eate a Supper of roots boiled, which filled us So 
  full of wind, that we were Scercely able to Breathe all night felt the 
  effects of it. Lanced 2 Canoes to day one proved a little leakey the other 
  a verry good one 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0933-1805-10-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 5th Saty 1805 Wind Easterley and Cool, had all our horses 38 in 
  number Collected and branded Cut off their fore top and delivered them to 
  the 2 brothers and one Son of one of the Chiefs who intends to accompany 
  us down the river to each of those men I gave a Knife & Some Small 
  articles &c# they promised to be attentive to our horses untill we 
  Should return. 
  = 
  Lattitude of this place from the mean of two observations is 46° 34' 56.3" 
  North 
  = 
  Nothing to eate except dried fish & roots. Capt Lewis & myself 
  eate a Supper of roots boiled, which Swelled us in Such a manner that we 
  were Scercely able to breath for Several hours ¬ finished and lanced 2 
  of our Canoes this evening which proved to be verry good our hunters with 
  every diligence Could kill nothing. The hills high and ruged and woods too 
  dry to hunt the deer which is the only game in our neighbourhood. Several 
  Squars Came with Fish and roots which we purchased of them for Beeds, 
  which they were fond of ¬ Capt Lewis not So well to day as yesterday 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0934-1805-10-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 6th Sunday 1805 A Col Easterley wind which Spring up in the latter 
  part of the night and Continues untill about 7 or 8 oClock A#M# had all 
  our Saddles Collected a whole dug and in the night buried them, also a 
  Canister of powder and a bag of Balls at the place the Canoe which Shields 
  made was cut from the body of the tree ¬ The Saddles were buried on 
  the Side of a bend about 1/2 a mile below ¬ all the Canoes finished 
  this evening ready to be put into the water. I am taken verry unwell with 
  a paine in the bowels & Stomach, which is certainly the effects of my 
  diet ¬ which last all night. 
  = 
  The winds blow cold from a little before day untill the Suns gets to Some 
  hight from the Mountans East as they did from the mountans at the time we 
  lay at the falls of Missouri from the West The river below this forks is 
  Called Kos kos keel it is Clear rapid with Shoals or Swift places The open 
  Countrey Commences a fiew miles below This on each side of the river, on 
  the Lard Side below the 1st Creek. with a few trees Scattered near the 
  river. passd maney bad rapids, one Canoe that in which I went in front 
  Sprung a Leak in passing the 3rd rapid 
  = 
  Set out at 3 oClock P M & proceeded on 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0935-1805-10-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 7th Monday 1805 I continu verry unwell but obliged to attend every 
  thing all the Canoes put into the water and loaded, fixed our Canoes as 
  well as possible and Set out as we were about to Set out we missd. both of 
  the Chiefs who promised to accompany us; I also missed my Pipe Tomahawk 
  which Could not be found. 
  = 
  The after part of the day Cloudy proceded on passed 10 rapids which wer 
  danjerous the Canoe in which I was Struck a rock and Sprung a leak in the 
  3rd rapid, we proceeded on 20 miles and Encamped on a Stard point oppost a 
  run. passed a Creek Small on the Lard# Side at 9 miles, a Short distanc 
  from the river at 2 feet 4 Inches N# of a dead toped pine Treee had burid 
  2 Lead Canisters of Powder 
  = 
  Had the Canoes unloaded examined and mended a Small leake which we 
  discovered in a thin place in her Side passed Several Camps of Indians to 
  day our Course and distance Shall be given after I get to the forks. &c#which 
  the Indians Say is the last of the bad water untill we get to the great 
  falls 10 day below, where the white people live &c# The Lodges are of 
  Sticks set in a form of roof of a house & covered with mats and Straw 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0936-1805-10-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  8th Octr# 1805 Tuesday a cloudy morning Changed Canoes and buried 2 Lead 
  canisters of Powder 2 foot 4 In. North of a dead toped pine opposit our 
  Camp & opposit the mouth of a run after repareing leaks in the Canoes 
  Sprung Coming over the rapids yesterday Set out at 9 oClock 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0937-1805-10-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 8th Tuesday 1805 A Cloudy morning loaded our Canoes which was 
  unloaded last night and Set out at 9 oClock passed 15 rapids four Islands 
  and a Creek on the Stard Side at 16 miles just below which one canoe in 
  which Serjt# Gass was Stearing and was nearle turning over, She Sprung a 
  leak or Split open on one Side and Bottom filled with water & Sunk on 
  the rapid, the men, Several of which Could not Swim hung on to the Canoe, 
  I had one of the other Canoes unloaded & with the assistance of our 
  Small Canoe and one Indian Canoe took out every thing & toed the empty 
  Canoe on Shore, one man Tompson a little hurt, every thing wet 
  perticularly the greater part of our Small Stock of merchindize, had every 
  thing opened, and two Sentinals put over them to keep off the Indians, who 
  are enclined to theave haveing Stole Several Small articles those people 
  appeared disposed to give us every assistance in their power dureing our 
  distress ¬ We passed Several Encampments of Indians on the Islands and 
  those near the rapids in which places they took the Salmon, at one of 
  Those Camps we found our two Chiefs who had promised to accompany us, we 
  took them on board after the Serimony of Smokeing 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0938-1805-10-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Octo. 9th all day drying our roots good & articles which got wet in 
  the Canoe last night. our 2 Snake Indian guides left us without our 
  knowledge, The Indians troublesom Stole my Spoon which they returned. men 
  merry at night & Singular acts of a Ind# woman 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0939-1805-10-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 9th Wednesday 1805 The morning Cool as usial the greater part of 
  the day proved to be Cloudy, which was unfavourable for drying our things 
  &c# which got wet yesterday. In examoning our canoe found that by 
  putting Knees & Strong peces pined to her Sides and bottom &c# She 
  Could be made fit for Service in by the time the goods dried, Set 4 men to 
  work at her, Serjt# Pryor & Gass, Jo Fields & Gibson, others to 
  Collect rosin, at 1 oClock She was finished Stronger than ever The wet 
  articles not Sufficiently dried to pack up obliged us to delay another 
  night dureing the time one man was tradeing for fish for our voyage, at 
  Dark we were informed that our old guide & his Son had left us and had 
  been Seen running up the river Several miles above, we Could not account 
  for the Cause of his leaveing us at this time, without receiving his pay 
  for the Services he had rendered us, or letting us know anything of his 
  intention. 
  = 
  we requested the Chief to Send a horseman after our old guide to come back 
  and recive his pay &c# which he advised us not to do as his nation 
  would take his things from him before he passed their camps The Indians 
  and our party were very mery this after noon a woman faind madness &c# 
  &c# Singular acts of this woman in giveing in Small potions all She 
  had & if they were not received She would Scarrify her Self in a horid 
  manner &c# Capt Lewis recovring fast. 
  = 
  a verry worm day, Indians continue all day on the banks to view us as low 
  as the forks. Two Indians come up in a Canoe, who means to accompany us to 
  the Great rapids, Could get no observations, worm night The water of the 
  South fork is of a bluish green colour 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0940-1805-10-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 10th Wednesday Thursday a fine Morning loaded and Set out at 7 
  oClock at 21/2 miles passed a run on the Stard# Side haveing passed 2 
  Islands and two bad rapids at 3 miles lower passed a Creek on the Lard# 
  with wide Cotton willow bottoms haveing passed an Island and a rapid an 
  Indian Camp of three Lodgs below the Creek at 81/2 miles lower we arrived 
  at the heade of a verry bad riffle at which place we landed near 8 Lodges 
  of Indians on the Lard Side to view the riffle, haveing passed two Islands 
  & Six rapids Several of them verry bad ¬ after view'g this riffle two 
  Canoes were taken over verry well; the third Stuck on a rock which took us 
  an hour to get her off which was effected without her receving a greater 
  injurey than a Small Split in her Side which was repared in a Short time, 
  we purchased fish & dogs of those people, dined and proceeded on ¬  here 
  we met with an Indian from the falls at which place he Sais he Saw white 
  people, and expressd an inclination to accompany us, we passd# a fiew 
  miles above this riffle 2 Lodges and an Indian batheing in a hot bath made 
  by hot Stones thrown into a pon of water. at this riffle which we Call 
  ragid rapid took meridian altitude of the Suns upper Limb with Sextt. 74° 
  26' 0" Latd# produced  ¿¿  North at five miles lower and Sixty miles below 
  the forks arived at a large Southerly fork which is the one we were on 
  with the Snake or So~So~nee nation (haveing passed 5 rapids) This South 
  fork or Lewis's River which has two forks which fall into it on the South 
  the ist Small the upper large and about 2 days march up imediately 
  parrelal to the first villages we Came to and is called by those Indians 
  Par~nash~te on this fork a little above its mouth resides a Chief who as 
  the Indian Say has more horses than he can Count and further Sayeth that 
  Louises River is navagable about 60 miles up with maney rapids at which 
  places the Indians have fishing Camps and Lodjes built of an oblong form 
  with flat ruffs. below the 1st river on the South Side there is ten 
  established fishing places on the 1st fork which fall in on the South Side 
  is one fishing place, between that and the Par nash to River, five fishing 
  places, above two, and one on that river all of the Cho~pun~nish or 
  Pierced Nose Nation many other Indians reside high up those rivers The 
  Countrey about the forks is an open Plain on either Side I can observe at 
  a distance on the lower Stard# Side a high ridge of Thinly timbered 
  Countrey the water of the South fork ¬ is a greenish blue, the north as 
  clear as cristial 
  = 
  Imediately in the point is an Indian Cabin & in the South fork a Small 
  Island, we came to on the Stard# Side below with a view to make some luner 
  observations the night proved Cloudy and we were disapointed The Indians 
  Came down all the Couses of this river on each Side on horses to view us 
  as we were desending, ¬ The man whome we saw at the ruged rapid and 
  expressed an inclination to accompany us to the great rapids, came up with 
  his Son in a Small Canoe and procisted in his intentions ¬  worthey of 
  remark that not one Stick of timber on the river near the forks and but a 
  fiew trees for a great distance up the River we decended I think Lewis's 
  River is about 250 yards wide, the Koos koos ke River about 150 yards wide 
  and the river below the forks about 300 yards wide. a miss understanding 
  took place between Shabono one of our interpreters, and Jo# & R Fields 
  which appears to have originated in just ¬ our diet extremely bad 
  haveing nothing but roots and dried fish to eate, all the Party have 
  greatly the advantage of me, in as much as they all relish the flesh of 
  the dogs, Several of which we purchased of the nativs for to add to our 
  Store of fish and roots &c# &c# ¬  
  = 
  The Cho~pun~nish or Pierced nose Indians are Stout likeley men, handsom 
  women, and verry dressey in their way, the dress of the men are a white 
  Buffalow robe or Elk Skin dressed with Beeds which are generally white, 
  Sea Shells~i e the Mother of Pirl hung to ther hair & on a pice of 
  otter Skin about their necks hair Cewed in two parsels hanging forward 
  over their Sholders, feathers, and different Coloured Paints which they 
  find in their Countrey Generally white, Green & light Blue. Some fiew 
  were a Shirt of Dressed Skins and long legins, & Mockersons Painted, 
  which appears to be their winters dress, with a plat of twisted grass 
  about their necks. 
  = 
  The women dress in a Shirt of Ibex, or Goat Skins which reach quite down 
  to their anckles with a girdle, their heads are not ornemented, their 
  Shirts are ornemented with quilled Brass, Small peces of Brass Cut into 
  different forms, Beeds, Shells & curios bones &c# The men expose 
  those parts which are generally kept from view by other nations but the 
  women are more perticular than any other nation which I have passed in 
  Screting the parts 
  = 
  Their amusements appear but fiew as their Situation requires the utmost 
  exertion to prcure food they are generally employed in that pursute, all 
  the Summer & fall fishing for the Salmon, the winter hunting the deer 
  on Snow Shoes in the plains and takeing care of ther emence numbers of 
  horses, & in the Spring cross the mountains to the Missouri to get 
  Buffalow robes and meet &c# at which time they frequent meet with 
  their enemies & lose their horses & maney of ther people 
  = 
  Ther disorders are but fiew and those fiew of a Scofelous nature. they 
  make great use of Swetting. The hot and cold baethes, They are verry 
  Selfish and Stingey of what they have to eate or ware, and they expect in 
  return Something for everything give as presents or the Survices which 
  they doe let it be however Small, and fail to make those returns on their 
  part. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0941-1805-10-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 11th 1805 a cloudy morning wind from the East We Set out early and 
  proceeded on passed a rapid at two miles, at 6 miles we came too at Some 
  Indian lodges and took brackfast, we purchased all the fish we could and 
  Seven dogs of those people for Stores of Provisions down the river. at 
  this place I saw a curious Swet house under ground, with a Small whole at 
  top to pass in or throw in the hot Stones, which those in threw on as much 
  water as to create the temporature of heat they wished ¬ at 9 mile 
  passed a rapid at 15 miles halted at an Indian Lodge, to purchase 
  provisions of which we precred some of the Pash~he~quar roots five dogs 
  and a few fish dried, after takeing Some dinner of dog &c we proceeded 
  on. Came to and encamped at 2 Indian Lodges at a great place of fishing 
  here we met an Indian of a nation near the mouth of this river. 
  = 
  we purchased three dogs and a fiew fish of those Indians, we Passed today 
  nine rapids all of then great fishing places, at different places on the 
  river saw Indian houses and Slabs & Spilt timber raised from the 
  ground being the different parts of the houses of the natives when they 
  reside on this river for the purpose of fishing at this time they are out 
  in the Plain on each side of the river hunting the antilope as we are 
  informed by our Chiefs, near each of those houses we observe Grave yards 
  picketed, or pieces of wood stuck in permiscuesly over the grave or body 
  which is Covered with earth, The Country on either Side is an open plain 
  leavel & fertile after assending a Steep assent of about 200 feet not 
  a tree of any kind to be Seen on the river The after part of the day the 
  wind from the S# W# and hard. The day worm. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0942-1805-10-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 12th 1805 Saturday a fair cool morning wind from E after 
  purchasing all the drid fish those people would Spear from their hole in 
  which they wer buried we Set out at 7 oClock and proceeded on 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0943-1805-10-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 12th Saturday 1805 A fair Cool morning wind from the East. after 
  purchaseing every Speces of the provisions those Indians could Spare we 
  Set out and proceeded on at three miles passed four Islands Swift water 
  and a bad rapid opposit to those Islands on the Lard# Side. at 141/2 miles 
  passed the mouth of a large Creek on the Lard Side opposit a Small Island 
  here the Countrey assends with a gentle assent to the high plains, and the 
  River is 400 yards wide about 1 mile below the Creek on the Same Side took 
  meridian altitude which gave 72° 30' 00" Latitude produced  ¿¿  North in 
  the afternoon the wind Shifted to the S# W# and blew hard we passed to day 
   ¿¿  rapids Several of them very bad and came to at the head of one (at 30 
  miles) on the Stard# Side to view it before we attemptd. to dsend through 
  it. The Indians had told us was verry bad ¬ we found long and 
  dangerous about 2 miles in length, and maney turns necessary to Stear 
  Clare of the rocks, which appeared to be in every direction. The Indians 
  went through & our Small Canoe followed them, as it was late we 
  deturmined to camp above untill the morning. we passed Several Stoney 
  Islands today Country as yesterday open plains, no timber of any kind a 
  fiew Hack berry bushes & willows excepted, and but few drift trees to 
  be found So that fire wood is verry Scerce ¬ The hills or assents from 
  the water is faced with a dark ruged Stone. The wind blew hard this 
  evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0944-1805-10-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 13th Sunday 1805 rained a little before day, and all the morning, 
  a hard wind from the S West untill 9 oClock, the rained Seased & wind 
  luled, and Capt Lewis with two Canoes Set out & passed down the rapid 
  The others Soon followed and we passed over this bad rapid Safe. We Should 
  make more portages if the Season was not So far advanced and time precious 
  with us 
  = 
  The wife of Shabono our interpetr we find reconsiles all the Indians, as 
  to our friendly intentions a woman with a party of men is a token of peace 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0945-1805-10-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 13th Sunday 1805 a windey dark raney morning The rain commenced 
  before day and Continued moderately until) near 12 oClock ¬ we took 
  all our Canoes through This rapid without any injurey. a little below 
  passed through another bad rapid at  ¿¿  miles passed the Mo# of a large 
  Creek little river in a Stard# bend, imediately below a long bad rapid; in 
  which the water is Confined in a Chanel of about 20 yards between rugid 
  rocks for the distance of a mile and a half and a rapid rockey Chanel for 
  2 miles above. This must be a verry bad place in high water, here is great 
  fishing place, the timbers of Several houses piled up, and a number of 
  wholes of fish, and the bottom appears to have been made use of as a place 
  of deposit for their fish for ages past, here two Indians from the upper 
  foks over took us and continued on down on horse back, two others were at 
  this mouth of the Creek ¬ we passed a rapid about 9 mile lower. at 
  dusk came to on the Std# Side & Encamped. The two Inds# on horse back 
  Stayed with us. The Countery Thro which we passed to day is Simlar to that 
  of yesterday open plain no timber passed Several houses evacuated at 
  established fishing places, wind hard from The S# W# in the evening and 
  not very cold 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0946-1805-10-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 14th Monday 1805 a verry Cool morning wind from the West Set out 
  at 8 oClock proceeded on 
  = 
  at this rapid the Canoe a Stern Steared by drewyer Struck a rock turned 
  the men got out on a rock the Stern of the Canoe took in water and She 
  Sunk the men on the rock hel her, a number of articles floated all that 
  Could be Cought were taken by 2 of the othr Canoes, Great many articles 
  lost among other things 2 of the mens beding Shot pouches Tomahaws &c# 
  &c# and every article wet of which we have great Cause to lament as 
  all our loose Powder two Canisters, all our roots prepared in the Indian 
  way, and one half of our goods, fortunately the lead canisters which was 
  in the canoe was tied down, otherwise they must have been lost as the 
  Canoe turned over we got off the men from the rock toed our canoe on Shore 
  after takeing out all the Stores &c# we Could & put them out to 
  dry on the Island on which we found Some wood which was covered with 
  Stones, this is the Parts of an Indian house, which we used for fire wood, 
  by the wish of our two Chiefs ¬ Those Chees, one of them was in the 
  Canoe, Swam in & Saved Some property, The Inds# have buried fish on 
  this Isld# which we are Cautious not to touch. our Small Canoe & three 
  Indians in another was out of Sight at the time our missfortune hapined, 
  and did not join us. wind hard S W# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0947-1805-10-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 14th Monday 1805 a Verry Cold morning wind from the West and Cool 
  untill about 12 oClock When it Shifted to the S# W# at 21/2 miles passed a 
  remarkable rock verry large and resembling the hull of a Ship Situated on 
  a Lard point at Some distance from the assending Countrey passed rapids at 
  6 and 9 miles. at 12 miles we Came too at the head of a rapid which the 
  Indians told me was verry bad, we viewed the rapid found it bad in 
  decending three Stern Canoes Stuk fast for Some time on the head of the 
  rapid and one Struk a rock in the worst part, fortunately all landed Safe 
  below the rapid which was nearly 3 miles in length. here we dined, and for 
  the first time for three weeks past I had a good dinner of Blue wing Teel, 
  after dinner we Set out and had not proceded on two miles before our Stern 
  Canoe in passing thro a Short rapid opposit the head of an Island, run on 
  a Smoth rock and turned broad Side, the men got out on the rock all except 
  one of our Indian Chiefs who Swam on Shore, The Canoe filed and Sunk a 
  number of articles floated out, Such as the mens bedding clothes & 
  Skins, the Lodge &c# &c# the greater part of which were cought by 
  2 of the Canoes, whilst a 3rd was unloading & Steming the Swift 
  Current to the relief of the men on the rock who could with much 
  dificuelty hold the Canoe. however in about an hour we got the men an 
  Canoe to Shore with the Loss of Some bedding Tomahaws Shot pouches Skins 
  Clothes &c &c# all wet we had every articles exposed to the Sun to 
  dry on the Island, our loss in provisions is verry Considerable all our 
  roots was in the Canoe that Sunk, and Cannot be dried Sufficint to Save, 
  our loose powder was also in the Canoe and is all wett This I think, we 
  Shall saved. In this Island we found some Split timber the parts of 
  a house which the Indians had verry Securely covered with Stone, we also 
  observed a place where the Indians had buried there fish, we have made it 
  a point at all times not to take any thing belonging to the Indians even 
  their wood. but at this time we are Compelled to violate that rule and 
  take a part of the Split timber we find here bured for fire wood, as no 
  other is to be found in any direction. our Small Canoe which was a head 
  returned at night with 2 ores which they found floating below. The wind 
  this after noon from the S# W# as usial and hard way of the forks to the 
  Indian Camps at the first were not one mouthfull to eate untill night as 
  our hunters could kill nothing and I could See & catch no fish except 
  a few Small ones. The Indians gave us 2 Sammon boiled which I gave to the 
  men, one of my men Shot a Sammon in the river about Sunset those fish gave 
  us a Supper. all the Camp flocked about me untill I went to Sleep ¬ and 
  I beleve if they had a Sufficency to eate themselves and any to Spare they 
  would be liberal of it I detected the men to mend their Mockessons to 
  night and turn out in the morning early to hunt Deer fish birds &c# 
  &c# Saw great numbers of the large Black grass hopper. Some bars which 
  were verry wild, but few Birds. a number of ground Lizards; Some fiew 
  Pigions plainly See a rainge of mountains which bore S# E# & N# W# the 
  nearest point south about 60 miles, and becoms high toward the N# W# The 
  plaines on each Side is wavering. Labiesh killed 2 gees & 2 Ducks of 
  the large kind. at two oClock we loaded & Set out, our Powder & 
  Provisions of roots not Sufficently dry. we Shall put them out at the 
  forks or mouth of this river which is at no great distance, and at which 
  place we Shall delay to make Some Selestial observations &c# passed 
  Eleven Island and Seven rapids to day. Several of the rapids verry bad and 
  dificuelt to pass. The Islands of different Sizes and all of round Stone 
  and Sand, no timber of any kind in Sight of the river, a fiew Small 
  willows excepted; in the evening the countrey becomes lower not exceding 
  90 or 100 feet above the water and back is a wavering Plain on each Side, 
  passed thro narrows for 3 miles where the Clifts of rocks juted to the 
  river on each Side compressing the water of the river through a narrow 
  chanel; below which it widens into a kind of bason nearly round without 
  any proceptiable current, at the lower part of this bason is a bad 
  dificuelt and dangerous rapid to pass, at the upper part of this rapid we 
  over took the three Indians who had Polited us thro the rapids from the 
  forks. those people with our 2 Chiefs had proceeded on to this place where 
  they thought proper to delay for us to warn us of the difficulties of this 
  rapid. we landed at a parcel of Split timber, the timber of a house of 
  Indians out hunting the Antilope in the plains; and raised on Scaffolds to 
  Save them from the Spring floods. here we were obliged for the first time 
  to take the property of the Indians without the consent or approbation of 
  the owner. the night was cold & we made use of a part of those boards 
  and Split logs for fire wood. Killed two teel this evening. Examined the 
  rapids which we found more dificuelt to pass than we expected from the 
  Indians information. a Suckcession of Sholes, appears to reach from bank 
  to bank for 3 miles which was also intersepted with large rocks Sticking 
  up in every direction, and the chanel through which we must pass crooked 
  and narrow. we only made 20 miles today, owing to the detention in passing 
  rapids &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0948-1805-10-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Oar. 16th 1805 Wednesday a cool morning Set out early passed the rapid 
  with all the Canoes except Sgt# Pryors which run on a rock near the lower 
  part of the rapid and Stuck fast, by the assistance of the 3 other Canoes 
  She was unloaded and got off the rock without any further injorey than, 
  the wetting the greater part of her loading ¬ loaded and proceeded on 
  I walked around this rapid 
  = 
  We halted a Short time above the Point and Smoked with the Indians, & 
  examined the Point and best place for our Camp, we Camped on the Columbia 
  River a little above the point I Saw about 200 men Comeing down from their 
  villages & were turned back by the Chief, after we built our fires of 
  what wood we Could Collect, & get from the Indians, the Chief brought 
  down all his men Singing and dancing as they Came, formed a ring and 
  danced for Some time around us we gave them a Smoke, and they returned the 
  village a little above, the Chief & Several delay untill I went to 
  bead. bought 7 dogs & they gave us Several fresh Salmon & Som 
  horse dried 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0949-1805-10-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 16th Wednesday 1805 A cool morning deturmined to run the rapids, 
  put our Indian guide in front our Small Canoe next and the other four 
  following each other, the canoes all passed over Safe except the rear 
  Canoe which run fast on a rock at the lower part of the Rapids, with the 
  early assistance of the other Canoes & the Indians, who was extreamly 
  ellert every thing was taken out and the Canoe got off without any enjorie 
  further than the articles which it was loaded all wet. at 14 miles passed 
  a bad rapid at which place we unloaded and made a portage of 3/4 of a 
  mile, haveing passd# 4 Smaller rapids, three Islands and the parts of a 
  house above, I Saw Indians & Horses on the South Side below. five 
  Indians came up the river in great haste, we Smoked with them and gave 
  them a piece of tobacco to Smoke with their people and Sent them back, 
  they Set out in a run & continued to go as fast as They Could run as 
  far as we Could See them. after getting Safely over the rapid and haveing 
  taken Diner Set out and proceeded on Seven miles to the junction of this 
  river and the Columbia which joins from the N# W# passd# a rapid two 
  Islands and a graveley bare, and imediately in the mouth a rapid above an 
  Island. In every direction from the junction of those rivers the Countrey 
  is one Continued plain low and rises from the water gradually, except a 
  range of high Countrey which runs from S# W & N E and is on the 
  opposit Side about 2 miles distant from the Collumbia and keeping its 
  detection S W untill it joins a S W# range of mountains. 
  = 
  We halted above the point on the river Kimooenim to Smoke with the Indians 
  who had collected there in great numbers to view us, here we met our 2 
  Chiefs who left us two days ago and proceeded on to this place to inform 
  those bands of our approach and friendly intentions towards all nations 
  &c# we also met the 2 men who had passed us Several days ago on hors 
  back, one of them we observed was a man of great influence with those 
  Indians, harranged them; after Smokeing with the Indians who had collected 
  to view us we formed a camp at the point near which place I Saw a fiew 
  pieces of Drift wood after we had our camp fixed and fires made, a Chief 
  came from their Camp which was about 1/4 of a mile up the Columbia river 
  at the head of about 200 men Singing and beeting on their drums Stick and 
  keeping time to the musik, they formed a half circle around us and Sung 
  for Some time, we gave them all Smoke, and Spoke to their Chiefs as well 
  as we could by Signs informing them of our friendly disposition to all 
  nations, and our joy in Seeing those of our Children around us, Gave the 
  principal chief a large Medal Shirt and Handkf. a 2nd Chief a Meadel of 
  Small Size, and to the Cheif who came down from the upper villages a Small 
  Medal & Handkerchief. 
  = 
  The Chiefs then returned with the men to their camp; Soon after we 
  purchased for our Provisions Seven Dogs, Some fiew of those people made us 
  presents of fish and Several returned and delayed with us untill bedtime ¬ The 
  2 old Chiefs who accompanied us from the head of the river precured us 
  Some full Such as the Stalks of weed or plant and willow bushes ¬ one 
  man made me a present of a about 20 lb# of verry fat Dried horse meat. 
  = 
  Great quantities of a kind of prickley pares, much worst than any I have 
  before Seen of a tapering form and attach themselves by bunches. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0950-1805-10-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 17th Thursday 1805 Forks of Columbia This morning after the Luner 
  observations, the old chief came down, and Several men with dogs to Sell 
  & womin with fish &c# the Dogs we purchased the fish not good. 
  = 
  I took 2 men and Set out in a Small Canoe with a view to go as high up the 
  Columbia river as the 1st forks which the Indians made Signs was but a 
  Short distance, I set out at 2 oClock firs course was N# 83° W 6 miles to 
  the lower point of a Island on the Lard# Side, passed an Island in the 
  middle of the river at 5 miles, at the head of which is a rapid not bad at 
  this rapid 3 Lodges of mats on the Lard emenc quantites of dried fish, 
  then West 4 miles to the Lower point of an Island on the Stard# Side, 2 
  lodges of Indians large and built of mats ¬  passed 3 verry large mat lodges 
  at 2 mile on the Stard Side large Scaffols of fish drying at every lodge, 
  and piles of Salmon lying. the Squars engaged prepareing them for the 
  Scaffol ¬ a Squar gave me a dried Salmon from those lodes on the 
  Island an Indian Showed me the mouth of the river which falls in below a 
  high hill on the Lard# N# 80° W# 8 miles from the Island. The river 
  bending Lard# ¬ This river is remarkably Clear and Crouded with Salmon 
  in maney places, I observe in assending great numbers of Salmon dead on 
  the Shores, floating on the water and in the Bottoms which can be seen at 
  the debth of 20 feet. the Cause of the emence numbers of dead Salmon I 
  can't account for So it is I must have seen 3 or 400 dead and maney living 
  the Indians, I believe make use of the fish which is not long dead as, I 
  Struck one nearly dead and left him floating, Some Indians in a canoe 
  behind took the fish on board his canoe 
  = 
  The bottoms on the South Side as high as the Tarcouche tesse is from 1 to 
  2 miles wide, back of the bottoms rises to hilly countrey, the Plain is 
  low on the North & Easte for a great distance no wood to be Seen in 
  any direction. 
  = 
  The Tarcouche tesse bears South of West, the Columbia N W above range of 
  hills on the West Parrelel a range of mountains to the East which appears 
  to run nearly North & South distance not more than 50 miles ¬ I 
  returned to the point at Dusk followed by three canoes of Indians 20 in 
  number ¬ I killed a Fowl of the Pheasent kind as large as a turkey. 
  The length from his Beeck to the end of its tail 2 feet 6 ¬ 3/4 
  Inches, from the extremity of its wings across 3 feet 6 Inches. the tail 
  feathers 13 Inches long, feeds on grass hoppers, and the Seed of wild 
  Isoop 6 
  = 
  Those Indians are orderly, badly dressed in the Same fashions of those 
  above except the women who wore Short Shirts and a flap over them 22 
  Fishing houses of Mats robes of Deer, Goat & Beaver. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0951-1805-10-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 17th Thursday 1805 A fair morning made the above observations 
  during which time the principal Chief came down with Several of his 
  principal men and Smoked with us. Several men and woman offered Dogs and 
  fish to Sell, we purchased all the dogs we could, the fish being out of 
  Season and dieing in great numbers in the river, we did not think proper 
  to use them, Send out Hunters to Shute the Prarie Cock a large fowl which 
  I have only Seen on this river; Several of which I have killed, they are 
  the Size of a Small turkey, of the pheasant kind, one I killed on the 
  water edge to day measured from the Beek to the end of the toe 2 feet 6 
  & 3/4 Inches; from the extremities of its wings 3 feet 6 inches; the 
  tale feathers is 13 inches long; they feed on grasshoppers and the Seed of 
  the wild plant which is also peculiar to this river and the upper parts of 
  the Missoury somewhat resembling the whins. Capt# Lewis took a vocabelary 
  of the Language of those people who call themselves So hulk, and also one 
  of the language of a nation resideing on a Westerly fork of the Columbia 
  which mouthes a fiew miles above this place who Call themselves Chim na 
  pum Some fiew of this nation reside with the So kulks nation, Their 
  language differ but little from either the Sokulks or the Cho~pun~nish (or 
  pierced nose) nation which inhabit the Koskoskia river and Lewis's R#
  below. 
  = 
  I took two men in a Small Canoe and assended the Columbia river 10 miles 
  to an Island near the Stard# Shore on which two large Mat Lodges of 
  Indians were drying Salmon, (as they informed me by Signs for the purpose 
  of food and fuel, & I do not think at all improbable that those people 
  make use of Dried fish as fuel,) The number of dead Salmon on the Shores 
  & floating in the river is incrediable to Say and at this Season they 
  have only to collect the fish Split them open and dry them on their 
  Scaffolds on which they have great numbers, how far they have to raft 
  their timber they make their Scaffolds of I could not lern; but there is 
  no timber of any Sort except Small willow bushes in Sight in any 
  directionfrom this Island the natives showed me the enterance of a large 
  Westerly fork which they Call Tapetett at about 8 miles distant, the 
  evening being late I deturmined to return to the forks, at which place I 
  reached at Dark. from the point up the Columbia River is N# 83° W# 6 miles 
  to the lower point of an Island near the Lard# Side passed a Island in the 
  middle of the river at 5 miles at the head of which is a rapid, not 
  dangerous on the Lard Side opposit to this rapid is a fishing place 3 Mat 
  Lodges, and great quants. of Salmon on Scaffolds drying. Saw great numhers 
  of Dead Salmon on the Shores and floating in the water, great numbers of 
  Indians on the banks viewing me and 18 canoes accompanied me from the 
  point ¬ The Waters of this river is Clear, and a Salmon may be Seen at 
  the deabth of 15 or 20 feet. West 4 miles to the lower point of a large 
  Island near the Stard# Side at 2 Lodges, passed three large lodges on the 
  Stard Side near which great number of Salmon was drying on Scaffolds one 
  of those Mat lodges I entered found it crouded with men women and children 
  and near the enterance of those houses I saw maney Squars engaged 
  Splitting and drying Salmon. I was furnished with a mat to Sit on, and one 
  man Set about prepareing me Something to eate, first he brought in a piece 
  of a Drift log of pine and with a wedge of the elks horn, and a malet of 
  Stone curioesly Carved he Split the log into Small pieces and lay'd it 
  open on the fire on which he put round Stones, a woman handed him a basket 
  of water and a large Salmon about half Dried, when the Stones were hot he 
  put them into the basket of water with the fish which was Soon Suflicently 
  boiled for use. it was then taken out put on a platter of rushes neetly 
  made, and Set before me they boiled a Salmon for each of the men with me, 
  dureing those preperations, I Smoked with those about me who Chose to 
  Smoke which was but fiew, this being a custom those people are but little 
  accustomed to and only Smok thro form. after eateing the boiled fish which 
  was delicious, I Set out & halted or came too on the Island at the two 
  Lodges. Several fish was given to me, in return for Which I gave Small 
  pieces of ribbond from those Lodges the natives Showed me the mouth of Tap 
  teel River about 8 miles above on the west Side this western fork appears 
  to beare nearly West, The main Columbia river N W# ¬ a range of high 
  land to the S W and parralal to the river and at the distance of 2 miles 
  on the Lard# Side, the countrey low on the Stard# Side, and all Coverd. 
  with a weed or plant about 2 & three feet high and resembles the 
  whins. I can proceive a range of mountains to the East which appears to 
  bare N# & South distant about 50 or 60 miles. no wood to be Seen in 
  any derection ¬ On my return I was followd# by 3 canoes in which there 
  was 20 Indians I shot a large Prairie Cock Several Grouse, Ducks and fish. 
  on my return found Great Numbr. of the nativs with Capt Lewis, men all 
  employd in dressing ther Skins mending their clothes and putting ther arms 
  in the best order the latter being always a matter of attention with us. 
  The Dress of those natives differ but little from those on the Koskoskia 
  and Lewis's rivers, except the women who dress verry different in as much 
  as those above ware long leather Shirts which highly ornimented with heeds 
  Shells &c# &c# and those on the main Columbia river only ware a 
  truss or pece of leather tied around them at their hips and drawn tite 
  between ther legs and fastened before So as barly to hide those parts 
  which are So Sacredly hid & Scured by our women. Those women are more 
  inclined to Copulency than any we have yet Seen, with low Stature broad 
  faces, heads flatened and the foward compressed so as to form a Streight 
  line from the nose to the Crown of the head, their eyes are of a Duskey 
  black, their hair of a corse black without orniments of any kind braded as 
  above, The orniments of each Sects are Similar, Such as large blue & 
  white beeds, either pendant from their ears or encircling their necks, or 
  wrists & arms. they also ware bracelets of Brass, Copper & horn, 
  and trinkets of Shells, fish bones and curious feathers. Their garments 
  Consists of a short Shirt of leather and a roabe of the Skins of Deer or 
  the Antilope but fiew of them ware Shirts all have Short robes. Those 
  people appears to live in a State of comparitive happiness; they take a 
  greater Share labor of the woman, than is common among Savage tribes, and 
  as I am informd. Content with one wife (as also those on the Ki moo e nim 
  river) Those people respect the aged with veneration, I observed an old 
  woman in one of the Lodges which I entered She was entirely blind as I was 
  informed by Signs, had lived more than 100 winters, She occupied the best 
  position in the house, and when She Spoke great attention was paid to what 
  She Said. Those people as also those of the flat heads which we had 
  passed on the Koskoske and Lewis's rivers are Subject to Sore eyes, and 
  maney are blind of one and Some of both eyes. this misfortune must be 
  owing to the reflections of the Sun &c# on the waters in which they 
  are continually fishing during the Spring Summer & fall, & the 
  Snows dureing the, winter Seasons, in this open countrey where the eye has 
  no rest. I have observed amongst those, as well in all other tribes which 
  I have passed on these waters who live on fish maney of different Sectes 
  who have lost their teeth about middle age, Some have their teeth worn to 
  the gums, perticelar those of the upper jaws, and the tribes generally 
  have bad teeth the cause of it I cannot account sand attachd. to the roots 
  &c the method they have of useing the dri'd Salmon, which is mearly 
  worming it and eating the rine & Scales with the flesh of the fish, no 
  doubt contributes to it 
  = 
  The Houses or Lodges of the tribes of the main Columbia river is of large 
  mats made of rushes, Those houses are from 15 to 60 feet in length 
  generally of an Oblong Squar form, Suported by poles on forks in the iner 
  Side, Six feet high, the top is covered also with mats leaveing a 
  Seperation in the whole length of about 12 or 15 inches wide, left for the 
  purpose of admitting light and for the Smok of the fire to pass which is 
  made in the middle of the house. The roughfs are nearly flat, which 
  proves to me that rains are not common in this open Countrey 
  = 
  Those people appeare of a mild disposition and friendly disposedThey have 
  in their huts independant of their nets gigs & fishing tackling each 
  bows & large quivers of arrows on which they use flint Spikes. Theire 
  ammusements are Similar to those of the Missouri. they are not beggerley 
  and receive what is given them with much joy. 
  = 
  I saw but flew horses they appeared make but little use of those animals 
  principally useing Canoes for their uses of procureing food &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0952-1805-10-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 18th Friday 1805 a cold morning faire & wind from S E Several 
  Heath hens or large Pheasents lit near us & the men killed Six of 
  them. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  Took one altitude of the Suns upper Limb 28° 22' 15" at h m s 8 1 24 A#M# 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  Several Indian Canoes Come down & joind those with us, made a Second 
  Chief by giveing a meadel & wampom I also gave a String of wampom to 
  the old Chief who came down with us and informed the Indians of our views 
  and intentions in a council 
  = 
  Measured the width of the Columbia River, from the Point across to a Point 
  of view is S 22° W from the Point up the Columa to a Point of view is N# 
  84° W# 148 poles, thence across to the 1st point of view is S 281/2 E 
  = 
  Measured the width of Ki moo e nim River, from the Point across to an 
  object on the opposit side is N# 411/2 E from the Point up the river is N# 
  8 E# 82 poles thence accross to the Point of view is N# 79° East 
  = 
  Distance across the Columbia 9603/4 yds water 
  = 
  Distance across the Ki~moo~e nim 575 yds water 
  = 
  Names of this nation above the mouth of the Ki~moo~e~nim is So~Kulk Perced 
  noses The Names of the nation on the Kimoenim River is Chopun~nish Piercd 
  noses at the Prarie the name of a nation at the Second forks of the Tape 
  tele River, or Nocktock fork Chim~na~pum, Some of which reside with the 
  So~kulkc above this~at and a few miles distance, ¬ 4 men in a Canoe come 
  up from below Stayed a fiew minits and returned. 
  = 
  Took a meridian altitude 68° 57' 30" the Suns upper Limb. The Lattitudes 
  produced is 46° 15' 13 9/10" North, Capt Lewis took a vocabillary of the 
  So kulk or Pierced noses Language and Chim~nd~pum Language whic is in Some 
  words different but orriginally the Same people The Great Chief Cuts~Sa.h 
  nim gave me a Sketch of the rivers & Tribes above on the great river 
  & its waters on which he put great numbers of villages of his nation 
  & friends, as noted on the Sketch 
  = 
  The fish being very bad those which was offerd to us we had every reason 
  to believe was taken up on the Shore dead, we thought proper not to 
  purchase any, we purchased forty dogs for which we gave articles of little 
  value, Such as beeds, bell, & thimbles, of which they appeard verry 
  fond, at 4 OClock we Set out down the Great Columbia accompand by our two 
  old Chiefs, one young man wished to accompany us, but we had no room for 
  more, & he could be of no Service to us 
  = 
  The Great Chief Continued with us untill our departure. 
  = 
  we Encamped a little below & opsd# the lower point of the Island on 
  the Lard# Side no wood to be found we were obliged to make use Small drid 
  willows to Cook ¬ our old Chief informed us that the great Chief of 
  all the nations about lived at the 9 Lodges above and wished us to land 
  &c# he Said he would go up and Call him over they went up and did not 
  return untill late at night, about 20 came down & built a fire above 
  and Stayed all night. The chief brought a basket of mashed berries. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0953-1805-10-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 18th Friday 1805 This morning Cool and fare wind from the S# E# 
  Six of the large Prarie cock killed this morning. Several canoes of 
  Indians Came down and joined those with us, we had a council with those in 
  which we informed of our friendly intentions towards them and all other of 
  our red children; of our wish to make a piece between all of our red 
  Children in this quarter &c# &c# this was conveyed by Signs thro 
  our 2 Chiefs who accompanied us, and was understood, we made a 2d Chief 
  and gave Strings of wompom to them all in remembrance of what we Said ¬ four 
  men in a Canoe came up from a large encampment on an Island in the River 
  about 8 miles below, they delayed but a fiew minits and returned, without 
  Speaking a word to us. 
  = 
  The Great Chief and one of the Chim~na pum nation drew me a Sketch of the 
  Columbia above and the tribes of his nation, living on the bank, and its 
  waters, and the Tape tett river which falls in 18 miles above on the 
  westerly side See Sketch below for the number of villages and nations 
  &c# &c# 
  = 
  We thought it necessary to lay in a Store of Provisions for our voyage, 
  and the fish being out of Season, we purchased forty dogs for which we 
  gave articles of little value, Such as bells, thimbles, knitting pins, 
  brass wire & a few beeds all of which they appeared well Satisfied and 
  pleased. 
  = 
  every thing being arranged we took in our Two Chiefs, and Set out on the 
  great Columbia river, haveing left our guide and the two young men two of 
  them enclined not to proceed on any further, and the 3rd could be of no 
  Service to us as he did not know the river below 
  = 
  Took our leave of the Chiefs and all those about us and proceeded on down 
  the great Columbia river passed a large Island at 8 miles about 3 miles in 
  length, a Island on the Stard# Side the upper point of which is opposit 
  the center of the last mentioned Island and reaches 31/2 miles below the 
  1st# Island and opposit to this near the middle of the river nine Lodges 
  are Situated on the upper point at a rapid which is between the lower 
  point of the 1st Island and upper point of this; great numbers of Indians 
  appeared to be on this Island, and emence quantites of fish Scaffold we 
  landed a few minits to view a rapid which Commenced at the lower point, 
  passd this rapid which was verry bad between 2 Small Islands two Still 
  Smaller near the Lard# Side, at this rapid on the Stard# Side is 2 Lodges 
  of Indians Drying fish, at 21/2 miles lower and 141/2 below the point 
  passed an Island Close under the Stard# Side on which was 2 Lodges of 
  Indians drying fish on Scaffolds as above at 16 miles from the point the 
  river passesinto the range of high Countrey at which place the rocks 
  project into the river from the high clifts which is on the Lard# Side 
  about 2/3 of the way across and those of the Stard Side about the Same 
  distance, the Countrey rises here about 200 feet above The water and is 
  bordered with black rugid rocks, at the Commencement of this high Countrey 
  on Lard Side a Small riverlet falls in which appears to passed under the 
  high County in its whole cose Saw a mountain bearing S# W# Conocal form 
  Covered with Snow. passed 4 Islands, at the upper point of the 3rd is a 
  rapid, on this Island is two Lodges of Indians, drying fish, on the fourth 
  Island Close under the Stard# Side is nine large Lodges of Indians Drying 
  fish on Scaffolds as above at this place we were called to land, as it was 
  near night and no appearance of wood, we proceeded on about 2 miles lower 
  to Some willows, at which place we observed a drift log formed a Camp on 
  the Lard Side under a high hill nearly opposit to five Lodges of Indians; 
  Soon after we landed, our old Chiefs informed us that the large camp above 
  "was the Camp of the 1st Chief of all the tribes in this quarter, and that 
  he had called to us to land and Stay all night with him, that he had 
  plenty of wood for us &" This would have been agreeable to us if it 
  had have been understood perticelarly as we were compelled to Use drid 
  willows for fuel for the purpose of cooking, we requested the old Chiefs 
  to walk up on the Side we had landed and call to the Chief to come down 
  and Stay with us all night which they did; late at night the Chief came 
  down accompanied by 20 men, and formed a Camp a Short distance above, the 
  chief brought with him a large basket of mashed berries which he left at 
  our Lodge as a present. I saw on the main land opposit those Lodges a 
  number of horses feeding, we made 21 miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0954-1805-10-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 19th Saturday, The Great Chief 2d Chief and a Chief of a band 
  below Came and Smoked with us we gave a Meadel a String of Wampom & 
  handkerchef to the Great Chief by name Yel~leppit The 2d Chief we gave a 
  String of wampom, his name is  ¿¿  The 3d who lives below a String of 
  Wampom his name I did not learn. the Chief requested us to Stay untill 12 
  we excused our Selves and Set out at 9 oClock 
  = 
  P# Crusat played on the Violin which pleasd and astonished those reches 
  who are badly Clad, 3/4 with robes not half large enough to cover them, 
  they are homeley high Cheeks, and but fiew orniments. I Suped on the Crane 
  which I killed to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0955-1805-10-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 19th Saturday 1805 The great chief Yel~lep~pit two other chiefs, 
  and a Chief of Band below presented themselves to us verry early this 
  morning. we Smoked with them, enformed them as we had all others above as 
  well as we Could by Signs of our friendly intentions towards our red 
  children Perticular those who opened their ears to our Councils. we gave a 
  Medal, a Handkercheif & a String of Wompom to Yelleppit and a String 
  of wompom to each of the others. Yelleppit is a bold handsom Indian, with 
  a dignified countenance about 35 years of age, about 5 feet 8 inches high 
  and well perpotiond. he requested us to delay untill the Middle of the 
  day, that his people might Come down and See us, we excused our Selves and 
  promised to Stay with him one or 2 days on our return which appeared to 
  Satisfy him; great numbers of Indians Came down in Canoes to view us 
  before we Set out which was not untill 9 oClock A M# we proceeded on 
  passed a Island, close under the Lard Side about Six miles in length 
  opposit to the lower point of which two Isds# are situated on one of which 
  five Lodges vacent & Saffolds drying fish at the upper point of this 
  Island Swift water. a Short distance below passed two Islands; one near 
  the middle of the river on which is Seven lodges of Indians drying fish, 
  at our approach they hid themselves in their Lodges and not one was to be 
  seen untill we passed, they then Came out in greater numbers than is 
  common in Lodges of their Size, it is probable that, the inhabitants of 
  the 5 Lodges above had in a fright left their lodges and decended to this 
  place to defend them Selves if attackted there being a bad rapid opposit 
  the Island thro which we had to pass prevented our landing on this Island 
  and passifying those people, about four miles below this fritened Island 
  we arrived at the head of a verry bad rapid, we came too on the Lard Side 
  to view the rapid before we would venter to run it, as the Chanel appeared 
  to be close under the oppd. Shore, and it would be necessary to liten our 
  canoe, I deturmined to walk down on the Lard Side, with the 2 Chiefs the 
  interpreter & his woman, and derected the Small canoe to prcede down 
  on the Lard Side to the foot of the rapid which was about 2 miles in 
  length I Sent on the Indian Chiefs &c# down and I assended a high 
  clift about 200 feet above the water from the top of which is a leavel 
  plain extending up the river and off for a great extent, at this place the 
  Countrey becoms low on each Side of the river, and affords a prospect of 
  the river and countrey below for great extent both to the right and left; 
  from this place I descovered a high mountain of emence hight covered with 
  Snow, this must be one of the mountains laid down by Vancouver, as Seen 
  from the mouth of the Columbia River, from the Course which it bears which 
  is West I take it to be Mt. St# Helens, destant 156 miles a range of 
  mountains in the Derection crossing, a conacal mountain S# W# toped with 
  Snow This rapid I observed as I passed opposit to it to be verry bad 
  interseped with high rock and Small rockey Islands, here I observed banks 
  of Muscle Shells banked up in the river in Several places, I Delayed at 
  the foot of the rapid about 2 hours for the Canoes which I Could See met 
  with much dificuelty in passing down the rapid on the oposit Side maney 
  places the men were obliged to get into the water and haul the canoes over 
  Sholes ¬ while Setting on a rock wateing for Capt Lewis I Shot a Crain 
  which was flying over of the common kind. I observed a great number of 
  Lodges on the opposit Side at Some distance below and Several Indians on 
  the opposit bank passing up to where Capt# Lewis was with the Canoes, 
  others I Saw on a knob nearly opposit to me at which place they delayed 
  but a Short time before they returned to their Lodges as fast as they 
  could run, I was fearfull that those people might not be informed of us, I 
  deturmined to take the little Canoe which was with me and proceed with the 
  three men in it to the Lodges, on my aproach not one person was to be Seen 
  except three men off in the plains, and they Sheared off as I aproached 
  near the Shore, I landed in front of five Lodges which was at no great 
  distance from each other, Saw no person the enteranc or Dores of the 
  Lodges wer Shut with the Same materials of which they were built a mat, I 
  approached one with a pipe in my hand entered a lodge which was the 
  nearest to me found 32 persons men, women and a few children Setting 
  permiscuesly in the Lodg, in the greatest agutation, Some crying and 
  ringing there hands, others hanging their heads. I gave my hand to them 
  all and made Signs of my friendly dispotion and offered the men my pipe to 
  Smok and distributed a fiew Small articles which I had in my pockets, this 
  measure passified those distressed people verry much, I then Sent one man 
  into each lodge and entered a Second myself the inhabitants of which I 
  found more fritened than those of the first lodge I destributed Sundrey 
  Small articles amongst them, and Smoked with the men, I then entered the 
  third 4h & fifth Lodge which I found Somewhat passified, the three 
  men, Drewer Jo# & R# Fields, haveing useed everey means in their power 
  to convince them of our friendly disposition to them, I then Set my Self 
  on a rock and made Signs to the men to come and Smoke with me not one Come 
  out untill the Canoes arrived with the 2 Chiefs, one of whom spoke aloud, 
  and as was their Custom to all we had passed the Indians came out & 
  Set by me and Smoked They said we came from the clouds &c &c and 
  were not men &c# &c# this time Capt# Lewis came down with the 
  Canoes rear in which the Indian, as Soon as they Saw the Squar wife of the 
  interperters they pointed to her and informed those who continued yet in 
  the Same position I first found them, they imediately all came out and 
  appeared to assume new life, the sight of This Indian woman, wife to one 
  of our interprs. confirmed those people of our friendly intentions, as no 
  woman ever accompanies a war party of Indians in this quarter ¬ Capt 
  Lewis joined us and we Smoked with those people in the greatest 
  friendship, dureing which time one of our Old Chiefs informed them who we 
  were from whence we Came and where we were going giveing them a friendly 
  account of us, those people do not Speak prosisely the Same language of 
  those above but understand them, I Saw Several Horses and persons on hors 
  back in the plains maney of the men womin and children Came up from the 
  Lodges below; all of them appeared pleased to See us, we traded some fiew 
  articles for fish and berries, Dined, and proceeded on passed a Small 
  rapid and 15 Lodges below the five, and Encamped below an Island Close 
  under the Lard Side, nearly opposit to 24 Lodges on an Island near the 
  middle of the river, and the Main Stard Shor Soon after we landed which 
  was at a fiew willow trees about 100 Indians Came from the different 
  Lodges, and a number of them brought wood which they gave us, we Smoked 
  with all of them, and two of our Party Peter Crusat & Gibson played on 
  the violin which delighted them greatly, we gave to the principal man a 
  String of wompon treated them kindly for which they appeared greatfull, 
  This Tribe can raise about 350 men their Dress are Similar to those at the 
  fork except their robes are Smaller and do not reach lower than the waste 
  and 3/4 of them have Scercely any robes at all, the women have only a 
  Small pece of a robe which Covers their Sholders neck and reaching down 
  behind to their wastes, with a tite piece of leather about the waste, the 
  brests are large and hang down verry low illy Shaped, high Cheeks 
  flattened heads, & have but fiew orniments, they are all employed in 
  fishing and drying fish of which they have great quantites on their 
  Scaffolds, their habits customs &c# I could not lern. I killed a Duck 
  that with the Crain afforded us a good Supper. the Indians continued all 
  night at our fires 
  = 
    <h3> 
  This day we made 36 miles. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0956-1805-10-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 20th 1805 Sunday a very cold morning wind S# W# about 100 Indians 
  Came over this morning to See us, after a Smoke, a brackfast on Dogs flesh 
  we Set out. about 350 men 
  = 
  Killed 2 large speckle guts 4 Duck in Malade Small ducks the flavour of 
  which much resembles the Canvis back no timber of any kind on the river, 
  we Saw in the last Lodges acorns of the white oake which the Inds# inform 
  they precure above the falls The men are badly dressed, Some have scarlet 
  & blue cloth robes. one has a Salors jacket, The women have a Short 
  indiferent Shirt, a Short robe of Deer or Goat Skins, & a Small Skin 
  which they fastend. tite around their bodies & fastend. between the 
  legs to hide the 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0957-1805-10-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 20th Sunday 1805 A cool morning wind S# W# we concluded to delay 
  untill after brackfast which we were obliged to make on the flesh of dog. 
  after brackfast we gave all the Indian men Smoke, and we Set out leaveing 
  about 200 of the nativs at our Encampment; passd# three Indian Lodges on 
  the Lard Side a little below our Camp which lodges I did not discover last 
  evening, passed a rapid at Seven miles one at a Short distance below we 
  passed a verry bad rapid, a chane of rocks makeing from the Stard# Side 
  and nearly Chokeing the river up entirely with hugh black rocks, an Island 
  below close under the Stard# Side on which was four Lodges of Indians 
  drying~fish, ¬ here I Saw a great number of pelicons on the wing, and 
  black Comerants. at one oClock we landed on the lower point of an Island 
  at Some Indian Lodges, a large Island on the Stard Side nearly opposit and 
  a Small one a little below on the Lard Side on those three Island I 
  counted Seventeen Indian Lodges, those people are in every respect like 
  those above, prepareing fish for theire winter consumption here we 
  purchased a fiew indifferent Dried fish & a fiew berries on which we 
  dined (On the upper part of this Island we discovered an Indian vault) our 
  curiosity induced us to examine the methot those nativs practicd in 
  diposeing the dead, the Vaut was made by broad poads and pieces of Canoes 
  leaning on a ridge pole which was Suported by 2 forks Set in the ground 
  Six feet in hight in an easterly and westerly direction and about 60 feet 
  in length, and 12 feet wide, in it I observed great numbers of humane 
  bones of every description perticularly in a pile near the Center of the 
  vault, on the East End 21 Scul bomes forming a circle on Mats; in the 
  Westerley part of the Vault appeared to be appropriated for those of more 
  resent death, as many of the bodies of the deceased raped up in leather 
  robes lay on board covered with mats, &c we observed, independant of 
  the canoes which Served as a Covering, fishing nets of various kinds, 
  Baskets of different Sizes, wooden boles, robes Skins, trenchers, and 
  various Kind of trinkets, in and Suspended on the ends of the pieces 
  forming the vault; we also Saw the Skeletons of Several Horses at the 
  vault & great number of bones about it, which Convinced me that those 
  animals were Sacrefised as well as the above articles to the Deceased.) 
  after diner we proceeded on to a bad rapid at the lower point of a Small 
  Island on which four Lodges of Indians were Situated drying fish; here the 
  high countrey Commences again on the Stard# Side leaveing a vallie of 40 
  miles in width, from the mustle Shel rapid. examined and passed this rapid 
  close to the Island at 8 miles lower passed a large Island near the middle 
  of the river a brook on the Stard# Side and 11 Islds# all in view of each 
  other below, a riverlit falls in on the Lard# Side behind a Small Island a 
  Small rapid below. The Star Side is high rugid hills, the Lard# Side a low 
  plain and not a tree to be Seen in any Direction except a fiew Small 
  willow bushes which are Scattered partially on the Sides of the bank 
  = 
  The river to day is about 1/4 of a mile in width; this evening the 
  Countrey on the Lard# Side rises to the hight of that on the Starboard 
  Side, and is wavering ¬ we made 42 miles to day; the current much more 
  uniform than yesterday or the day before. Killed 2 Speckle guls Severl# 
  ducks of a delicious flavour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0958-1805-10-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 21st 1805 Monday a verry Cold morning we Set out early wind from 
  the S W# we Could not Cook brakfast before we embarked as usial for the 
  want of wood or Something to burn. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0959-1805-10-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 21st Monday 1805 A verry cool morning wind from the S# W# we Set 
  out verry early and proceeded on, last night we could not Collect more dry 
  willows the only fuel, than was barely Suffient to cook Supper, and not a 
  Sufficency to cook brackfast this morning, passd# a Small Island at 51/2 
  miles a large one 8 miles in the middle of the river, Some rapid water at 
  the head and Eight Lodges of nativs opposit its Lower point on the Stard# 
  Side, we came too at those lodges, bought some wood and brackfast. Those 
  people recived us with great kindness, and examined us with much 
  attention, their employments custom Dress and appearance Similar to those 
  above; Speak the Same language, here we Saw two Scarlet and a blue cloth 
  blanket, also a Salors Jacket the Dress of the men of this tribe only a 
  Short robe of Deer or Goat Skins, and that of the womn is a Short piece of 
  Dressed Skin which fall from the neck So as to Cover the front of the body 
  as low as the waste, a Short robe, which is of one Deer or antilope Skin, 
  and a Hap, around their waste and Drawn tite between their legs as before 
  described, their orniments are but fiew, and worn as those above. 
  = 
  we got from those people a fiew pounded rotes fish and Acorns of the white 
  oake, those Acorns they make use of as food, and inform us they precure 
  them of the nativs who live near the falls below which place they all 
  discribe by the term Timm at 2 miles lower passed a rapid, large rocks 
  Stringing into the river of large Size opposit to this rapid on the Stard# 
  Shore is Situated two Lodges of the nativs drying fish here we halted a 
  fiew minits to examine the rapid before we entered it which was our 
  constant Custom, and at all that was verry dangerous put out all who could 
  not Swim to walk around, after passing this rapid we proceeded on passed 
  anoothe rapid at 5 miles lower down, above this rapid on five Lodges of 
  Indians fishing &c# above this rapid maney large rocks on each Side at 
  Some distance from Shore, one mile passed an Island Close to the Stard# 
  Side, below which is two Lodge of nativs, a little below is a bad rapid 
  which is bad crouded with hugh rocks Scattered in every Direction which 
  renders the pasage verry Difficuelt a little above this rapid on the Lard# 
  Side emence piles of rocks appears as if Sliped from the Clifts under 
  which they lay, passed great number of rocks in every direction Scattered 
  in the river 5 Lodges a little below on the Stard# Side, and one lodge on 
  an Island near the Stard# Shore opposit to which is a verry bad rapid, 
  thro which we found much dificuelty in passing, the river is Crouded with 
  rocks in every direction, after Passing this dificult rapid to the mouth 
  of a Small river on the Larboard Side 40 yards wide descharges but little 
  water at this time, and appears to take its Sourse in the Open plains to 
  the S# E# from this place I proceved Some fiew Small pines on the tops of 
  the high hills and bushes in the hollars. imediately above & below 
  this little river comences a rapid which is crouded with large rocks in 
  every direction, the pasage both crooked and dificuelt, we halted at a 
  Lodge to examine those noumerous Islands of rock which apd. to extend 
  maney miles below. great numbs# of Indians came in Canoes to View us at 
  this place, after passing this rapid which we accomplished without loss; 
  winding through between the hugh rocks for about 2 miles. (from this 
  rapid the Conocil mountain is S# W# which the Indians inform me is not far 
  to the left of the great falls; this I call the Timm or falls mountain it 
  is high and the top is covered with Snow) imediately below the last rapids 
  there is four Lodges of Indians on the Stard# Side, proceeded on about two 
  miles lower and landed and encamped near five Lodges of nativs, drying 
  fish those are the relations of those at the Great falls, they are pore 
  and have but little wood which they bring up the river from the falls as 
  they Say, we purchased a little wood to cook our Dog meat and fish; those 
  people did not recive us at first with the same cordiality of those above, 
  they appeare to be the Same nation Speak the Same language with a little 
  curruption of maney words Dress and fish in the Same way, all of whome 
  have pierced noses and the men when Dressed ware a long taper'd piece of 
  Shell or beed put through the nose ¬ this part of the river is furnished 
  with fine Springs which either rise high up the Sides of the hills or on 
  the bottom near the river and run into the river. the hills are high and 
  rugid a fiew scattering trees to be Seen on them either Small pine or 
  Scrubey white oke. 
  = 
  The probable reason of the Indians residing on the Stard# Side of this as 
  well as the waters of Lewis's River is their fear of the Snake Indians who 
  reside, as they nativs Say on a great river to the South, and are at war 
  with those tribes, one of the Old Chiefs who accompanies us pointed out a 
  place on the lard. Side where they had a great battle, not maney years 
  ago, in which maney were killed on both Sides, one of our party J# 
  Collins presented us with Some verry good beer made of the 
  Pashi~co~quar~mash bread, which bread is the remains of what was laid in 
  as Stores of Provisions, at the first flat heads or Cho~punnish Nation at 
  the head of the Kosskoske river which by being frequently wet molded & 
  Sowered &c# we made 33 miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0960-1805-10-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 22nd Tuesday 1805 a fine morning Calm. we Set out at 9 oClock and 
  on the Course S# 52° W# 10 miles passed lodges & Inds# and rapids as 
  mentioned in the Cours of yesterday, from the expiration of 
  = 
  Took our Baggage & formed a Camp below the rapids in a cove on the 
  Stard Side the distance 1200 yards haveing passed at the upper end of the 
  portage 17 Lodges of Indians, below the rapids & above the Camp 5 
  large Loges of Indians, great numbers of baskets of Pounded fish on the 
  rocks Islands & near their Lodges thos are neetly pounded & put in 
  verry new baskets of about 90 or 100 pounds wight. hire Indians to take 
  our heavy articles across the portage purchased a Dog for Supper Great 
  numbers of Indians view us, we with much dificuelty purchd. as much wood 
  as Cooked our dogs this evening, our men all in helth ¬ The Indians 
  have their grave yards on an Island in the rapids. The Great Chief of 
  those Indians is out hunting. no Indians reside on the Lard Side for fear 
  of the Snake Indians with whome they are at war and who reside on the 
  large fork on the lard. a little above 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0961-1805-10-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 22d Tuesday 1805 A fine morning calm and fare we Set out at 9 
  oClock passed a verry bad rapid at the head of an Island close under the 
  Stard# Side, above this rapid on the Stard Side is Six Lodges of nativs 
  Drying fish, at 9 mls. passed a bad rapid at the head of a large Island of 
  high, uneaven rocks, jutting over the water, a Small Island in a Stard# 
  Bend opposit the upper point, on which I counted 20 parcels of dryed and 
  pounded fish; on the main Stard Shore opposit to this Island five Lodges 
  of Indians are Situated Several Indians in Canoes killing fish with gigs, 
  &c# opposit the center of this Island of rocks which is about 4 miles 
  long we discovered the enterence of a large river on the Lard# Side which 
  appeared to Come from the S# E# ¬ we landed at Some distance above the 
  mouth of this river and Capt# Lewis and my Self Set out to view this river 
  above its mouth, as our rout was intersepted by a deep narrow Chanel which 
  runs out of this river into the Columbia a little below the place we 
  landed, leaveing a high dry rich Island of about 400 yards wide and 800 
  yards long here we Seperated, I proceeded on to the river and Struck it at 
  the foot of a verry Considerable rapid, here I beheld an emence body of 
  water Compressd in a narrow Chanel of about 200 yds in width, fomeing over 
  rocks maney of which presented their tops above the water, when at this 
  place Capt# Lewis joined me haveing delayed on the way to examine a root 
  of which the nativs had been digging great quantities in the bottoms of 
  this River. at about two miles above this River appears to be confined 
  between two high hils below which it divided by numbers of large rocks, 
  and Small Islands covered with a low groth of timber, and has a rapid as 
  far as the narrows three Small Islands in the mouth of this River, this 
  River haveing no Indian name that we could find out, except "the River on 
  which the Snake Indians live," we think it best to leave the nameing of it 
  untill our return. 
  = 
  we proceeded on pass the mouth of this river at which place it appears to 
  discharge 1/4 as much water as runs down the Columbia. at two miles below 
  this River passed Eight Lodges on the Lower point of the Rock Island 
  aforesaid at those Lodges we saw large logs of wood which must have been 
  rafted down the To war~ne hi ooks River, below this Island on the main 
  Stard Shore is 16 Lodges of nativs; here we landed a fiew minits to Smoke, 
  the lower point of one Island opposit which heads in the mouth of 
  Towarnehiooks River which I did not observe untill after passing these 
  lodges about 1/2 a mile lower passed 6 more Lodges on the Same Side and 6 
  miles below the upper mouth of Towarnehiooks River the comencement of the 
  pitch of the Great falls, opposit on the Stard# Side is 17 Lodges of the 
  nativs we landed and walked down accompanied by an old man to view the 
  falls, and the best rout for to make a portage which we Soon discovered 
  was much nearest on the Stard# Side, and the distance 1200 yards one third 
  of the way on a rock, about 200 yards over a loose Sand collected in a 
  hollar blown by the winds from the bottoms below which was disagreeable to 
  pass, as it was Steep and loose. at the lower part of those rapids we 
  arrived at 5 Large Lodges of nativs drying and prepareing fish for market, 
  they gave us Philburts, and berries to eate, we returned droped down to 
  the head of the rapids and took every article except the Canoes across the 
  portag where I had formed a camp on ellegable Situation for the protection 
  of our Stores from Thieft, which we were more fearfull of, than their 
  arrows. we despatched two men to examine the river on the opposit Side, 
  and reported that the Canoes could be taken down a narrow Chanel on the 
  opposit Side after a Short portage at the head of the falls, at which 
  place the Indians take over their Canoes. Indians assisted us over the 
  portage with our heavy articles on their horses, the waters is divided 
  into Several narrow chanels which pass through a hard black rock forming 
  Islands of rocks at this Stage of the water, on those Islands of rocks as 
  well as at and about their Lodges I observe great numbers of Stacks of 
  pounded Salmon neetly preserved in the following manner, i e after 
  Suffiently Dried it is pounded between two Stones fine, and put into a 
  speces of basket neetly made of grass and rushes of better than two feet 
  long and one foot Diamiter, which basket is lined with the Skin of Salmon 
  Stretched and dried for the purpose, in theis it is pressed down as hard 
  as is possible, when full they Secure the open part with the fish Skins 
  across which they fasten tho the loops of the basket that part very 
  Securely, and then on a Dry Situation they Set those baskets the Corded 
  part up, their common Custom is to Set 7 as close as they can Stand and 5 
  on the top of them, and secure them with mats which is raped around them 
  and made fast with cords and Covered also with mats, those 12 baskets of 
  from 90 to 100 w. each form a Stack. thus preserved those fish may be kept 
  Sound and Sweet Several years, as those people inform me, Great quantities 
  as they inform us are Sold to the whites people who visit the mouth of 
  this river as well as to the nativs below. 
  = 
  on one of those Island I saw Several tooms but did not visit them The 
  principal Chiefs of the bands resideing about this Place is out hunting in 
  the mountains to the S# W# ¬ no Indians reside on the S# W#side of 
  this river for fear (as we were informed) of the Snake Indians, who are at 
  war with the tribes on this river ¬  they represent the Snake Indians 
  as being verry noumerous, and resideing in a great number of villages on 
  Towarnehiooks River which falls in 6 miles above on the Lard# Side and is 
  reaches a great ways and is large a little abov its mouth at which part it 
  is not intersepted with rapids, they inform that one considerable rapid 
  & maney Small ones in that river, and that the Snake live on Salmon, 
  and they go to war to their first villages in 12 days, the Couse they 
  pointed is S# E# or to the S of S# E# we are visited by great numbers of 
  Indians to Day to view us, we purchased a Dog for Supper, Some fish and 
  with dificuelty precured as much wood as Cooked Supper, which we also 
  purchased we made 19 miles to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0962-1805-10-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 23rd (Saturday) Wednesday 1805 Took the Canoes over the Portage on 
  the Lard# Side with much dificuelty, description on another Paper one 
  Canoe got loose & cought by the Indians which we were obliged to pay. 
  our old Chiefs over herd the Indians from below Say they would try to kill 
  us & informed us of it, we have all the arm examined and put in order, 
  all th Inds leave us early, Great numbers of flees on the Lard Side ¬ Shot 
  a Sea Oter which I did not get, Great Numbers about those rapids we 
  purchased 8 dogs, Small & fat for our party to eate, the Indians not 
  verry fond of Selling their good fish, compells us to make use of dogs for 
  food Exchanged our Small canoe for a large & a very new one built for 
  riding the waves obsd Merdn. altd# 66° 27' 30" Latd# prodsd. 45° 42' 57 
  3/10" North 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0963-1805-10-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 23d Wednesday 1805 a fine morning, I with the greater part of the 
  men Crossed in the Canoes to opposit Side above the falls and hauled them 
  across the portage of 457 yards which is on the Lard# Side and certainly 
  the best side to pass the canoes I then decended through a narrow chanel 
  of about 150 yards wide forming a kind of half circle in it course of a 
  mile to a pitch of 8 feet in which the chanel is divided by 2 large rocks 
  at this place we were obliged to let the Canoes down by Strong ropes of 
  Elk Skin which we had for the purpose, one Canoe in passing this place got 
  loose by the Cords breaking, and was cought by the Indians below. I 
  accomplished this necessary business and landed Safe with all the Canoes 
  at our Camp below the falls by 3 oClock P#M# nearly covered with flees 
  which were So thick amongst the Straw and fish Skins at the upper part of 
  the portage at which place the nativs had been Camped not long Since; that 
  every man of the party was obliged to Strip naked dureing the time of 
  takeing over the canoes, that they might have an oppertunity of brushing 
  the flees of their legs and bodies ¬ Great numbers of Sea Otters in 
  the river below the falls, I Shot one in the narrow chanel to day which I 
  could not get. Great numbers of Indians visit us both from above and below ¬  one 
  of the old Chiefs who had accompanied us from the head of the river, 
  informed us that he herd the Indians Say that the nation below intended to 
  kill us, we examined all the arms &c# complete the amunition to 100 
  rounds. The nativs leave us earlyer this evening than usial, which gives a 
  Shadow of Confirmation to the information of our Old Chief, as we are at 
  all times & places on our guard, are under no greater apprehention 
  than is common. 
  = 
  we purchased 8 Small fat dogs for the party to eate the nativs not being 
  fond of Selling their good fish, compells us to make use of Dog meat for 
  food, the flesh of which the most of the party have become fond of from 
  the habits of useing it for Some time past. The Altitude of this day 66° 
  27' 30" gave for Latd# 45° 42' 57 1/10 N# 
  = 
  I observed on the beach near the Indian Lodges two Canoes butifull of 
  different Shape & Size to what we had Seen above wide in the midde and 
  tapering to each end, on the bow curious figures were Cut in the wood 
  &c# Capt# Lewis went up to the Lodges to See those Canoes and 
  exchanged our Smallest Canoe for one of them by giveing a Hatchet & 
  few trinkets to the owner who informed that he purchased it of a white man 
  below for a horse, these Canoes are neeter made than any I have ever Seen 
  and Calculated to ride the waves, and carry emence burthens, they are dug 
  thin and are suported by cross pieces of about 1 inch diamuter tied with 
  Strong bark thro holes in the Sides. our two old Chiefs appeared verry 
  uneasy this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0964-1805-10-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 24th Thursday 1805 a fine morning the Indians approached us with 
  caution. our 2 old Chiefs deturmin to return home, Saying they were at war 
  with Indians below and they would kill them we pursuaded them to Stay 2 
  nights longer with us, with a view to make a peace with those Indians 
  below as well as to have them with us dureing our Delay with this tribe. 
  Capt Lewis went to view the falls I Set out with the party at 9 oClock a m 
  at 21/2 miles passed a rock which makes from the Stard Side 4 Lodges above 
  1 below and Confined the river in a narrow channel of about 45 yards this 
  continued for about 1/4 of a mile & widened to about 200 yards, in 
  those narrows the water was agitated in a most Shocking manner boils Swell 
  & whorl pools, we passed with great risque It being impossible to make 
  a portage of the Canoes, about 2 miles lower passed a verry Bad place 
  between 2 rocks one large & in the middle of the river here our Canoes 
  took in Some water, I put all the men who Could not Swim on Shore; & 
  Sent a fiew articles Such as guns & papers, and landed at a village of 
  20 houses on the Stard Side in a Deep bason where the river ap~prd. to be 
  blocked up with emence rocks I walked down and examined the pass found it 
  narrow, and one verry bad place a little in the narrows I pursued this 
  Chanel which is from 50 to 100 yards wide and Swels and boils with a most 
  Tremendeous manner; prosued this channel 5 ms & returned found Capt 
  Lewis & a Chief from below with maney of his men on a visit to us, one 
  of our Party Pete Crusat played on the violin which pleased the Savage, 
  the men danced, Great numbers of Sea Orter Pole Cats about those 
  fishories. the houses of those Indians are 20 feet Square and Sunk 8 feet 
  under ground & Covered with bark with a Small door round at top rose 
  about 18 Inches above ground, to keep out the Snow I saw 107 parcels of 
  fish Stacked, and great quantites in the houses 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0965-1805-10-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 24th Thursday 1805 The morning fare after a beautifull night, the 
  nativs approached us this morning with great caution. our two old chiefs 
  expressed a desire to return to their band from this place, Saying "that 
  they Could be of no further Service to us, as their nation extended no 
  further down the river than those falls, and as the nation below had 
  expressed hostile intentions against us, would Certainly kill them; 
  perticularly as They had been at war with each other;" we requested them 
  to Stay with us two nights longer, and we would See the nation below and 
  make a peace between them, they replied they "were anxious to return and 
  See our horses" we insisted on their Staying with us two nights longer to 
  which they agreed; our views were to detain those Chiefs with us untill we 
  Should pass the next falls, which we were told was verry bad, and at no 
  great distance below, that they might inform us of any designs of the 
  nativs, and if possible to bring about a peace between them and the tribes 
  below. 
  = 
  The first pitch of this falls is 20 feet perpendicular, then passing thro 
  a narrow Chanel for 1 mile to a rapid of about 18 feet fall below which 
  the water has no perceptable fall but verry rapid See Sketch No# 1. It may 
  be proper here to remark that from Some obstruction below, the cause of 
  which we have not yet learned, the water in high fluds (which are in the 
  Spring) rise below these falls nearly to a leavel with the water above the 
  falls; the marks of which can be plainly trac'd around the falls. at that 
  Stage of the water the Salmon must pass up which abounds in Such great 
  numbers above ¬ below those falls are Salmon trout and great numbers 
  of the heads of a Species of trout Smaller than the Salmon. those fish 
  they catch out of the Salmon Season, and are at this time in the act of 
  burrying those which they had drid for winter food. the mode of buring 
  those fish is in holes of various Sizes, lined with Straw on which they 
  lay fish Skins in which they inclose the fish which is laid verry close, 
  and then Covered with earth of about 12 or 15 inches thick. Capt Lewis and 
  three men crossed the river and on the opposit Side to view the falls 
  which he had not yet taken a full view of ¬ At 9 oClock a.m. I Set out 
  with the party and proceeded on down a rapid Stream of about 400 yards 
  wide at 21/2 miles the river widened into a large bason to the Stard# Side 
  on which there is five Lodges of Indians. here a tremendious black rock 
  Presented itself high and Steep appearing to choke up the river nor could 
  I See where the water passed further than the Current was drawn with great 
  velocity to the Lard Side of this rock at which place I heard a great 
  roreing. I landed at the Lodges and the natives went with me to the top of 
  this rock which makes from the Stard# Side; from the top of which I could 
  See the dificuelties we had to pass for Several miles below; at this place 
  the water of this great river is compressed into a Chanel between two 
  rocks not exceeding forty five yards wide and continues for a 1/4 of a 
  mile when it again widens to 200 yards and continues this width for about 
  2 miles when it is again intersepted by rocks. This obstruction in the 
  river accounts for the water in high floods riseing to Such a hite at the 
  last falls. The whole of the Current of this great river must at all 
  Stages pass thro this narrow chanel of 45 yards wide. as the portage of 
  our canoes over this high rock would be impossible with our Strength, and 
  the only danger in passing thro those narrows was the whorls and Swills 
  arriseing from the Compression of the water, and which I thought (as also 
  our principal watermen Peter Crusat) by good Stearing we could pass down 
  Safe, accordingly I detur mined to pass through this place notwithstanding 
  the horrid appearance of this agitated gut Swelling, boiling & 
  whorling in every direction (which from the top of the rock did not appear 
  as bad as when I was in it;) however we passed Safe to the astonishment of 
  all the Inds# of the last Lodges who viewed us from the top of the rock. 
  passed one Lodge below this rock and halted on the Stard# Side to view a 
  verry bad place, the Current divided by 2 Islands of rocks the lower of 
  them large and in the middle of the river, this place being verry bad I 
  Sent by land all the men who could not Swim and Such articles as was most 
  valuable to us Such as papers Guns & amunition, and proceeded down 
  with the Canoes two at a time to a village of 20 wood housies in a Deep 
  bend to the Stard# Side below which a rugid black rock about 20 feet biter 
  than the Common high fluds of the river with Several dry Chapels which 
  appeared to Choke the river up quite across; this I took to be the 2d 
  falls or the place the nativs above call timm, The nativs of this village 
  reived me verry kindly, one of whome envited me into his house, which I 
  found to be large and comodious, and the first wooden houses in which 
  Indians have lived Since we left those in the vicinty of the Illinois, 
  they are scattered permiscuisly on a elivated Situation near a mound of 
  about 30 feet above the Common leavel, which mound has Some remains of 
  houses and has every appearance of being artificial ¬ those houses are 
  about the Same Shape Size and form 20 feet wide and 30 feet long with one 
  Dore raised 18 Inches above ground, they are 291/2 inches high & 14 
  wide, forming in a half Circle above those houses were Sunk into the earth 
  Six feet, the roofs of them was Supported by a ridge pole resting on three 
  Strong pieces of Split timber thro one of which the dore was cut that and 
  the walls the top of which was just above ground Suported a certain number 
  of Spars which are Covered with the Bark of the white Ceadar, or Arber 
  Vitea; and the whole attached and Secured by the fibers of the Cedar. the 
  eaves at or near the earth, the gable ends and Side walls are Secured with 
  Split boards which is Seported on iner Side with Strong pieces of timber 
  under the eves &c# to keep those pieces errect & the earth from 
  without pressing in the boards, Suported by Strong posts at the Corners to 
  which those poles were attached to give aditional Strength, Small openings 
  were left above the ground, for the purpose, as I conjectured, of 
  deschargeing Their arrows at a besiegeing enimey; Light is admited Thro an 
  opening at top which also Serves for the Smoke to pass through. one half 
  of those houses is apropriated for the Storeing away Dried & pounded 
  fish which is the principal food The other part next the dore is the part 
  occupied by the nativs who have beds raised on either Side, with a fire 
  place in the center of this Space each house appeared to be occupied by 
  about three families; that part which is apropriated for fish was crouded 
  with that article, and a fiew baskets of burries ¬ I dispatched a 
  Sufficent number of the good Swimers back for the 2 canoes above the last 
  rapid and with 2 men walked down three miles to examine the river Over a 
  bed of rocks, which the water at verry high fluds passes over, on those 
  rocks I Saw Several large Scaffols on which the Indians dry fish; as this 
  is out of Season the poles on which they dry those fish are tied up verry 
  Securely in large bundles and put upon the Scaffolds, I counted 107 Stacks 
  of dried pounded fish in different places on those rocks which must have 
  contained io,ooo w. of neet fish, The evening being late I could not 
  examine the river to my Satisfaction, the Chanel is narrow and compressed 
  for about 2 miles, when it widens into a deep bason to the Stard# Side, 
  & again contracts into a narrow chanel divided by a rock I returned 
  through a rockey open countrey infested with pole~cats to the village 
  where I met with Capt# Lewis the two old Chiefs who accompanied us & 
  the party & canoes who had all arrived Safe; the Canoes haveing taken 
  in Some water at the last rapids. here we formed a Camp near the Village, 
  The principal Chief from the nation below with Several of his men visited 
  us, and afforded a favourable oppertunity of bringing about a Piece and 
  good understanding between this chief and his people and the two Chiefs 
  who accompanied us which we have the Satisfaction to Say we have 
  accomplished, as we have every reason to believe and that those two bands 
  or nations are and will be on the most friendly terms with each other. 
  gave this Great Chief a Medal and Some other articles, of which he was 
  much pleased, Peter Crusat played on the violin and the men danced which 
  delighted the nativs, who Shew every civility towards us. we Smoked with 
  those people untill late at night, when every one retired to rest. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0966-1805-10-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 25th Friday 1805 A Cold morning, we deturmined to attempt the 
  Chanel after brackfast I took down all the party below the bad places with 
  a load & one Canoe passed well, a 2d passed well I had men on the 
  Shore with ropes to throw in in Case any acidence happened at the Whirl 
  &c ¬ the Inds on the rocks veiwing us the 3rd Canoe nearly filled 
  with water we got her Safe to Shore. The last Canoe Came over well which 
  to me was truly gratifying Set out and had not passed 2 mils before 3 
  Canoes run against a rock in the river with great force no damg. met with 
  a 2d Chief of the nation from hunting, we Smoked with him and his party 
  and gave a medal of The Small Size & Set out passed great numbers of 
  rocks, good water and Came to at a high point of rocks below the mouth of 
  a Creek which falls in on the Lard Side and head up towards the high Snow 
  mountain to the S W# this Creek is 20 yards wide and has Some beaver Signs 
  at its mouth river about 1/2 a mile wide and Crouded with Sea otters, 
  & drum was Seen this evening we took possession of a high Point of 
  rocks to defend our Selves in Case the threts of those Indians below 
  Should be put in execution against us. Sent out Some hunters to look if 
  any Signs of game, one man killed a Small deer & Several others Seen I 
  killed a goose, and Suped hartily on venison & goose. Camped on the 
  rock guard under the hill. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0967-1805-10-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 25th Friday 1805 a cool morning Capt Lewis and my Self walked down 
  to See the place the Indians pointed out as the worst place in passing 
  through the gut, which we found difficuelt of passing without great 
  danger, but as the portage was impractiable with our large Canoes, we 
  Concluded to Make a portage of our most valuable articles and run the 
  canoes thro accordingly on our return divided the party Some to take over 
  the Canoes, and others to take our Stores across a portage of a mile to a 
  place on the Chanel below this bad whorl & Suck, with Some others I 
  had fixed on the Chanel with roapes to throw out to any who Should 
  unfortunately meet with difficuelty in passing through; great number of 
  Indians viewing us from the high rocks under which we had to pass, the 3 
  firt Canoes passed thro very well, the 4th nearly filled with water, the 
  last passed through by takeing in a little water, thus Safely below what I 
  conceved to be the worst part of this Chanel, felt my Self extreamly 
  gratified and pleased. we loaded the Canoes & Set out, and had not 
  proceeded, more than two mile before the unfortunate Canoe which filled 
  crossing the bad place above, run against a rock and was in great danger 
  of being lost, This Chanel is through a hard rough black rock, from 50 ¬ 100 
  yards wide. Swelling and boiling in a most tremendious maner Several 
  places on which the Indians inform me they take the Salmon as fast as they 
  wish; we passed through a deep bason to the Stard Side of 1 mile below 
  which the River narrows and divided by a rock The Curent we found quit 
  jentle, here we met with our two old Chiefs who had been to a village 
  below to Smoke a friendly pipe, and at this place they met the Cheif & 
  party from the village above on his return from hunting all of whome were 
  then crossing over their horses, we landed to Smoke a pipe with this Chief 
  whome we found to be a bold pleasing looking man of about 50 years of age 
  dressd. in a war jacket a cap Legins & mockersons. he gave us Some 
  meat of which he had but little and informed us he in his rout met with a 
  war party of Snake Indians from the great river of the S# E# which falls 
  in a few miles above and had a fight. we gave this Chief a Medal, &c# 
  a parting Smoke with our two faithful friends the Chiefs who accompanied 
  us from the head of the river, (who had purchased a horse each with 2 
  robes and intended to return on horse back) we proceeded on down the water 
  fine, rocks in every derection for a fiew miles when the river widens and 
  becoms a butifull jentle Stream of about half a mile wide, Great numbers 
  of the Sea Orter about those narrows and both below and above. we Came 
  too, under a high point of rocks on the Lard# Side below a creek of 20 
  yards wide and much water, as it was necessary to make Some Selestial 
  observations we formed our Camp on the top of a high point of rocks, which 
  forms a kind of fortification in the Point between the river & Creek, 
  with a boat guard, this Situation we Concieve well Calculated for defence, 
  and Conveniant to hunt under the foots of the mountain to the West & 
  S# W# where timber of different kinds grows, and appears to be handsom 
  Coverts for the Deer, in oke woods, Sent out hunters to examine for game 
  G# D# Killed a Small Deer & other Saw much Sign, I killed a goose in 
  the creek which was verry fat ¬ one of the guard saw a Drum fish to 
  day as he Conceved our Situation well Calculated to defend our Selves from 
  any designs of the natives, Should They be enclined to attack us. 
  = 
  This little Creek heads in the range of mountains which run S S W & N 
  W for a long distance on which is Scattering pine white Oake &c# The 
  Pinical of the round toped mountain which we Saw a Short distance below 
  the forks of this river is S# 43° W# of us and abt 37 miles, it is at this 
  time toped with Snow we called this the falls mountain or Timm mountain. 
  The face of the Countrey, on both Side of the river above and about the 
  falls, is Steep ruged and rockey open and contain but a Small preportion 
  of erbage, no timber a fiew bushes excepted, The nativs at the upper falls 
  raft their timber down Towarnehooks River & those at the narrows take 
  theirs up the river to the lower part of the narrows from this Creek, and 
  Carry it over land 3 miles to their houses &c# at the mouth of this 
  creek Saw Some beaver Sign, and a Small wolf in a Snare Set in the willows 
  The Snars of which I saw Several made for to catch wolves, are made as 
  follows vz: a long pole which will Spring is made fast with bark to a 
  willow, on the top of this pole a String 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0968-1805-10-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 26th 1805 Saturday a fine morning Sent out Six men to hunt deer 
  & Collect rozin to Pitch our Canoes, had all our articles put out to 
  dry ¬ Canoes drawed out and repaired, the injories recved in drawing 
  them over the rocks, every article wet in the Canoe which nearly Sunk 
  yesterday ¬  
  = 
  In the evening 2 Chief and 15 men came over in a Single Canoe, those Chf's 
  proved to be the 2 great Chiefs of the tribes above, one gave me a dressed 
  Elk Skin, and gave us Som deer meet, and 2 Cakes of white bread made of 
  white roots, we gave to each Chief a Meadel of the Small Size a red Silk 
  handkerchief & a knife to the 1st a arm ban & a pin of Paint & 
  a Comb to his Son a Piece of riben tied to a tin gorget and 2 hams of 
  Venison They deturmined to Stay with us all night, we had a fire made for 
  them & one man played on the violin which pleased them much my Servent 
  danced ¬ our hunters killed five Deer, 4 verry large gray Squirrels, a 
  goose & Pheasent, one man giged a Salmon trout which we had fried in a 
  little Bears oil which a Chief gave us yesterday and I think the finest 
  fish I ever tasted, Saw great numbers of white Crams flying in Different 
  directions verry high. The river has rose nearly 8 Inches to day and has 
  every appearance of a tide, from what Cause I can't Say ¬ our hunters 
  Saw Elk & bear signs to day in the white oake woods the Country to the 
  Lard is broken Country thinly timbered with pine and white oake, a 
  mountain which I must call Timm or falls Mountain rises verry high and 
  bears to S W the Course it has bore Sinc we first Saw it. our men danced 
  to night. dried all our wet articles and repaired our Canoes 
  = 
  The flees my Self and the men got on them in passing thro the plains the 
  Indians had lately lived in Lodges on the Lard# Side at the falls, are 
  very troublesom and with every exertion the men Can't get rid of them, 
  perticilarly as they have no clothes to change those which they wore Those 
  Indians are at Ware with the Snake Indians on the river which falls in a 
  few miles above this and have lately had a battle with them, their loss I 
  cannot lern. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0969-1805-10-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 26th Saturday 1805 A fine morning Sent Six men out to hunt Deer, 
  and Collect rozin to pitch the Canoes which has become verry leakey, by 
  frequently hauling them over rocks &c as well Striking rocks 
  frequently in passing down. all our articles we have exposed to the Sun to 
  Dry; and the Canoes drawn out and turned up ¬ maney of our Stores 
  entirely Spoiled by being repeetedly wet; A number of Indians came to the 
  Oposit Side of the river in the fore part of the day and Shew that they 
  were anxious to Cross to us, we did not think proper to cross them in our 
  Canoes and did not Send for them. in the evening two Chiefs and 15 men 
  came over in a Small Canoe, those two Chiefs proved to be the two 
  Principal Chiefs of the tribes above at the falls, and above, who was out 
  hunting at the time we passed their bands; one of those Chiefs made Capt 
  Lewis and my Self each a Small present of Deer meat, and Small Cakes of 
  white bread made of roots. we gave to each Chief a Meadel of the Small 
  Size a red Silk handkerchief, arm band, Knife & a piece of Paint, and 
  acknowledged them as chiefs; as we thought it necessary at this time to 
  treat those people verry friendly & ingratiate our Selves with them, 
  to insure us a kind & friendly reception on our return, we gave Small 
  presents to Several, and half a Deer to them to eate. we had also a fire 
  made for those people to Sit around in the middle of our Camp, and Peter 
  Crusat Played on the violin, which pleased those nativs exceedingly. the 
  two Chiefs and Several men deturmined to delay all night (yorked Danced 
  for the Inds) with us all the others returned, leaving the horses for 
  those who Staied on the opposit Side. our hunters returned in the evening 
  Killed five Deer, four verry large grey Squirels and a grouse. one of the 
  guard at the river guiged a Salmon Trout, which we had fried in a little 
  Bears Oil which the Chief we passed below the narrows gave us; this I 
  thought one of the most delicious fish I have ever tasted Great numbers of 
  white Crain flying in different Directions verry high ¬ The river rose 
  8 Inches today from what cause I cannot Say certainly, as the tides cannot 
  effect the river here as there is a falls below, I conjecture that the 
  rise is owing to the winds which has Set up the river for 24 hours past. 
  our hunters inform that the countrey back is broken, Stoney and thinly 
  timbered with pine and White Oake. They Saw Elk & Bear Sign in the 
  mountains. Dried all our wet articles and repared our Canoes to day, and 
  the Party amused themselves at night danceing. The Flees which the party 
  got on them at the upper & great falls, are very troublesom and 
  dificuelt to get rid of, perticularly as the men have not a Change of 
  Clothes to put on, they Strip off their Clothes and kill the flees, 
  dureing which time they remain neckid. 
  = 
  The nations in the vicinity of this place is at War with the Snake Indians 
  who they Say are noumerous and live on the river we passed above the falls 
  on the Same Side on which we have encamped, and the nearest town is about 
  four days march they pointed nearly S# E# and informed that they had a 
  battle with those Inds# laterly, their loss I could not assertain 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0970-1805-10-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 27th Sunday 1805 a verry windy night and morning wind from the 
  West and hard, Send out hunters and they killed 4 deer 1 pheasent and a 
  Squirel the 2 Chiefs and party Continue with us, we treat them well give 
  them to eate & Smoke, they were joined by Seven others, from below who 
  Stayed about 3 hours and returned down the river in a pet, Soon after the 
  Chiefs deturmined to go home we had them put across the river the wind 
  verry high, we took a vocabelary of the Languages of the 2 nations, the 
  one liveing at the Falls call themselves E~nee~shur The other resideing at 
  the levels or narrows in a village on the Std# Side call themselves 
  E~chee~lute not withstanding those people live only 6 miles apart, but 
  fiew words of each others language ¬ the language of those above 
  having great Similarity with those tribes of flat heads we have passed ¬ all 
  have the Clucking tone anexed which is predomint. above, all flatten the 
  heads of their female children near the falls, and maney above follow the 
  Same Custom The language of the Che~luc~it~to~quar a fiew miles below is 
  different from both in a Small degree. The wind increased in the evening 
  and blew verry hard from the Same point W# day fair and Cold ¬ The 
  Creek at which we are Encamped is Called by the natives ¬ Que~nett Some 
  words with Shabono about his duty ¬ The pinical of Falls mountain 
  bears S 43° W# about 35 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0971-1805-10-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 27th Sunday 1805 Wind hard from the west all the last night and 
  this morning. Some words with Shabono our interpreter about his duty. Sent 
  out Several hunters who brought in four Deer, one Grouse & a Squirel. 
  The two Chiefs & party was joined by Seven others from below in two 
  canoes, we gave them to eate & Smoke Several of those from below 
  returned down the river in a bad humer, haveing got into this pet by being 
  prevented doeing as they wished with our articles which was then exposed 
  to dry ¬ we took a Vocabelary of the Languages of those two chiefs 
  which are verry different notwithstanding they are Situated within Six 
  miles of each other, Those at the great falls Call themselves E~nee~shur 
  and are understood on the river above. Those at the Great Narrows Call 
  themselves Eche~lute and is understood below, maney words of those people 
  are the Same, and Common to all the flat head Bands which we have passed 
  on the river, all have the clucking tone anexed which is prodomonate 
  above. all the Bands flatten the heads of the female Children, and maney 
  of the male children also. Those two Chief leave us this evening and 
  returned to their bands, the wind verry high & from the West, day 
  proved fair and Cool. 
  = 
    <h3> 
  The nativs Call this Creek near which we are encamped Que~nett. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0972-1805-10-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 28th Monday 1805 a windey morning loaded our Canoes and Set out at 
  9 oClock a m 3 Canoes Came down from the Village above & 2 from that 
  below in one of those Canoes a Indian wore his hair cued, and had on a 
  round hat. Wind from West 
  = 
  Those Indians have a musket a Sword, and Several Brass Tea kitties which 
  they appear to be verry fond of we purchased of those people five Small 
  dogs, and Some Dried beries & white bread of roots, the wind rose and 
  we were obliged to lie by about 1 mile below on the Lard# Side North 1 
  mile to a rock Island on the Stard# Side. we had not landed long eer an 
  Indian Canoe Came from below with 3 Indians in it, those Indians make 
  verry nice Canoes of Pine. Thin with aporns & Carve on the head 
  imitation of animals & other heads; The Indians above Sacrafise the 
  property of the Deceased to wit horses Canoes, bowls Basquets of which 
  they make great use to hold water boil their meet &c# &c# great 
  many Indians came down from the uppr Village & Sat with us, Smoked, 
  rained all the evenig & blew hard from the West encamped on the Lard 
  Side opsd# an Rock in a verry Bad place 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0973-1805-10-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 28th Monday 1805 A cool windey morning we loaded our Canoes and 
  Set out at 9 oClock, a.m. as we were about to Set out 3 canoes from above 
  and 2 from below came to view us in one of those Canoes I observed an 
  Indian with round hat jacket & wore his hair cued we proceeded on 
  river inclosed on each Side in high Clifts of about 90 feet of loose dark 
  coloured rocks at four miles we landed at a village of 8 houses on the 
  Stard# Side under Some rugid rocks, Those people call themselves 
  Chil~luckit~tequaw, live in houses Similar to those described, Speake 
  Somewhat different language with maney words the Same & understand 
  those in their neighbourhood Cap Lewis took a vocabilary of this Language 
  I entered one of the houses in which I Saw a British musket, a cutlass and 
  Several brass Tea kittles of which they appeared verry fond Saw them 
  boiling fish in baskets with Stones, I also Saw figures of animals & 
  men Cut & painted on boards in one Side of the house which they 
  appeared to prize, but for what purpose I will not venter to Say. here 
  we purchased five Small Dogs, Some dried buries, & white bread made of 
  roots, the wind rose and we were obliged to lie by all day at 1 mile below 
  on the Lard# Side. we had not been long on Shore before a Canoe came up 
  with a man woman & 2 children, who had a fiew roots to Sell, Soon 
  after maney others joined them from above, The wind which is the cause of 
  our delay, does not retard the motions of those people at all, as their 
  canoes are calculated to ride the highest waves, they are built of white 
  cedar or Pine verry light wide in the middle and tapers at each end, with 
  aperns, and heads of animals carved on the bow, which is generally raised. 
  Those people make great use of Canoes, both for transpotation and fishing, 
  they also use of bowls & baskets made of Grass & Splits to hold 
  water and boil their fish & meat. Maney of the nativs of the last 
  Village Came down Set and Smoke with us, wind blew hard accompanied with 
  rain all the evening, our Situation not a verry good one for an 
  encampment, but Such as it is we are obliged to put up with, the harbor is 
  a Safe one, we encamped on the Sand wet and disagreeable one Deer killed 
  this evening, and another wounded near our Camp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0974-1805-10-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 29th Tuesday 1805 a Cloudy morning wind Still from th West not 
  hard, we Set out at day light proceeded on about 5 miles and Came too at a 
  Lodge of a Chief which we made at the upper village at th falls about his 
  house there is Six others This chief gave us to eate Sackacommis burries 
  Hasel nuts fish Pounded, and a kind of Bread made of roots ¬ we gave 
  to the Women pices of ribon, which they appeared pleased with ¬ those 
  houses are large 25 feet Sqr and contain abt# 8 men, Say 30 inhabitents ¬  
  = 
  Those people are friendly gave us to eate fish Beries, nuts bread of roots 
  & Drid beries and we Call this the friendly Village We purchased 12 
  dogs of them & 4 Sacks of Pounded fish, and Some fiew Dried Berries 
  and proceeded on at 4 miles further we landed to Smoke a pipe with the 
  people of a village of 11 houses we found those people also friendly Their 
  Village is Situated imediately below the mouth of a River of 60 yards 
  water which falls in on the Stard# Side and heads in the mountains to the 
  N# & N, E, the Indians inform us that this river is long and full of 
  falls no Salmon pass up it. They also inform that 10 nations lives on this 
  river by hunting and on buries &c# The Countrey begin to be thinly 
  timbered with Pine & low white oake verry rocky and hilley ¬ We 
  purchased at this vilg 4 dogs ¬ at the end of this Course is 3 rocks, 
  in the river and a rock point from the Lard# the middle rock is large and 
  has a number of graves on it we call it the Sepulchar Island. The last 
  River we call Caterack River from the number of falls which the Indians 
  inform is on it The Indians are afraid to hunt or be on th Lard Side of 
  this Columbia river for fear of the Snake Ind# who reside on a fork of 
  this river which falls in above the falls a good Situation for winter 
  quarters if game can be had is just below Sepulchar rock on the Lard Side, 
  high & pine and oake timber the rocks ruged above, good hunting 
  Countrey back, as it appears from the river Indian village opsd# Of 2 
  Lodgs river 1/2 mile wide at rocks 
  = 
  The robes of those Indians are, of wolf deer Elk, wild cats, Some fox, 
  & Deer I saw one of the mountain Sheep, th wool thick and long Corse 
  hair on the back, resembling bristles ¬ those animals live among the 
  rocks in those mountains below, orter is much valued by those people they 
  Cew their hair on each Side with it and ware it about the necks with the 
  tail in front 
  = 
  Came too at 3 miles on this Course at 3 Houses of flatheads and Encamped 
  on the Stard# Side, a Pond lies back of those people in which we Saw great 
  numbers of the Small Swan. we Purchased of those people 3 Dogs they gave 
  us High bush cramburies, bread of roots and roots, they were pleased with 
  musick of th violin. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0975-1805-10-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 29th Tuesday 1805 A cloudy morning wind from the West but not 
  hard, we Set out at day light, and proceeded on about five miles Came too 
  on the Stard# Side at a village of 7 houses built in the Same form and 
  materials of those above, here we found the Chief we had Seen at the long 
  narrows named  ¿¿ 
  = 
  we entered his lodge and he gave us to eate Pounded fish, bread made of 
  roots, Filberts nuts, & the berries of Sackecomme. we gave to each 
  woman of the lodge a brace of Ribon of which they were much pleased. each 
  of those houses may be calculated to contain 8 men and 30 Soles, they are 
  hospitable and good humered Speak the Same language of the inhabitants of 
  the last village, we call this the friendly village. I observed in the 
  lodge of the Chief Sundery articles which must have been precured from the 
  white people, Such a Scarlet & blue Cloth Sword Jacket & hat. I 
  also observed two wide Split boards with images on them Cut and painted in 
  emitation of a man; I pointed to this image and asked a man to what use he 
  put them to, he Said Something the only word I understood was "good," and 
  then Steped to the image and took out his Bow & quiver to Show me, and 
  Some other of his war emplemints, from behind it. 
  = 
  The Chief then directed his wife to hand him his medison bag which he 
  opened and Showed us 14 fingers which he Said was the fingers of his 
  enemies which he had taken in war, and pointed to S# E# from which 
  direction I concluded they were Snake Indians; this is the first Instance 
  I ever knew of the Indians takeing any other trofea of their exploits off 
  the dead bodies of their Enimies except the Scalp. The Chief painted 
  those fingers with Several other articles which was in his bag red and 
  Securely put them back, haveing first mad a Short harrang which I Suppose 
  was bragging of what he had done in war. we purchased 12 Dogs and 4 Sacks 
  of fish, & Some fiew ascid berries, after brackfast we proceeded on, 
  the mountains are high on each Side, containing Scattering pine white oake 
  & under groth, hill Sides Steep and rockey; at 4 miles lower we 
  observed a Small river falling in with great rapidity on the Stard# Side 
  below which is a village of 11 houses, here we landed to Smoke a pipe with 
  the nativs and examine the mouth of the river, which I found to be 60 
  yards wide rapid and deep, The inhabitants of the village are friendly and 
  Chearfull; those people inform us also those at the last village that this 
  little river is long and full of falls, no Salmon pass up it, it runs from 
  N# N# E# that ten nations live on this river and its waters, on buries, 
  and what game they Can kill with their Bow & arrows 
  = 
  we purchased 4 dogs and Set out (this village is the of the Same 
  nation of the one we last passed) and proceeded on The Countrey on each 
  side begin to be thicker timbered with Pine and low white Oake; verry 
  rockey and broken. passed three large rocks in The river the middle rock 
  is large long and has Several Squar vaults on it. we call this rockey 
  Island the Sepulchar ¬ The last river we passed we Shall Call the 
  Cataract River from the number of falls which the Indians say is on it ¬  
  passed 2 Lodges of Indians a Short distance below the Sepulchar Island on 
  the Stard# Side river wide, at 4 mile passed 2 houses on the Stard# Side, 
  Six miles lower passed 4 houses above the mouth of a Small river 40 yards 
  wide on the Lard# Side a thick timbered bottom above & back of those 
  houses; those are the first houses which we have Seen on the South Side of 
  the Columbia River, (and the axess to those dificuelt) for fear of the 
  approach of their common enemies the Snake Indians, passed 14 houses on 
  the Std# Side Scattered on the bank ¬ from the mouth of this little 
  river which we shall Call Labeasche River, the falls mountain is South and 
  the top is covered with Snow. one mile below pass the mouth of a large 
  rapid Stream on the Stard# Side, opposit to a large Sand bar, in this 
  creek the Indians above take their fish, here we Saw Several canoes, which 
  induced us to call this Canoe Creek it is 28 yards wide, about 4 miles 
  lower and below the Sand bar is a butifull cascade falling over a rock of 
  about 100 feet, a Short distance lower passed 4 Indian houses on the Lard# 
  Side in a timbered bottom, a fiew miles further we came too at 3 houses on 
  Stard# Side, back of which is a pond in which I Saw Great numbers of Small 
  Swan, Capt# Lewis and I went into the houses of those people who appeared 
  Somewhat Surprised at first Their houses are built on the Same 
  Construction of those above, Speak the Same language and Dress in the Same 
  way, robes of the Skins of wolves Deer, Elk, wild cat, or Loucirvia & 
  fox, also Saw a mountain Sheap Skin the wool of which is long, thick, 
  & corse with long corse hare on the top of the neck and back Something 
  resembling bristles of a goat, the skin was of white hare, those animals 
  these people inform me by Signs live in the mountains among the rocks, 
  their horns are Small and Streight, Orter Skins are highly prised among 
  those people as well as those on the river above, They Cue their hare 
  which is divided on each Sholder, and also ware Small Strips about their 
  necks with the tale hanging down in front. Those people gave us, 
  High bush cram berries, bread made of roots, and roots; we purchased three 
  dogs for the party to eate; we Smoked with the men, all muche pleased with 
  the violin. Here the mountains are high on each Side, those to the Lard# 
  Side has Some Snow on them at this time, more timber than above and of 
  greater variety. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0976-1805-10-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 30th Wednesday 1805 A Cloudy morning. Some little rain all night, 
  after eating a Slight brackfast of venison we Set out. 
  = 
  The rocks project into the river in maney places and have the appearance 
  of haveing fallen from the highe hills those projected rocks is common 
  & Small Bays below & nitches in the rocks passed 4 Cascades or 
  Small Streams falling from the mountains on Lard# This part of the river 
  resembles a pond partly dreaned leaving many Stumps bare both in & out 
  of the water, current about 1 mil pr# Hour 
  = 
  The bottom above the river is about 3/4 of a mile wide and rich, Some deer 
  & bear Sign ¬ rained moderately all day we are wet and cold. Saw 
  Several Specis of wood which I never Saw before, Some resembling Beech 
  & others Poplar. Day dark and disagreeable 
  = 
  I with 2 men proceeded down the river 2 miles on an old Indian parth to 
  view the rapids, which I found impassable for our canoes without a 
  portage, the roade bad at 1 mile I saw a Town of Houses laterly abandoned 
  on an elevated Situation opsd# a 2d Shute, returned at dark. Capt# Lewis 
  and 5 men went to the Town found them kind they gave Beries & nuts, 
  but he cd. get nothin from them in the way of Information, the greater 
  part of those people out collecting roots below, rained all the evining 
  Those people have one gun & maney articles which they have purchased 
  of the white people their food is principally fish 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0977-1805-10-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 30th Wednesday 1805 A cool morning, a moderate rain all the last 
  night, after eating a partial brackfast of venison we Set out passed 
  Several places where the rocks projected into the river & have the 
  appearance of haveing Seperated from the mountains and fallen promiscuisly 
  into the river, Small nitches are formed in the banks below those 
  projecting rocks which is comon in this part of the river, Saw 4 Cascades 
  caused by Small Streams falling from the mountains on the Lard# Side, a 
  remarkable circumstance in this part of the river is, the Stumps of pine 
  trees are in maney places are at Some distance in the river, and gives 
  every appearance of the rivers being darned up below from Some cause which 
  I am not at this time acquainted with, the Current of the river is also 
  verry jentle not exceeding 11/2 mile pr# hour and about 3/4 of a mile in 
  width. Some rain, we landed above the mouth of a Small river on the Stard# 
  Side and Dined J# Shields Killed a Buck & Labiech 3 Ducks, here the 
  river widens to about one mile large Sand bar in the middle, a Great rock 
  both in and out of the water, large Stones, or rocks are also permiscuisly 
  Scattered about in the river, this day we Saw Some fiew of the large 
  Buzzard Capt# Lewis Shot at one, those Buzzards are much larger than any 
  other of ther Spece or the largest Eagle white under part of their wings 
  &c# The bottoms above the mouth of this little river is rich covered 
  with grass & firn & is about 3/4 of a mile wide rich and rises 
  gradually, below the river (which is 60 yards wide above its mouth) the 
  Countery rises with Steep assent. we call this little river New Timbered 
  river from a Speces of Ash which grows on its banks of a verry large and 
  different from any we had before Seen, and a timber resembling the beech 
  in bark but different in its leaf which is Smaller and the tree smaller. 
  passed maney large rocks in the river and a large creek on the Stard# Side 
  in the mouth of which is an Island, passed on the right of 3 Islands near 
  the Stard# Side, and landed on an Island close under the Stard# Side at 
  the head of the great Shute, and a little below a village of 8 large 
  houses on a Deep bend on the Stard# Side, and opposit 2 Small Islands 
  imediately in the head of the Shute, which Islands are covered with Pine, 
  maney large rocks also, in the head of the Shute. Ponds back of the 
  houses, and Countrey low for a Short distance. The day proved Cloudy dark 
  and disagreeable with Some rain all day which kept us wet. The Countary a 
  high mountain on each Side thickly Covered with timber, Such as Spruc, 
  Pine, Cedar, Oake Cotton &c# &c# I took two men and walked down 
  three miles to examine the Shute and river below proceeded along an old 
  Indian path, passd# an old village at 1 mile on an ellevated Situation of 
  this village contained verry large houses built in a different form from 
  any I had Seen, and laterly abandoned, and the most of the boads put into 
  a pond of water near the village, as I conceived to drown the flees, which 
  was emencely noumerous about the houses. I found by examonation that we 
  must make a portage of the greater perpotion of our Stores 21/2 miles, and 
  the Canoes we Could haul over the rocks, I returned at Dark Capt Lewis and 
  5 men had just returned from the village, Cap L# informed me that he found 
  the nativs kind, they gave him berries, nuts & fish to eate; but he 
  could get nothing from them in the way of information. The greater part of 
  the inhabitants of this village being absent down the river Some distance 
  Colecting roots Capt# L# Saw one gun and Several articles which must have 
  been precured from the white people. a wet disagreeable evening, the only 
  wood we could get to burn on this little Island on which we have encamped 
  is the newly discovered Ash, which makes a tolerable fire. we made fifteen 
  miles to daye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0978-1805-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 31st Thursday 1805 a cloudey raney morning I proceed down the 
  river to view it more at leasure, I took Jos. Fields & Peter Crusat 
  and proceeded on down, Send Crusat back at 2 ms# to examine the rapid near 
  the shore & I proceeded on down about 10 miles to a very high rock in 
  a bottom on the Stard# opsd# 2 Islands covered with timber on which I saw 
  Inds# at a distance; found the river rocky for 6 miles, after which the 
  Current became uniform ¬ at 1 mile I passed an old deserted village on 
  a Pond on a high Situation of 8 Houses ¬ at 31/2 miles one house the 
  only remt. of an antient Village 1/2 a mile lower I saw 8 Vaults for the 
  Dead which was nearly Square 8 feet Closely Covered with broad boads 
  Curiously engraved, the bones in Some of those vaults wer 4 feet thick, in 
  others the Dead was yet layed Side of each other nearly East & west, 
  raped up & bound Securley in robes, great numbers of trinkets Brass 
  Kittle, Sea Shells, Iron, Pan Hare &c# &c# was hung about the 
  vaults and great many wooden gods, or Images of men Cut in wood, Set up 
  round the vaults, Some of those So old and worn by time that they were 
  nearly worn out of Shape, and Some of those vaults So old that they were 
  roted entirely to the ground ¬ notwithstanding they wood is of Pine 
  &  ¿¿ _ or Seder as also the wooden gods 
  = 
  I can not learn certainly if those people worship those woden emiges, they 
  have them in conspicuous parts of their houses at 5 miles I passed 4 large 
  houses on the Stard Side a little above the last rapid and opposit a large 
  Island which is Situated near the Lard# Side ¬ The enhabitents of 
  those houses had left them closely Shut up, they appeared to Contn. a 
  great deel of property and Provisions Such as those people use, I did not 
  disturb any thing about those houses, but proceed on down below the rapid 
  which I found to be the last, a large village has at Some period been on 
  the Stard# Side below this rapid The bottom is high Stoney and about 2 
  miles wide covered with grass, here C is the head of a large Island in 
  high water, at this time no water passes on the Stard# Side I walked thro 
  this Island which I found to be verry rich, open & covered with 
  Strawberry vines, and has greatly the appearance of having at Some period 
  been Cultivated, The natives has dug roots in Some parts of this Isld# 
  which is about 3 miles long & 1 Wide, a Small Island covered with 
  timber opposit the lower point no water runs on the Stard# Side. of it. 
  below and in the middle of the river is a large Island Covered with tall 
  trees opposit the Strawberry Island on its Stard# Side a creek falls in 
  which has no running water at present, it has the appearanc of throwing 
  out emense torents ¬ I saw 5 Indians in a canoe below ¬ Jo# killed 
  a Sand hill Crane & we returned by the same rout to camp at the grand 
  Shute where I found Several Indians, I Smoked. Two canoes loaded with fish 
  for the Trade below Came down & unloaded the after noon fare 
  = 
  Those Indians Cut off the hands of those they kill & proserve the 
  fingers. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0979-1805-10-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  October 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  October 31st Thursday 1805 A Cloudy rainey disagreeable morning I 
  proceeded down the river to view with more attention we had to pass on the 
  river below, the two men with me Jo# Fields & Peter Crusat proceeded 
  down to examine the rapids the Great Shute which commenced at the Island 
  on which we encamped Continud with great rapidity and force thro a narrow 
  chanel much compressd. and interspersed with large rocks for 1/2 a mile, 
  at a mile lower is a verry Considerable rapid at which place the waves are 
  remarkably high, and proceeded on in a old Indian parth 21/2 miles by land 
  thro a thick wood & hill Side, to the river where the Indians make a 
  portage, from this place I dispatched Peter Crusat (our principal 
  waterman) back to follow the river and examine the practibility of the 
  Canoes passing, as the rapids appeared to continue down below as far as I 
  could See, I with Jo# Fields proceeded on, at 1/2 a mile below the end of 
  the portage passed a house where there had been an old town for ages past 
  as this house was old Decayed and a plat of flees I did not enter it, 
  about 1/2 a mile below this house in a verry thick part of the woods is 8 
  vaults which appeared Closely Covered and highly deckerated with 
  orniments. Those vaults are all nearly the Same Sise and form 8 feet 
  Square, 5 feet high, Sloped a little So as to convey off the rain made of 
  Pine or Cedar boards Closely Connected & Scurely Covered with wide 
  boards, with a Dore left in The East Side which is partially Stoped with 
  wide boards curiously engraved. In Several of those vaults the dead bodies 
  wre raped up verry Securely in Skins tied around with cords of grass & 
  bark, laid on a mat, all east & west and Some of those vaults had as 
  maney as 4 bodies laying on the Side of each other. the other Vaults 
  Containing bones only, Some contained bones for the debth of 4 feet. on 
  the tops and on poles attached to those vaults hung Brass kitties & 
  frying pans pearced thro their bottoms, baskets, bowls of wood, Sea Shels, 
  Skins, bits of Cloth, Hair, bags of Trinkets & Small peices of bone 
  &c and independant of the curious ingraveing and Paintings on the 
  boards which formed the vaults I observed Several wooden Images, cut in 
  the figure of men and Set up on the Sides of the vaults all round. Some of 
  those So old and worn by time, that they were nearly out of Shape, I also 
  observed the remains of Vaults rotted entirely into the ground and covered 
  with moss. This must bee the burrying place for maney ages for the 
  inhabitants of those rapids, the vaults are of the most lasting timber 
  Pine & Cedar ¬ I cannot Say certainly that those nativs worship 
  those wooden idols as I have every reason to believe they do not; as they 
  are Set up in the most conspicious parts of their houses, and treated more 
  like orniments than objects of aderation. at 2 miles lower & 5 below 
  our Camp I passed a village of 4 large houses abandend by the nativs, with 
  their Bores bared up, I looked into those houses and observed as much 
  property as is usial in the houses of those people which induced me to 
  conclude that they wre at no great distance, either hunting or Colecting 
  roots, to add to their winter Subsistance. from a Short distance below the 
  vaults the mountain which is but low on the Stard# Side leave the river, 
  and a leavel Stoney open bottom Suckceeds on the Said Std# Side for a 
  great Distance down, the mountains high and rugid on the Lard Side this 
  open bottom is about 2 miles a Short distance below this village is a bad 
  Stoney rapid and appears to be the last in view I observed at this lower 
  rapid the remains of a large and antient Village which I could plainly 
  trace by the Sinks in which they had formed their houses, as also those in 
  which they had buried their fish ¬ from this rapid to the lower end of 
  the portage the river is Crouded with rocks of various Sizes between which 
  the water passes with great velociety createing in maney places large 
  Waves, an Island which is Situated near the Lard# Side occupies about half 
  the distance the lower point of which is at this rapid. immediately below 
  this rapid the high water passes through a narrow Chanel through the 
  Stard# Bottom forming an Island of 3 miles Long & one wide, I walked 
  through this Island which I found to be verry rich land, and had every 
  appearance of haveing been at Some distant period Cultivated. at this time 
  it is Covered with grass intersperced with Strawberry vines. I observed 
  Several places on this Island where the nativs had dug for roots and from 
  its lower point I observed 5 Indians in a Canoe below the upper point of 
  an Island near the middle of the river Covered with tall timber, which 
  indued me to believe that a village was at no great distanc below, I could 
  not See any rapids below in the extent of my view which was for a long 
  distance down the river, which from the last rapids widened and had everry 
  appearance of being effected by the tide, ¬ I deturmind to return to 
  Camp 10 miles distant, a remarkable high detached rock Stands in a bottom 
  on the Stard Side near the lower point of this Island on the Stard# Side 
  about 800 feet high and 400 paces around, we call the Beaten rock. a Brook 
  falls into the narrow Chanel which forms the Strawberry Island, which at 
  this time has no running water, but has every appearance of dischargeing 
  emence torrents &c# &c# Jo# Fields Shot a Sand hill Crane. I 
  returned by the Same rout on an Indian parth passing up on the N W# Side 
  of the river to our Camp at the Great Shute. found Several Indians from 
  the village, I Smoked with them; Soon after my return two Canoes loaded 
  with fish & Bear grass for the trade below, came down,from the village 
  at the mouth of the Catterack River, they unloaded and turned their Canoes 
  up Side down on the beech, & camped under a Shelveing rock below our 
  Camp 
  = 
  one of the men Shot a goose above this Great Shute, which was floating 
  into the Shute when an Indian observed it, plunged into the water & 
  Swam to the Goose and brought in on Shore, at the head of the Suck, as 
  this Indian richly earned the goose I Suffered him to keep it which he 
  about half picked and Spited it up with the guts in it to roste. 
  = 
  This Great Shute or falls is about 1/2 a mile with the water of this great 
  river Compressed within the Space of 150 paces in which there is great 
  numbers of both large and Small rocks, water passing with great velocity 
  forming & boiling in a most horriable manner, with a fall of about 20 
  feet, below it widens to about 200 paces and current gentle for a Short 
  distance. a Short distance above is three Small rockey Islands, and at the 
  head of those falls, three Small rockey Islands are Situated Crosswise the 
  river, Several rocks above in the river & 4 large rocks in the head of 
  the Shute; those obstructions together with the high Stones which are 
  continually brakeing loose from the mountain on the Stard Side and roleing 
  down into the Shute aded to those which brake loose from those Islands 
  above and lodge in the Shute, must be the Cause of the rivers darning up 
  to Such a distance above, where it Shows Such evidant marks of the Common 
  current of the river being much lower than at the present day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0980-1805-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 1st Friday 1805 a verry cold morning wind from N# E and hard Set 
  all hands packing the loading over th portage which is below the Grand 
  Shutes and is 940 yards of bad way over rocks & on Slipery hill Sides 
  The Indians who came down in 2 Canoes last night packed their fish over a 
  portage of 21/2 miles to avoid a 2d Shute. four of them took their canoes 
  over the 1st portage and run the 2d Shute, Great numbers of Sea otters, 
  they are So Cautious that I with deficuelty got a Shute at one to day, 
  which I must have killed but Could not get him as he Sunk 
  = 
  We got all our Canoes and baggage below the Great Shute 3 of the canoes 
  being Leakey from injures recved in hauling them over the rocks, obliged 
  us to delay to have them repaired a bad rapid just below us three Indian 
  canoes loaded with pounded fish for the &c# trade down the river 
  arrived at the upper end of the portage this evening. I Can't lern whether 
  those Indians trade with white people or Inds# below for the Beeds & 
  copper, which they are So fond of ¬ They are nearly necked, prefuring 
  beeds to anything ¬ Those Beeds they trafick with Indians Still higher 
  up this river for Skins robes &c# &c# The Indians on those waters 
  do not appear to be Sickly, Sore eyes are Common and maney have lost their 
  eyes, Some one and, maney both, they have bad teeth, and the greater 
  perpotion of them have worn their teeth down, maney into the gums, They 
  are rather Small high Cheeks, women Small and homely, maney of them had 
  Sweled legs, large about the knees, owing to the position in which they 
  Set on their hams, They are nearly necked only a piece of leather tied 
  about their breech and a Small robe which generally comes to a little 
  below their wastes and Scercely Sufficely large to cover arround them when 
  confined ¬ they are all fond of Clothes but more So of Beeds 
  perticularly blue & white beeds. They are durty in the extreme both in 
  their Coockery and in their houses. 
  = 
  Those at the last Village raise the beads about five feet from the 
  earth ¬ under which they Store their Provisions ¬ Their houses is about 
  33 feet to 50 feet Square, the Bore of which is about 30 Inc. high and 16 
  Inches wide in this form cut in a wide pine board they have maney imeges 
  Cut in wood, generally, in the figure of a man ¬ Those people are high 
  with what they have to Sell, and Say the white people below Give them 
  great Prices for what they Sell to them. Their nose are all Pierced, and 
  the wear a white Shell maney of which are 2 Inch long pushed thro the nose ¬ all 
  the women have flat heads pressed to almost a point at top The press the 
  female childrens heads between 2 bords when young ¬ untill they form the 
  Skul as they wish it which is generally verry flat. This amongst those 
  people is considered as a great mark of butyand is practised in all the 
  tribes we have passed on this river more or less. men take more of the 
  drugery off the women than is common with Indians 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0981-1805-11-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 1st Friday 1805 A verry Cool morning wind hard from the N# E# The 
  Indians who arrived last evining took their Canoes on ther Sholders and 
  Carried them below the Great Shute, we Set about takeing our Small Canoe 
  and all the baggage by land 940 yards of bad Slippery and rockey way The 
  Indians we discoverd took ther loading the whole length of the portage 
  21/2 miles, to avoid a Second Shute which appears verry bad to pass, and 
  thro which they passed with their empty canoes. Great numbers of Sea 
  Otters, they are So cautious that I with dificuelty got a Shot at one to 
  day, which I must have killed, but could not get him as he Sunk 
  = 
  we got all our baggage over the Portage of 940 yards, after which we got 
  the 4 large Canoes over by Slipping them over the rocks on poles placed 
  across from one rock to another, and at Some places along partial Streams 
  of the river. in passing those canoes over the rocks &c# three of them 
  recived injuries which obliged us to delay to have them repared. 
  = 
  Several Indian Canoes arrived at the head of the portage, Some of the men 
  accompanied by those from the village came down to Smoke with us, they 
  appear to Speak the Same language with a little different axcent 
  = 
  I visited the Indian Village found that the Construction of the houses 
  Similar to those abov described, with this difference only that they are 
  larger Say from 35 to 50 feet by 30 feet, raised about 5 feet above the 
  earth, and nearly as much below The Dores in the Same form and Size cut in 
  the wide post which Supports one end of the ridge pole and which is carved 
  and painted with different figures & Hieroglyphics Those people gave 
  me to eate nuts berries & a little dried fish, and Sold me a hat of 
  ther own taste without a brim, and baskets in which they hold their water ¬ Their 
  beads are raised about 41/2 feet, under which they Store away their dried 
  fish, between the part on which they lie and the back wall they Store away 
  their roots burries nuts and valuable articles on mats, which are Spread 
  also around the fire place which is Sunk about one foot lower than the 
  bottom fore of the house, this fire place is about 8 feet long and Six 
  feet wide Secured with a fraim those houses are calculated for 4, 5 & 
  6 families, each familey haveing a nice painted ladder to assend up to 
  their beads. I Saw in those houses Several wooden Images all cut in 
  imitation of men, but differently fasioned and placed in the most 
  conspicious parts of the houses, probably as an orniment I cannot lern 
  certainly as to the traffick those Inds# carry on below, if white people 
  or the indians who trade with the Whites who are either Settled or visit 
  the mouth of this river. I believe mostly with the latter as their 
  knowledge of the white people appears to be verry imperfect, and the 
  articles which they appear to trade mostly i e Pounded fish, Beargrass, 
  and roots; cannot be an object of comerce with furin merchants ¬ however 
  they git in return for those articles Blue and white beeds copper Tea 
  Kitties, brass arm bands, some Scarlet and blue robes and a fiew articles 
  of old clothes, they prefer beeds to any thing and will part with the last 
  mouthfull or articles of clothing they have for a fiew of those beeds, 
  those beeds the trafick with Indians Still higher up this river for roabs, 
  Skins, cha~pel~el bread, beargrass &c# who in their turn trafick with 
  those under the rockey mountains for Beargrass, Pashico roots & robes 
  &c# 
  = 
  The nativs of the waters of the Columbia appear helthy, Some have turners 
  on different parts of their bodies, and Sore and weak Eyes are common, 
  maney have lost their Sight entirely great numbers with one eye out and 
  frequently the other verry weak; This misfortune I must again asscribe to 
  the water &c# They have bad teeth, which is not common with indians, 
  maney have worn their teeth down and Some quite into their gums, this I 
  cannot Satisfactorily account for it, do ascribe it in some measure to 
  their method of eateing, their food, roots pertiularly, which they make 
  use of as they are taken out of the earth frequently nearly covered with 
  Sand, I have not Seen any of their long roots offered for Sale clear of 
  Sand. They are rether below the Common Size high cheeks womin Small and 
  homely, and have Swelled legs and thighs, and their knees remarkably large 
  which I ascribe to the method in which they Sit on their hams ¬ go nearly 
  necked wareing only a piece of leather tied about their breast which falls 
  down nearly as low as the waste, a Small roabe about 3 feet Square, and a 
  piece of leather tied about their breach, They have all flat heads in this 
  quarter They are tirty in the extream, both in their person and cooking, 
  ware their hare loose hanging in every direction. They asc high prices for 
  what they Sell and Say that the white people below give great prices for 
  every thing &c# 
  = 
  The noses are all pierced and when they are dressed they have a long 
  tapered piece of white shell or wampum put through the nose, Those Shells 
  are about 2 inches in length. I observed in maney of the villeages which I 
  have passed, the heads of the female children in the press for the purpose 
  of compressing their heads in their infancy into a certain form, between 
  two boards 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0982-1805-11-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 2d Saturday 1805 Meridian altitude 59° 45' 45" made a portage of 
  about 11/2 miles with half of the Baggage, and run the rapid with the 
  Canoes without much damage, one Struck a rock & Split a little, and 3 
  others took in Some water 7 Squars Came over the portage loaded with Dried 
  fish & Beargrass, Soon after 4 men Came down in a Canoe after takeing 
  brackfast, & after taking a meridian altitude we Set out Passed 2 bad 
  rapids one at 2 & the other at 4 mile below the Isd on Lard# and upper 
  end of Strawberry Island on the Stard# Side from the Creek end of last 
  Course 
  = 
  We Labiech killed 14 Geese & a Brant, Collins one Jos. Fields & R#
  3 those gees are much Smaller than Common, and have white under their 
  rumps & around the tale, The tide rises here a fiew 9 Inches, I cannot 
  assertain the prosise hite it rises at the last rapid or at this placeof 
  Camp. 
  = 
  The Indians we left at the portage passed us this evening one other Canoe 
  Come up 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0983-1805-11-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 2nd Saturday 1805 Examined the rapid below us more pertcelarly 
  the danger appearing too great to Hazzard our Canoes loaded, dispatched 
  all the men who could not Swim with loads to the end of the portage below, 
  I also walked to the end of the portage with the carriers where I delayed 
  untill everry articles was brought over and canoes arrived Safe. here we 
  brackfast and took a Meridn. altitude 59°45'45" about the time we were 
  Setting out 7 Squars came over loaded with Dried fish, and bear grass 
  neetly bundled up, Soon after 4 Indian men came down over the rapid in a 
  large canoe. passed a rapid at 2 miles & 1 at 4 miles opposit the 
  lower point of a high Island on the Lard Side, and a little below 4 Houses 
  on the Stard# Bank, a Small Creek on the Lard Side opposit Straw berry 
  Island, which heads below the last rapid, opposit the lower point of this 
  Island passed three Islands covered with tall timber opposit the Beatin 
  rock Those Islands are nearest the Starboard Side, imediately below on the 
  Stard# Side passed a village of nine houses, which is Situated between 2 
  Small Creeks, and are of the Same construction of those above; here the 
  river widens to near a mile, and the bottoms are more extensive and 
  thickly timbered, as also the high mountains on each Side, with Pine, 
  Spruce pine, Cotton wood, a Species of ash, and alder. at 17 miles passed 
  a rock near the middle of the river, about 100 feet high and 80 feet 
  Diamuter, proceed on down a Smoth gentle Stream of about 2 miles wide, in 
  which the tide has its effect as high as the Beaten rock or the Last 
  rapids at Strawberry Island, ¬ Saw great numbers of waterfowl of 
  Different kinds, Such as Swan, Geese, white & grey brants, ducks of 
  various kinds, Guls, & Pleaver. Labeach killed 14 brantjoseph Fields 3 
  & Collins one. we encamped under a high projecting rock on the Lard# 
  Side, here the mountains leave the river on each Side, which from the 
  great Shute to this place is high and rugid; thickly Covered with timber 
  principalley of the Pine Species. The bottoms below appear extensive and 
  thickly Covered with wood. river here about 21/2 miles wide. Seven Indians 
  in a Canoe on their way down to trade with the nativs below, encamp with 
  us, those we left at the portage passed us this evening and proceeded on 
  down The ebb tide rose here about 9 Inches, the flood tide must rise here 
  much higher ¬ we made 29 miles to day from the Great Shute ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0984-1805-11-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 3rd Sunday 1805 The fog So thick this morning we did not think it 
  prudent to Set out untill 10 oClock we Set out and proceeded on verry 
  well, accompanied by our Indian friends ¬ This morning Labich killed 3 
  Geese flying Collins killed a Duck ¬ The water rose Inches last night 
  the effects of tide. The Countrey has a handsom appearance in advance no 
  mountains extensive bottoms ¬ the water Shallow for a great distance 
  from Shore. The fog continued thick untill 12 oClock, we Coasted, and 
  halted at the mouth of a large river on the Lard Side, This river throws 
  out emence quanty of Sand and is verry Shallow, th narrowest part 200 
  yards wide bold Current, much resembling the river Plat, Several Islands 
  about 1 mile up and has a Sand bar of 3 miles in extent imedeately in its 
  mouth, discharging it waters by 2 mouths, and Crowding its Corse Sands So 
  as to throw the Columbian waters on its Nothern banks, & confdg it to 
  1/2 ms# in width Passed a Small Prarie on the Stard# Side above, a large 
  Creek opposit qk Sand River on the Stard# Side, extensive bottoms and low 
  hilley Countrey on each Side (good wintering Place) a high peaked mountain 
  Suppose to be Mt. Hood is on the Lard Side S# 85 E# 40 miles distant from 
  the mouth of quick Sand river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0985-1805-11-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 3rd Sunday 1805 The Fog So thick this morning that we could not 
  See a man 50 Steps off, this fog detained us untill 10 oClock at which 
  time we Set out, accompanied by our Indian friends who are from a village 
  near the great falls, previous to our Setting out Collins killed a large 
  Buck, and Labiech killed 3 Geese flying. I walked on the Sand beech Lard# 
  Side, opposit the canoes as they passed allong. The under groth rushes, 
  vines &c# in the bottoms too thick to pass through, at 3 miles I 
  arrived at the enterance of a river which appeared to Scatter over a Sand 
  bar, the bottom of which I could See quite across and did not appear to be 
  4 Inches deep in any part; I attempted to wade this Stream and to my 
  astonishment found the bottom a quick Sand, and impassable ¬ I called 
  to the Canoes to put to Shore, I got into the Canoe and landed below the 
  mouth, & Capt Lewis and my Self walked up this river about 11/2 miles 
  to examine this river which we found to be a verry Considerable Stream 
  Dischargeing its waters through 2 Chanels which forms an Island of about 3 
  miles in length on the river and 11/2 miles wide, composed of Corse Sand 
  which is thrown out of this quick Sand river Compressing the waters of the 
  Columbia and throwing the whole Current of its waters against its Northern 
  banks, within a Chanel of 1/2 a mile wide, Several Small Islands 1 mile up 
  this river, This Stream has much the appearance of the River Plait; 
  roleing its quick Sands into the bottoms with great velocity after which 
  it is divided into 2 Chanels by a large Sand bar before mentioned, the 
  narrowest part of this River is 120 yards ¬ on the Opposit Side of the 
  Columbia a falls in above this Creek on the Same Side is a Small prarie. 
  extensive low country on each Side thickly timbered. 
  = 
  The Quick Sand river appears to pass through the low countrey at the foot 
  of those high range of mountains in a Southerly direction, ¬ The large 
  Creeks which fall into the Columbia on the Stard# Side rise in the Same 
  range of mountains to the N# N# E# and pass through Some ridgey land ¬ A 
  Mountain which we Suppose to be Mt. Hood is S# 85 E about 47 miles distant 
  from the mouth of quick sand river This mtn. is Covered with Snow and in 
  the range of mountains which we have passed through and is of a Conical 
  form but rugid ¬ after takeing dinner at the mouth of this river we 
  proceeded on passed the head of a Island near the lard Side back of which 
  on the Same Side and near the head a large Creek falls in, and nearly 
  opposit & 3 miles below the upper mouth of quick Sand river is the 
  lower mouth, This Island is 31/2 miles long, has rocks at the upper point, 
  Some timber on the borders of this Island in the middle open and ponney. 
  Some rugid rocks in the middle of the Stream opposit this Island. 
  proceeded in to Center of a large Island in the middle of the river which 
  we call Dimond Isld# from its appearance, here we met 15 Indn men in 2 
  canoes from below, they informed us they Saw 3 vestles below &c# &c# 
  we landed on the North Side of this Dimond Island and Encamped, Capt# L 
  walked out with his gun on the Island, Sent out hunters & fowlers ¬ below 
  quick Sand River the Countrey is low rich and thickly timbered on each 
  Side of the river, the Islands open & Some ponds river wide and emence 
  numbers of fowls flying in every direction Such as Swan, geese, Brants, 
  Cranes, Stalks, white guls, comerants & plevers &c# also great 
  numbers of Sea Otter in the river ¬ a Canoe arrived from the village 
  below the last rapid with a man his wife and 3 children, and a woman whome 
  had been taken prisoner from the Snake Inds# on Clarks River I Sent the 
  Interpreters wife who is a So So ne or Snake Indian of the Missouri, to 
  Speake to this Squar, they Could not understand each other Sufficiently to 
  Converse. This familey and the Inds# we met from below continued with us 
  Capt Lewis borrowed a Small Canoe of those Indians & 4 men took her 
  across to a Small lake in the Isld# Cap L# and 3 men Set out after night 
  in this Canoe in Serch of the Swans, Brants Ducks &c# &c# which 
  appeared in great numbers in the Lake, he Killed a Swan and Several Ducks 
  which made our number of fowls this evening 3 Swan, 8 brant and 5 Ducks, 
  on which we made a Sumptious Supper. We gave the Indian ¬ who lent the Canoe 
  a brant, and Some meat to the others. one of those Indians, the man from 
  the village near the lower Rapids has a gun with a brass barrel & Cock 
  of which he prises highly ¬ note the mountain we Saw from near the 
  forks proves to be Mount Hood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0986-1805-11-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 4th Monday 1805 A Cloudy Cool morning, wind West, we Set out at 1/2 
  past 8 oClock having dispatched 4 men in the Small canoe to hunt 
  = 
    <h3> 
  (Those people men & women heads are flat) 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  We landed at a village 200 men of Flatheads of 25 houses 50 canoes built 
  of Straw, we were treated verry kindly by them, they gave us round root 
  near the Size of a hens egg roasted which they call Wap~to to eate 
  = 
  I walked out on the Stard# Side found the country fine, an open Prarie for 
  1 mile back of which the wood land comence riseing back, the timber on the 
  edge of the Prarie is white oke, back is Spruce pine & other Species 
  of Pine mixed Some under groth of a wild crab & a Specis of wood I'm 
  not acquainted, a Specis of maple & Cotton wood grow near this river, 
  Some low bushes 
  = 
  Indians continue to be with us, Several Canoes Continue with us, The 
  Indians at the last village have more Cloth and uriopian trinkets than 
  above I Saw Some Guns, a Sword, maney Powder flasks, Salers jackets, 
  overalls, hats & Shirts, Copper and Brass trinkets with few Beeds 
  only. dureing the time I was at Dinner the Indians Stold my tomahawk which 
  I made use of to Smoke I Serched but Could not find it, a Pond on the 
  Stard Side, off from the river. Raspberries and  ¿¿  are also in the 
  bottoms ¬ met a large and Small canoe with 12 men from below the men 
  were dressed with a variety of articles of European manufactory the large 
  Canoe had emeges on the bow & Stern handsomly Carved in wood & 
  painted with the figur of a Bear in front & man in a Stern. Saw white 
  geese with black wings ¬ Saw a Small Crab~apple with all the taste 
  & flavor of the Common ¬ Those Indians were all armed with Pistols 
  or bows and arrows ready Sprung war axes &c# 
  = 
  Mount Hellen bears N# 25° E about 80 miles, this is the mountain we Saw 
  near the foks of this river. it is emensely high and covered with Snow, 
  riseing in a kind of Cone perhaps the highest pinecal from the common 
  leavel in america passed a village of 4 hs# on the Stard Side at 2 mils, 
  one at 3 mls. 
  = 
  One deer 2 Ducks & Brant killed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0987-1805-11-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 4th Monday 1805 A cloudy cool morning wind from the West we Set 
  out at 1/2 past 8 oClock, one man Shannon Set out early to walk on the 
  Island to kill Something, he joined us at the lower point with a Buck. 
  This Island is 6 miles long and near 3 miles wide thinly timbered (Tide 
  rose last night 18 inches perpndicular at Camp) near the lower point of 
  this dimond Island is The head of a large Island Seperated from a Small 
  one by a narrow chanel, and both Situated nearest the Lard Side, those 
  Islands as also the bottoms are thickly Covered with Pine &c# river 
  wide, Country low on both Sides; on the Main Lard Shore a Short distance 
  below the last Island we landed at a village of 25 Houses; 24 of those 
  houses were thached with Straw, and covered with bark, the other House is 
  built of boards in the form of those above, except that it is above ground 
  and about 50 feet in length and covered with broad Split boards This 
  village contains about 200 men of the Skil~loot nation I counted 52 canoes 
  on the bank in front of this village maney of them verry large and raised 
  in bow. we recognised the man who over took us last night, he invited us 
  to a lodge in which he had Some part and gave us a roundish roots about 
  the Size of a Small Irish potato which they roasted in the embers until 
  they became Soft, This root they call Wap~pa~to which the Bulb of the 
  Chinese cultivate in great quantities called the Sa~git ti folia or common 
  arrow head. it has an agreeable taste and answers verry well in place of 
  bread. we purchased about 4 bushels of this root and divided it to our 
  party, at 7 miles below this village passed the upper point of a large 
  Island nearest the Lard Side, a Small Prarie in which there is a pond 
  opposit on the Stard# here I landed and walked on Shore, about 3 miles a 
  fine open Prarie for about 1 mile, back of which the countrey rises 
  gradually and wood land comencies Such as white oake, pine of different 
  kinds, wild crabs with the taste and flavour of the common crab and 
  Several Species of undergroth of which I am not acquainted, a few 
  Cottonwood trees & the Ash of this countrey grow Scattered on the 
  river bank, Saw Some Elk and Deer Sign and Joined Capt# Lewis at a place 
  he had landed with the party for Diner. Soon after Several Canoes of 
  Indians from the village above came down dressed for the purpose as I 
  Supposed of Paying us a friendly visit, they had Scarlet & blue 
  blankets Salors jackets, overalls, Shirts and Hats independant of their 
  Usial dress; the most of them had either war axes Spears or Bows Sprung 
  with quivers of arrows, Muskets or pistols, and tin flasks to hold their 
  powder; Those fellows we found assumeing and disagreeable, however we 
  Smoked with them and treated them with every attention & friendship. 
  = 
  dureing the time we were at dinner those fellows Stold my pipe Tomahawk 
  which They were Smoking with, I imediately Serched every man and the 
  canoes, but Could find nothing of my Tomahawk, while Serching for the 
  Tomahawk one of those Scoundals Stole a Cappoe of one of our interpreters, 
  which was found Stufed under the root of a treer, near the place they Sat, 
  we became much displeased with those fellows, which they discovered and 
  moved off on their return home to their village, except 2 canoes which had 
  passed on down ¬ we proceeded on met a large & a Small Canoe from 
  below, with 12 men the large Canoe was ornimented with Images carved in 
  wood the figures of a Bear in front & a man in Stern, Painted & 
  fixed verry netely on the of the Canoe, rising to near the hight of a man 
  two Indians verry finely Dressed & with hats on was in this canoe 
  passed the lower point of the Island which is nine miles in length haveing 
  passed 2 Islands on the Stard Side of this large Island, three Small 
  Islands at its lower point. the Indians make Signs that a village is 
  Situated back of those Islands on the Lard# Side and I believe that a 
  Chanel is Still on the Lrd, Side as a Canoe passed in between the Small 
  Islands, and made Signs that way, probably to traffick with Some of the 
  nativs liveing on another Chanel, at 3 miles lower, and 12 Leagues below 
  quick Sand river passed a village of four large houses on The Lard# Side, 
  near which we had a full view of Mt. Helien which is perhaps the highest 
  pinical in America from their base it bears N# 25° E about 90 miles ¬ This 
  is the mountain I Saw from the Muscle Shell rapid on the 19th of October 
  last Covered with Snow, it rises Something in the form of a Sugar lofe ¬ about 
  a mile lower passed a Single house on the Lard# Side, and one on the 
  Stard# Side, passed a village on each Side and Camped near a house on the 
  Stard# Side we proceeded on untill one hour after dark with a view to get 
  clear of the nativs who was constantly about us, and troublesom, finding 
  that we could not get Shut of those people for one night, we landed and 
  Encamped on the Stard# Side Soon after 2 canoes Came to us loaded with 
  Indians, we purchased a fiew roots of them. 
  = 
  This evening we Saw vines much resembling the raspberry which is verry 
  thick in the bottoms. A range of high hills at about 5 miles on the Lard 
  Side which runs S# E# & N W# Covered with tall timber the bottoms 
  below in this range of hills and the river is rich and leavel, Saw White 
  geese with a part of their wings black. The river here is 11/2 miles wide, 
  and current jentle. opposit to our camp on a Small Sandy Island the brant 
  & geese make Such a noise that it will be impossible for me to Sleap. 
  we made 29 miles to day Killed a Deer and Several brant and ducks. I Saw a 
  Brarow tamed at the 1st village to day The Indians which we have passd to 
  day of the Scil~loot nation in their language from those near & about 
  the long narrows of the Che~luc~it~te~quar or E~chee~lute, their dress 
  differ but little, except they have more of the articles precured from the 
  white traders, they all have flatened heads both men and women, live 
  principally on fish and Wap pa toe roots, they also kill Some fiew Elk and 
  Deer, dureing the Short time I remained in their village they brought in 
  three Deer which they had killed with their Bow & arrows. They are 
  thievishly inclined as we have experienced. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0988-1805-11-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 5th Tuesday 1805 a Cloudy morning Som rain the after part of last 
  night & this morning. I could not Sleep for the noise kept by the 
  Swans, Geese, white & black brant, Ducks &c# on a opposit base, 
  & Sand hill Crane, they were emensely numerous and their noise horrid. 
  We Set out at Sun rise & our hunters killed 10 Brant 4 of which were 
  white with black wings 2 Ducks, and a Swan which were divided, we Came too 
  and Encamped on the Lard# Side under a high ridgey land, the high land 
  come to the river on each Side. the river about 11/2 mile wide. those high 
  lands rise gradually from the river & bottoms ¬ we are all wet 
  Cold and disagreeable, rain Continues & encreases. I killed a Pheasent 
  which is very fat ¬ my feet and legs cold. I saw 17 Snakes to day on a 
  Island, but little appearance of Frost at this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0989-1805-11-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 5th Tuesday 1805 Rained all the after part of last night, rain 
  continues this morning, I slept but verry little last night for the noise 
  Kept dureing the whole of the night by the Swans, Geese, white & Grey 
  Brant Ducks &c# on a Small Sand Island close under the Lard# Side; 
  they were emensely noumerous, and their noise horid ¬ we Set out early 
  here the river is not more than 3/4 of a mile in width, passed a Small 
  Prarie on the Stard# Side passed 2 houses about 1/2 a mile from each other 
  on the Lard# Side a Canoe came from the upper house, with 3 men in it 
  mearly to view us, passed an Isld# Covered with tall trees & green 
  briers Seperated from the Stard# Shore by a narrow Chanel at 9 miles I 
  observed on the Chanel which passes on the Stard Side of this Island a 
  Short distance above its lower point is Situated a large village, the 
  front of which occupies nearly 1/4 of a mile fronting the Chanel, and 
  closely Connected, I counted 14 houses in front here the river widens to 
  about 11/2 miles. Seven canoes of Indians came out from this large village 
  to view and trade with us, they appeared orderly and well disposed, they 
  accompanied us a fiew miles and returned back. about 111/2 miles below 
  this village on the Lard Side behind a rockey Sharp point, we passed a 
  Chanel 1/4 of a mile wide, which I take to be the one the Indian Canoe 
  entered yesterday from the lower point of Immage Canoe Island a Some low 
  clifts of rocks below this Chanel, a large Island Close under the Stard 
  Side opposit, and 2 Small Islands, below, here we met 2 canoes from below, ¬ below 
  those Islands a range of high hills form the Stard# Bank of the river, the 
  Shore bold and rockey, Covered with a thick groth of Pine an extensive low 
  Island, Seperated from the Lard side by a narrow Chanel, on this Island we 
  Stoped to Dine I walked out found it open & covered with grass 
  interspersed with Small ponds, in which was great numbr. of foul, the 
  remains of an old village on the lower part of this Island, I saw Several 
  deer our hunters killed on this Island a Swan, 4 white 6 Grey brant & 
  2 Ducks all of them were divided, below the lower point of this Island a 
  range of high hills) which runs S# E# forms the Lard# bank of the river 
  the Shores bold and rockey & hills Covered with pine, The high hills 
  leave the river on the Stard# Side a high bottom between the hill & 
  river. We met 4 Canoes of Indians from below, in which there is 26 
  Indians, one of those Canoes is large, and ornimented with Images on the 
  bow & Stern. That in the Bow the likeness of a Bear, and in Stern the 
  picture of a man ¬ we landed on the Lard# Side & camped a little 
  below the mouth of a creek on the Stard# Side a little below the mouth of 
  which is an Old Village which is now abandaned; here the river is about 
  one and a half miles wide, and deep, The high Hills which run in a N W# 
  & S E# derection form both banks of the river the Shore boald and 
  rockey, the hills rise gradually & are Covered with a thick groth of 
  pine &c# The valley which is from above the mouth of Quick Sand River 
  to this place may be computed at 60 miles wide on a Derect line, & 
  extends a great Distanc to the right & left rich thickly Covered with 
  tall timber, with a fiew Small Praries bordering on the river and on the 
  Islands; Some fiew Standing Ponds & Several Small Streams of running 
  water on either Side of the river; This is certainly a fertill and a 
  handsom valley, at this time Crouded with Indians. The day proved Cloudy 
  with rain the greater part of it, we are all wet cold and disagreeable ¬ I 
  Saw but little appearance of frost in this valley which we call Wap~pa~loo 
  Columbia from that root or plants growing Spontaneously in this valley 
  only In my walk of to Day I saw 17 Striped Snakes I killed a grouse which 
  was verry fat, and larger than Common. This is the first night which we 
  have been entirely clear of Indians Since our arrival on the waters of the 
  Columbia River. We made 32 miles to day by estimation ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0990-1805-11-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 6th Wednesday a cold wet morning. rain Contd. untill  ¿¿  oClock 
  we Set out early & proceeded on the Corse of last night &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0991-1805-11-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 6th Wednesday 1805 A cool wet raney morning we Set out early at 4 
  miles pass 2 Lodges of Indians in a Small bottom on the Lard Side I 
  believe those Indians to be travelers. opposit is the head of a long 
  narrow Island close under the Starboard Side, back of this Island two 
  Creeks fall in about 6 miles apart, and appear to head in the high hilley 
  countrey to the N# E# opposit this long Island is 2 others one Small and 
  about the middle of the river. the other larger and nearly opposit its 
  lower point, and opposit a high clift of Black rocks on the Lard# Side at 
  14 miles: here the Indians of the 2 Lodges we passed to day came in their 
  canoes with Sundery articles to Sell, we purchased of them Wap~pa~too 
  roots, Salmon trout, and I purchased 2 beaver Skins for which I gave 5 
  Small fish hooks. here the hills leave the river on the Lard# Side, a 
  butifull open and extensive bottom in which there is an old Village, one 
  also on the Stard# Side a little above both of which are abandened by all 
  their inhabitents except Two Small dogs nearly Starved, and an 
  unreasonable portion of flees ¬ The Hills and mountains are covered 
  with Sever kinds of Pine~Arber Vitea or white Cedar, red Loril, alder and 
  Several Species of under groth, the bottoms have common rushes, nettles, 
  & grass the Slashey parts have Bull rushes & flags ¬ Some 
  willow on the waters edge, passed an Island 3 miles long and one mile 
  wide, close under the Stard# Side below the long narrow Island below which 
  the Stard Hills are verry from the river bank and Continues high and rugid 
  on that Side all day, we over took two Canoes of Indians going down to 
  trade one of the Indians Spoke a fiew words of english and Said that the 
  principal man who traded with them was Mr# Haley, and that he had a woman 
  in his Canoe who Mr# Haley was fond of &c# he Showed us a Bow of Iron 
  and Several other things which he Said Mr# Haley gave him. we came too to 
  Dine on the long narrow Island found the woods So thick with under groth 
  that the hunters could not get any distance into the Isld# the red wood, 
  and Green bryors interwoven, and mixed with pine, alder, a Specis of 
  Beech, ash &c# we killed nothing to day The Indians leave us in the 
  evening, river about one mile wide hills high and Steep on the Std# no 
  place for Several Miles suffcently large and leavil for our camp we at 
  length Landed at a place which by moveing the Stones we made a place 
  Sufficently large for the party to lie leavil on the Smaller Stones Clear 
  of the Tide Cloudy with rain all day we are all wet and disagreeable, had 
  large fires made on the Stone and dried our bedding and Kill the flees, 
  which collected in our blankets at every old village we encamped near I 
  had like to have forgotten a verry remarkable Knob riseing from the edge 
  of the water to about 80 feet high, and about 200 paces around at its Base 
  and Situated on the long narrow Island above and nearly opposit to the 2 
  Lodges we passed to day, it is Some distance from the high land & in a 
  low part of the Island 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0992-1805-11-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 7th Thursday 1805 a Cloudy fogey morning, a little rain. Set out 
  at 8 oClock proceeded on 
  = 
  The womens peticoat is about 15 Inches long made of arber vita or the 
  white Cedar bark wove to a String and hanging down in tossles and tied So 
  as to cover from their hips as low as the peticoat will reach and only 
  Covers them when Standing, as in any other position the Tosels Seperate. 
  Those people Sold us otter Skins for fish hooks of which they wer fond 
  = 
  We delayed 11/2 hour & Set out the tide being up in & the river So 
  Cut with Islands we got an Indian to pilot us into the main chanel one of 
  our Canoes Seperated from us this morning in the fog ¬ great numbers 
  of water fowls of every descriptn. common to this river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0993-1805-11-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 7th Thursday 1805 A cloudy foggey morning Some rain. we Set out 
  early proceeded under the Stard Shore under a high rugid hills with Steep 
  assent the Shore boalt and rockey, the fog So thick we could not See 
  across the river, two Canos of Indians met and returned with us to their 
  village which is Situated on the Stard Side behind a cluster of Marshey 
  Islands, on a narrow chanl. of the river through which we passed to the 
  Village of 4 Houses, they gave us to eate Some fish, and Sold us, fish, 
  Wap pa to roots three dogs and 2 otter Skins for which we gave fish hooks 
  principally of which they were verry fond. 
  = 
  Those people call themselves War~ci~a~cum and Speake a language different 
  from the nativs above with whome they trade for the Wapato roots of which 
  they make great use of as food. their houses differently built, raised 
  entirely above ground eaves about 5 feet from the ground Supported and 
  covered in the same way of those above, dotes about the Same size but in 
  the Side of the house in one Corner, one fire place and that near the 
  opposit end; around which they have their beads raised about 4 feet from 
  the fore which is of earth, under their beads they Store away baskets of 
  dried fish Berries & wappato, over the fire they hang the flesh as 
  they take them and which they do not make immediate use. Their Canoes are 
  of the Same form of those above. The Dress of the men differ verry little 
  from those above, The womin altogether different, their robes are Smaller 
  only Covering their Sholders & falling down to near the hip ¬ and 
  Sometimes when it is Cold a piec of fur curiously plated and connected So 
  as to meet around the body from the arms to the hips The garment which 
  occupies the waist and thence as low as the knee before and mid leg 
  behind, cannot properly be called a petticoat, in the common acception of 
  the word; it is a Tissue formed of white Cedar bark bruised or broken into 
  Small Straps, which are interwoven in their center by means of Several 
  cords of the Same materials which Serves as well for a girdle as to hold 
  in place the Straps of bark which forms the tissue, and which Strans, 
  Confined in the middle, hang with their ends pendulous from the waiste, 
  the whole being of Suffcent thickness when the female Stands erect to 
  conceal those parts useally covered from familiar view, but when she 
  stoops or places herself in any other attitudes this battery of Venus is 
  not altogether impervious to the penetrating eye of the amorite. This 
  tissue is Sometims formed of little Strings of the Silk grass twisted and 
  knoted at their ends &c# Those Indians are low and ill Shaped all flat 
  heads 
  = 
  after delaying at this village one hour and a half we Set out piloted by 
  an Indian dressed in a Salors dress, to the main Chanel of the river, the 
  tide being in we Should have found much dificuelty in passing into the 
  main Chanel from behind those islands, without a pilot, a large marshey 
  Island near the middle of the river near which Several Canoes Came allong 
  Side with Skins, roots fish &c# to Sell, and had a temporey residence 
  on this Island, here we See great numbers of water fowls about those 
  marshey Islands; here the high mountanious Countrey approaches the river 
  on the Lard Side, a high mountn. to the S W# about 20 miles, the high 
  mountans. Countrey Continue on the Stard Side, about 14 miles below the 
  last village and 18 miles of this day we landed at a village of the Same 
  nation. This village is at the foot of the high hills on the Stard Side 
  back OF 2 Small Islands it contains 7 indifferent houses built in the Same 
  form of those above, here we purchased a Dog Some fish, wappato roots and 
  I purchased 2 beaver Skins for the purpose of makeing me a roab, as the 
  robe I have is rotten and good for nothing. opposit to this Village the 
  high mountaneous Countrey leave the river on the Lard Side below which the 
  river widens into a kind of Bay & is Crouded with low Islands Subject 
  to be Covered by the tides ¬ we proceeded on about 12 miles below the 
  Village under a high mountaneous Countrey on the Stard# Side. Shore boald 
  and rockey and Encamped under a high hill on the Stard# Side opposit to a 
  rock Situated half a mile from the Shore, about 50 feet high and 20 feet 
  Diamieter, we with dificuelty found a place Clear of the tide and 
  Sufficiently large to lie on and the only place we could get was on round 
  Stones on which we lay our mats rain Continud. moderately all day & 
  Two Indians accompanied us from the last village, they we detected in 
  Stealing a knife and returned, our Small Canoe which got Seperated in the 
  fog this morning joined us this evening from a large Island Situated 
  nearest the Lard Side below the high hills on that Side, the river being 
  too wide to See either the form Shape or Size of the Islands on the Lard 
  Side. 
  = 
  Great joy in camp we are in View of the Ocian, this great Pacific Octean 
  which we been So long anxious to See. and the roreing or noise made by the 
  waves brakeing on the rockey Shores (as I Suppose) may be heard distictly 
  = 
  we made 34 miles to day as Computed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0994-1805-11-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 8th Friday 1805 a cloudy morning Some rain and wind we Changed our 
  Clothes and Set out at 9 oClock proceeded on Close under the Stard# Side 
  = 
  R# Fields Killed a goose & 2 Canvis back Ducks in this bay after 
  Dinner we took the advantage of the returning tide & proceeded on to 
  the 2d point, at which place we found the Swells too high to proceed we 
  landed and drew our canoes up So as to let the tide leave them. The three 
  Indians after Selling us 4 fish for which we gave Seven Small fishing 
  hooks, and a piece of red Cloth. Some fine rain at intervales all this 
  day. the Swells Continued high all the evening & we are Compelled to 
  form an Encampment on a Point Scercely room Sufficent for us all to lie 
  Clear of the tide water. hills high & with a Steep assent, river wide 
  & at this place too Salt to be used for Drink. we are all wet and 
  disagreeable, as we have been Continually for Severl# days past, we are at 
  a loss & cannot find out if any Settlement is near the mouth of this 
  river. 
  = 
  The Swells were So high and the Canoes roled in Such a manner as to cause 
  Several to be verry Sick. Reuben fields, Wiser McNeal & the Squar wer 
  of the number 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0995-1805-11-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 8th Friday 1805 A Cloudy morning Some rain, we did not Set out 
  untill 9 oClock, haveing Changed our Clothing ¬ proceeded on Close 
  under the Stard# Side, the hills high with Steep assent, Shore boald and 
  rockey Several low Islands in a Deep bend or Bay to the Lard Side, river 
  about 5 or 7 miles wide. three Indians in a Canoe overtook us, with Salmon 
  to Sell, passed 2 old villages on the Stard# Side and at 3 miles entered a 
  nitch of about 6 miles wide and 5 miles deep with Several Creeks makeing 
  into the Stard Hills, this nitch we found verry Shallow water and Call it 
  the Shallow nitch we came too at the remains of an old village at the 
  bottom of this nitch and dined, here we Saw great numbers of fowl, Sent 
  out 2 men and they killed a Goose and two Canves back Ducks here we found 
  great numbers of Hees which we treated with the greatest caution and 
  distance; after Diner the Indians left us and we took the advantage of a 
  returning tide and proceeded on to the Second point on the Std# here we 
  found the Swells or waves So high that we thought it imprudent to proceed; 
  we landed unloaded and drew up our Canoes. Some rain all day at 
  intervales; we are all wet and disagreeable, as we have been for Several 
  days past, and our present Situation a verry disagreeable one in as much; 
  as we have not leavel land Sufficient for an encampment and for our 
  baggage to lie Cleare of the tide, the High hills jutting in So Close and 
  Steep that we cannot retreat back, and the water of the river too Salt to 
  be used, added to this the waves are increasing to Such a hight that we 
  cannot move from this place, in this Situation we are compelled to form 
  our Camp between the hite of the Ebb and flood tides, and rase our baggage 
  on logs ¬ We are not certain as yet if the whites people who trade 
  with those people or from whome they precure ther goods are Stationary at 
  the mouth, or visit this quarter at Stated times for the purpose of 
  trafick &c# I believe the latter to be the most probable conjucture ¬ The 
  Seas roled and tossed the Canoes in Such a manner this evening that 
  Several of our party were Sea Sick. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0996-1805-11-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 9th Saturday 1805 The tide of last night obliged us to unload all 
  the Canoes one of which Sunk before She was unloaded by the high waves or 
  Swells which accompanied the returning tide, The others we unloaded, and 3 
  others was filled with water Soon after by the Swells or high Sees which 
  broke against the Shore imediately where we lay, rained hard all the fore 
  part of the day, the tide which rose untill 2 oClock P M to day brought 
  with it Such emence Swells or waves, added to a hard wind from the South 
  which Loosened the Drift trees which is verry thick on the Shores, and 
  tossed them about in Such a manner, as to endanger our Canoes very much, 
  with every exertion and the Strictest attention by the party was Scercely 
  Suffient to defend our Canoes from being Crushed to pieces between those 
  emensely large trees maney of them 200 feet long and 4 feet through. The 
  tide of this day rose about  ¿¿  feet & 15 Inches higher than 
  yesterday this is owing to the wind which Sets in from the ocian, we are 
  Compelled to move our Camp from the water, as also the loading every man 
  as wet all the last night and this day as the rain Could make them which 
  Contind. all day. at 4 oClock the wind Shifted about to the S# W 
  imediately from the ocian and blew a Storm for about 2 hours, raised the 
  tide verry high all wet & cold Labiech killed 4 Ducks very fat & 
  R# Fields Saw Elk Sign. 
  = 
  not withstanding the disagreeable time of the party for Several days past 
  they are all Chearfull and full of anxiety to See further into the ocian. 
  the water is too Salt to Drink, we use rain water. The Salt water has 
  acted on some of the party already as a Pergitive. rain continus. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0997-1805-11-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 9th Saturday 1805 The tide of last night did not rise Sufficintly 
  high to come into our camp, but the Canoes which was exposed to the mercy 
  of the waves &c# which accompanied the returning tide, they all 
  filled, and with great attention we Saved them untill the tide left them 
  dry ¬ wind Hard from the South and rained hard all the fore part of 
  the day, at 2 oClock P M the flood tide came in accompanied with emence 
  waves and heavy winds, floated the trees and Drift which was on the point 
  on which we Camped and tosed them about in Such a manner as to endanger 
  the Canoes verry much, with every exertion and the Strictest attention by 
  every individual of the party was Scercely Sufficient to Save our Canoes 
  from being crushed by those monsterous trees maney of them nearly 200 feet 
  long and from 4 to 7 feet through. our camp entirely under water dureing 
  the hight of the tide, every man as wet as water could make them all the 
  last night and to day all day as the rain Continued all day, at 4 oClock P 
  M the wind Shifted about to the S# W# and blew with great violence 
  imediately from the Ocian for about two hours, notwithstanding the 
  disagreeable Situation of our party all wet and Cold (and one which they 
  have experienced for Several days past) they are chearfull and anxious to 
  See further into the Ocian, The water of the river being too Salt to use 
  we are obliged to make use of rain water ¬ Some of the party not 
  accustomed to Salt water has made too free a use of it on them it acts as 
  a pergitive. 
  = 
  at this dismal point we must Spend another night as the wind & waves 
  are too high to proceed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0998-1805-11-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 10th Sunday 1805 rained verry hard the greater part of the last 
  night & Continus this morning, the wind has layed and the Swells are 
  fallen. we loaded our Canoes and proceeded on, passed a Deep Bay on the 
  Stard# Side I Call  ¿¿  The wind rose from the N W# and the Swells became 
  So high, we were Compelled to return about 2 miles to a place where we 
  Could unld. our Canoes, which was in a Small Bay on Driftwood, on which we 
  had also to make our fires to dry our Selves as well as we could the Shore 
  being either a Clift of Purpendicular rocks or Steep assents to the hight 
  of 4 or 500 feet, we continued on this drift wood untill about 3 oClock 
  when the evening appearing favourable we loaded & Set out in hopes to 
  turn the Point below and get into a better harber, but finding the waves 
  & Swells continue to rage with great fury below, we got a Safe place 
  for our Stores & a much beter one for the Canoes to lie and formed a 
  Campment on Drift logs in the Same little Bay under a high hill at the 
  enterence of a Small drean which we found verry convt# on account of its 
  water, as that of the river is Brackish ¬ The logs on which we lie is 
  all on flote every high tide ¬ The rain Continud all day ¬ we are 
  all wet, also our beding and many other articles. we are all employed 
  untill late drying our bedding. nothing to eate but Pounded fish 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 0999-1805-11-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 10th Sunday 1805 Rained verry hard the greater part of last night 
  and continues this morning. the wind has luled and the waves are not high; 
  we loaded our canoes and proceeded on passed Several Small and deep nitch 
  on the Stard# Side, we proceeded on about 10 miles Saw great numbers of 
  Sea Guls, the wind rose from the N# W# and the waves became So high that 
  we were compelled to return about 2 miles to a place we Could unload our 
  Canoes, which we did in a Small nitch at the mouth of a Small run on a 
  pile of drift logs where we Continued untill low water, when the river 
  appeared calm we loaded and Set out; but was obliged to return finding the 
  waves too high for our Canoes to ride, we again unloaded the Canoes, and 
  Stoed the loading on a rock above the tide water, and formed a camp on the 
  Drift Logs which appeared to be the only Situation we could find to lie, 
  the hills being either a perpendicular Clift, or Steep assent, riseing to 
  about 500 feet ¬ our Canoes we Secured as well as we could ¬ we 
  are all wet the rain haveing continued all day, our beding and maney other 
  articles, employ our Selves drying our blankets ¬  nothing to eate but dried 
  fish pounded which we brought from the falls. we made 10 miles today 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1000-1805-11-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 11th Monday 1805 a hard rain all the last night we again get wet 
  the rain continue at intervals all day. Wind verry high from S W and blew 
  a Storm all day Sent out Jo# Fields & Collins to hunt. at 12 oClock at 
  a time the wind was verry high and waves tremendeous five Indians Came 
  down in a Canoe loaded with fish of Salmon Spes. Called Red Charr, we 
  purchased of those Indians 13 of these fish, for which we gave, fishing 
  hooks & some trifling things, we had Seen those Indians at a village 
  behind Some marshey Islands a few days ago. they are on their way to trade 
  those fish with white people which they make Signs live below round a 
  point, those people are badly Clad, one is dressd. in an old Salors Jacket 
  & Trouses, the others Elk Skin robes. we are truly unfortunate to be 
  Compelled to lie 4 days nearly in the Same place at a time that our day 
  are precious to us, The Wind Shifted to  ¿¿  the Indians left us and 
  Crossed the river which is about 5 miles wide through the highest Sees I 
  ever Saw a Small vestle ride, their Canoe is Small, maney times they were 
  out of Sight before the were 2 miles off Certain it is they are the best 
  canoe navigators I ever Saw The tide was 3 hours later to day than 
  yesterday and rose much higher, the trees we camped on was all on flote 
  for about 2 hours from 3 untill 5 oClock P M, the great quantities of rain 
  which has fallen losenes the Stones on the Side of the hill & the 
  Small ones fall on us, our Situation is truly a disagreeable one our 
  Canoes in one place at the mercy of the waves our baggage in another and 
  our Selves & party Scattered on drift trees of emense Sizes, & are 
  on what dry land they can find in the Crevices of the rocks & hill 
  Sides 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1001-1805-11-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 11th Monday 1805 A hard rain all the last night, dureing the last 
  tide the logs on which we lay was all on float Sent out Jo Fields to hunt, 
  he Soon returned and informed us that the hills was So high & Steep, 
  & thick with undergroth and fallen Timber that he could not get out 
  any distance; about 12 oClock 5 Indians came down in a canoe, the wind 
  verry high from the S# W# with most tremendious waves brakeing with great 
  violence against the Shores, rain falling in torrents, we are all wet as 
  usial and our Situation is truly a disagreeable one; the great quantites 
  of rain which has loosened the Stones on the hill Sides, and the Small 
  Stones fall down upon us, our canoes at one place at the mercy of the 
  waves, our baggage in another and our Selves and party Scattered on 
  floating logs and Such dry Spots as can be found on the hill Sides, and 
  Crivices of the rocks. we purchased of the Indians 13 red chary which we 
  found to be an excellent fish we have Seen those Indians above and are of 
  a nation who reside above and on the opposit Side who call themselves 
  Call~har~ma they are badly clad & illy made, Small and Speak a 
  language much resembling the last nation, one of those men had on a Salors 
  Jacket and Pantiloons and made Signs that he got those Clothes from the 
  white people who lived below the point &c# those people left us and 
  Crossed the river (which is about 5 miles wide at this place) through the 
  highest waves I ever Saw a Small vestles ride. Those Indians are Certainly 
  the best Canoe navigaters I ever Saw. rained all (lay 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1002-1805-11-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 12th Tuesday 1805 a tremendious thunder Storm abt# 3 oClock this 
  morning accompanied by wind from the S W# and Hail, this Storm of hard 
  Clap's thunder Lighting and hail untill about 6 oClock at intervals it 
  then became light for a Short time when the heavens became darkined by a 
  black Cloud from the S, W, & a hard rain Suckceeded which lasted 
  untill 12 oClock with a hard wind which raised the Seas tremendiously high 
  braking with great force and fury against the rocks & trees on which 
  we lie, as our Situation became Seriously dangerous, we took the advantage 
  of a low tide & moved our Camp around a point a Short distance to a 
  Small wet bottom at the mouth of a Small Creek, which we had not observed 
  when we first Came to this Cove, from its being very thick and obscured by 
  drift trees & thick bushes, Send out men to hunt they found the woods 
  So thick with Pine & timber and under Broth that they could not get 
  through, Saw Some Elk tracks, I walked up this creek & killed 2 Salmon 
  trout, the men killd. 13 of the Salmon Species, The Pine of fur Specs, or 
  Spruc Pine grow here to an emense Size & hight maney of them 7 & 8 
  feet through and upwards of 200 feet high. It would be distressing to a 
  feeling person to See our Situation at this time all wet and cold with our 
  bedding &c# also wet, in a Cove Scercely large nough to Contain us, 
  our Baggage in a Small holler about 1/2 a mile from us, and Canoes at the 
  mercy of the waves & drift wood, we have Scured them as well as it is 
  possible by Sinking and wateing them down with Stones to prevent the 
  emence waves dashing them to pices against the rocks ¬ one got loose 
  last night & was left on a rock by the tide Some distance below 
  without recving much damage. fortunately for us our Men are helthy. It was 
  clear at 12 for a Short time. I observed the Mountains on the opposit Side 
  was covered with Snowour party has been wet for 8 days and is truly 
  disagreeable, their robes & leather Clothes are rotten from being 
  Continually wet, and they are not in a Situation to get others, and we are 
  not in a Situation to restore them ¬ I observe great numbers of Sea 
  guls, flying in every derection ¬ Three men Gibson Bratten & 
  Willard attempted to decend in a Canoe built in the Indian fashion and 
  abt# the Size of the one the Indians visited us in yesterday, they Could 
  not proceed, as the waves tossed them about at will, they returned after 
  proceeding about 1 mile ¬ we got our Selves tolerable Comfortable by 
  drying our Selves & bedding Cought 3 salmon this evining in a Small 
  branch above about 1 mile 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1003-1805-11-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 12th Tuesday 1805 A Tremendious wind from the S# W# about 3 
  oClock this morning with Lightineng and hard claps of Thunder, and Hail 
  which Continued untill 6 oClock a.m. when it became light for a Short 
  time, then the heavens became Sudenly darkened by a black Cloud from the 
  S# W# and rained with great violence untill 12 oClock, the waves 
  tremendious brakeing with great fury against the rocks and trees on which 
  we were encamped. our Situation is dangerous. we took the advantage of a 
  low tide and moved our camp around a point to a Small wet bottom at the 
  mouth of a Brook, which we had not observed when we Came to this cove; 
  from it being verry thick and obscured by drift trees and thick bushes It 
  would be distressing to See our Situation, all wet and Colde our bedding 
  also wet, (and the robes of the party which Compose half the bedding is 
  rotten and we are not in a Situation to supply their places) in a wet 
  bottom Scercely large enough to contain us, our baggage half a mile from 
  us and Canoes at the mercy of the waves, altho Secured as well as 
  possible, Sunk with emence parcels of Stone to wate them down to prevent 
  their dashing to pieces against the rocks; one got loose last night and 
  was left on a rock a Short distance below, without rciving more daminage 
  than a Split in her bottom ¬ Fortunately for us our men are healthy. 3 
  men Gibson Bratten & Willard attempted to go aroud the point below in 
  our Indian Canoe, much Such a canoe as the Indians visited us in 
  yesterday, they proceeded to the point from which they were oblige to 
  return, the waves tossing them about at will I walked up the branch and 
  giged 3 Salmon trout. the party killed 13 Salmon to day in a branch about 
  2 miles above. rain Continued 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1004-1805-11-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 13th Wednesday 1805 Some intervales of fair weather last night, 
  rain and wind Continue this morning, as we are in a Cove & the 
  Mountains verry high & Pine Spruce verry high & thick Cannot 
  deturmine the procise course of the winds. I walked to the top of the 
  first part of the mountain with much fatigue as the distance was about 3 
  miles thro intolerable thickets of Small Pine, arrow wood a groth much 
  resembling arrow wood with briers, growing to 10 & 15 feet high 
  interlocking with each other & Furn, aded to this difficulty the hill 
  was So Steep that I was obliged to drawing my Self up in many places by 
  the bowers, the Countrey Continues thick and hilley as far back a I could 
  See. Some Elk Sign, rained all day moderately. I am wet &c# &c# 
  The Hail which fell 2 night past is yet to be Seen on the mountain on 
  which I was to day. I Saw a Small red Berry which grows on a Stem of about 
  6 or 8 Inches from the Ground, in bunches and in great quantity on the 
  Mountains, the taste insiped. I saw a number of verry large Spruce Pine 
  one of which I measured 14 feet around and verry tall. My principal 
  objects in assdg. this mountain was to view the river below, the weather 
  being So Cloudey & thick that I could not See any distance down, 
  discovered the wind high from the N# W# and waves high at a Short distance 
  below our Encampment, (Squar displeased with me for not sin &c &c# 
  Wap~lo a excellent root which is rosted and tastes like a potato I Cut my 
  hand despatched 3 men in a Indian canoe (which is calculated to ride high 
  Swells) down to examine if they can find the Bay at the mouth & good 
  barbers below for us to proceed in Safty. The fides at every Hud come in 
  with great Swells & Breake against the rocks & Drift trees with 
  great fury ¬ the rain Continue all the evening nothing to eate but 
  Pounded fish which we have as a reserve See Store, and what Pore fish we 
  can kill up the branch on which we are encamped our canoe and the three 
  men did not return this evening ¬ if we were to have cold weather to 
  accompany the rain which we have had for this 6 or 8 days passed we must 
  eneviatilbly Suffer verry much as Clothes are Scerce with us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1005-1805-11-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 13th Wednesday 1805 Some intervales of fair weather last night, 
  rain continue this morning. I walked up the Brook & assended the first 
  Spur of the mountain with much fatigue, the distance about 3 miles, 
  through an intolerable thickets of Small pine, a groth much resembling 
  arrow wood on the Stem of which there is thorns; this groth about 12 or 15 
  feet high inter lockd into each other and Scattered over the high fern 
  & fallen timber, added to this the hills were So Steep that I was 
  compelled to draw my Self up by the assistance of those bushes ¬ The 
  Timber on those hills are of the pine Species large and tall maney of them 
  more than 200 feet high & from 8 to 10 feet through at the Stump those 
  hills & as far back as I could See, I Saw Some Elk Sign, on the Spur 
  of the mountain tho not fresh. I killed a Salmon trout on my return. The 
  Hail which fell 2 nights past is yet to be Seen on the mountains; I Saw in 
  my ramble to day a red berry resembling Solomons Seal berry which the 
  nativs call Sol~me and use it to eate. my principal object in assending 
  this mountain was to view the countrey below, the rain continuing and 
  weather proved So Cloudy that I could not See any distance on my return we 
  dispatched 3 men Colter, Willard and Shannon in the Indian canoe to get 
  around the point if possible and examine the river, and the Bay below for 
  a god barber for our Canoes to lie in Safty &c# The tide at every 
  floot tide Came with great swells brakeing against the rocks & Drift 
  trees with great fury The rain Continue all day. nothing to eate but 
  pounded fish which we Keep as a reserve and use in Situations of this 
  kind. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1006-1805-11-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 14th Thursday 1805 Rained last night without intermission and this 
  morning the wind blew hard from the  ¿¿  We Could not move, one Canoe was 
  broken last night against the rocks, by the waves dashing her against them 
  in high tide about 10 oClock 5 Indians Come up in a Canoe thro emence 
  waves & Swells, they landed and informed us they Saw the 3 men we Sent 
  down yesterday, at Some distance below Soon after those people Came Colter 
  one of the 3 men returned and informed us that he had proceeded with his 
  Canoe as far as they Could, for the waves and Could find no white people, 
  or Bay, he Saw a good Canoe barber & 2 Camps of Indians at no great 
  distance below and that those with us had taken his gig & knife &c# 
  which he forcably took from them & they left us, after our treating 
  them well. The rain Continue all day all wet as usial, killed only 2 fish 
  to day for the whole Party, at 3 oClock Capt# Lewis Drewyer Jo# & R# 
  Fields & Frasure Set out down on the Shore to examine if any white men 
  were below within our reach, they took a empty Canoe & 5 men to Set 
  them around the Point on a Gravelley Beech which Colter informed was at no 
  great distance below. The Canoe returned at dusk half full of water, from 
  the waves which dashed over in passing the point Capt Lewis is object is 
  also to find a Small Bay as laid down by Vancouver just out of the mouth 
  of the Columbia River. rained as usial all the evening, all wet and 
  disagreeable Situated 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1007-1805-11-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 14th Thursday 1805 rained all the last night without intermition, 
  and this morning. wind blows verry hard but our Situation is Such that we 
  Cannot tell from what point it comes ¬ one of our Canoes is much 
  broken by the waves dashing it against the rocks ¬ 5 Indians Came up 
  in a Canoe, thro the waves, which is verry high and role with great fury ¬ They 
  made Signs to us that they Saw the 3 men we Sent down yesterday. only 3 of 
  those Indians landed, the other 2 which was women played off in the waves, 
  which induced me to Suspect that they had taken Something from our men 
  below, at this time one of the men Colter returnd by land and informed us 
  that those Indians had taken his Gigg & basket, I called to the Squars 
  to land and give back the gigg, which they would not doe untill a man run 
  with a gun, as if he intended to Shute them when they landed, and Colter 
  got his gig & basket I then ordered those fellows off, and they verry 
  readily Cleared out they are of the War~ci~a~cum N# Colter informed us 
  that "it was but a Short distance from where we lay around the point to a 
  butifull Sand beech, which continud for a long ways, that he had found a 
  good harber in the mouth of a creek near 2 Indian Lodgesthat he had 
  proceeded in the Canoe as far as he could for the waves, the other two men 
  Willard & Shannon had proceeded on down" 
  = 
  Capt Lewis concluded to proceed on by land & find if possible the 
  white people the Indians Say is below and examine if a Bay is Situated 
  near the mouth of this river as laid down by Vancouver in which we expect, 
  if there is white traders to find them &c# at 3 oClock he Set out with 
  4 men Drewyer Jos. & Reu. Fields & R# Frasure, in one of our large 
  canoes and 5 men to Set them around the point on the Sand beech. this 
  canoe returned nearly filled with water at Dark which it receved by the 
  waves dashing into it on its return, haveing landed Capt# Lewis & his 
  party Safe on the Sand beech. The rain Continues all day all wet. The rain 
  &c# which has continued without a longer intermition than 2 hours at a 
  time for ten days past has distroyd# the robes and rotted nearly one half 
  of the fiew Clothes the party has, perticularley the leather Clothes, ¬ fortunately 
  for us we have no very Cold weather as yet and if we have Cold weather 
  before we Can kill & Dress Skins for Clothing the bulk of the party 
  will Suffer verry much. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1008-1805-11-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 15th Friday 1805 Rained all the last night at intervales of 
  Sometimes of 2 hours, This morning it became Calm & fair, I prepared 
  to Set out at which time the wind sprung up from the S# E# and blew down 
  the River & in a fiew minits raised Such Swells and waves brakeing on 
  the Rocks at the point as to render it unsafe to proceed. I went to the 
  point in an empty canoe and found it would be dangerous to proceed even in 
  an empty Canoe The Sun Shown untill 1 oClock p#m# which gave an oppertunity 
  for us to dry Some of our bedding, & examine our baggage, the greater 
  Part of which I found wet Some of our Pounded fish Spoiled I had all the 
  arms put in order & amunition examined. 
  = 
  The rainey weather Continued without a longer intermition than 2 hours at 
  a time from the 5th in the morng. untill the 16th is eleven days rain, and 
  the most disagreeable time I have experienced Confined on a tempiest Coast 
  wet, where I can neither get out to hunt, return to a better Situation, or 
  proceed on: in this Situation have we been for Six days past. fortunately 
  the wind lay about 3 oClock we loaded I in great haste and Set out passed 
  the blustering Point below which is a Sand beech, with a Small marshey 
  bottom for 3 miles on the Stard# Side, on which is a large village of 36 
  houses deserted by the Inds# & in full possession of the flees, a 
  Small Creek fall in at this village, which waters the Country for a few 
  miles back; Shannon & 5 Indians met me here, Shannon informed me he 
  met Capt# Lewis Some distance below & he took willard with him & 
  Sent him to meet me, the Inds with him wer rogues, they had the night 
  before Stold both his and Willards guns from under their heads, Capt# 
  Lewis & party arrived at the Camp of those Indians at So Timely a 
  period that the Inds# were allarmed & delivered up the guns &c# 
  The tide meeting of me and the emence Swells from the main Ocean 
  (imedeately in front of us) raised to Such a hite that I concluded to form 
  a Camp on the highest Spot I could find in the marshey bottom, and proceed 
  no further by water as the Coaste becomes verry dangerous for Crafts of 
  the Size of our Canoes ¬ and as the Ocian is imedeately in front and gives 
  us an extensive view of it from Cape disapointment to Point addams, my 
  Situation is in the upper part of Haley Bay S# 86° W#  ¿¿  miles Course 
  five to Cape Disapt# and S# 35° W# Course  ¿¿  miles from point Addams 
  = 
  The River here at its mouth from Point addams to the enterance of Haley 
  Bay above is  ¿¿  Miles or thereabouts, a large Isd# the lower point of 
  which is immediately in the mouth above 
  = 
  4 Indians in a Canoe Came down with papto roots to Sell, for which they 
  asked, blankets or robes, both of which we could not Spare I informed 
  those Indians all of which understood Some English that if they Stole our 
  guns &c the men would Certainly Shute them, I treated them with great 
  distance, & the Sentinal which was over our Baggage allarmed them 
  verry much, they all Promised not to take any thing, and if any thing was 
  taken by the Squars & bad boys to return them &c# the waves became 
  very high Evening fare & pleasent, our men all Comfortable in the 
  Camps they have made of the boards they found at the Town above 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1009-1805-11-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 15th Friday 1805 Rained all the last night, this morning it 
  became Calm and fair, I preposed Setting out, and ordered the Canoes 
  Repared and loaded; before we could load our canoes the wind Sudenly 
  Sprung up from the S# E and blew with Such violence, that we could not 
  proceed in Safty with the loading. I proceeded to the point in an empty 
  Canoe, and found that the waves dashed against the rocks with Such 
  violence that I thought it unsave to Set out with the loaded Canoes ¬ The 
  Sun Shown untill 1 oClock P M which afford us time to Dry our bedding and 
  examine the baggage which I found nearly all wet, Some of our pounded fish 
  Spoiled in the wet; I examined the amunition and Caused all the arms to be 
  put in order. 
  = 
  About 3 oClock the wind luled, and the river became calm, I had the canoes 
  loaded in great haste and Set Out, from this dismal nitich where we have 
  been confined for 6 days passed, without the possibility of proceeding on, 
  returning to a better Situation, or get out to hunt, Scerce of Provisions, 
  and torents of rain poreing on us all the time ¬  proceeded on passed the 
  blustering point below which I found a butifull Sand beech thro which runs 
  a Small below the mouth of this Stream is a village of 36 houses 
  uninhabited by anything except flees, here I met G# Shannon and 5 Indians. 
  Shannon informed me that he met Capn. Lewis at an Indian Hut about 10 
  miles below who had Sent him back to meet me, he also told me the Indians 
  were thievish, as the night before they had Stolen both his and Willards 
  rifles from under their heads, that they Set out on their return and had 
  not proceeded far up the beech before they met Capt Lewis, whose arival 
  was at a timely moment and alarmed the Indians So that they instantly 
  produced the Guns ¬ I told those Indians who accompanied Shannon that 
  they Should not Come near us, and if any one of their nation Stold 
  anything from us, I would have him Shot, which they understoot verry well. 
  as the tide was Comeing in and the Seas became verry high imediately from 
  the Ocian (imediately faceing us) I landed and formed a camp on the 
  highest Spot I could find between the hight of the tides, and the Slashers 
  in a Small bottom this I could plainly See would be the extent of our 
  journey by water, as the waves were too high at any Stage for our Canoes 
  to proceed any further down. in full view of the Ocian from Point Adams to 
  Cape Disapointment, I could not See any Island in the mouth of this river 
  as laid down by Vancouver. The Bay which he laies down in the mouth is 
  imediately below me. This Bay we call Haleys bay from a favourate Trader 
  with the Indians which they Say comes into this Bay and trades with them 
  Course to Point adams is S# 35°W# about 8 miles To Cape Disapointment is 
  S# 86°W# about 14 miles 4 Indians of the War~ki a cum nation Came down 
  with pap~pa~too to Sell &c# The Indians who accompanied Shannon from 
  the village below Speake a Different language from those above, and reside 
  to the north of this place The Call themselves Chin nooks, I told those 
  people that they had attempted to Steal 2 guns &c# that if any one of 
  their nation stole any thing that the Sentinl. whome they Saw near our 
  baggage with his gun would most certainly Shute them, they all promised 
  not to tuch a thing, and if any of their womin or bad boys took any thing 
  to return it imediately and Chastise them for it. I treated those people 
  with great distance. our men all Comfortable in their Camps which they 
  have made of boards from the old Village above. we made 3 miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1010-1805-11-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 16th Satturday 1805 a fine morning cool the latter part of the 
  night, I had all our articles of every discription examined, and found 
  much wet, had all put out & dried, The 5 Indians Theves left me. I 
  took a meridean altd# with Sextt. 50° 36 15 the Shakeing emige below ¬ I 
  Sent out Several hunters Some to kill fowl others to hunt deer or Elk. The 
  Sea is fomeing and looks truly dismal to day, from the wind which blew to 
  day from the S# W# an Indian Canoe passed down to day, loaded with roots 
  &c# three Indians Came up from below I gave them Smoke but allowed 
  then no kind of Priveleges what ever, they camped with the 4 which Came 
  down yesterday, near us, The evening provd. Cloudy & I could make no 
  lunar observations. one man Sick with a violent Cold, Caught by lying in 
  his wet Clothes, Several nights Course from Stormey point to Cape 
  Disapointment is  ¿¿  Miles, passd a Small Creek and an old village at 2 
  miles on the Stard Side a Small Creek at 1 mile we Encamped just above a 
  Point in a Deep bay to the Stard# Side into which falls 2 Small rivers 
  Std# Grat many Indians liveing on the Bay & those two rivers, the the 
  Countrey on the Stard# Side high broken & thickly timbered, that on 
  the Lard# at Some distance from Point Adms high and mountains on a Pinecal 
  of a which is Snow at this time ¬ near the Point is Low bottom land 
  = 
  our hunters and fowlers killd 2 Deer 1 Crane & 2 ducks, my Servt. York 
  killed 2 Geese & 8 white, black and Speckle Brants, The White Brant, 
  with part of their wings black is much the largest, the black brant is 
  verry Small, a little larger than a large Duck ¬ the deer pore but 
  large 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1011-1805-11-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 16th Saturday 1805 Cool the latter part of the last night this 
  morning Clear and butifull; I had all our articles of every discription 
  examined and put out to Dry. The 5 Chin nooks left us I took a meridenal 
  altitude with the Sextn. 50° 36' 15 which gave for Lattitude 46° 19' 11 
  1/10" North. I Sent out Several hunters and fowlers in pursute Elk, Deer, 
  or fowls of any kind. wind hard from the S W The Waves high & look 
  dismal indeed breaking with great fury on our beech an Indian canoe pass 
  down to day loaded with Wap~pa~toe roots; Several Indians came up to day 
  from below, I gave them Smoke but allowed them no kind of privilage 
  whatever in the camp, they with the 4 which came down yesterday encamped a 
  Short distance from us. The evening proved Cloudy and I could not take any 
  Luner observations ¬ One man Sick with a violent cold, Caught by 
  laying in his wet leather Clothes for maney nights past. 
  = 
  The Countrey on the Stard Side above Haley Bay is high broken and thickley 
  timbered on the Lard Side from Point Adams the Contrey appears low for 15 
  or 20 miles back to the mountains, a pinical of which now is Covered with 
  Snow or hail, as the opposit is too far distant to be distinguished well, 
  I Shall not attempt to describe any thing on that Side at present. our 
  hunters and fowlers killed 2 Deer 1 Crain & 2 Ducks, and my man York 
  killed 2 geese and 8 Brant, 3 of them white with a part of their wings 
  black and much larger than the Grey brant which is a Sise larger than a 
  Duck. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1012-1805-11-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 17th Sunday 1805 a fair cool windey morning wind from the East. 
  every tide which rises 8 feet 6 Inches at this place, comes in with high 
  Swells which brake on the Sand Shore with great fury. 
  = 
  I Sent out 6 men to kill deer & fowls this morning at half past 1 
  oClock Capt# Lewis and his Party returned haveing around passd# Point 
  Disapointment and Some distance on the main Ocian to the N W# Several 
  Indians followed him & Soon after a canoe with wapto roots, & 
  Lickorish boiled, which they gave as presents, in return for which we gave 
  more than the worth to Satisfy,them a bad practice to receive a present of 
  Indians, as they are never Satisfied in return. our hunters killed 3 Deer 
  & th fowler 2 Ducks & q brant I Surveyed a little on the corse 
  & made Some observns. The Chief of the nation below us Came up to See 
  us the name of the nation is Chin~nook and is noumerous live principally 
  on fish roots a fiew Elk and fowls. they are well armed with good Fusees. 
  I directed all the men who wished to See more of the Ocean to Get ready to 
  Set out with me on tomorrow day light. the following men expressed a wish 
  to accompany me i'e Seri. Nat Pryor Serjt# J# Ordway, Jo# Fields R# 
  Fields, Jo# Shannon, Jo Colter, William Bratten, Peter Wiser, Shabono 
  & my Servant York. all others being well Contented with what part of 
  the Ocean & its curiosities which Could be Seen from the vicinity of 
  our Camp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1013-1805-11-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 17th Sunday 1805 A fair cool morning wind from the East. The tide 
  rises at this place 8 feet 6 inches and comes in with great waves brakeing 
  on the Sand beech on which we lay with great fury Six hunters out this 
  morning in serch of Deer & fowl. 
  = 
  At half past 1 oClock Capt Lewis returned haveing travesed Haleys Bay to 
  Cape Disapointment and the Sea Coast to the North for Some distance. 
  Several Chinnook Indians followed (,apt L ¬ and a Canoe came up with 
  roots mats &c# to Sell. those Chinnooks made us a present of a rute 
  boiled much resembling the common liquorice in taste and Size; in return 
  for this root we gave more than double the value to Satisfy their craveing 
  dispostn. It is a bad practice to receive a present from those Indians as 
  they are never Satisfied for what they reive in return if ten time the 
  value of the articles they gave. This Chin nook Nation is about 400 Souls 
  inhabid the Countrey on the Small rivrs which run into the bay below us 
  and on the Ponds to the N W of us, live principally on fish and roots, 
  they are well armed with fusees and Sometimes kill Elk Deer and fowl. our 
  hunters killed to day 3 Deer, 4 brant and 2 Ducks, and inform me they Saw 
  Some Elk Sign. I directed all the men who wished to See more of the main 
  Ocian to prepare themselves to Set out with me early on tomorrow morning. 
  The principal Chief of the Chinnooks & his familey came up to See us 
  this evening ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1014-1805-11-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 18th Monday 1805 a little Cloudy this morning I set out at day light 
  with 10 men & my Sevent, Shabono, Sergt# Pryer odderway Jos. & R# 
  Fields Shannon Colter, wiser, Lebiech & york proceeded on Down the 
  Shore from the 1st point 
  = 
  At a run & Island near the Shore here the Traders ancher & trade? 
  we passed at each point a Soft Clifts of yellow, brown & dark Soft 
  Stones here Capt Lewis myself & Severl# of the men marked our names 
  day of the month & by Land &c# &c# from this S# W# 3 miles to 
  the Iner pt# of Cape Disapointmt passed a point & 2 Small nitches 
  (Reuben Fields killed a Vulter) we found a Curious fiat fish Shaped like a 
  turtle, with fins on each side, and a tale notched like a fish, the 
  Internals on one Sid and tale & fins flat wise This fish Flownder has 
  a white on one Side & lies flat to the Ground ¬ passed from last 
  hitch across to the ocean 1/2 a mile low land the Cape is a high Partly 
  bald hill, founded on rock, I assencled a high Seperate bald hill Covered 
  with long corse grass & Seperated from the hight of Country by a 
  Slashey bottom 2 miles S# 60 W of the Cape ¬ thence to a 2d Grassey pt 
  is N# 50° W# 2 miles, Those hills are founded on rocks & the waves 
  brake with great fury against them, the Coast is Sholey for Several miles 
  of this Cape & for Some distance off to the N W a Sand bar in the 
  mouth. Sholey Some distance out from the mouth The Coast from the Cape N W 
  is open for a Short distance back then it becomes thick piney Countrey 
  intersperced with ponds 
  = 
  Point addams is S 20° W about 20 miles the Course on that Side bears S 45 
  W# I cannot assertain the prosise Course of the Deep water in the mouth of 
  the river, the Channel is but narrow. I proceeded on up above the 2d point 
  and Encamped on the Shore above the high tide, evening Clear, for a Short 
  time. Supd. on Brant and pounded fish men all Chearfull, express a Desire 
  to winter near the falls this winter. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1015-1805-11-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 18h Monday 1805 A little cloudy this morning I Set out with to 
  men and my man York to the Ocian by land. i. e. Seijt. Ordway & Pryor, 
  Jos. & Ru. Fields, Go. Shannon, W# Brattin, J# Colter, P# Wiser, W# 
  Labieche & P# Shabono one of our interpreters & York. I Set out at 
  Day light and proceeded on a Sandy beech from Cape Disapointment to a high 
  point of a Mountn. which we shall call Clarke's Point of View beares S# 
  20° W# about 40 miles, point adams is verry low and is Situated within the 
  direction between those two high points of land, the water appears verry 
  Shole from off the mouth of the river for a great distance, and I cannot 
  assertain the direction of the deepest Chanel, the Indians point nearest 
  the opposit Side. the waves appear to brake with tremendious force in 
  every direction quite across a large Sand bar lies within the mouth 
  nearest to point Adams which is nearly covered at high tide. I suped on 
  brant this evening with a little pounded fish. Some rain in the after part 
  of the night. men appear much Satisfied with their trip beholding with 
  estonishment the high waves dashing against the rocks & this emence 
  ocian 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1016-1805-11-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 19th Tuesday 1805 began to rain a little before day and Continued 
  raining untill 11 oClock I proceeded on thro emencely bad thickets & 
  hills crossing 2 points to a 3rd on which we built a fire and Cooked a 
  Deer which Jos. Field Killd# from this point I can See into a Deep bend in 
  the coast to the N# E# for 10 miles. after Brackfast I proceeded on N# 20 
  E# 5 miles to Comcement a large Sand bar at a low part ponds a little off 
  from the Coast here the high rockey hills end and a low marshey Countrey 
  Suckceed. I proceeded up the Course N# 10° W# 4 miles & marked my name 
  & the Day of the Month on a pine tree, the waters which Wash this Sand 
  beach is tinged with a deep brown Colour for Some distance out. The Course 
  Contd. is N# 20° W# low Coast and Sand beech, Saw a Dead Sturgen 10 feet 
  long on the Sand, & the back bone of a Whale, as I conceived raind I 
  then returned to the Cape & dined, Some curious Deer on this Course 
  darker large boded Shorte legs Pronged horns & the top of the tale 
  black under part white as usial passed a nitch in the rocks below into 
  which falls a Stream, after Dinner I Set out on my return S# E# passed 
  over a low ridge & thro a piney countrey 21 Vs miles to the Bay, 
  thence up the Bay to the mouth of the Chen~nook River Crossed in the Canoe 
  we had left there & Encamped on the upper Side The Hills in the point 
  of this bay are not high, & imedeately below this River the present 
  yellow Bluffs above the River and up for about 2 miles the land is low 
  Slashey and Contains much drift wood, the Countrey up this Creek is low 
  with Copse of high land or as I may Say elevated. The Buzzard which Ruben 
  Fields killed diameter of one feather is ¬ 11/4 & 1 Line from the 
  tip of one to the tip of the other wing is 9 feet 0 Inches, from the point 
  of the Bill to the tale is 3 feet 101/4 Ins. middle Toe 51/2 Inches, Toe 
  nale 1 Inches wing feather 2 feet 1/2 In. Tale feathers 141/4 In. Head is 
  61/4 Inch long including the beek 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1017-1805-11-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 19th Tuesday 1805 a Cloudy rainey day proceeded up the Coast 
  which runs from my camp 11/4 miles west of the iner extry of the Cape N# 
  20° W# 5 miles through a rugged hilley countrey thickly off the Sea coast 
  to the Comencment of an extencive Sand beech which runs N# 10° W# to point 
  Lewis about 20 miles distance. I proceeded up this coast 4 miles and 
  marked my name on a low pine. and returned 3 miles back (The Countrey 
  opsd# this Sand Coast is low and Slashey,) Crossed the point 2 miles to 
  the bay and encamped on Chinnook river ¬ See another book for 
  perticulars 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1018-1805-11-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday November the 19th 1805 I arose early this morning from under a wet 
  blanket caused by a Shower of rain which fell in the latter part of the 
  last night and Sent two men on a head with directions to proceed on near 
  the Sea Coast and Kill Something for brackfast and that I Should follow my 
  Self in about half an hour. after drying our blankets a little I Set out 
  with a view to proceed near the Coast the direction of which induced me to 
  conclude that at the distance of 8 or 10 miles, the Bay was at no great 
  distance across. I overtook the hunters at about 3 miles, they had killed 
  a Small Deer on which we brackfast it comened raining and Continud 
  moderately untill 11 oClock A M# 
  = 
  after takeing a Sumptious brackfast of venison which was rosted on Stiks 
  exposed to the fire, I proceeded on through ruged Country of high hills 
  and Steep hollers on a course from the Cape N 20° W# 5 miles on a Direct 
  line to the Commencement of a Sandy Coast which extended N# 10° W# from 
  the top of the hill above the Sand Shore to a Point of high land distant 
  near 20 miles. this point I have taken the Liberty of Calling after my 
  particular friend Lewis ¬ at the commencement of this Sand beech the 
  high lands leave the Sea coast in a Direction to Chinnook river, and does 
  not touch the Sea Coast again below point Lewis leaveing a low pondey 
  countrey, maney places open with small ponds in which there is great 
  numbr. of fowl I am informed that the Chinnook Nation inhabit this low 
  countrey and live in large wood houses on a river which passes through 
  this bottom Parrilal to the Sea coast and falls into the Bay 
  = 
  I proceeded on the Sandy Coast 4 miles, and marked my name on a Small 
  pine, the Day of the month & year, &c# and returned to the foot of 
  the hill, from which place I intended to Strike across to The Bay, I saw a 
  Sturgeon which had been thrown on Shore and left by the tide 10 feet in 
  length, and Several joints of the back bone of a whale which must have 
  foundered on this part of the Coast. after Dineing on the remains of our 
  Small Deer I proceeded through over a land S E with Some Ponds to the bay 
  distance about 2 miles, thence up to the mouth of Chinnook river 2 miles, 
  crossed this little river in the Canoe we left at its mouth and Encamped 
  on the upper Side in an open Sandy bottom ¬ The hills next to the bay 
  Cape disapointment to a Short distance up the Chinnook river is not verry 
  high thickly Coverd. with different Species of pine &c# maney of which 
  are large, I observed in maney places pine of 3 or 4 feet through growing 
  on the bodies of large trees which had fallen down, and covered with moss 
  and yet part Sound. The Deer of this Coast differ materially from our 
  Common deer in a much as they are much darker deeper bodied Shorter ledged 
  horns equally branched from the beem the top of the tail black from the 
  rute to the end Eyes larger and do not lope but jump. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1019-1805-11-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 20 Wednesday 1805 Some rain last night despatchd. 3 men to hunt Jo# 
  Fields & Cotter to hunt Elk & Labich to kill some Brant for our 
  brackfast The Morning Cleared up fare and we proceeded on by the Same rout 
  we went out, at the River we found no Indians. made a raft & Ruben 
  Fields Crossed and took over a Small Canoe which lay at the Indian Cabin ¬ This 
  Creek is at this time of high tide 300 yards wide & the marshes for 
  Some distance up the Creek Covered with water. not an Indian to be Seen 
  near the Creek. I proceeded on to Camp & on my way was over taken by 3 
  Indians one gave us Sturgeon & Wapto roots to eate I met Several 
  parties on way all of them appeared to know me & was distant, found 
  all well at Camp, maney Indians about one of which had on a robe made of 2 
  Sea Orter Skins. Capt Lewis offered him many things for his Skins with 
  others a blanket, a coat all of which he refused we at length purchased it 
  for a belt of Blue Beeds which the Squar had ¬  The tide being out we walked 
  home on the beech 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1020-1805-11-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday November the 20th 1805 Some rain last night dispatched Labiech 
  to kill Some fowl for our brackfast he returned in about 2 hours with 8 
  large Ducks on which we brackfast I proceeded on to the enterance of a 
  Creek near a Cabin no person being at this cabin and 2 Canoes laying on 
  the opposit Shore from us, I deturmined to have a raft made and Send a man 
  over for a canoe, a Small raft was Soon made, and Reuben Fields Crossed 
  and brought over a Canoe ¬ This Creek which is the outlet of a number 
  of ponds, is at this time (high tide) 300 yds wide ¬ I proceeded on up 
  the Beech and was overtaken by three Indians one of them gave me Some 
  dried Sturgeon and a fiew wappato roots, I employd Those Indians to take 
  up one of our Canoes which had been left by the first party that Came 
  down, for which Service I gave them each a fishing hook of a large Size ¬ on 
  my way up I met Several parties of Chinnooks which I had not before Seen 
  they were on their return from our Camp. all those people appeard to know 
  my deturmonation of keeping every individual of their nation at a proper 
  distance, as they were guarded and resurved in my presence &c# found 
  maney of the Chin nooks with Capt# Lewis of whome there was 2 Cheifs Com 
  com mo ly & Chil~lar~la~wil to whome we gave Medals and to one a flag. 
  one of the Indians had on a roab made of 2 Sea Otter Skins the fur of them 
  were more butifull than any fur I had ever Seen both Capt# Lewis & my 
  Self endeavored to purchase the roab with different articles at length we 
  precured it for a belt of blue beeds which the Squar ¬ wife of our 
  interpreter Shabono wore around her waste. in my absence the hunters had 
  killed Several Deer and fowl of different kinds 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1021-1805-11-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 21st Thursday 1805 a Cloudy morning most of the Indians left us, 
  The nation on the opposit Side is Small & Called Clap~soil, Their 
  great chief name Stil~la~sha The nation liveing to the North is Called 
  Chieltz. The chief is name Malaugh not large nation and wore his beards as 
  informed by the Inds# In my absence the hunters Kild. 7 Deer, 4 brants 
  & a Crane. 
  = 
  Great numbers of the dark brant passing Southerley, the white yet 
  Stationary, no gees & Swan to be Seen. The wind blew hard from the S# 
  E# which with the addition of the flood tide raised emence Swells & 
  waves which almost entered our Encampment morng. dark & Disagreeable, 
  a Supriseing Climent. We have not had One cold day Since we passed below 
  the last falls or great Shute & Some time before the Climent is 
  temperate, and the only change we have experienced is from fair weather to 
  rainey windey weather ¬ I made a chief & gave a medel this man is 
  name Tow~wall and appears to have Some influence with the nation and tells 
  me he lives at the great Shute~we gave the Squar a Coate of Blue Cloth for 
  the belt of Blue Beeds we gave for the Sea otter Skins purchased of an 
  Indian. at 12 oClock it began to rain, and continued moderately all day, 
  Some wind from the S# E#, waves too high for us to proceed on our homeward 
  bound journey. Lattitude of this place is 46° 19' 11 1/10" North Several 
  Indians and Squars came this evening I beleave for the purpose of 
  gratifying the passions of our men, Those people appear to View Sensuality 
  as a necessary evile, and do not appear to abhore this as Crime in the 
  unmarried females. The young women Sport openly with our men, and appear 
  to receive the approbation of their friends & relations for So doing 
  maney of the women are handsom. 
  = 
  They are all low both men and women, I saw the name of J# Bowmon marked or 
  picked on a young Squars left arm. The women of this nation Pick their 
  legs in different figures as an orpiment. they were their hair loose, Some 
  trinkets in their ears, none in the nose as those above, their Dress is as 
  follows, i,e the men, were a roabe of either the skins of  ¿¿  a Small 
  fured animal, & which is most common, or the Skins of the Sea orter, 
  Loon, Swan, Beaver, Deer, Elk, or blankets either red, blu, or white, 
  which roabes cover the sholders arms & body, all other parts are nakd. 
  = 
  The women were a Short peticoat of the iner bark of the white Ceder or 
  Arber Vita, which hang down loose in Strings nearly as low as the knee, 
  with a Short Robe which fall half way down the Thigh. no other part is 
  Covered. The orniments are beeds, Blue principally, large Brass wire 
  around their rists Som rings, and maney men have Salors Clothes, many have 
  good fusees & Ball & Powder ¬ The women ware a String of 
  Something curious tied tight above the anckle, all have large Swelled legs 
  & thighs The men Small legs & thighs and Generally badly made ¬ They 
  live on Elk Deer fowls, but principally fish and roots of 3 Kinds, 
  Lickorish, Wapto &c# The women have more privalages than is Common 
  amongst Indians ¬ Pocks & Venerial is Common amongst them I Saw 
  one man & one woman who appeared to be all in Scabs, & Several men 
  with the venereal, their other Disorders and the remides for them I could 
  not lern we divided Some ribin between the men of our party to bestow on 
  their favourite Lasses, this plan to Save the knives & more valueable 
  articles. 
  = 
  Those people gave me Sturgion Salmon & wapto roots, & we bought 
  roots, Some mats &c# &c# for which we were obliged to give emence 
  prices ¬ we also purchased a kind of Cranberry which the Indians Say 
  the geather in the low lands, off of Small either vines or bushes just 
  abov the ground ¬ we also purchased hats made of Grass &c# of 
  those Indians, Some very handsom mats made of flags ¬ Some fiew curious 
  baskets made of a Strong weed & willow or  ¿¿  Splits, also a Sweet 
  Soft black root, about th Sise & Shape of a Carrot, this root they 
  Value verry highly ¬  The Wapto root is Scerce, and highly valued by those 
  people, this root they roste in hot ashes like a potato and the outer Skin 
  peals off, tho this is a trouble they Seldom perform. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1022-1805-11-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday November 21st 1805 a cloudy morning most of the Chinnooks leave 
  our Camp and return home, great numbers of the dark brant passing to the 
  South, the white Brant have not yet commenced their flight. The wind blew 
  hard from the S# E# which with the addition of the flood tide raised verry 
  high waves which broke with great violence against the Shore throwing 
  water into our Camp ¬ the fore part of this day Cloudy at 12 oClock it 
  began to rain and Continud all day moderately, Several Indians Visit us to 
  day of differant nations or Bands Some of the Chiltz Nation who reside on 
  the Sea Coast near Point Lewis, Several of the Clotsops who reside on the 
  opposit Side of the Columbia imediately opposit to us, and a Chief from 
  the Grand rapid to whome we gave a Medal. 
  = 
  An old woman & wife to a Cheif of the Chinnooks came and made a Camp 
  near ours She brought with her 6 young Squars I believe for the purpose of 
  gratifying the passions of the men of our party and receving for those 
  indulgiences Such Small as She (the old woman) thought proper to accept 
  of, Those people appear to view Sensuality as a Necessary evel, and do not 
  appear to abhor it as a Crime in the unmarried State ¬ The young 
  females are fond of the attention of our men and appear to meet the 
  sincere approbation of their friends and connections, for thus obtaining 
  their favours; the womin of the Chinnook Nation have handsom faces low and 
  badly made with large legs & thighs which are generally Swelled from a 
  Stopage of the circulation in the feet (which are Small) by maney Strands 
  of Beeds or curious Strings which are drawn tight around the leg above the 
  anckle, their legs are also picked with different figures, I Saw on the 
  left arm of a Squar the following letters. Bowmon, all those are 
  Considered by the natives of this quarter as handsom deckerations, and a 
  woman without those deckorations is Considered as among the lower Class 
  they ware their hair lose hanging over their back and Sholders maney have 
  blue beeds threaded & hung from different parts of their ears and 
  about ther neck and around their wrists, their dress other wise is 
  prosisely like that of the Nation of Wa ci a cum as already discribed. a 
  Short roab, and tissue or kind of peticoat of the bark of Cedar which fall 
  down in Strings as low as the knee behind and not So low before maney of 
  the men have blankets of red blue or Spotted Cloth or the common three 
  & 21/2 point blankets, and Salors old Clothes which they appear to 
  prise highly, they also have robes of Sea Otter, Beaver, Elk, Deer, fox 
  and Cat common to this countrey, which I have never Seen in the U States. 
  They also precure a roabe from the nativs above, which is made of the 
  Skins of a Small animal about the Size of a Cat, which is light and 
  dureable and highly prized by those people ¬ the greater numbers of 
  the men of the Chinnooks have Guns and powder and Ball ¬ The Men are 
  low homely and badly made, Small Crooked legs large feet, and all of both 
  Sects have flattened heads ¬ The food of this nation is principally 
  fish & roots the fish they precure from the river by the means of nets 
  and gigs, and the Salmon which run up the Small branches together with 
  what they collect drifted up on the Shores of the Sea coast near to where 
  they live 
  = 
  The roots which they use are Several different kinds, the Wappato which 
  they precure from the nativs above, a black root which they call Shaw~na 
  tah que & the wild licquorish is the most Common, they also kill a 
  fiew Elk Deer & fowl ¬ maney of the Chinnooks appear to have 
  venerious and pustelus disorders. one woman whome I saw at the beech 
  appeared all over in Scabs and ulsers &c# 
  = 
  we gave to the men each a pece of ribin We purchased Cramberies Mats verry 
  netely made of flags and rushes, Some roots, Salmon and I purchased a hat 
  made of Splits & Strong grass, which is made in the fashion which was 
  common in the U States two years ago also Small baskets to hold Water made 
  of Split and Straw, for those articles we gave high prices. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1023-1805-11-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Novr. 22nd Friday 1805 Some little rain all the last night with wind, 
  before day the wind increased to a Storm from the S# S# E# and blew with 
  violence throwing the water of the river with emence waves out of its 
  banks almost over whelming us in water, O! how horriable is the day ¬ This 
  Storm Continued all day with equal violence accompanied with rain, Several 
  Indians about us, nothing killed the waves & brakers flew over our 
  Camp, one Canoe Split by the Tossing of those waves ¬ we are all 
  Confined to our Camp and wet. purchased some Wapto roots for which was 
  given, brass armbans & rings of which the Squars were fond. we find 
  the Indians easy ruled and kept in order by a Stricter indifference 
  towards them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1024-1805-11-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday November 22nd 1805 a moderate rain all the last night with wind, a 
  little before Day light the wind which was from the S S# E# blew with Such 
  violence that we wer almost overwhelmned with water blown from the river, 
  this Storm did not Sease at day but blew with nearly equal violence 
  throughout the whole day accompaned with rain. O! how horriable is the day 
  waves brakeing with great violence against the Shore throwing the Water 
  into our Camp &c# all wet and Confind to our Shelters, Several Indian 
  men and women Crouding about the mens Shelters to day, we purchased a fiew 
  wappato roots for which we gave armbans, & rings to the old Squar, 
  those roots are equal to the Irish potato, and is a tolerable Substitute 
  for bread 
  = 
  The threat which I made to the men of this nation whome I first Saw, and 
  an indifference towards them, is I am fulley Convinced the Cause of their 
  Conducting themselves with great propriety towards ourselves & Party. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1025-1805-11-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 23rd Saturday 1805 The Cloudy and Calm, a moderate rain the 
  greater part of the last night, Sent out men to hunt this morning and they 
  Killed 3 Bucks, rained at intervales all day. I marked my name the Day of 
  the month & year on a Beech trees & (By Land) Capt Lewis Branded 
  his and the men all marked their nams on trees about the Camp. one Indian 
  Came up from their village on some lakes near Haleys bay. In the Evening 7 
  Indians of the Clatt Sopp nation, opposit Came over, they brought with 
  them 2 Sea orter Skins, for which the asked Such high prices we were 
  uneabled to purchase, without reduceing our Small Stock of merchindize on 
  which we have to depend in part for a Subsistance on our return home, 
  Kiled 4 brant & 3 Ducks to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1026-1805-11-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday November 22rd 1805. A calm Cloudy morning, a moderate rain the 
  greater part of the last night, Capt Lewis Branded a tree with his name 
  Date &c# I marked my name the Day & year on a Alder tree, the 
  party all Cut the first letters of their names on different trees in the 
  bottom. our hunters killed 3 Bucks, 4 Brant & 3 Ducks to day. 
  = 
  in the evening Seven indians of the Clot Sop Nation Came over in a Canoe, 
  they brought with them 2 Sea otter Skins for which they asked blue beads 
  &c# and Such high pricies that we were unable to purchase them without 
  reducing our Small Stock of merchendize, on which we depended for 
  Subcistance on our return up this river ¬ mearly to try the Indian who 
  had one of those Skins, I offered him my Watch, handkerchief a bunch of 
  red beads and a dollar of the American Coin, all of which he refused and 
  demanded "ti~a, co~mo~shack" which is Chief beads and the most common blue 
  beads, but fiew of which we have at this time 
  = 
  This nation is the remains of a large nation destroyed by the Small pox or 
  Some other which those people were not acquainted with, they Speak the 
  Same language of the Chinnooks and resemble them in every respect except 
  that of Stealing, which we have not Cought them at as yet. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1027-1805-11-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 24th Sunday 1805 Several of the Chenn nook N# Came, one of them 
  brought an Sea orter Skin for which we gave Some blue Beeds ¬ This day 
  proved to be fair and we dried our wet articles bedding &c# The 
  hunters killed only 1 brant no Deer or any thing else 
  = 
  The old chief of Chinn~nook nation and Several men & women Came to our 
  camp this evening & Smoked the pipe 
  = 
@section ??? {???}
     Serjt J# Ordway 
     Cross & examine 
     S 
     Serjt# N# Pryor 
     do do 
     S 
     Sgt# P# Gass 
     do do 
     S 
     Jo# Shields 
     proceed to Sandy R#
     Go. Shannon 
     Examn. Cross 
     falls 
     T# P# Howard 
     do do 
     falls 
     P# Wiser 
     do do 
     S# R#
     J# Collins 
     do do 
     S# R#
     Jo Fields 
     do do 
     up 
     Al. Willard 
     do do 
     up 
     R Willard 
     do do 
     up 
     J# Potts 
     do do 
     falls 
     R# Frasure 
     do do 
     up 
     Wm# Bratten 
     do do 
     up 
     R# Fields 
     do do 
     falls 
     J# B# Thompson 
     do do 
     up 
     J# Colter 
     do do 
     up 
     H# Hall 
     do do 
     S# R# 
     Labeech 
     do do 
     S R#
     Peter Crusatte 
     do do 
     S R#
     J# B# Depage 
     do do 
     up 
     Shabono 
      ¬  ¬  
      ¬  
     S# Guterich 
     do do 
     falls 
     W# Werner 
     do do 
     up 
     Go. Gibson 
     do do 
     up 
     Jos. Whitehouse 
     do do 
     up 
     Geo Drewyer 
     Examn other side 
     falls 
     McNeal 
     do do 
     up 
     York 
     " " 
     lookout 
     falls     Sandy River     lookout up 
     6        10         12 
@section 3 {tx}
  Janey in favour of a place where there is plenty of Potas. 
  = 
  Cp L Proceed on to morrow & examine The other side if good hunting to 
  winter there, as Salt is an objt. if not to proceed on to Sandy it is 
  probable that a vestle will come in this winter, & that by proceeding 
  on at any distance would not inhance our journey in passing the Rockey 
  mountains, &c# 
  = 
  W C# In favour of proceding on without delay to the opposit Shore & 
  there examine, and find out both the disposition of the Indians, & 
  probibilaty of precureing Subsistance, and also enquire if the Tradeing 
  vestles will arrive before the time we Should depart in the Spring, and if 
  the Traders, Comonly arive in a Seasonable time, and we Can Subsist 
  without a depends. on our Stores of goods, to Continue as the Climent 
  would be more favourable on the Sea Coast for our naked men than higher up 
  the Countrey where the Climate must be more Severe ¬ The advantage of 
  the arival of a vestle from whome we Can precure goods will be more than 
  an over ballance, for the bad liveing we Shall have in liveing on Pore 
  deer & Elk we may get in this neighbourhood. If we Cannot subsist on 
  the above terms to proceed on, and make Station Camps, to neighbourhood of 
  the Frendly village near the long narrows & delay untill we Can 
  proceed up the river. Salt water I view as an evil in as much as it is not 
  helthy ¬ I am also of opinion that one two or three weeks Exemination 
  on the opposide if the propects are any wise favourable, would not be too 
  long 
  = 
  Variation of the Compass is 16° East 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1028-1805-11-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday November 24th 1805. A fair morning Sent out 6 hunters, and we 
  proceeded to make the following observations a Chief and Several men of 
  the Chin nook nation Came to Smoke with us this evening one of the men 
  brought a Small Sea otter Skin for which we gave Some blue beads ¬ this 
  day proved fair which gave us an oppertunity of drying our wet articles, 
  bedding &c# &c# nothing killed to day except one Brant. the 
  variation of the Compass is 16° East. 
  = 
  being now determined to go into Winter quarters as Soon as possible, as a 
  convenient Situation to precure the Wild animals of the forest which must 
  be our dependance for Subsisting this Winter, we have every reason to 
  believe that the nativs have not provisions Suffient for our Consumption, 
  and if they had, their price's are So high that it would take ten times as 
  much to purchase their roots & Dried fish as we have in our possesion, 
  encluding our Small remains of merchindz and Clothes &c# This Certinly 
  enduces every individual of the party to make diligient enquiries of the 
  nativs the part of the Countrey in which the wild Animals are most plenty. 
  They generaly agree that the most Elk is on the opposit Shore, and that 
  the greatest numbers of Deer is up the river at Some distance above 
  = 
  The Elk being an animal much larger than Deer, easier to kiled better meat 
  (in the winter when pore) and Skins better for the Clothes of our party; 
  added to, a convenient Situation to the Sea coast where we Could make 
  Salt, and a probibility of vessels Comeing into the mouth of Columbia 
  ("which the Indians inform us would return to trade with them in 3 
  months") from whome we might precure a fresh Supply of Indian trinkets to 
  purchase provisions on our return home; together with the Solicitations of 
  every individual, except one of our party induced us Conclude to Cross the 
  river and examine the opposit Side, and if a Sufficent quantity of Elk 
  could probebly be precured to fix on a Situation as convenient to the Elk 
  & Sea Coast as we Could find ¬ added to the above advantagies in 
  being near the Sea Coast one most Strikeing one occurs to me i e, the 
  Climate which must be from every appearance much milder than that above 
  the 1st range of Mountains, The Indians are Slightly Clothed and give an 
  account of but little Snow, and the weather which we have experiened Since 
  we arrived in the neighbourhood of the Sea Coast has been verry warm, and 
  maney of the fiew days past disagreeably So. if this Should be the Case it 
  will most Certainly be the best Situation of our naked party dressed as 
  they are altogether in leather. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1029-1805-11-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 25th Munday 1805 a fine day Several Indians Come up from below, 
  we loaded and Set out up the river, and proceeded on to the Shallow Bay, 
  landed to dine, The Swells too high to cross the river, agreeabley to our 
  wish which is to examine if game Can be precured Sufficent for us to 
  winter on that Side, after dinner which was on Drid pounded fish we 
  proceeded on up on the North Side to near the place of our Encampment of 
  the 7th Instant and encamped after night The evening cloudy wind of to day 
  Generally from the E S# E, Saw from near of last Campment Mount Ranier 
  bearing  ¿¿ 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1030-1805-11-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 25th November 1805 The Wind being high rendered it impossible for 
  us to Cross the river from our Camp, we deturmind to proceed on up where 
  it was narrow, we Set out early accompanied by 7 Chit Sops for a fiew 
  miles, they left us and Crossed the river through emence high waves; we 
  Dined in the Shallow Bay on Dried pounded fish, after which we proceeded 
  on near the North Side of the Columbia, and encamp a little after night 
  near our Encampment of the 7th instant near a rock at Some distance in the 
  river. evening Cloudy the Winds of to day is generally E# S# E which was a 
  verry favourable point for us as the highlands kept it from us Mt. St# 
  Hilians Can be Seen from the mouth of this river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1031-1805-11-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 26th Tuesday 1805 Cloudy and Some rain this morning at daylight 
  wind blew from the E N# E, we Set out and proceeded on up on the North 
  Side of this great river to a rock in the river from thence we Crossed to 
  the lower point of an  ¿¿  Island passed between 2 Islands to the main 
  Shore, and proceeded down the South Side, passed 2 Inlets & halted 
  below the 2d at a Indian village of 9 large houses ¬ those Indians 
  live on an emenence behind a Island or a Channel of the river not more 
  than 300 yds wide, they live on fish & Elk and Wapto roots, of which 
  we bought a few at a high price they Call them Selves Cat~tar~bets 
  description 
  = 
  We proceeded on about 8 miles and Encamped in a deep bend to the South, we 
  had not been Encamped long ere 3 Indians Came in a Canoe to trade the 
  Wapto roots ¬ we had rain all the day all wet and disagreeable a bad 
  place to Camp all around this great bend is high land thickly timbered 
  brushey & almost impossible to penetrate we Saw on an Island below the 
  village a place of deposit for the dead in Canoes 
  = 
  Great numbers of Swan Geese Brant Ducks & Gulls in this great bend 
  which is Crouded with low Islands covered with weeds grass &c# and 
  overflowed every flood tide The people of the last village is ¬  ¿¿  they 
  ask emence prices for what they have to Sel Blue Beeds is their great 
  trade they are fond of Clothes or blankits of Blue red or brown We are now 
  decending to see if a favourable place should offer on the So Side to 
  winter &c# 
  = 
  from a high Point opsd# a high Isd down the South Side is S# 30° W 6 mis 
  to a point of low land opsd# upr# pt of Isd# passed lowr. pt# 1st Isd# 
  marshey. at the upr# pt# Of 2 low Isd# opsd# each other at 4 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1032-1805-11-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 26th November 1805 Cloudy and Some rain this morning from 6 
  oClock. wind from the E# N# E, we Set out out early and crossed a Short 
  distance above the rock out in the river, & between Some low marshey 
  Islands to the South Side of the Columbia at a low bottom about 3 miles 
  below Point Samuel and proceeded near the South Side leaveing the Seal 
  Islands to our right and a marshey bottom to the left 5 Miles to the 
  Calt~har~mar Village of 9 large wood houses on a handsom elivated 
  Situation near the foot of a Spur of the high land behind a large low 
  Island Seperated from the Southerly Shore by a Chanel of about 200 yards 
  Wide, This nation appear to differ verry little either in language, 
  Customs dress or appearance from the Chin nooks & War~ci a cum live 
  principally on fish and pappato they have also other roots, and Some Elk 
  meat. 
  = 
  We purchased Some green fish, & wap pa to for which we gave Imoderate 
  pricie's. after dining on the fresh fish which we purchased, we proceeded 
  on through a Deep bend to the South and encamped under a high hill, where 
  we found much difficuelty in precureing wood to burn, as it was raining 
  hard, as it had been the greater part of the day. Soon after we encamped 3 
  Indians of the last town Came in a Canoe with wappato roots to Sell to us 
  Some of which we purchased with fish hooksfrom the Village quite around 
  this bend to the West the land is high and thickly timbered with pine 
  balsom &c# a Short distance below the Calt har mer Village on the 
  Island which is Opposit I observed Several Canoes Scaffold in which 
  Contained their dead, as I did not examine this mode of deposing the dead, 
  must refer it to a discription hereafter. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1033-1805-11-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 27th Wednesday 1805 Some rain all the last night & this 
  morning at day light 3 Canoes and 11 men Came down with roots meat, Skins 
  &c# to Sill, they asked Such high prices we were unable to purchase 
  any thing, and as we were about Setting out, discovered that one of those 
  Indians had Stole an ax, we Serched and found it under the roabe of one 
  man whome we Shamed verry much 
  = 
  we proceeded on, around Point William th Swells became high and rained so 
  hard we Concluded to halt and dry our Selves, Soon after our landing the 
  wind rose from the East and blew hard accompanied with rain, this rain 
  obliged us to unload & draw up our Canoes, one of which was Split to 
  feet before we got her out of the river, this place the Peninsoley is 
  about 50 yards and 3 miles around this point of Land. water Salt below not 
  Salt above. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1034-1805-11-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 27th November 1805 Rained all the last night and this morning it 
  Continues moderatelyat day light 3 Canoes and 11 Indians Came from the 
  Village with roots mats, Skins &c# to Sell, they asked Such high 
  prices that we were unable to purchase any thing of them, as we were about 
  to Set out missed one of our axes which was found under an Indians roab I 
  shamed this fellow verry much and told them they should not proceed with 
  us ¬  we proceded on between maney Small Islands passing a Small river of 
   ¿¿  yds wide which the Indians Call  ¿¿  and around a verry remarkable 
  point which projects about 11/2 Miles directly towards the Shallow bay the 
  isthmus which joins it to the main land is not exceding 50 yards and about 
  4 Miles around. we call this Point William 
  = 
  below this point the waves became So high we were Compelled to land unload 
  and traw up the Canoes, here we formed a Camp on the neck of Land which 
  joins Point William to the main at an old indian hut. The rain Continued 
  hard all day we are all Wet and disagreeable. one Canoe Split before we 
  Got her out of the Water 2 feet ¬ The water at our Camp Salt that 
  above the isthmus fresh and fine 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1035-1805-11-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 28th Thursday 1805 Wind Shifted about to the S# W# and blew hard 
  accompanied with hard rain all last night, we are all wet bedding and 
  Stores, haveing nothing to keep our Selves or Stores dry, our Lodge nearly 
  worn out, and the pieces of Sales & tents So full of holes & 
  rotten that they will not keep any thing dry, we Sent out the most of the 
  men to drive the point for deer, they Scattered through the point; Some 
  Stood on the pensolu, we Could find no deer, Several hunters attempted to 
  penetrate the thick woods to the main South Side without Suckcess, the 
  Swan & gees wild and Cannot be approached, and wind to high to go 
  either back or forward, and we have nothing to eate but a little Pounded 
  fish which we purchasd. at the Great falls, This is our present 
  Situation,! truly disagreeable. aded to this the robes of our Selves and 
  men are all rotten from being Continually wet, and we Cannot precure 
  others, or blankets in their places. about 12 oClock the wind Shifted 
  about to the N# W and blew with great violence for the remainder of the 
  day at maney times it blew for 15 or 20 minits with Such violence that I 
  expected every moment to See trees taken up by the roots, Some were blown 
  down. Those Squals were Suckceeded by rain,! O how Tremendious is the day. 
  This dredfull wind and rain Continued with intervales of fair weather, the 
  greater part of the evening and night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1036-1805-11-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 28th November 1805 Wind Shifted about to the S# W# and blew hard 
  accompanied with hard rain. rained all the last night we are all wet our 
  bedding and Stores are also wet, we haveing nothing which is Sufficient to 
  keep ourselves bedding or Stores dry Several men in the point hunting deer 
  without Suckcess, the Swan and brant which are abundant Cannot be 
  approached Sufficently near to be killed, and the wind and waves too high 
  to proceed on to the place we expect to find Elk, & we have nothing to 
  eate except pounded fish which we brought from the Great falls, this is 
  our present Situation; truly disagreeable. about 12 oClock the wind 
  Shifted around to the N W# and blew with Such violence that I expected 
  every moment to See trees taken up by the roots, maney were blown down. 
  This wind and rain Continued with Short intervales all the latter part of 
  the night. O! how disagreeable is our Situation dureing this dreadfull 
  weather. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1037-1805-11-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  November 29, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  November 29th 1805. the wind being so high the party were unable to 
  proceed with the perogues. I determined therefore to proceed down the 
  river on it's E# side in surch of an eligible place for our winters 
  residence and accordingly set out early this morning in the small canoe 
  accompanyed by 5 men. drewyer R# Fields, Shannon, Colter & labiesh. 
  proceeded along the coast. 
  = 
  send out the hunters they killed 4 deer 2 brant a goos and seven ducks, it 
  rained upon us by showers all day. left three of these deer and took with 
  us one encamped at an old Indian hunting lodge which afforded us a 
  tolerable shelter from the rain, which continued by intervales throughout 
  the night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1038-1805-11-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 29th Friday 1805 Blew hard and rained the greater part of the 
  last night and this morning, Capt Lewis and 5 men Set out in our Small 
  Indian canoe (which is made in the Indian fashion Calculated ride the 
  waves) down the South Side of the river to the place the Indians informed 
  us by Signs that numbers of Elk were to be found near the river ¬ The 
  Swells and waves being too high for us to proceed down in our large 
  Canoes, in Safty 
  = 
  I Sent out two hunters to hunt deer, & one to hunt fowl, all the 
  others employed in drying their leather and prepareing it for use, as but 
  fiew of them have many other Clothes to boste of at this time, we are 
  Smoked verry much in this Camp The Shore on the Side next the Sea is 
  Covered with butifull pebble of various Colours ¬ our diat at this 
  time and for Severall days past is the dried pounded fish we purchased at 
  the falls boiled in a little Salt water 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1039-1805-11-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 29th of November 1805 The wind and rain Continued all the last 
  night, this morning much more moderate. the waves Still high and rain 
  Continues. Capt Lewis and 5 hunters Set out in our Indian Canoe (which is 
  Calculated to ride wave) dow to the place we expected to find Elk from the 
  Inds# information, they pointed to a Small Bay which is yet below us ¬ I 
  Sent out 2 men to hunt Deer which I expected might be on the open hill 
  Sides below, another to hunt fowl in the deep bend above the point, all 
  the others engaged drying their leather before the fire, and prepareing it 
  for usethey haveing but fiew other Species of Clothing to ware at this 
  time 
  = 
  The winds are from Such points that we cannot form our Camp So as to 
  provent the Smoke which is emencely disagreeable, and painfull to the eyes ¬ The 
  Shore below the point at our Camp is formed of butifull pebble of various 
  colours. I observe but fiew birds of the Small kind, great numbers of wild 
  fowls of Various kinds, the large Buzzard with white wings, grey and bald 
  eagle's, large red tailed Hawks, ravens & Crows in abundance, the blue 
  Magpie, a Small brown bird which frequents logs & about the roots of 
  trees ¬ Snakes, Lizards, Small bugs, worms, Spiders, flyes & 
  insects of different kinds are to be Seen in abundance at this time. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1040-1805-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  November 30th 1805. cloudy morning set out before sun rise and continued 
  our rout up the bey 
  = 
  Sent out three men to examin the country to the S# & W# they returned 
  after about 2 hours and informed me that the wood was so thick and 
  obstructed by marrasses & lakes that they were unable to proceed to 
  the ocean which could not be at any considerable distance fom the apparent 
  sound of the waves breaking on the Coast. we now returned and asscended 
  the inlet which we had last passd no fresh appearance of Elk or deer in 
  our rout so far. asscend the inlet as we intended about 1 m# found it 
  became much smaller and that it did not keep it's direction to the high 
  land which boar S# 10 W# but inclined West. therefore returned to the 
  large arm of the bay which we passed this morning. here we expect to meet 
  with the Clat~sop Indians, who have tantilized us with there being much 
  game in their neighbourhood. this information in fact was the cause of my 
  present resurch, for where there is most game is for us the most eliguble 
  winter station. continued our rout up the large arm of the bay about 
  6 miles and encamped on the Stard# side on the highland. the water was 
  quite sweet. therefore concluded that it must be supplyed from a large 
  crick. at our camp it is 120 yds# wide, tho it gets narrower above. it 
  rained but little on us today tho it was cloudy generally. Wind from 
  N# E# ¬ saw a great abundance of fowls, brant, large geese, white 
  brant sandhill Cranes, common blue crains, cormarants, haulks, ravens, 
  crows, gulls and a great variety of ducks, the canvas back, duckinmallard, 
  black and white diver, brown duck ¬ &c &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1041-1805-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  November 30th Saturday 1805 Some rain and hail with intervales of fair 
  weather for 1 and 2 hours dureing the night and untill 9 oClock this 
  morning at which time it Cleared up fair and the Sun Shown, I Send 5 men 
  in a Canoe in the Deep bend above the Peninsulear to hunt fowles, & 2 
  men in the thick woods to hunt Elk had all our wet articles dried & 
  the men all employed dressing their Skins, I observe but few birds in this 
  Countrey of the Small kindsgreat numbers of wild fowl, The large Buzzard 
  with white under their wings Grey & Bald eagle large red tailed hawk, 
  ravins, Crows, & a small brown bird which is found about logs &c# 
  but fiew small hawks or other smaller birds to be seen at this time 
  Snakes, Lizzards, Snales bugs worms Spiders, flies & insects of 
  different kinds are to be Seen in plenty at this time. The Squar, gave me 
  a piece of Bread to day made of Some flower She had Cearfully kept for her 
  child, and had unfortunately got wet The hunters killed only 3 hawks, saw 
  3 Elk but Could not git a Shot at them, The fowlers, killed 3 black ducks, 
  with white Sharp bills, a brown Spot in their foward, Some white under the 
  tail, which Short, and a fiew of the tips of the wing feathers white, 
  Their toes are long Seperated and flaped, no Craw, keep in emence large 
  flocks in the Shallow waters & feed on Grass &c# ¬  Several men 
  Complaining of being unwell to day ¬ a Broock comes in to the bend 
  above the 1st point above, and a river falls in the next nitch above this 
  river is Small, ¬ I observe rose bushes Pine, a kind of ash a Species 
  of Beech and a Species of Maple, in addition to the pine Lorrel and under 
  groth Common to the woods in this Lower Countrey the hills are not high 
  & Slope to the river 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1042-1805-11-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  November 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 30th of November 1805 Some rain and hail with intervales of fair 
  weather for the Space of one or two hours at a time dureing the night 
  untill 9 oClock this morning, at which time it Cleared away and the Sun 
  Shewn for  ¿¿  hours, Several men out hunting I Send 5 men in the bend 
  above to hunt fowl &c# in a Canoe, employ all the others in drying our 
  wet articles by the fire Several men Complain of a looseness and gripeing 
  which I contribute to the diet, pounded fish mixed with Salt water, I 
  derect that in future that the party mix the pounded fish with fresh water ¬ The 
  Squar gave me a piece of bread made of flour which She had reserved for 
  her child and carefully Kept untill this time, which has unfortunately got 
  wet, and a little Sour ¬ this bread I eate with great Satisfaction, it 
  being the only mouthfull I had tasted for Several months past. my hunters 
  killed three Hawks, which we found fat and delicious, they Saw 3 Elk but 
  Could not get a Shot at them. The fowlers killed 3 black Ducks with Sharp 
  White beeks keep in large flocks & feed on Grass, they have no Craw 
  and their toes are Seperate, Common in the U# States 
  = 
  The Chinnooks Cath ldh mah & others in this neighbourhood bury their 
  dead in their Canoes. for this purpose 4 pieces of Split timber are Set 
  erect on end, and sunk a fiew feet in the ground, each brace having their 
  flat Sides opposit to each other and Sufficiently far assunder to admit 
  the width of the Canoe in which the dead are to be deposited; through each 
  of those perpindicular posts, at the hight of 6 feet a mortice is Cut, 
  through which two bars of wood are incerted; on those Cross bars a Small 
  Canoe is placed, in which the body is laid after beaing Carefully roled in 
  a robe of Some dressed Skins; a paddle is also deposited with them; a 
  larger Canoe is now reversed, overlaying and imbracing the Small one, and 
  resting with its gunnals on the Cross bars; one or more large mats of 
  flags or rushes are then rold. around the Canoe and the whole Securely 
  lashed with a long Cord usially made of the bark of the arbar vita or 
  white Cedar. on the Cross bars which Support the Canoes is frequently hung 
  or laid various articles of Clothing Culinary utensils &c# we cannot 
  understand them Sufficiently to make any enquiries relitive to their 
  religious opinions, from their depositing Various articles with their 
  dead, beleve in a State of future ixistance. 
  = 
  I walked on the point and observed rose bushes different Species of pine, 
  a Spcies of ash, alder, a Species of wild Crab Loral and Several Species 
  of under Broth Common to this lower part of the Columbia river ¬  The hills 
  on this Coast rise high and are thickly covered with lofty pine maney of 
  which are 10 & 12 feet through and more than 200 feet high. hills have 
  a Steep assent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1043-1805-12-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  December 1, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  December 1st 1805 Cloudy morning wind from the S# E# sent out the men to 
  hunt and examin the country, they soon returned all except Drewyer and 
  informed me that the wood was so thick it was almost impenetrable and that 
  there was but little appearance of game; they had seen the track of one 
  deer only and a few small grey squirrels. these suirrels are about the 
  size of the red squirrel of the lakes and eastern Atlantic States, their 
  bellies are of a redish yellow, or tanners ooze colour the tale flat and 
  as long as the body eyes black and moderately large back and sides of a 
  greyish brown the brier with a brown bark and three laves which put forth 
  at the extremety of the twigs like the leaves of the blackbury brier, tho 
  is a kind of shrub and rises sometimes to the hight of 10 feet the green 
  brier yet in leaf; the ash with a remarkable large leaf; the large black 
  alder. the large elder with skey blue buries. the broad leave shrub which 
  grows something like the quill wood but has no joints, the leaf broad and 
  deeply indented the bark peals hangs on the stem and is of a yelowish 
  brown colour. the seven bark is also found here as is the common low 
  cramburry ¬ there is a wild crab apple which the natives eat this growth 
  differs but little in appearance from that of the wild crab of the 
  Atlantic States. but the fruit consists of little oval hurries which grow 
  in clusters at the extremities of the twigs like the black haws. the fruit 
  is of a brown colour, oval form and about double as large as the black 
  haw; the rind is smoth and tough somewhat hard; the seed is like that of 
  the wild crab and nearly as large; the pulp is soft of a pale yellow 
  coulour; and when the fruit has been touched by the frost is not 
  unpleasant, being an agreeable assed. the tree which bears a red burry in 
  clusters of a round form and size of a red haw. the leaf like that of the 
  small magnolia, and brark smoth and of a brickdust red coulour it appears 
  to be of the evergreen kind. half after one oclock Drewyer not yet 
  arrived. heard him shoot 5 times just above us and am in hopes he has 
  fallen in with a gang of elk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1044-1805-12-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 1st Sunday 1805 Cloudy windey morning wind from the East, Sent 
  out 2 hunters in the woods, I intended to take 5 men in a Canoe and hunt 
  the marshey Islands above, found the wind too high & returned to 
  partake of the dried fish, The day Some what Cooler than usial, but 
  Scercely perceveable. began to rain at Sun Set and Continued half the 
  night. my hunters returned without any thing Saw 2 gang of Elk a 
  disagreeable Situation, men all employed in mending their leather Clothes, 
  Socks &c# and Dressing Some Leather. The Sea which is imedeately in 
  front roars like a repeeted roling thunder and have rored in that way ever 
  Since our arrival in its borders which is now 24 Days Since we arrived in 
  Sight of the Great Western Ocian, I cant Say Pasific as Since I have Seen 
  it, it has been the reverse. Elegant Canoes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1045-1805-12-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 1, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday December 1st 1805 A cloudy windey morning wind from the East, 
  dispatched two hunters, I deturmined to take a Canoe & a fiew men and 
  hunt the marshey Islands above Point William, the Wind rose So high that I 
  could not proceed, and returned to partake the dried fish, which is our 
  Standing friend, began to rain hard at Sun Set and Continud. my hunters 
  returned without any thing haveing Seen 2 parcels of elk men all employed 
  to day in mending their leather Clothes, Shoes &c# and Dressing 
  leather. 
  = 
  The emence Seas and waves which breake on the rocks & Coasts to the S 
  W# & N W roars like an emence fall at a distance, and this roaring has 
  continued ever Since our arrival in the neighbourhood of the Sea Coast 
  which has been 24 days Since we arrived in Sight of the Great Western; 
  (for I cannot Say Pacific) Ocian as I have not Seen one pacific day Since 
  my arrival in its vicinity, and its waters are forming and petially 
  perpetually breake with emenc waves on the Sands and rockey Coasts, 
  tempestous and horiable. I have no account of Capt# Lewis Since he left 
  me. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1046-1805-12-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 2nd Monday 1805 Cloudy and Some little rain this morning I 
  despatched 3 men to hunt and 2 and my Servent in a Canoe to a Creek above 
  to try & Catch Some fish ¬  I am verry unwell the drid fish which is my 
  only diet does not agree with me and Several of the men Complain of a lax, 
  and weakness ¬ I expect Capt# Lewis will return to day with the 
  hunters and let us know if Elk or deer Can be found Sufficent for us to 
  winter on, If he does not come I Shall move from this place, to one of 
  better prospects for game &c# Joseph Fields came home with the marrow 
  bones of an Elk which he had killed 6 miles distant, I sent out 6 men in a 
  canoe for the meat, the evening being late they did not return this night, 
  which proved fair moon Shineing night ¬ This is the first Elk we have 
  killed on this Side the rockey mounts a great deal of Elk Sign in the 
  neighbourhood 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1047-1805-12-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 2, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 2nd December 1805 Cloudy with Some rain this morning I Send out 
  three men to hunt & 2 & my man york in a Canoe up the 
  Ke~ke~mar~que Creek in Serch of fish and fowl ¬ I feel verry unwell, 
  and have entirely lost my appetite for the Dried pounded fish which is in 
  fact the cause of my disorder at present ¬ The men are generally 
  Complaining of a lax and gripeing ¬ In the evening Joseph Field came 
  in with the Marrow bones of a elk which he killed at 6 miles distant, this 
  welcome news to us. I dispatched Six men in a empty Canoe with Jo# 
  mediately for the elk which he Said was about 3 miles from the water this 
  is the first Elk which has been killd. on this Side of the rockey 
  mountains ¬ Jo Fields givs me an account of a great deel of Elk Sign 
  & Says he Saw 2 Gangs of those Animals in his rout, but it rained So 
  hard that he could not Shoot them ¬ The party up the Creek returned 
  without any thing and informs me they could not See any fish in the Creek 
  to kill and the fowls were too wild to be killed, this must 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1048-1805-12-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 3rd Tuesday 1805 a fair windey morning wind from the East, the 
  men Sent after an Elk yesterday returnd. with an Elk which revived the 
  Sperits of my men verry much, I am unwell and cannot Eate, the flesh O! 
  how disagreeable my Situation, a plenty of meat and incaple of eateing any ¬ an 
  Indian Canoe Came down with 8 Indians in it from the upper village, I gave 
  a fish hook for a fiew Wap~e~to roots, which I eate in a little Elk Supe, 
  The Indians proceeded on down. wind Confines to blow, and Serjt# Pryor 
  & Gibson who went to hunt yesterday has not returnd. as yet I marked 
  my name & the day of the month and year on a large Pine tree on this 
  Peninsella & by land Capt William Clark December 3rd 1805. By Land. U 
  States in 1804 & 1805" ¬ The Squar Broke the two Shank bones of 
  the Elk after the marrow was taken out, boiled them & extracted a Pint 
  of Greese or tallow from them ¬ Serjt# Pryor & Gibson returned 
  after night and informed me they had been lost the greater part of the 
  time they were out, and had killed 6 Elk which they left lying haveing 
  taken out their interals. Some rain this afternoon 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1049-1805-12-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 3, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 3d December 1805 a fair windey morning wind from the East the men 
  returned with the Elk which revived the Spirits of my party verry much I 
  am Still unwell and Can't eate even the flesh of the Elk. an Indian Canoe 
  of 8 Indians Came too, those Inds# are on their way down to the Chit Sops 
  with Wap pa to to barter with that nation, I purchasd. a fiew of those 
  roots for which I gave Small fish hooks, those roots I eate with a little 
  Elks Soupe which I found gave me great relief I found the roots both 
  nurishing and as a check to my disorder. The Indians proceeded on down 
  through emence high waves maney times their Canoe was entirely out of 
  Sight before they were 1/2 a mile distance. Serjt# Pryor & Gibson who 
  went hunting yesterday has not returned untill after night, they informed 
  me that they had killed 6 Elk at a great distance which they left lying, 
  haveing taken out their interals that they had been lost and in their 
  ramble saw a great deel of Elk Sign. after eateing the marrow out of two 
  Shank bones of an Elk, the Squar choped the bones fine boiled them and 
  extracted a pint of Grease, which is Superior to the tallow of the animal. 
  Some rain this evening I marked my name on a large pine tree imediately on 
  the isthmus William Clark December 3rd 1805. By Land from the U# States in 
  1804 & 1805. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1050-1805-12-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 4th Wednesday 180151 Some little rain all the last night and this 
  morning after day the rain increased and Continued 
  = 
  I despatched Serjt# Pryer & 6 men to the Elk which he had killed 
  yesterday, with directions to Save the meet and take loads to the River 
  below in the next great bend ¬ a Spring tide which rose 2 feet higher 
  than Common flud tides, and high water at 11 oClock to day ¬ wind from 
  the S# E in the after noon hard wind from South ¬ rained all day, 
  moderately the Swells too high for me to proceed down, as I intended, I 
  feel my self Something better and have an appetite to eate Something 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1051-1805-12-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 4, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 4th December 1805 Some rain all the last night, this morning it 
  increased with the wind from the S# E# I Set out Sergiant Pryor and 6 men 
  to the Elk he had killed with directions to Carry the meat to a bay which 
  he informed me was below and as he believed at no great distance from the 
  Elk, and I Should proceed on to that bay as Soon as the wind would lay a 
  little and the tide went out in the evening ¬ the Smoke is exceedingly 
  disagreeable and painfull to my eyes, my appetite has returned and I feel 
  much better of my late complaint ¬ a Spring tide to day rose 2 feet 
  higher than Common flood tides and high water at 11 oClock ¬ Hard wind 
  from the South this evening, rained moderately all day and the waves too 
  high for me to proceed in Safty to the bay as I intended, in Some part of 
  which I expected would be convenient for us to make winter quarters, the 
  reports of seven huntes agreeing that elke were in great abundance about 
  the Bay below. no account of Capt# Lewis. I fear Some accident has taken 
  place in his craft or party 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1052-1805-12-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 5th Thursday 1805 Som hard Showers of rain last night, this morn 
  Cloudy and drisley rain, in the bay above the Showers appear harder. High 
  water to day at 12 oClock this tide is 2 Ins. higher than that of 
  yesterday all our Stores again wet by the hard Showers of last night Capt 
  Lewis's long delay below has been the cause of no little uneasiness on my 
  part for him, a 1000 conjectures has crouded into my mind respecting his 
  probable Situation & Safty ¬ rained hard. Capt Lewis returned 
  haveing found a good Situation and Elk Suffient to winter on, his party 
  killed 6 Elk & 5 Deer in their absence in Serch of a Situation and 
  game 
  = 
  Rain continued all the after pt# of the day accompanied with hard wind 
  from the S W# which provents our moveing from this Camp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1053-1805-12-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 5, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 5th of December 1805 Some hard Showers of rain last night, this 
  morning Cloudy and drisley at Some little distant above the isthmus the 
  rain is much harder. high water to day at 12 this tide is 2 inches higher 
  than that of yesterday. all our Stores and bedding are again wet by the 
  hard rain of last night. Capt# Lewis's long delay below, has been the 
  Sorce of no little uneasness on my part of his probable Situation and 
  Safty, the repeeted rains and hard winds which blows from the S, W# 
  renders it impossible for me to move with loaded Canoes along an unknown 
  Coast we are all wet & disagreeable; the party much better of 
  indispositions. Capt# Lewis returned with 3 men in the Canoe and informs 
  me that he thinks that a Sufficient number of Elk may be prcured 
  Convenient to a Situation on a Small river which falls into a Small bay a 
  Short distance below, that his party had Killed 6 Elk & 5 Deer in his 
  rout, two men of his party left behind to Secure the Elk this was verry 
  Satisfactory information to all the party. we accordingly deturmined to 
  proceed on to the Situation which Capt# Lewis had Viewed as Soon as the 
  wind and weather Should permit and Comence building huts &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1054-1805-12-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 6th Friday 1805 Wind blew hard all the last night, and a moderate 
  rain, the waves verry high, This morning the wind which is Still from the 
  S W increased and rained Continued all day, at Dusk wind Shifted to the 
  North and it Cleared up and became fare, High water to day at 12 oClock 
  & 13 Inches higher than yesterday. we were obliged to move our Camp 
  out of the Water on high grown all wet. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1055-1805-12-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 6, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 6th of December 1805 The wind blew hard all the last night with a 
  moderate rain, the waves verry high, the wind increased & from the S# 
  W# and the rain Continued all day, about Dark the wind Shifted to the 
  North cleared away and became fair weather. 
  = 
  The high tide of today is 13 inches higher than yesterday, and obliged us 
  to move our Camp which was in a low Situation, on higher ground Smoke 
  exceedingly disagreeable. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1056-1805-12-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 7th Saturday 1805 Some rain from 10 to 12 last night this morning 
  fair, we Set out at 8 oClock down to the place Capt Lewis pitched on for 
  winter quarters, when he was down proceeded on against the tide at the 
  point No# 2 we met our men Sent down after meet 
  = 
    <h3> 
  To point Adams is West 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  To pt# Disapointment N 75 W 
  = 
  They informed me that they found the Elk after being lost in the woods for 
  one Day and part of another, the most of the meat was Spoiled, they 
  distance was So great and uncertain and the way bad, they brought only the 
  Skins, york was left behind by Some accident which detained us Some time 
  eer he Came up after passing round the pt# No# 2 in verry high swells, we 
  Stopd & Dined in the commencement of a bay, after which proceeded on 
  around the bay to S E# & assended a Creek 8 miles to a high pt# & 
  Camped haveing passed arm makeing up to our left into the countrey 
  = 
  Mt. St# Helens is the mountain we mistook for Mt. Reeaneer 
  = 
  receved 2 Small Brooks on the East, extencive marshes at this place of 
  Encampment We propose to build & pass the winter, The situation is in 
  the Center of as we conceve a hunting Countrey ¬ This day is fair 
  except about 12 oClock at which time Some rain and a hard wind imedeately 
  after we passed the point from the N# E which Continued for a about 2 
  hours and Cleared up. no meat 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1057-1805-12-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 7, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 7th of December 1805 Some rain from 10 to 12 last night, this 
  morning fair, have every thing put on board the Canoes and Set out to the 
  place Capt Lewis had viewed and thought well Situated for winter quarters ¬ we 
  proceeded on against the tide to a point about  ¿¿  miles here we met 
  Sergt Pryor and his party returning to the Camp we had left without any 
  meat, the waves verry verry high, as much as our Canoes Could bear 
  rendered it impossible to land for the party, we proceeded on around the 
  point into the bay and landed to take brackfast on 2 Deer which had been 
  killed & hung up, one of which we found the other had been taken off 
  by some wild animal probably Panthors or the Wildcat of this Countrey here 
  all the party of Serjt Pryors joined us except my man york, who had Stoped 
  to rite his load and missed his way, Sergt Pryor informed us that he had 
  found the Elk, which was much further from the bay than he expected, that 
  they missed the way for one day and a half, & when he found the Elk 
  they were mostly Spoiled, and they only brought the Skins of 4 of the Elk 
  after brackfast I delayed about half an hour before York Came up, and then 
  proceeded around this Bay which I have taken the liberty of calling 
  Meriwethers Bay the Cristian name of Capt# Lewis who no doubt was the 1st 
  white man who ever Surveyed this Bay, we assended a river which falls in 
  on the South Side of this Bay 3 miles to the first point of high land on 
  the West Side, the place Capt# Lewis had viewed and formed in a thick 
  groth of pine about 200 yards from the river, this situation is on a rise 
  about 30 feet higher than the high tides leavel and thickly Covered with 
  lofty pine. this is certainly the most eligable Situation for our purposes 
  of any in its neighbourhood. 
  = 
  Meriwethers Bay is about 4 miles across deep & receves 2 rivers the 
  Kil how~d~nah~kle and the Ne tul and Several Small Creeks ¬ we had a 
  hard wind from the N# E# and Some rain about 12 oClock to day which lasted 
  2 hours and Cleared away. From the Point above Meriwethers Bay 
  = 
  to Point Adams is West 
  = 
  to point Disapointment is N# 75° W 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1058-1805-12-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 8th Sunday 1805 a Cloudy morning, I took 5 men and Set out to the 
  Sea to find the nearest place & make a way, to prevent our men getting 
  lost and find a place to make Salt, Steered S 62° W at 2 miles passed the 
  head of a Brook running to the right, the lands good roleing much falling 
  timber, lofty Pine of the Spruce kind, & Some fur, passed over a high 
  hill & to a Creek which we kept down 11/2 miles and left it to our 
  right, Saw fish in this Creek & Elk & Bear tracks on it, passed 
  over a ridge to a low marshey bottom which we Crossed thro water & 
  thick brush for 1/2 a mile to the Comencement of a Prarie which wavers, 
  Covered with grass & Sackay Commis, at 1/2 Crossed a marsh 200 yds 
  wide, boggey and arrived at a Creek which runs to the right. Saw a gange 
  of Elk on the opposit Side below, rafted the Creek, with much dificulty 
  & followed the Elk thro, emence bogs, & over 4 Small Knobs in the 
  bogs about 4 miles to the South & Killed an Elk, and formed a Camp, 
  Covered our Selves with the Elk Skins. the left of us Bogs & a lake or 
  pond those bogs Shake, much Cramberry growing amongst the moss. Some rain 
  this evening we made a harty Supper of the Elk & hung up the balsa 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1059-1805-12-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 8, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday December 8th 1805 Fort Clatsop We haveing fixed on this Situation 
  as the one best Calculated for our Winter quarters I deturmin'd to go as 
  direct a Course as I could to the Sea Coast which we Could here roar and 
  appeared to be at no great distance from us, my principal object is to 
  look out a place to make Salt, blaze the road or rout that they men out 
  hunting might find the direction to the fort if they Should get lost in 
  cloudy weather ¬ and See the probibillity of game in that direction, for the 
  Support of the Men, we Shall Send to make Salt, I took with me five men 
  and Set out on a Course S 60 W proceeded on a dividing ridge through lofty 
  piney land much falling timber. passed the heads of 2 brooks one of them 
  had wide bottoms which was over flown & we waded to our knees crossed 
  2 Slashes and arrived at a Creek in a open ridgey prarie covered with 
  Sackacomma this Creek we were obliged to raft, which is about 60 yards 
  over and runs in a direction to Point adams, we discovered a large gange 
  of Elk in the open lands, and we prosued them through verry bad Slashes 
  and Small ponds about 3 miles, Killed one and camped on a Spot Scercely 
  large enough to lie Clear of the Water. it is almost incredeable to assurt 
  the bogs which those animals Can pass through, I prosue'd this gang of Elk 
  through bogs which the wate of a man would Shake for 1/2 an Acre, and 
  maney places I Sunk into the mud and water up to my hips without finding 
  any bottom on the trale of those Elk. Those bogs are Covered with a kind 
  of moss among which I observe an ebundance of Cramberries. in those 
  Slashes Small Knobs are promisquisly Scattered about which are Steep and 
  thickly Covered with pine Common to the Countrey & Lorel. we made a 
  Camp of the Elk Skin to keep off the rain which Continued to fall, the 
  Small Knob on which we Camped did not afford a Sufficiency of dry wood for 
  our fire, we collected what dry wood we Could and what Sticks we Could Cut 
  down with the Tomahawks, which made us a tolerable fire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1060-1805-12-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 9th Monday 1805 rained all the last night we are all wet, Send 2 
  men in pursute of the Elk & with the other 3 I Set out with a view to 
  find the Ocian in our first direction, which Can be at no great Distance, 
  I crossed 3 Slashes by wadeing to my knees & was prevented proceeding 
  by the 4th which was a pond of 200 yds# we# I went around, and was Stoped 
  by a 5th which apd. to be a rung Stream to the right. I then returned to 
  the raft and recrossd. & proceeded down the Stream I first Struck 
  about 2 miles & met 3 Indians, who informed me they lived on the See 
  cost at a Short distance, I determd. to accompany them to their vilg. 
  & we Set out, crossed the Stream, and 2 of the Indians took the Canoe 
  over the wavering open rich plains for 1/2 a mile and we Crossed the same 
  stream which run to the left, we then left the canoe and proceeded to the 
  Same Stream which runs to the right and empties its Self into the See here 
  I found their vilg. 4 Lodges on the west bank of this little river which 
  is here 70 yards wide, Crossed in a Canoe & was invited to a lodge by 
  a young Chief was treated great Politeness, we had new mats to Set on, and 
  himself and wife produced for us to eate, fish, Lickorish, & black 
  roots, on neet Small mats, and Cramberries & Sackacomey berris, in 
  bowls made of horn, Supe made of a kind of bread made of berries common to 
  this Countrey which they gave me in a neet wooden trencher, with a Cockle 
  Shell to eate it with It began to rain and with a tremendious storm from 
  the S# W# which lasted untill 10 oClock P M ¬ when I was disposd to go 
  to Sleep 2 neet mats was produced & I lay on them but the flees were 
  So troublesom that I Slept but little Those people has 2 plays which they 
  are fond of one is with a Been which they pass from one hand into the 
  other, and the oponent guess on this game the resquist nubr of the white 
  Beeds which is the principal property ¬ they other game is with round 
  Pieces of wood much the Shape of the  ¿¿  Backgammon which they role thro 
  between 2 pins. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1061-1805-12-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 9, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 9th December 1805 rained all the last night we are all wet, I 
  directed 2 hunters Drewyer & Shannon to go in pursute of the Elk, with 
  the other 3 men I determined to proceed on to the Ocian, & Set out on 
  a Westerley direction Crossed 3 Slashes and arived at a Creek which I 
  could not Cross as it was deep and no wood to make a raft, I proceeded 
  down this Creek a Short distance and found that I was in a fork of the 
  Creek, I then returned to raft on which we had Crossed the day. crossed 
  and kept down about one mile and met 3 Indians loaded with fresh Salmon 
  which they had Giged in the Creek I crossed yesterday in the hills, those 
  indians made Signs that they had a town on the Seacoast at no great 
  distance, and envited me to go to their town which envitation I axcepted 
  and accompand. them, they had a Canoe hid in the Creek which I had just 
  before rafted which I had not observed, we crossed in this little Canoe 
  just large enough to carry 3 men an their loads after Crossing 2 of the 
  Indians took the Canoe on theire Sholders and Carried it across to the 
  other Creek about 1/4 of a mile, we Crossed the 2d Creek and proceeded on 
  to the mouth of the Creek which makes a great bend above the mouth of this 
  Creek or to the S# is 3 houses and about 12 families of the Clat Sop 
  Nation, we cross to those houses, which were built on the S# exposur of 
  the hill, Sunk into the ground about 4 feet the walls roof & gable 
  ends are of Split pine boards, the dotes Small with a ladder to decend to 
  the iner part of the house, the fires are 2 in the middle of the house 
  their beads ar all around raised about 21/2 feet from the bottom flore all 
  covered with mats and under those beads was Stored their bags baskets and 
  useless mats, those people treated me with extrodeanary friendship, one 
  man attached himself to me as Soon as I entered the hut, Spred down new 
  mats for me to Set on, gave me fish berries rutes &c# on Small neet 
  platteers of rushes to eate which was repeated, all the Men of the other 
  houses Came and Smoked with me Those people appeared much neeter in their 
  diat than Indians are Comonly, and frequently wash theer faces and hands ¬ in 
  the eveng an old woman presented a bowl made of a light Coloured horn a 
  kind of Surup made of Dried berries which is common to this Countrey which 
  the natives Call Shele wele this Surup I though was pleasent, they Gave me 
  Cockle Shells to eate a kind of Seuip made of bread of the Shele well 
  berries mixed with roots in which they presented in neet trenchers made of 
  wood. a flock of Brant lit in the Creek which was 70 yds wide I took up my 
  Small rifle and Shot one which astonished those people verry much, they 
  plunged into the Creek and brought the brant on Shorein the evening it 
  began to rain and Continud accompanied with a Violent wind from the S# W# 
  untill 10 oClock P#M# those people have a Singular game which they are 
  verry fond of and is performed with Something about the Size of a large 
  been which they pass from, one hand into the other with great dexterity 
  dureing which time they Sing, and ocasionally, hold out their hands for 
  those who Chuse to risque their property to guess which hand the been is 
  in; the individual who has the been is a banker & opposed to all in 
  the room. on this game they risque their beeds & other parts of their 
  most valuable effects ¬ this amusement has occupied about 3 hours of 
  this evening, Several of the lodge in which I am in have lost all the 
  beeds which they had about them ¬ they have one other game which a man 
  attempted to Show me, I do not properly understand it, they make use of 
  maney peces about the Shape and size of Backgammon Pices which they role 
  through between two pins Stuck up at certain distancies &#. when 
  I was Disposed to go to Sleep the man who had been most attentive named 
  Cus~ka~lah producd 2 new mats and Spred them near the fire, and derected 
  his wife to go to his bead which was the Signal for all to retire which 
  they did emediately. I had not been long on my mats before I was attacked 
  most violently by the flees and they kept up a close Siege dureing the 
  night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1062-1805-12-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 10th 1805 Tusday A Cloudey rainy morning those people was Some 
  what astonished, at three Shot I made with my little riffle to day, a 
  gangu of Brant Set in the little river, I Killd# 2 of them as they Set, 
  and on my return Saw a Duck which I took the head off of, the men plunged 
  into the water like Spaniards Dogs after those fowls, after eateing a 
  brackfast which was Similar to my Suppar, I attempted to purchase Some 
  fiew roots which I offered red beeds for, they would give Scercely any 
  thing for Beeds of that Colour, I then offered Small fish hooks which they 
  were fond of and gave me Some roots for them, I then Set out on my return 
  by the Same road I had went out accompd. by my young Chief by name 
  Cus~ca~lar who Crossed me over the 3 Creek, and returned I proceeded on to 
  my Camp thro a heavy Cold rain, Saw no game ¬ at the Sea Cost near 
  those Indins I found various kinds of Shells, a kind of Bay opsd# those 
  people with a high pt# about 4 miles below, out from which at Some dists I 
  Saw large rocks, as the day was Cloudy I could not See distinctly ¬ found 
  Capt Lewis with all hands felling trees, to build with, rained nearly all 
  day, in my absence they men had bt. in the 6 Elk which was Killed Some 
  days past 4 men complaining of being unwell from various causes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1063-1805-12-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 10, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 10th December 1805 a Cloudy rainey morning verry early I rose and 
  walked on the Shore of the Sea coast and picked up Several Curious Shells. 
  I Saw Indians walking up and down the beech which I did not at first 
  understand the Cause of, one man came to where I was and told me that he 
  was in Serch of fish which is frequently thrown up on Shore and left by 
  the tide, and told me the "Sturgion was verry good" and that the water 
  when it retired left fish which they eate this was Conclusive evedance to 
  me that this Small band depended in Some Measure for their winters 
  Subsistance on the fish which is thrown on Shore and left by the tide ¬  
  after amuseing my Self for about an hour on the edge of the rageing Seas I 
  returned to the houses, one of the Indians pointed to a flock of Brant 
  Sitting in the creek at Short distance below and requested me to Shute 
  one, I walked down with my Small rifle and killed two at about 40 yds 
  distance, on my return to the houses two Small ducks Set at about 30 Steps 
  from me the Indians pointed at the ducks they were near together, I Shot 
  at the ducks and accidently Shot the head of one off, this Duck and brant 
  was Carried to the house and every man Came around examined the Duck 
  looked at the gun the Size of the ball which was 100 to the pound and Said 
  in their own language Clouch Musket, wake, com ma~tax Musket which is, a 
  good Musket do not under Stand this kind of Musket &c# I entered the 
  Same house I Slept in, they imediately Set before me their best roots, 
  fish and Surup, I attempted to purchase a Small Sea otter Skin for read 
  beeds which I had in my pockets, they would not trade for those beeds not 
  priseing any other Colour than Blue or White, I purchased a little of the 
  berry bread and a fiew of their roots for which I gave Small fish hooks, 
  which they appeared fond of ¬ I then Set out on my return by the Same 
  rout I had Come out accompanied by Cus~ka lah and his brother as far as 
  the 3d Creek, for the purpose of Setting me across, from which place they 
  returned, and I proceeded on through a heavy rain to the Camp at our 
  intended fort, Saw a bears track & the tracks of 2 Elk in the thick 
  woods ¬ found Capt Lewis with all the men out Cutting down trees for 
  our huts &c# in my absence the Men brought in the Six Elk which was 
  killed Several days ago. 4 men Complaining of violent Coalds. three 
  Indians in a Canoe Came up from the Clat Sop Village yesterday and 
  returned to day. The Sea Coast is about 7 miles distant Nearly West about 
  5 miles of the distance through a thick wood with reveens hills and Swamps 
  the land, rich black moald 2 miles in a open wavering Sandy prarie, ridge 
  runing parrelal to the river, Covered with Green Grass. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1064-1805-12-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 11th Wednesday rained all last night moderately, we are all 
  employed putting up the huts, rained at intervales all day moderately 
  employed in putting up Cabins for our winter quarters, one man with 
  Turners, one with a Strained Knee, one Sick with Disentary & Serjt# 
  Pryor unwell from haveing his Sholder out of place 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1065-1805-12-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 11, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 11th December 1805 rained all the last night moderately we are 
  all employed putting up huts or Cabins for our winters quarters. Sergeant 
  Pryor unwell from a dislocation of his Sholder, Gibson with the disentary, 
  Jo# Fields with biles on his legs, & Werner with a Strained Knee. The 
  rained Continued moderately all day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1066-1805-12-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 12th Thursday 1805 Some moderate Showers last night and this 
  morning all hands who are well employed in building Cabins, despatched 2 
  men to get board timber, The flees so bad last night that, I made but a 
  broken nights rest we can't get them out of our robes & Skins, which 
  we are obliged to make use of for bedding Some rain to day at Intervales ¬ all 
  at work, in the evening 2 Canoe of Indians Came from the 2 villages of 
  Clotsop below, & brought Wapitoo roots a black root they call 
  Si~ni~tor and a Small Sea orter Skin all of which we purchased for a fiew 
  fishing hooks & Some Snake Indian Tobacco. Those Indians appeare well 
  disposed, I made a Chief of one & gave him a Small medel, his name is 
  Conyear we treated those people well ¬ they are tite Deelers, value 
  Blu & white beeds verry highly, and Sell their roots also highly as 
  they purchase them from the Indians abov for a high price 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1067-1805-12-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 12, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 12th December 1805 All hands that are well employ'd in Cutting 
  logs and raising our winter Cabins, detached two men to Split boards ¬ Some 
  rain at intervales all last night and to day ¬ The flees were So 
  troublesom last night that I made but a broken nights rest, we find great 
  dificuelty in getting those trouble insects out of our robes and blankets ¬ in 
  the evening two Canoes of Chit Sops Visit us they brought with them Wap pa 
  to, a black Sweet root they Call Sha~na toe qua, and a Small Sea Otter 
  Skin, all of which we purchased for a fiew fishing hooks and a Small Sack 
  of Indian tobacco which was given by the Snake Inds# 
  = 
  Those Indians appear well disposed we gave a Medal to the principal Chief 
  named Con~ny~au or Com mo~wol and treated those with him with as much 
  attention as we could ¬ I can readily discover that they are Close 
  deelers, & Stickle for a verry little, never close a bargin except 
  they think they have the advantage Value Blue beeds highly, white they 
  also prise but no other Colour do they Value in the least ¬ the Wap pa 
  to they Sell high, this root the purchase at a high price from the nativs 
  above. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1068-1805-12-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 13th Friday 1805 The Indians left us to day after brackfast, 
  haveing Sold us 2 of the robes of a Small animal for which I intend 
  makeing a Capot, and Sold Capt Lewis 2 Loucirvia Skins for the Same 
  purpose. Drewyer & Shannon returned from hunting havg. killed 18 Elk 
  and butchered all except 2 which they Could not get as night provented 
  ther finding them & they Spoild. 
  = 
  3 Indians in a Canoe Came and offered us for Sale Sinutor roots, fish 
  & 2 Sea otter Skins for Sale none of which we Could purchase. Some 
  rain last night and this day at Several times, light Showers. we Continue 
  building our houses of the Streightest &  ¿¿ _ logs, Sent out 2 men to 
  Split timber to Covet the Cabins, and I am glad to find the timber Splits 
  butifully, and of any width 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1069-1805-12-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 13, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 13th December 1805 The Clatsops leave us to day after a brackfast 
  on Elk which they appeared to be very fond of before they left us they 
  Sold me two robes of the Skins of a Small animal about the Size of a Cat, 
  and to Captain Lewis 2 Cat or Loucirva Skins for the purpose of makeing a 
  Coat. Drewyer & Shannon returned from hunting, haveing killed 18 Elk 
  & left them boochered in the woods near the right fork of the river 
  about 6 miles above this place ¬ in the evining 3 Indians came in a 
  Canoe, and offered to us for Sale roots & 2 Sea otter Skins, neither 
  of which we Could purchase this evening. Some Showers of rain last night, 
  and to day Several verry hard Showers ¬ we Continue to put up the 
  Streight butifull balsom pine on our houses ¬ and we are much pleased to 
  find that the timber Splits most butifully and to the width of 2 feet or 
  more. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1070-1805-12-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 14th Saturday 1805 a cloudy day & rained moderately all day 
  we finish the log works of our building, the Indians leave us to day after 
  Selling a Small Sea otter Skin and a roabe, Send 4 men to Stay at the Elk 
  which is out in the woods &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1071-1805-12-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 14, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 14th December 1805 The Day Cloudy and rained moderately all day 
  we finish the log work of our building, the Indians leave us to day after 
  Selling a Small Sea otter Skin and a roab, dispatch 4 men to the Elk out 
  in the woods with derections to delay untill the party goes up tomorrow. 
  all employd in finishing a house to put meat into. all our last Supply of 
  Elk has Spoiled in the repeeted rains which has been fallen ever Since our 
  arrival at this place, and for a long time before, Scerce one man in Camp 
  Can host of being one day dry Since we landed at this point, the Sick 
  getting better, my man York Sick with Cholick & gripeing 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1072-1805-12-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 15th Sunday 1805 I Set out with 16 men in 3 Canoes for the Elk 
  proced up the 1st right hand fork 4 miles & pack the meat from the 
  woods to the Cano from 4 mile to 3 miles distance all hands pack not one 
  man exempted from this labour I also pack my Self Some of this meat, and 
  Cook for those out in packing Some rain in the evening Cloudy all day, the 
  last load of meat all the party got out of the road or Direction and did 
  not get to the Canoe untill after night, 5 did not join to night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1073-1805-12-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 15, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday the 15th December 1805. I Set out early with 16 men and 3 Canoes 
  for the Elk, proceed up the River three miles and thence up a large Creek 
  from the right about 3 miles the hite of the tide water drew up the Canoes 
  and all hands went out in three different parties and brought in to the 
  Canoe each Man a quarter of Elk, I Sent them out for a Second load and had 
  Some of the first Cooked against their return, after eateing a harty diner 
  dispatched the party for a third and last load, about half the men missed 
  their way and did not get to the Canoes untill after Dark, and Serjt# 
  Ordway Colter, Colins Whitehouse & McNeal Staid out all night without 
  fire and in the rain ¬ Cloudy all day Some rain in the evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1074-1805-12-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 16th Monday 1805 rained all the last night we Covered our Selves 
  as well as we Could with Elk Skins, & Set up the greater part of the 
  night, all wet I lay in the water verry Cold, the 5 men who Stayed out all 
  night joined me this morning Cold & wet, Ordway Colter Collens, Jo 
  Whitehouse J McNeal, I had the two Canoes loaded with the 11 Elk which was 
  brought to the Canoes, despatched 12 men to meet me below with 2 Elk, The 
  rain Contines, with Tremendious gusts of wind, which is Tremds. I 
  proceeded on and took in the 2 Elk which was brought to the Creek, & 
  Send back 7 men to Carrey to the Canoe & take down to Camp 3 Elk which 
  was left in the woods, and I proceeded on to Camp thro the Same Chanel I 
  had assd# The winds violent Trees falling in every derection, whorl winds, 
  with gusts of rain Hail & Thunder, this kind of weather lasted all 
  day, Certainly one of the worst days that ever was! I found 3 Indeans with 
  Capt Lewis in camp they had brought fish to Sell, we had a house Covered 
  with Punchen & our meat hung up. Several men Complaining of hurting 
  themselves Carry meet, &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1075-1805-12-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 16, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 16th December 1805 I as also the party with me experiencd a most 
  dreadfull night rain and wet without any Couvering, indeed we Set up the 
  greater part of the Night, when we lay down the water Soon Came under us 
  and obliged us to rise. the five men who Stayed out all night joind me 
  this morning wet and Cold, haveing Stayed out without fire or Shelter and 
  the rain poreing down upon them all night their appearance was truly 
  distressingthey had left all their loads near the place they Spent the 
  night ¬ I dispatched 12 men for 2 Elk which was reather below on the 
  opposit Side of the Creak, with directions to meet me at the 2d bend in 
  the Creek below, had all the meat which had been brought in yesterday put 
  into 2 Canoes and proceeded down to the 2d bend where I met the 12 men 
  with the 2 Elk, dispatchd 6 men with one of those who Staid out last night 
  for the meet left in the woods & the remainder an elk at Some distance 
  and proceeded on my Self with 3 Canoes to the fort. wind violent from the 
  S E 
  = 
  trees falling, rain and hail, we with Some risque proceeded on thro the 
  high waves in the river, a tempestious disagreeable day. 
  = 
  I found 3 indians at our Camp, they brought fish to Sell which were pore 
  & not fit for use, had the meet house coverd and the meat all hung up, 
  Several men complain of haveing hurt themselves heavy loads of meat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1076-1805-12-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 17th Tuesday 1805 rained Some last night and this morning, all 
  hands at work about the huts Chinking them, The 7 men left to bring in the 
  Elk left in the woods Come with 2 the 3rd they Could not find, as it was 
  that left by the party that got lost night before last 
  = 
  The after part of the Day fair & Cool, fore part of the Day rain 
  hailed & blew hard, The mountain which lies S# E of this is covered 
  with Snow to day we fleece all the meat and hang it up over a Small Smoke 
  The trees are hard to Split for Punchens to Cover our houses &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1077-1805-12-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 17, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 17th of December 1805 Some rain last night and a continuation of 
  it this morning. all the men at work about the houses, Some Chinking, 
  Dobbing Cutting out dores &c# &c# The 7 men left to bring in the 
  Elk arrived and informed that they Could not find the meat that the party 
  who Stayed out all night had left ¬ the forepart of this day rained 
  hailed and blew hard, the after part is fair and Cool ¬ a Mountain 
  which is S#  ¿¿ ° E# about 10 miles distant has got Snow on its top which 
  is ruged and uneavin 
  = 
  Cause a Small fire & Smoke to be made under the meat which is hung up 
  in Small peaces. The trees which our men have fallen latterly Split verry 
  badly into boards. The most of our Stores are wet. our Leather Lodge has 
  become So rotten that the Smallest thing tares it into holes and it is now 
  Scrcely Sufficent to keep off the rain off a Spot Sufficiently large for 
  our bead. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1078-1805-12-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 18th Wednesday 1805 rained and Snowed alturnitely all the last 
  night and the gusts of Snow and hail continue untill 12 oClock, Cold and a 
  dreadfull day wind hard and unsettled, we continue at work at our huts, 
  the men being but thinly dressed, and no Shoes causes us to doe but little ¬ at 
  12 the Snow & hail Seased & the after part of the day was Cloudy 
  with Some rain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1079-1805-12-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 18, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 18th December 1805 rained and Snowed alternetly all the last 
  night, and Spurts of Snow and Hail Continued untill 12 oClock, which has 
  chilled the air which is Cool and disagreeable, the wind hard & 
  unsettled ¬ The men being thinly Dressed and mockersons without Socks 
  is the reason that but little can be done at the Houses to day ¬ at 12 
  the Hail & Snow Seased, and rain Suckceeded for the latter part of the 
  day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1080-1805-12-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  December 18, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Fort Clatsop, December 18th 1805. This day one of the men shot a bird of 
  the Corvus genus, which was feeding on some fragments of meat near the 
  camp. this bird is about the size of the kingbird or bee martin, and not 
  unlike that bird in form. the beak is 3/4 of an inch long, wide at the 
  base, of a convex, and cultrated figure, beset with some small black hairs 
  near it's base. the chaps are of nearly equal lengths tho the upper 
  exceeds the under one a little, and has a small nich in the upper chap 
  near the extremity perceptable only by close examineation. the colour of 
  the beak is black. the eye is large and prominent, the puple black, and 
  iris of a dark yellowish brown. the legs and feet are black and 
  imbricated. has four toes on each foot armed with long sharp tallons; the 
  hinder toe is nearly as long as the middle toe in front and longer than 
  the two remaining toes. the tale is composed of twelve fathers the longest 
  of which are five inches, being six in number placed in the center. the 
  remaining six are placed 3 on either side and graduly deminish to four 
  inches which is the shortest and outer feathers. the tail is half the 
  length of the bird, the whole length from the extremity of the beak to the 
  extremity of the tale being 10 Inches. the head from it's joining the nect 
  forward as far as the eyes nearly to the base of the beak and on each side 
  as low as the center of the eye is black. arround the base of the beak the 
  throat jaws, neck, brest and belley are of a pale bluish white. the wings 
  back and tale are of a bluish black with a small shade of brown. this bird 
  is common to this piny country are also found in the rockey mountains on 
  the waters of the columbia river or woody side of those mountains, appear 
  to frequent the highest sumits of those mountains as far as they are 
  covered with timber. their note is que, quit~it, que~hoo; and tah, tah, 
  & ¬ there is another bird of reather larger size which I saw on 
  the woddy parts of the rockey mountains and on the waters of the Missouri, 
  this bird I could never kill tho I made several attempts, the predominate 
  colour is a dark blue the tale is long and they are not crested; I believe 
  them to be of the corvus genus also. their note is char, char, char~ar, 
  char; the large blue crested corvus of the Columbia river is also 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1081-1805-12-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  December 19, 1805
@section 3 {txl}
  Discription of the blue Crested corvus bird common to the woody and 
  western side of the Rockey mountains, and all the woody country from 
  thence to the Pacific Ocean It's beak is black convex, cultrated, wide at 
  its base where it is beset with hairs, and is 11 inches from the opening 
  of the chaps to their extremity, and from the joining of the head to the 
  extremity of the upper chap 1 1/8 Inches, the upper exceeds the under chap 
  a little; the nostrils are small round unconnected and placed near the 
  base of the beak where they lye concealed by the hairs or hairy feathers 
  which cover the base of the upper chap. the eye reather large and full but 
  not prominent and of a deep bluefish black, there being no difference in 
  the colour of the puple and the iris. the crest is very full the feathers 
  from 1 to 11/2 Inches long and occupye the whole crown of the head. the 
  head neck, the whole of the body including the coverts of the wings, the 
  upper disk of the tail and wings are of a fine gossey bright indigo blue 
  Colour the under disk of the tail and wings are of a dark brown nearly 
  black. the leg and first joint of the tye are 41/4 In. long, the legs and 
  feet are black and the front covered with 6 scales the hinder part smothe, 
  the toes are also imbrecated, four in number long and armed with long 
  sharp black tallons. the upper disk of the first four or five feathers of 
  the wing next to the boddy, are marked with small transverse stripes of 
  black as are also the upper side of the two center feathers of the tail; 
  the tail is five inches long & is composed of twelve feathers of equal 
  length. the tail 1 & 1/2 as long as the boddy. the whole length from 
  the point of the beak to extremity of the tail 1 Foot 1 Inch; from the tip 
  of one to the tip of the other wing 1 Foot 51/2 Inches. the Conta. the 
  size & the whole Contour of this bird resembles very much the blue jay 
  or jaybird as they are called in the U States. like them also they seldom 
  rest in one place long but are in constant motion hoping from spra to 
  spray. what has been said is more immediately applicable to the male, the 
  colours of the female are somewhat different in her the head crest neck 
  half the back downwards and the converts of the wings are of a dark brown, 
  but sometimes there is a little touch of the Indigo on the short feathers 
  on the head at the base of the upper chap. this bird feeds on flesh when 
  they can procure it, also on bugs flies and buries. I do not know whether 
  they distroy little birds but their tallons indicate their capacity to do 
  so if nature, has directed it. their note is loud and frequently repeated 
  cha' ¬ a cha' ¬ a' &c# ¬ also twat twat twat, very quick 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1082-1805-12-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 19th Thursday 1805 Some rain with intervales of fair weather last 
  night, The morning Clear and wind from S W# I despatched Sjt# Pryer with 8 
  men in 2 Canoes across the bay for the boads of an Indian house which is 
  abandoned, the other part of the men continue to doe a little at the huts, 
  the after part of the day Cloudy with hail & rain, Sgt# Pryer and 
  party returned with 2 Canoe loads of Boards, two Indians Came & Stayed 
  but a Short time 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1083-1805-12-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 19, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 19th December 1805 Some rain with intervales of fair weather last 
  night, this morning Clear & the wind from the S, W# we dispatched Sjt# 
  Pryor with 8 men in 2 Canoes across Meriwethers Bay for the boards of an 
  old Indian house which is vacant, the residue of the men at work at their 
  huts ¬ the after part of the Day Cloudy with Hail and rain, Serjt# 
  Pryor & party returned in the evening with a load of old boards which 
  was found to be verry indifferent 
  = 
    <h3> 
  2 Indians Cam and Stayed a Short time to day 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1084-1805-12-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 20th Friday 1805 Some rain and hail last night and this morning 
  it rained hard untill 10 oClock, men all employd Carrying Punchens and 
  Covering Cabins 4 of which we had Covered, & Set Some to Dobing ¬ the 
  after part of the day Cloudy and Some Showers of rain. 3 Indians came with 
  Lickorish Sackacomie berries & mats to Sell, for which they asked Such 
  high prices that we did not purchase any of them, ¬ Those people ask 
  double & tribble the value of everry thing they have to Sell, and 
  never take less than the full value of any thing, they prise only Blue 
  & white heeds, files fish hooks and Tobacco ¬ Tobacco and Blue 
  beeds principally 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1085-1805-12-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 20, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 20th of December 1805 Some rain and hail last night and the rained 
  Continued untill 10 oClock a,m, Men all employd in Carrying punchens or 
  boards & Covering the houses, 4 of which were Covered to day, the 
  after part of the day Cloudy with Several Showers of rain ¬ 3 Indians 
  arrive in a Canoe. they brought with them mats, roots & Sackacome 
  berries to Sell for which they asked Such high prices that we did not 
  purchase any of them. Those people ask generally double and tribble the 
  value of what they have to Sell, and never take less than the real value 
  of the article in Such things as is calculated to do them Service. Such as 
  Blue & white heeds, with which they trade with the nativs above; files 
  which they make use of to Sharpen their tools, fish hooks of different 
  Sises and tobacco ¬  Tobacco and blue beeds they do prefur to every thing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1086-1805-12-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 21st Saturday 1805 rain as usial last night and all day to day 
  moderately. we Continued at the Cabins dobbing & Shinking of them, 
  fall Several trees which would not Split into punchins ¬ the Indians 
  were detected in Stealing a Spoon & a Bone, and left us, our Sackey 
  Commy out Send 2 men to gather Some at the ocian, Saw Elk Sign 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1087-1805-12-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 21, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 21st December 1805 rained as useal all the last night, and contd# 
  moderately all day to day without any intermition, men employd at the 
  houses. one of the indians was detected Stealing a horn Spoon, and leave 
  the Camp. dispatched two men to the open lands near the Ocian for 
  Sackacome, which we make use of to mix with our tobacco to Smoke which has 
  an agreeable flavour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1088-1805-12-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 22nd Sunday 1805 rained all the last night & to day without 
  much intermition we finish dobbig 4 huts which is all we have Covered, the 
  Punchin floor & Bunks finished Drewyer go out to trap ¬ Sjt# J# 
  Ordway, Gibson & my Servent Sick Several with Biles on them & 
  bruses of different kinds, much of our meat Spoiled. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1089-1805-12-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 22, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 22nd December 1805 rained Continued all the last night and to day 
  without much intermition, men employd doeing what they can at the houses. 
  Drewyer Set out up the Creek to Set his traps for beaver, Sergt# ordway, 
  Gibson & my Servent Sick, Several men Complain of biles and bruses of 
  differant kinds. 
  = 
  We discover that part of our last Supply of meat is Spoiling from the 
  womph of the weather not withstanding a constant Smoke kept under it day 
  and night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1090-1805-12-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 23rd Monday 1805 rained without intermition all last night, and 
  this day much Thunder in the morning and evening with rain and Some hail 
  to day, we are all employd about our huts have ours Covered and Dobed 
  & we move into it, 2 Canoes of Indians Came up to day. I purchased 3 
  mats verry neetly made, 2 bags made with Flags verry neetly made, those 
  the Clotsops Carry ther fish in. also a Panthor Skin and Some Lickorish 
  roots, for which I gave a worn out file, 6 fish hooks & Some Pounded 
  fish which to us was Spoiled, but those people were fond of ¬ in the 
  evining those people left us I also gave a String of wompom to a Chief, 
  and Sent a Small pice of Simimon to a Sick Indian in the Town who had 
  attached himself to me 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1091-1805-12-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 23, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 23rd December 1805 Rained without intermition all the last night 
  and to day with Thunder and Hail the fore and after part of this day Capt 
  Lewis and my Self move into our hut to day unfinished ¬ two Canoes 
  with Indians of the Clat Sop nation Came up to day. I purchased 3 mats and 
  bags all neetly made of flags and rushes, those bags are nearly Square of 
  different size's open on one Side, I also purchased a panthor Skin 71/2 
  feet long including the tail, all of which I gave 6 Small fish hooks, a 
  Small worn out file & Some pounded fish which we Could not use as it 
  was So long wet that it was Soft and molded, the Indians of this 
  neighbourhood prize the pound'd fish verry highly, I have not observed 
  this method of Secureing fish on any other part of the Columbian waters 
  then that about the Great falls. I gave a 2d Chief a String of wampom, and 
  Sent a little pounded fish to Cus~ca~lah who was Sick in the village & 
  could not come to See us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1092-1805-12-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 24th Tuesday ¬ 5 Some hard rain at different times last night, and 
  moderately this morning without intermition all hands employed in Carrying 
  Punchens & finishing Covering the huts, and the greater part of the 
  men move into them a hard rain in the evening. 
  = 
  Cuscalar the young Clot Sop Chief Came with a young brother and 2 young 
  Squar, they gave or laid before Capt Lewis and my Self a mat and each a 
  large Parsel of roots, Some time after he demanded 2 files for his Present 
  we returned the present as we had no files to Speare which displeased them 
  a little they then offered a woman to each which we also declined axcpting 
  which also displeased them. Jo Fields finish for Capt Lewis and my Self 
  each a wide Slab hued to write on, I gave a handkerchief &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1093-1805-12-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 24, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 24th December 1805 hard rain at Different times last night and all 
  this day without intermition. men all employd in finishing their huts and 
  moveing into them. 
  = 
  Cuscalah the Indian who had treated me So politely when I was at the 
  Clatsops village, come up in a Canoe with his young brother & 2 Squars 
  he laid before Capt Lewis and my Self each a mat and a parcel of roots 
  Some time in the evening two files was demanded for the presents of mats 
  and roots, as we had no files to part with, we each returned the present 
  which we had received, which displeased Cuscalah a little. he then offered 
  a woman to each of us which we also declined axcepting of, which 
  displeased the whole party verry much ¬ the female part appeared to be 
  highly disgusted at our refuseing to axcept of their favours &c# 
  = 
  our Store of Meat entirely Spoiled, we are obliged to make use of it as we 
  have nothing else except a little pounded fish, the remains of what we 
  purchased near the great falls of the Columbia, and which we have ever 
  found to be a convenient resort, and a portable method of curing fish 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1094-1805-12-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 25th Christmas 1805 Wednesday Some rain at different times last 
  night and Showers of hail with intervales of fair Starr light, This 
  morning at day we were Saluted by all our party under our winders, a Shout 
  and a Song ¬ after brackfast we divided our tobacco which amounted to 
  2 Carrots, one half we gave to the party who used Tobacco those who did 
  not we gave a Handkerchief as a present, The day proved Showery all day, 
  the Inds# left us this eveningall our party moved into their huts. we 
  dried Some of our wet goods. I rcved a present of a Fleeshe Hoserey vest 
  draws & Socks of Capt Lewis, pr# Mockerson of Whitehouse, a Small 
  Indian basket of Guterich, & 2 Doz weasels tales of the Squar of 
  Shabono, & Some black roots of the Indians G# D# Saw a Snake passing 
  across the parth 
  = 
  Our Diner to day Consisted of pore Elk boiled, Spilt fish & Some 
  roots, a bad Christmass diner worm Day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1095-1805-12-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 25, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Christmas Wednesday 25th December 1805 at day light this morning we were 
  awoke by the discharge of the fire arm of all our party & a Selute, 
  Shoute and a Song which the whole party joined in under our windows, after 
  which they retired to their rooms were Chearfull all the morning ¬ after 
  brackfast we divided our Tobacco which amounted to 12 carrots one half of 
  which we gave to the men of the party who used tobacco, and to those who 
  doe not use it we make a present of a handkerchief, The Indians leave us 
  in the evening all the party Snugly fixed in their huts ¬ I recved a 
  presnt of Capt L# of a fleece hosrie Shirt Draws and Socks, a pr# 
  mockersons of Whitehouse a Small Indian basket of Gutherich, two Dozen 
  white weazils tails of the Indian woman, & Some black root of the 
  Indians before their departure ¬ Drewyer informs me that he Saw a 
  Snake pass across the parth to day. The day proved Showerey wet and 
  disagreeable. 
  = 
  we would have Spent this day the nativity of Christ in feasting, had we 
  any thing either to raise our Sperits or even gratify our appetites, our 
  Diner concisted of pore Elk, So much Spoiled that we eate it thro mear 
  necessity, Some Spoiled pounded fish and a fiew roots. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1096-1805-12-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 26th Thursday 1805 rained and blew hard last night Some hard 
  Thunder, The rain continued as usial all day and wind blew hard from the 
  S# E, Joseph Fields finish a Table & 2 Seats for us. we dry our wet 
  articles and have the blankets fleed, The flees are So troublesom that I 
  have Slept but little for 2 nights past and we have regularly to kill them 
  out of our blankets every day for Several past ¬ maney of the men have 
  ther Powder wet by the horns being repeetdly wet, hut Smoke verry bad. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1097-1805-12-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 26, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 26th December 1805 rained and blew with great Violence S E all 
  the last night, Some hard Claps of Thunder, the rain as usial Continued 
  all day ¬ we dry our wet articles before the fire, and have our 
  blankets fleed, great numbers were Caught out of the blankets, those 
  trouble insects are So abundant that we have to have them killd. out of 
  our blankets every day or get no Sleep at night ¬ The powder in maney 
  of the mens horns are wet from their being so long exposed to the rain 
  &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1098-1805-12-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 27th Friday 1805. rained last night as usial and the greater part 
  of this day, the men Complete Chimneys & Bunks to day, in the evening 
  a Chief and 4 men Come of the Clotsop nation, Chief Co~ma wool we Sent out 
  R# Fields & Collins to hunt and order Drewyer, Shannon & Labiach 
  to Set out early to morrow to hunt, ¬ Jo Fields, Bratten, & Gibson 
  to make Salt at Point Addams, ¬  Willard & Wiser, to assist them in 
  carrying the Kitties &c to the Ocian, and all the others to finish the 
  Pickets and gates. worm weather I Saw a Musquetor which I Showed Capt# 
  Lewis ¬ Those Indians gave is, a black root they Call Shan~na~tah que 
  a kind of Licquerish which they rost in embers and Call Cul ho~mo, a black 
  berry the Size of a Cherry & Dried which they call Shel~well, ¬ all 
  of which they prise highly and make use of as food to live on, for which 
  Capt Lewis gave the chief a Cap of Sheep Skin and I his Son, ear bobs, 
  Piece of riben, a pice of brass, and 2 Small fishing hooks, of which they 
  were much pleased Those roots & berres, are greatfull to our Stomcks 
  as we have nothing to eate but Pore Elk meet, nearly Spoiled; & this 
  accident of Spoiled meet, is owing to wormth & the repeeted rains, 
  which cause the meet to tante before we Can get it from the woods 
  Musquetors troublesorn 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1099-1805-12-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 27, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 27th December 1805 rained last night as usial and the greater part 
  of this day. In the evening Co~mo wool the Chief and 4 men of the Clat Sop 
  nation they presented us a root which resembles the licquirish in Size and 
  taste, which they roste like a potato which they Call Cul ho~mo, also a 
  black root which is cured in a kill like the pash~a~co above; this root 
  has a Sweet taste and the natives are verry fond of it ¬ they Call 
  this root Shaw~na~tah~que. also a dried berry about the size of a Chery 
  which they Call Shele well all those roots those Indians value highly and 
  give them verry Spearingly. in return for the above roots Capt Lewis gave 
  the Chief a Small piece of Sheap Skin to Ware on his head, I gave his Son 
  a par of ear bobs and a pece of ribon, and a Small piece of brass for 
  which they were much pleased. 
  = 
  Those roots and berries are timely and extreamly greatfull to our 
  Stomachs, as we have nothing to eate but Spoiled Elk meat, I Showed Capt 
  L# 2 Musquetors to day, or an insect So much the Size Shape and appearance 
  of a Musquetor that we Could observe no kind of differance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1100-1805-12-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 28th Saturday 1805 rained as usial, a great part of the last 
  night, and this morning rained and the wind blew hard from the S# E# Sent 
  out the hunters and Salt makers, & employd the baleanc of the men 
  Carrying the Pickets &c# &c# hunters Sent out yesterday returned, 
  haveing killed one deer near the Sea cost, my boy york verry unwell from 
  violent Colds & Strains Carrying in meet and lifting logs on the huts 
  to build them, This day is worm, and rained all day moderately without 
  intermition. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1101-1805-12-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 28, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday the 28th December 1805 rained as usial the greater part of the 
  last night and a continuation this morning accompanied with wind from the 
  S East Derected Drewyer, Shannon, Labeash, Reuben Field, and Collins to 
  hunt; Jos. Fields, Bratten, Gibson to proceed to the Ocean at Some 
  Convenient place form a Camp and Commence makeing Salt with 5 of the 
  largest Kittles, and Willard and Wiser to assist them in Carrying the 
  Kittles to the Sea Coastall the other men to be employed about putting up 
  pickets & makeing the gates of the fort. my man Y. verry unwell from a 
  violent Coald and Strain by Carrying meet from the woods and lifting the 
  heavy logs on the works &c# rained all Day without intermition. the 
  Weather verry worm. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1102-1805-12-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 29th Sunday 1805 rained last night as usial, this morning Cloudy 
  without rain a hard wind from the S# E# The Inds# left us this morning and 
  returned to their village, after begging for maney things which they did 
  not secure as we Could not Spare them I gave the Chief Canio a Razor, Sent 
  out 3 men across the river to hunt, all others employd putting up pickets 
  Pete Crusat Sick with a violent Cold My Servent better ¬ we are told 
  by the Indians that a whale has foundered on the Coast to the N# W and 
  their nations is collecting fat of him, the wind is too high for us to See 
  it, Capt Lewis is been in readiness 2 days to go and Collect Some of the 
  whale oyle the wind has proved too high as yet for him to Set out in Safty 
  In the evening a young Chief 4 men and 2 womin of the War~ci~a~cum tribe 
  came in a large canoe with Wapto roots, Dressed Elk Skins &c# to Sell, 
  the Chief made me a present of about a half a bushel of those roots ¬ we 
  gave him a medal of a Small Size and a piece of red ribin to tie around 
  the top of his Hat which was made with a double Cone, the diameter of the 
  upper about 3 Inches the lower a about 1 foot 
  = 
  We purchased about 11/2 bushels of those roots for which we gave Some few 
  red beeds, Small pices of brass wire and old Check ¬ those roots 
  proved greatfull to us as we are now liveing on Spoiled Elk which is 
  extreamly disagreeable to the Smel. as well as the taste, I can plainly 
  discover that a considerable exchange of property is Continually Carried 
  on between the Tribes and villages of those people they all dress litely 
  ware nothing below the waste, a pice of fur abt# around the body, and a 
  Short robe which Composes the total of their dress, except a few Split 
  hats, and heeds around ther necks wrists and anckles, and a few in their 
  ears. They are small and not handsom generally Speaking women 
  perticularly. 
  = 
  The Chin nook womin are lude and Carry on Sport publickly the Clotsop and 
  others appear deffidend, and reserved The flees are So noumerous in this 
  Countrey and difficult to get Cleare of that the Indians have difft. 
  houses & villages to which they remove frequently to get rid of them, 
  and not withstanding all their precautions, they never Step into our hut 
  without leaveing Sworms of those troublesom insects. Indeed I Scercely get 
  to Sleep half the night Clear of the torments of those flees, with the 
  precaution of haveing my blankets Serched and the flees killed every day ¬ The 
  1 s of those insects we Saw on the Collumbia River was at the 1 s Great 
  falls ¬ I have the Satisfaction to Say that we had but little rain in 
  the Course of this day, not as much as would wet a person. but hard wind 
  and Cloudy all day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1103-1805-12-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 29, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 29th December 1805 rained all the last night a usial, this morning 
  Cloudy without rain, a hard wind from the S# E I gave the Cheif a razor, 
  and himself and party left us after begging us for maney articles none of 
  which they recvied as we Could not Spare the articles they were most in 
  want of. Peter Crusat 
  = 
  Sick with a violent Cold, my man Y. better. all hands employed about the 
  Pickets & gates of the fort. we were informed day before yesterday 
  that a whale had foundered on the coast to the S# W# near the Kil a mox N# 
  and that the greater part of the Clat Sops were gorn for the oile & 
  blubber, the wind proves too high for us to proceed by water to See this 
  monster, Capt Lewis has been in readiness Since we first heard of the 
  whale to go and see it and collect Some of its Oil, the wind has proved 
  too high as yet for him to proceed ¬ this evining a young Chief 4 Men 
  and 2 womin of the War ci a cum Nation arrived, and offered for Sale 
  Dressed Elk Skins and Wap pa to, the Chief made us a preasent of about 1/2 
  a bushel of those roots. and we purchased about 11/2 bushels of those 
  roots for which we gave Some fiew red beeds Small peaces of brass wire 
  & old Check those roots proved a greatfull addition to our Spoiled 
  Elk, which has become verry disagreeable both to the taste & Smell we 
  gave this Chief a Medal of a Small Size and a piece of red riben to tie 
  around the top of his hat which was of a Singular Construction Those 
  people will not Sell all their Wap pa to to us they inform us that they 
  are on their way to trade with the Chit Sops. The nations above Carry on a 
  verry Considerable interchange of property with those in this 
  neighbourhood. they pass altogether by water, they have no roads or pathes 
  through the Countrey which we have observed, except across portages from 
  one Creek to another, all go litely dressed ware nothing below the waste 
  in the Coaldest of weather, a piece of fur around their bodies and a Short 
  roabe Composes the Sum total of their dress, except a few hats, and heeds 
  about their necks arms and legs Small badly made and homely generally. The 
  flees are So noumerous and hard to get rid of; that the Indians have 
  different houses which they resort to occasionally, not withstanding all 
  their precautions they never Step into our house without leaveing Sworms 
  of those tormenting insects; and they torment us in Such a manner as to 
  deprive us of half the nights Sleep frequently ¬ the first of those 
  insects which we saw on the Columbian waters was at the Canoe portage at 
  the great falls. Hard winds & Cloudy all day but verry little rain to 
  day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1104-1805-12-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 30th Monday 1805 Hard wind and Some rain last night, this morning 
  fair and the Sun Shown for a Short time 4 Indians Came from the upper 
  Villages they offered us roots which we did not Chuse to axcept of, as 
  their expectations for those presents of a fiew roots is 3 or 4 times 
  their real worth, those Indians with those of yesterday Continued all day. 
  Drewyer & party of hunters returned and informed they had killed 4 
  Elk, a party of 6 men was imediately Sent for the meet, they returned at 
  Dusk, with the 4 Elk, of which we had a Sumptious Supper of Elk Tongues 
  & marrow bones which was truly gratifying. 
  = 
  The fort was Completed this evening and at Sun Set we let The Indians know 
  that, our Custom will be to Shut the gates at Sun Set, at which time, they 
  must all go out of the fort those people who are verry foward and 
  disegreeable, left the huts with reluctiance ¬ This day proved the 
  best we have had Since at this place, only 3 Showers of rain to day, 
  Cloudy nearly all day, in the evening the wind luled and the fore part of 
  the night fair and clear. I Saw flies & different kinds of insects in 
  motion to day Snakes are yet to be seen, and Snales without Cover is 
  Common and large, fowls of every kind Common to this quarter abound in the 
  Creek & Bay near us 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1105-1805-12-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 30, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 30th December 1805 Hard wind and Some rain last night. this morning 
  the Sun Shown for a Short time ¬ four Indians came down from the War 
  cia cum Village, they offered us roots which we did not think proper to 
  accept of as in return they expect 3 or 4 times as much as the roots as we 
  Could purchase the Roots for, and are never Satisfied with what they 
  receive, those 4 Indians & these that Came yesterday Stayed all day. 
  Drewyer returned and informed that he had killed 4 Elk at no great 
  distance off, a party of 6 men was imediately dispatched for the meat, and 
  returned at Dusk with the 4 Elk ¬ we had a Sumptious Supper of Elks 
  tongues & marrow bones which was truly gratifying ¬ our 
  fortification is Completed this evening ¬ and at Sun Set we let the nativs 
  know that our Custom will be in future, to Shut the gates at Sun Set at 
  which time all Indians must go out of the fort and not return into it 
  untill next morning after Sunrise at which time the gates will be opened, 
  those of the War ci a cum Nation who are very foward left the houses with 
  reluctianc this day proved to be the fairest and best which we have had 
  since our arrival at this place, only three Showers dureing this whole 
  day, wind the fore part of the day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1106-1805-12-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  December 31st Tuesday 1805 A Cloudy night & Some rain, this day proved 
  Cloudy and Some Showers of rain to day all the Indians Continued at their 
  Camp near us, 2 others Canoes Came one from the War~ci~a~cum Village, with 
  three Indians, and the other from higher up the river of the Skil~lute 
  nation with three men and a Squar; Those people brought with them Some 
  Wapto roots, mats made of flags, & rushes, dried fish and Some fiew 
  Shene~tock~we (or black) roots & Dressed Elk Skins, all of which they 
  asked enormous prices for, particularly the Dressed Elk Skins; I purchased 
  of those people Some Wapto roots, two mats and a Small pouch of Tobacco of 
  their own manufactory ¬ for which I gave large fish hooks, which they 
  were verry fond, those Indians are much more reserved and better behaved 
  to day than yesterday ¬ the Sight of our Sentinal who walks on his 
  post, has made this reform in those people who but yesterday was verry 
  impertenant and disagreeable to all ¬ This evening they all Cleared 
  out before the time to Shut the gates, without being derected to doe So ¬ I 
  derected Sinks to be dug and a Sentinal Box which was accomplished one of 
  those Indeans brought a Musquet to be repared, which only wanted a Screw 
  flattened, for which he gave me a Peck of Wapto roots, I gave him a flint 
  and a pice of Sheep Skin of which he was pleased 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1107-1805-12-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  December 31, 1805
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 31st December 1805 last night was Cloudy and Some rain, this day 
  prove Cloudy and Showerry all day, all the Indians Continue at their Camp 
  near us, two other Canoes arrived, one from the War ci a cum Village with 
  3 indians and the other of 3 men & a Squar from higher up the river 
  and are of the Skil~lute nation, those people brought with them Some 
  Wappato roots, mats made of flags and rushes dried fish, and a fiew 
  Shaw~na tah~que and Dressed Elk Skins, all of which they asked enormous 
  prices for, perticularly the dressed Elk Skins, I purchased of those 
  people Some Wap pa to two mats and about 3 pipes of their tobacco in a 
  neet little bag made of rushes ¬ This tobacco was much like what we 
  had Seen before with the So So ne or Snake indians, for those articles I 
  gave a large fishing hook and Several other Small articles, the 
  fishinghooks they were verry fond of. Those Skit lutes are much better 
  behaved than the War ci a cum indeed we found a great alteration in the 
  Conduct of them all this morning, the Sight of our Sentinal on his post at 
  the gate, together with our deturmined proseedure of putting all out at 
  Sun Set has made this reform in those War ci a corns who is foward 
  impertinant an thieveish. 
  = 
  The nativs all leave us the fort this evening before Sun Set without being 
  told or desired to do So ¬ we had Sinks dug & a Sentinal box made ¬  
  a Skit lute brought a gun which he requested me to have repared, it only 
  wanted a Screw flattened So as to Catch, I put a flint into his gun & 
  he presented me in return a peck of Wappato for payment, I gave him piece 
  of a Sheap Skin and a Small piece of blue Cloth to Cover his lock for 
  which he was much pleased and gave me in return Some roots &c# 
  = 
  I Saw flies and different kinds of insects in motion to day ¬ Snakes 
  are yet to be Seen and Snales without Covers is Common and verry large 
  water fowls of various kinds are in great numbers in the rivers and Creeks 
  and the sides of Meriwethers Bay near us but excessively wild ¬  the fore 
  part of this night fair and Clear 
  = 
  With the party of Clat Sops who visited us last was a man of much lighter 
  Coloured than the nativs are generaly, he was freckled with long duskey 
  red hair, about 25 years of age, and must Certainly be half white at 
  least, this man appeared to understand more of the English language than 
  the others of his party, but did not Speak a word of English, he possessed 
  all the habits of the indians 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1108-1806-01-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Fort Clatsop 1806. January 1st Tuesday. This morning I was awoke at an 
  early hour by the discharge of a volley of small arms, which were fired by 
  our party in front of our quarters to usher in the new year; this was the 
  only mark of rispect which we had it in our power to pay this celebrated 
  day. our repast of this day tho better than that of Christmass, consisted 
  principally in the anticipation of the 1st day of January 1807, when in 
  the bosom of our friends we hope to participate in the mirth and hilarity 
  of the day, and when with the zest given by the recollection of the 
  present, we shall completely, both mentally and corporally, enjoy the 
  repast which the hand of civilization has prepared for us. at present we 
  were content with eating our boiled Elk and wappetoe, and solacing our 
  thirst with our only beverage pure water. two of our hunters who set out 
  this morning reterned in the evening having killed two bucks elk; they 
  presented Capt# Clark and myself each a marrow~bone and tonge, on which we 
  suped. visited today by a few of the Clotsops who brought some roots and 
  burries for the purpose of trading with us. we were uneasy with rispect to 
  two of our men, Willard and Wiser, who were dispatched on the 28th ulto# 
  with the saltmakers, and were directed to return immediately; their not 
  having returned induces us to believe it probable that they have missed 
  their way. our fourtification being now completed we issued an order 
  for the more exact and uniform dicipline and government of the garrison. 
  (see orderly book 1st January 1806). 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1109-1806-01-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  January 1st Wednesday 1806 This morning proved cloudy with moderate rain, 
  after a pleasent worm night during which there fell but little rain ¬ This 
  morning at Day we wer Saluted from the party without, wishing us a "hapy 
  new year" a Shout and discharge of their arms ¬ no Indians to be Seen 
  this morning ¬  they left the place of their encampment dureing the last 
  night The work of our houses and fort being now Complete, we Ishued an 
  order in which we pointed out the rules & regulations for the 
  government of the Party in respect to the Indians as also for the Safty 
  and protection of our Selves &c# 
  = 
  two Clotsops Came with a mat and Some fiew roots of Cut wha mo, for which 
  they asked a file they did not trade but Continued all night 
  = 
  Sent out 2 hunters this morning who returned, haveing killed 2 Elk about 3 
  miles distant, Some fiew Showers of rain in the Course of this day. Cloudy 
  all the day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1110-1806-01-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Clatsop 1806 Wednesday the 1st of January This morning I was awoke at 
  an early hour by the discharge of a Volley of Small arms, which were fired 
  by our party in front of our quarters to usher in the new year, this was 
  the only mark of respect which we had it in our power to pay this 
  Selibrated day. our repast of this day tho better than that of Christmas 
  Consisted principally in the anticipation of the 1st day of January 1807, 
  when in the bosom of our friends we hope to participate in the mirth and 
  hilarity of the day, and when with the relish given by the recollection of 
  the present, we Shall Completely, both mentally and Corparally, the repast 
  which the hand of Civilization has produced for us. at present we were 
  Content with eating our boiled Elk and Wappato, and Solacing our thirst 
  with our only beverage pure water. two of our hunters who Set out this 
  morning returned in the evening haveing killed two Buck Elks; they 
  presented Capt# Lewis and my Self each a marrow bone and tongue on which 
  we Suped ¬ we are visited to day by a fiew of the Clatsops by water 
  they brought some roots and berries for the purpose of tradeing with us. 
  our fortification being now Complete we issue an order for the more exact 
  and uniform dicipline and government of the garrison. (See orderly book 
  Jany 2d 1806) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1111-1806-01-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Fort Clatsop, January 1st 1806 The fort being now completed, the 
  Commanding officers think proper to direct that the guard shall as usual 
  consist of one Sergeant and three privates, and that the same be regularly 
  relieved each morning at sun rise. The post of the new guard shall be in 
  the room of the Sergeants rispectivly commanding the same. the centinel 
  shall be posted, both day and night, on the parade in front of the 
  commanding offercers quarters; tho should he at any time think proper to 
  remove himself to any other part of the fort, in order the better to 
  inform himself of the desighns or approach of any party of savages, he is 
  not only at liberty, but is hereby required to do so. It shall be the duty 
  of the centinel also to announce the arrival of all parties of Indians to 
  the Sergeant of the Guard, who shall immediately report the same to the 
  Commanding officers. 
  = 
  The Commanding Officers require and charge the Garrison to treat the 
  natives in a friendly manner; nor will they be permitted at any time, to 
  abuse, assault or strike them; unless such abuse assault or stroke be 
  first given by the natives. nevertheless it shall be right for any 
  individual, in a peaceable manner, to refuse admittance to, or put out of 
  his room, any native who may become troublesome to him; and should such 
  native refuse to go when requested, or attempt to enter their rooms after 
  being forbidden to do so; it shall be the duty of the Sergeant of the 
  guard on information of the same, to put such native out of the fort and 
  see that he is not again admitted during that day unless specially 
  permitted; and the Sergeant of the guard may for this purpose imploy such 
  coercive measures (not extending to the taking of life) as shall at his 
  discretion be deemed necessary to effect the same. 
  = 
  When any native shall be detected in theft, the Sergt# of the guard shall 
  immediately inform the Commanding offercers of the same, to the end that 
  such measures may be pursued with rispect to the culprit as they shall 
  think most expedient. 
  = 
  At sunset on each day, the Sergt# attended by the interpreter Charbono and 
  two of his guard, will collect and put out of the fort, all Indians except 
  such as may specially be permitted to remain by the Commanding offercers, 
  nor shall they be again admitted untill the main gate be opened the 
  ensuing morning. 
  = 
  At Sunset, or immediately after the Indians have been dismissed, both 
  gates shall be shut, and secured, and the main gate locked and continue so 
  untill sunrise the next morning; the water~gate may be used freely by the 
  Garrison for the purpose of passing and repassing at all times, tho from 
  sunset, untill sunrise, it shall be the duty of the centinel, to open the 
  gate for, and shut it after all persons passing and repassing, suffering 
  the same never to remain unfixed long than is absolutely necessary. 
  = 
  It shall be the duty of the Sergt# of the guard to keep the kee of the 
  Meat house, and to cause the guard to keep regular fires therein when the 
  same may be necessary; and also once at least in 24 hours to visit the 
  canoes and see that they are safely secured; and shall further on each 
  morning after he is relieved, make his report verbally to the Commandg 
  officers. 
  = 
  Each of the old guard will every morning after being relieved furnish two 
  loads of wood for the commanding offercers fire. 
  = 
  No man is to be particularly exempt from the duty of bringing meat from 
  the woods, nor none except the Cooks and Interpreters from that of 
  mounting guard. 
  = 
  Each mess being furnished with an ax, they are directed to deposit in the 
  room of the commanding offercers all other public tools of which they are 
  possessed; nor shall the same at any time hereafter be taken from the said 
  deposit without the knoledge and permission of the commanding officers; 
  and any individual so borrowing the tools are strictly required to bring 
  the same back the moment he has ceased to use them, and no case shall they 
  be permited to keep them out all night. 
  = 
  Any individual selling or disposing of any tool or iron or steel 
  instrument, arms, accoutrements or ammunicion, shall be deemed guilty of a 
  breach of this order, and shall be tryed and punished accordingly.the 
  tools loaned to John Shields are excepted from the restrictions of this 
  order. 
  = 
  Meriwether Lewis Capt# 1st U#S# Regt# Wm# Clark Capt# &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1112-1806-01-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday, January 2nd 1806 Sent out a party of men and brought in the two 
  Elk which were killed yesterday. Willard and Wiser have not yet returned 
  nor have a party of hunters returned who set out on the 26th Ulto# the 
  Indians who visited yesterday left us at 1 P M today after having disposed 
  of their roots and berries for a few fishinghooks and some other small 
  articles. we are infested with swarms of flees already in our new 
  habitations; the presumption is therefore strong that we shall not devest 
  ourselves of this intolerably troublesome vermin during our residence 
  here. The large, and small or whistling swan, sand hill Crane, large and 
  small gees, brown and white brant, Cormorant, duckan mallard, Canvisback 
  duck, and several other species of ducks, still remain with us; tho I do 
  not think that they are as plenty as on our first arrival in the 
  neighbourhood. Drewyer visited his traps and took an otter. the fur of 
  both the beaver and otter in this country are extreemly good; those 
  annamals are tolerably plenty near the sea coast, and on the small Creeks 
  and rivers as high as the grand rappids, but are by no means as much so as 
  on the upper part of the Missouri. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1113-1806-01-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  January 2nd Thursday 1806. A Cloudy rainey morning after a wet night. 
  dispatched 12 Men for the two Elk Killed yesterday which they brought in 
  at 11 oClock. the day proved Cloudy and wet, the Indians left us at 1 
  oClock P# M, Drewyer visited his traps which had one otter in one of them. 
  The flees are verry troublesom, our huts have alreadey Sworms of those 
  disagreeable insects in them, and I fear we Shall not get rid of them 
  dureing our delay at this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1114-1806-01-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 2nd of January 1806. Sent out a party of men and brought in the 
  two Elk which was killed yesterday. Willard & Wiser have not yet 
  returned nor have a party of hunters who Set out on the 26th ulto the 
  Indians who visited us yesterday left us at 1 P# M to day after haveing 
  disposed of their roots and berries for a fiew fishing hooks and Some 
  other Small articles. we are infestd. with Sworms of flees already in our 
  new habatations; the presumption is therefore Strong that we Shall not 
  devest our Selves of this intolerably troublesom vermin dureing our 
  residence here. The large, & Small or whistling Swan, Sand hill crane, 
  large & Small Gees, brown and white brant, Comorant, Duckanmallard, 
  canvis back duck, and Several other Species of Ducks Still remain with us; 
  tho I doe not think they are as plenty as on our first arrival in the 
  neighbourhood. Drewyer visit his traps at took out an otter. the fur of 
  both the beaver and otter as also the rackoon in this countrey are 
  extreemly good; those animals are tolerably plenty near the Sea coast, on 
  the Small creeks and rivers as high as the grand Rapids. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1115-1806-01-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday January 3d 1806. At 11 A#M# we were visited by our near neighbours, 
  Chief or Tia, Como~wool; alias Conia and six Clatsops. they brought for 
  sale some roots buries and three dogs also a small quantity of fresh 
  blubber. this blubber they informed us they had obtained from their 
  neighbours the Callamucksz who inhabit the coast to the S# E# near whose 
  vilage a whale had recently perished. this blubber the Indians eat and 
  esteeme it excellent food. our party from necessaty having been obliged to 
  subsist some lenth of time on dogs have now become extreemly fond of their 
  flesh; it is worthy of remark that while we lived principally on the flesh 
  of this anamal we were much more healthy strong and more fleshey than we 
  had been since we left the Buffaloe country. for my own part I have become 
  so perfectly reconciled to the dog that I think it an agreeable food and 
  would prefer it vastly to lean Venison or Elk. a small Crow, the blue 
  crested Corvus and the smaller corvus with a white brest, the little brown 
  ren, a large brown sparrow, the bald Eagle and the beatifull Buzzard of 
  the columbia still continue with us. Sent Sergt# Gass and George 
  Shannon to the saltmakers who are somewhere on the coast to the S# W# of 
  us, to enquire after Willard and Wiser who have not yet returned. Reubin 
  Fields Collins and Pots the hunters who set out on the 26th Ulto# returned 
  this evening after dark. they reported that they had been about 15 Miles 
  up the river at the head of the bay just below us and had hunted the 
  country from thence down on the East side of the river, even to a 
  considerable distance from it and had proved unsuccessful) having killed 
  one deer and a few fowls, barely as much as subsisted them. this reminded 
  us of the necessity of taking time by the forelock, and keep out several 
  parties while we have yet a little meat beforehand.I gave the Chief 
  Comowooll a pare of sattin breechies with which he appeared much pleased. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1116-1806-01-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  January 3rd Friday 1806 The Sun rose fair this morning for the first time 
  for Six weeks past, the Clouds Soon obscure it from our view, and a Shower 
  of rain Suckceededlast night we had Sharp lightening a hard thunder 
  Suckceeded with heavy Showers of hail, and rain, which Continud with 
  intervales of fair moon Shine dureing the night. Sent out Sergt# Gass 
  & 2 men to the Salt makers with a vew to know what is the Cause of the 
  delay of 2 of our party Willard & Wiser who we are uneasy about, as 
  they were to have been back 6 days ago. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1117-1806-01-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday the 3rd January 1806 At 11 A# m# we were visited by our near 
  neighbour Chief (or Tia) Co mo wool alias Conia and Six Clat sops. they 
  brought for Sale Some roots berries and 3 Dogs also a Small quantity of 
  fresh blubber. this blubber they informed us they had obtained from their 
  neighbours the Cal la mox who inhabit the coast to the S# E near one of 
  their Villages a Whale had recently perished. this blubber the Indians eat 
  and esteem it excellent food. our party from necescity have been obliged 
  to Subsist Some length of time on dogs have now become extreamly fond of 
  their flesh; it is worthey of remark that while we lived principally on 
  the flesh of this animal we wer much more helthy Strong and more fleshey 
  then we have been Sence we left the Buffalow Country. as for my own part I 
  have not become reconsiled to the taste of this animal as yet. a Small 
  Crow, the blue Crested Corvus and the Smaller Corvus with a white breast, 
  the little brown ren, and a large brown Sparrow, the bald Eagle, and the 
  butifull Buzzard of the Columbia Still Continue with us, Send Sarjt. Gass 
  and G# Shannon to the Salt makers who are on the Sea Coast to the S, W# of 
  us, to enquire after Willard & Wiser who have not yet returned. R# 
  Field, potts & Collins the hunters who Set out on the 28th ulto# 
  returned this evening after dark. they reported that they had been about 
  15 miles up the river which falls into Meriwethers Bay to the East of us, 
  and had hunted the Country a considerable distance to East, and had proved 
  unsucksesfull haveing killed one Deer and a fiew fowls, bearly as much as 
  Subsisted them. this reminded us of the necessity of takeing time by the 
  forelock, and keep out Several parties while we have yet a little meat 
  beforehand. Capt Lewis gave the Cheif Cania a par of Sattin breechies with 
  which he appeared much pleased. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1118-1806-01-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 4th 1806. Comowooll and the Clatsops who visited us 
  yesterday left us in the evening. These people the Chinnooks and others 
  residing in this neighbourhood and speaking the same language have been 
  very friendly to us; they appear to be a mild inoffensive people but will 
  pilfer if they have an opportuny to do so where they conceive themselves 
  not liable to detection. they are great higlers in trade and if they 
  conceive you anxious to purchase will be a whole day bargaining for a 
  handfull of roots; this I should have thought proceeded from their want of 
  knowledge of the comparitive value of articles of merchandize and the fear 
  of being cheated, did I not find that they invariably refuse the price 
  first offered them and afterwards very frequently accept a smaller 
  quantity of the same article; in order to satisfy myself on this subject I 
  once offered a Chinnook my watch two knives and a considerable quantity of 
  beads for a small inferior sea Otter's skin which I did not much want, he 
  immediately conceived it of great value, and refused to barter except I 
  would double the quantity of beads; the next day with a great deal of 
  importunity on his part I received the skin in exchange for a few strans 
  of the same beads he had refused the day before. I therefore believe this 
  trait in their character proceeds from an avaricious all grasping 
  disposition. in this rispect they differ from all Indians I ever became 
  acquainted with, for their dispositions invariably lead them to give 
  whatever they are possessed off no matter how usefull or valuable, for a 
  bauble which pleases their fancy, without consulting it's usefullness or 
  value. nothing interesting occurred today, or more so, than our wappetoe 
  being all exhausted. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1119-1806-01-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 4th January 1806 Comowool and the Clatsops who visited us 
  yesterday left us in the morning. Those people the Chinnook and others 
  resideing in this neighbourhood and Speaking the Same language have been 
  very friendly to us; they appear to be a mild inoffensive people but will 
  pilfer if they have an oppertunity to do So when they Conceive themselves 
  not liable to detection. they are great higlers in trade and if they 
  Conceive you anxious to purchase will be a whole day bargaining for a hand 
  full of roots; this I Should have thought proceeded from their want of 
  Knowledge of the Comparitive value of articles of merchindize and the fear 
  of being Cheated, did I not find that they invariably refuse the price 
  first offered them and afterwards very frequently accept a Smaller 
  quantity of the Same article; in order to Satisfy myself on this point, I 
  once offered a Clatsop man my watch a knife, a Dollar of the Coin of U 
  State and hand full of beeds, for a Small Sea otter Skin, which I did not 
  much want, he immediately Conceived it of great value, and refused to Sell 
  unless I would give as maney more beads; the next day with a great deel of 
  importunity on his part we receved the Skin in exchange for a fiew Strans 
  of the Same beeds he had refused the day before. I therefore beleive this 
  treat in their Charector proceeds from an avericious all grasping 
  disposition. in this respect they differ from all Indians I ever became 
  acquainted with, for their dispositions invariably lead them to give what 
  ever they are possessed off no matter how usefull or valueable, for a 
  bauble which pleases their fancy, without Consulting its usefullness or 
  value. nothing occured to day, or more So, than our wappato being all 
  exhausted. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1120-1806-01-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday January 5th 1806. At 5 P#M# Willard and Wiser returned, they had 
  not been lost as we apprehended. they informed us that it was not untill 
  the fifth day after leaving the Fort that they could find a convenient 
  place for making salt; that they had at length established themselves on 
  the coast about 15 Miles S# W# from this, near the lodge of some Killamuck 
  families; that the Indians were very friendly and had given them a 
  considerable quantity of the blubber of a whale which perished on the 
  coast some distance S# E# of them; part of this blubber they brought with 
  them, it was white & not unlike the fat of Poark, tho the texture was 
  more spongey and somewhat coarser. I had a part of it cooked and found it 
  very pallitable and tender, it resembled the beaver or the dog in flavour. 
  it may appear somewhat extraordinary tho it is a fact that the flesh of 
  the beaver and dog possess a very great affinity in point of flavour. 
  These lads also informed us that J# Fields, Bratton and Gibson (the Salt 
  makers) had with their assistance erected a comfortable camp killed an Elk 
  and several deer and secured a good stock of meat; they commenced the 
  making of salt and found that they could obtain from 3 quarts to a gallon 
  a day; they brought with them a specemine of the salt of about a gallon, 
  we found it excellent, fine, strong, & white; this was a great treat 
  to myself and most of the party, having not had any since the 20th ultmo.; 
  I say most of the party, for my friend Capt# Clark declares it to be a 
  mear matter of indifference with him whether he uses it or not; for myself 
  I must confess I felt a considerable inconvenience from the want of it; 
  the want of bread I consider as trivial provided, I get fat meat, for as 
  to the species of meat I am not very particular, the flesh of the dog the 
  horse and the wolf, having from habit become equally formiliar with any 
  other, and I have learned to think that if the chord be sufficiently 
  strong, which binds the soul and boddy together, it dose not so much 
  matter about the materials which compose it. Colter also returned this 
  evening unsuccessfull from the chase, having been absent since the 1st 
  Inst. Capt# Clark determined this evening to set out early tomorrow 
  with two canoes and 12 men in quest of the whale, or at all events to 
  purchase from the Indians a parcel of the blubber, for this purpose he 
  prepared a small assortment of merchandize to take with him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1121-1806-01-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 5th of January 1806 At 5 p#m# Willard and Wiser returned, they had 
  not been lost as we expected. they informd us that it was not untill the 
  5th day after leaveing the fort, that they Could find a Convenient place 
  for makeing Salt; that they had at length established themselves on the 
  Sea Coast about 15 miles S# W# from this, near the houses of Some Clat Sop 
  & Kil a mox families; that the Indians were very friendly and had 
  given them a considerable quantity of the blubber of the whale which 
  perished on the Coast Some distance S# E# of them, it was white and not 
  unlike the fat of Pork, tho the texture was more Spungey and Somewhat 
  Coarser. we had part of it Cooked and found it very pallitable and tender, 
  it resembles the beaver in flavour. those men also informed us that the 
  Salt makers with their assistance had erected a Comfortable Camp, had 
  killed an Elk and Several Deer and Secured a good Stock of Meat; they 
  Commenced the makeing of Salt and found that they Could make from 3 quarts 
  to a gallon a day; they brought with them a Specimen of the Salt, of about 
  a gallon, we found it excellent white & fine, but not So Strong as the 
  rock Salt or that made in Kentucky or the Western parts of the U, States ¬ this 
  Salt was a great treat to most of the party, haveing not had any Since the 
  20th ulto# as to my Self I care but little whether I have any with my meat 
  or not; provided the meat fat, haveing from habit become entirely cearless 
  about my diat, and I have learned to think that if the Cord be 
  Sufficiently Strong which binds the Soul and boddy together, it does not 
  So much matter about the materials which Compose it. 
  = 
  Colter returned this evening unsecksessfull from the Chase, haveing been 
  absent since the 1st inst. 
  = 
  I determine to Set out early tomorrow with two canoes & 12 men in 
  quest of the whale, or at all events to purchase from the indians a parcel 
  of the blubber, for this purpose I made up a Small assortment of 
  merchindize, and directed the men to hold themselves in readiness &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1122-1806-01-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday January 6th 1806. Capt Clark set out after an early breakfast with 
  the party in two canoes as had been concerted the last evening; Charbono 
  and his Indian woman were also of the party; the Indian woman was very 
  impotunate to be permited to go, and was therefore indulged; she observed 
  that she had traveled a long way with us to see the great waters, and that 
  now that monstrous fish was also to be seen, she thought it very hard she 
  could not be permitted to see either (she had never yet been to the 
  Ocean). 
  = 
  The Clatsops, Chinnooks, Killamucks &c# are very loquacious and 
  inquisitive; they possess good memories and have repeated to us the names 
  capasities of the vessels &c of many traders and others who have 
  visited the mouth of this river; they are generally low in stature, 
  proportionably small, reather lighter complected and much more illy formed 
  than the Indians of the Missouri and those of our frontier; they are 
  generally cheerfull but never gay. with us their conversation generally 
  turns upon the subjects of trade, smoking, eating or their women; about 
  the latter they speak without reserve in their presents, of their every 
  part, and of the most formiliar connection. they do not hold the virtue of 
  their women in high estimation, and will even prostitute their wives and 
  daughters for a fishinghook or a stran of beads. in common with other 
  savage nations they make their women perform every species of domestic 
  drudgery. but in almost every species of this drudgery the men also 
  participate. their women are also compelled to geather roots, and assist 
  them in taking fish, which articles form much the greatest part of their 
  subsistance; notwithstanding the survile manner in which they treat their 
  women they pay much more rispect to their judgment and oppinions in many 
  rispects than most indian nations; their women are permitted to speak 
  freely before them, and sometimes appear to command with a tone of 
  authority; they generally consult them in their traffic and act in 
  conformity to their opinions. I think it may be established as a general 
  maxim that those nations treat their old people and women with most 
  differrence and rispect where they subsist principally on such articles 
  that these can participate with the men in obtaining them; and that, that 
  part of the community are treated with.least attention, when the act of 
  procuring subsistence devolves intirely on the men in the vigor of life. 
  It appears to me that nature has been much more deficient in her filial 
  tie than in any other of the strong affections of the human heart, and 
  therefore think, our old men equally with our women indebted to 
  civilization for their ease and comfort. Among the Siouxs, Assinniboins 
  and others on the Missouri who subsist by hunting it is a custom when a 
  person of either sex becomes so old and infurm that they are unable to 
  travel on foot from camp to camp as they rome in surch of subsistance, for 
  the children or near relations of such person to leave them without 
  compunction or remose; on those occasions they usually place within their 
  reach a small peace of meat and a platter of water, telling the poor old 
  superannuated wretch for his consolation, that he or she had lived long 
  enough, that it was time they should dye and go to their relations who can 
  afford to take care of them much better than they could. I am informed 
  that this custom prevails even among the Minetares Arwerharmays and 
  Recares when attended by their old people on their hunting excurtions; but 
  in justice to these people I must observe that it appeared to me at their 
  vilages, that they provided tolerably well for their aged persons, and 
  several of their feasts appear to have principally for their object a 
  contribution for their aged and infirm persons. 
  = 
  This day I overhalled our merchandize and dryed it by the fire, found it 
  all damp; we have not been able to keep anything dry for many days 
  together since we arrived in this neighbourhood, the humidity of the air 
  has been so excessively great. our merchandize is reduced to a mear 
  handfull, and our comfort during our return the next year much depends on 
  it, it is therefore almost unnecessary to add that we much regret the 
  reduced state of this fund. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1123-1806-01-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  2 3 4 5 & all Day 6t of January 1805 all last night rained without 
  intermition, & the morning. I sat out with 12 men in 2 Canoes to 
  around thro the bay and up a Creek to an old landing at which place the 
  Indians have a roade across thro Shashes West I landed made the Canoes 
  fast and Set out up the Cree on a road passed thro 3 Stashes to a pond, 
  then up & around th bend along a bad thick way, took an Indian path 
  which took us to a Creek which runs into the Sand bay at which place we 
  found a Canoe which took over 3 men at a time crossed and on the top of a 
  rise Saw Elk prosued & Killed one and encamped at the forks of a Creek 
  the West Eate th Elk all up. a fine Butifull moon Shining night unto 
   ¿¿ _, Swan Geese, Brand &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1124-1806-01-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 6th of January 1806 The last evening Shabono and his Indian woman 
  was very impatient to be permitted to go with me, and was therefore 
  indulged; She observed that She had traveled a long way with us to See the 
  great waters, and that now that monstrous fish was also to be Seen, She 
  thought it verry hard that She Could not be permitted to See either (She 
  had never yet been to the Ocian). after an early brackfast I Set out with 
  two Canoes down the Ne tel Rainto Meriwether Bay with a view to proced on 
  to the Clatsop town, and hire a guide to conduct me through the Creeks 
  which I had every reason to beleeve Comunicated both with the Bay and a 
  Small river near to which our men were making Salt. Soon after I arrived 
  in the Bay the wind Sprung up from the N# W and blew So hard and raised 
  the waves so high that we were obliged to put into a Small Creek Short of 
  the Village. finding I could not proceed on to the Village in Safty, I 
  deturmined to assend this Creek as high as the Canoes would go; which from 
  its directions must be near the open lands in which I had been on the 10th 
  ulto#, and leave the Canoes and proceed on by land. at the distance of 
  about 3 miles up this Creek I observed Some high open land, at which place 
  a road Set out and had every appearance of a portage, here I landed drew 
  up the Canoes and Set out by land, proceeded on through 3 deep Slashes to 
  a pond about a mile in length and 200 yards wide, kept up this pond 
  leaving it to the right, and passing the head to a Creek which we Could 
  not Cross, this Creek is the one which I rafted on the 8th & 9 ultimo. 
  and at no great distance from where I crossed in Cus ca lars Canoe on the 
  10th ulto# to which place I expected a find a canoe, we proceeded on and 
  found a Small Canoe at the place I expected, calculated to Carry 3 men, we 
  crossed and from the top of a ridge in the Prarie we Saw a large gange of 
  Elk feeding about 2 miles below on our direction. I divided the party So 
  as to be Certain of an elk, Several Shot were fired only one Elk fell, I 
  had this Elk butchered and carried to a Creak in advance at which place I 
  intended to encamp, two other Elk were badly Shot, but as it was nearly 
  dark we Could not pursue them, we proceeded on to the forks of the Creek 
  which we had just Crossed turning around to the S W# and meeting one of 
  equal Size from the South, the two makeing a little river 70 yards wide 
  which falls into the Ocian near the 3 Clat Sop houses which I visited on 
  the 9th ulto# in the forks of this Creek we found Some drift pine which 
  had been left on the Shore by the tide of which we made fires. the evening 
  a butifull Clear moon Shiney night, and the 1st fair night which we have 
  had for 2 months 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1125-1806-01-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday January 7th 1806. Last evening Drewyer visited his traps and caught 
  a beaver and an otter; the beaver was large and fat we have therefore 
  fared sumptuously today; this we consider a great prize for another 
  reason, it being a full grown beaver was well supplyed with the materials 
  for making bate with which to catch others. this bate when properly 
  prepared will intice the beaver to visit it as far as he can smell it, and 
  this I think may be safely stated at a mile, their sense of smelling being 
  very accute. To prepare beaver bate, the castor or bark stone is taken as 
  the base, this is gently pressed out of the bladderlike bag which contains 
  it, into a phiol of 4 ounces with a wide mouth; if you have them you will 
  put from four to six stone in a phiol of that capacity, to this you will 
  add half a nutmeg, a douzen or 15 grains of cloves and thirty grains of 
  cinimon finely pulverized, stir them well together and then add as much 
  ardent sperits to the composition as will reduce it the consistency 
  mustard prepared for the table; when thus prepared it resembles mustard 
  precisely to all appearance. when you cannot procure a phiol a bottle made 
  of horn or a tight earthen vessel will answer, in all cases it must be 
  excluded from the air or it will soon loose it's virtue; it is fit for uce 
  immediately it is prepared but becomes much stronger and better in about 
  four or five days and will keep for months provided it be perfectly 
  secluded from the air. when cloves are not to be had use double the 
  quantity of Allspice, and when no spice can be obtained use the bark of 
  the root of sausafras; when sperits cannot be had use oil stone of the 
  beaver adding mearly a sufficient quantity to moisten the other materials, 
  or reduce it to a stif past. it appears to me that the principal uce of 
  the spices is only to give a variety to the scent of the bark stone and if 
  so the mace vineller and other sweetsmelling spices might be employed with 
  equal advantage. The male beaver has six stones, two which contain a 
  substance much like finely pulvarized bark of a pale yellow colour and not 
  unlike tanner's ooz in smell, these are called the bark stones or castors; 
  two others, which like the bark stone resemble small bladders, contain a 
  pure oil of a strong rank disagreeable smell, and not unlike train oil, 
  these are called the oil stones; and 2 others of generation. the 
  Barkstones are about two inches in length, the others somewhat smaller all 
  are of a long oval form; and lye in a bunch together between the skin and 
  the root of the tail, beneath or behind the fundament with which they are 
  closely connected and seem to communicate. the pride of the female lyes on 
  the inner side much like those of the hog. they have no further parts of 
  generation that I can perceive and therefore beleive that like the birds 
  they copulate with the extremity of the gut. The female have from two to 
  four young ones at a birth and bring fourth once a year only, which 
  usually happens about the latter end of may and begining of June. at this 
  stage she is said to drive the male from the lodge, who would otherwise 
  destroy the young. dryed our lodge and had it put away under 
  shelter; this is the first day during which we have had no rain since we 
  arrived at this place. nothing extraordinary happened today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1126-1806-01-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Jany 7th Tuesday 1806 Set out at Day light, porceded up the Creek about 2 
  mile and crossed on a tree trunk the Salt makers have fallen across, then 
  proceeded on to the Ocean 3/4 mile & proceded up 3 miles to the mouth 
  of Colimex River about 80 or 100 yds wide verry rapid & Cuts its 
  banks, here we found an old Village of 3 houses, one only inhabited by one 
  familey, I gave the man a fish hook to put the party across, on the bank 
  found a Skeet fish which had been lef by the tide proceded on 2 miles on 
  the bank opposit a kind of bay the river Cross to the Sea Cost to 2 Inds 
  Indians Lodges at which place I found our Salt makers near the foot of a 
  mountain which form the Shore. Brackfast and hirired an Indian to pilot me 
  to the Ca le mix nation where the whale is for which I gave a file, we 
  proceded on the Stone under a high hill on our right bluff. Soft Stone 
  Sees verry high, Several parts of this hill recently Sliped in, about 3/4 
  of a mile abov the Houses Saw a Canoe in which the Dead was buried at 21/2 
  miles assended a Steep mountain, as Steep at it is possible places for 
  1500 feet we hauled our Selves up by the assistence of the bushes if one 
  had Given way we must have fallen a great distant the Steepest worst & 
  highest mountain I ever assended I think it at least 1500 feet highr than 
  the Sea imidiately under on the riht. we met 14 Indians loaded with 
  blubber proceded on thro an unusual bad way falling timber bendig under 
  logs &c# and encamped on a Creek which runs to my left find Day and 
  night, the timber Spruc White Cedar & &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1127-1806-01-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 7th of January 1806 Some frost this morning. It may appear 
  Somewhat incrediable, but So it is that the Elk which was killed last 
  evening was eaten except about 8 pounds, which I directed to be taken 
  along with the Skin, I proceded up the South fork of the Creek about 2 
  miles and crossed on a pine tree which had been fallen by the Saltmakers 
  on their first going out, on this tree we crossed the deepest of the water 
  and waded on the opposit Side for 30 yards, from thence to the ocian 3/4 
  of a mile through a Continuation of open ridgey Prarie, here the Coast is 
  Sandy, we proceeded on the Sandy beech nearly South for 3 miles to the 
  mouth of butifull river with bold and rapid Current of 85 yards wide and 3 
  feet deep in the Shallowest place, a Short distance up this river on the N 
  E Side is the remains of an old village of Clatsops. I entered a house 
  where I found a Man 2 Womn & 3 Children, they appeared retchedly pore 
  & dirty, I hired the man to Set us across the River which I call after 
  the Nation Clat Sop river for which I gave 2 fishing hooks ¬ at this 
  place the Creek over which I crossed on a tree passes within 100 yards of 
  the Clat Sop river over which the nativs have a portage which affords them 
  an easy Communication with the villages near point adams, and at the mouth 
  of the Creek, on which we lay last night. in walking on the Sand after 
  crossing the river I Saw a Singular Species of fish which I had never 
  before Seen one of the men Call this fish a Skaite, it is properly a 
  Thornback. I proceeded on about 2 miles to near the base of high Mountain 
  where I found our Salt makers, and with them Sergt# Gass, Geo. Shannon was 
  out in the woods assisting Jo Field and gibson to kill Some meat, the Salt 
  makers had made a neet Close Camp, Convenient to wood Salt water and the 
  fresh water of the Clat Sop river which at this place was within 100 paces 
  of the Ocian they wer also Situated near 4 houses of Clatsops & 
  Killamox, who they informed me had been verry kind and attentive to them. 
  I hired a young Indian to pilot me to the whale for which Service I gave 
  him a file in hand and promised Several other Small articles on my return, 
  left Sergt# Gass and one man of my party Werner to make Salt & 
  permited Bratten to accompany me, we proceeded on the round Slipery Stones 
  under a high hill which projected into the ocian about 4 miles further 
  than the direction of the Coast. after walking for 21/2 miles on the 
  Stones my guide made a Sudin halt, pointed to the top of the mountain and 
  uttered the word Pe Shack which means bad, and made Signs that we could 
  not proceed any further on the rocks, but must pass over that mountain, I 
  hesitated a moment & view this emence mountain the top of which was 
  obscured in the clouds, and the assent appeard. to be almost 
  perpindecular; as the Small Indian parth allong which they had brought 
  emence loads but a fiew hours before, led up this mountain and appeared to 
  assend in a Sideling direction, I thought more than probable that the 
  assent might be torerably easy and therefore proceeded on, I soon found 
  that the  ¿¿  become much worst as I assended, and at one place we were 
  obliged to Support and draw our Selves up by the bushes & roots for 
  near 100 feet, and after about 2 hours labour and fatigue we reached the 
  top of this high mountain, from the top of which I looked down with 
  estonishment to behold the hight which we had assended, which appeared to 
  be 10 or 12 hundred feet up a mountain which appeared to be almost 
  perpindicular, here we met 14 Indians men and women loaded with the oil 
  & Blubber of the whale. In the face of this tremendeous precipic 
  imediately below us, there is a Strater of white earth (which my guide 
  informed me) the neighbouring indians use to paint themselves, and which 
  appears to me to resemble the earth of which the French Porcelain is made; 
  I am confident that this earth Contains argill, but whether it also 
  Contains Silex or magnesia, or either of those earths in a proper 
  perpotion I am unable to deturmine. we left the top of the precipice and 
  proceeded on a bad road and encamped on a Small run passin g to the left. 
  all much fatiagued 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1128-1806-01-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday January 8th 1806. Our meat is begining to become scarse; sent 
  Drewyer and Collins to hunt this morning. the guard duty being hard on the 
  men who now remain in the fort I have for their relief since the departure 
  of Capt# Clark made the Cooks mount guard. Sergt# Gass and Shannon have 
  not yet returned, nor can I immajen what is the cause of their detention. 
  In consequence of the clouds this evening I lost my P#M# observation for 
  Equal Altitudes, and from the same cause have not been able to take a 
  single observation since we have been at this place. nothing extraordinary 
  happened today. 
  = 
  The Clatsops Chinnooks and others inhabiting the coast and country in this 
  neighbourhood, are excessively fond of smoking tobacco. in the act of 
  smoking they appear to swallow it as they dran it from the pipe, and for 
  many draughts together you will not perceive the smoke which they take 
  from the pipe; in the same manner also they inhale it in their lungs 
  untill they become surcharged with this vapour when they puff it out to a 
  great distance through their nostils and mouth; I have no doubt the smoke 
  of the tobacco in this manner becomes much more intoxicating and that they 
  do possess themselves of all it's virtues in their fullest extent; they 
  freequently give us sounding proofs of it's creating a dismorallity of 
  order in the abdomen, nor are those light matters thought indelicate in 
  either sex, but all take the liberty of obeying the dictates of nature 
  without reserve. these people do not appear to know the uce of sperituous 
  liquors, they never having once asked us for it; I presume therefore that 
  the traders who visit them have never indulged them with the uce of it; 
  from what ever cause this may proceede, it is a very fortunate occurrence, 
  as well for the natives themselves, as for the quiet and safety of thos 
  whites who visit them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1129-1806-01-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Jany 8 Wedned Set out at Day a fine morning wind hard from S# E at 11/2 
  miles arived at a Open where I had a view of the Seas Coast for a long 
  Distance rocks in every direction. Struck a branch and come down to the 
  Sea at which place an old village between 2 Creeks of the Colemix Nation 
  which inhabits this Coast, grave yard deposed of in Canoes in which the 
  bodies are laid in boxes in the Canoe, Paddles &c thos poople must use 
  thos Canoes in the higher Seas of which then ever I Saw on a Cost ruding 
  Countrey Crossed 3 points rocks great Distanc in the Sea, hill Sides 
  Sliping from emins ravins which appears to  ¿¿ _ proceeded on to the mouth 
  of a Creek about 80 yards wide at which Place I saw 5 Lodges of Indian of 
  the Ca la mix nation, boiling whale in a trough of about 20 gallons with 
  hot Stones, and the oyle they put into a Canoe I proceded on a Short 
  distance to the whales which was nothing more than the Sceleton, of 105 
  feet long, we took out a few bones and returned to the Cabins at the mouth 
  of the Creek, and attempted to trade with thos people who I found Close 
  and Capricious, would not trade the Smallest piece except they thought 
  they got an advantage of the bargain, their disposition is averitious, 
  & independant in trade, they offered to trade for Elk of which we had 
  not I purchased some oile and about 120 w of Blubber after rendered, 
  finding they would not trade I Deturmined to return home with what we have 
  The Houses of these people appear temporary a ridge pole on 2 forks 
  Supported a Certain number of Split boards of the red Cedar & pine, 
  Set on the end the gable ends of the Same materials and Calculated for 2 
  families first, The Dress and appearenc of the nativs as also the language 
  is procisely that of the Clopsots & Chinnooks, those people Save their 
  oile in bladder Guts &c# 
  = 
  Their food is principally fish that is thrown on the Shores by the Seas 
  & left by the tide, This Cost is rockey, the mountains high & 
  rugged, They inform me that their nation lives in 5 villages to the S E of 
  this place at the mouths of Creek in which they catch Samn. in the Season, 
  I got of those people a few roots Some Sturgeon whale ¬  ¿¿  &#. They 
  Call a whale E cu~la a Creek Shu man, they have Some fiew Sea ortter for 
  which they ask Such prices I could not purchase any of them 
  = 
  Th party much fatigued in crossing 1 mountain & 4 high Points Steep 
  & Slipery, also Stony Beach Slippery and tiresom The high tide obliged 
  me to delay untill late before the tide put out, I Shot a raven & a 
  gul with my Small riffle which Suppised these people a little They are 
  fond of blue & white large beed only, files & fish Hooks which are 
  large ¬  after Diner we Set out Crossed the Creek in a Small Canoe The tide 
  out and Encamped on the opposit Side, I was asked for ferrage and paid a 
  pin, one hut on the Side in which I Camped & Village a Short distance 
  above which I did not See last night, all the men came over & Smoked 
  with me, about bed time I herd a hollowing on the opposit Side of the 
  river which allarnied all the Indian men about me, they run across the 
  Creek, I Suspected perhaps Some of my party was over after the Squars, by 
  exemening found that McNeal was not in Camp, my guide who Staid with me 
  told me Some body throat was Cut. I emediately Sent Serjt Pryor & 2 
  men across for McNeal, they Soon returned haveing met the person I was 
  anxious to find out the Cause of the allarm, McNeal Said that a man 
  envited him to go across and get Some fish, locked arms of which he Contd 
  to hold he took him into a lodge and the woman gave him a Small piec the 
  man then invited him to another, the woman of the lodge puled his blanket, 
  & Sent out a Squar to hollow across, to inform of Something which aid. 
  McNeal I Sent over Sergt# Pryor to Know the Cause of the allarm which he 
  was informed that a Plot was laid to kill McNeal for his Blanket & 
  Clothes by this Indian who was from another Villg at Some distance, and 
  that She had attempted to Stop McNeal & findeing She Could not that 
  She then allarmed the men, Several of the mans Band was with me who 
  imedeately Cleared out, 2 men Came over & Slept at my feet. I kept a 
  guard & Sentinel all night a fair night wind blew from S# E# during 
  the evening I acquired all the information possiable respecting the Coast 
  to the S# E# got the name of many nations & the Nos# of their houses, 
  a map of the Coast in their way. I am very pore & weak for want of 
  Sufficient food and fear much that I shall require more assistance to get 
  back than I had to get to this place. a deturmined purcistance will as it 
  has done carry me through 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1130-1806-01-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 8th January 1805 The last night proved fair and Cold wind hard 
  from the S# E# we Set out early and proceeded to the top of the mountain 
  next to the which is much the highest part and that part faceing the Sea 
  is open, from this point I beheld the grandest and most pleasing prospects 
  which my eyes ever surveyed, in my frount a boundless Ocean; to the N# and 
  N# E# the coast as as far as my sight Could be extended, the Seas rageing 
  with emence wave and brakeing with great force from the rocks of Cape 
  Disapointment as far as I could See to the N# W# The Clatsops Chinnooks 
  and other villagers on each Side of the Columbia river and in the Praries 
  below me, the meanderings of 3 handsom Streams heading in Small lakes at 
  the foot the high Country; The Columbia River for a Some distance up, with 
  its Bays and Small rivers and on the other Side I have a view of the Coast 
  for an emence distance to the S# E# by S# the nitches and points of high 
  land which forms this Corse for a long ways aded to the inoumerable rocks 
  of emence Sise out at a great distance from the Shore and against which 
  the Seas brak with great force gives this Coast a most romantic 
  appearance. from this point of View my guide pointed to a village at the 
  mouth of a Small river near which place he Said the whale was, he also 
  pointed to 4 other places where the princpal Villages of the Kil la mox 
  were Situated, I could plainly See the houses of 2 of those Villeges & 
  the Smoke of a 3rd which was two far of for me to disern with my naked eye ¬ after 
  taking the Courses and computed the Distances in my own mind, I proceeded 
  on down a Steep decent to a Single house the remains of an old Kil a mox 
  Town in a nitch imediately on the Sea Coast, at which place great no# of 
  eregular rocks are out and the waves comes in with great force. Near this 
  old Town I observed large Canoes of the neetest kind on the ground Some of 
  which appeared nearly decayed others quit Sound, I examoned those Canoes 
  and found they were the repository of the dead ¬ This Custom of 
  Secureing the Dead differs a little from the Chinnooks. the Kil a mox 
  Secure the dead bodies in an oblong box of Plank, which is placed in an 
  open Canoe resting on the ground, in which is put a paddle and Sundery 
  other articles the property of the disceased. The Coast in the 
  neighbourhood of this old village is slipping from the Sides of the high 
  hills, in emence masses; fifty or a hundred acres at a time give way and a 
  great proportion of an instant precipitated into the Ocean. those hills 
  and mountains are principally composed of a yellow Clay; their Slipping 
  off or Spliting assunder at this time is no doubt Caused by the incessant 
  rains which has fallen within the last two months. the mountans Covered 
  with a verry heavy Croth of pine & furr, also the white Cedar or arbor 
  vita and a Small proportion of the black alder, this alder grows to the 
  hight of Sixty or Seventy feet and from 2 to 3 feet in diamiter. Some 
  Species of pine on the top of the Point of View rise to the emmence hight 
  of 210 feet and from 8 to 12 feet in diameter, and are perfectly Sound and 
  Solid. Wind hard from the S# E and See looked  ¿¿  in the after part of 
  the Day breaking with great force against the Scattering rocks at Some 
  distance from Shore, and the ruged rockey points under which we wer 
  obleged to pass and if we had unfortunately made one false Stet we Should 
  eneviateably have fallen into the Sea and dashed against the rocks in an 
  instant, fortunately we passed over 3 of those dismal points and arived on 
  a butifull Sand Shore on which we Continued for 2 miles, Crossed a Creek 
  80 yards near 5 Cabins, and proceeded to the place the whale had perished, 
  found only the Skelleton of this monster on the Sand between 2 of the 
  villages of the Kil a mox nation; the Whale was already pillaged of every 
  valuable part by the Kil a mox Inds# in the vecinity of whose village's it 
  lay on the Strand where the waves and tide had driven up & left it. 
  this Skeleton measured 105 feet. I returned to the village of 5 Cabins on 
  the Creek which I shall call E co~la or whale Creek, found the nativs 
  busily engaged boiling the blubber, which they performed in a large Squar 
  wooden trought by means of hot Stones; the oil when extracted was Secured 
  in bladders and the Guts of the whale; the blubber from which the oil was 
  only partially extracted by this process, was laid by in their Cabins in 
  large flickes for use; those flickes they usially expose to the fire on a 
  wooden Spit untill it is prutty well wormed through and then eate it 
  either alone or with roots of the rush, Shaw na tdk we or diped in the 
  oil. The Kil a mox although they possessed large quantities of this 
  blubber and oil were so prenurious that they disposed of it with great 
  reluctiance and in Small quantities only; insomuch that my utmost exertion 
  aided by the party with the Small Stock of merchindize I had taken with me 
  were not able to precure more blubber than about 300 wt. and a fiew 
  gallons of oil; Small as this Stock is I prise it highly; and thank 
  providence for directing the whale to us; and think him much more kind to 
  us than he was to jonah, having Sent this monster to be Swallowed by us in 
  Sted of Swallowing of us as jonah's did. I recrossed E co la Creek and 
  Encamped on the bank at which place we observed an ebundance of fine wood 
  the Indian men followed me for the purpose of Smokeing. I enquired of 
  those people as well as I could by Signs the Situation, mode of liveing 
  & Strength of their nation They informed me that the bulk of their 
  nation lived in 3 large villages Still further along the Sea coast to the 
  S, S, W# at the enterence Of 3 Creek which fell into a bay, and that other 
  houses were Scattered about on the Coast, Bay and on a Small river which 
  fell into the Bay in which they Cought Salmon, and from this Creek (which 
  I call Kil a mox River) they crossed over to the Wappato I# on the 
  Shock~ah~lil com (which is the Indian name for the Columbia river) and 
  purchased Wappato &c# that the nation was once verry large and that 
  they had a great maney houses, In Salmon Season they Cought great numbers 
  of that fish in the Small Creeks, when the Salmon was Scerce they found 
  Sturgion and a variety of other fish thrown up by the waves and left by 
  the tide which was verry fine, Elk was plenty in the mountains, but they 
  Could not Kill maney of them with their arrows. The Kil d mox in their 
  habits Customs manners dress & language differ but little from the 
  Clatsops, Chinnooks and others in this neighbourhood are of the Same form 
  of those of the Clatsops with a Dore at each end & two fire places i, 
  e the house is double as long as wide and divided into 2 equal parts with 
  a post in the middle Supporting the ridge pole, and in the middle of each 
  of those divisions they make their fires, dotes Small & houses Sunk 5 
  feet 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1131-1806-01-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday January 9th 1806. Our men are now very much engaged in dressing Elk 
  and Deer skins for mockersons and cloathing. the deer are extreemly scarce 
  in this neighbourhood, some are to be found near the praries and open 
  grounds along the coast. this evening we heard seven guns in quick 
  succession after each other, they appeared to be on the Creek to the South 
  of us and several miles distant; I expect that the hunters Drewyer and 
  Collins have fallen in with a gang of Elk. some marrow bones and a little 
  fresh meat would be exceptable; I have been living for two days past on 
  poor dryed Elk, or jurk as the hunters term it. 
  = 
  The Clatsops Chinnooks &c# bury their dead in their canoes. for this 
  purpose four pieces of split timber are set erect on end, and sunk a few 
  feet in the grown, each brace having their flat sides opposite to each 
  other and sufficiently far assunder to admit the width of the canoes in 
  which the dead are to be deposited; through each of these perpendicular 
  posts, at the hight of six feet a mortice is cut, through which two bars 
  of wood are incerted; on these cross bars a small canoe is placed in which 
  the body is laid after being carefully roled in a robe of some dressed 
  skins; a paddle is also deposited with them; a larger canoe is now 
  reversed, overlaying and imbracing the small one, and resting with it's 
  gunwals on the cross bars; one or more large mats of rushes or flags are 
  then roled around the canoes and the whole securely lashed with a long 
  cord, usually made of the bark of the Arbor vita or white cedar. on the 
  cross bars which support the canoes is frequently hung or laid various 
  articles of cloathing culinary eutensels &c# I cannot understand them 
  sufficiently to make any enquiries relitive to their religeous opinions, 
  but presume from their depositing various articles with their dead, that 
  they believe in a state of future existence. 
  = 
  The persons who usually visit the entrance of this river for the purpose 
  of traffic or hunting I believe are either English or Americans; the 
  Indians inform us that they speak the same language with ourselves, and 
  give us proofs of their varacity by repeating many words of English, as 
  musquit, powder, shot, nife, file, damned rascal, sun of a bitch &c# 
  whether these traders are from Nootka sound, from some other late 
  establishment on this coast, or immediately from the U States or Great 
  Brittain, I am at a loss to determine, nor can the Indians inform us. the 
  Indians whom I have asked in what direction the traders go when they 
  depart from hence, or arrive here, always point to the S# W# from which it 
  is presumeable that Nootka cannot be their destination; and as from Indian 
  information a majority of these traders annually visit them about the 
  beginning of April and remain with them six or seven Months, they cannot 
  come immediately from Great Britain or the U States, the distance being 
  too great for them to go and return in the ballance of the year. from this 
  circumstance I am sometimes induced to believe that there is some other 
  establishment on the coast of America south West of this place of which 
  little is but yet known to the world, or it may be perhaps on some Island 
  in the pacific ocean between the Continents of Asia and America to the 
  South West of us. This traffic on the part of the whites consists in 
  vending, guns, (principally old british or American musquits) powder, 
  balls and Shot, Copper and brass kettles, brass teakettles and coffee 
  pots, blankets from two to three point, scarlet and blue Cloth (coarse), 
  plates and strips of sheet copper and brass, large brass wire, knives, 
  beads and tobacco with fishinghooks buttons and some other small articles; 
  also a considerable quantity of Sailor's cloaths, as hats coats, trowsers 
  and shirts. for these they receive in return from the natives, dressed and 
  undressed Elkskins, skins of the sea Otter, common Otter, beaver, common 
  fox, spuck, and tiger cat; also dryed and pounded sammon in baskets, and a 
  kind of buisquit, which the natives make of roots called by them 
  shappelell. The natives are extravegantly fond of the most common cheap 
  blue and white beads, of moderate size, or such that from 50 to 70 will 
  weigh one penneyweight. the blue is usually pefered to the white; these 
  beads constitute the principal circulating medium with all the indian 
  tribes on this river; for these beads they will dispose any article they 
  possess. the beads are strung on strans of a fathom in length and in 
  that manner sold by the bredth or yard. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1132-1806-01-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  January 9th Thursday 1806 a fine morning wind N E Set out at day lighte 
  every man Some meat of the whale and a little oile proceded on the track 
  we Came out to a house at a branch where we halted 1/2 an hour to rest 
  this house is at at place an old village has formerly been, on the Coast 
  at the Comencment  ¿¿  27 foot wide 35 feet long Sunk in the ground 5 feet 
  2 Dotes & 2 fire places dotes 29 Ins. high & 141/4 wide handsom 
  Steps to decend down a post in the middle Coverede with boards Split thin 
  an 2 feet wide, old grave in Canoes of 3 feet 8 Inches wide & 5 feet 
  long neetly made high at bow proceded on to the top of the hill Passing 3 
  bad points rockey &# from the Point Clarks Point of view Cape Disapt# 
  bears S# 12° E passing a Great point at 15 miles one at 40 miles rocks out 
  to the 1st large point from the Creek 4 points, between the 1st large 
  Point and 2d a point of many large rocks, Day Clouded up, I can See a 
  point Bearing N 5° East along way just in Sight. from Clarks View Point to 
  Cape Disapointment is N 20° W# To point adams &the open Slope point is 
  North and a Sharp point, met a party of Chinnooks going to get whale 
  blubber to eate & oile each of which they eate together, we also over 
  took Several parties of the Clot Sops loaded with imence laods of the 
  blubber and oile maney of those loads I with difficuelty raised, 
  Estonishing what custom will do. at 2 oClock we arrived at the Camp of our 
  Salt makers verry much fatigued, more So than I ever was before, the 
  Indians all proceeded on, I concluded to Stay all night, as the party was 
  much fatigued, and Send out 2 men which I had left here to hunt Ducks up 
  the little river, Jo# Fields had killed an Elk and brought in a quarter on 
  which we Dined he also had killed & brought in a Deer. The Indians 
  with the oile & bluber tole me they had to purchase of the Ca~le nixx 
  and would Come to the fort & Sell to us in 3 Days time, this I 
  incouraged, as I expect to purchase at the fort as cheep as at the village 
  at which I was, day proved fine. rained the greater part of the night I 
  went into an Indian Lodge they were pore Durty and the house full of 
  flees. he offered me roots which they geather on the Sea Cost a kind of 
  rush, of which they offered me to eate, 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1133-1806-01-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 9th of January 1806 a fine morning wind from the N# E# last night 
  about 10 oClock while Smokeing with the nativ's I was alarmed by a loud 
  Srile voice from the Cabins on the opposite Side, the Indians all run 
  immediately across to the village, my guide who Continued with me made 
  Signs that Some one's throat was Cut, by enquiry I found that one man 
  McNeal was absent, I imediately Sent off Sergt# N# Pryor & 4 men in 
  quest of McNeal who they met comeing across the Creak in great hast, and 
  informed me that the people were alarmed on the opposit Side at Something 
  but what he could not tell, a man had verry friendly envited him to go and 
  eate in his lodge, that the Indian had locked armes with him and went to a 
  lodge in which a woman gave him Some blubber, that the man envited him to 
  another lodge to get Something better, and the woman held him by the 
  blanket which he had around him another ran out and hollow'd and his 
  pretended friend disapeared ¬ I emediately ordered every man to hold 
  themselves in a State of rediness and Sent Sergt# Pryor & 4 men to 
  know the cause of the alarm which was found to be a premeditated plan of 
  the pretended friend of McNeal to assanate for his Blanket and what fiew 
  articles he had about him, which was found out by a Chin nook woman who 
  allarmed the men of the village who were with me in time to prevent the 
  horred act# this man was of another band at Some distance and ran off as 
  Soon as he was discovered. we have now to look back and Shudder at the 
  dreadfull road on which we have to return of 45 miles S E of Point adams 
  & 35 miles from Fort Clatsop. I had the blubber & oil divided 
  among the party and Set out about Sunrise and returned by the Same rout we 
  had went out, met Several parties of men & womin of the Chinnook and 
  Clatsops nations, on their way to trade with the Kil a mox for blubber and 
  oil; on the Steep decent of the Mountain I overtook five men and Six womin 
  with emence loads of the Oil and blubber of the Whale, those Indians had 
  passed by Some rout by which we missed them as we went out yesterday; one 
  of the women in the act of getting down a Steep part of the mountain her 
  load by Some means had Sliped off her back, and She was holding the load 
  by a Strap which was fastened to the mat bag in which it was in, in one 
  hand and holding a bush by the other, as I was in front of my party, I 
  endeavored to relieve this woman by takeing her load untill She Could get 
  to a better place a little below, & to my estonishment found the load 
  as much as I Could lift and must exceed 100 wt. the husband of this woman 
  who was below Soon came to her releif, those people proceeded on with us 
  to the Salt works, at which place we arrived late in the evening, found 
  them without meat, and 3 of the Party J# Field Gibson & Shannon out 
  hunting. as I was excessively fatigued and my party appeared verry much 
  so, I deturmined to Stay untill the morning and rest our Selves a little. 
  The Clatsops proceeded on with their lodes ¬ The Clatsops, Chin nooks 
  Kil a mox &c# are verry loquacious and inquisitive; they possess good 
  memories and have repeeted to us the names capasities of the Vessels &c 
  of maney traders and others who have visited the mouth of this river; they 
  are generally low in Statue, proportionably Small, reather lighter 
  complected and much more illy formed than the Indians of the Missouri and 
  those of our fronteers; they are generally Chearfull but never gay. with 
  us their Conversation generally turns upon the subject of trade, Smokeing, 
  eating or their womin; about the latter, they Speak without reserve in 
  their presence, of their every part, and of the most farmiliar Connection. 
  they do not hold the virtue of their womin in high estimation, and will 
  even prostitute their wives and Daughters for a fishing hook or a Stran of 
  beeds. in Common with other Savage nations they make their womin perform 
  every Species of domestic drugery; but in almost every Species of this 
  drugery the men also participate. their woman are compelled to gather 
  roots, and assist them in takeing fish; which articles form much the 
  greater part of their Subsistance; notwithstanding the Survile manner in 
  which they treat their womin they pay much more respect to their judgement 
  and oppinion in maney respects than most indian nations; their womin are 
  permited to Speak freely before them, and Sometimes appear to command with 
  a tone of authority; they generally consult them in their traffic and act 
  conformably to their opinions. 
  = 
  I think it may be established as a general maxim that those nations treat 
  their old people and women with most defference and respect where they 
  Subsist principally on Such articles that these can participate with the 
  men in obtaining them; and that, that part of the Community are treated 
  with least attention, when the act of precureing subsistance devolves 
  intirely on the men in the vigor of life. It appears to me that nature has 
  been much more deficient in her filial ties than in any others of the 
  Strong effections of the humane heart, and therefore think our old men 
  equally with our woman indebted to Sivilization for their ease and 
  Comfort. I am told among the Sioux's, Assinniboins and others on the 
  Missouri who Subsist by hunting it is a Custom when a person of either Sex 
  becoms So old and infirm that they are unable to travel on foot, from Camp 
  to Camp as they rove in serch of Subsistance, for the Children or near 
  relations of Such person to leave them without Compunction or remorse; on 
  those occasions they usially place within their reach a Small piece of 
  meat and a platter of water, telling the poor old Superannuated retch for 
  their Consolation, that he or She had lived long enough, and that it was 
  time they Should die and go to their relations who Can afford to take Care 
  of them, much better than they Could. I am informed that the Me ne tar es 
  Ar war har mays and Ricares when attended by their old people on their 
  hunting expedition prosued the Same Custom; but injustice to those people 
  I must observe that it appeared to me at their villages, that they 
  provided tolerably well for their aged persons, and Several of their 
  feasts appear to have principally for their object a contribution for 
  their aged and infirm persons. In one of the Mandan villages I Saw an old 
  man to whome I gave a knife and enquired his age, he Said he had Seen more 
  than 100 winters, and that he Should Soon go down the river to their old 
  village ¬ he requested I would give him Something to prevent the pain 
  in his back his grand Son a Young man rebuked the old man and Said it was 
  not worth while, that it was time for the old man to die. the old man 
  occupied one Side of the fire and was furnished with plenty of Covouring 
  and food, and every attention appeared to be paid him &c# Jo# Field in 
  my absence had killed an Elk and a Deer, brought in the Deer and half of 
  the Elk on a part of which we Suped, Some rain a little after dark. I 
  visited a house near the Salt boilers found it inhabited by 2 families, 
  they were pore dirty and their house Sworming with flees. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1134-1806-01-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 10th 1806. About 10 A#M# I was visited by Tia 
  Shah~har~war~cap and eleven of his nation in one large canoe; these are 
  the Cuth'~lah~mah nation who reside first above us on the South side of 
  the Columbia river; this is the first time that I have seen the Chief, he 
  was hunting when we past his vilage on our way to this place. I gave him a 
  medal of the smallest size; he presented me with some indian tobacco and a 
  basquit of wappetoe, in return for which I gave him some thread for making 
  a skiming net and a small piece of tobacco. these people speak the same 
  language with the Chinnooks and Catsops whom they also resemble in their 
  dress customs manners &c# they brought some dryed salmon, wappetoe, 
  dogs, and mats made of rushes and flags, to barter; their dogs and a part 
  of their wappetoe they disposed off, an remained all night near the fort. 
  This morning Drewyer and Collins returned having killed two Elk only, and 
  one of those had died in their view over a small lake which they had not 
  the means of passing it being late in the evening and has of course 
  spoiled, as it laid with the entrals in it all night; as the tide was 
  going out we could not send for the elk today, therefore ordered a party 
  to go for it early in the morning and George and Collins to continue their 
  hunt; meat has now become scarce with us. 
  = 
  Capt Clark returned at to P#M# this evening with the majority of the party 
  who accompanyed him; having left some men to assist the saltmakers to 
  bring in the meat of two Elk which they had killed, and sent 2 others 
  through by land to hunt. Capt# Clark found the whale on the Coast about 45 
  Miles S# E# of Point Adams, and about 35 Miles from Fort Clatsop by the 
  rout he took; The whale was already pillaged of every valuable part by the 
  Killamucks, in the vicinity of one of whose villages it lay on the strand 
  where the waves and tide had driven up and left it. this skelleton 
  measured one hundred and five feet. Capt# C# found the natives busily 
  engaged in boiling the blubber, which they performed in a large wooden 
  trought by means of hot stones; the oil when extracted was secured in 
  bladders and the guts of the whale; the blubber, from which the oil was 
  only partially extracted by this process, was laid by in their lodges in 
  large fliches for uce; this they usually expose to the fire on a wooden 
  spit untill it is pretty well warmed through and then eat it either alone 
  or with the roots of the rush, squawmash, fern wappetoe &c# The 
  natives although they possessed large quantities of this blubber and oil 
  were so penurious that they disposed of it with great reluctance and in 
  small quantities only; insomuch that the utmost exertions of Capt# C# and 
  the whole party aided by the little stock of merchandize he had taken with 
  him and some small articles which the men had, were not able to procure 
  more blubber than about 300 lb# and a few gallons of the oil; this they 
  have brought with them, and small as the store is, we prize it highly, and 
  thank providence for directing the whale to us, and think him much more 
  kind to us than he was jonah, having sent this monster to be swallowed by 
  us in stead of swallowing of us as jona's did. Capt# C# found the road 
  along the coast extreemly difficult of axcess, lying over some high rough 
  and stoney hills, one of which he discribes as being much higher than the 
  others, having it's base washed by the Ocean over which it rares it's 
  towering summit perpendicularly to the hight of 1500 feet; from this 
  summit Capt# C# informed me that there was a delightfull and most 
  extensive view of the Ocean, the coast and adjacent country; this Mout. I 
  have taken the liberty of naming Clark's Mountain and point of view; it is 
  situated about 30 M# S# E# of Point Adams and projects about 21/2 miles 
  into the Ocean; Killamucks river falls in a little to the N# W# of this 
  mountain; in the face of this tremendious precepice there is a stra of 
  white earth (see specimen No#  ¿¿) which the neighbouring Indians use to 
  paint themselves, and which appears to me to resemble the earth of which 
  the French Porcelain is made; I am confident this earth contains Argill, 
  but wether it also contains Silex or magnesia, or either of those earths 
  in a proper proportion I am unable to determine. Shannon and Gass 
  were found with the Salt makers and ordered to return McNeal was near 
  being assassinated by a Killamuck Indian, but fortunately escaped in 
  consequence of a Chinnook woman giving information to Capt# C#, the party 
  and Indians with them before the villain had prepaired himself to execute 
  his purposes. The party returned excessively fortiegued and tired of their 
  jaunt. Killamucks river is 85 yards wide, rappid and 3 feet deep in the 
  shallowest part. The Killamucks in their habits customs manners dress and 
  language differ but little from the Clatsops & Chinnooks. they place 
  their dead in canoes resting on the ground uncovered, having previously 
  secured the dead bodies in an oblong box of plank. 
  = 
  The coast in the neighbourhood of Clarks Mountain is sliping off & 
  falling into the Ocean in immence masses; fifty or a hundred Acres at a 
  time give way and a great proportion in an instant precipitated into the 
  Ocean. these hills and mountains are principally composed of a yellow 
  clay; there sliping off or spliting assunder at this time is no doubt 
  caused by the incessant rains which have fallen within the last two 
  months. the country in general as about Fort Clatsop is covered with a 
  very heavy growth of several species of pine & furr, also the arbor 
  vita or white cedar and a small proportion of the black Alder which last 
  sometimes grows to the hight of sixty or seventy feet, and from two to 
  four feet in diameter. some species of the pine rise to the immence hight 
  of 210 feet and are from 7 to 12 feet in diameter, and are perfectly sound 
  and solid. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1135-1806-01-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Jany 10 Friday 1806 I left Sergt# Gass here and Set out at Sun rise, 
  Crossed the little river which I waded 85 yards wide & 3 feet Deep 
  Swift, at which place I Saw Several Indians one of which had 2 butifull 
  Sea orter Skins on as a roabe, here the Creek which I crossed at a tree 
  and on which I camped the 6th inst. came within 200 yds of the river & 
  they Inds# make a portage here, Continued on a place 3 miles Crossed this 
  Creek in a Small Canoe. here I expected to find Shannon and gibson with 
  meet to furnish the Salt makers, but did not, divided the party Sent 2 men 
  to my right to try and kill Elk, Soon after met Gibson & Shannon with 
  meat, they had killed 2 Elk 2 miles to my right, I divided the meat 
  between the party, and the load of 3 men whome I Send with gibson & 
  Shannon to help Carrey the 2 Elk to the Salt makers, and I my Self and the 
  party returned by the Same rout we went out to the Canoes Rd. Frasure 
  behaved very badly, and mutonous ¬ he also lost his large Knife. I 
  Sent him back to look for his knife, with Directions to return with the 
  party of Serjt Gass, I proceded on, here is a portage of 1/4 of a mile 
  from this Creck to a branch which falls into the Bay, we proceeded on a 
  much bette road than we went out across a Deep Slash and found our Canoes 
  Safe, and Set out at Sunset, and arived at the foart, wet and Cold at 9 
  oClock P#M# found a Cheif & number of Indians both Encamped on the 
  Shore, and at the fort of the Cath la~hur Tribe which lives at no great 
  distance above this back of an Island Close under the South Side of the 
  Columbia River 
  = 
  Those people Speake the Same Language of the Clotsops dress nearly alike 
  the men of both Cut their hair in the neck. use blankets of the 
  manifactory of the nativs near the falls of the Sheep Wool ¬ fond of brass 
  arm bands and Check, They bring Wap~pa~to root (which is Sagittifolia or 
  the Common arrow head which is Cultivated by the Chinees) to Sell. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1136-1806-01-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday the 10th of January 1806 I derected Serjt# Gass to Continue with 
  the Salt makers untill Shannon return from hunting, and then himself and 
  Shannon to return to the Fort, I Set out at Sunrise with the party waded 
  the Clat Sop river which I found to be 85 Steps across and 3 feet deep, on 
  the opposite Side a Kil a mox Indian Came to and offered to Sell Some 
  roots of which I did not want, he had a robe made of 2 large Sea otter 
  Skins which I offered to purchase, but he would not part with them, we 
  returned by nearly the Same rout which I had Come out, at four miles, I 
  met Gibson & Shannon each with a load of meat, they informed me that 
  they had killed Elk about 2 miles off, I directed 3 men to go with the 
  hunters and help them pack the meat to the place they were makeing Salt, 
  and return to the fort with Serjt# Gass, the balance of the party took the 
  load of the 3 men, after crossing the 2d Creek frasure informed me that he 
  had lost his big knife, here we Dined, I put frasurs load on my guide who 
  is yet with me, and Sent him back in Serch of his knife with directions to 
  join the other men who were out packing meat & return to the fort all 
  together. I arrived at the Canoes about Sunset, the tides was Comeing in I 
  thought it a favourable time to go on to the fort at which place we 
  arrived at 10 oClock P M, found Several inidians of the Cath'~lah~mah 
  nation the great Chief Shahhar~wah cop who reside not far above us on the 
  South Side of the Columbia River, this is the first time I have Seen the 
  Chief, he was hunting when we passed his village on our way to this place, 
  we gave him a medal of the Smallest Size, he presented me with a basquet 
  of Wappato, in return for which I gave him a fish hook of a large Size and 
  Some wire, those people Speak the Same language with the Chinnooks and 
  Clatsops, whome they all resemble in Dress, Custom, manners &c# they 
  brought Some Dried Salmon, Wappato, Dogs, and mats made of rushes & 
  flags to barter; their Dogs and part of their wappato they disposed of, 
  and remained in their Camp near the fort all night. 
  = 
  In my absence the hunters from the fort killed only two Elk which is yet 
  out in the woods. Capt# Lewis examined our Small Stock of merchendize 
  found Some of it wet and Dried it by the fire. Our merchindize is reduced 
  to a mear handfull, and our Comfort, dureing our return next year, much 
  depends on it, it is therefore almost unnecessary to add that it is much 
  reduced The nativs in this neighbourhood are excessively fond of Smokeing 
  tobacco. in the act of Smokeing they appear to Swallow it as they draw it 
  from the pipe, and for maney draughts together you will not perceive the 
  Smoke they take from the pipe, in the Same manner they inhale it in their 
  longs untill they become Surcharged with the vapour when they puff it out 
  to a great distance through their norstils and mouth; I have no doubt that 
  tobacco Smoked in this manner becomes much more intoxicating, and that 
  they do possess themselves of all its virtues to the fullest extent; they 
  frequently give us Sounding proofs of its createing a dismorallity of 
  order in the abdomen, nor are those light matters thought indelicate in 
  either Sex, but all take the liberty of obeying the dicktates of nature 
  without reserve. Those people do not appear to know the use of Speritious 
  licquors, they never haveing once asked us for it; I prosume therefore 
  that the traders who visit them have never indulged them with the use of 
  it; of whatever Cause this may proceed, it is a verry fortunate 
  occurrence, as well for the nativs themselves, as for the quiet and Safty 
  of those whites who visit them. George Drewyer visited this traps in my 
  absence and caught a Beaver & a otter; the beaver was large and fat, 
  and Capt# L# has feested Sumptiously on it yesterday; this we Consider as 
  a great prize, it being a full grown beaver was well Supplyed with the 
  materials for makeing bate with which to Catch others. this bate when 
  properly prepared will entice the beaver to visit it as far as he can 
  Smell it, and this I think may be Safely Stated at 1/2 a mile, their Sence 
  of Smelling being verry accute. To prepare beaver bate, the Caster or bark 
  Stone is taken as the base, this is generally pressed out of the bladder 
  like bag which Contains it, into a phiol of 4 ounces with a wide mouth; if 
  you have them you will put from 4 to 6 Stone in a phial of that Capacity, 
  to this you will add half a nutmeg, a Dozen or 15 grains of Cloves and 30 
  grains of Sinimon finely pulverised, Stur them well together, and then add 
  as much ardent Sperits to the Composition as will reduce it to the 
  Consistancey of mustard prepared for the table, when thus prepared it 
  resembles mustard precisely to all appearance. When you cannot precure a 
  phial a bottle made of horn or a light earthern vessel will answer, in all 
  Cases it must be excluded from the air or it will Soon lose its Virtue; it 
  is fit for use imediately it is prepared but becoms much Stronger and 
  better in 4 or 5 days and will keep for months provided it be purfectly 
  Secluded from the air. when Cloves are not to be had use double the 
  quantity of allspice, and when no Spices can be obtained use the bark of 
  the root of the Sausafras; when Sperits cannot be had use oil Stone of the 
  beaver adding mearly a Sufficent quantity to moisten the other materials, 
  or reduce it to a Stiff paste. it appears to me that the principal use of 
  the Spices is only to give a variety to the Scent of the bark Stone and if 
  So the mace vineller, and other Sweet Smelling Spices might be employd 
  with equal advantage. The Male Beaver has Six stones, two which Contanes a 
  Substance much like finely pulverised bark of a pale yellow Colour and not 
  unlike tanner's ooz in Smell, these are Called the bark Stones or castors; 
  two others, which like the bark stone resemble Small blatters, contain a 
  pure oil of a Strong rank disagreable Smell, and not unlike train Oil, 
  these are Called the Oil Stones, and two others of Generation. The bark 
  stones are about 2 inches in length, the others Somewhat Smaller, all are 
  of a long Oval form, and lye in a bunch together between the skin and the 
  root of the tail beneath or behind the fundiment with which they are 
  Closely Connected and Seam to Communicate, the pride of the female lye on 
  the inner Side much like those of the hog they have no further parts of 
  Generation that I can proceive, and therefore believe that like the birds 
  they Coperate with the extremity of the gut. The female have from 2 to 4 
  young ones at a birth and bring forth once a year only which usially 
  happins about the Latter end of May and beginning of June. at this Stage 
  She is Said to drive the Mail from the lodge, who would otherwise distroy 
  the young 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1137-1806-01-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday January 11th 1806. Sent a party early this morning for the Elk 
  which was killed on the 9th. they returned with it in the evening; Drewyer 
  and Collins also returned without having killed anything. this morning the 
  Sergt# of the guard reported the absence of our Indian Canoe, on enquiry 
  we found that those who came in it last evening had been negligent in 
  securing her and the tide in the course of the night had taken her off; we 
  sent a party down to the bay in surch of her, they returned unsuccessfull, 
  the party also who went up the river and Creek in quest of the meat were 
  ordered to lookout for her but were equally unsuccessfull; we ordered a 
  party to resume their resurches for her early tomorrow; this will be a 
  very considerable loss to us if we do not recover her; she is so light 
  that four men can carry her on their sholders a mile or more without 
  resting; and will carry three men and from 12 to 15 hundred lbs# the 
  Cuthlahmahs left us this evening on their way to the Catsops, to whom they 
  purpose bartering their wappetoe for the blubber and oil of the whale, 
  which the latter purchased for beads &c# from the Killamucks; in this 
  manner there is a trade continually carryed on by the natives of the river 
  each trading some article or other with their neighbours above and below 
  them; and thus articles which are vended by the whites at the entrance of 
  this river, find their way to the most distant nations enhabiting it's 
  waters. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1138-1806-01-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 11th of January 1806 Sent a party early this morning for the Elk 
  which was killed on the 9th they returned with it in the evining; This 
  morning the Serjt# of the guard reported that our Indian Canoe had gone a 
  Drift, on enquiry we found that those who Came in it last evening had been 
  negligent in Secureing her, and the tide in Corse of the night had taken 
  her off; we Sent a party down to the bay in Serch of her, they returned 
  unsecksessfull, the party who went up the river and Creek after meat were 
  derected to look out for her but were equally unsecksessfull; this will be 
  a verry considerable loss to us if we do not recover her, She is so light 
  that 4 men Can Carry her on their Sholders a mile or more without resting, 
  and will Carry four men and from 10 to 12 hundred pounds. The Cath IA mahs 
  left us this evening on their way to the Clatsops, to whome they perpose 
  bartering their wappato for the blubber & Oil of the whale, which the 
  latter purchased for Beeds &c# from the Kil a mox; in this manner 
  there is a trade Continually Carried on by the nativs of the river each 
  tradeing Some articles or other with their neighbours above and below 
  them, and those articles which are Vended by the whites at their enterance 
  of this river, find their way to the most distant nations inhabiting its 
  waters. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1139-1806-01-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday January 12th 1806. The men who were sent in surch of the canoe 
  returned without being able to find her, we therefore give her over as 
  lost. This morning sent out Drewyer and one man to hunt, they returned in 
  the evening, Drewyer having killed seven Elk; I scarcely know how we 
  should subsist were it not for the exertions of this excellet hunter. At 2 
  P#M# the ballance of the party who had been left by Capt# C# arrived; 
  about the same time the two hunters also arrived who had been dispatched 
  by Capt C# for the purpose of hunting on the 9th inst.; they had killed 
  nothing. We have heretofore usually divided the meat when first killed 
  among the four messes into which we have divided our party leaving to each 
  the care of preserving and the discretion of using it, but we find that 
  they make such prodigal use of it when they hapen to have a tolerable 
  stock on hand that we have determined to adapt a different system with our 
  present stock of seven Elk; this is to jerk it & issue it to them in 
  small quantities. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1140-1806-01-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday the 12th January 1806 This morning Sent out Drewyer and one man to 
  hunt, they returned in the evening Drewyer haveing killed 7 Elk; I 
  scercely know how we Should Subsist, I beleive but badly if it was not for 
  the exertions of this excellent hunter; maney others also exert 
  themselves, but not being accquainted with the best method of finding and 
  killing the elk and no other wild animals is to be found in this quarter, 
  they are unsucksessfull in their exertions. at 2 P# M Serjt# Gass and the 
  men I left to assist the Salt makers in Carrying in their meat arrived 
  also the hunters which I directed to hunt in the point, they killed 
  nothing. We have heretofore devided the meat when first killed among the 
  four messes, into which we have divided our party, leaveing to each the 
  Care of preserving and distribution of useing it; but we find that they 
  make such prodigal use of it when they happen to have a tolerable Stock on 
  hand, that we are determined to adapt a Different System with our present 
  stock of Seven Elk; this is to jurk it and issue it to them in Small 
  quantities 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1141-1806-01-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday January 13th 1806. This morning I took all the men who could be 
  spared from the Fort and set out in quest of the flesh of the seven Elk 
  that were killed yesterday, we found it in good order being untouched by 
  the wolves, of which indeed there are but few in this country; at 1 P#M# 
  we returned having gotten all the meat to the fort. this evening we 
  exhausted the last of our candles, but fortunately had taken the 
  precaution to bring with us moulds and wick, by means of which and some 
  Elk's tallow in our possession we do not yet consider ourselves destitute 
  of this necessary article; the Elk we have killed have a very small 
  portion of tallow. 
  = 
  The traders usually arrive in this quarter, as has been before observed, 
  in the month of April, and remain untill October; when here they lay at 
  anchor in a bay within Cape Disappointment on the N# side of the river; 
  here they are visited by the natives in their canoes who run along side 
  and barter their comodities with them, their being no houses or 
  fortification on shore for that purpose. the nations who repare thither 
  are fist, those of the sea coast S# E# of the entrance of the river, who 
  reside in the order in which their names are mentioned, begining at the 
  entrance of the river (viz) The Clatsop, Killamuck, Ne~cost, Nat~ti, 
  Nat~chies, Tarl~che, E~slitch, You~cone and So~see. secondly those 
  inhabiting the N# W# coast begining at the entrance of the river and 
  mentioned in the same order; the Chinnook and Chiltch the latter very 
  numerous; and thirdly the Cath~lah~mah, and Skil~lutes, the latter 
  numerous and inhabiting the river from a few miles above the marshey 
  Islands, where the Cuth~lahmahs cease, to the grand rappids. These last 
  may be esteemed the principal carryers or intermediate traders betwen the 
  whites and the Indians of the Sea Coast, and the E~ne~shurs, the 
  E~chee~lutes, and the Chil~luckkit~te quaws, who inhabit the river above, 
  to the grand falls inclusive, and who prepare most of the pounded fish 
  which is brought to market. The bay in which this trade is carryed on is 
  spacious and commodious, and perfectly secure from all except the S# and 
  S# E# winds, these however are the most prevalent and strong winds in the 
  Winter season. fresh water and wood are very convenient and excellent 
  timber for refiting and reparing vessels. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1142-1806-01-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 13th January 1806 Capt# Lewis took all the men which Could be 
  Speared from the Fort and Set out in quest of the flesh of the Seven Elk 
  which were killed yesterday they found the meat all Secure untouched by 
  the Wolves, of which indeed there are but fiew in this Countrey; at 1 P#M# 
  the party returned with the 2d and Last load of meat to the fort. this 
  evening we finished all last of our Candles, we brought with us, but 
  fortunately had taken the precaution to bring with us moulds and wick, by 
  means of which and Some Elk tallow in our possession we do not think our 
  Selves distitute of this necessary article, the Elk which have been killed 
  have a verry Small portion of tallow. The Traders usially arrive in this 
  quarter, in the month of april, and remain until October; when here they 
  lay at anchor in a Bay within Cape Disapointment on the N# Side of the 
  river; here they are visited by the nativs in their Canoes who run along 
  Side and barter their Comodities with them, their being no houses or 
  fortification on Shore for that purpose. 
  = 
  The nations who repare thither ar first those of the Sea Coast S# E & 
  N W of the enterance of the river, who reside in the order in which their 
  names are mentioned to the S E# the Clat Sops, Kil~a~mox, and those to the 
  N W# the Chin nooks, and Chiltch; and Secondly the Cath~lah~mah, 
  War~ki~a~cum, and Skil~lutes, the latter noumerous and inhabiting those 
  last may be considered or intermedeate traders between the whites and 
  nations on the Sea Coast, and the E~ne~churs, the E~chee~lutes, and the 
  Chil~luck~kitte~quaws, who inhabit the river up to the great falls 
  inclusive, and who prepare most of the pounded fish which is brought to 
  Market. 
  = 
  The Bay in which the trade is Carried on is Spacious and Commodious, and 
  perfectly Secure from all except the S# & S E Winds and those blow but 
  Seldom the most prevalent & Strong winds are from the S W & N W in 
  the Winter Season. fish water and wood are very Convenient and excellent 
  timber for refitting and repareing vessels. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1143-1806-01-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday January 14th 1806. This morning the Sergt# of the Guard reported 
  the absence of one of the large perogues, it had broken the chord by which 
  it was attatched and the tide had taken it off; we sent a party 
  immediately in surch of her, they returned in about 3 hours having 
  fortunately found her. we now directed three of the perogues to be drawn 
  up out of reach of the tide and the fourth to be mored in the small branch 
  just above the landing and confined with a strong rope of Elk~skin. had we 
  lost this perogue also we should have been obliged to make three small 
  ones, which with the few tools we have now left would be a serious 
  undertaking. a fatiegue of 6 men employed in jerking the Elk beaf. 
  = 
  From the best estimate we were enabled to make as we dscended the Columbia 
  we conceived that the natives inhabiting that noble stream, for some miles 
  above the great falls to the grand rappids inclusive annually prepare 
  about 30,000 lbs# of pounded sammon for market. but whether this fish is 
  an article of commerce with the whites or is exclusively sold to and 
  consumed by the natives of the sea Coast, we are at a loss to determine. 
  the first of those positions I am disposed to credit most, but, still I 
  must confess that I cannot imagine what the white merchant's object can be 
  in purchasing this fish, or where they dispose of it. and on the other 
  hand the Indians in this neighbourhood as well as the Skillutes have an 
  abundance of dryed sammon which they take in the creeks and inlets, and I 
  have never seen any of this pounded fish in their lodges, which I pesume 
  would have been the case if they purchased this pounded fish for their own 
  consumption. the Indians who prepared this dryed and pounded fish, 
  informed us that it was to trade with the whites, and shewed us many 
  articles of European manufacture which they obtained for it. it is true 
  they obtain those articles principally for their fish but they trade with 
  the Skillutes for them and not immediately with the whites; the 
  intermediate merchants and carryers, the Skillutes, may possibly consume a 
  part of this fish themselves and dispose of the ballance of it the natives 
  of the sea coast, and from them obtain such articles as they again trade 
  with the whites. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1144-1806-01-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 14th January 1806 This morning the Serjt# of the guard reported 
  the absence of one of our Canoes it had broken the Cord by which it was 
  attached and the tide had taken her off; we Sent a party imediately in 
  Serch of her, they returned in about 3 hours haveing fortunately found 
  her. we now derect that 3 of the canoes be drawed up out of reach of the 
  tide and the 4th to be tied with a long Strong Cord of Elk Skins, ready 
  for use. had we lost this large Canoe we Should have been obliged to make 
  3 other Small ones, which with the fiew tools we have now left would be a 
  Serious undertakeing. a fatiege of Six men employd in jurking the Elk 
  beef. From the best estermate we were enabled to make as we decended the 
  Columbia we Conceived that the nativs inhabiting that noble Stream (from 
  the enterance of Lewis's river to the neighbourhood of the falls the 
  nativs Consume all the fish they Catch either for food or fuel) From Tow 
  ar ne hi ooks River or a fiew mils above the Great falls to the grand 
  rapids inclusive anually prepare about 30,000 lbs of pounded fish (Chiefly 
  Salmon) for market, but whether this fish is an article of Commerce with 
  their neighbours or is exclusively Sold to, and Consumed by the nativs of 
  the Sea coast, we are at a loss to determine the latter of those positions 
  I am dispose to credit most, as I cannot imagine what the white merchents 
  objet Could be in purchaseing fish, or where they Could dispose of it. on 
  the other hand the Indians in this neighbourhood as well as the Skillutes 
  and those above have an abundance of Dryed Salmon which they take in the 
  Creeks and inlets. they are excessively fond of the pounded fish haveing 
  frequently asked us for Some of it. the Indians who prepared this pounded 
  fish made Signs that they traded it with people below them for Beeds and 
  trinkets &c and Showed us maney articles of European manufacture which 
  they obtained for it; The Skillutes and Indians about the great rapids are 
  the intermediate merchants and Carryers, and no doubt Consume a part of 
  this fish themselves and dispose of the ballance of it to the nativs of 
  the Sea coast, and from this obtain Such articles as they again trade with 
  the whites. 
  = 
  The persons who usially visit the enterence of this river for the purpose 
  of traffic or hunting, I believe is either English or Americans; the 
  Indians inform us that they Speak the Same language with our Selves, and 
  gave us proofs of their varacity by repeating maney words of English, Sun 
  of a pitch &c# whether those traders are from Nootka Sound, from Some 
  other late establishment on this Coast, or imediately from the U States or 
  Great Brittain, I am at a loss to determine, nor Can the Indians inform 
  us. the Indians whome I have asked in what direction the traders go when 
  they depart from hence, allways point to the S# W# from which it is 
  prosumeable that Nootka cannot be their distination, and from Indian 
  information a majority of those traders annually visit them about the 
  beginning of April and remain Some time and either remain or revisit them 
  in the fall of which I cannot properly understand, from this Circumstance 
  they Cannot Come directly from the U States or Great Brittain, the 
  distance being to great for them to go and return in the ballance of a 
  year. I am Sometimes induced to believe that there is Some other 
  Establishment on the Coast of America South of this place of which little 
  is but yet known to the world, or it may be perhaps on Some Island in the 
  Pacific Ocian between the Continant of America & Asia to the S# W# of 
  us. This traffic on the part of the whites Consist in vending, guns, 
  principally old British or American Musquets, powder, balls and Shote, 
  brass tea kettles, Blankets from two to three points, Scarlet and blue 
  Cloth (Coarse), plates and Strips of Sheet Copper and brass, large brass 
  wire Knives Beeds &Tobacco with fishing hooks, buttons and Some other 
  Small articles; also a considerable quantity of Salors Clothes, as hats, 
  Coats, Trouses and Shirts. for those they receive in return from the 
  nativs Dressed and undressed Elk Skins, Skins of the Sea otter, Common 
  Otter, beaver, common fox, Speck, and tiger Cat, also Some Salmon dried or 
  pounded and a kind of buisket, which the nativs make of roots called by 
  them Shappelell. The nativs are extravigantly fond of the most Common 
  Cheap Blue and white beeds, of moderate Size, or Such that from 50 to 70 
  will way one pennyweight, the blue is usially prefured to the white; those 
  beeds Constitute the principal Circulating medium with all the Indian 
  tribes on this river; for those beeds they will dispose of any article 
  they possess. the beeds are Strung on Straps of a fathom in length & 
  in that manner Sold by the breth or yard. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1145-1806-01-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday January 15th 1806. Had a large coat completed out of the skins of 
  the Tiger Cat and those also of a small animal about the size of a 
  squirrel not known to me; these skins I procured from the Indians who had 
  previously dressed them and formed them into robes; it took seven of these 
  robes to complete the coat. we had determined to send out two hunting 
  parties today but it rained so incessantly that we posponed it. no 
  occurrence worthy of relation took place today. 
  = 
  The implyments used by the Chinnooks Clatsops Cuthlahmahs &c in 
  hunting are the gun the bow & arrow, deadfalls, pitts, snares, and 
  spears or gigs; their guns are usually of an inferior quality being oald 
  refuse American & brittish Musquits which have been repared for this 
  trade. there are some very good peices among them, but they are invariably 
  in bad order; they apear not to have been long enouh accustomed to fire 
  arms to understand the management of them. they have no rifles. Their guns 
  and amunition they reserve for the Elk, deer and bear, of the two last 
  however there are but few in their neighbourhood. they keep their powder 
  in small japaned tin flasks which they obtain with their amunition from 
  the traders; when they happen to have no ball or shot, they substitute 
  gravel or peices of potmettal, and are insensible of the damage done 
  thereby to their guns. The bow and arrow is the most common instrument 
  among them, every man being furnished with them whether he has a gun or 
  not; this instrument is imployed indiscriminately in hunting every species 
  of anamal on which they subsist# Their bows are extreamly neat and very 
  elastic, they are about two and a half feet in length, and two inches in 
  width in the center, thence tapering graduly to the extremities where they 
  are half an inch wide they are very flat and thin, formed of the heart of 
  the arbor vita or white cedar, the back of the bow being thickly covered 
  with sinews of the Elk laid on with a gleue which they make from the 
  sturgeon; the string is made of sinues of the Elk also. the arrow is 
  formed of two parts usually tho sometime entire; those formed of two parts 
  are unequally divided that part on which the feathers are placed occupyes 
  four fifths of it's length and is formed of light white pine reather 
  larger than a swan's quill, in the lower extremity of this is a circular 
  mortice secured by sinues roled arround it; this mortice receives the one 
  end of the 2nd part which is of a smaller size than the first and about 
  five inches long, in the end of this the barb is fixed and confined with 
  sinue, this barb is either stone, iron or copper, if metal in this form 
  forming at it's point a greater angle than those of any other Indians I 
  have observed. the shorter part of the arrow is of hearder wood as are 
  also the whole of the arrow when it is of one piece only. as these people 
  live in a country abounding in ponds lakes &c and frequently hunt in 
  their canoes and shoot at fowl and other anamals where the arrow missing 
  its object would be lost in the water they are constructed in the manner 
  just discribed in order to make them float should they fall in the water, 
  and consequently can again he recovered by the hunter; the quiver is 
  usually the skin of a young bear or that of a wolf invariably open at the 
  side in stead of the end as the quivers of other Indians generally are; 
  this construction appears to answer better for the canoe than if they were 
  open at the end only. maney of the Elk we have killed since we have been 
  here, have been wounded with these arrows, the short piece with the barb 
  remaining in the animal and grown up in the flesh. the deadfalls and 
  snares are employed in taking the wolf the raccoon and fox of which there 
  are a few only. the spear or gig is used to take the sea otter, the common 
  otter, spuck, and beaver. their gig consists of two points or barbs and 
  are the same in their construction as those discribed before as being 
  common among the Indians on the upper part of this river. their pits are 
  employed in taking the Elk, and of course are large and deep, some of them 
  a cube of 12 or 14 feet. these are usually placed by the side of a large 
  fallen tree which as well as the pit lye across the toads frequented by 
  the Elk. these pitts are disguised with the slender boughs of trees and 
  moss; the unwary Elk in passing the tree precipitates himself into the 
  pitt which is sufficiently deep to prevent his escape, and is thus taken. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1146-1806-01-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 15th of January 1806 Capt# Lewis had a large Coat finished made of 
  the Skins of the tiger Cat, and those of the Small animal about the Size 
  of Small Cat not known to me; those Skins were precured from the Indians 
  who had previously dressed them and formed them into robes; it took Seven 
  of those robes to Complete the Coat. no occurrence worthey of remark took 
  place. rained hard all day. The imployments used by the Chinnooks 
  Clatsops, Cath lah mahs Kil a mox &c# in hunting are the gun the bow 
  & arrow, dead falls, Pitts, Snares, and Spears or gigs; their guns are 
  usially of an inferior quallity being old refuse american or brittish 
  muskets which have been repared for this trade there are Some verry good 
  pieces among them, but they are invariably in bad order they appear not to 
  be long enough acquainted with fire arms to understand the management of 
  them. They have no rifles. Their guns and amunition they reserve for the 
  Elk, Deer, and Bear, of the two last however there are but fiew in their 
  neighbourhoods. they keep their powder in Small japaned tin flasks which 
  they obtain with their amunition from the traders; when they happen to 
  have no Ball or Shot they Substitute Gravel and are insenceable of the 
  dammage done thereby to their Guns. 
  = 
  The Bow and arrow is the most common instrement among them, every man 
  being furnished with them whether he has a gun or not, this instrement is 
  imployed indiscreminately in hunting every Species of animal on which they 
  Subsist, Their bows are extreemly meet neat and very elastic, they are 
  about two feet Six inches long and two inches wide in the Center, thence 
  tapering gradually to the extremities, where they ar 3/4 of an Inch wide, 
  they are very flat and thin, formed of the heart of the arbor vita or 
  white Cedar, the back of the Bow being thickly Covered with Sinues of the 
  Elk laid on with a Gleue which they make from the Sturgeon; the String is 
  made of the Sinues of the Elk also, the arrow is formed of two parts 
  usually tho Sometimes entire; those formed of 2 parts are uneaquilly 
  devided, the part on which the feathers are placed occupie 4/5 of it's 
  length and is formed of light white pine rather larger than a Swans quill, 
  in the lower extremity of this is a Circular mortice Secured by Sinues 
  raped around it; this mortice recives the one end of the 2d part which is 
  of Smaller Size than the first and about five inches long, in the end of 
  this the barb is fixed and Confined with Sinues, the berb is either Iron 
  Copper or Stone ¬ in this form forming at its point a greater angle 
  than those of any other Indians I have observed. The Shorter part of the 
  arrow is of harder wood, as are also the whole of the arrow where it is of 
  one piece only. as these people live in a Countrey abounding in Ponds 
  lakes &c# and frequently hunt in their Canoes and Shoot at fowls and 
  other animals where the arrow missing its object would be lost in the 
  water they are constructed in the Manner just discribed in order to make 
  them flote Should they fall in the water, and Consequently Can again be 
  recovered by the hunter; the quiver is useally the Skin of a young bear or 
  that of a wolf invariably open at the Side in Sted of the end, as the 
  quiver of other Indians generally are, this Construction appears to answer 
  better for the Canoe, than if they were open at the end only. maney of the 
  Elk which our hunters have killd. Sence we have been here have been 
  wounded with those arrows, the Short piece with the barbe remaining in the 
  Animal and grown up in the flesh. the Deadfalls & Snares are 
  employd in takeing the Wolf, the racoon and fox of which there are a fiew. 
  the Spear or gig is used to take the Sea otter, Spuck, & Beaver. The 
  gig consists of two points or birbs and are the Same in their Construction 
  as those which are Common among the Indians on the upper part of this 
  river and before discribed. Their pitts are employed in takeing the Elk, 
  and of Course are large and Deep, Some of them a Cube of 12 or 14 feet, 
  those ar commonly placed by the Side of a large fallen tree which as well 
  as the pitt lie across the roads frequented by the Elk, these pitts are 
  disguised with the Slender bows of trees & moss; the unwarry Elk in 
  passing the tree precipates himself into the Pitt which is Sufficiently 
  deep to prevent his escape. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1147-1806-01-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday January 16th 1806. This evening we finished curing the meat. no 
  occurrence worthy of relation took place today. we have plenty of Elk beef 
  for the present and a little salt, our houses dry and comfortable, and 
  having made up our minds to remain until the 1st of April, every one 
  appears content with his situation and his fare. it is true that we could 
  even travel now on our return as far as the timbered country reaches, or 
  to the falls of the river; but further it would be madness for us to 
  attempt to proceede untill April, as the indians inform us that the snows 
  lye knee deep in the plains of Columbia during the winter, and in these 
  plains we could scarcely get as much fuel of any kind as would cook our 
  provision as we descended the river; and even were we happyly over these 
  plains and again in the woody country at the foot of the Rocky Mountains 
  we could not possibly pass that immence barrier of mountains on which the 
  snows ly in winter to the debth in many places of 20 feet; in short the 
  Indians inform us that they are impracticable untill about the 1st of 
  June, at which time even there is an abundance of snow but a scanty 
  subsistence may be obtained for the horses. we should not therefore 
  forward ourselves on our homeward journey by reaching the rocky mountains 
  early than the 1st of June, which we can easily effect by seting out from 
  hence on the 1st of April. 
  = 
  The Clatsops Chinnooks &c# in fishing employ the common streight net, 
  the scooping or diping net with a long handle, the gig, and the hook and 
  line. the common net is of different lengths and debths usually employed 
  in taking the sammon, Carr and trout in the inlets among the marshey 
  grounds and the mouths of deep creeks. the skiming or scooping net to take 
  small fish in the spring and summer season; the gig and hook are employed 
  indiscriminately at all seasons in taking such fish as they can procure by 
  their means. their nets and fishing lines are made of the silk~grass or 
  white cedar bark; and their hooks are generally of European manufactary, 
  tho before the whites visited them they made hooks of bone and other 
  substances formed in the following manner A C, and C# B# are two small 
  pieces of bone about the size of a strong twine, these are flattened and 
  leveled off of their extremities near C# where they are firmly attatched 
  together with sinues and covered with rosin. C A# is reduced to a sharp 
  point at A where it is also bent in a little; C B# is attatched to the 
  line, for about half it's length at the upper extremity B# the whole 
  forming two sides of an accute angled triangle. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1148-1806-01-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 16th January 1806 This evening we finished cureing the meat. no 
  occurrence worthey of relation took place to day. we have a plenty of Elk 
  beef for the present and a little Salt, our houses dry and Comfortable, 
  haveing made up our minds to Stay untill the 1st of April every one 
  appears contented with his Situation, and his fair. it is true we Could 
  travel even now on our return as far as the timbered Country reaches, or 
  to the falls of the river, but further it would be madness for us to 
  attempt to proceed untill april, as the indians inform us that the Snows 
  lyes knee deep in the Columbian Plains dureing the winter, and in those 
  planes we could not git as much wood as would Cook our provisions untill 
  the drift wood comes down in the Spring and lodges on the Shore &c# 
  and even were we happily over those plains and in the woodey countrey at 
  the foot of the rockey mountains, we could not possibly pass that emence 
  bearier of mountains on which the Snow lyes in winter to the debth in 
  maney placs of 20 feet; in Short the Indians tell us they impassable 
  untill about the 1s of June, at which time even then is an abundance of 
  snow but a Scanty Subsistance may be had for the horses ¬ we Should 
  not foward our homeward journey any by reaching the Rocky mountains 
  earlier than the 1st of June which we can effect by Setting out from hence 
  by the 1st of April 
  = 
  The Clatsops, Chinnooks &c# in fishing employ the Common Streight net, 
  the Scooping or dipping net with a long handle, the gig, and the hook and 
  line. the Common nets are of different lengths and debths usually employd 
  in takeing the Salmon, Carr and trout in the inlets among the marshey 
  grounds and the mouths of deep Creeks, ¬ the Skiming or scooping nets 
  to take Smaller fish in the Spring and Summer Season; the gig and hook are 
  employed indiscreminately at all Seasons in takeing Such fish as they Can 
  precure by these means. their nets and fishing lines are made of the Silk 
  Grass or white Cedar bark; and their hooks are generally of European 
  manufactory, tho before the whites visited them they made their Hooks of 
  bone and other Substances formed in the following manner A C and B C are 
  two Small pieces of bone about the Size of a Strong twine, these are 
  flattened & beaveled off to their extremites at C, where they are 
  firmley attached together and Covered with rozin C A is reduced to a Sharp 
  point at A where it is also bent in a little; C B is attached to the line, 
  at the upper extremity B# the whole forming two Sides of an accute angled 
  triangle. the line has a loop at D which it is anexed to a longer line and 
  taken off at pleasure. Those Hooks are yet common among the nativs on the 
  upper parts of the Columbia river for to Catch fish in Deep places. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1149-1806-01-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 17th 1806 This morning we were visited by Comowool and 7 
  of the Clatsops our nearest neighbours, who left us again in the evening. 
  They brought with them some roots and buries for sale, of which however 
  they disposed of but very few as they asked for them such prices as our 
  stock in trade would not license us in giving. the Chief Comowool gave us 
  some roots and buries for which we gave him in return a mockerson awl and 
  some thread; the latter he wished for the purpose of making a skiming net. 
  one of the party was dressed in three very eligant Sea Otter skins which 
  we much wanted; for these we offered him many articles but he would not 
  dispose of them for any other consideration but blue beads, of these we 
  had only six fathoms left, which being 4 less than his price for each skin 
  he would not exchange nor would a knife or an equivalent in beads of any 
  other colour answer his purposes, these coarse blue beads are their 
  favorite merchandiz, and are called by them tia Commashuck or Chiefs 
  beads. the best wampum is not so much esteemed by them as the most 
  inferior beads. Sent Coalter out to hunt this morning, he shortly after 
  returned with a deer, venison is a rarity with us we have had none for 
  some weeks. Drewyer also set out on a hunting excertion and took one man 
  with him. he intends both to hunt the Elk and trap the beaver. 
  = 
  The Culinary articles of the Indians in our neighbourhood consist of 
  wooden bowls or throughs, baskets, wooden spoons and woden scures or 
  spits. Their wooden bowls and troughs are of different forms and sizes, 
  and most generally dug out of a solid piece; they are ither round or simi 
  globular, in the form of a canoe, cubic, and cubic at top terminating in a 
  globe at bottom; these are extreemly well executed and many of them neatly 
  carved the larger vessels with hand~holes to them; in these vessels they 
  boil their fish or flesh by means of hot stones which they immerce in the 
  water with the article to be boiled. they also render the oil of fish or 
  other anamals in the same manner. their baskets are formed of cedar bark 
  and beargrass so closely interwoven with the fingers that they are 
  watertight without the aid of gum or rosin; some of these are highly 
  ornamented with strans of beargrass which they dye of several colours and 
  interweave in a great variety of figures; this serves them the double 
  perpose of holding their water or wearing on their heads; and are of 
  different capacites from that of the smallest cup to five or six gallons; 
  they are generally of a conic form or reather the segment of a cone of 
  which the smaller end forms the base or bottom of the basket. these they 
  make very expediciously and dispose off for a mear trifle. it is for the 
  construction of these baskets that the beargrass becomes an article of 
  traffic among the natives this grass grows only on their high mountains 
  near the snowey region; the blade is about 3/8 of an inch wide and 2 feet 
  long smoth pliant and strong; the young blades which are white from not 
  being exposed to the sun or air, are those most commonly employed, 
  particularly in their neatest work. Their spoons are not remarkable nor 
  abundant, they are generally large and the bole brawd# their meat is 
  roasted with a sharp scure, one end of which is incerted in the meat with 
  the other is set erect in the ground. the spit for roasting fish has it's 
  upper extremity split, and between it's limbs the center of the fish is 
  inscerted with it's head downwards and the tale and extremities of the 
  scure secured with a string, the sides of the fish, which was in the first 
  instance split on the back, are expanded by means of small splinters of 
  wood which extend crosswise the fish. a small mat of rushes or flags is 
  the usual plate or dish on which their fish, flesh, roots or burries are 
  served. they make a number of bags and baskets not watertight of cedar 
  bark, silk~grass, rushes, flags and common coarse sedge. in these they 
  secure their dryed fish, rooots, buries, &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1150-1806-01-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 17th January 1806 This morning we were visited by Comowool and 7 of 
  the Clatsops our nearest neighbours, who left us again in the evening. 
  They brought with them Some roots and beries for Sale, of which however 
  they disposed of very fiew as they asked for them Such prices as our Stock 
  in trade would not licence us in giveing. The Chief Comowool gave us Some 
  roots and berries, for which we gave him in return a mockerson awl and 
  Some thread; the latter he wished for the purpose of makeing a Skiming 
  Net. one of the party was dressed in three verry elegant Sea otter Skins 
  which we much wanted; for these we offered him maney articles but he would 
  not dispose of them for aney other Consideration but Blue beeds, of those 
  we had only Six fathoms left, which being 4 less than his price for each 
  Skin he would not exchange nor would a Knife or any other equivolent in 
  beeds of aney other Colour answer his purpose; these Coarse blue beeds are 
  their favourite merchandize and are Called by them Tia com ma shuck or 
  Chief beeds, the best Wampom is not as much esteemed by them as the most 
  indifferent beeds. Sent Colter out to hunt he Shortly after returned with 
  a Deer, Venison is a rarity with us we have had none for Some weeks. 
  Drewyer Set out on a hunting expedition one man went with him. he intends 
  to hunt the Elk and trap the beaver. 
  = 
  The Culianary articles of the Indians in our neighbourhood Consists of 
  wooden bowls or troughs, Baskets, Shell and wooden Spoons and wooden 
  Scures or Spits, their wooden Bowles and troughs are of different forms 
  and Sizes, and most generally dug out of Solid piecies; they are either 
  round, Square or in the form of a canoe; those are extreemly well executed 
  and maney of them neetly covered, the larger vessels with handholes to 
  them; in these vessels they boil their fish or flesh by means of hot 
  Stones which they immerce in the water with the articles to be boiled. 
  They also render the Oil of the fish, or other animals in the Same manner. 
  Their baskets are formed of Cedar bark and bargrass So closely interwoven 
  withe hands or fingers that they are watertight without the aid of gum or 
  rozin; Some of those are highly ornimented with the Straps of bargrass 
  which they dye of Several Colours and interweave in a great variety of 
  figures; this Serves a double purpose of holding the Water or wareing on 
  their heads; and are of different Capacities, from that of a Smallest Cup 
  to five or Six gallons, they are generally of a Conic form or reather the 
  Segment of a Cone of which the Smaller end forms the base or bottom of the 
  basket. these they make verry expediciously and dispose of for a mear 
  trifle. it is for the Construction of those baskets that Bargrass becoms 
  an article of traffic among the nativs of the Columbia. this grass grows 
  only on their mountains near the Snowey region; the blade is about 3/8 of 
  an inch wide and 2 feet long Smothe plient & Strong; the young blades 
  which are white from not being exposed to the Sun or air, are those which 
  are most Commonly employ'd, particularly in their neatest work. Their 
  wooden Spoons are not remarkable nor abundant, they are large & the 
  bowls broad. their meat is roasted with a Sharp Scure, one end of which is 
  incerted in the meat while the other is Set erect in the ground. The Spit 
  for roasting fish has its upper extremity Split, and between its limbs the 
  Center of the fish is incerted with its head downwards, and the tale and 
  the extremities of the Scure Secured with a String, the Side of the fish, 
  which was in the first instance Split in the back, are expanded by means 
  of Small Splinters of wood which extend Crosswise the fish. a Small mat of 
  rushes or flags is the usual plate, or Dish on which their fish, flesh, 
  roots & berries are Served. they make a number of Bags and Baskets not 
  water tight of Cedar bark Silk Grass, rushes, flags, and common Gorse 
  Sedge. in those they Secure their dried fish, roots berries &#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1151-1806-01-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday January 18th 1806. Two of the Clatsops who were here yesterday 
  returned today for a dog they had left; they remained with us a few hours 
  and departed. no further occurrence worthy of relation took place. the men 
  are still much engaged in dressing skins in order to cloath themselves and 
  prepare for our homeward journey. The Clatsops Chinnooks &c construct 
  their houses of timber altogether. they are from 14 to 20 feet wide and 
  from 20 to 60 feet in length, and acommodate one or more families 
  sometimes three or four families reside in the same room. thes houses are 
  also divided by a partition of boards, but this happens only in the 
  largest houses as the rooms are always large compared with the number of 
  inhabitants. these houses are constructed in the following manner; two or 
  more posts of split timber agreeably to the number of divisions or 
  partitions are furst provided, these are sunk in the ground at one end and 
  rise perpendicularly to the hight of 14 or 18 feet, the tops of them are 
  hollowed in such manner as to receive the ends of a round beam of timber 
  which reaches from one to the other, most commonly the whole length of the 
  building, and forming the upper part of the roof; two other sets of posts 
  and poles are now placed at proper distances on either side of the first, 
  formed in a similar manner and parrallel to it; these last rise to the 
  intended hight of the eves, which is usually about 5 feet. smaller sticks 
  of timber are now provided and are placed by pares in the form of rafters, 
  resting on, and reaching from the lower to the upper horizontal beam, to 
  both of which they are attatched at either end with the cedar bark; two or 
  three ranges of small poles are now placed horizontally on these rafters 
  on each side of the roof and are secured likewise with strings of the 
  Cedar bark. the ends sides and partitions are then formed with one range 
  of wide boards of abut two inches thick, which are sunk in the ground a 
  small distance at their lower ends and stand erect with their upper ends 
  Taping on the outside of the eve poles and end rafters to which they are 
  secured by an outer pole lying parallel with the eve poles and rafters 
  being secured to them by chords of cedar bark which pass through wholes 
  made in the boards at certain distances for that purpose; the rough roof 
  is then covered with a double range of thin boards, and an aperture of 2 
  by 3 feet left in the center of the roof to permit the smoke to pass. 
  these houses are sometimes sunk to the debth of 4 or 5 feet in which cace 
  the eve of the house comes nearly to the surface of the earth. in the 
  center of each room a space of six by eight feet square is sunk about 
  twelve inches lower than the floor having it's sides secured with four 
  sticks of squar timber, in this space they make their fire, their fuel 
  being generally pine bark. mats are spread arround the fire on all sides, 
  on these they set in the day and frequently sleep at night. on the inner 
  side of the hose on two sides and sometimes on three, there is a range of 
  upright peices about 4 feet removed from the wall; these are also sunk in 
  the ground at their lower ends, and secured at top to the rafters, from 
  these other peices ar extended horizontally to the wall and are secured in 
  the usual method by bark to the upright peices which support the eve 
  poles. on these short horizontal pieces of which there are sometimes two 
  ranges one above the other, boards are laid, which either form ther beads, 
  or shelves on which to put their goods and chattles of almost every 
  discription. their uncured fish is hung on sticks in the smoke of their 
  fires as is also the flesh of the Elk when they happen to be fortunate 
  enough to procure it which is but seldom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1152-1806-01-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 18th January 1806 Two of the Clatsops that were here yesterday 
  returned to day for a Dog they had left; they remained with us a fiew 
  hours and departed. no further accounts worthey of relation took place. 
  the men are much engaged dressing Skins in order to Cloath themselves and 
  prepare for the homeward journey. 
  = 
  The Clatsops Chinnooks &c# construct their Houses of timber 
  altogether. they are from 14 to 20 feet wide, and from 20 to 60 feet in 
  length, and accomodate one or more families Sometimes three or four 
  families reside in the Same room. this house is also devided by petitions 
  of Boards, but this happens only in the largest houses, as the rooms are 
  always large Compared with the number of inhabitents. those houses are 
  Constructed in the following manner; two or more posts of Split timber 
  agreeably to the number of devisions or partitions are first provided, 
  these are Sunk in the ground at one end and raised pirpindicular to the 
  hight of 12 or 14 feet, the top of them are hollowed So as to recive the 
  end of a round beem of timber which reaches from one to the other or the 
  entire length of the house; and forming the ridge pole; two other Sets of 
  posts and poles are then placed at proper distancies on either Side of the 
  first, formed in a Similar manner and parrelal to it; those last rise to 
  the intended hight of the eves, which is usially about 5 feet, ¬ Smaller 
  Sticks of timber is then previded and are placed by pears in the form of 
  rafters, resting on, and reaching from the lower to the upper horizontial 
  beam, to both of which they are atached at either end with the Cedar bark; 
  two or 3 ranges of Small poles are then placed Horizontially on these 
  rafters on each Side of the roof & are Secured likewise with Cedar 
  bark. the ends, Sides, and partitions are then formed, with one range of 
  wide boards of about 2 inches thick, which are Sunk in the ground a Small 
  distance at their lower ends & Stands erect with their upper ends 
  lapping on the out Side of the eve poles and end rafters to which they are 
  Secured by a outer pole lyeing parrelal with the eve pole and rafters 
  being Secured to them by Cords of Cedar bark which pass through wholes 
  made in the bods at Certain distances for that purpose; the rough roof is 
  then Covered with a double range of thin boards, and an aperture of 2 by 3 
  feet left in the Center of the roof to admit the Smoke to pass. These 
  houses are commonly Sunk to the debth of 4 or 5 feet in which Case the eve 
  of the house comes nearly to the Surface of the earth. in the Center of 
  each room a Space of from 6 by 8 feet is Sunk about 12 inches lower than 
  the Hoar haveing its Sides Secured by four thick boards or Squar pieces of 
  timber, in this Space they make their fire, their fuel being generally dry 
  pine Split Small which they perform with a peice of an Elks horn Sharpened 
  at one end drove into the wood with a Stone. mats are Spred around the 
  fire on all Sides, on these they Sit in the day and frequently Sleep at 
  night. on the inner Side of the house on two Sides and Sometimes on three, 
  there is a range of upright pieces about 4 feet removed from the wall; 
  these are also Sunk in the ground at their lower end, and Secured at top 
  to the rafters, from those, other pieces are extended horozontially to the 
  wall and are Secured in the usial manner with bark to the upright pieces 
  which Support the eve pole. on these Short horizontial peics of which 
  there are Sometimes two ranges one above the other, boards are laid, which 
  either form their beads, or Shelves on which to put their goods and 
  Chattles, of almost every discription. their uncured fish is hung on 
  Sticks in the Smoke of their fires as is also the flesh of the Elk when 
  they happen to be fortunate enough to precure it which is but Seldom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1153-1806-01-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday January 19th 1806. This morning sent out two parties of hunters, 
  consisting of Collins and Willard whom we sent down the bay towards point 
  Adams, and Labuish and Shannon whom we sent up Fort River; the fist by 
  land and the latter by water. we were visited today by two Clatsop men and 
  a woman who brought for sale some Sea Otter skins of which we purchased 
  one, giving in exchange the remainder of our blue beads consisting of 6 
  fathoms and about the same quantity of small white beads and a knife. we 
  also purchased a small quantity of train oil for a pair of Brass armbands 
  and a hat for some fishinghooks. these hats are of their own manufactory 
  and are composed of Cedar bark and bear grass interwoven with the fingers 
  and ornimented with various colours and figures, they are nearly 
  waterproof, light, and I am convinced are much more durable than either 
  chip or straw. These hats form a small article of traffic with the 
  Clatsops and Chinnooks who dispose of them to the whites. the form of the 
  hat is that which was in vogue in the Ued States and great Britain in the 
  years 1800 & 1801 with a high crown reather larger at the top than 
  where it joins the brim; the brim narrow or about 2 or 21/2 inches. 
  = 
  Several families of these people usually reside together in the same room; 
  they appear to be the father & mother and their sons with their son's 
  wives and children; their provision seems to be in common and the greatest 
  harmoney appears to exist among them. The old man is not always rispected 
  as the head of the family, that duty most commonly devolves on one of the 
  young men. They have seldom more than one wife, yet the plurality of wives 
  is not denyed them by their customs. These families when ascociated form 
  nations or bands of nations each acknoledging the authority of it's own 
  chieftain who dose not appear to be heriditary, nor his power to extend 
  further than a mear repremand for any improper act of an individual; the 
  creation of a chief depends upon the upright deportment of the individual 
  & his ability and disposition to render service to the community; and 
  his authority or the deference paid him is in exact equilibrio with the 
  popularity or voluntary esteem he has acquired among the individuals of 
  his band or nation. Their laws like those of all uncivilized Indians 
  consist of a set of customs which have grown out of their local 
  situations. not being able to speak their language we have not been able 
  to inform ourselves of the existence of any peculiar customs among them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1154-1806-01-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 19th of January 1806 This morning Sent out two parties of hunters, 
  one party towards Point adams and the other party up Ne tel River by 
  water. we were visited to day by two Clatsop men and a woman who brought 
  for Sale Some Sea otter Skins of which we purchased one gave in exchange 
  the remainder of our blue heeds Consisting of 6 fathoms, and the Same 
  quantity of Small white beids and a knife. we also purchased a Small 
  quantity of train oil for a par of Brass arm bands, and a hat for Som 
  fishinghooks. these hats are of their own manufactory and are Composed of 
  Cedar bark and bear grass interwoven with the fingers and ornimented with 
  various Colours and figures, they are nearly water proof, light, and I am 
  Convinced are much more dureable than either Chip or Straw, ¬ These 
  hats form a article of traffic with Clatsops an Chinnooks who dispose of 
  them to the whites, the form of the Hats is that which was in voge in the 
  U States and Great Britain in 1800 & 1801 with a high Crown rather 
  larger at the top than where it joins the brim, the brim narrow about 2 or 
  21/2 inches. 
  = 
  Several families of those people usially reside together in the Same room; 
  they appear to be the father mother with their Sons and their Sons wives 
  and children; their provisions appears to be in common and the greatest 
  harmoney appears to exist among them. the old man is not always respected 
  as the head of the family that duty generally devolves on one of the young 
  men. They have Sildom more than one wife, yet plurality of wives are not 
  denyed them by their Customs. those families when associated form bands of 
  nations each acknowledgeing the authority of its own Chieftains, who does 
  not appear to be herititary, or has power to extend further than a mear 
  repremand for any improper deportment of the indevidual; the Creation of a 
  Chief depends upon the upright Conduct of the individual his abiltity and 
  disposition to render Service to the Comunity, and his authority and the 
  defference paid him is in extent equilibrio with the popolarity or 
  volintary esteem he has acquired among the individuals of his band, or 
  nation. Their Laws like all uncivilized Indians Consist of a Set of 
  customs which has grown out of their local Situations. not being able to 
  Speak their language we have not been able to inform ourselves of the 
  existance of any peculiar Customs among them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1155-1806-01-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday January 20th 1806. Visited this morning by three Clatsops who 
  remained with us all day; the object of their visit is mearly to smoke the 
  pipe. on the morning of the eighteenth we issued 6 lbs# of jirked Elk pr# 
  man, this evening the Sergt# repoted that it was all exhausted; the six 
  lbs# have therefore lasted two days and a half only. at this rate our 
  seven Elk will last us only 3 days longer, yet no one seems much concerned 
  about the state of the stores; so much for habit. we have latterly so 
  frequently had our stock of provisions reduced to a minimum and sometimes 
  taken a small touch of fasting that three days full allowance excites no 
  concern. In those cases our skill as hunters afford us some consolation, 
  for if there is any game of any discription in our neighbourhood we can 
  track it up and kill it. most of the party have become very expert with 
  the rifle. The Indians who visited us today understood us sufficiently to 
  inform us that the whites did not barter for the pounded fish; that it was 
  purchased and consumed by the Clatsops, Chinnooks, Cathlahmah's and 
  Skillutes. The native roots which furnish a considerable proportion of the 
  subsistence of the indians in our neighbourhood are those of a species of 
  Thistle, fern and rush; the Liquorice, and a small celindric root the top 
  of which I have not yet seen, this last resembles the sweet pittatoe very 
  much in it's flavor and consistency. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1156-1806-01-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 20th January 1806 Visited this morning by three Clapsots who 
  remained with us all day; the object of their visit is mearly to Smoke the 
  pipe. on the morning of the 18 inst. we issued 6 wt. of jurked meat pr# 
  man, this evening the Serjt# reports that is all exhosted; the 6 w. have 
  therefore lasted 2 days and a half only. at this rate our Seven Elk will 
  only last us 3 days longer, yet no one appears much concerned about the 
  State of the Stores; So much for habet. we have latterly so frequently had 
  our Stock of provisions reduced to a minimum and Sometimes taken a Small 
  tuck of fasting that 3 days full allowance exites no concern. In those 
  Cases our Skill as hunters affords us Some Consolation, for if there is 
  any game of any discription in our neighbourhood we can track it up and 
  kill it. most of the party have become very expert with the rifle. The 
  Indians who visit us to day understood us Sufficiently to inform us that 
  the white who visit them did not barter for the pounded fish; that it was 
  purchased and Consumed by the Clatsops, Chin nooks, Cath lah mahs and Skil 
  lutes, and Kil a moxs. 
  = 
  The native roots which furnish a considerable proportion of the 
  Subsistance of the indians in our neighbourhoodd are those of a Species of 
  Thistle, fern, and rush; the Licquorice, and a Small celindric root the 
  top of which I have not yet Seen, this last resembles the Sweet potato 
  verry much in its flavour and Consistency. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1157-1806-01-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday January 21st 1806. Two of the hunters Shannon & Labuish 
  returned having killed three Elk. Ordered a party to go in quest of the 
  meat early tomorrow morning and the hunters to return and continue the 
  chase. the Indians left us about 12 O'Clk. The root of the thistle, called 
  by the natives shan~ne~tahque is a perpendicular fusiform and possesses 
  from two to four radicles; is from 9 to 15 Inces in length and about the 
  size a mans thumb; the rhind somewhat rough and of a brown colour; the 
  consistence when first taken from the earth is white and nearly as crisp 
  as a carrot; when prepared for uce by the same process before discribed of 
  the white bulb or pashshequo quawmash, it becomes black, and is more 
  shugary than any fuit or root that I have met with in uce among the 
  natives; the sweet is precisely that of the sugar in flavor; this root is 
  sometimes eaten also when first taken from the ground without any 
  preperation; but in this way is vastly inferior. it delights most in a 
  deep rich dry lome which has a good mixture of sand. the stem of this 
  plant is simple ascending celindric and hisped. the root leaves yet 
  possess their virdure and are about half grown of a plale green. the 
  cauline leaf as well as the stem of the last season are now dead, but in 
  rispect to it's form &c# it is simple, crenate, & oblong, reather 
  more obtuse at it's apex than at the base or insertion; it's margin armed 
  with prickles while it's disks are hairy, it's insertion decurrent and 
  position declining. the flower is also dry and mutilad. the pericarp seems 
  much like that of the common thistle. it rises to the hight of from 3 to 4 
  feet. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1158-1806-01-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 21st of January 1806 Two of the hunters Shannon & Labieche 
  returned haveing killed three Elk, ordered a party to go in quest of the 
  meat early tomorrow morning and the hunters to return and continue the 
  chase. the Indians left us about 12 oClock. 
  = 
  The root of the thistle called by the nativs Chan~ne~tak~que is 
  pirpendicular and possesses from two to 4 radicles; is from 9 to 15 inches 
  in length and is Commonly about the Size of a mans thum the rhine Somewhat 
  rough and of a brown Colour; the Consistence when first taken from the 
  earth is white and nearly as Crisp as a Carrot, when prepared for use by 
  the Same process before discribed of the white bulb or gash she quo, 
  qua~mosh, it becomes black and is more Sugary than any root I have met 
  with among the nativs; the Sweet is prosisely that of the Sugar in flavor, 
  this root is Sometimes eaten when first taken from the ground without any 
  preperation, in this way it is well tasted but soon weathers and becoms 
  hard and insipped. it delights most in a deep rich moist lome which has a 
  good mixture of Sand ¬ The Stems of this plant is Simple ascending 
  celindric and hisped. the root leaves, posses their virdue and are about 
  half grown of a deep Green. the Cauline leaf as well as the Stem of the 
  last Season are now dead, but in respect to it's form &c# it is Simple 
  Crenated and oblong, rather more obtuce at it's apex than the base or 
  insertion, it's margin armed with prickles while it's disks are hairy, its 
  insertion decurrent and position declineing. the flower is also dry and 
  mutilated the pericarp seems much like that of the Common thistle it rises 
  to the hight of from 3 to 4 feet. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1159-1806-01-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday January 22nd 1806. The party sent for the meat this morning 
  returned with it in the Evening; it was in very inferior order, in short 
  the animals were poor. Reubin Fields also remained with the other hunters 
  Shannon & Labuish our late supply of salt is out. we have not yet 
  heared a sentence from the other two parties of hunter's who are below us 
  towards Point Adams and the Praries. 
  = 
  There are three species of fern in this neighbourhood the root one of 
  which the natves eat; this grows very abundant in the open uplands and 
  praries where the latter are not sandy and consist of deep loose rich 
  black lome. the root is horizontal sometimes a little deverging or 
  obliquely descending, frequently dividing itself as it procedes into two 
  equal branches and shooting up a number of stems; it lies about 4 Inces 
  beneath the surface of the earth. the root is celindric, with few or no 
  radicles and from the size of a goose quill to that of a man's finger; the 
  center of the root is divided into two equal parts by a strong flat & 
  white ligament like a piece of thin tape on either side of this there is a 
  white substance which when the root is roasted in the embers is much like 
  wheat dough and not very unlike it in flavour, though it has also a 
  pungency which becomes more visible after you have chewed it some little 
  time; this pungency was disagreeable to me, but the natives eat it very 
  voraciously and I have no doubt but it is a very nutricious food. the bark 
  of the root is black, somewhat rough, thin and brittle, it easily 
  seperates in flakes from the part which is eaten as dose also the internal 
  liggament. this root perennil. in rich lands this plant rises to the hight 
  of from 4 to five feet. the stem is smooth celindric, slightly groved on 
  one side erect about half it's hight on the 2 first branches thence 
  reclining backwards from the grooved side; it puts forth it's branches 
  which are in reallyty long footstalks by pares from one side only and near 
  the edges of the groove, these larger footstalks are also grooved 
  cilindric and gradually tapering towards the extremity, puting forth 
  alternate footstalks on either side of the grove near it's edge; these 
  lesser footstalks the same in form as the first put forth from forty to 
  fifty alternate pinate leaves which are sessile, horizontal, multipartite 
  for half their length from the point of insertion and terminating in a 
  long shaped apex, and are also revolute with the upper disk smoth and the 
  lower slightly cottanny. these alternate leaves after proceeding half the 
  length of the footstalk cease to be partite and assume the tongue like 
  form altogether. this plant produces no flower or fruit whatever, is of a 
  fine green colour in summer and a beautiful) plant. the top is annual and 
  is of course dead at present. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1160-1806-01-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 22nd January 1806 The party Sent for the meat this morning returned 
  with it in the evening; it was in verry inferior order, in Short the 
  animals were pore. Rieuben Field Shannon and Labiech remained in the woods 
  to hunt. our late Supply of Salt is out. we have not heard a word of the 
  other hunters who are below us towards point adams and the Praries. Some 
  rain this day at intervales 
  = 
  There are three Species of fern in this neighbourhood the root one of 
  which the nativs eate; that of which the nativs eate produce no flowers 
  whatever or fruit of a fine green Colour and the top is annual, and in 
  Course dead at present. 
  = 
  I observe no difference between the licorice of this Countrey and that 
  Common to maney parts of the United States where it is sometimes 
  Cultivated in our gardins. this plant delights in a deep lose Sandy Soil; 
  here it grows verry abundant and large; the nativs roste it in the embers 
  and pound it Slightly with a Small Stick in order to make it Seperate more 
  readily from the Strong liggaments which forms the center of the root; 
  this they discard and chew and Swallow the ballance of the root; this last 
  is filled with a number of thin membrencies like network, too tough to be 
  masticated and which I find it necessary also to discard. This root when 
  roasted possesses an agreeable flavour not unlike the Sweet potato. The 
  root of the thistle (described yesterday) after undergoing the process of 
  Sweting or bakeing in a kiln is Sometimes eaten with the train oil also, 
  at other times pounded fine and mixed with Cold water, untill reduced to 
  the Consistancy of Gruel; in this way I think it verry agreeable. but the 
  most valuable of all their roots is foreign to this neighbourhood I mean 
  the Wappetoe. 
  = 
  The Wappetoe, or bulb of the Sagitifolia or common arrow head, which grows 
  in great abundance in the marshey grounds of that butifull and fertile 
  vally on the Columbia commenceing just above the quick Sand River and 
  extending downwards for about 70 miles. this bulb forms a principal 
  article of trafic between the inhabitents of the vally and those of their 
  neighbourhood or Sea coast. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1161-1806-01-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday January 23rd 1806. This morning dispatched Howard and Warner to the 
  Camp of the Saltmakes for a supply of salt. The men of the garison are 
  still busily employed in dressing Elk's skins for cloathing, they find 
  great difficulty for the want of branes; we have not soap to supply the 
  deficiency, nor can we procure ashes to make the lye; none of the pines 
  which we use for fuel affords any ashes; extrawdinary as it may seem, the 
  greene wood is consoomed without leaving the residium of a particle of 
  ashes. 
  = 
  The root of the rush used by the natives is a sollid bulb about one inch 
  in length and usually as thick as a man's thumb, of an ovate form 
  depressed on two or more sides, covered with a thin smothe black rind. the 
  pulp is white brittle and easily masticated either raw or roasted the 
  latter is the way in which it is most usually prepared for uce. this root 
  is reather insipid in point of flavour, it grows in greatest abundance 
  along the sea coast in the sandy grounds and is most used by the 
  Killamucks and those inhabiting the coast. each root sends up one stock 
  only which is annual, the root being perenniel. the bulb is attatched to 
  the bottom of the caulis or stem by a firm small and strong radicle of 
  about one Inch long; this radicle is mearly the prolongation of the caulis 
  and decends perpendicilarly; a little above the junction of this radicle 
  with the caulis, the latter is surrounded in a whorl with a set of small 
  radicles from 6 to 9 inches long which are obliquely descending. the 
  caulis is celindric erect hollow and jointed, and is about the size or 
  reather larger than the largest quill. it rises to the hight of 3 or 4 
  feet, not branching nor dose it either bear flower or seed that I can 
  discover tho I am far from denying that it dose so sometimes, but I have 
  not been able to discover it. the stem is rough like the sand rush and is 
  much like it when green or in it's succulent state. at each joint it puts 
  out from twenty to thirty long lineal stellate or radiate & horizontal 
  leaves which surround the stem. above each joint about half an inch the 
  stem is sheathed like the sand rush. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1162-1806-01-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 23rd of January 1806 This morning dispatched Howard & Werner 
  to the Camp of the Salt makers for a Supply of Salt. the men of the 
  garrison are Still busily employed in dressing Elk Skins for cloathing, 
  they fine great dificuelty for the want of branes; we have not Soap to 
  Supply the deficiency, nor can we precure ashes to make the lye; none of 
  the pine which we use for fuel afford any ashes; extrawdinary as it may 
  seem, the green wood is cosumed without leaveing the risideum of a 
  particle of ashes. 
  = 
  The root of the rush used by the nativs is a Solid bulb about one inch in 
  length and usially as thick as a mans thumb, of an ovel form depressed on 
  two or more Sides, covered with a thin black rine. the pulp is white 
  brittle and easily masticated either raw or rosted, the latter is the way 
  it is most commonly prepared for use. this root is reather insippid in 
  point of flavour, it grows in the Greatest abundance along the Sea coast 
  in the wet Sandy grounds and is most used by the Kil a mox and those 
  inhabiting the Sea coast. each root Sends up its Stalk which is annual, 
  the root being perennial. the bulb is atached to the bottom of the Stem by 
  a firm Small and Strong radicle which is mearly the prolongation of the 
  Stem which is hollow and jointed and is rather larger than the largest 
  quill. it rises to the hight of 3 or 4 feet, not branching no does it 
  either bear flower or Seed that I could discover tho I am far from denying 
  that it does So Sometimes, and perhaps every year, but I have not been 
  able to discover it, the Stem is rough like the Sand rush, and it's much 
  like it when green, at each joint it puts out from 20 to 30 radiate & 
  horizontal leaves which Surrounds the Stem. above each joint about half an 
  inch the Stem is Shethed like the Sand rush. 
  = 
  The instruments used by the nativs in digging their roots is a Strong 
  Stick of three feet and a half long Sharpened at the lower end and its 
  upper inserted into a part of an Elks or buck's horn which Serves as a 
  handle; Standing transvirsely in the Stick ¬ or it is in this form as 
  thus A is the lower part which is a little hooked B is the upper part or 
  handle of Horn. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1163-1806-01-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 24th 1806. Drewyer and Baptiest La Paage returned this 
  morning in a large Canoe with Comowooll and six Clatsops. they brought two 
  deer and the flesh of three Elk & one Elk's skin, having given the 
  flesh of one other Elk which they killed and three Elk's skins to the 
  Indians as the price of their assistance in transporting the ballance of 
  the meat to the Fort; these Elk and deer were killed near point Adams and 
  the Indians carryed them on their backs about six miles, before the waves 
  were sufficiently low to permit their being taken on board their canoes. 
  the Indians remained with us all day. The Indians witnissed Drewyer's 
  shooting some of those Elk, which has given them a very exalted opinion of 
  us as marksmen and the superior excellence of our rifles compared with 
  their guns; this may probably be of service to us, as it will deter them 
  from any acts of hostility if they have ever meditated any such. My 
  Air~gun also astonishes them very much, they cannot comprehend it's 
  shooting so often and without powder; and think that it is great medicine 
  which comprehends every thing that is to them incomprehensible. 
  = 
  I observe no difference between the liquorice of this country and that 
  common to many parts of the United states where it is also sometimes 
  cultivated in our gardens. this plant delights in a deep loose sandy soil; 
  here it grows very abundant and large; the natives roast it in the embers 
  and pound it slightly with a small stick in order to make it seperate more 
  readily from the strong liggament which forms the center of the root; this 
  the natives discard and chew and swallow the ballance of the root; this 
  last is filled with a number of thin membrenacious lamela like net work, 
  too tough to be masticated and which I find it necessary also to discard. 
  this root when roasted possesses an agreeable flavour not unlike the sweet 
  pittaitoe. beside the small celindric root mentioned on the 20th inst#, 
  they have also another about the same form size and appearance which they 
  use much with the train oil, this root is usually boiled; to me it 
  possesses a disagreeable bitterness. the top of this plant I have never 
  yet seen. The root of the thistle after undergoing the prossess of 
  sweating or baking in a kiln is sometimes eaten with the train oil also, 
  and at other times pounded fine and mixed with could water untill reduced 
  to the consistency of sagamity or indian mush; in this way I think it very 
  agreeable. but the most valuable of all their roots is foreign to this 
  neighbourhood I mean the Wappetoe, or the bulb of the Sagitifolia or 
  common arrow head, which grows in great abundance in the marshey grounds 
  of that beatifull and firtile valley on the Columbia commencing just above 
  the entrance of Quicksand River, and extending downwards for about 70 
  Miles. this bulb forms a principal article of traffic between the 
  inhabitants of the valley and those of this neighbourhood or sea coast. 
  The instrument used by the natives in diging their roots is a strong stick 
  of 31/2 feet long sharpened at the lower end and it's upper inscerted into 
  a part of an Elks or buck's horn which serves as a handle, standing 
  transversely with the stick or it is in this form A the lower point, B the 
  upper part or handle. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1164-1806-01-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 24th of January 1806 Drewyer and Bapteist laPage returned this 
  morning in a large Canoe with Commowol and six Clatsops. they brought two 
  Deer and three Elk and one elk Skin, haveing given the flesh of one other 
  Elk they killed and three Elk skins to the Indians as the price of their 
  assistance in transporting the ballance of the meat to the Fort; these 
  Deer and Elk were killed near pt# Adams and those Indians Carried them on 
  their Backs near 4 miles, before the waves were Sufficiently low to permit 
  their being taken on board their Canoes. The indians remain'd with us all 
  day. The Clapsots witnessed Drewyers Shooting Some of those Elk, which has 
  given them a very exolted opinion of us as marksmen and the Superior 
  excellency of our rifles Compared with their guns; this may probably be of 
  service to us, as it will deter them from any acts of hostility if they 
  have ever meditated any such. 
  = 
  our air gun also astonishes them very much, they Cannot Comprehend its 
  Shooting So often and without powder, and think that it is great medison 
  which Comprehends every thing that is to them incomprehensible. 
  = 
  The nativs of this neighbourhood ware no further Covering than a light 
  roabe, their feet legs & every other part exposed to the frost Snow 
  & ice &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1165-1806-01-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday January 25th 1806. Commowooll and the Clatsops departed early this 
  morning. At meridian Colter returned and repoted that his comrade hunter 
  Willard had continued his hunt from point Adams towards the salt makers; 
  and that they had killed only those two deer which the Indians brought 
  yesterday. In the evening Collins one of the saltmakers returned and 
  reported that they had mad about one bushel of salt & that himself and 
  two others had hunted from the salt camp for five days without killing any 
  thing and they had been obliged to subsist on some whale which they 
  procured from the natives. 
  = 
  The native fruits and buries in uce among the Indians of this 
  neighbourhood are a deep purple burry about the size of a small cherry 
  called by them Shal~lun, a small pale red bury called Sol'~me; the vineing 
  or low Crambury, a light brown bury reather larger and much the shape of 
  the black haw; and a scarlet bury about the size of a small cherry the 
  plant called by the Canadin Engages of the N# W# sac a commis produces 
  this bury; this plant is so called from the circumstance of the Clerks of 
  those trading companies carrying the leaves of this plant in a small bag 
  for the purpose of smokeing of which they are excessively fond. the 
  Indians call this bury  ¿¿ 
  = 
  I have lately learned that the natives whome I have heretofore named as 
  distinct nations, living on the sea coast S# E# of the Killamucks, are 
  only bands of that numerous nation, which continues to extend itself much 
  further on that coast than I have enumerated them, but of the particular 
  appellations of those distant bands I have not yet been enabled to inform 
  myself; their language also is somewhat different from the Clatsops 
  Chinnooks and Cathlahmahs; but I have not yet obtaind a vocabulary which I 
  shall do the first oportunity which offers. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1166-1806-01-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 25th of January 1806 Commowol and the Clatsops departed early this 
  morning. Colter returned and reported that his comrade hunter Willard had 
  Continued his hunt from Point Adams towards the Saltmakers; and that they 
  had killed only those two deer which the indians brought yesterday; in the 
  evening Collins one of the Saltmakers returned and reported that they had 
  made about one bushel of Salt and that himself and two others had hunted 
  from the Salt Camp for five days without killing any thing and they had 
  been obliged to Subsist on Some whale which they purchased from the 
  nativs. 
  = 
  The native fruits and berries in use among the Indians of this 
  neighbourhood are a Deep purple about the Size of a Small cherry called by 
  them Shal lun, a Small pale red berry called Sol me; the vineing or low 
  brown berry, a light brown berry rather larger and much the Shape of a 
  black haw; and a Scarlet berry about the Size of a Small Chirry the plant 
  Called by the Canadian Engages of the N# W# Sac a commis produces this 
  berry; this plant is So Called from the circumstances of the Clerks of 
  these tradeing Companies Carrying the leaves of this plant in a Small bag 
  for the purpose of Smokeing of which they are excessively fond the Indians 
  Call this berry  ¿¿ 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1167-1806-01-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday January 26th 1806. Werner and Howard who were sent for salt on the 
  23rd have not yet returned, we are apprehensive that they have missed 
  their way; neither of them are very good woodsmen, and this thick heavy 
  timbered pine country added to the constant cloudy weather makes it 
  difficult for even a good woodsman to steer for any considerable distance 
  the course he wishes. we ordered Collins to return early in the morning 
  and rejoin the salt makers, and gave him some small articles of 
  merchandize to purchase provisions from the Indians, in the event of their 
  still being unfortunate in the chase. The Shallun or deep purple berry is 
  in form much like the huckkleberry and terminates bluntly with a kind of 
  cap or cover at the end like that fruit; they are attatched seperately to 
  the sides of the boughs of the shrub by a very short stem hanging 
  underneath the same and are frequently placed very near each other on the 
  same bough; it is a full bearer. the berry is easily geathered as it 
  seperates from the bough readily, while the leaf is strongly affixed. the 
  shrub which produces this fruit rises to the hight of 6 or 8 feet 
  sometimes grows on the high lands but moste generally in the swampy or 
  marshey grounds; it is an evergreen. the stem or trunk is from three to 10 
  Inches in circumference irregularly and much branched, seldom more than 
  one steem proceding from the same root, tho they are frequently associated 
  very thickly. the bark is somewhat rough and of a redish brown colour. the 
  wood is very firm and hard. the leaves are alternate declining and 
  attatched by a short fotstalk to the two horizontal sides of the boughs; 
  the form is a long oval, reather more accute towards its apex than at the 
  point of insertion; it's margin slightly serrate, it's sides colapsing or 
  partially foalding upwards or channelled; it is also thick firm smothe and 
  glossey, the upper surface of a fine deep green, while the under disk is 
  of a pale or whiteish green. this shrub retains it's virdure very 
  perfectly during the winter and is a beautifull shrub. the natives 
  either eat these berrys when ripe immediately from the bushes or dryed in 
  the sun or by means of their sweating kilns; very frequently they pound 
  them and bake then in large loaves of 10 or fifteen pounds; this bread 
  keeps very well during one season and retains the moist jeucies of the 
  fruit much better than by any other method of preservation. this bread is 
  broken and stired in could water until it be sufficiently thick and then 
  eaten; in this way the natives most generally use it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1168-1806-01-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 26th of January 1806 We order Collins to return early in the 
  morning and join the Salt makers, and gave him Some Small articles of 
  merchendize to purchase Some provisions from the indians in the event of 
  their Still being unfortunate in the chase. 
  = 
  The or deep purple berry is in form much like the huckleberry and 
  termonate bluntly with a kind of Cap or cover at the end like that fruit; 
  they are attached Seperately to the Sides of the boughes of the shrub by a 
  very Short Stem ganging under neath the Same, and are frequently placed 
  verry near each other on the Same bough it is a full bearer; the berry is 
  easily gathered as it Seperates from the bough, readily, while the leaf is 
  Strongly affixed. the Shrub which produces this fruit rises to the hight 
  of 6 or 8 feet Sometimes grows on high lands but most frequently in Swampy 
  or marshey grounds; it is an ever green. the Stem or trunk is from 3 to 10 
  inches in circumferance irrigularly and much branched, Seldom more than 
  one Stem proceeding from the Same root, tho they are frequently associated 
  very thickly. the bark is Somewhat rough and of a redish brown Colour. the 
  wood is very firm and hard. the leaves are alternate declining and attachd 
  by a Short fotstalk to the two horozontal Sides of the bough's; the form 
  is a long oval, reather more accute towards its apex that at the point of 
  insertion; it's Sides partially folding upwards; or Channeled, it is also 
  thick Smothe and glossy, the upper Surfice of a fine deep green, while the 
  under disk is of a pale or whiteish green. this Shrub retains its verdure 
  verry perfectly dureing the winter and is a butifull Shrub. the nativs 
  either eate those berries ripe imediately from the bushes, or dried in the 
  Sun or by means of the Swetting kiln; verry frequently they pound them and 
  bake them in large loaves 10 or 15 pounds weight; this bread keeps verry 
  well dureing one Season and retains the moist jouicies of the frute much 
  better than any other method of preperation. The bread is broken and 
  Stured in Coald water untill it be Sufficiently thick and then eaten, in 
  this way the nativ's most generally use it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1169-1806-01-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday January 27th 1806. This morning Collins set out for the Salt 
  works. in the evening Shannon returned and reported that himself and party 
  had killed ten Elk. he left Labuche and R# fields with the Elk. two of 
  those Elk he informed us were at the distance of nine miles from this 
  place near the top of a mountain, that the rout by which they mus be 
  brought was at least four miles by land through a country almost 
  inaccessible from the fallen timber, brush and sink~holes, which were now 
  disgused by the snow; we therefore concluded to relinquish those two Elk 
  for the present, and ordered every man who could be speared from the fort 
  to go early in the morning in surch of the other eight. 
  = 
  Goodrich has recovered from the Louis veneri which he contracted from an 
  amorous contact with a Chinnook damsel. I cured him as I did Gibson last 
  winter by the uce of murcury. I cannot learn that the Indians have any 
  simples which are sovereign specifics in the cure of this disease; and 
  indeed I doubt very much wheter any of them have any means of effecting a 
  perfect cure. when once this disorder is contracted by them it continues 
  with them during life; but always ends in decipitude, death, or premature 
  old age; tho from the uce of certain simples together with their diet, 
  they support this disorder with but little inconvenience for many years, 
  and even enjoy a tolerable share of health; particularly so among the 
  Chippeways who I believe to be better skilled in the uce of those simples 
  than any nation of Savages in North America. The Chippeways use a 
  decoction of the root of the Lobelia, and that of a species of sumac 
  common to the Atlantic states and to this country near and on the Western 
  side of the Rocky Mountains. this is the smallest species of the sumac, 
  readily distinguished by it's winged rib, or common footstalk, which 
  supports it's oppositely pinnate leaves. these decoctions are drank freely 
  and without limitation. the same decoctions are used in cases of the 
  gonnaerea and are effecatious and sovereign. notwithstanding that this 
  disorder dose exist among the Indians on the Columbia yet it is witnessed 
  in but few individuals, at least the males who are always sufficiently 
  exposed to the observations or inspection of the phisician. in my whole 
  rout down this river I did not see more than two or three with the 
  gonnaerea and about double that number with the pox. 
  = 
  The beary which the natives call solme is the production of a plant about 
  the size and much the shape of that common to the atlantic states which 
  produces the berry commonly called Solloman's seal berry. this berry also 
  is attatched to the top of the stem in the same manner; and is of a 
  globelar form, consisting of a thin soft pellecle which encloses a soft 
  pulp inveloping from three to four seeds, white, firm, smothe, and in the 
  form of a third or quarter of a globe, and large in proportion to the 
  fruit or about the size of the seed of the common small grape. this berry 
  when grown and unripe is not speckled as that of the Solomon's seal berry 
  is; this last has only one globular smoth white firm seed in each 
  berry.the Solme grows in the woodlands among the moss and is an annual 
  plant to all appearance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1170-1806-01-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 27th January 1806 This morning Collins Set out to the Saltmakers 
  Shannon returned and reported that himself and party had killed 10 Elk. he 
  lef Labiech & R Field with the Elk, two of those Elk he informed us 
  was at the distance of 9 miles from this place near the top of a mountain, 
  that the rout by which they must be brought was at least 5 miles by land 
  thro a Countrey almost inexcessable, from the fallen timber brush, and 
  Sink holes, which were now disguised by the Snow; we therefore Concluded 
  to relinquish those two Elks for the present, and ordered every man that 
  Could be Speared from the Fort to go early in the morning in Serch of the 
  other Eight, which is at no great distance from the Netul river, on which 
  we are. Goudrich has recoverd from the louis veneri which he contracted 
  from a amorous Contact with a Chinnook damsel. he was Cured as Gibson was 
  with murcury by  ¿¿  I cannot lern that the Indians have any Simples 
  Sovereign Specifics in the cure of this disease; indeed I doubt verry much 
  whether any of them have any means of effecting a perfect cure. when once 
  this disorder is contracted by them it Continues with them dureing life; 
  but always ends in decepitude, death; or premature old age; tho from the 
  use of certain Simples together with their diet, they Support this 
  disorder with but little inconveniance for maney years, and even enjoy a 
  tolerable Share of health; particularly So among the Chippeways who I 
  beleive to be better Skilled in the use of those Simples than any nation 
  of Indians in North America. The Chippaways use a decoction of the root of 
  the Labelia, and that of a Species of Sumac Common to the Atlantic States 
  and to this countrey near and on the western Side of the Rocky mountains. 
  This is the Smallest Specis of Sumake, readily distinguished by it's 
  winged rib, or common footstalk, which Supports it's oppositly pinnate 
  leaves. these decoctions are drank freely and without limatation. the Same 
  decoctions are used also in cases of the gonnarea and are effecatious and 
  sovereign. notwithstanding that this disorder does exist among the indians 
  on the Columbia yet it is witnessed in but fiew individuals high up the 
  river, or at least the males who are always Sufficiently exposed to the 
  observation or inspection of the phisician. in my whole rout down this 
  river I did not See more than two or three with Gonnarea and about double 
  that number with the Pox. 
  = 
  The berry which the nativs Call Sol me is the production of a plant about 
  the Size and much the Shape of that Common to the atlantic States which 
  produces the berry Commonly Called Sollomons Seal berry this berry is also 
  attached to the top of the Stem in the Same manner; and is of a globular 
  form Consisting of a thin Soft Pellicle rine which encloses a Soft 
  Pellicle pulp inveloping from 3 to 4 Seed, white firm, Smothe, and in the 
  form of a third or a quarter of a Globe, and large in perportion to the 
  fruit, or about the Size of the Seed of the Common Small grape. the berry 
  when grown and unripe is not Specked as the Solomon's seal Berry is; this 
  last haveing only one Globaler Smothe, ferm, white Seed in each berry. 
  the Sol me grows in the wood lands amonge the moss and on the high ridges. 
  and is an annual plant to all appearance 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1171-1806-01-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday January 28th 1806. Drewyer and Baptiest La Page set out this 
  morning on a hunting excurtion. about noon Howard and Werner returned with 
  a supply of salt; the badness of the weather and the difficulty of the 
  road had caused their delay. they inform us that the salt makers are still 
  much straitened for provision, having killed two deer only in the last six 
  days; and that there are no Elk in their neighbourhood. The party that 
  were sent this morning up Netul river for the Elk returned in the even ing 
  with three of them only; the Elk had been killed just before the snow fell 
  which had covered them and so altered the apparent face of the country 
  that the hunters could not find the Elk which they had killed. the river 
  on which Fort Clatsop stands we now call Ne~tul, this being the name by 
  which the Clatsops call it. 
  = 
  The Cranbury of this neighbourhood is precisely the same common to the U 
  States, and is the production of marshey or boggy grounds. The light brown 
  berry, is the fruit of a tree about the size shape and appearance in every 
  rispect with that in the U# States called the wild crab apple; the leaf is 
  also precisely the same as is also the bark in texture and colour. the 
  berrys grow in clumps at the end of the small branches; each berry 
  supported by a seperate stem, and as many as from 3 to 18 or 20 in a 
  clump. the berry is ovate with one of it's extremities attatched to the 
  peduncle, where it is in a small degre concave like the insertion of the 
  stem of the crab apple. I know not whether this fruit can properly be 
  denominated a berry, it is a pulpy pericarp, the outer coat of which is in 
  a thin smoth, tho firm tough pillecle; the pericarp containing a 
  membranous capsule with from three to four cells, each containing a 
  seperate single seed in form and colour like that of the wild crab. The 
  wood of this tree is excessively hard when seasoned. the natives make 
  great uce of it to form their wedges with which they split their boards of 
  pine for the purpose of building houses. these wedges they also employ in 
  spliting their fire~wood and in hollowing out their canoes. I have seen 
  the natives drive the wedges of this wood into solid dry pine which it 
  cleft without fracturing or injuring the wedg in the smallest degree. we 
  have also found this wood usefull to us for ax handles as well as glutts 
  or wedges. the native also have wedges made of the beams of the Elk's 
  horns which appear to answer extremely well. this fruit is exceedingly 
  assid, and resembles the flavor of the wild crab. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1172-1806-01-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 28th January 1806 Drewyer and Baptiest Lapage Set out this 
  morning on a hunting excurtion. about noon Howard & Werner returned 
  with a Supply of Salt; the badness of the weather and the dificuelty of 
  the road had detained them. they informed us that the Salt makers are 
  Still much Stratened for provisions haveing killed two deer only in the 
  last Six days; and that there are no Elk in their neighbourhood. 
  = 
  The party that was Sent up the Netul river for the Elk returned this 
  evening with three of them only; The Elk had been killed just before the 
  Snow fell which had Covered them and So altered the apparant face of the 
  Countrey that the hunters Could not find them. The River on which Fort 
  Clat Sop Stands we now call Netul, this being the name by which the 
  Clatsops Call it. 
  = 
  The Cranberry of this neighbourhood is precisely the Same Common to the 
  united States, and is the production of boggy or mashey grounds. . 
  = 
  The light~brown berry, is the fruit of a tree, about the Size Shape and 
  appearance in every respect with that in the united States called the wild 
  Crab apple; the leaf is also presisely the Same as is also the bark in 
  textue and colour. the berry grows in Clumps at the ends of the Smaller 
  branches; each berry Supported by a Stem, and as maney as from 3 to 18 or 
  20 in a Clump. the berry is oval with one of its extremitis attatched to 
  the peduncle, where it is in a Small degree Concave like the insersion of 
  the Stem of the Crab apple. I know not whether this fruit Can properly be 
  denomonated a berry, it is a pulpy pericarp, the outer coat of which is a 
  thin Smothe, capsule with from three to four Cells, each containing a 
  Seperate Single Seed in form and Colour like that of the wild Crab apple 
  The wood of this tree is excessively hard when Seasoned. The nativs make 
  great use of it to form their wedges of which they Split their boards of 
  Pine for the purpose of building houses. those wedges they employ in 
  common with those formed of the Elks horn, in Splitting their fire wood 
  and in hollowing out their Canoes. I have Seen the nativs drive the wedges 
  of this wood into a solid dry pine which it cleft without fractureing 
  injuring the wedge in the Smallest degree. we have also found this wood 
  useful) to us for ax handles, as well as glutt or wedges. The bark of this 
  tree is chewed by our party in place of tobacco. 
  = 
  The fruit is exceedingly ascid and resembles the flavor of the wild Crab. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1173-1806-01-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday January 29th 1806. Nothing worthy of notice occurred today. our 
  fare is the flesh of lean elk boiled with pure water, and a little salt. 
  the whale blubber which we have used very sparingly is now exhausted. on 
  this food I do not feel strong, but enjoy the most perfect health; a 
  keen appetite supplys in a great degree the want of more luxurious sauses 
  or dishes, and still render my ordinary meals not uninteresting to me, for 
  I find myself sometimes enquiring of the cook whether dinner or breakfast 
  is ready. 
  = 
  The Sac a commis is the growth of high dry situations, and invariably in a 
  piney country or on it's borders. it is generally found in the open piney 
  woodland as on the Western side of the Rocky mountain but in this 
  neighbourhood we find it only in the praries or on their borders in the 
  more open wood lands; a very rich soil is not absolutely necessary, as a 
  meager one frequently produces it abundantly. the natives on this side of 
  the Rockey mountains who can procure this berry invariably use it; to me 
  it is a very tasteless and insippid fruit. this shrub is an evergreen, the 
  leaves retain their virdure most perfectly through the winter even in the 
  most rigid climate as on lake Winnipic. the root of this shrub puts forth 
  a great number of stems which seperate near the surface of the ground; 
  each stem from the size of a small quill to that of a man's finger; these 
  are much branched the branches forming an accute angle with the stem, and 
  all more poperly pocumbent than creeping, for altho it sometimes puts 
  forth radicles from the stem and branches which strike obliquely into the 
  ground, these radicles are by no means general, equable in their distances 
  from each other nor do they appear to be calculated to furnish nutriment 
  to the plant but reather to hold the stem or branch in it's place. the 
  bark is formed of several thin layers of a smoth thin brittle substance of 
  a dark or redish brown colour easily seperated from the woody stem in 
  flakes. the leaves with rispect to their position are scatered yet closely 
  arranged near the extremities of the twigs particularly. the leaf is about 
  3/4 of an inch in length and about half that in width, is oval but 
  obtusely pointed, absolutely entire, thick, smoth, firm, a deep green and 
  slightly grooved. the leaf is supported by a small footstalk of 
  proportionable length. the berry is attatched in an irregular and 
  scattered manner to the small boughs among the leaves, tho frequently 
  closely arranged, but always supported by seperate short and small 
  peduncles, the insertion of which poduces a slight concavity in the bury 
  while it's opposite side is slightly convex; the form of the berry is a 
  spheroid; the shorter diameter being in a line with the peduncle. this 
  berry is a pericarp the outer coat of which is a thin firm tough pellicle, 
  the inner part consists of a dry mealy powder of a yellowish white colour 
  invelloping from four to six proportionably large hard light brown seeds 
  each in the form of a section of a spheroid which figure they form when 
  united, and are destitute of any membranous covering. the colour of 
  this fruit is a fine scarlet. the natives usually eat them without any 
  preperation. the fruit ripens in september and remains on the bushes all 
  winter. the frost appears to take no effect on it. these berries are 
  sometimes geathered and hung in their lodges in bags where they dry 
  without further trouble, for in their most succulent state they appear to 
  be almost as dry as flour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1174-1806-01-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 29th January 1806 Nothing worthey of notice occured to day. our 
  fare is the flesh of lean Elk boiled with pure water and a little Salt. 
  the whale blubber which we have used very Spearingly is now exhosted. on 
  this food I do not feel Strong, but enjoy tolerable health. a keen 
  appetite Supplies in a great degree the want of more luxurious Sauses or 
  dishes, and Still renders my ordanary meals not uninteresting to me, for I 
  find myself Sometimes enquireing of the Cook whether dinner Supper or 
  Brackfast is readyindeed my appetite is but Seldom gratified, not even 
  after I have eaten what I conceve a Sufficency. 
  = 
  Maney of the nativs of the Columbia were hats & most commonly of a 
  conic figure without a brim confined on the head by means of a String 
  which passes under the chin and is attached to the two opposit Sides of a 
  Secondary rim within the hat ¬ the hat at top termonates in a pointed 
  knob of a conic form, or in this Shape. these hats are made of the bark of 
  Cedar and beargrass wrought with the fingers So closely that it Casts the 
  rain most effectually in the Shape which they give them for their own use 
  or that just discribed, on these hats they work various figures of 
  different colours, but most commonly only black and white are employed. 
  these figures are faint representations of the whales, the Canoes, and the 
  harpooners Strikeing them. Sometimes Square dimonds triangle &c# The 
  form of a knife which Seems to be prefured by those people is a double 
  Edged and double pointed dagger the handle being near the middle, the 
  blades of uneaquel length, the longest from 9 to 10 incs. and the Shorter 
  one from 3 to 5 inches. those knives they Carry with them habitually and 
  most usially in the hand, Sometimes exposed, when in Company with 
  Strangers under their Robes with this knife they Cut & Clense their 
  fish make their arrows &c# this is the form of the Knife A is a Small 
  loop of a Strong twine throng through which they Sometimes they incert the 
  thumb in order to prevent it being wrested from their hand. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1175-1806-01-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday January 30th 1806. Nothing transpired today worthy of notice. we 
  are agreeably disappointed in our fuel which is altogether green pine. we 
  had supposed that it burn but illy, but we have found that by spliting it 
  that it burns very well. The dress of the Clatsops and others in this 
  neighbourhood differs but little from that discribed of the skillutes; 
  they never wear leggins or mockersons which the mildness of this climate I 
  presume has rendered in a great measure unnecessary; and their being 
  obliged to be frequently in the water also renders those articles of dress 
  inconvenient. they wear a hat of a conic figure without a brim confined on 
  the head by means of a string which passes under the chin and is attatched 
  to the two opsite sides of a secondary rim within the hat. the hat at top 
  terminates in a pointed knob of a connic form also, or in this shape. 
  these hats are made of the bark of cedar and beargrass wrought with the 
  fingers so closely that it casts the rain most effectually in the shape 
  which they give them for their own uce or that just discribed. on these 
  hats they work various figures of different colours, but most commonly 
  only black and white are employed. these figures are faint representations 
  of whales the canoes and the harpoonneers striking them. sometimes squares 
  dimonds triangles &c# The form of knife which seems to be prefered by 
  these people is a double edged and double pointed daggar; the handle being 
  in the middle, and the blades of unequal lengths, the longest usually from 
  9 to ten inches and the shorter one from four to five. these knives they 
  carry with them habitually and most usually in the hand, sometimes exposed 
  but most usually particularly when in company with strangers, under their 
  robes with this knife they cut and clense their fish make their arrows 
  &c# this is somewhat the form of the knife ¬ A is a small loop of 
  a strong twine through which they sometimes insert the thumb in order to 
  prevent it's being wrested from their hand. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1176-1806-01-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Fort Clatsop on the Pacific Ocian on the South Side of the Columbia River 
  Thursday 30th January 1806 Nothing transpired to day worthey of notice. we 
  are agreeably disapointed in our fuel which is altogether green pine. we 
  had Supposed that it burned badly, but we have found by Spliting it burns 
  very well. 
  = 
  The dress of the Clatsops and others of the nativs in the neighbourhood 
  differ but little from that described of the Skilutes and Wau ki a cums; 
  they never ware ligins or mockersons which the mildness of the Climate I 
  presume has rendered in a great measure unnecessary; and their being 
  obliged to be frequently in the water also renders those articles of dress 
  inconveniant. 
  = 
  The Sac~a commis is the groth of high dry Situations, and invariably in a 
  piney Country, or on its borders; it is Generally found in the open piney 
  woodlands as on the Western Side of the Rocky mountains but in this 
  neighbourhood we find it in the praries or on the borders in the more open 
  woodland's; a very rich Soil is not absolutely necessary, as a meager one 
  frequently produces it abundantly. the nativs on the West side of the 
  Rocky mountains who can precure this berry invariably use it; to me it is 
  a very tasteless and insipid frute. This Shrub is an evergreen, the leaves 
  retain their virdue most perfectly throughout the winter even in the most 
  rigid climate as on Lake Winnipic. the root of this shrub puts foth a 
  great number of Stems, which seperate near the surface of the ground; each 
  Stem from the size of a Small quill, to that of a mans finger. These are 
  much branched forming an accute angle with the Stem, and all more properly 
  procumbent than crossing, for altho it sometimes puts foth radicles from 
  the Stems and branches which Strike obliquely into the ground, those 
  radicles are by no means general, equable in their distances from each 
  other nor do they appear to be calculated to furnish nutriment to the 
  plant but rather to hold the Stem or branch in its place. the bark is 
  formed of several thin layers of a Smothe thin brittle substance of a 
  redish brown colour easily seperated from the woody Stem in flakes. the 
  leaves with respect to their possition are scatter'd yet closely arranged 
  near the extremities of the twigs particularly. the leaves are about 3/4 
  of an inch in length and about half that in width, is oval but obtusely 
  pointed, absolutely entire, thick, Smoth, firm, a deep green and slightly 
  grooved. the leaf is Supported by a Small footstalk of preportionable 
  length. the berry is attached in an irregular and Scattered manner to the 
  Small boughs among the leaves, tho frequently Closely arranged, but always 
  Supported by a Seperate Short and Small peduncles, the incersion of which 
  produces a Small concavity in the berry while its opposit side is Slightly 
  convex; the form of the berry is a Spheroid, the Shorter diameter being in 
  a line with the peduncle or Stem. this berry is a pericarp the outer Coat 
  of which is a thin firm tough pellicle, the inner part consists of dry 
  mealy powder of a yellowish white colour invelloping from four to six 
  propotionably large hard light brown seeds each in the form of section of 
  a spheroid which figure they form when united, and are distitute of any 
  membranous covering. the colour of this fruit is a fine scarlet. the 
  nativs usually eat them without any preparation. the fruit ripens in 
  September and remains on the bushes all winter. the frost appears to take 
  no effects on it. these berries are Sometimes gathered and hung in their 
  houses in bags where they dry without further trouble, for in their 
  succulent State they appear to be almost as dry as flour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1177-1806-01-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  January 31, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday January 31st 1806. Sent a party of eight men up the river this 
  morning to renew their surch for the Elk and also to hunt; they proceded 
  but a few miles before they found the river so obstructed with ice that 
  they were obliged to return. Joseph Fields arrived this evening, informed 
  us that he had been hunting in company with Gibson and Willard for the 
  last five days in order to obtain some meat for himself and the other Salt 
  makers, and that he had been unsuccessfull untill yesday evening when he 
  had fortunately killed two Elk, about six miles distant from this place 
  and about 8 from the salt works; he left Gibson and Willard to dry the 
  meat of these Elk and had come for the assistance of some men to carry the 
  meat to the salt camp; for this purpose we ordered four men to accompany 
  him early in the morning. discovered that McNeal had the pox, gave him 
  medecine. Charbono found a bird dead lying near the fort this morning and 
  brought it to me I immediately recognized it to be of the same kind of 
  that which I had seen in the Rocky mountains on the morning of the 20th of 
  September last. this bird is about the size as near as may be of the 
  robbin. it's contour also is precisely the same with that bird. it 
  measures one foot 31/4 Inches from tip to tip of the wings when extended. 
  91/4 inches from the extremity of the beak to that of the tail. the tail 
  is 33/4 inches in length, and composed of eleven feathers of the same 
  length. The beak is smoth, black, convex and cultrated; one and 1/8 inches 
  from the point to the opening of the chaps and 3/4 only uncovered with 
  feathers; the upper chap exceeds the other a little in length. a few small 
  black hairs garnish the sides of the base of the upper chap. the eye is of 
  a uniform deep sea green or black, moderately large. it's legs feet and 
  tallons are white; the legs are an inch and a 1/4 in length and smoth; 
  four toes on each foot, of which that in front is the same length with the 
  leg including the length of the tallon, which is 4 lines; the three 
  remaining toes are 3/4 of an inch, each armed with proportionably long 
  tallons. the toes are slightly imbricated. the tallons are curved and 
  sharply pointed. The crown of the head from the beak back to the neck, the 
  back of the neck imbracing reather more than half the circumpherence of 
  the neck, the back and tale, are of bluish dark brown; the two outer 
  feathers of the tale have a little dash of white near their tips not 
  percemtible when the tail is foalded. a fine black forms the ground of the 
  wings; two stripes of the same colour pass on either side of the head from 
  the base of the beak along the side of the head to it's junction with the 
  neck, and imbraces the eye to it's upper edge; a third stripe of the same 
  colour 3/4 of an inch in width passes from the sides of the neck just 
  above the butts of the wings across the croop in the form of a gorget. the 
  throat or under part of the neck brest and belly is of a fine yellowish 
  brick red. a narrow stripe of this colour also commences just above the 
  center of each eye, and extends backwards to the neck as far as the black 
  stripe reaches before discribed, to which, it appears to answer as a 
  border. the feathers which form the 1st and second ranges of the coverts 
  of the two joints of the wing next the body, are beautifully tiped with 
  this brick red; as is also each large feather of the wing on the short 
  side of it's plumage for 1/2 an inch in length commening at the extremity 
  of the feathers which form the first or main covert of the wing. this is a 
  beatifull little bird. I have never heard it's note it appears to be 
  silent. it feeds on berries, and I beleive is a rare bird even in this 
  country, or at least this is the second time only that I have seen it. between 
  the legs of this bird the feathers are white, and those which form the 
  tuft underneath the tail are a mixture of white and a brick red. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1178-1806-01-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  January 31, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday January 31st 1806 Sent a party of Eight men with the hunters to 
  renew their Serch for the Elk, and also to hunt; they proceeded but a fiew 
  miles before they found the river So obstructed with ice that they were 
  obliged to return. Jo# Field arrives this evening, informs us That he had 
  been hunting in Company with gibson and willard for the last four days in 
  order to obtain some meat for himself and the other Salt~makers, and that 
  he had been unsucksessfull untill yesterday evening when he had 
  fortunately killed two Elk, about six miles distant from this place and 
  about 8 from the Salt works; he left gibson and willard to dry the meat of 
  those Elk, and had come for assistance to carry the meat to the Salt Camp; 
  for this purpose we ordered four men to accompany him early in the 
  morning. discovered that McNeal had the pox, gave him medicine. Chabono 
  found a bird dead lying near the Fort this morning and brought it in, I 
  reconized it to be the Same kind of that which I had Seen in the Rocky 
  Mountains at severl different times# this berd is about the Size as near 
  as may be of the robin. it's contour is also presisely the Same with that 
  bird. it measured one foot 3/4 inches from tip to tip of the wings when 
  extended. 91/4 inches from the extremity of the beak to that of the tail. 
  the tail is 33/4 inches in length, and Composed of 11 feathers of the Same 
  length. The beak is Smoth, black, convex and cultrated; 1 1/8 inchs from 
  the point to the opening of the Chaps and 3/4 only uncovered with 
  feathers, the upper Chap exceeds the other a little in length. a fiew 
  Small black hairs garnish the Side of the upper chap. The Eye is of a 
  uniform deep Sea green or black, moderately large. it's legs feet and 
  tallants are white; the legs are of 11/4 in length and Smoth; four toes on 
  each foot, of which that in front is the Same length of the leg including 
  the tallants, which is 4 lines; the 3 remaining toes are 3/4 of an inch, 
  each armed with proportianably large tallons. the toes are Slightly 
  imbricated. the tallons are curved and Sharply pointed. The Crown of the 
  head from the beak back to the neck imbracing rather more than half the 
  circumphrence of the neck, the Back and tail is of a bluish dark brown; 
  the two outer feathers of the tail have a little dash of white near the 
  tips, not proceivable when the tail is foalded. a fine black forms the 
  ground of the wings; two Stripes of the same colour passes on either side 
  of the Head from the base of the Back along the Side of the head to it's 
  junction with the neck, and embraces the eye to its upper edge; a third 
  Stripe of the Same Colour 3/4 of an inch in width passes from the Side of 
  the neck just above the buts of the wings across the troop in the form of 
  a gorget. the throat or under part of the neck brest and belly is of a 
  fine Yellowish brick red. a narrow Stripe of this Colour also Commences 
  just above the center of each eye, and extends backwards to the Neck as 
  far as the black Spots reaches before discribed, to which it appears to 
  answer as a border. the feathers which form the 1st and Second range of 
  the coverts of the two joints of the wings next the body are butifully 
  aped with this Brick red; as is also each large feather of the wing on the 
  Short Side of its plumage for 1/2 an inch in length Comencing at the 
  extremity of the feather which form the first or main Covert of the wing. 
  This is a butifull little bird. I have never herd its notes it appears to 
  be Silent. it feeds on berries, and I believe is a rare bird even in this 
  country. between the legs of this bird the feathers are white, and those 
  which form the tuft underneath the tail are a mixture of white and Brick 
  red. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1179-1806-02-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday February 1st 1806. This morning a party of four men set out with 
  Joseph Fields; Sergt# Gass with a party of five men again set out up the 
  Netul river in surch of the Elk which had been killed some days since, and 
  which could not be found in consequence of the snow. The Canoes of the 
  natives inhabiting the lower portion of the Columbia River make their 
  canoes remarkably neat light and well addapted for riding high waves. I 
  have seen the natives near the coast riding waves in these canoes with 
  safety and apparently without concern where I should have thought it 
  impossible for any vessel of the same size to lived a minute. they are 
  built of whitecedar or Arborvita generally, but sometimes of the firr. 
  they are cut out of a solid stick of timber, the gunwals at the upper edge 
  foald over outwards and are about 5/8 of an inch thick and 4 or five 
  broad, and stand horrizontally forming a kind of rim to the canoe to 
  prevent the water beating into it. they are all furnished with more or 
  less crossbars in proportion to the size of the canoe. these bars are 
  round sticks about half the size of a man's arm, which are incerted 
  through holes (just) made in either side of the canoe just below the rim 
  of the gunwall and are further secured with strings of waytape; these 
  crossbars serve to lift and manage the canoe on land. when the natives 
  land they invariably take their canoes on shore, unless they are heavily 
  laden, and then even, if they remain all night, they discharge their loads 
  and take the canoes on shore. some of the large canoes are upwards of 50 
  feet long and will carry from 8 to 10 thousand lbs# or from 20 to thirty 
  persons and some of them particularly on the sea coast are waxed painted 
  and ornimented with curious images at bough and Stern; those images 
  sometimes rise to the hight of five feet; the pedestals on which these 
  immages are fixed are sometimes cut out of the solid stick with the canoe, 
  and the imagary is formed of seperate small peices of timber firmly united 
  with tenants and motices without the assistance of a single spike of any 
  kind. when the natives are engaged in navigating their canoes one sets in 
  the stern and steers with a paddle the others set by pears and paddle over 
  the gunwall next them, they all kneel in the bottom of the canoe and set 
  on their feet. their paddles are of a uniform shape of which this is an 
  imitation these paddles are made very thin and the middle of the blade is 
  thick and hollowed out siddonly and made thin at the sides while the 
  center forms a kind of rib. the blade occupys about one third of the 
  length of the paddle which is usually from 41/2 to 5 feet. I have observed 
  four forms of canoe only in uce among the nations below the grand chatarac 
  of this river they are as follow. this is the smallest size about 15 feet 
  long and calculated for one or two persons, and are most common among the 
  Cathlahmahs and Wack ki a cums among the marshey Islands. A the bow; B, 
  the stern; these are from twenty to thirty five feet and from two 1/2 to 3 
  feet in the beam and about 2 feet in the hole; this canoe is common to all 
  the nations below the grand rappids. it is here made deeper and shorter in 
  proportion than they really are. the bowsprit from C, to D is 
  brought to a sharp edge tapering gradually from the sides. 
  = 
  This is the most common forms of the canoe in uce among the Indians from; 
  the Chil~luck~kit~te~quaw inclusive to the Ocean and is usually about 30 
  or 35 feet long, and will carry from ten to twelve persons. 4 men are 
  competent to carry them a considerable distance say a mile without 
  resting. A is the end which they use as the bow, but which on first sight 
  I took to be the stern C# D# is a comb cut of the sollid stick with the 
  canoe and projects from the center of the end of the canoe being about 1 
  inch thirck it's sides parallel and edge at C D# sharp. it is from 9 to 11 
  Inches in length and extends from the underpart of the bowsprit at A to 
  the bottom of the canoe at D# ¬ the stern B# is mearly rounding and 
  graduly ascending. 1 2 3 represents the rim of the gunwalls about 4 Inches 
  wide, reather ascending as they recede from the canoe. 4 5 6 7 8 are the 
  round holes through which the cross bars are inserted. 
  = 
  This form of canoe we did not meet with untill we reached tidewater or 
  below the grand rappids. from thence down it is common to all the nations 
  but more particularly the Killamucks and others of the coast. these are 
  the largest canoes. B# is the bow and comb. C# the stern and comb. their 
  immages are representations of a great variety of grotesque figures, any 
  of which might be safely worshiped without committing a breach of the 
  commandments. 
  = 
  They have but few axes among them, and the only too usually imployed in 
  felling the trees or forming the canoe, carving &c is a chissel formed 
  of an old file about an Inch or an Inch and a half broad. this chissel has 
  sometimes a large block of wood for a handle; they grasp the chissel just 
  below the block with the right hand holding the edge down while with the 
  left they take hold of the top of the block and strike backhanded against 
  the wood with the edge of the chissel. a person would suppose that the 
  forming of a large canoe with an instrument like this was the work of 
  several years; but these people make them in a few weeks. they prize their 
  canoes very highly; we have been anxious to obtain some of them, for our 
  journey up the river but have not been able to obtain one as yet from the 
  natives in this neighbourhood. today we opened and examined all our 
  ammunition, which had been secured in leaden canesters. we found twenty 
  seven of the best rifle powder, 4 of common rifle, three of glaized and 
  one of the musqut powder in good order, perfectly as dry as when first put 
  in the canesters, altho the whole of it from various accedents has been 
  for hours under the water. these cannesters contain four lbs# of powder 
  each and 8 of lead. had it not have been for that happy expedient which I 
  devised of securing the powder by means of the lead, we should not have 
  had a single charge of powder at this time. three of the canesters which 
  had been accedentally bruized and cracked, one which was carelessly 
  stoped, and a fifth that had been penetrated with a nail, were a little 
  dammaged; these we gave to the men to make dry; however exclusive of those 
  five we have an abundant stock to last us back; and we always take care to 
  put a proportion of it in each canoe, to the end that should one canoe or 
  more be lost we should still not be entirely bereft of ammunition, which 
  is now our only hope for subsistence and defence in a rout of 4000 miles 
  through a country exclusively inhabited by savages. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1180-1806-02-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday February 1st 1806 This morning a party of four men Set out with 
  Jo# Field; and Sergt# Gass with a party of five men again Set out up the 
  Netul river in Serch of the Elk which had been killed Some days since, and 
  which Could not be found in Consequence of the Snow. 
  = 
  The Canoes of the nativs inhabitting the lower part of the Columbia River 
  from the Long narrows down make their canoes remarkably neat light and 
  well addapted for rideing high waves. I have Seen the nativs near the 
  Coast rideing waves in these Canoes in Safty and appearantly without 
  Concern when I Should it impossible for any vessel of the Same Size to 
  have lived or kept above water a minute. they are built of Arborvitia or 
  white Cedar generally, but Sometimes of fir. they are cut out of a solid 
  Stick of timber, the gunnals at the upper edge fold over outwards and are 
  about 5/8 of an inch thick and 4 or 5 broad, and Stand out nearly 
  Horizontially forming a kind of rim to the Canoe to prevent the water 
  beating into it. they are all furnished with more or less Cross bars 
  agreeably to thier sizes of the Canoe, those bars are round Sticks about 1 
  inch and 1/2 diameter which are atached to the iner Side of the canoes a 
  little below the rim on either Side with throngs of Cedar bark which is 
  incerted through holes and made fast to the ends of the Stick, which is 
  made Smaller than the other part of the Stick to prevent the cord Slipping 
  off these cross bears Serve to Strengthen the canoe, and by which they 
  lift and manage her on land. when the nativs land they invariably take 
  their Canoes on Shore unless they are heavily ladined, and then even, if 
  they remain all night, they discharge their loads and take the Canoe on 
  Shore. 
  = 
  Some of the large Canoes are upwards of 50 feet long and will Carry from 8 
  to 12 thousand lbs# or from 20 to 30 persons, and Some of them 
  particularly on the Sea Coast are waxed painted and ornimented with 
  curious images on bow and Stern; those images sometimes rise to the hight 
  of five feet; the pedestile on which these images are fixed, are Sometimes 
  cut out of the Solid Stick with the Canoe, and the image is formed of 
  Seperate pieces of timber firmly united with tenants and mortices without 
  the appearance of a Single Spike or nail of any kind. when the nativs are 
  engaged in navigateing their Canoes, one Sets in the Stern and Stears with 
  a paddle the others Set by pars and paddle over their gunnals next them, 
  they all kneel in the bottom of the Canoe and Set on their feet. their 
  paddles are of an uniform shape which this is an imitation those paddles 
  are made verry thin and the middle of the blade is thick and hollowed out 
  Suddenly, and made thin on the Sides, the center forming a kind of ridge. 
  the handle occupies about 1/8 of the length of the paddle which is usually 
  4 to 41/2 feet in length. I have observed five forms of Canoes only in use 
  among the nativs below the Grand Cataract of this river. they areas 
  follows. this is the Smallest Size about 15 feet long, 12 and Calculated 
  for one two men mearly to cross creeks, take over Short portages to 
  navagate the ponds and Still water, and is mostly in use amongst the 
  Clatsops and Chinnooks. this is the next Smallest and from 16 to 20 feet 
  long and calculated for two or 3 persons and are most common among the 
  Wau~ki~a~cums and Cath~lah~mahs among the marshey Islands, near their 
  villages. A the bow; B the Stern; those are from 20 to 40 feet in length 
  and from 21/2 to 31/2 feet in the beam and about 2 feet deep; this Canoe 
  is common to all the nations below the grand Rapids it here made deeper 
  and Shorter in pertotion than the Canoe realy is, the bow sprit from C# to 
  D# is brought to a Sharp edge tapering gradually from the Sides. This is 
  the most common form of the Canoes in use among the indians from the 
  Chil~luck~kit~te quaw inclusive to the ocian and is commonly from about 30 
  to 35 feet long, and will carry from 10 to 12 persons. 4 men are competent 
  to carry them a considerable distance Say a mile without resting. A is the 
  end the nativs use as the bow, but which on first Sight I took to be the 
  Stern c. d# is a comb cut of the solid wood with the Canoe, and projects 
  from the Center of the end of the Canoe being about 1 inch thick, it's 
  Sides parallel and edge at c, d, Sharp it is from 9 to 11 inches in debth 
  and extends from the under part of the bow sprit at A to the bottom at, 
  d. the Stern B is nearly rounding and gradually assending. 1, 2, 3, 
  represents the rim of the gunnals about 4 inches wide, reather ascending 
  as they recede from the Canoe. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, are the holes through which 
  the String pass to fasten the round pieces which pass Crosswise the Canoe 
  to Strengthen & lift her. This form of a canoe we did not meet with 
  untill we reached tide water or below the Great Rapids. from thence down 
  it is common to all the nations but more particularly the Kil a mox and 
  others of the Coast. these are the largest Canoes, I measured one at the 
  Kilamox villag S S W of us which was  ¿¿  feet long  ¿¿  feet wide and 
   ¿¿  feet deep, and they are most Commonly about that Size. B is the how, 
  and Comb. C, the stern and Comb. Their images are representations of a 
  great variety of grotesque figures, any of which might be Safely worshiped 
  without commiting a breach of the Commandments. 
  = 
  They have but fiew axes among them, and the only tool usially employd in 
  forming the Canoe, carveing &c is a chissel formed of an old file 
  about an inch or 11/2 inchs broad, this chissel has Sometimes a large 
  block of wood for a handle; they grasp the chissel just below the block 
  with the right hand holding the top of the block, and Strikes backwards 
  against the wood with the edge of the Chissel. a person would Suppose that 
  forming a large Canoe with an enstriment like this was the work of Several 
  years; but those people make them in a fiew weeks. They prize their Canoes 
  very highly; we have been anxious to obtain Some of them, for our journy 
  up the river but have not been able to obtain one as yet from the nativs 
  in this neighbourhood. 
  = 
  To day we opened and examined all our Ammunition, which has been Secured 
  in leaden Canistirs. we found twenty Sevin of the best Rifle powder, 4 of 
  Common rifle, 3 of Glaize and one of Musquet powder in good order, 
  perfectly as dry as when first put in the Canisters, altho the whole of it 
  from various accidince have been for hours under the water. these 
  Cannisters Contain 4 pounds of powder each and 8 of Lead. had it not been 
  for that happy expedient which Capt Lewis devised of Securing the powder 
  by means of the Lead, we Should have found great dificuelty in keeping dry 
  powder untill this time; those Cannisters which had been accidently 
  brused and cracked, one which was carelessly Stoped, and a fifth which had 
  been penetrated with a nail; were wet and damaged; those we gave to the 
  men to Dry; however exclusive of those 5 we have an abundant Stock to last 
  us back; and we always take Care to put a purpotion of it in each canoe, 
  to the end that Should one Canoe or more be lost we Should Still not be 
  entirely bereft of ammunition, which is now our only hope for Subsistance 
  and defences in the rout of 4,000 miles through a Country exclusively 
  inhabited by Indians ¬ many bands of which are Savage in every Sense of the 
  word. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1181-1806-02-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday February 2cd 1806. Not any occurrence today worthy of notice; but 
  all are pleased, that one month of the time which binds us to Fort Clatsop 
  and which seperates us from our friends has now elapsed. one of the games 
  of amusement and wrisk of the Indians of this neighbourhood like that of 
  the Sosones consists in hiding in the hand some small article about the 
  size of a bean; this they throw from one hand to the other with great 
  dexterity accompanying their opperations with a particular song which 
  seems to have been addapted to the game; when the individul who holds the 
  peice has amused himself sufficiently by exchanging it from one hand to 
  the other, he hold out his hands for his compettitors to guess which hand 
  contains the peice; if they hit on the hand which contains the peice they 
  win the wager otherwise loose. the individual who holds the peice is a 
  kind of banker and plays for the time being against all the others in the 
  room; when he has lost all the property which he has to venture, or thinks 
  proper at any time, he transfers the peice to some other who then also 
  becoms banker. The Sosone and Minnetares &c have a game of a singular 
  kind but those divide themselves in two parties and play for a common 
  wager to which each individual contributes to form the stock of his party. 
  one of them holdes the peice and some one of the opposite party gesses 
  which hand contains if he hits on the hand which contains it the peice is 
  transferred to the opposite party and the victor counts one, if he misses 
  the party still retain the peice and score one but the individual tranfers 
  the peice to some other of his own party; the game is set to any number 
  they think proper, and like the natives of this quarter they always 
  accompany their opperations with a particular song. the natives here have 
  also another game which consists in bowling some small round peices about 
  the size of Bacgammon men, between two small upright sticks placed a few 
  inches asunder, but the principals of the game I have not learn not 
  understanding their language sufficiently to obtain an explanation. their 
  boys amuse themselves with their bows and arrows as those do of every 
  Indian nation with which I am acquainted. these people are excessively 
  fond of their games of risk and bet freely every species of property of 
  which they are possessed. They have a smal dog which they make usefull 
  only in hunting the Elk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1182-1806-02-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday February 2nd 1806 Not any accurrence to day worthy of notice; but 
  all are pleased, that one month of the time which binds us to fort 
  Clatsop, and which Seperates us from our friends, has now alapsed. 
  = 
  The games of amusements of the natives of this neighbourhood are Several, 
  one of which is verry similar to one which the Sosone's & Minatare's 
  are verry fond of and frequently play. they devide themselves into two 
  parties and play for a common wager to which each individual Contributes 
  to form the Stock of his party, one of them holdes the piece which is 
  usually about the Size of a Bean, and Some one of the oposit party gesses 
  which hand Contains, if he hits on the hand which Contains it, the piece 
  is transfired to the opposit party and the victor Counts one, if he misses 
  the party Still retains the piece and scores one, but the individual 
  transfirs the piece to Some one of his own party; the game is Set to any 
  number they think proper. they always accompany their opperations with a 
  particular Song. The amusements of the boys of all nations which I am 
  acquainted with are generally the Bows and arrows. 
  = 
  All nations of Indians with which I am acquainted are excessive fond of 
  their games of risk, and bet away Species of property of which they are 
  possessed. 
  = 
  The nativs of this neighbourhood have a Small Dog which they make usefull 
  only in hunting the Elk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1183-1806-02-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday February 3rd 1806. About three o'clock Drewyer and La Page, 
  returned; Drewyer had killed seven Elk in the point below us, several 
  miles distant but can be approached with in 3/4 of a mile with canoes by 
  means of a small creek which discharges itself into the bay on this side 
  of the Clatsop village direct Sergt# pryor to go in quest of the meat, the 
  wind was so high that they were unable to set out untill a little before 
  sunset, when they departed; at 10 P#M# they return excessively could and 
  informed us that they could not make land on this side of the bay nor get 
  into the creek in consequence of the tide being out and much lower than 
  usual. we are apprehensive that the Clatsops who know where the meat is 
  will rob us of a part if not the whole of it. at half after 4 P#M# Sergt 
  Gass returned with his party, they brought with them the flesh of four 
  other Elk which the hunters had found, being a part of the ten which were 
  killed up the Netul river the other day. he left R# Fields, Shannon and 
  Labuish to continue the hunt and made an appointment to return to them on 
  Friday. late in the evening the four men who had been sent to assist the 
  saltmakers in transporting meat which they had killed to their camp, also 
  returned, and brought with them all the salt which had been made, 
  consisting of about one busshel only. with the means we have of boiling 
  the salt water we find it a very tedious opperation, that of making salt, 
  notwithstanding we keep the kettles boiling day and night. we calculate on 
  three bushels lasting us from hence to our deposits of that article on the 
  Missouri. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1184-1806-02-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday February 3rd 1806 About 3 oClock Drewyer & Lapage returned, 
  Drewyer had killed Seven Elk in the point below us, Several miles distant, 
  but Can be approached within 3/4 of a mile with Canoes by means of a Small 
  Creak which discharges itself into the Bay, on this Sid of the Clatsop 
  Village. Directed Serjt# Pryor to go in quest of the meat, the winds was 
  So high that they were unable to Set out until) a little before Sunset, 
  when they departed; at 10 P#M# they returned excessively Cold and informed 
  us that they could not make land on this Side of the bay or get into the 
  Creek in consequence of the tides being out and much lower than usial. we 
  are apprehensive that the Clatsops knowing where the meat is, will rob us 
  of a part if not the whole of it. at half after 4 P# M Sergt# Gass 
  returned with his party they brought with them the flesh of 4 other Elk 
  which the hunters had found, being part of the 10 which were killed up the 
  Netul river the other day. He left Ro. Field, Shannon & Labiesh to 
  Continue the hunt, and made an appointment to return to them on friday. 
  late in the evening the four men who had been Sent to assist the 
  Saltmakers in transporting meat which they had killed to their Camp also 
  returned, and brought with them all the Salt which had been made, 
  consisting of about one Sushel only. with the means we have of boiling the 
  Salt water we find it a very tegious opperation that of makeing Salt, 
  notwithstanding the Kitties are kept boiling day and night. we Calculate 
  on three bushels lasting us from hiere to our deposit of that article on 
  the Missouri. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1185-1806-02-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday February 4th 1806. Sergt# Pryor with a party of five men set out 
  again in quest of the Elk which Drewyer had killed. Drewyer and La Page 
  also returned to continue the chase in the same quarter. the Elk are in 
  much better order in the point near the praries than they are in the woody 
  country arround us or up the Netul. in the praries they feed on grass and 
  rushes, considerable quantities of which are yet green and succulet. in 
  the woody country their food is huckle berry bushes, fern, and an 
  evergreen shrub which resembles the lore) in some measure; the last 
  constitutes the greater part of their food and grows abundantly through 
  all the timbered country, particularly the hillsides and more broken parts 
  of it. There are sveral species of fir in this neighbourhood which I shall 
  discribe as well as my slender botanicall skit will enable me and for the 
  convenience of comparison with each other shal number them. (No 1.) a 
  species which grows to immence size; very commonly 27 feet in the girth 
  six feet above the surface of the earth, and in several instances we have 
  found them as much as 36 feet in the girth or 12 feet diameter perfectly 
  solid and entire. they frequently rise to the hight of 230 feet, and one 
  hundred and twenty or 30 of that hight without a limb. this timber is 
  white and soft throughout and rives better than any other species which we 
  have tryed. the bark skales off in irregula rounded flakes and is of a 
  redish brown colour particularly of the younger growth. the stem of this 
  tree is simple branching, ascending, not very defuse, and proliferous. the 
  leaf of this tree is acerose, 1/10th of an Inch in width, and 3/4 of an 
  Inch in length; is firm, stif and accuminate; they are triangular, a 
  little declining, thickly scattered on all sides of the bough, but rispect 
  the three uppersides only and are also sessile growing from little 
  triangular pedestals of soft spungy elastic bark. at the junction of the 
  boughs, the bud~scales continue to incircle their rispective twigs for 
  several yeas; at least three years is common and I have counted as many as 
  the growth of four years beyond these scales. this tree affords but little 
  rosin. it's cone I have not yet had an opportunity to discover altho I 
  have sought it frequently; the trees of this kind which we have felled 
  have had no cones on them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1186-1806-02-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday February 4th 1806 Serjt# Pryor with a party of 5 men Set out again 
  in quest of the Elk which Drewyer had Killed. Drewyer also returned to 
  continue the Chase in the Same quarter. the Elk are in much better order 
  in the point near the praries than they are in the woodey Country around 
  us or up the Netul. in the praries they feed on grass and rushes, which 
  are yet green. in the woddey Countrey their food is huckleberry bushes, 
  fern, and the Shal~lon an evergreen Shrub, which resembles the Lorel in 
  Some measure; the last constitutes the greater part of their food and 
  grows abundant through all the timbered Country, particularly the hill 
  Sides and more broken parts of it. There are Several Species of Fir in 
  this neighbourhood which I shall discribe as well as my botanicale Skill 
  will enable me, and for the Convenience of Comparrison with each other 
  Shall number them. (No# i,) a Species which grows to an emence size; verry 
  commonly 27 feet in Surcumferonce at 6 feet above the surface of the 
  earth, and in Several instances we have found them as much as 36 feet in 
  the Girth, or 12 feet Diameter perfectly Solid & entire. they 
  frequently rise to the hight of 230 feet, and 120 or 30 of that hight 
  without a limb. this timber is white and Soft throughout and rives better 
  than any other Species we have tried the bark Shales off in arregular 
  rounded flakes and is of a redish brown Colour, particularly of the 
  younger growth, the Stem of this tree is simple branching, assending, not 
  very defuse, and proliferous, the leaf of this tree is accerose 1/2 a line 
  in width, and 3/4 of an inch in length; is firm Stiff and accuminate; they 
  are triangular, little declineing, thickly scattered on all Sides of the 
  Bough, but respect the three upper Sides only Growing from little 
  triangular pedistals of Soft Spungy Elastic bark. at the junction of these 
  bough's, the bud~scales continue to incircle the respective twigs for 
  several years; at least 3 years is common and I have counted as maney as 
  the groth of 4 years beyond these Scales. this tree affords but little 
  rozin. it's cone I have not yet had an oppertunity to discover altho I 
  have Sought it frequently; the trees of this kind which we have fell'd 
  have had no cones on them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1187-1806-02-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday February 5th 1806. Late this evening one of the hunters fired 
  his gun over the swamp of the Netul opposite to the fort and hooped. I 
  sent sergt# Gass and a party of men over; the tide being in, they took 
  advantage of a little creek which makes up in that direction nearly to the 
  highlands, and in their way fortunately recovered our Indian Canoe, so 
  long lost and much lamented. The Hunter proved to be Reubin Fields, who 
  reported that he had killed six Elk on the East side of the Netul a little 
  above us; and that yesterday he had heard Shannon and Labuishe fire six or 
  seven shots after he had seperated from them and supposed that they had 
  also killed several other Elk. Filds brought with him a phesant which 
  differed but little from those common to the Atlantic states; it's brown 
  is reather brighter and more of a redish tint. it has eighteen feathers in 
  the tale of about six inches in length. this bird is also booted as low as 
  the toes. the two tufts of long black feathers on each side of the neck 
  most conspicuous in the male of those of the Atlantic states is also 
  observable in every particular with this. Fir No# 2 is next in 
  dignity in point of size. it is much the most common species, it may be 
  sad to constitute at least one half of the timber in this neighbourhood. 
  it appears to be of the spruse kind. it rises to the hight of 160 to 180 
  feet very commonly and is from 4 to 6 feet in diameter, very streight 
  round and regularly tapering. the bark is thin of a dark colour, and much 
  divided with small longitudinal intersticies; that of the boughs and young 
  trees is somewhat smoth but not so much so as the balsom fir nor that of 
  the white pine of our country. the wood is white throughout and reather 
  soft but very tough, and difficult to rive. The trunk of this tree is a 
  simple branching diffused stem and not proliferous as the pines & firs 
  usially are but like most other trees it puts forth buds from the sides of 
  the small boughs as well as their extremities. the stem usually terminates 
  in a very slender pointed top like the cedar. The leaves are petiolate, 
  the footstalk small short and oppressed; acerose reather more than half a 
  line in width and very unequal in length, the greatest length being little 
  more than half an inch, while others intermixed on every part of the bough 
  are not more than a 1/4 in length. flat with a small longitudinal channel 
  in the upper disk which is of a deep green and glossey, while the uder 
  disk is of a whiteish green only; two ranked, obtusely pointed, soft and 
  flexable. this tree affords but little rosin. the cone is remarkably small 
  not larger than the end of a man's thumb soft, flexable and of an ovate 
  form, produced at the ends of the small twigs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1188-1806-02-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday February 5th 1806 Late this evening one of the hunters fired off 
  his gun over the marsh of the Netul opposit to the fort & hhoped. we 
  Sent Sergt# Gass and a party of men over; the tide being in they took 
  advantage of a little Creek which makes up in that direction nearly to the 
  high lands, and in their way fortunately recovered our Indian Canoe So 
  long lost and much lamented. The hunter provd. to be Reubin Field, who 
  reported that he had killed Six Elk on the East Side of the Netul a little 
  above us; and that he had parted with Shannon and Labiesh yesterday after 
  he had herd them fire Six or Seven Shot after he had Seperated from them, 
  and Supposed that they had also killed Several other Elk. Fields brought 
  with him a Pheasant which differs but little from those Common to the 
  United States ¬ Fur No# 2 is next in dignity in point of Size. it is 
  much the most common Species, it may be Said to Constitute one half of the 
  timber of this neigh~bourhood. it appears to be of the Spruce kind. it 
  rises to the higth of 160 or 180 feet very Commonly and is from 4 to 6 
  feet in diameter, very Streight round and regularly tapering. the bark is 
  thin of a dark colour, and much divided with Small longitudinal 
  interstices; that of the boughs and young trees are Somewhat Smoth but not 
  So much so as the balsom fir, nor that of the white pine of our Countrey. 
  the wood is white throughout and rather Soft but rather tough and 
  dificuelt to rive. The trunk of this tree is Simple branching, deffused 
  Stem and not proliferous as the pine and fir usially are, but like most 
  other trees it puts foth buds from the Sides of the Small boughes as well 
  as from their extremities. the Stem usially termonate in a very slender 
  pointed top like the Cedar. The leaves are petiolate, the footstalk Small 
  Short and oppressed; acerose reather more than 1/2 a line in wedth and 
  very uneaqual in length, the greatest length being a little more than half 
  an inch, while others intermixed on every part of the bough are not more 
  than a 1/4 of an inch in length. flat with a Small longitudinal channel in 
  the upper disk which is of a Deep green and glossy, while the under disk 
  is of a whitish green only; two ranked, obtusely pointed, Soft and 
  flexable. this tree affords but little rosin. the Cone is remarkably 
  Small, not larger than the end of a mans thumb Soft, flexable and of an 
  oval form, produced at the end of a Small twig. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1189-1806-02-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday February 6th 1806. Sent Sergts# Gass and Ordway this morning with 
  R# Fields and a party of men to bring in the Elk which Field had killed. 
  Late in the evening Sergt# Pryor returned with the flesh of about 2 Elk 
  and 4 skins the Indians having purloined the ballance of seven Elk which 
  Drewyer killed the other day. I find that there are 2 vilages of Indians 
  living on the N# side of the Columbia near the Marshy Islands who call 
  themselves Wackki~a~cum. these I have hertofore Considered as 
  Cath~lah~mahs. they speak the same language and are the same in every 
  other rispect. 
  = 
  No# 3 A species of fir which one of my men informs me is precisely the 
  same with that called the balsam fir of Canada. it grows here to 
  considerable size, being from 21/2 to 4 feet in diameter and rises to the 
  hight of eighty or an hundred feet. it's stem is simple branching, 
  ascending and proliferous. it's leaves are sessile, acerose, one 1/8 of an 
  inch in 1/16th of an inch in width, thickly scattered on all sides of the 
  twigs as far as the growth of four preceeding years and rispect the three 
  undersides only the uper side being neglected and the under side but 
  thinly furnished; gibbous, a little declining, obtusely pointed, soft 
  flexible, and the upper disk longitudinally marked with a slight channel; 
  this disk is of a glossy deep green, the under one green tho paler and not 
  glossy. this tree affords considerable quantities of a fine clear 
  arromatic balsam in appearance and taste like the Canadian balsam. smal 
  pustules filled with this balsam rise with a blister like appearance on 
  the body of the tree and it's branches; the bark which covers these 
  pustules is soft thin smoth and easily punctured. the bark of the tree 
  generally is thin of a dark brown colour and reather smooth tho not as 
  much so as the white pine of our county. the wood is white and soft. (No# 
  4) is a species of fir which in point of size is much that of No# 2. the 
  stem simple branching ascending and proliferous; the bark of a redish dark 
  brown and thicker than that of No# 3. it is divided with small 
  longitudinal interstices, but these are not so much ramifyed as in species 
  No# 2. the leaves with rispect to their position in regard to each other 
  is the same with the balsam fir, as is the leaf in every other rispect 
  except that it not more than 2/3ds the width and little more than half the 
  length of the other, nor is it's upper disk of so deep a green nor so 
  glossey. it affords no balsam and but little rosin. the wood also white 
  soft and reather porus tho tough. No 5. is a species of fir which 
  arrives to the size of Nos# 2 and 4, the stem simple branching, diffuse 
  and proliferous. the bark thin, dark brown, much divided with small 
  longitudinal interstices and sometimes scaleing off in thin rolling 
  flakes. it affords but little rosin and the wood is redish white 2/3ds of 
  the diameter in the center, the ballance white, somewhat porus and tough. 
  the twigs are much longer and more slender than in either of the other 
  species. the leaves are acerose, 1/20th of an inch in width, and an inch 
  in length, sessile, inserted on all sides of the bough, streight, their 
  extremities pointing obliquely toward the extremities of the bough and 
  more thickly placed than in either of the other species; gibbous and 
  flexeable but more stif than any except No# 1 and more blontly pointed 
  than either of the other species; the upper disk has a small longitudinal 
  channel and is of a deep green tho not so glossy as the balsam fir, the 
  under disk is of a pale green. No# 65 the white pine; or what is 
  usually so called in Virginia. I see no difference between this and that 
  of the mountains in Virginia; unless it be the uncommon length of cone of 
  this found here, which are sometimes 16 or 18 inches in length and about 4 
  inches in circumpherence. I do not recollect those of virginia perfectly 
  but it strikes me that they are not so long. this species is not common I 
  have only seen it but in one instance since I have been in this 
  neighbourhood which was on the border of Haley's bay on the N# side of the 
  Columbia near the Ocean. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1190-1806-02-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday February 6th 1806 Sent Serjt# Gass and party this morning with R# 
  Field to bring in the Elk which Field had killed. late in the evening 
  Serjt# Pryor returned with the fish of about 2 Elk and four skins the 
  Indians haveing taken the ballance of Seven Elk which Drewyer killed the 
  other day. I find that those people will all Steal. 
  = 
  No# 3 a Species of fir, which one of my men inform me is presisely the 
  Same with that called the balsam fir of Canada. it grows here to 
  considerable Size, being from 21/2 to 4 feet in diameeter and rises to the 
  hight of 100 or 120 feet. it's Stem is Simple branching assending and 
  proliferous. it's leaves are cessile, acerose, 1/8 of an inch in length 
  and 1/16 of an inch in width, thickly scattered on all Sides of the twigs 
  as far as the groth of four proceeding years, and respects the three 
  undersides only, the upper Side being neglected and the under Side but 
  thinly furnished; gibbous a little declineing, obtusely pointed, Soft 
  flexable, and the upper disk longitudinally marked with a Slight Channel; 
  this disk is of a glossy deep green, the under one green tho paler and not 
  glossy. This tree affords a considerable quantity of a fine Clear 
  arromatic Balsom in appearance and taste like the Canadian balsom. Small 
  pustuls filled with the balsom rise with a blister like appearance on the 
  body of the tree and it's branches; the bark which covers these pustules 
  is Soft thin Smothe and easily punctured. the bark of the tree is 
  generally thin of a dark brown colour and reather Smooth tho not as much 
  so as the white pine of the U# States the wood is white and Soft. 
  = 
  No# 4 a Species of fir which in point of Size is much that of No 2. the 
  Stem Simple branching assending and proliferous; the bark of a redish dark 
  brown and thicker than that of No# 3. it is devided with Small 
  longitudinal interstices, but these are not So much ramefied as in the 
  Specis No# 2. the leaves with respect to their possition in reguard to 
  each other is the Same with the balsam fir, as is the leaf in every other 
  respect than that, it is not more than 2/3ds the width and little more 
  than half the length of the other, nor is it's upper disk of so deep a 
  green nor glossy. it affords no balsam, and but little rosin. the wood 
  also white Soft and reather porus tho tough. 
  = 
  No# 5 is a species of fir 
  which arives to the Size of No# 2, and No# 4. the Stem Simple branching, 
  diffuse and proliferous. the bark thin dark brown, much divided with Small 
  longitudinal interstices scaleing off in thin rolling flakes. it affords 
  but little rosin and the wood is redish white 2/3ds of the diamieter in 
  the Center the ballance white Somewhat porus and tough. the twigs are much 
  longer and more slender than in either of the other speceies. the leaves 
  are acerose 1/20 of an inch in width, and an inch in length, sessile, 
  inserted on all Sides of the bough, Streight, their extremities pointing 
  obliquely towards the extremities of the bough and more thickly placed 
  than in either of the other Species; gibbous and flexable but more stiff 
  than any except No# 1 and more blontly pointed than either of the other 
  Species; the upper disk has a Small longitudinal Channel and is of a deep 
  green tho not so Glossy as the balsam fir, the under disk is of a pail 
  green. No# 6 the White pine; or what is usially So Called in Virginia. I 
  see no difference between this and that of the mountains in Virginia; 
  unless it be the uncommon length of the cone of this found here, which are 
  Sometimes 16 or 18 inches in length and about 4 inches in Surcumfrance. I 
  do not recollect those of Virginia, but it Strikes me that they are not So 
  long. this Species is not common I have Seen it only in three instances 
  since I have been in this neighbourhood, I saw a few on Haleys bay on the 
  North Side of the Columbia River, a fiew scattering on the Sea coast to 
  the North on one of which I engraved my name ¬ and Some on the S S E Side of 
  E co la Creek near the Kil a mox nation, at which place I Saw the white 
  & red Cedar 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1191-1806-02-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday February 7th 1806. This evening Sergt# Ordway and Wiser returned 
  with a part of the meat which R# Fields had killed; the ballance of the 
  party with Sergt# Gass remained in order to bring the ballance of the meat 
  to the river at a point agreed on where the canoe is to meet them again 
  tomorrow morning. This evening we had what I call an excellent supper it 
  consisted of a marrowbone a piece and a brisket of boiled Elk that had the 
  appearance of a little fat on it. this for Fort Clatsop is living in high 
  stile. In this neighbourhood I observe the honeysuckle common in our 
  country I first met with it on the waters of the Kooskooske near the 
  Chopunnish nation, and again below the grand rappids In the Columbian 
  Valley on tidewater. The Elder also common to our country grows in great 
  abundance in the rich woodlands on this side of the rocky Mountains; tho 
  it differs Here in the colour of it's berry, this being of a pale sky blue 
  while that of the U States is a deep perple. The seven bark or nine~bark 
  as it is called in the U States is also common in this quarter. There is a 
  species of huckleberry common to the piny lands from the commencement of 
  the Columbian valley to the seacoast; it rises to the hight of 6 or 8 
  feet. is a simple branching some what defuse stem; the main body or trunk 
  is cilindric and of a dark brown, while the colateral branches are green 
  smooth, squar, and put forth a number of alternate branches of the same 
  colour and form from the two horizontal sides only. the fruit is a small 
  deep perple berry which the natives inform us is very good. the leaf is 
  thin of a pale green and small being 3/4 of an inch in length and 3/8 in 
  width; oval terminateing more accutely at the apex than near the insertion 
  of the footstalk which is at the base; veined, nearly entire, serrate but 
  so slightly so that it is scarcely perceptible; footstalk short and there 
  position with rispect to each other is alternate and two ranked, 
  proceeding from the horizontal sides of the bough only. The small pox has 
  distroyed a great number of the natives in this quarter. it prevailed 
  about 4 years since among the Clatsops and distroy several hundred of 
  them, four of their chiefs fell victyms to it's ravages. those Clatsops 
  are deposited in their canoes on the bay a few miles below us. I think the 
  late ravages of the small pox may well account for the number of remains 
  of vilages which we find deserted on the river and Sea coast in this 
  quarter. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1192-1806-02-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday February 7th 1806 This evening Serjt Ordway and wiser returned with 
  a part of the meat which R# Field had killed; the balance of the Party 
  with Serjt# Gass remained in order to bring the ballance of the meat to 
  the river at a point agreeed on, where the Canoe is to meet them again 
  tomorrow morning. This evening we had what I call an excellent supper it 
  consisted of a marrowbone, a piece of brisket of boiled Elk that had the 
  appearance of a little fat on it. this for Fort Clatsop is liveing in high 
  Stile, and in fact fiesting. 
  = 
  In this neighbourhood I observe the honeysuckle common in the U States, I 
  first met with it on the waters of the Kooskooske near the Chopunnish 
  Nation, and again below the grand rapids in the Columbian Vally on tide 
  water. The Elder also common to our Countrey grows in great abundance in 
  the rich wood land on this Side of the rocky mountains, tho it differs 
  here in the Colour of its berry, this being of a pale Sky blue while that 
  of the U, States is a deep purple. The Seven or nine bark as it is called 
  in the U, States is also Common in this quarter. There is a Species of 
  huckkleberry Common to the piney lands from the Commencement of the 
  Columbian Vally to the Sea coast; it rises to the hight of 6 or 8 feet, is 
  a Simple branching, Somewhat defused Stem; the main body or trunk is 
  cilindric branches are green Smothe squar, and put foth a number of 
  alternet branches of the Same Colour and form from the two horizontal 
  Sides only. the frute is a small deep purple berry which the nativs inform 
  us is very good, the leaf is thin of a pale green and Small being 3/4 of 
  an inch in length and 3/8 in width; oval terminateing more accoutely at 
  the apax, than near the insersion of the footstalk which is at the base 
  vened nearly entire; footstalks Short and their position in respect to 
  each other is alternate and too ranked, proceeding from the horizontal 
  Side of the bough only. 
  = 
  The Small Pox had distroyed a great number of the nativs in this quarter. 
  it provailed about 4 or 5 yrs Sinc among the Clatsops, and distroy'd 
  Several hundreds of them, four of their Chiefs fell a victym to it's 
  ravages. these Clatsops are Deposited in their Canoes on the bay a fiew 
  miles below us. I think the late ravages of the Small Pox, may well 
  account for the number of remains of villages which I Saw on my rout to 
  the Kil a mox in Several places. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1193-1806-02-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday February 8th 1806. Sent Sergt# Ordway and two men this morning to 
  join the party with Sergt# Gass and bring the ballance of R# Fields's Elk. 
  in the evening they returned with the balance of the flesh of five Elk, 
  that of one of them having become tainted and unfit for uce. late in the 
  evening Sergt# Pryor returned with Shannon Labuish and his party down the 
  Netul. they brought with them the flesh of 4 Elk which those two hunters 
  had killed. we have both dined and suped on Elk's tongues and marrow 
  bones. 
  = 
  I have discovered that the shrub and fruit discribed on the 26th of 
  January is not that which the Indians call the Shal~lon, but that is such 
  as is there discribed, and the berry is estemed and used by the natives as 
  there mentioned except that it is not like the shallon, baked in large 
  loaves, but is simply dryed in the sun for winter uce, when they either 
  eat them in thir dryed state or boil them in water. The Shallon is the 
  production of a shrub which I have heretofore taken to be a speceis of 
  loral and mentioned as abounding in this neighbourhood and that the Elk 
  fed much on it's leaves. it generally rises to the hight of 3 feet but not 
  unusually attains to that of 5 feet. it grows very thick and is from the 
  size of a goos quill to that of a man's thumb, celindric, the bark of the 
  older or larger part of the stock is of a redish brown colour while that 
  of the younger branches and succulent shoots are red where most exposed to 
  the sun and green elsewhere. the stem is simple branching reclining, and 
  partially fluxouse, or at least the smaler stocks or such parts of them 
  and the boughs as produce the leaves, take a different direction at the 
  insertion of every petiole. the leaf is oval four & 3/4 inches in 
  length and 21/2 in width. petiolate, the petiole short only 3/8th of an 
  inch in length, celindric with a slight channel on it's upper side where 
  it is generally red; undivided or entire, slightly serrate, the apex 
  termineating in an accute point; the upper disk of a glossey deep green, 
  the under disk of a pale green; veined. the leaves are also alternate and 
  two ranked. the root is horizontal puting forth perpendicular radicles. 
  this shrub is an evergreen. the fruit is a deep perple berry about the 
  size of a buck short or common black cherry, of an ovate form tho reather 
  more bluntly pointed, than at the insertion of the peduncle; at the 
  extremity, the thin coloured membranous pellicle, which forms the surface 
  of the pericarp, is divided into five accute angular points, which meet in 
  the center, and contains a soft pulp of the same colour invelloping a 
  great number of small brown kidney formed seeds. each berry is supported 
  by a seperate celindric peduncle of half an inch in length; these to the 
  number of ten or twelve issue from a common peduncle or footstalk which is 
  fuxouse and forms the termination of the twig of the present years growth; 
  each peduncle supporting a berry is furnished with one oblong bracte 
  placed at it's insertion on the common footstalk which when the fruit is 
  ripe withers with the peduncle. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1194-1806-02-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday February 8th 1806 Sent Serjt# Ordway and two men this morning to 
  joint the party with Serjt# Gass, and bring the ballance of R# Field's 
  Elk. in the evening they returned with the ballance of the flesh of five 
  Elk, that of one of them having become tainted and unfit for use. late in 
  the evening Serjt# Pryor returned with Shannon Labieshe and his party down 
  the Netul. they brought with them the flesh of 4 Elk which those two 
  hunters had killed. 
  = 
  we have both Dined and Suped on Elks tongues and marrowbones. a great 
  Luxury for Fort Clatsop. 
  = 
  The Shat lon is a production of Shrub which I have taken heretofore to be 
  a Species of Loral and mentioned as abounding in this neighbourhood, and 
  that the Elk feed much on its leaves. it generally rises to the hight of 3 
  feet, and not unusially attain to that of 5 feet. it grows very thick and 
  is from the size of that of a goose quil to that of a mans thumb, 
  Celendric. the bark of the older or larger part of the Stalk is of a 
  redish brown Colour, whilst that of the younger branches & succulent 
  Shoots are red where most exposed to the Sun and green elsewhere. the Stem 
  is Simple branching, reclineing and partially fuxouse, or at least the 
  Smaller Stalks or Such parts of them and their boughs which produce the 
  leaves, take a different direction at the insertion of every petiole. A, 
  A, the leaves as they grow from the Stalk B# B# B the Stalk between each 
  leaf. 
  = 
  The leaf is oval 4 and 3/4 inches in length, and 2 and a half in width. 
  petiolate, the potiale Short only 3/8 of an inch in length cilindric with 
  a Slight Channel on its upper Side where it is generally red; undevided, 
  or entire, Slightly serrate, the apex termonateing in an accute point; the 
  upper disk of a glossy deep Green, the under disk of a pail Green, veined. 
  the leaves are also alternate and two ranked. the root is horozontal, 
  putting foth pirpendicular radicles. This Shrub is an evergreen. the frute 
  is a deep purple berry about the Size of a buck Shot or common black 
  cherry, of an ovale form, tho reather more bluntly pointed than at the 
  insertion of the peduncle, at the extremity, the thin coloured membranus 
  pellicle, which forms the Surfice of the paricarp, is divided into 4 
  anguar points, which meet at the Center, and Contains a Soft pulp of the 
  Same Colour invelloping a great number of Small brown kidney formed 
  Seedeach berry is Supported by a Seperate celindric peduncle of half an 
  inch in length, these to the number of 10 or 12 issue from a common 
  peduncle of footstalk which forms the termination of the twig of the 
  present years groth; each peduncle Supporting a berry is furnished with 
  one oblong bracte placed at it's insertion on the common footstalk, which 
  when the frute is ripe withers with the peduncle. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1195-1806-02-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday February 9th 1806 This morning Collins and Wiser set out on a 
  hunting excurtion; they took our Indian canoe and passed the Netul a 
  little above us. in the evening Drewyer returned; had killed nothing but 
  one beaver. he saw one black bear, which is the only one which has been 
  seen in this neighbourhood since our arrival; the Indians inform us that 
  they are abundant but are now in their holes. 
  = 
  in the marshy ground frequently overflown by the tides there grows a 
  species of fir which I take to be the same of No# 5 which it resembles in 
  every particular except that it is more defusely branched and not so 
  large, being seldom more than 30 feet high and 18 inches or 2 feet in 
  diameter; it's being more defusely branched may proceed from it's open 
  situation seldom growing very close. the cone is 21/2 inches in length and 
  33/4 in it's greatest circumpherence, which is near it's base, and from 
  which it tapers regularly to a point. it is formed of imbricated scales of 
  a bluntly rounded form, thin not very firm and smoth. a thin leaf is 
  inserted into the pith of the cone, which overlays the center of and 
  extends 1/2 an inch beyond the point of each scale. the form of this leaf 
  is somewhat thus overlaying one of the imbricated scales. 
  = 
  The stem of the black alder of this country before mentioned as arriving 
  to great size, is simply branching and defuse. the bark is smooth of a 
  light colour with white coloured spreading spots or blotches, resembling 
  much that of the beech; the leaf fructification &c is precisely that 
  of the common alder of our country. these trees grow seperately from 
  different roots and not in clusters or clumps as those of the Atlantic 
  states. fearing that our meat would spoil we set six men to jurking it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1196-1806-02-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday February 9th 1806 This morning Collins & Wiser Set out on a 
  hunting excurtion; in the evening Drewyer returned; had Killed nothing but 
  one Beaver. he Saw one black Bear, which is the only one which has been 
  seen in the neighbourhood Since our arrival. the Indians inform us that 
  they are abundant but are now in their holes. 
  = 
  In the marshey grounds frequently overflown by the tides there grows a 
  Species of fir which I took to be the Same of No# 5. from examonation I 
  find it a distinct species of fir. it is more perfusely branched. This 
  tree Seldom rises to a greater hight than 35 or 40 feet and is from 2 to 4 
  feet in Diamieter; the Bark the Same with that of No# 1. only reather more 
  rugid. the leaf is acerose, 2/10 of an inch in width and 3/4 in length, 
  they are firm Stiff and Somewhat accuminated, ending in a Short pointed 
  hard tendril, gibbous thickly scattered on all Sides of the bough as 
  respects the 3 upper Sides only; those which have their insertion on the 
  underside incline side ¬ wise with their points upwards giveing the 
  leaf the Shape of a Sythe. the others are perpindicular or pointing 
  upwards, growing as in No# 1 from Small triangular pedestals of a Soft 
  Spungy elastic bark. the under disk of these leaves or that which grows 
  nearest to the Base of the bough is of a dark glossy green, while the 
  upper or opposit side is of a whiteish pale green; in this respect 
  differing from almost all leaves. The boughs retain their leaves as far 
  back as almost to the Sixth year's groth. the peculiarity of the budscales 
  observed in No# 1 is obsd# in this Species. The Cone is 31/2 Inches in 
  length, and 3 in circumfranse, of an ovale figure being thickest in the 
  middle and tapering and terminateing in two obtuce points. it composes 
  several flexable, thin, obtusely jointed Smoth and redish brown imbricated 
  scales. each scale Covering two small winged Seed and being itself Covered 
  in the center by a small thin inferior scale accutely pointed. The Cone is 
  Some what of this figure. they proceed from the sides as well as the 
  extremities of the bough, but in the former case allways at or near the 
  Commencement of Some one years groth which in Some instances are as far 
  back as the third year 
  = 
  The Stem of the Black Alder of this countrey before mentioned as ariveing 
  at great Size, is Simple branching and defuse. the bark is Smoth of a 
  light Colour with white Coloured Spredding Spots or blotches, resembling 
  much that of beech. the leaf is procisely that of the Common alder of the 
  United States or Virginia. those trees grow Seperately from different 
  roots and not in Clusters or Clumps, as those of the atlantic States, 
  casts its folage about the 1st of December. 
  = 
  Fearing that our meat would Spoil we Set Six men to jurking it to day, 
  which they are obliged to perform in a house under shelter from the 
  repeated rains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1197-1806-02-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday February 10th 1806. Drewyer visited his traps today but caught no 
  beaver. Collins and Wiser returned had killed no Elk. Willard arrived late 
  in the evening from the Saltworks, had cut his knee very badly with his 
  tommahawk. he had killed four Elk not far from the Salt works the day 
  before yesterday, which he had butched and took a part of the meat to 
  camp, but having cut his knee was unable to be longer ucefull at the works 
  and had returned. he informed us that Bratton was very unwell, and that 
  Gibson was so sick that he could not set up or walk alone and had desired 
  him to ask us to have him brought to the Fort. Coalter also returned this 
  evening. continue the operation of drying our meat. 
  = 
  There is a tree common to the Columbia river below the entrance of 
  cataract river which in it's appearance when divested of it's foliage, 
  much resembles the white ash; the appearance of the wood and bark is also 
  that of the ash. it's stem is simple branching and diffuse. the leaf is 
  petiolate, plane, scattered, palmate lobate, divided by four deep sinuses; 
  the lobes are repand, or terminate in from 3 to 5 accute angular points, 
  while their margins are indented with irregular and somewhat circular 
  incissures. the petiole is celendric smooth and 7 inches long. the leaf 8 
  inches in length and 12 in bredth. this tree is frequently 3 feet in 
  diameter and rises to 40 or 50 feet high. the fruit is a winged seed 
  somewhate like the maple. in the same part of the country there is also 
  another growth which resembles the white maple in it's appearance, only 
  that it is by no means so large; seldom being more than from 6 to 9 inches 
  in diamater, and from 15 to 20 feet high; they frequently grow in clusters 
  as if from the same bed of roots spreading and leaning outwards. the twigs 
  are long and slender. the stems simple branching. the bark smooth and in 
  colour resembling that of the white maple. the leaf is petiolate, plane, 
  scattered nearly circular, with it's margin cut with accute angular 
  incissures of an inch in length and from six to 8 in number the accute 
  angular points formed by which incissures are crenate, or cut with small 
  accute angular incissures. or in this form. it is 3 inches in length, and 
  4 in width. the petiole celindric smooth and one and a 1/4 inches long. 
  the fruit or flower not known. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1198-1806-02-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday February 10th 1806 Collins and Wiser returned without killing any 
  Elk. Willard arrived late this evening from the Salt Camp, he had cut his 
  knee very badly with his tomahawk. he had killed four Elk not far from the 
  Salt Camp, the day before yesterday, which he had butchered and took a 
  part of the meat to the Camp, but haveing Cut his Knee was unable to be 
  longer Servisable at the works & had returned. he informed us that 
  Bratten was very unwell, and that Gibson was So Sick that he could not Set 
  up or walk alone, and had desired him to ask us to have him brought to the 
  Fort. Colter also returnd. this evening. continue the opperation of dryin 
  our meat. 
  = 
  There is a tree common to the Columbia river below the enterance of 
  Cataract River which in its appearance when divested of its folage, much 
  resembles the white ash; the appearance of the wood and bark is also that 
  of the ash. it's Stem is Simple branching and diffuse. the lief is 
  petiolate, plane, scattered palmate lobate, divided by four deep Sinusus; 
  the lobes are repand or terminate in from 3 to 5 accute angular points, 
  while their margins are indented with irregular and Somewhat Circular 
  incissures. the peteole is Celindric Smoth and 7 inches long. the leaf 8 
  inches in length and 12 in bredth. this tree is frequently 2 & 3 feet 
  in diamieter, and rises to 50 or 60 feet high~the froot is a winged Seed 
  Somewhat like the maple. In the Same part of the countrey there is also 
  another groth, which resembles the white maple in its appearance, only 
  that it is by no means so large, seldom being more than from 6 to 9 inches 
  in diamieter, and from 20 to 30 feet high; they frequently grow in 
  clusters as if from the same bed or root, Spreading and leaning outwards. 
  the twigs are long and Slender. the Stems simple branching. the bark Smoth 
  and in Colour resembles that of the white maple. the leaf is patiolate, 
  plain, scattered nearly circular, with it's margin cut with accute anglar 
  incissures of an inch in length and from 6 to 8 in number, the accute 
  angular points formed, by which incissures, are crenate, or cut with small 
  angular incissures. or in this form. it is 3 inches in length, and 4 in 
  width. the petiole is cilendric smoth and 11/4 inches long. the froot or 
  flour I have not as yet found out &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1199-1806-02-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday February 11th 1806. This morning Sergt# Gass Reubin Fields and 
  Thompson passed the Netul opposite to us on a hunting expedition. sent 
  Sergt Pryor with a party of four men to bring Gibson to the fort. also 
  sent Colter and Wiser to the Salt works to carry on the business with 
  Joseph Fields; as Bratton had been sick we desired him to return to the 
  Fort also if he thought proper; however in the event of his not coming 
  Wiser was directed to return. 
  = 
  There is a shrub which grows commonly in this neighbourhood which is 
  precisely the same with that in Virginia some times called the quillwood. 
  also another which grows near the water in somewhat moist grounds & 
  rises to the hight of 5 or 6 feet with a large, peteolate spreading plane, 
  crenate and somewhat woolly leaf like the rose raspberry. it is much 
  branched the bark of a redish brown colour and is covered with a number of 
  short hooked thorns which renders it extreemly disagreeable to pass among; 
  it dose not cast it's foliage untill about the 1st of December. this is 
  also the case with the black alder. There is also found in this 
  neighbourhood an evergreen shrub which I take to be another variety of the 
  Shallun and that discribed under that name in mistake on the 26th of 
  January. this shrub rises to the hight of from four to five feet, the stem 
  simple branching, defuse and much branched. the bark is of a redish dark 
  brown, that of the mane stein is somewhat rough while that of the boughs 
  is smooth. the leaves are petiolate the petiole 1/40 of an inch long; 
  oblong, obtuse at the apex and accute angular at the insertion of the 
  petiole; 3/4 of an inch in length and Ysths in width; convex, somewhat 
  revolute, serrate, smoth and of a paler green than the evergreens usually 
  are; they are also opposite and ascending. the fruit is a small deep 
  perple berry like the common huckleberry of a pleasent flavor. they are 
  seperately scattered & attatched to the small boughs by short 
  peduncles. . the natives eat this berry when ripe but seldom collect it in 
  such quantities as to dry it for winter uce. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1200-1806-02-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday February 11th 1806. This Morning Serjt# Gass R# Field and J# 
  Thompson passed the Netul opposit to us on a hunting expedition. Sent 
  Serjeant Natl. Pryor with 4 men in a Canoe to bring gibson to the Fort. 
  also Sent Colter & P# Weser to the Salt works to carry on the business 
  with Jos. Field; as bratten is also Sick we derected that he Should return 
  to the fort if he continued unwell; There is Shrub which grows Commonly in 
  this neighbourhood which grows on the Steep Sides of the hills and also in 
  low moist grounds, and rise to the hight of 5 or 6 feet with a large 
  peteolate, Spreading plain crenate and Somewhat woolly leaf like the rose 
  raspberry. it is much branched the bark of a redish brown colour and is 
  covered with a number of Short hooked thorns which renders it extreamly 
  disagreeable to pass among, it does not cast its foliage untill about the 
  1st of December. 
  = 
  There is a Species of bryor which is common in this neighbourhood of a 
  green colour which grows most abundant in the rich dry lands near the 
  water courses, but is also found in Small quantities in the piney lands at 
  a distance from the water Courses in the former Situations the Stem is 
  frequently the Size of a mans finger and rise perpendicularly to the hight 
  of 4 or 5 feet when it decends in an arch and becoms procumbent or rests 
  on Some neighbouring plant or Srubs; it is Simple unbranched and 
  celindric; in the latter Situation it is much Smaller, and usially 
  procumbent. the Stem is armed with Sharp and hooked bryors. the leaf is 
  peteolate, ternate and resembles in Shape and appearance that of the 
  purple Raspberry common to the atlantic States. The frute is a berry 
  resembling the Blackberry in every respect and is eaten when ripe and much 
  esteemed by the nativs but is not dryed for winters Consumption. in the 
  Countrey about the enterance of the quick Sand rivers I first discovered 
  this bryor, it grows So abundantly in the furtile Vally of Columbia and on 
  the Islands in that part of the river, that the Countrey near the river is 
  almost impenitrable in maney places. This green Bryor retains its leaf or 
  foliage and virdue untill late in December. The Briory bush with a wide 
  leaf is also one of its ascociates. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1201-1806-02-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday February 12th 1806. This morning we were visited by a Clatsop 
  man who brought with him three dogs as a remuneration for the Elk which 
  him self and nation had stolen from us some little time since, how ever 
  the dogs took the alarm and ran off; we suffered him to remain in the fort 
  all night. 
  = 
  There are two species of ever green shrubs which I first met with at the 
  grand rappids of the Columbia and which I have since found in this 
  neighbourhood also; they grow in rich dry ground not far usually from some 
  watercourse. the roots of both species are creeping and celindric. the 
  stem of the 1st is from a foot to 18 inches high and as large as a 
  goosqull; it is simple unbranced and erect. it's leaves are cauline, 
  compound and spreading. the leafets are jointed and oppositely pinnate, 3 
  pare & terminating in one, sessile, widest at the base and tapering to 
  an accuminated point, an inch and a quarter the greatest width, and 3 
  inches & a 1/4 in length. each point of their crenate margins armed 
  with a subulate thorn or spine and are from 13 to 17 in number. they are 
  also veined, glossy, carinated and wrinkled; their points obliquely 
  pointing towards the extremity of the common footstalk. The stem of 
  the 2nd is procumbent abot the size of the former, jointed and unbranched. 
  it's leaves are cauline, compound and oppositely pinnate; the rib from 14 
  to 16 inches long celindric and smooth. the leafets 21/2 inches long and 1 
  inch wide. greatest width 1/2 inch from their base, to which they are 
  regularly rounded, and from the same point tapering to an accute apex, 
  wich is mostly, but not invariably tirminated with a small subulate thorn. 
  they are jointed and oppositely pinnate, consisting of 6 pare and 
  terminating in one, sessile serrate, or like the teeth of a whipsaw, each 
  point terminating in a small subulate spine, being from 25 to 27 in 
  number; veined, smooth, plane and of a deep green, their points tending 
  obliquely towards the extremity of the rib or common footstalk. I do not 
  know the fruit or flower of either. the 1st resembles the plant common to 
  many parts of the U States called the mountain holley. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1202-1806-02-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday February 12th 1806. This morning we were visited by a Clatsop 
  man who brought with him three dogs as a remuneration for the Elk which 
  himself and Nation had Stolen from us Some little time Sence, however the 
  dogs took the alarm and ran off; we suffered him to remain in the fort all 
  night. 
  = 
  There are two Species of evergreen Shrubs. this is the leaf of one which I 
  first met with at the grand rapids of the Columbia River, and which I have 
  sence found in this neighbourhood also; they usially grow in rich dry 
  ground not far from Some water course. the roots of both Species are 
  creeping and celindric. the Stem of the first (as above) is from a foot to 
  18 inches high and as large as a Goose quil; it is Simple and erect. its 
  leaves are cauline, and Spredding. the leafits are jointed & oppositly 
  poinnate 3 par and termonateing in one, cessile widest at the base and 
  tapering to an accuminated point, an inch and 1/4 the greatest width; 
  & 31/4 inches in length. each point of their crenate margins armed 
  with a thorn or Spine, and are from 13 to 17 in number. they are also 
  veined, glossy, corinated and wrinkled; their points obliquely pointing 
  towards the extremity of the Common footstalk. 
  = 
  The Stem of the 2nd is procumbent about the Size of the former, jointed 
  and umbracated. it's leaves are Cauline, compound and oppositly pointed; 
  the rib from 14 to 16 inches long Celendric and Smooth the leafits 21/2 
  inches long and 1 inch wide. the greatest width 1/2 inch from their base 
  which they are regularly rounded, and from the Same point tapering to an 
  accute apex, which is mostly but not entirely termonated with a Small 
  Subulate thorn. they are jointed & oppositly pointed consisting of 6 
  par and termonateing in one (in this form) sessile, Serrate, or like the 
  teeth of a whipsaw, each point terminateing in a small subulate spine, 
  being from 25 to 27 in numbr; veined, Smoth, plane and of a deep green, 
  their points tending obliquely towards the extremity of the rib or common 
  footstalk. I do not know the fruit or flower of either. the 1st resembles 
  a plant Common to maney parts of the United States Called the Mountain 
  Holly 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1203-1806-02-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday February 13th 1806. The Clatsop left us this morning at 11 A#M# 
  not any thing transpired during the day worthy of notice. yesterday we 
  completed the operation of drying the meat, and think we have a sufficient 
  stock to last us this month. the Indians inform us that we shall have 
  great abundance of a small fish in March which from their discription must 
  be the herring. these people have also informed us that one More who 
  sometimes touches at this place and trades with the natives of this coast, 
  had on board of his vessel three Cows, and that when he left them he 
  continued his course along the N# W# coast. I think this strong 
  circumstancial proof that there is a stettlement of white persons at 
  Nootka sound or some point to the N# W# of us on the coast. 
  = 
  There is a species of bryer which is common in this neighbourhood of a 
  green colour which grows most abundant in the rich dry lands near the 
  watercourses, but is also found in small quantities in the piny lands at a 
  distance from the watercourses in the former situation the stem is 
  frequently the size of a man's finger and rises perpendicularly to the 
  hight of 4 or 5 feet when it decends in an arch and becomes procumbent or 
  rests on some neighbouring plants or shrubs; it is simple unbranched and 
  celindric; in the latter situation it is much smaller and usually 
  procumbent. the stem is armed with sharp and hooked bryers. the leaf is 
  peteolate ternate and resembles in shape and appearance that of the perple 
  raspberry common to the Atlantic states. the fruit is a berry resembling 
  the black berry in every rispect and is eaten when ripe and much esteemed 
  by the natives but is not dryed for winter consumption. in the country 
  about the entrance of the quicksand river I first discovered this bryer. 
  it groows so abundantly in the fertile valley of Columbia and the Islands 
  in that part of the river that the country near the river is almost 
  impenitrable in many places. the briary bush with a wide leaf is also one 
  of it's ascociates. the green bryer retains it's foliage and verdure 
  untill late in December. There are also two species of firn which 
  are common to this country beside that formerly discribed of which the 
  natives eat the roots. these from their disparity in point of size I shall 
  designate the large and small firn. both species continue green all 
  winter. The large farn, rises to the height of 3 or four feet the 
  stem is a common footstalk or rib which proceedes immediately from the 
  radix wich is somewhat flat on two sides about the size of a man's arm and 
  covered with innumerable black coarce capillary radicles which issue from 
  every pat of it's surface; one of those roots or a collected bed of them 
  will send fourth from twenty to forty of those common footstalks all of 
  which decline or bend outwards from the common center. these ribs are 
  cylindric and marked longitudinally their whole length with a groove or 
  channel on their upper side. on either side of this grove a little below 
  it's edge, the leafets are inserted, being shortly petiolate for about 2/3 
  ds of the length of the middle rib commencing at the bottom and from 
  thence to the extremity sessile. the rib is terminated by a single 
  undivided lanceolate gagged leafet. the leafets are lanceolate, from 2 to 
  4 inches in length gagged and have a small accute angular projection on 
  the upper edge near the base where it is spuar on the side which has the 
  projection and obliquely cut at the base on the other side of the rib of 
  the leafet. or which will give a better idea in this form. the upper 
  surface is Smooth and of a deep green the under disk of a pale green and 
  covered with a brown bubersence of a woolly appearance particularly near 
  the cental fiber or rib. these leafets are alternately pinnate. they are 
  in number from 110 to 140; shortest at the two extremities of the common 
  footstalk and longest in the center, graduly lengthening and deminishing 
  as they succeed each other. 
  = 
  The small firn also rises with a common footstalk from the radix and are 
  from four to eight in number. about 8 inches long; the central rib marked 
  with a slight longitudinal groove throughout it's whole length. the 
  leafets are oppositely pinnate about 1/3 rd of the length of the common 
  footstalk from the bottom and thence alternately pinnate; the footstalk 
  terminating in a simple undivided nearly entire lanceolate leafet. the 
  leafets are oblong, obtuse, convex absolutely entire, marked on the upper 
  disk with a slight longitudinal groove in place of the central rib, smooth 
  and of a deep green. near the upper extremity these leafets are 
  decursively pinnate as are also those of the large f rn. The grasses of 
  this neighbourhood are generally coase harsh and sedge~like, and grow in 
  large tufts. there is none except in the open grounds. near the coast on 
  the tops of some of the untimbered hills there is a finer and softer 
  species which resembles much the green swoard. the salt marshes also 
  produce a coarse grass, Bull rushes and the Cattail flagg. the two last 
  the natives make great use in preparing their mats bags &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1204-1806-02-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday February 13th 1806. The Clatsop left us this morning at 11 A#M# 
  not anything transpired dureing the day worthy of notice. yesterday we 
  completed the opperation of drying the meat, and think we have a 
  Sufficient Stock to last us this month. the Indians inform us that we 
  shall have great abundance of Small fish in March. which from the 
  discription must be the Herring. Those people have also informed us that 
  one Moore who sometimes touches at this place and traded with the nativs 
  of this Coast, had on board his Ship 3 Cows, and that when he left them he 
  continued his course along the N W# Coast. I think this (if those Cows 
  were not Coats) Strong circumstantial proof that their is a Settlement of 
  white persons at Nootka Sound or Some place to the N W# of us on the 
  coast. 
  = 
  There are also two Species of firn which are common to this Countrey 
  besides that before mentioned of which the nativs eate the roots. these 
  two from their disparity in point of Size I shall distinguish the large 
  and Small firn. both species continue green all winter 
  = 
  The large fern, rise to the hight of 3 or 4 feet, the Stem is a Common 
  footstalk or rib which proceeds imediately from the radix which is 
  Somewhat flat on two Sides about the Size of a man's arm and covered with 
  innumerable black coarse capillary radicles which issue from every part of 
  its surface; one of those roots or a collected bead of them will Send 
  forth from 20 to 40 of those Common footstalks all of which decline or 
  bend outwards from the Common center. those ribs are cylindric and marked 
  longitudinally their whole length with a groove or channel on their upper 
  Side. on either Side of this groove a little below it's edge, the leafets 
  are inserted, being partly petiolate for about 2/3ds of the length of the 
  middle rib, commenceing at the bottom and from thence to the extremity 
  Sessile. the rib is termonated by a Single undevided lanceolate gagged 
  leafet. the leafets are lanceolate, from 2 to 4 inches in length gagged 
  and have a Small accute angular projection and obliquely cut at the base 
  on either Side of the rib of the leafet. upper Surface is Smooth and of a 
  deep Green, the under disk of a pale Green and covered with a brown 
  Substance of a woolly appearance particalarly near the center fiber or rib 
  these leafets are alternately pointed they are in number from 110 to 140; 
  shortest at the two extremities of the common footstalk and longest in the 
  center, gradually lengthing and diminishing as they Suckceed each other 
  = 
  The Small firn also rises with a Common footstalk from the radix and are 
  from 4 to 8 in number, about 8 inches long; the Central rib marked with a 
  Slight longitudinal Groove through out it's whole length. the leafets are 
  oppositly pinnate about A of the length of the Common footstalk from the 
  bottom and thence alternately pinnate; the footstalk termonating in a 
  Simple undevided nearly entire lanceolate leafet. the leafets are oblong, 
  obtuse, convex absolutely entire, marked on the upper disk with a Slight 
  longitudinal grove in place of the central rib, smooth and of a deep 
  green; near the upper extremity those lefets are decurscivily pinnate as 
  are also those of the larg firn. 
  = 
  The Grass's of this neighbourhood are generally coarse harsh and Sedge 
  like, and grow in large tufts. there is none except in the open grounds. 
  near the Coast on the top of Some of the untimbered hills there is a finer 
  and Softer Species which resembles much the Greensword. the Salt marshes 
  also produce a Corse grass, Bullrushes and the Cattail flaggs. of the two 
  last the nativs make great use in prepareing their mats bags &c# in 
  those bags they Carry their fish Berries roots &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1205-1806-02-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday February 14th 1806. We are very uneasy with rispect to our sick men 
  at the salt works. Sergt# Pryor and party have not yet returned nor can we 
  conceive what causes their delay. Drewyer visited his traps today and 
  caught a very fine fat beaver on which we feasted this evening. on the 
  11th inst# Capt Clark completed a map of the country through which we have 
  been passing from Fort Mandan to this place. in this map the Missouri 
  Jefferson's river the S# E# branch of the Columbia, Kooskooske and 
  Columbia from the entrance of the S# E# fork to the pacific Ocean as well 
  as a part of Flathead river and our tract across the Rocky Mountains are 
  laid down by celestial observation and survey. the rivers are also 
  connected at their sources with other rivers agreeably to the information 
  of the natives and the most probable conjecture arrising from their 
  capacities and the relative positions of their rispective entrances which 
  last have with but few exceptions been established by celestial 
  observation. we now discover that we have found the most practicable and 
  navigable passage across the Continent of North America; it is that which 
  we traveled with the exception of that part of our rout from the 
  neighbourhood of the entrance of Dearborn's River untill we arrived on 
  Clarks river at the entrance of Traveler's rest creek; the distance 
  between those two points would be traveled more advantageously by land as 
  the navigation of the Missouri above the river Dearborn is laborious and 
  420 miles distant by which no advantage is gained as the rout which we are 
  compelled to travel by land from the source of Jefferson's river to the 
  entrance of Travelers rest Creek is 220 miles being further by 500 miles 
  than that from the entrance of Dearborn's river to the last mentioned 
  point and a much worse rout if Indian information is to be relyed on; from 
  the same information the Flathead river like that of the S# E# fork of the 
  Columbia which heads with Jefferson's and Maddison's Rivers can not be 
  navigated through the Rocky Mountains in consequence of falls & 
  rappids and as a confermation of this fact, we discovered that there were 
  no salmon in the Flathead river, which is the case in the S# E# branch of 
  the Columbia although it is not navigable. added to this, the Indians 
  further inform us, that the Flathead river runs in the direction of the 
  Rocky Mountains for a great distance to the North before it discharges 
  itself into the Columbia river, which last from the same information from 
  the entrance of the S# E# fork to that of Flathead river is obstructed 
  with a great number of difficult and dangerous rappids. considering 
  therefore the danger and difficulties attending the navigation of the 
  Columbia in this part, as well as the circuitous and distant rout formed 
  by itself and the Flathead river we conceive that even admitting the 
  Flathead river contrary to information to be as navigable as the Columbia 
  river below it's entrance, that the tract by land over the Rocky Mountains 
  usually traveled by the natives from the Entrance of Traveller's~rest 
  Creek to the forks of the Kooskooske is preferable; the same being a 
  distance of 184 Miles. The inferrence therefore deduced from those 
  premices are that the best and most Practicable rout across the Continent 
  is by way of the Missouri to the entrance of Dearborn's river or near that 
  place; from thence to flathead river at the entrance of Traveller's rest 
  Creek, from thence up Traveller's rest creek to the forks, from whence you 
  pursue a range of mounttains which divides the waters of the two forks of 
  this creek, and which still continuing it's West wardly course divides the 
  waters of the two forks of the Kooskooske river to their junction; from 
  thence to decend this river by water to the S# E# branch of the Columbia, 
  thence down that river to the Columbia and with the latter to the Pacific 
  Ocean. 
  = 
    <div style="height: 8em;"> 
  <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> 
    </div> 
    <p> 
  = 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1206-1806-02-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday February 14th 1806 We are very uneasy with respect to our Sick men 
  at the Salt works. Serjt# Pryor and party haveing not yet returneded, nor 
  can we conceive what can be the Cause of their delay. Drewyer visited his 
  traps & to day and Cought a fine fat beaver on which we feasted this 
  evening and thought it a great delecessey. . 
  = 
  I compleated a map of the Countrey through which we have been passing from 
  the Mississippi at the Mouth of Missouri to this place. In the Map the 
  Missouri Jefferson's river the S# E# branch of the Columbia or Lewis's 
  river, Koos~koos~ke and Columbia from the enterance of the S# E fork to 
  the pacific Ocian, as well as a part of Clark's river and our track across 
  the Rocky Mountains are laid down by celestial observations and Survey. 
  the rivers are also conected at their Sources with other rivers agreeably 
  to the information of the nativs and the most probable conjecture arrising 
  from their capacities and the relative positions of their respective 
  enterances which last have with but fiew exceptions been established by 
  celestial observations. We now discover that we have found the most 
  practicable and navigable passage across the Continent of North America; 
  it is that which we have traveled with the exception of that part of our 
  rout from the foot of the Falls of the Missouri, or in neighbourhood of 
  the enterance of the Rocky Mountains untill we arive on Clarks river at 
  the enterence of Travelers~rest Creek; the distance between those two 
  points would be traveled more advantagiously by land as the navigation of 
  the Missouri above the Falls is crooked laborious and 521 miles distant by 
  which no advantage is gained as the rout which we are compelled to travel 
  by land from the Source of Jeffersons River to the enterance of Travellers 
  rest Creek is 220 miles being further by At. 600 miles than that from the 
  Falls of the Missourie to the last mentioned point (Travellers rest Creek) 
  and a much worse rout if indian information is to be relied on which is 
  from the So so nee or Snake Indians, and the Flatheads of the Columbia 
  west of the rocky mountains. from the Same information Clarks river like 
  that of the S# E# branch of the Columbia which heads with Jefferson's and 
  Maddisons river's can not be navagated thro the rocky mountains in 
  consequence of falls and rapids, and as a confirmation of the fact we 
  discovered that there were no Salmon in Clark's river, which is not the 
  Case in the S# E# branch of the Columbia altho it is not navagable. added 
  to this, the Indians of different quartes further inform us, that Clark's 
  river runs in the direction of the Rocky Mountains for a great distance to 
  the north before it discharges itself into the Columbia river ¬ from 
  the Same information the Columbia from the enterance of the S# E# branch 
  to the enterance of Clark's river is obstructed with a great number of 
  dificuelt and dangerous rapids (and the place Clark's river comes out of 
  the Rocky mountains is a tremendious falls &c which there is no 
  possibillity of passing the mountains either by land or water.) 
  Considering therefore the dangers and deficuelties attending the 
  navigation of the Columbia in this part, as well as the circuitous and 
  distant rout formed by itself and that of Clark's River we Conceive that 
  even admitting that Clarks river contrary to information to be as 
  navagable as the Columbia below it's enterance, that the tract by land 
  over the Rocky Mountains usially traveled by the nativs from the enterance 
  of Travellers rest Creek to the Forks of the Kooskooske is preferable; the 
  Same being a distance of 184 miles. The inferrence therefore deduced from 
  these premises are, that the best and most practicable rout across the 
  Continent is by way of the Missouri to the Great Falls; thence to Clarks 
  river at the enterance of Travellers rest Creek, from thence up travillers 
  rest Creek to the forks, from whence you prosue a range of mountains which 
  divides the waters of the two forks of this Creek, and which still 
  Continues it's westwardly Course on the mountains which divides the waters 
  of the two forks of the Kooskooske river to their junction; from thence to 
  decend this river to the S# E# branch of the Columbia, thence down that 
  river to the Columbia, and down the Latter to the Pacific Ocian. There is 
  a large river which falls into the Columbia on its South Side at what 
  point we could not lern; which passes thro those extencive Columbian 
  Plains from the South East, and as the Indians inform us head in the 
  mountains South of the head of Jeffersons River and at no great distance 
  from the Spanish Settlements, and that that fork which heads with the 
  River Rajhone and waters of the Missouri passes through those extensive 
  plains in which there is no wood, and the river Crowded with rapids & 
  falls many of which are impassable. the other or westerly fork passes near 
  a range of mountains and is the fork which great numbers of Indian Bands 
  of the So sone or Snake Indians, this fork most probably heads with North 
  River or the waters of Callifornia. This River may afford a practicable 
  land Communication with New Mexico by means of its western fork. This 
  river cannot be navagable as an unpracticable rapid is within one mile of 
  its enterance into the Columbia, and we are fully purswaded that a rout by 
  this river if practicable at all, would lengthen the distance greatly and 
  incounter the Same dificuelties in passing the Rocky Mountains with the 
  rout by way of Travellers rest Creek & Clarks river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1207-1806-02-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday February 15th 1806. Drewyer and Whitehouse set out this morning 
  on a hunting excurtion towards the praries of Point Adams. we have heard 
  our hunters over the Netul fire several shot today, but have had no 
  account from them as yet. about 3 P#M# Bratton arrived from the salt works 
  and informed us that Sergt# Pryor and party were on their way with Gibson 
  who is so much reduced that he cannot stand alone and that they are 
  obliged to carry him in a litter. Bratton himself appears much reduced 
  with his late indisposition but is now recovering fast. Bratton informed 
  that the cause of Sergt# Pryor's delay was attributeable to the winds 
  which had been so violent for several days as to render it impossible to 
  get a canoe up the creek to the point where it was necessary to pass with 
  Gibson. the S# W# winds are frequently very violent on the coast when we 
  are but little sensible of them at Fort Clatsop. in consequence of the 
  lofty and thickly timbered fir country which surrounds us on that quarter 
  from the South to the North East. 
  = 
  after dark Sergt# Pryor arrived with Gibson. we are much pleased in 
  finding him by no means as ill as we had expected. we do no conceive him 
  in danger by any means, tho he has yet a fever and is much reduced. we 
  beleive his disorder to have orriginated in a violent cold which he 
  contracted in hunting and pursuing Elk and other game through the swams 
  and marshes about the salt works. he is nearly free from pain tho a 
  gooddeel reduced and very languid. we gave him broken dozes of diluted 
  nitre and made him drink plentifully of sage tea, had his feet bathed in 
  warm water and at 9 P#M# gave him 35 drops of laudanum. 
  = 
  The quadrupeds of this country from the Rocky Mountains to the pacific 
  Ocean are 1st the domestic animals, consisting of the horse and the dog 
  only; 2cdly the native wild animals, consisting of the Brown white or 
  grizly bear, (which I beleive to be the same family with a mearly 
  accedental difference in point of colour) the black bear, the common red 
  deer, the black tailed fallow deer, the Mule deer, Elk, the large brown 
  wolf, the small woolf of the plains, the large wolf of the plains, the 
  tiger cat, the common red fox, black fox or fisher, silver fox, large red 
  fox of the plains, small fox of the plains or kit fox, Antelope, sheep, 
  beaver, common otter, sea Otter, mink, spuck, seal, racoon, large grey 
  squirrel, small brown squirrel, small grey squirrel, ground squirrel, 
  sewelel, Braro, rat, mouse, mole, Panther, hare, rabbit, and polecat or 
  skunk. all of which shall be severally noticed in the order in which they 
  occur as well as shuch others as I learn do exist and which not been here 
  recapitulated. The horse is confined principally to the nations inhabiting 
  the great plains of Columbia extending from Latitude 40° to 50° N# and 
  occuping the tract of country lying between the rocky mountains and a 
  range of Mountains which pass the columbia river about the great falls or 
  from Longitude 116 to 121 West. in this extesive tract of principally 
  untimbered country so far as we have leant the following nations reside 
  (viz) the Sosone or snake Indians, the Chopunnish, sokulks, Cutssahnims, 
  Chymnapums, Ehelutes, Eneshuh & Chilluckkittequaws. all of whom enjoy 
  the bennefit of that docile, generous and valuable anamal the horse, and 
  all of them except the three last have immence numbers of them. Their 
  horses appear to be of an excellent race; they are lofty eligantly formed 
  active and durable; in short many of them look like the fine English 
  coarsers and would make a figure in any country. some of those horses are 
  pided with large spots of white irregularly scattered and intermixed with 
  the black brown bey or some other dark colour, but much the larger portion 
  are of an uniform colour with stars snips and white feet, or in this 
  rispect marked much like our best blooded horses in virginia, which they 
  resemble as well in fleetness and bottom as in form and colours. the 
  natives suffer them to run at large in the plains, the grass of which 
  furnishes them with their only subsistence their masters taking no trouble 
  to lay in a winters store for them, but they even keep fat if not much 
  used on the dry grass of the plains during the winter. no rain scarcely 
  ever falls in these plains and the grass is short and but thin. The 
  natives appear to take no pains in scelecting their male horses from which 
  they breed, in short those of that discription which I have noticed 
  appeared much the most indifferent. whether the horse was orrigeonally a 
  native of this country or not it is out of my power to determine as we can 
  not understand the language of the natives sufficiently to ask the 
  question. at all events the country and climate appears well adapted to 
  this anamal. horses are said to be found wild in many parts of this 
  extensive plain country. the several tribes of Sosones who reside towards 
  Mexico on the waters of Clark's river or particularly one of them called 
  Sh&~bo~bo~ah have also a great number of mules, which among the 
  Indians I find are much more highly prized than horses. an eligant horse 
  may be purchased of the natives in this country for a lew peads or other 
  paltry trinkets which in the U States would not cost more than one or two 
  dollars. This abundance and cheapness of horses will be extremely 
  advantageous to those who may hereafter attemt the fir trade to the East 
  Indies by way of the Columbia river and the Pacific Ocean. the mules 
  in the possession of the Indians are principally stolen from the Spaniards 
  of Mexeco; they appear to be large and fine such as we have seen. Among 
  the Sosones of the upper part of the S# E# fork of the Columbia we saw 
  several horses with spanish brands on them which we supposed had been 
  stolen from the inhabitants of Mexeco. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1208-1806-02-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday February 15th 1806 Drewyer and Whitehouse Set out on a hunting 
  excurtion towards the mountains Southwest of us. we have heard our hunters 
  over the Netul fire Several Shot today, but have had no account of them as 
  yet. 3 P#M# Bratten arived from the Saltworks, and informed us that Serjt# 
  Pryor and party were on their way with gibson in a litter. he is verry bad 
  and much reduced with his present indisposition. Wm# Bratten appears much 
  reduced, and is yet verry unwell. he informs that the Cause of Sergt# 
  Pryor's delay was attributiable to the winds which had been so violent for 
  Several days as to render it impossible to get a Canoe up the Creek to the 
  point where it was necessary to pass with Gibson. the S# W# winds are 
  frequently very violent on the coast when we are but little Sensible of 
  them at Fort Clatsop. in Consequence of the lofty and thickly timbered fir 
  country which Surrounds us from that quarter, from the South to the N# 
  East. . After Dark Sergt# Pryor arrived with Gibson. we are much pleased 
  in findeing him by no means as ill as we had expected. we do not conceive 
  him in danger by any means, tho he has yet a fever and is much reduced. we 
  believe his disorder to have originated in a violent Cold which he 
  contracted in hunting and prosueing Elk and other game through the Swamps 
  and marshes about the salt works. he is nearly free from pain tho a good 
  deel reduced and very languid. we gave him double doses of diluted niter 
  and made him drink plentifully of Sage tea, had his feat bathed in worm 
  water and at 9 P#M# gave him 35 drops of laudanum. 
  = 
  The quadrupeds of this countrey from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific 
  Ocian are first the Domestic Animals, consisting of the Horses and Dogs 
  only; 2ndly the Native Wild Animals, consisting of the White, brown, or 
  Grizly bear (which I believe to be the same family with a mearly 
  accidentail difference in point of Colour) The Black Bear, the Elk, the 
  Common red Deer, the Mule deer, the black tailed fallow Deer, the large 
  brown wolf, the Small wolf of the Plains, the large wolf of the Plains, 
  Panther, the tiger cat, the common red fox, the black fox or fisher, the 
  Silver fox, large red fox of the plains, Small fox of the plains or kit 
  fox, Antelope, Sheep, beaver, Common Otter, Sea Otter, minks, Seals 
  racoons, large Grey Squerrel, Small brown Squirrel, Small grey Squirrel, 
  Ground Squirrel, Sewelel, Braro, rat, mouse, mole, hare, rabbet, and pole 
  Cat or Skunk. all of which Shall be Severally noticed in the order in 
  which they occur as well as Such others as I learn do exist, and which not 
  been here recapitulated. 
  = 
  The Horse is principally Confined to the Nations inhabiting the great 
  Plains of Columbia extending from Latitude 40° to 50° N# and occupying the 
  tract of Countrey lying between the Rocky Mountains and a rang of 
  mountains which pass the Columbia River about the Great Falls or from 
  Longitude 116° to 121° West in this extensive tract of Principally 
  untimbered countrey So far as we have lernt the following nations reside 
  (viz) The Sosone, or Snake Indians inhabiting the South fork or  ¿¿ 
  River, the Chopunnish, Sokulk's, Cutssahnims, Chym na pum, Ehelutes, 
  Eneshuh & Chilluckkittequaws. all of whome enjoy the benifit of that 
  docile generous and valueable Animal the Horse, and all of them except the 
  three last have emence numbers of them. their horses appear to be of an 
  excellent race; they are lofty eligantly formed active and durable; in 
  Short maney of them look like the fine English coursers and would make a 
  figure in any country. Some of those horses in pided with large spots of 
  white irrigularly scattered and intermixed with black, brown, Bey or Some 
  other dark colour, but much the larger portion are of a uniform Colour 
  with Stars, snips, and white feet, or in this respect marked much like our 
  best blooded horses in the U, States, which they resemble as well in 
  fleetness and bottom as in form and Colour. the nativs Suffer them to run 
  at large in the plains, the Grass of which furnish them with their only 
  Subsistance, their owners takeing no trouble to lay in a winters Store for 
  them, but they keep fat if not much used on the dry grass of the plains 
  dureing the winter. rain scercely ever falls in those plains and the Grass 
  is Short and but thin. the nativs appear to take no pains in Selecting 
  their male horses from which they bread, in Short those of that 
  discription which I have noticed appear much the most indifferent. whether 
  the horses was originally a native of this Country or not, it is out of my 
  power to determine as we cannot understand the language of the nativs 
  Sufficiently to ask the question. at all events the Country and Climate 
  appears well adapted to this Animal. Horses are Said to be found wild in 
  maney parts of this extensive plain Country. The Several tribes of 
  Sosones who reside near Mexico on the waters of Clark's river, or 
  particularly one of them called Shd~bo~bo~ah have also a great number of 
  Mules, which among the Inds# I find are much more highly prized than 
  horses. an eligant horse may be purchased of the nativs in this Country 
  for a fiew beeds or other paltry trinkits which in the United States would 
  not cost more than one or two dollars. This abundance and Cheepness of 
  horses will be extremely advantagious to those who may hereafter attempt 
  the fir trade to the East Indies by way of the Columbia and the Pacific 
  Ocian. . The mules in the possession of the Inds# are principally Stolen 
  from the Spaniards of New Mexico; Such as we have Seen appear to be large 
  with Spanish brands. among the Sosones of the upper part of Lewis's river 
  we Saw Several horses with Spanish brands on them which the nativs 
  informed us Came from the South most probably from the Settlement in New 
  Mexico, on the heads of the North river or waters of the Bay of 
  California. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1209-1806-02-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday February 16th 1806. By several trials made today in order to adjust 
  my Octant and ascertain her error in the direct observation, I found that 
  it was 2° 1' 45" + or additive beyond the fracture; this error was 
  ascertained by a comparison with my sextant the error of which had been 
  previously ascertained. the error of Octant in the direct observation on 
  the broken limb next to 0 or below 55° 20 inclusive is 2° additive only. Sent 
  Shannon Labuish and Frazier this morning on a hunting excurtion up the 
  Kil~haw'~a~nak~kle river which discharges itself into the head of the bay. 
  no tidings yet of Sergt# Gass and party. Bratton is still very weak and 
  complains of a pain in the lower part of the back when he moves which I 
  suppose procedes from dability. I gave him barks. Gibson's fever still 
  continues obstenate tho not very high; I gave him a doze of Dr# Rush's 
  which in many instances I have found extreemly efficatious in fevers which 
  are in any measure caused by the presence of boil. the nitre has produced 
  a profuse perspiration this evening and the pills operated late at night 
  his fever after which abated almost entirely and he had a good night's 
  rest. 
  = 
  The Indian dog is usually small or much more so than the common cur. they 
  are party coloured; black white brown and brindle are the most usual 
  colours. the head is long and nose pointed eyes small, ears erect and 
  pointed like those of the wolf, hair short and smooth except on the tail 
  where it is as long as that of the curdog and streight. the natives do not 
  eat them nor appear to make any other use of them but in hunting the Elk 
  as has been before observed. The brown white or grizly bear are 
  found in the rocky mountains in the timbered parts of it or Westerly side 
  but rarely; they are more common below the rocky Mountain on the borders 
  of the plains where there are copses of brush and underwood near the 
  watercouses. they are by no means as plenty on this side of the rocky 
  mountains as on the other, nor do I beleive that they are found atall in 
  the woody country, which borders this coast as far in the interior as the 
  range of mountains which, pass the Columbia between the Great Falls and 
  rapids of that river. the black bear differs not any from those common to 
  the United states and are found under the rocky Mountains in the woody 
  country on the borders of the great plains of columbia and also in this 
  tract of woody country which lie between these plains and the Pacific 
  Ocean. their oconimy and habits are also the same with those of the United 
  States. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1210-1806-02-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday February 16th 1806 Sent Shannon Labiesh and frazier on a hunting 
  excurtion up the Kilhaw~a~nak~kle river which discharges itself into the 
  head of Meriwethers Bay. no word yet of Sergt# Gass and party. Bratten is 
  verry weak and complains of a pain in the lower part of the back when he 
  moves which I suppose proceeds from debility. I gave him barks and Salt 
  peter. Gibsons fever Still Continues obstinate tho not verry high; we gave 
  him a dose of Dr# Rushes pills which in maney instancis I have found 
  extreamly efficasious in fevers which are in any measure Caused by the 
  presence of boil. the niter has produced a perfuse perspiration this 
  evening and the pils opperated late at night his feaver after which abated 
  almost intirely and he had a good nights rest. 
  = 
  The Indian Dogs are usually small or much more so than the common cur. 
  they are party coloured; black white brown and brindle are the more usual 
  colours. the head is long and nose pointed eyes Small, ears erect and 
  pointed like those of the wolf, hair Short and Smooth except on the tail 
  where it is as long as that of the Cur dog and streight. the nativs do not 
  eate them, or make any further use of them than in hunting the Elk as has 
  been before observed. Shannon an Labiesh brought in to us to day a Buzzard 
  or Vulture of the Columbia which they had wounded and taken alive. I 
  believe this to be the largest Bird of North America. it was not in good 
  order and yet it wayed 25 lbs had it have been so it might very well have 
  weighed 10 lbs# more or 35 lbs# between the extremities of the wings it 
  measured 9 feet 2 Inches; from the extremity of the beak to that of the 
  toe 3 feet 9 inches and a half. from hip to toe 2 feet, girth of the head 
  9 inches 3/4. Girth of the neck 71/2 inches; Girth of the body exclusive 
  of the wings 2 feet 3 inches; girth of the leg 3 inches. the diameter of 
  the eye 41/2 10ths of an inch, the iris of a pale scarlet red, the puple 
  of a deep Sea green or black and occupies about one third of the diameter 
  of the eye the head and part of the neck as low as the figures 12 is 
  uncovered with feathers except that portion of it represented by dots 
  foward and under the eye. (See likeness on the other Side of this leaf) 
  the tail is Composed of twelve feathers of equal length, each 14 inches. 
  the legs are 43/4 inches in length and of a whitefish colour uncovered 
  with feathers, they are not entirely Smooth but not imbricated; the toes 
  are four in number three of which are foward and that in the center much 
  the longest; the fourth is Short and is inserted near the inner of the 
  three other toes and reather projecting foward. the thye is covered with 
  feathers as low as the Knee. the top or upper part of the toes are 
  imbricated with broad scales lying transversly; the nails are black and in 
  proportion to the Size of the bird comparitively with those of the Hawk or 
  Eagle, Short and bluntly pointed ¬ the under Side of the wing is 
  Covered with white down and feathers. a white Stripe of about 2 inches in 
  width, also marks the outer part of the wing, imbraceing the lower points 
  of the feathers, which cover the joints of the wing through their whole 
  length or width of that part of the wing. all the other feathers of 
  whatever part are of a Glossy Shineing black except the down, which is not 
  glossy, but equally black. the Skin of the beak and head to the joining of 
  the neck is of a pale orrange Yellow, the other part uncovered with 
  feathers is of a light flesh Colour. the Skin is thin and wrinkled except 
  on the beak where it is Smooth. This bird fly's very clumsily. nor do I 
  know whether it ever Seizes it's prey alive, but am induced to believe it 
  does not. we have Seen it feeding on the remains of the whale and other 
  fish which have been thrown up by the waves on the Sea Coast. these I 
  believe constitute their principal food, but I have no doubt but that they 
  also feed on flesh. we did not meet with this bird untille we had decended 
  the Columbia below the great falls; and have found them more abundant 
  below tide water than above. this is the Same Species of Bird which R# 
  Field killed on the 18th of Novr. last and which is noticed on that day 
  tho not fully discribed then I thought this of the Buzzard Specis. I now 
  believe that this bird is reather of the Vulture genus than any other, tho 
  it wants Some of their characteristics particularly the hair on the neck, 
  and the feathers on the legs. this is a handsom bird at a little distance. 
  it's neck is proportionably longer than those of the Hawks or Eagle. 
  Shannon also brought a Grey Eagle which appeared to be of the Same kind 
  common to the U, States. it weighed 15 pds. and measured 7 feet 7 inches 
  between the extremities of the wings 
  = 
  Shannon and Labiesh informed us that when he approached this Vulture after 
  wounding it, that it made a loud noise very much like the barking of a 
  Dog. the tongue is long firm and broad, filling the under Chap and 
  partakeing of its transvirs curvature, or its Sides forming a longitudinal 
  Groove; obtuse at the point, the margin armed with firm cartelagenous 
  prickkles pointed and bending inwards. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1211-1806-02-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday February 17th 1806. Collins and Windsor were permited to hunt today 
  towards the praries in Point Adams with a view to obtain some fresh meat 
  for the sick. a little before noon Shannon LaBuishe & Frazier returned 
  with the flesh and hide of an Elk which had been wouded by Sergt# Gass's 
  party and took the water where they pursued it and caught it. they did not 
  see Sergt# Gass or any of his party nor learn what further success they 
  had had. continue the barks with Bratton, and commenced them with Gibson 
  his fever being sufficiently low this morning to permit the uce of them. I 
  think therefore that there is no further danger of his recovery. at 
  2 P#M# Joseph Fields arrived from the Salt works and informed us that they 
  had about 2 Kegs of salt on hand which with what we have at this place we 
  suppose will be sufficient to last us to our deposits of that article on 
  the Missouri. we there directed a party of six men to go with Fields in 
  the morning in order to bring the salt and kettles to the fort. Shannon 
  brought me one of the large carrion Crow or Buzzads of the Columbia which 
  they had wounded and taken alive. I bleive this to be the largest bird of 
  North America. it was not in good order and yet it weighed 25 lbs# had it 
  have been so it might very well have weighed 10 lbs mor or 35 lbs# between 
  the extremities of the wings it measured 9 feet 2 inches; from the 
  extremity of the beak to that of the toe 3 F. 91/2 In. from hip to toe 2 
  feet, girth of head 93/4 In. girth of the neck 71/2 Inches; do. of body 
  exclusive of the wings 2 feet 3 Inches; do of leg 3 inches. diameter of 
  the eye 41/2/toths of an inch. the iris of a pale scarlet red, the puple 
  of deep sea green or black and occupyed about one third of the diameter of 
  the eye. the head and a part of the neck as low as the figures 12 is 
  uncovered with feathers except that portion of it represented by dots (see 
  likeness). the tail is composed of 12 feathers of equal length, each 14 
  inches. the legs are 43/4 inches in length and of a white colour un 
  covered with feathers, they are not entirely smooth but not imbricated; 
  the toes are four in number three of which are forward and that in the 
  center much the longes; the fourth is short and is inserted near the inner 
  of the three other toes and reather projecting forward. the thye is 
  covered with feathers as low as the knee. the top or upper part of the 
  toes are imbricated with broad scales lying transversly; the nails are 
  blak and in proportion to the size of the bird comparitively with those of 
  the halk or Eagle, short and bluntly pointed. the under side of the wing 
  is covered with white down and feathers. a white stripe of about two 
  inches in width, also marks the outer part of the wing, imbracing the 
  lower points of the feathers, which cover the joints of the wing through 
  their whole length or width of that part of the wing. all the other 
  feathers of whatever part are glossey shining black except the down which 
  is not glossey but equally black. the skin of the beak and head to the 
  joining of the neck is of a pale orrange yellow the other part uncovered 
  with feathers is of a light flesh colour. the skin is thin and wrinkled 
  except on the beak where it is smooth. this bird flys very clumsily nor do 
  I know whether it ever seizes it's prey alive, but am induced to beleive 
  that it dose not. we have seen it feeding on the remains of the whale 
  & other fish which have been thrown up by the waves on the sea coast. 
  these I beleive constitute their prinsipal food, but I have no doubt but 
  they also feed on flesh; we did not met with this bird untill we had 
  decended the Columbia below the great falls, and have found them more 
  abundant below tide~water than above. I beleive that this bird is reather 
  of the Vulture genus than any other, tho it wants some of their 
  charactaristics particularly the hair on the neck and feathers on the 
  legs. this is a handsome bird at a little distance. it's neck is 
  proportionably longer than those of the hawks or Eagle. Shannon also 
  brought me a grey Eagle which appeared to be of the same kind common to 
  the U States; it weighed 15 lb# and measured 7 Feet 7 Inches between the 
  extremities of the wings. At 4 P#M# Sergt# Gass and party arrived; 
  they had killed eight Elk. Drewyer and Whitehouse also returned late in 
  the evening, had killed one Elk. Labuishe informed me that when he 
  approached this vulture, after wounding it, that it made a loud noise very 
  much like the barking of a dog & the tongue is large firm and broad, 
  filling the under chap and partaking of it's transverse curvature, or it's 
  sides colapsing upwards forming a longitudinal groove; obtuse at the 
  point, the margin armed with firm cartelaginous prickkles pointed and 
  bending inwards. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1212-1806-02-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday February 17th 1806 Collins and Windser were permited to hunt to day 
  towards the praries in point Adams with a view to obtain Some fresh meat 
  for the Sick. a little before noon Shannon and Labiesh & frazier Came 
  with the flesh and hide of an Elk which had been wounded by Serjt# Gasses 
  party and took the water where they pursued it and cought it. they did not 
  See Sergt# Gass or any of his party or learn what further Sucksess they 
  have had. Continu the barks with Bratten, and Commenced them with gibson 
  his feaver being Sufficiently low this morning to permit the use of them. 
  I think therefore that there is no further danger of his recovery. at 
  2 P#M# Joseph Field arrived from the Salt works and informd us that they 
  had about 2 Kegs of Salt on hand (say 3 bushels) which with what we have 
  at this place we suppose will be Sufficient to last us to our deposit of 
  that article on the Missouri. we directed a party of Six men to go in the 
  morning in order to bring the salt and Kittles to the Fort. at 4 P#M# 
  Serjt# Gass and party arrive; they had killed 8 Elk. Drewyer and 
  Whitehouse also return late in the evening, they had killed one Elk, part 
  of the meat of which they brought in with them. 
  = 
  The Brown, White, or Grizly Bear are found in the rocky mountains in the 
  timbered part of it or Westerly Side but rarely; they are more Common 
  below or on the East Side of the Rocky Mountains on the borders of the 
  plains where there are Copses of bushes and underwood near the water 
  cources. they are by no means as plenty on this Side of the Rocky 
  Mountains as on the other, nor do I believe they are found at all in the 
  woody country which borders this coast as far in the interior as the range 
  of mountains which pass the Columbia between the enterance of Clarks and 
  the Quick sand Rivers or below the Great falls of Columbia. 
  = 
  The Black Bear differs not any from those Common to the U# States, and are 
  found under the Rocky Mountains in the woody country on the borders of the 
  Great Plain's of Columbia and also in this tract of woody country which 
  lie between these plains and the Pacific Ocian. their econimy and habits 
  are also the Same with those of the United States. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1213-1806-02-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday February 18th 1806. This morning we dispatched a party to the 
  Saltworks with Sergt# Ordway and a second with Sergt# Gass after the Elk 
  killed over the Netul. in the evening Sergt# Ordway returned and reported 
  that the waves ran so high in the bay that he could not pass to the 
  entrance of the creek which we had directed him to assend with the canoe. 
  Collins and Winsor returned this evening with one deer which they had 
  killed. the deer are poor and their flesh by no means as good as that of 
  the Elk which is also poor but appears to be geting better than some weeks 
  past. in the forenoon we were visited by eight Clasops and Chinnooks 
  from whom we purchased a Sea Otter's skin and two hats made of waytape and 
  white ceder bark. they remained untill late in the evening and departed 
  for their village. these people are not readily obstructed by waves in 
  their canoes. Sergt# Ordway brought me a specemine of a species of 
  pine peculiar to the swamps and marshes frequently overflown by the tide 
  as this is a distinct species I shall call it No# 7. this tree seldom 
  rises to a greater hight than 35 feet and is from 21/2 to 4 feet in 
  diameter; the stem is simple branching diffuse and proliferous. the bark 
  the same with that of No# 1 only reather more rugged. the leaf is acerose, 
  2/10ths of an inch in width and 3/4 in length. they are firm stif and 
  somewhat accuminated, ending in a short pointed hard tendril, gibbous, 
  thickly scattered on all sides of the bough but rispect the three upper 
  sides only. those which have there insersion on the underside incline 
  sidewise with their points upwards giving the leaf the figure of a sythe. 
  the others are perpendicular or pointing upwards. is sessile growing as in 
  No# 1 from small triangular pedestals of a soft spungy elastic bark. the 
  under disk of these leaves or that which grows nearest towards the base of 
  the bough is a deep glossey green while the upper or opposite side is of a 
  mealy whiteish pale green; in this rispect differing from almost all 
  leaves. the boughs retain their leaves as far back as to the sixth years 
  growth. the peculiarity of the bud scales observed in No 1 is observed in 
  this species. The cone is 31/2 inches in length and 3 in circumpherence, 
  of an ovate figure being thickest in the middle and tapering and 
  terminating in two obtuse points. it is composes of small, flexible, thin, 
  obtusely pointed smooth and redish brown imbricated scales. each scale 
  covering two small winged seeds and being itself covered in the center by 
  a small thin inferior scale accutely pointed. the cone is somewhat of this 
  figure. they proceede from the side as well as the extremities of the 
  bough but in the former case always at or near the commencement of some 
  one years growth which is some instances are as far back as the third 
  year. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1214-1806-02-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday February 18th 1806 This morning we dispatched a party to the Salt 
  works with Sergt# Ordway. and a Second party with Sergt# Gass after the 
  Eight Elk killed over the Netul. in the evening Sergt# Ordway returned and 
  reported that the waves ran So high in the Bay that he could not pass to 
  the enterance of a Creek which we had directed him to assend with the 
  Canoe. Collins & Windsir returned this evening with one Deer which 
  they had Killed. the deer are pore and their flesh by no means as good as 
  that of the Elk which is also poore but appears to be getting better than 
  Some weeks past. in the forenoon we were visited by a Clatsop & Seven 
  Chinnooks from whome I purchased a Sea otter's Skin and two hats made of 
  way tape and Silk grass and white cedar bark. they remained untill late in 
  the evening and departed for their village. those people are not readily 
  obstructed by waves in their Canoes. Since their departure we have 
  discovered that they have Stole an ax. Whitehouse brought me a roab 
  which he purchased of the Indians formed of three Skins of the Tiger Cat, 
  this Cat differs from any which I have ever Seen. it is found on the 
  borders of the plains and the woody Country lying along the Pacific Ocian. 
  this animale is about the Size or reather larger than the wild Cat of our 
  Countrey and is much the Same in form, agility and ferosity. the colour of 
  the back, neck and Sides, is a redish brown irrigular varigated with Small 
  Spots of dark brown the tail is about two inches long nearly white except 
  the extremity which is black; it termonates abruptly as if it had been cut 
  off. the belly is white with Small black spots. butifully varigated. the 
  legs are of the Same Colour with the Sides and back marked with transvers 
  stripes of black the ears are black on the outer Side Covered with fine 
  black hair, Short except at the upper point which is furnished with a 
  pencil of verry fine Streight black hair, 3/4 of an inch in length, the 
  fur of this animale is long and fine. much more So than the wild Cat of 
  the U States but less so than the Louserva of the N West. the nativs of 
  this Country make great use of the skins of this Cat, to form the robes 
  which they wear; three whole Skins is the complement usually employed, and 
  Sometimes four in each roab. Those Cats are not marked alike maney of them 
  have but fiew Spots of a darker Colour, particularly on the Back. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1215-1806-02-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday February 19th 1806. Sergt# Ordway set out again this morning 
  with a party for the salt works by land. in the evening Sergt# Gass 
  returned with the flesh of eight Elk, and seven skins; having left one 
  skin with Shannon and Labuishe who remained over the netul to continue the 
  chase. we had the Elk skins divided among the messes in order that they 
  might be prepared for covering our baggage when we set out in the spring. 
  our sick are recovering but they appear to strengthen but slowly. The 
  common red deer we found under the rocky mts. in the neighbourhood of the 
  Chopunnish, and about the great falls of the Columbia river and as low 
  down the same as the commencement of tide water. these do not appear to 
  differ essentially from those of our country being about the same size 
  shape and appearance in every rispect except their great length of tail 
  which is more than half as long again as our deer I measured one of them 
  which was 17 inches long. The Black tailed fallow deer are peculiar to 
  this coast and are a distinct species of deer partaking equally of 
  peculiarities of the mule deer and the common deer. their ears are reather 
  larger and their winter coat darker than the common deer; the recepticle 
  of the eye or drane is mor conspicuous; their legs shorter and body 
  thicker and larger than the common deer; their tail is about the length of 
  our deer or from 8 to 10 inches the hair on the underside of which is 
  white, and that of it's sides and top quite black the horns resemble in 
  form and colour those of the mule deer which it also resembles in it's 
  gate; that is bounding with all four feet off the ground at the same time 
  when runing at full speed and not loping as the common deer or antelope 
  do. they are sometimes found in the woodlands but most frequently in the 
  praries and open grounds. they may be said generally to be a size larger 
  than the common deer and that less than the mule deer. they are very 
  seldom found in good order, or fat, even in the season which the common 
  deer are so, and their flesh is inferior to any species of deer which I 
  have ever seen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1216-1806-02-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday February 19th 1806. Sergt# Ordway Set out again with a party to 
  the Salt works by land. in the evening Sergt# Gass returned with the flesh 
  of Eight Elk, and Seven Skins haveing left one Skin with Shannon and 
  Labiche who remained over the Netul to Continue the chase. we devided the 
  Skins between the messes in order that they might be prepared for Covering 
  the baggage when we Set out in the Spring. our Sick appear to Strengthen 
  but Slowly I gave Bratten 6 of Scotts pills which did not work him. he is 
  very weak and Complains of his back. 
  = 
  The black Fox or as they are more frequently Called by the N West Trader 
  Fisher is found in the woody country on this Coast. how this Animal 
  obtained the name of fisher I know not, but certain it is, that the name 
  is not appropriate, as it does not prey on or Seek it as a prey. they are 
  extreeinly active Strong and made for climbing which they do with great 
  agility, and bound from tree to tree in pursute of the squirel or Rockoon, 
  their natural and most usual food. their Colour is a jut Black except a 
  Small Spot of white on the breast. the body is long, legs Short and formed 
  Something like the turnspit Dog, with a remarkable long tail. it does not 
  differ here from those of the United States. 
  = 
  The Silver Fox this animale is very rare even in the Countrey where it 
  exists, I have never Seen more than the Skins of this Animal and those 
  were in the possession of the nativs of the woody Country below the Great 
  falls of the Columbia, from which I think it is most probably they are the 
  inhabitants of the woody country exclusively. from the Skins, it appeard 
  to be about the Size of the large red Fox of the plains and much of its 
  form with a large tail. the legs I think somewhat longer it has a fine 
  long deep fur poil. the poil is of a dark lead colour and the long hairs 
  intermixed with it, are either white or black at the lower part, and white 
  at top, the whole mixture forming a butifull Silver Grey. I think this the 
  handsomest of all the Fox Species, except a Species of which I Saw one 
  running, and Capt Lewis had a good view of another of the Same Species on 
  the Missouri near the natural walls. The large red fox of the plains, and 
  the Kit fox are the Same which we met with on the Missouri and are the 
  inhabitants almost exclusively of the open plains, or of the copse of 
  bushes within the plain country. the Common red or grey fox of the United 
  States is also found in the woody country on this coast, nor does it 
  appear to be altered in respect to it's fur colour or any other 
  particular. we have Seen none of the large red fox. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1217-1806-02-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday February 20th 1806. Permited Collins to hunt this morning he 
  returned in the evening unsuccessfull as to the chase but brought with him 
  some cranberries for the sick. Gibson is on the recovery fast; Bratton has 
  an obstenate cough and pain in his back and still appears to be geting 
  weaker. McNeal from his inattention to his disorder has become worse. 
  = 
  This forenoon we were visited by Tdh~cum a principal Chief of the 
  Chinnooks and 25 men of his nation. we had never seen this cheif before he 
  is a good looking man of about 50 years of age reather larger in statue 
  than most of his nation; as he came on a friendly visit we gave himself 
  and party some thing to eat and plyed them plentifully with smoke. we gave 
  this cheif a small medal with which he seemed much gratifyed. in the 
  evening at sunset we desired them to depart as is our custom and closed 
  our gates. we never suffer parties of such number to remain within the 
  fort all night; for notwithstanding their apparent friendly disposition, 
  their great averice and hope of plunder might induce them to be 
  treacherous. at all events we determined allways to be on our guard as 
  much as the nature of our situation will permit us, and never place our 
  selves at the mercy of any savages. we well know, that the treachery of 
  the aborigenes of America and the too great confidence of our countrymen 
  in their sincerity and friendship, has caused the distruction of many 
  hundreds of us. so long have our men been accustomed to a friendly 
  intercourse with the natives, that we find it difficult to impress on 
  their minds the necessity of always being on their guard with rispect to 
  them. this confidence on our part, we know to be the effect of a series of 
  uninterupted friendly intercouse, but the well known treachery of the 
  natives by no means entitle them to such confidence, and we must check 
  it's growth in our own minds, as well as those of our men, by recollecting 
  ourselves, and repeating to our men, that our preservation depends on 
  never loosing sight of this trait in their character, and being always 
  prepared to meet it in whatever shape it may present itself. 
  = 
  The Mule deer are the same with those of the plains of the Missouri so 
  frequently mentioned. we met with them under the Rocky mountains in the 
  Neighbourhood of the Chopunnish nation on the Kooskooske river, but have 
  not seen them since nor do we know whether they exist in the interior of 
  the great plains of Columbia or on their lower border near the mountains 
  which pass the river about the great falls. The Elk is the same with that 
  found in much the greatest portion of North America, they are common to 
  every part of this country, as well the timbered lands as the plains, but 
  are much more abundant in the former than the latter The large brown woolf 
  is like that of the Atlantic States and are found only in the woody 
  country on the Pacific Ocean imbracing the mountains which pass the 
  Columbia between the great falls and rapids of the same. the large and 
  small woolves of the plains are the inhabitants principally of the open 
  country and the woodlands on their borders and resemble in their habits 
  and appearance those of the plains of the Missouri precisely. they are not 
  abundant in the plains of Columbia because there is but little game on 
  which for them to subsist# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1218-1806-02-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday February 20th 1806. Permited Collins to hunt this morning he 
  returned in the evening unsucksessfull as to the chase, but brought with 
  him Some Cramberries for the Sick. Gibson is on the recovery fast; Bratten 
  has an obstinate Cough and pain in his back and Still appears to be 
  getting weaker. H# McNeal from his inattention to his disorder has become 
  worse. Willard has a high fever and complains of the pain in his head and 
  want of appetite. 
  = 
  The forenoon we were visited by Tfih~cum a principal chief of the 
  Chinnooks and 25 men of his nation. we had never Seen this Chief before he 
  is a good looking man of about 50 years of age reather larger in Statue 
  than most of his nation; as he came on a friendly visit we gave himself 
  and party something to eate and plyed them plenty fully with Smoke. we 
  gave this chief a small Medal with which he Seamed much pleased. in the 
  evening at Sunset we desired them to depart as is our custom and Close our 
  gates. we never Suffer parties of Such numbers to remain within the Fort 
  all night; for not withstanding their apparent friendly disposition, their 
  great averis and hope of plunder might induce them to be treacherous. at 
  all events we are determined always to be on our guard, as much as the 
  nature of our Situation will permit us, and never place our selves at the 
  mercy of any Savages. we well know, that the treachery of the Aborigenes 
  of America and the too great confidence of our country men in their 
  friendship and fadility has caused the distruction of maney hundreds of 
  us. so long has our men been accustomed to a friendly intercourse with the 
  nativs, that we find it dificult to impress on their minds the necessity 
  of always being on their Guard with respect to them. this confidence on 
  our part we know to be the effect of a serious of a friendly and 
  unintorupted intercourse. but the well Known treachery of the natives by 
  no means entitle them to Such confidence, and we must check it's groth in 
  our own minds as well as those of our men, by recollecting our selves, and 
  repeating to our men, that our preservation depends on our never loseing 
  Sight of this trate in their character, and being always prepared to meet 
  it in whatever Shape it may present itself 
  = 
  The Mule Deer are the Same with those of the Plains of the Missouri So 
  frequently mentioned. we met with them under the rocky mountains in the 
  neighbourhood of the Chopunnish Nation on the Koskooske river, but have 
  not Seen them Since nor do we know whether they exist in the interiors of 
  the great Plains of Columbia, or on the lower border near the mountains 
  which pass the river about the great falls. The Elk is the Same with that 
  found in much the greater portion of North America, they are common to 
  every part of this Country, as well the timbered lands as the plains. but 
  are much more abundant in the former than the latter 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1219-1806-02-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday February 21st 1806. Visited this morning by 3 Clatsop who remained 
  with us all day; they are great begers; I gave one of them a few nedles 
  with which he appeared much gratifyed. in the evening late they departed. 
  Drewyer and Collins went in pursuit of some Elk, the tracks of which 
  Collins had discovered yesterday; but it rained so hard that they could 
  not pursue them by their tracks and returned unsuccessfull. Drewyer saw a 
  fisher black fox but it escaped from him among the fallen timber. Sergt# 
  Ordway returned with the party from the salt camp which we have now 
  evacuated. they brought with them the salt and eutensils. our stock of 
  salt is now about 20 Gallons; 12 gallons of which we secured in 2 small 
  iron bound kegs and laid by for our voyage. gave Willard and bratton each 
  a doze of Scotts pills; on the former they operated and on the latter they 
  (lid not. Gibson still continues the barks three times a day and is on the 
  recovery fast. 
  = 
  The tyger Cat is found on the borders of the plains and in the woody 
  country lying along the Pacific Ocean. this animal is about the size or 
  reather larger than the wild cat of our country and is much the same in 
  form, agility and ferosity. the colour of the back neck and sides is a 
  redish brown irregularly variegated with small spots of dark brown the 
  tail is about two inches long nearly white except the extremity which is 
  black; it terminates abruptly as if it had been cut off. the belly is 
  white with small black spots, beautifully variagated. the legs are of the 
  same colour with the sides and back marked with transverse stripes of 
  black the ears are black on the outer side covered with fine short hair 
  except at the upper point which furnished with a pensil of fine, streight, 
  black hair, = 3/4 of an inch in length. the fur of this anamal is long and 
  fine, much more so than the wild cat of the United States but less so than 
  that of Louservea of the N# West. the natives in this quarter make great 
  use of the skins of this Cat to form the robes which they wear; four skins 
  is the compliment usuly employed in each robe. the Black fox, or as they 
  most frequently called in the neighbourhood of Detroit, Fisher is found in 
  the woody country on this coast. how this animal obtained the name of 
  fisher I know not, but certain it is, that the name is not appropriate, as 
  it dose not prey on fish or seek it as a prey. they are extreemly active 
  strong and prepared for climbing, which they do with great agility, and 
  bound from tree to tree in pursuit of the squirrel or Rockoon their 
  natural and most usual food. their colour is a jut black except a small 
  spot of white on the breast. the body is long, legs short and formed 
  something like the ternspit dog with a remarkable long tail. it dose not 
  differ here from those of the United States. The Silver fox this animal is 
  very rare even in the country where it exists; I have never seen more than 
  the Skins of this anamal and those were in the possession of the natives 
  of the woody Country below the great falls of the Columbia from which I 
  think that it is most probably the inhabtant of the woody country 
  exclusively. from the skin it appeared to be about the size of the large 
  red fox of the plains and much of it's form with a large tail. the legs I 
  think somewhat longer. it has a fine long deep fur poll. the poil is of a 
  dark lead colour and the long hairs intermixed with it are either white or 
  black at the lower part and white at the top, the whole mixture forming a 
  beatifull silver grey. I think this the most beautifull of all the Foxes 
  except species of which I saw one only on the Missouri near the natural 
  walls. the large red fox of the plains and the Kit fox are the same which 
  we met with on the Missouri and are the inhabitants almost exclusively of 
  the open plains, or of the cops of brush within the pain country. The 
  common red fox of the United States is also found in the woody country on 
  this coast nor dose it appear to be altered in rispect to it's fur colour 
  or any other particular 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1220-1806-02-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday February 21st 1806 Visited this morning by three Clatsops, who 
  remained with us all day; they are great begers; Capt Lewis gave one of 
  them a fiew nedles with which he appeared much gratified, in the evening 
  late they departed. 
  = 
  Drewyer and Collins went in pursute of Some Elk the tracks of which 
  Collins had discovered yesterday; but it rained So hard they Could not 
  pursue them by the tracks, and returned unsucksessfull. Drewyer Saw a 
  fisher but it escaped from him among the fallen timber. Sergt# Ordway 
  returned with the party from the Salt Camp which we have now avacuated. 
  they brought with them the Salt and utensels. our Stock of Salt is now 
  about 20 Gallons; 12 Gallons we had Secured in 2 Small iron bound Kegs and 
  laid by for our voyage. Gave Willard a dose of Scots pills; they opperated 
  very well. Gibson Still Continus the bark 3 times a day and is on the 
  recovery fast. 
  = 
  The large brown Wolf is like that of the atlantic States, and are found 
  only in the woody Country on the Pacific Ocean embraceing the mountains 
  which pass the Columbia between the Great Falls an Rapids of the same. The 
  large and Small Wolves of the inhabitents principally of the open Country 
  and the wood land on their borders, and resemble in their habits those of 
  the plains of Missouri presisely they are not abundant in the Plains of 
  Columbia because there is but little game on which for them to subsist ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1221-1806-02-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday February 22cd 1806. We were visited today by two Clatsop women 
  and two boys who brought a parsel of excellent hats made of Cedar bark and 
  ornamented with beargrass. two of these hats had been made by measures 
  which Capt Clark and myself had given one of the women some time since 
  with a request to make each of us a hat; they fit us very well, and are in 
  the form we desired them. we purchased all their hats and distributed them 
  among the party. the woodwork and sculpture of these people as well as 
  these hats and their waterproof baskets evince an ingenuity by no means 
  common among the Aborigenes of America. in the evening they returned to 
  their village and Drewyer accompanied them in their canoe in order to get 
  the dogs which the Clatsops have agreed to give us in payment for the Elk 
  they stole from us some weeks since. these women informed us that the 
  small fish began to run which we suppose to be herring from their 
  discription. they also informed us that their Chief, Coma or Comowooll, 
  had gone up the Columbia to the valley in order to purchase wappetoe, a 
  part of which he in tended trading with us on his return. one of our 
  canoes brake the cord by which it was attatched and was going off with the 
  tide this evening; we sent Sergt# Pryor and a party after her who 
  recovered and brought her back. our sick consisting of Gibson, Bratton, 
  Sergt# Ordway, Willard and McNeal are all on the recovery. we have not had 
  as may sick at any one time since we left Wood River. the general 
  complaint seams to be bad colds and fevers, something I beleive of the 
  influenza. 
  = 
  The Antelope is found in the great plains of Columbia and are the same of 
  those on the Missouri found in every part of that untimbered country. they 
  are by no means as plenty on this side of the Rocky Mountains as on the 
  other. the natives here make robes of their skins dressed with the hair on 
  them. when the salmon begin to decline in the latter end of the sunme and 
  Autumn the natves leave the river, at least a majority and remove to the 
  plains at some distance for the purpose of hunting the Antelope. they 
  pursue them on horse back and shoot them with their arrows. The sheep is 
  found in various parts of the Rocky mountains, but most commonly in those 
  parts which are timbered and steep. they are also found in greater 
  abundance on the Chain of mountains with form the commencement of the 
  woody country on this coast and which pass the Columbia between the great 
  falls and rapids we have never met with this anamal ourselves but have 
  seen many of their skins in possession of the natives dressed with the 
  wooll on them and aso seen the blankets which they manufacture of the 
  wooll of this sheep. from the skin the animal appears to be about the size 
  of the common sheep; of a white colour. the wooll is fine on most parts of 
  the body but not so long as that of our domestic sheep. the wooll is also 
  curled and thick. on the back and more particularly on the top of the neck 
  the wooll is intermixed with a considerable proportion of long streight 
  hairs. there is no wooll on a small part of the body behind the sholders 
  on each side of the brisquit which is covered with a short fine hairs as 
  in the domestic sheep. form the signs which the Indians make in discribing 
  this animal they have herect pointed horns, tho one of our Engages La 
  Page, assures us that he saw them in the black hills where the little 
  Missouri passes them, and that they were in every rispect like the 
  domestic sheep, and like them the males had lunated horns bent backwards 
  and twisted. I should be much pleased at meeting with this animal, but 
  have had too many proofs to admit a doubt of it's existing and in 
  considerable numbers in the mountains near this coast. the Beaver and 
  common Otter have before been mentioned in treating of the occupations of 
  the natives in hunting fishing &c# these do not differ from those of 
  other parts of the Continent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1222-1806-02-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday February 22nd 1806 We were visited to day by two Clatsops women 
  and two boys who brought a parcel of excellent hats made of Cedar bark, 
  and ornemented with bear grass. two of those hats had been made by measure 
  which Capt Lewis and my Self had given a woman Some time Since, with a 
  request to make each of us a hat; they fit us very well, and are in the 
  form we desired them. we purchased the hats and distribeted them among the 
  party. the woodwork and sculpture of these people as well as those hats 
  and the water proof baskits evince an ingenuity by no means common among 
  the Aborigenes of America. in the evining they returned to their village 
  and Drewyer accompanied them in order to get Some dogs &c# These women 
  informed us that the Small fish began to run which we suppose to be 
  herring from their discription. they also informed us that their Chief 
  Conia Comawool, had gorn up the Columbia to the Vally in order to purchase 
  Wappatoe, a part of which he entended tradeing with us on his return. our 
  sick consisting of Gibson, Bratten, Willard McNeal and Baptiest LaPage is 
  Something better Serjt# Ordway is complaining of a Coald & head ake. 
  we have not had as many Sick at one time Since we left the Settlements of 
  the Illinois. the general Complaint appears to be bad colds and fevers, 
  with a violent pain in the head, and back, something I believe of the 
  influenza. 
  = 
  The Antelope is found in the great plains of Columbia and are the Same 
  with those of the Missouri found in every part of that untimbered Country. 
  they are by no means as plenty on this Side of the Rocky Mountains as on 
  the other. the nativs here make robes of their Skins dressed withe the 
  hair on them. when the Salmon begin to decline in the latter end of Summer 
  and autumn, the nativs leave the river, at least a majority and move out 
  into the plains at Some distance for the purpose of hunting the Antelope. 
  they pursue them on hors back and Shute them with their arrows. 
  = 
  The Sheep is found in various parts of the Rocky Mountains, but most 
  Commonly on those parts which are timbered and Steep. they are also found 
  in greater abundance on the chain of mountains which forms the 
  Commencement of the woody country on this Coast and which pass the 
  Columbia between the great falls and rapids. we have never met with this 
  animal ourselves but have Seen maney of their Skins in the possession of 
  the nativs dressed with the wool on them and also Seen and have the 
  blankets which they manufacture of the wool of this Sheep. from the Skin 
  the animal appears to be about the Size of the common Sheep; of a white 
  colour. the wool is fine on most parts of the body, but not so long as 
  that of the domestic Sheep; the wool is also Curled and thick. on the back 
  and more particularly on the top of the neck the wool is intermixed with a 
  Considerable proportion of long Streight hair. there is no wool on a Small 
  part of the body behind the Sholders on each Side of the brisquit which is 
  covered with a Short fine hairs as in the domestic Sheep. from the Signs 
  which the Indians make in discribing this animale they have herect pointed 
  horns, tho one of our Engages Lapage, assures us that he Saw them in the 
  Black hills where the Little Missouri river passes them, and that they 
  were in every respect like our domestic Sheep, and like them the mail had 
  lunated horns bent backwards and twisted. I should be much pleased at 
  meeting with this animal. but have had too maney proofs to admit a doubt 
  of it's existing and in considerable numbers in the mountains on this 
  Coast. The Beaver and Common Otter have before been mentioned in treating 
  of the Occupation of the nativs in hunting, fishing, &c# these do not 
  differ from those of other parts of the Continent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1223-1806-02-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday February 23rd 1806. not anything transpired during this day worthy 
  of particular notice. our sick are all on the recovery, except Sergt# 
  Ordway who is but little wose and not very ill tho more so than any of the 
  others. the men have provided themselves very amply with mockersons and 
  leather cloathing, much more so indeed than they ever have since they have 
  been on this voige. 
  = 
  The Sea Otter is found on the sea coast and in the salt water. this anamal 
  when fully grown is as large as a common mastive dog. the ears and eyes 
  are remarkaby small, particularly the former which is not an inch in 
  length thick fleshey and pointed covered with short hair. the tail is 
  about 10 inches in length thick where it joins the body and tapering to a 
  very sharp point; in common with the body it is covered with a deep fir 
  particularly on the upper side, on the under part the fur is not so long. 
  the legs are remarkably short and the feet, which have five toes each are 
  broad large and webbed. the legs are covered with fur and the feet with 
  short hair. the body of this animal is long and nearly of the same 
  thickness throughout. from the extremity of the tail to that of the nose 
  they will measure 5 feet or upwards. the colour is a uniform dark brown 
  and when in good order and season perfectly black and glossey. it is the 
  riches and I think the most delicious fur in the world at least I cannot 
  form an idea of any more so. it is deep thick silkey in the extreem and 
  strong. the inner part of the fur when opened is lighter than the surface 
  in it's natural position. there are some fine black and shining hairs 
  intermixed with the fur which are reather longer and add much to it's 
  beauty. the nose, about the eyes ears and forehead in some of these otter 
  is of a lighter colour, sometimes a light brown. those parts in the young 
  sucking Otter of this species is sometimes of a cream coloured white, but 
  always much lighter than the other parts. the fur of the infant Otter is 
  much inferior in point of colour and texture to that of the full grown 
  otter, or even after it has been weaned. there is so great a difference 
  that I have for some time supposed it a different animal; the Indians 
  called the infant Otter Spuck, and the full grow or such as had obtained a 
  coat of good fur, E~luck'~ke. this still further confirmed the opinion of 
  their being distinct species; but I have since learned that the Spuck is 
  the young Otter. the colour of the neck, body, legs and tail is a dark 
  lead brown. The mink is found in the woody country on this coast, and dose 
  not differ in any particu from those of the Atlantic coast. the seal are 
  found here in great numbers, and as far up the Columbia river as the great 
  falls above which there are none. I have reason to beleive from the 
  information of the men that there are several species of the seal on this 
  coast and in the river but what the difference is I am unable to state not 
  having seen them myself sufficiently near for minute inspection nor 
  obtained the different kinds to make a comparison. the skins of such as I 
  have seen are covered with a short coarse stiff and glossey hair of a 
  redish hey brown colour. tho the anamal while in the water or as we saw 
  them frequently in the river appear to be black and spoted with white 
  sometimes. when we first saw those animals at the great falls and untill 
  our arrival at this place we conseived they were the Sea Otter. but the 
  indians here have undeceived us. I am not much acquainted with the 
  Seal but suppose that they are the same common also to the Atlantic Ocean 
  in the same parallel of latitude. the skins I have seen are precisely such 
  as our trunks are frequently covered with. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1224-1806-02-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday February 23rd 1806. Not any thing transpired desering particular 
  notice. our Sick are all on the recovery. the men have provided themselves 
  verry amply with mockersons & leather clothing, much more So indeed 
  than they have ever been Since they have been on the voyage. 
  = 
  The Sea Otter is found only on the Sea Coast and in the Salt water. Those 
  animals which I took to be the Sea Otter from the Great Falls of the 
  Columbia to the mouth, proves to be the Phosia or Seal which at a little 
  distance has every appearance of the Sea Otters. The Sea otter when fully 
  grown is as large as the common mastif dog, the eail and Eyes are 
  remarkably Small, particularly the former which is not an inch in length 
  thick fleshey and pointed, Covered with short hair. the tail is about 10 
  inches in length thick where it joins the body and tapering to a very 
  Sharp point; in common with the body it is covered with a deep fur 
  particularly on the upper Side, on the under part the fur is not So long. 
  the legs are remarkably Short and the feat which have five toes each are 
  broad large and webbed. the legs are covered with fur and the feet with 
  Short hair. the body of this Animal is long and nearly of the Same 
  thickness throughout. from the extremity of the tail to that of the nose 
  they will measure 5 feet or upwards. the colour is of a uniform dark 
  brown, and when in good order and Season perfectly Black and Glossey. it 
  is the richest and I think the most delightfull fur in the world at least 
  I cannot form an idea of any more so. it is deep thick silky in the 
  extream and Strong. the inner part of the fur when open is lighter than 
  the surface in its natural position. there are Some fine black Shineing 
  hairs intermixed with the fur which are reather longer and add much to its 
  beauty. the nose, about the eyes, ears and forehead in Some of those otter 
  is of a light Colour, Sometimes a light brown. those parts in the young 
  Suckling otters of this Species is Sometimes of a creem colour'd white, 
  but always much lighter than the other parts. the fur of the infant otter 
  is much inferior in point of colour, and texture, to that of the full 
  grown otter, or even after it has been weened. there is so great a 
  difference that I have for Some time Supposed it a different animal; the 
  Indians Call the infant otter Spuck, and the full grown or such as had 
  obtained a Coat of good fur, E luck'ko. this Still further confirmed the 
  opinion of their being distinct Species; but I have Since lerned that the 
  Spuck is the young otter. the Colour of the neck, body, legs and tail is a 
  dark lead brown. The Mink is found in the woody Country on this Coast and 
  does not differ in any particular from those of the Atlantic Coasts. 
  = 
  The Seal or Phoca are found here in great numbers, and as far up the 
  Columbia as the great Falls, above which there are none. I have reasons to 
  believe from the information of the men that there are Several Species of 
  the Phoca on this Coast and in the river, but what the difference is I am 
  unable to State not haveing Seen them myself Sufficiently near for manute 
  inspection nor obtain the different kinds to make a comparison. the Skins 
  of Such as I have Seen are covered with a Short thick Coarse Glossy hair 
  of a redish bey brown Colour. tho the animal while in the water, or as we 
  saw them frequently in the river appear to be black and Spoted with white 
  sometimes. I am not much acquainted with the Seal, but Suppose that they 
  are the Same common also to the atlantic Ocian in the Same parrelal of 
  Latitude. the Skins, or those which I have Seen are presisely Such as 
  trunks are frequently Covered with. the flesh of this animal is highly 
  prised by the nativs who Swinge the hair off and then roste the flesh on 
  Sticks before the fire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1225-1806-02-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday February 24th 1806. Our sick are still on the recovery. Shannon 
  & Labuishe returned in the forenoon; they had killed no Elk and 
  reported that they beleived the Elk have retired from their former haunts 
  and gone further back in the country to a considerable distance from this 
  place. this is very unwelcome information for poor and inferior as the 
  flesh of this animal is it is our principal dependance for subsistence. 
  = 
  This evening we were visited by Comowooll the Clatsop Chief and 12 men 
  women & children of his nation. Drewyer came a passenger in their 
  canoe, and brought with him two dogs. The chief and his party had brought 
  for sail a Sea Otter skin some hats, stergeon and a species of small fish 
  which now begin to run, and are taken in great quantities in the Columbia 
  R# about 40 miles above us by means of skiming or scooping nets. on this 
  page I have drawn the likeness of them as large as life; it as perfect as 
  I can make it with my pen and will serve to give a general idea of the 
  fish. the rays of the fins are boney but not sharp tho somewhat pointed. 
  the small fin on the back next to the tail has no rays of bone being a 
  thin membranous pellicle. the fins next to the gills have eleven rays 
  each. those of the abdomen have eight each, those of the pinna~ani are 20 
  and 2 half formed in front. that of the back has eleven rays. all the fins 
  are of a white colour. the back is of a bluish duskey colour and that of 
  the lower part of the sides and belley is of a silvery white. no spots on 
  any part. the first bone of the gills next behid the eye is of a bluis 
  cast, and the second of a light goald colour nearly white. the puple of 
  the eye is black and the iris of a silver white. the underjaw exceeds the 
  uper; and the mouth opens to great extent, folding like that of the 
  herring. it has no teeth. the abdomen is obtuse and smooth; in this 
  differing from the herring, shad anchovey &c of the Malacopterygious 
  Order & Class Clupea, to which however I think it more nearly allyed 
  than to any other altho it has not their accute and serrate abdomen and 
  the under jaw exceeding the upper. the scales of this little fish are so 
  small and thin that without minute inspection you would suppose they had 
  none. they are filled with roes of a pure white colour and have scarcely 
  any perceptable alimentary duct. I find them best when cooked in Indian 
  stile, which is by roasting a number of them together on a wooden spit 
  without any previous preperation whatever. they are so fat they require no 
  additional sauce, and I think them superior to any fish I ever tasted, 
  even more delicate and lussious than the white fish of the lakes which 
  have heretofore formed my standart of excellence among the fishes. I have 
  heard the fresh anchovey much extolled but I hope I shall be pardoned for 
  beleiving this quite as good. the bones are so soft and fine that they 
  form no obstruction in eating this fish. we purchased all the articles 
  which these people brought us; we suffered these people to remain all 
  night as it rained, the wind blew most violently and they had their women 
  and children with them; the latter being a sure pledge of their pacific 
  dispositions. the Sturgeon which they brought us was also good of it's 
  kind. we determine to send a party up the river to procure some of those 
  fish, and another in some direction to hunt Elk as soon as the weather 
  will permit. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1226-1806-02-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday February 24th 1806 Our Sick are Still on the recovery. Shannon and 
  Labiche returned in the forenoon, they had killed no Elk, and reported 
  that they believe the Elk have returned from their former haunts and gorn 
  further back in the mountains to a considerable distance from this place. 
  this is very unwelcom information, for poore and inferior as the flesh of 
  this animale is, it is our principal dependance for Subsistance. 
  = 
  The Rockoon is found in the woody Country on the Coast in considerable 
  quantities. the nativs take a fiew of them in Snars, and deadfalls; tho 
  appear not to value their Skins much, and but Seldom prepare them for 
  robes. The large Grey Squirel appear to be a native of a narrow tract of 
  Country on the upper Side of the mountains below the Great falls of 
  Columbia which is pritty well covered in maney parts with a Species of 
  white oak. this animal is much larger than the Gray Squirel of our 
  Country, it resembles it much in form and colour. it is as large as the 
  Fox Squirel of the South Atlantic States. the tail is reather larger than 
  the whole of the body and head, the hair of which is long and tho inserted 
  on all Sides reispect the horozontal one. the eyes are black, whiskers 
  black and long. the back, Sides, head, tale and outer parts of the legs 
  are of a blue lead colour grey. the breast, belly, and inner parts of the 
  legs are of a pure white. the hair is Short as that of the Fox Squirel but 
  is much finer and intermixed with a propotion of fur. the nativs make 
  great use of those Skins in forming their robes. this Squirel Subsists 
  principally on the acorn and filburts, which last also grow abundantly in 
  the Oak Country. The Small brown Squirel is a butifull little animal 
  about the size of the red Squirel of the E# States or Something larger 
  than the ground Squirel of the U States. the tail is as long as the body 
  and neck formed Somewhat Hat. the eyes black, whiskers long and black but 
  not abundant. the back, Sides, head, neck and outer parts of the legs are 
  of a redish dark brown. the throat, breast, belly and inner parts of the 
  legs are of a pale brick red. the tail is a mixture of black and fox 
  coloured red in which the black prodomonates in the middle, and the other 
  on the edges and extremity. the hair of the body is about 1/2 inch long 
  and So fine and soft that it has the appearance of fur. the hair of the 
  tail is coarser and double as long. this animal Subsists principally on 
  the Seeds of various Species of pine and are always found in the piney 
  Country. they are common to the tract of woody country on this coast. they 
  lodge in Clefts of rocks, holes in the Ground, old Stumps of trees and the 
  hollow trunks of falling timber; in this respect resemble the rat always 
  haveing their habitation in or near the earth. The Small Grey Squirel 
  Common to every part of the Rocky Mountains which is timbered, differ from 
  the dark brown squirel just discribed only in its colour. 
  = 
  it's back, neck, Sides, head, tail and outer Sides of the legs are of 
  brown lead coloured Grey; the tail has a Slight touch of the fox colour 
  near the extremity of some of the hairs. the throat, belly, breast, and 
  inner part of the legs are of the Colour of tanners ooze and have a narrow 
  Stripe of black commencing behing each Sholder and extending 
  longitudinally for about 3 inches between the Colours of the Side & 
  belly. their habits are also the Same with the dark brown Squirel of this 
  neighbourhood, and like them are extreamly nimble and active. The Ground 
  Squirel is found in various parts of the Countrey as well the Praries as 
  wood lands, and is one of the fiew animals which we have Seen in every 
  part of our voyage. it differs not at all from those of the U, States. 
  = 
  The Barking Squirel and handsom Ground Squirel of the Plains on the East 
  Side of the Rocky Mountains are not found in the plains of the Columbia. 
  = 
  This evening we were visited by Comowooll the Clatsop Chief and 14 men 
  women and Children of his nation. Drewyer came a pasinger in their Canoe, 
  and brought with him two dogs. the Chief and his party had brought for 
  Sale a Sea otter Skin, Some hats, Sturgeon and a Species of fish which now 
  begins to run and are taken in Great quantities in the Columbia River 
  about 40 miles above us by means of Skiming or scooping nets. See likeness 
  on the other Side of this leaf or page. Capt Lewis gave an old Coat and 
  Vest for a Sea otter Skin, we purchased Several hads of the Indian 
  manufactry and distributed them among the party. we also purchased a fiew 
  of the Small fish which we found deliciously fine. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1227-1806-02-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday February 25th 1806. It continued to rain and blow so violently 
  that there was no movement of the party today. the Indians left us in the 
  morning on their return to their village. Willard somewhat worse the other 
  Invalledes on the ricovery. I am mortifyed at not having it in my power to 
  make more celestial observations since we have been at Fort Clatsop, but 
  such has been the state of the weather that I have found it utterly 
  impracticable. 
  = 
  The Rockoon is found in the woody country on this coast in considerable 
  quantities. the natives take a few of them in snars and deadfalls; tho 
  appear not to vallue their skins much, and but seldom prepare them for 
  robes. The large grey squirrel appears to be a native of a narrow tract of 
  country on the upper side of the mountains just below the grand falls of 
  Columbia which is pretty well covered in many parts with a species of 
  white oak. in short I beleive this squirrel to be coextensive with timber 
  only, as we have not seen them in any part of the country where pine forms 
  the majority of the timber, or in which the oak dose not appear. this 
  animal is much larger than the grey squirrel of our country it resembles 
  it much in form and colours. it is as large as the fox squirrel of the 
  Southern Atlantic states. the tail is reather longer than the whole length 
  of the body and head. the hair of which is long and tho inserted on all 
  sides reispect the horizontal ones only. the eyes are black. whiskers 
  black and long. the back, sides, head, tail and outer part of the legs are 
  of a blue lead coloured grey. the breast belley and inner part of the legs 
  are of a pure white. the hair is short as that of the fox~squirrel but is 
  much finer and intermixed with a proportion of fur. the natives make great 
  use of these skins in forming their robes. this squirrel subsists 
  principally on the acorn and filbird which last also grows abundantly in 
  the oak country. The small brown squirrel is a beautifull little 
  animal about the size and form of the red squirrel of the Eastern Atlantic 
  states and western lakes. the tail is as long as the body and neck, formed 
  like that of the red squirrel or somewhat flat. the eyes black. whiskers 
  long and black but not abundant. the back, sides, head, neck and outer 
  part of the legs are of a redish dark brown. the throat, breast, belley 
  and inner part of the legs are of a pale brick red. the tail is a mixture 
  of black and fox coloured red in which the black predominates in the midle 
  and the other on the edges and extremity. the hair of the body is about 
  1/2 an inch long and so fine and soft that it has the appearance of fur. 
  the hair of the tail is coarser and doubly as long. this animal subsists 
  principally on the seeds of various species of pine, and are always found 
  in the piny country they are common to the tract of wooddy country on this 
  coast. they lodge in clifts of rocks, holes in the ground old stumps of 
  trees and the hollow trunks of fallen timber; in this rispect resembling 
  the rat, always having their habitatin in or near the earth. the small 
  grey squirrel common to every part of the rocky mountain which is 
  timbered, difirs from the dark brown squirrel just discribed only in it's 
  colour. it's back, sides, neck, head tail and outer side of the legs are 
  of a brown lead coloured grey; the tail has a slight touch of the fox 
  colour near the extremity of some of the hairs. the throat, breast, 
  belley, and inner parts of the legs are of the colour of tanner's ooze and 
  have a narrow stripe of black, commencing just behide each sholder and 
  extending longitudinaly for about 3 inches betwen the colours of the sides 
  and belley. their habids are also the same of the dark brown squirrel of 
  this neighbourhood and like them are extreemly nimble and active. the 
  ground squirrel is found in every part of the country, as well the praries 
  as woodlands, and is one of the few animals which we have seen in every 
  part of our voyage. it differs not at all from those of the U States. the 
  barking squirrel and handsome ground squirrel of the plains on the East 
  side of the rocky mountains are not found in the plains of Columbia. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1228-1806-02-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday February 25th 1806 It continued to rain and blow So violently that 
  there was no movement of the party to day. the Indians left us in the 
  morning on their return to their village. Willard Somewhat worse the 
  others are on the recovery. we are mortified at not haveing it in our 
  power to make more Celestial observations since we have been at Fort 
  Clatsop, but Such has been the State of the weather that we have found it 
  utterly impractiable. I purchased of the Clatsops this morning about half 
  a bushel of Small fish which they had cought about 40 miles up the 
  Columbia in their scooping nets. as this is an uncommon fish to me and one 
  which no one of the party has ever Seen. on the next page I have drawn the 
  likeness of them as large as life; it's as perfect as I can make it with 
  my pen and will Serve to give a general idea of the fish. the rays of the 
  fins are boney but not Sharp tho Somewhat pointed. the Small fin on the 
  back next to the tail has no rays of bone being a thin membranous 
  pellicle. the fins next to the gills have eleven rays each. those of the 
  abdomen have Eight each, those of the pinna ani are 20 and 2 half formed 
  in front. that of the back has eleven rays. all the fins are of a white 
  colour. the back is of a blueish duskey colour and that of the lower part 
  of the Sides and belly is of a Silvery White. no Spots on any part. the 
  first of the gills next behind the eye is of a blueish cast, and the 
  second of a light gold colour nearly white. the puple of the eye is black 
  and the iris of a silver white. the under jaw exceeds the upper; and the 
  mouth opens to great extent, folding like that of the Herring. it has no 
  teeth. the abdomen is obtuse and Smooth; in this differing from the 
  herring, Shad, anchovey &c# of the Malacapterygious Order and Class 
  Clupea, to which however I think it more nearly allyed than to any other 
  altho it has not their accute and Serrate abdomen and the under jaw 
  exceeding the upper. the scales of this little fish are So small and thin 
  that without manute inspection you would Suppose they had none. they are 
  filled with roes of a pure white Colour and have Scercely any perceptable 
  alimentary duct. I found them best when cooked in Indian Stile, which is 
  by rosting a number of them together on a wooden spit without any previous 
  preperation whatever. they are so fat that they require no aditional 
  sauce, and I think them Superior to any fish I ever tasted, even more 
  dilicate and lussious than the white fish of the Lakes which have 
  heretofore formed my Standard of excellence among the fishes. I have herd 
  the fresh anchovey much extoll'd but I hope I shall be pardened for 
  believeing this quit as good. the bones are So Soft and fine that they 
  form no obstruction in eating this fish. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1229-1806-02-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday February 26th 1806. This morning we dispatched Drewyer and two 
  men in our Indian canoe up the Columbia River to take sturgeon and 
  Anchovey. or if they were unsuccessfull in fishing we directed them to 
  purchase fish from the natives for which purpose we had furnished them 
  with a few articles such as the natives are pleased with. we also Sent 
  Shields, Joseph Fields and Shannon up the Netul to hunt Elk. and directed 
  Reubin Fields and some others to hunt in the point towards the praries of 
  Point Adams. thus we hope shortly to replenish our stock of provision 
  which is now reduced to a mere minnamum. we have three days provision only 
  in store and that of the most inferior dryed Elk a little tainted. a 
  comfortable prospect for good living. Sewelel is the Chinnook and Clatsop 
  name for a small animal found in the timbered country on this coast. it is 
  more abundant in the neighbourhood of the great falls and rapids of the 
  Columbia than immediately on the coast. the natives make great use of the 
  skins of this animal in forming their robes, which they dress with the fur 
  on them and attatch together with sinews of the Elk or deer. I have never 
  seen the animal and can therefore discribe it only from the skin and a 
  slight view which some of our hunters have obtained of the living animal. 
  the skin when dressed is from 14 to 18 inches in length and from 7 to 9 in 
  width; the tail is always severed from the skin in forming their robes I 
  cannot therefore say what form or length it is. one of the men informed me 
  that he thought it reather short and flat. that he saw one of them run up 
  a tree like a squirrel and that it returned and ran into a hole in the 
  ground. the ears are short thin pointed and covered with short fine hair. 
  they are of a uniform colour, a redish brown; tho the base of the long 
  hairs, which exceed the fur but little in length, as well as the fur 
  itself is of a dark colour for at least two thirds of it's length next to 
  the skin. the fur and hair are very fine, short, thickly set and silky. 
  the ends of the fur and tips of the hair being of the redish brown that 
  colour predominates in the ordinary appearance of the animal. I take this 
  animal to be about the size of the barking squirrel of the Missouri. and 
  beleive most probably that it is of the Mustela genus, or perhaps the 
  brown mungo itself. I have indeavoured in many instances to make the 
  indians sensible how anxious I was to obtain one of these animals entire, 
  without being skined, and offered them considerable rewards to furnish me 
  with one, but have not been able to make them comprehend me. I have 
  purchased several of the robes made of these skins to line a coat which I 
  have had made of the skins of the tiger cat. they make a very pleasant 
  light lining. the Braro so called by the French engages is an animal of 
  the civit genus and much resembles the common badger. this is an 
  inhabitant of the open plains of the Columbia as they are of those of the 
  Missouri but are sometimes also found in the woody country. they burrow in 
  the hard grounds of the plains with surprising ease and dexterity an will 
  cover themselves in the ground in a very few minutes. they have five long 
  fixed nails on each foot; those of the forefeet are much the longest; and 
  one of those on each hind foot is double like those of the beaver. they 
  weigh from 14 to 18 lbs# the body is reather long in proportion to it's 
  thickness. the forelegs remarkably large and muscular and are formed like 
  the ternspit dog. they are short as are also the hind legs. they are broad 
  across the sholders and brest. the neck short. the head is formed much 
  like the common fist dog only that the skull is more convex. the mouth is 
  wide and furnished with sharp streight teeth both above and below, with 
  four sharp streight pointed tusks, two in the upper and two in the lower 
  jaw. the eyes are black and small. whiskers are plased in four points on 
  each side near the nose and on the jaws near the opening of the mouth. the 
  ears are very short wide and appressed as if they had ben cut off. the 
  apperture through them to the head is remarkably small. the tail is about 
  4 inches long; the hair longest on it at it's junction with the body and 
  becoming shorter towards it's extremity where it ends in an accute point. 
  the hairs of the body are much longer on the side and rump than any other 
  part, which gives the body and apparent flatness, particularly when the 
  animal rests on it's belley. this hair is upwards of 3 inches in length 
  particularly on the rump where it extends so far towards the point of the 
  tail that it almost conceals the shape of that part and gives to the whole 
  of the hinder part of the body the figure of an accute angled triangle of 
  which the point of the tail forms the accute angle. the small quantity of 
  coarse fur which is intermixed with the hair is of a redish pale yellow. 
  the hair of the back, sides, upper part of the neck and tail, are of a 
  redish light or pale yellow for about 2/3rds of their length from the 
  skin, next black, and then tiped with white; forming a curious mixture of 
  grey and fox coloured red with a yellowish hue. the belley flanks and 
  breast are of the foxcoloured redish yellow. the legs black. the nails 
  white the head on which the hair is short, is varia gated with black and 
  white. a narrow strip of white commences on the top of the nose about 1/2 
  an inch from it's extremity and extends back along the center of the 
  forehead and neck nearly to the sholders ¬ two stripes of black 
  succeed the white on either side imbracing the sides of the nose, the 
  eyes, and extends back as far as the ears. two other spots of black of a 
  ramboidal figure are placed on the side of the head near the ears and 
  between them and the opening of the mouth. two black spots also 
  immediately behind the ears. the other parts of the head white. this 
  animal feeds on flesh, roots, bugs, and wild fruits. it is very 
  clumsy and runs very slow. I have in two instances out run this animal and 
  caught it. in this rispect they are not much more fleet than the 
  porcupine. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1230-1806-02-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday February 26th 1806 This morning we dispatched Drewyer and two 
  men in our indian canoe up the Columbia River to take Sturgion and 
  Anchovey. or if they were unsucksessfull in fishing we directed them to 
  purchase fish from the nativs, for which purpose we had furnished them 
  with a fiew articles Such as the nativs are pleased with. we also Sent 
  Shields Jo# Field and Shannon up the Netul to hunt Elk. and directed 
  Reubin Field and Some other man to hunt in the point towards the Praries 
  & point Adams. thus we hope Shortly to replenish our Stock of 
  provisions which is now reduced to a mear minnamum. we have three days 
  provisions only in Store and that of the most inferior dried Elk a little 
  tainted. what a prospect for good liveing at Fort Clatsop at present. 
  = 
  Se we lel is the Clatsop and Chinnook name for a Small animal found in the 
  timbered Country on this Coast. it is more abundant in the neighbourhood 
  of the great falls and rapids of the Columbia than imediately on the 
  Coast. the nativs make great use of the Skins of this animal in forming 
  their robes, which they dress with the fur on them and attached together 
  with the sinears of the Elk or Deer. I have never Seen the ammale and can 
  therefore only discribe it from the Skin and a Slight view which Some of 
  our party have obtained of the liveing animal. the Skin when dressed is 
  from 14 to 18 inches in length, and from 7 to 9 in width; the tail is 
  always Severed from the body in forming their robes, I cannot therefore 
  Say in what form or length it is. one of the men informed me that he 
  thought it reather Short and flat. that he saw one of them run up a tree 
  like a squirel, and that it returned and ran into a hole in the ground. 
  the ears are Short, thin, pointed and Covered with Short fine hair. they 
  are of uniform Colour, a redish brown; tho the base of the long hairs, 
  exceed the fur but little in length, as well as the fur itself is of a 
  Dark colour for at least 2/3ds of it's length next to the Skin. the fur 
  and hair are very fine, Short, thickly Set, and Silky. the ends of the fur 
  and tips of the hair is of a redish brown, that colour prodominates in the 
  ordinary appearance of the Animate. I took this animal to be about the 
  Size of the barking Squirel of the Missouri. and believe most probably 
  that it is of the Mustela genus, or perhaps the brown mungo itself I have 
  in maney instances endeavured to make the nativs Sensiable how anxious I 
  was to obtain one of those animals entire, without being Skined, and 
  offered them rewards to furnish me with one, but have not been able to 
  make them Comprehend me. we have purchased Several of the roabs made of 
  those Skins to loin a westcoat of the Sea otter, which I have made and 
  Capt Lewis a Tiger Cat Skin Coat loined with them also, they make a very 
  pleasant light lighting. 
  = 
  The Rat in the rocky mountains on its west side are like those on the 
  upper part of the Missouri in and near those Mountains and have the 
  distingushing trait of possessing a tail covered with hair like other 
  parts of the body; one of these we caught at the white bear Islands in the 
  beginning of July last and then partially discribed. 
  = 
  There is rats in this neighbourhood but I have not seen them it is most 
  probable that they are like those of the Atlantic States, or at least the 
  native rat of our country which have no hair on their tail. this Specis we 
  found on the Missouri as far up it as the woody country extended. it is as 
  large as the Common European house rat or reather larger is of a lighter 
  Colour bordering more on the lead or drab colour, the hair longer; and the 
  female has only four tits which are placed far back near the hinder legs. 
  this rat I have Seen in the Southern parts of the State of Kentucky & 
  west of the Miami. 
  = 
  The Mouse and mole of this neighbourhood are the Same as those native 
  animals with us. 
  = 
  The Panther is found indifferently either in the great Plains of Columbia 
  the Western Side of the Rocky Mountains or on this coast in the timbered 
  country. it is precisily the Same animal common to the Atlantic States, 
  and most commonly met with on our frontiers or unsettled parts of the 
  Country. this animal is Scerce in the Country where they exist and are So 
  remarkable Shye and watchfull that it is extreamly dificuelt to kill them. 
  = 
  The Polecat is found in every part of the Country. they are very abundant 
  on Some parts of the Columbia, particularly in the neighbourhood of the 
  Great falls & Narrows of that river, where they live in the Clifts 
  along the river & feed on the offal of the Indian fishing Shores. they 
  are the Same as those of other parts of North America. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1231-1806-02-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday February 27th 1806. Reubin Fields returned this evening and had 
  not killed anything. he reports that there are no Elk towards point Adams. 
  Collins who had hunted up the Netul on this side returned in the evening 
  having killed a buck Elk. Willard still continues very unwell the other 
  sick men have nearly recovered. Gutridge and McNeal who have the pox are 
  recovering fast, the former nearly well. 
  = 
  The rat in the Rocky mountain on it's West side are like those on the 
  upper part of the Missouri in and near those mountains and have the 
  distinguishing trait of possessing a tail covered with hair like other 
  parts of the body; one of those we caught at the White bear Islands in the 
  beginning of July last and was then discribed. I have seen the nests of 
  those in this neighbourhood but not the animal. I think it most probable 
  that they are like those of the Atlantic states or at least the native rat 
  of our country which have no hair on the tail. this species we found on 
  the Missouri as far up it as the woody country extended. it is as large as 
  the common European house rat or reather larger, is of a lighter colour 
  bordering more on the lead or drab colour, the hair longer; and the female 
  has only four tits which are placed far back near the hinder legs. this 
  rat I have observed in the Western parts of the State of Georgia and also 
  in Madison's cave in the state of Virginia the mouse and mole of this 
  neighbourhood are the same as those native animals with us. The Panther is 
  found indifferently either in the Great Plains of Columbia, the Western 
  side of the rocky mountains or on this coast in the timbered country. it 
  is precisely the same animal common to the Atlantic coast, and most 
  commonly met with on our frontiers or unsettled parts of the country. this 
  animal is scarce in the country where they exist and are so remarkable 
  shye and watchfull that it is extreemly difficult to kill them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1232-1806-02-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday February 27th 1806 Reubin Field returned this evening and had not 
  killed anything, he reported that there were no Elk towards point Adams. 
  Collins who had hunted up the Netul on this Side returned in the evening 
  haveing killed a buck Elk. Willard Still Continue very unwell the other 
  Sick men have nearly recovered. Goodrich & McNeal who have the Pox are 
  recovering fast, the former nearly well. La Page complaining. 
  = 
  The Braro so called by the French engages is an animal of the Civit genus 
  and much resembles the common badger. this is an enhabitent of the open 
  plains of the Columbia as they are of those of the Missouri, but are 
  Sometimes also found in the woody country. they burrow in the hard Grounds 
  in the Plains with Surprising ease and dexterity and will cover themselves 
  in the Ground in a very fiew minits. they have five long fixed nails on 
  each foot; those of the fore feet are much the longest; and one of those 
  on each hind foot is double like those of the beaver. they weigh from 14 
  to 20 lbs# the body is reather long in perportion to its thickness. the 
  fore legs remarkably large and muscular and are formed like the turnspit 
  dog. they are Short as also the hind legs. they are broad across the 
  Sholders and breast. the neck Short, the head is formed much like the 
  Common fist dog only that the Skull is more Convex, the mouth is wide and 
  furnishid with long Sharp teeth, both above and below, and with four Sharp 
  Streight Pointed tushes, two in the upper and two in the lower jaw. the 
  eyes are black and Small. Whiskers are placed in four points on each Side 
  near the nose and on the jaws near the opening of the mouth. the ears are 
  very Short wide and appressed as if they had been cut off. the appertue 
  through them to the head is remarkably Small; the tail is about 4 inches 
  long; the hair longest on it at it's junction, with the body and becomeing 
  Shorter towards it's extremity where it ends in an accute point. the hairs 
  of the body are much longer on the Sides and rump than any other part, 
  which givs the body an appearent flatness, particularly when the animal 
  rests on it's belly. this hair is upwards of 3 inches in length, 
  particularly on the rump where it extends so far towards the point of the 
  tail, that it almost conceals the Shape of that part and givs to all the 
  hinder part of the body an accute angled triangle, of which the point of 
  the tail forms the accute angle. the Small quantity of fur which is 
  intermixed with the hair is of a redish pale yellow. the hair of the back, 
  Sides upper part of the neck and tail, are of redish light or pale yellow 
  fox about two thirds of their length from the Skin, next black, and then 
  tiped with white; forming a curious mixture of grey and fox colourd. red 
  with a yellowish hue. the belly flanks and breast are of the fox coloured 
  redish yellow. the legs black, the nails white. the head on which the hair 
  is short is varigated with black and white. a narrow Strip of white 
  Commences on the top of the nose about half an inch from its extremity and 
  extends back along the Center of the forehead and neck nearly to the 
  Sholders ¬  two Stripes of black Suckceed the white on either Side, 
  imbraceing the Side of the nose, the eyes, and extends back as far as the 
  ears. two other Spots of black of a romboidal figure are placed on the 
  Side of the head near the ears and between them and the opening of the 
  mouth. two black Spots also imediately behind the ears. the other part of 
  the head white. this animal feeds on flesh, roots, bugs and wild fruits. 
  it is very clumsy and runs very Slow, depending more on burring to Secure 
  it Self than running. I have in Several instances out run and caught this 
  animal. in this respect they are not much more fleet than the porcupine. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1233-1806-02-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  February 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday February 28th 1806. Reubin Fields and Collins set out this morning 
  early on a hunting excurtion. Kuskelar a Clatsop man and his wife visited 
  us today. they brought some Anchovies, Sturgeon, a beaver robe, and some 
  roots for sail tho they asked so high a price for every article that we 
  purchased nothing but a part of a Sturgeon for which we gave a few fishing 
  hooks. we suffered them to remain all night. Shields Jos. Fields and 
  Shannon returned late this evening having killed five Elk tho two of them 
  ar on a mountain at a considerable distance. we ordered these hunters to 
  return early in the morning and continue their hunt, and Sergt# Gass to 
  take a party and go in quest of the Elk which they had killed. the hunters 
  inform us that the Elk are tolerable plenty near the mountains about 9 or 
  ten miles distant. Kuskelar brought a dog which Cruzatte had purchased. 
  = 
  The hare on this side of the Rocky mountains is exclusively the inhabitant 
  of the great Plains of Columbia, as they are of those of the Missouri East 
  of these mountains. they weigh from 7 to eleven pounds. the measure of one 
  which weighed ten lbs# was as follows. from the extremity of the hinder, 
  to that of the fore feet when extended 3 F. length from nose to the 
  extremity of the tail 2 F. 2 I# hight when standing erect 1 F. 3 I# girth 
  of the body 1 F. 4 I# length of tail 61/2 I# length of ear 51/2 I# width 
  of do 3 1/8 I# from the hip to the extremity of toe of the hind foot 1 F. 
  41/4 I# ¬ the eye is large and prominent. the pupil is circular, of a 
  deep sea green and occupys one third of the diameter of the eye, the iris 
  is of a bright yellowish silver colour. the ears are placed far back on 
  the head and very near each other, they are flexable and the animal moves 
  them with great ease and quickness, and can dilate and throw them forward, 
  or contract and fold them on his back at pleasure. the fold of the front 
  of the ear is of a redish brown colour, the inner folds or those which lie 
  together when the ears are thrown back, and which occupy 2/3ds of the 
  width of the ears are of a pure white except the tips of the ears for 
  about an inch. the hinder folds or those which lie on the back are of a 
  light grey. the head neck, back, sholders, sides, & outer part of the 
  legs and thyes are of a lead coloured grey; the sides as they approach the 
  belley become gradually more white. the belley, brest, and inner part of 
  the legs and thyes are white, with a slight shade of the lead colour. the 
  tail is round and blontly pointed, covered with fine soft white fur not 
  quite as long as on the other parts of the body. the body is covered with 
  a deep fine soft close fur. the colours here discribed are those which the 
  animal assumes from the middle of April to the middle of November, the 
  ballance of the year they are of a pure white, except the black and redish 
  brown of the ears which never changes. a few redish brown spots are 
  sometimes seen intermixed with the white, at this season, on their heads 
  and upper part of the neck and sholders. the body of this animal is 
  smaller and longer in proportion to it's hight than the rabbit. when it 
  runs it carrys it's tail streight behind in the direction of it's body. 
  they appear to run with more ease and bound with greater agility than any 
  animal I ever saw. they are extreemly fleet and never burrow or take 
  sheter in the ground when pursued. it's teeth are like those of the rabbit 
  as is also it's upper lip which is divided as high as the nose. it's food 
  is grass, herbs, and in winter feeds much on the bark of several aromatic 
  shrubs which grow in the plains and the young willow along the rivers and 
  other wartercourses. I have measured the leaps of this animal and 
  find them commonly from 18 to 21 feet. they are generally found seperate, 
  and never seen to asscociate in any number or more than two or three. the 
  rabbit are the same of our country and are found indifferently either in 
  the praries or woodlands. they are not very abundant in this country. The 
  Pole~cat is also found in every part of the country. they are very 
  abundant on some parts of the columbia, particularly in the neighbourhood 
  of the great falls and narrows of that river, where they live in the 
  clifts along the river and feed on the offal of the Indian fishing shores. 
  these are the same as those of other parts of North America. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1234-1806-02-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  February 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday February 28th 1806 Reuben Field and Collins Set out this morning 
  early on a hunting excurtion up the Netul. Kus ke~lar a Clatsop man, his 
  wife and a Small boy (a Slave, who he informed me was his Cook, and offerd 
  to Sell him to me for beeds & a gun) visited us to day they brought 
  Some anchovies, Sturgeon, a beaver robe, and Some roots for Sale tho they 
  asked Such high prices for every article that we purchased nothing but a 
  part of a Sturgeon for which we gave a fiew fishing hooks. we Suffered 
  them to Stay all night. Shields Jos. Field and Shannon returned late this 
  evening haveing killed five Elk tho two of them are of a mountain at a 
  considerable distance. we ordered these hunters to return early in the 
  morning and continue the hunt, and Sergt# Gass to take a party and go in 
  quest of the Elk which they had killed. the hunters informed us that the 
  Elk is tolerable plenty near the mountains about nine or ten miles 
  distant. Kuskalaw brought a dog which Peter Crusat had purchased with his 
  Capo which this fellow had on. 
  = 
  The Hare on this Side of the Rocky Mountains is exclusively the 
  inhabitents of the Great Plains of Columbia, as they are of those of the 
  Missouri East of the mountains. they weigh from 7 to 12 pounds. the 
  measure of one which weighed 10 pounds, was as follows. from the extremity 
  of the hinder, to that of the fore feet when extended 3 Feet. length from 
  nose to the extremity of the tail 2 feet, 2 inches. Hight when Standing 
  erect 1 foot, 3 inches. Girth of the body 1 foot, 4 inches. length of 
  tail 61/2 inches. length of ear 51/2 inches. width of ear 3 inches and 
  1/8. from the hip to the extremity of toe of the hind foot 1 foot 41/4 
  inches. The eye is large and prominent. the pupil is circular, of a deep 
  Sea Green and Occupies one third of the diamiter of the eye, the iris is 
  of a bright yellowish silver colour. The ears are placed far back on the 
  head and very near each other, they are flexable and the animal moves them 
  with great ease and quickness and can dilate and throw them foward, or 
  contract and fold them on his back at pleasure. the fold of the front of 
  the ear is of a redish brown colour, the inner folds are those which lie 
  together when the ears are thrown back, and which occupies 2/3ds of the 
  width of the ears of a pure white except the tips of the ears for about an 
  inch. the hinder folds or those which lie on the back are of a light grey; 
  the Sides as they approach the belly become gradually more white, the 
  belly brest, and inner part of the legs and thyes are white, with a Slight 
  Shade of a lead Colour. The Head, neck, back Sholders, Sides, outer part 
  of the legs and thyes are of a Lead Coloured Grey. the tail is bluntly 
  pointed and round, covered with fine Soft white fur not quite as long as 
  on the other parts of the body. the body is covered with a deep fine Soft 
  close fur. the colours here discribed are those which the Animale assumes 
  from the middle of April to the middle of November, the ballance of the 
  year they are of a pure white, except the black and redish brown of the 
  ears which never changes. a fiew redish brown spots are Sometimes Seen 
  intermixed with the white, at this Season on the heads and upper parts of 
  the neck an Sholders. The body of this animal is Smaller and longer in 
  purpotion to it's hight than the Rabbit. when it runs it carrys its tail 
  Streight behind in the direction of it's body. they appear to run with 
  more ease and bound with greater agility than any animal I ever saw. they 
  are extreemly fleet and never burrow or take Shelter in the grounds when 
  pursued. it's teeth are like those of the rabit, as is also its upper lip 
  which is divided as high as the nose. it's food is Grass, herbs, and in 
  winter feeds much on the bark of Several arematic Shrubs which grow in the 
  plains and the young willows along the rivers and other water courses. I 
  have measured the leaps of this animal and find them commonly from 18 to 
  22 feet. they are Generally found Seperate, and never Seen to associate in 
  any number or more than two or three. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1235-1806-03-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday March 1st 1806. This morning Sergt# Gass and a party set out in 
  quest of the Elk which had been killed by the hunters the day before 
  yesterday. they returned with the flesh of three of them late in the 
  evening. Thompson was left with the hunters in order to jurk and take care 
  of the flesh of the remaining two. Kuskelar and wife left us about noon. 
  he had a good looking boy of about 10 years of age with him who he 
  informed us was his slave. this boy had been taken prisoner by the 
  Killamucks from some nation on the Coast to the S# East of them at a great 
  distance. like other Indian nations they adopt their slaves in their 
  families and treat them very much as their own children. Reubin Fields and 
  Collins who have been absent since yesterday morning returned without 
  having killed any game. The birds of the Western side of the Rocky 
  Mountain to the Pacific Ocean, for convenience I shall divide into two 
  classes, which I shal designate from the habits of the birds, Terrestrial 
  and Aquatic. 
  = 
  The Grouse or Prarie hen is peculiarly the inhabitant of the Grait Plains 
  of Columbia they do not differ from those of the upper portion of the 
  Missouri, the tail of which is pointed or the feathers in it's center much 
  longer than those on the sides. this Species differs essentially in the 
  construction of this part of their plumage from those of the Illinois 
  which have their tails composed of fathers of equal length. in the winter 
  season this bird is booted even to the first joint of it's toes. the toes 
  are also curiously bordered on their lower edges with narrow hard scales 
  which are placed very close to each other and extend horizontally about 
  1/8 of an inch on each side of the toes thus adding to the width of the 
  tread which nature seems bountifully to have furnished them at this season 
  for passing over the snow with more ease. in the summer season those 
  scales fall off. They have four toes on each foot. Their colour is a 
  mixture of dark brown redish and yellowish brown and white confusedly 
  mixed in which the redish brown prevails most on the upper parts of the 
  body wings and tail and the white underneath the belley and lower parts of 
  the breast and tail. they associate in large flocks in autumn & winter 
  and are frequently found in flocks of from five to six even in summer. 
  They feed on grass, insects, the leaves of various shrubs in the plains 
  and on the seeds of several species of spelts and wild rye which grow in 
  the richer parts of the plains. in winter their food is the buds of the 
  willow & Cottonwood also the most of the native berries furnish them 
  with food.The Indians of this neighbourhood eat the root of the Cattail or 
  Cooper's flag. it is pleasantly taisted and appears to be very nutricious. 
  the inner part of the root which is eaten without any previous preperation 
  is composed of a number of capillary white flexable strong fibers among 
  which is a mealy or starch like substance which readily desolves in the 
  mouth and separate from the fibers which are then rejected. it appears to 
  me that this substance would make excellent starch; nothing can be of a 
  purer white than it is. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1236-1806-03-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday March the 1st 1806 This morning we despatched Sergt# Gass with 12 
  men in two Canoes in quest of the Elk which had been killed by the hunters 
  the day before yesterday. they returned with the flesh of three of them 
  late in the evening. Thompson was left with the hunters in order to jurk 
  and take care of the flesh of the remaining two. Kuskalar &c# left us 
  about noon. The boy which this Indian offered to Sell to me is about 10 
  years of age. this boy had been taken prisoner by the Kit a mox from Some 
  Nation on the Coast to the S# East of them at a great distance. like other 
  Indian nations they adopt their Slaves in their famelies and treat them 
  very much like their own Children. Reuben Field and Collins who had been 
  absent Since yesterday morning returned without killing any thing. 
  = 
  The birds on the western Side of the Rocky Mountain's to the Pacific Ocian 
  for Convenience I Shall devide into from the habit of the birds, 
  Terrestrial and Aquatic. i e Fowls of the air, and fowls of the water. 
  = 
  The Prarie Hen sometimes called the Grouse is peculiarly the inhabitent of 
  the Great Plains of Columbia. they do not differ from those of the upper 
  portion of the Missouri, the tails of which is pointed or the feathers in 
  its center much longer than those on the Sides. this Species differ 
  assentially in the construction of this part of their plumage from those 
  of the Illinois which have their tail composed of feathers of equal 
  length. in the winter Season this berd is booted even to the first joint 
  of it's toes. the toes are also curiously bordered on their lower edges 
  with narrow hard scales which are placed very close to each other and 
  extend horizontally about 1/8 of an inch on each Side of the toe, thus 
  adding to the width of the tread which nature Seams bountifully to have 
  furnished them with at this Season for passing over the Snow with more 
  ease. in the Summer Season those Scales fall off. they have four toes on 
  each foot. their colour is a mixture of dark brown redish and yellowish 
  brown and white confusedly mixed in which the redish brown prevails most 
  on the upper parts of the body wings and tail. and the white underneath 
  the belley and lower parts of the breast and tail. they associate in large 
  flocks in autumn & winter and are frequently found in flocks of from 
  five to Six even in Summer. They feed on grass, insects, the leaves of 
  various Shrubs in the Praries, and on the Seeds of Several Species of 
  Spelts and wild rye which grow in the richer parts of the Plains. in the 
  winter their food is the buds of the willow and Cottonwood also the most 
  of the native berries furnish them with food. they cohabit in flock & 
  the Cocks fight verry much at those Seasons. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1237-1806-03-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday March 2cd The diet of the sick is so inferior that they recover 
  their strength but slowly. none of them are now sick but all in a state of 
  convalessence with keen appetites and nothing to eat except lean Elk meat. 
  late this evening Drewyer arrived with a most acceptable supply of fat 
  Sturgeon, fresh Anchovies and a bag containing about a bushel of Wappetoe. 
  we feasted on Anchovies and Wappetoe. 
  = 
  The Cock of the Plains is found in the plains of Columbia and are in Great 
  abundance from the entrance of the S# E# fork of the Columbia to that of 
  Clark's river. this bird is about 2/3rds the size of a turkey. the beak is 
  large short curved and convex. the upper exceeding the lower chap. the 
  nostrils are large and the beak black. the colour is an uniform mixture of 
  dark brown reather bordeing on a dove colour, redish and yellowish brown 
  with some small black specks. in this mixture the dark brown prevails and 
  has a slight cast of the dove colour at a little distance. the wider side 
  of the large feathers of the wings are of a dark brown only. the tail is 
  composed of 19 feathers of which that in the center is the longest, and 
  the remaining 9 on each side deminish by pairs as they receede from the 
  center; that is any one feather is equal in length to one equa distant 
  from the center of the tail on the oposite side. the tail when foalded 
  comes to a very sharp point and appears long in proportion to the body. in 
  the act of flying the tail resembles that of a wild pigeon. tho the motion 
  of the wings is much that of the pheasant and Grouse. they have four toes 
  on each foot of which the hinder one is short. the leg is covered with 
  feathers about half the distance between the knee and foot. when the wing 
  is expanded there are wide opening between it's feathers the plumeage 
  being so narrow that it dose not extend from one quill to the other. the 
  wings are also proportionably short, reather more so than those of the 
  pheasant or grouse. the habits of this bird are much the same as those of 
  the grouse. only that the food of this fowl is almost entirely that of the 
  leaf and buds of the pulpy leafed thorn; nor do I ever recollect seeing 
  this bird but in the neighbourhood of that shrub. they sometimes feed on 
  the prickley pear. the gizzard of it is large and much less compressed and 
  muscular than in most fowls; in short it resembles a maw quite as much as 
  a gizzard. when they fly they make a cackling noise something like the 
  dunghill fowl. the following is a likeness of the head and beak. the flesh 
  of the cock of the Plains is dark, and only tolerable in point of flavor. 
  I do not think it as good as either the Pheasant or Grouse. it is 
  invariably found in the plains.The feathers about it's head are pointed 
  and stif some hairs about the base of the beak. feathers short fine and 
  stif about the ears. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1238-1806-03-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday March 2nd 1806 The diet of the Sick is So inferior that they 
  recover their Strength but Slowly. none of them are now Sick but all in a 
  State of Covelessence with keen appetites and nothing to eate except lean 
  Elk meat. 
  = 
  The nativs of this neighbourhood eate the root of the Cattail or Cooper's 
  flag. it is pleasantly tasted and appears to be very nutrecious. the inner 
  part of the root which is eaten without any previous preperation is 
  Composed of a number of capellary white flexable Strong fibers among which 
  is a mealy or Starch like Substance which readily disolves in the mouth 
  and Seperates from the fibers which are then rejected. it appears to me 
  that this Substance would make excellent Starch; nothing Can be of a 
  pureer white than it is 
  = 
  This evening late Drewyer, Crusat & Wiser returned with a most 
  acceptable Supply of fat Sturgen, fresh anchoves and a bag Containing 
  about a bushel of Wappato. we feasted on the Anchovies and wappatoe. . 
  = 
  The Heath Cock or cock of the Plains is found in the Plains of Columbia 
  and are in great abundance from the enterance of Lewis's river to the 
  mountains which pass the Columbia between the Great falls and Rapids of 
  that river. this fowl is about 3/4ths the Size of a turkey. the beak is 
  large Short Curved and convex. the upper exceeding the lower chap. the 
  nostrils are large and the back black. the Colour is a uniform mixture of 
  dark brown reather bordering on a dove colour, redish and yellowish brown 
  with Some Small black Specks. in this mixture the dark brown provails and 
  has a Slight cast of the dove colour at a little distance. the wider side 
  of the larger feathers of the wings are of a dark brown only. the tail is 
  composed of 19 feathers of which that in the center is the longest, and 
  the remaining 9 on each Side deminish by pairs as they receede from the 
  Center; that is any one feather is equal in length to one of an equal 
  distance from the Center of the tail on the opposit Side. the tail when 
  folded Comes to a very Sharp point and appears long in perpotion to the 
  body in the act of flying the tail resembles that of a wild pigeon. tho 
  the motion of the wings is much that of the Pheasant and Grouse. they have 
  four toes on each foot of which the hinder one is Short. the leg is 
  covered with feathers about half the distance between the knee and foot. 
  when the wings is expanded there are wide opening between it's feathers, 
  the plumage being So narrow that it does not extend from one quill to 
  another. the wings are also propotionably Short, reather more So than 
  those of the Pheasant or Grouse. the habits of this bird is much the Same 
  as those of the Prarie hen or Grouse. only that the food of this fowl is 
  almost entirely that of the leaf and buds of the pulpy leafed thorn, nor 
  do I ever recollect Seeing this bird but in the neighbourhood of that 
  Shrub. The gizzard of it is large and much less compressed and muscular 
  than in most fowls, in Short it resembles a maw quite as much as a 
  gizzard. When they fly they make a cackling noise Something like the 
  dunghill fowl. the flesh of this fowl is dark and only tolerable in point 
  of flavour. I do not think it as good as wth the Pheasant or Prarie hen, 
  or Grouse. the feathers above it's head are pointed and Stiff Some hairs 
  about the base of the beak. feathers Short fine and Stiff about the ears, 
  and eye. This is a faint likeness of the Cock of the plains or Heath Cock 
  the first of those fowls which we met with was on the Missouri below and 
  in the neighbourhood of the Rocky Mountains and from to the mountain which 
  passes the Columbia between the Great falls and Rapids they go in large 
  gangues or Singularly and hide remarkably close when pursued, make Short 
  flights, &c# 
  = 
  The large Black & White Pheasant is peculiar to that portion of the 
  Rocky Mountains watered by the Columbia River. at least we did not See 
  them untill we reached the waters of that river, nor Since we have left 
  those mountains. they are about the Size of a well grown hen. the contour 
  of the bird is much that of the redish brown Pheasant common to our 
  country. the tail is proportionably as long and is composed of 18 feathers 
  of equal length, of a uniform dark brown tiped with black. the feathers of 
  the body are of a dark brown black and white. the black is that which most 
  prodomonates, and white feathers are irregularly intermixed with those of 
  the black and dark brown on every part but in greater perpotion about the 
  neck breast and belly. this mixture gives it very much the appearance of 
  that kind of dunghill fowl, which the henwives of our Countrey Call 
  dommanicker. in the brest of Some of those birds the white prodominates 
  most. they are not furnished with tufts of long feathers on the neck as 
  other Pheasants are, but have a Space on each Side of the neck about 21/2 
  inches long and one inch in width on which no feathers grow, tho it is 
  consealed by the feathers which are inserted on the hinder and front part 
  of the neck, this Space Seams to Serve them to dilate or contract the 
  feathers of the neck with more ease. the eye is dark, the beak black, 
  uncovered Somewhat pointed and the upper exceeds the under chap. they have 
  a narrow Strip of vermillion colour above each eye which consists of a 
  fleshey Substance not protuberant but uneaven, with a number of minute 
  rounded dots. it has four toes on each foot of which three are in front, 
  it is booted to the toes. it feeds on wild fruits, particularly the berry 
  of the Sac~a~com~mis, and much also on the Seed of the pine & fir. 
  this fowl is usially found in Small numbers two and three & 4 together 
  on the ground. when Supprised flies up & lights on a tree and is 
  easily Shot their flesh is Superior to most of the Pheasant Species which 
  we have met with. they have a gizzard as other Pheasants &c# feed also 
  on the buds of the Small Huckleberry bushes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1239-1806-03-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday March 3rd 1806. Two of our perogues have been lately injured very 
  much in consequence of the tide leaving them partially on shore. they 
  split by this means with their own weight. we had them drawn out on shore. 
  our convalessents are slowly on the recovery. Lapage is taken sick, gave 
  him a doze of Scots pills which did not operate. no movement of the party 
  today worthy of notice. every thing moves on in the old way and we are 
  counting the days which seperate us from the 1st of April and which bind 
  us to fort Clatsop. The large black and white pheasant is peculiar 
  to that portion of the Rocky Mountain watered by the Columbia river. at 
  least we did not see them in these mountains until I we reached the waters 
  of that river nor since we have left those mountains. they are about the 
  size of a well grown hen. the contour of the bird is much that of the 
  redish brown pheasant common to our country. the tail is proportionably as 
  long and is composed of eighteen feathers of equal length, of an uniform 
  dark brown tiped with black. the feathers of the body are of a dark brown 
  black and white. the black is that which most predominates, and white 
  feathers are irregularly intermixed with those of the black and dark brown 
  on every part, but in greater proportion about the neck breast and belley. 
  this mixture gives it very much the appearance of that kind of dunghill 
  fowl which the hen~wives of our country call dom~manicker. in the brest of 
  some of these birds the white predominates most. they are not furnished 
  with tufts of long feathers on the neck as our pheasants are, but have a 
  space on each side of the neck about 21/2 inches long and 1 In. in width 
  on which no feathers grow, tho tis concealed by the feathers which are 
  inserted on the hinder and front part of the neck; this space seems to 
  surve them to dilate or contract the feathers of the neck with more ease. 
  the eye is dark, the beak black, curved somewhat pointed and the upper 
  exceeds the under chap. they have a narrow stripe of vermillion colour 
  above each eye which consists of a fleshey substance not protuberant but 
  uneven with a number of minute rounded dots. it has four toes on each foot 
  of which three are in front. it is booted to the toes. it feeds on wild 
  fruits, particularly the berry of the sac~a~commis, and much also on the 
  seed of the pine and fir. 
  = 
  The small speckled pheasant found in the same country with that above 
  discribed, differs from it only in point of size and somewhat in colour. 
  it is scarcely half the size of the other; ascociates in much larger 
  flocks and is very gentle. the black is more predominant and the dark bron 
  feathers less frequent in this than the larger species. the mixture of 
  white is also more general on every part of this bird. it is considerably 
  smaller than our pheasant and the body reather more round. in other 
  particulars they differ not at all from the large black and white 
  pheasant. this by way of distinction I have called the speckled pheasant. 
  the flesh of both these species of party coloured phesants is of a dark 
  colour and with the means we had of cooking them not very well flavored. 
  = 
  The small brown pheasant is an inhabitant of the same country and is of 
  the size and shape of the specled pheasant which it also resembles in it's 
  economy and habits. the stripe above the eye in this species is scarcely 
  perceptable, and is when closely examined of a yellow or orrange colour 
  instead of the vermillion of the outhers. it's colour is an uniform 
  mixture of dark and yellowish brown with a slight mixture of brownish 
  white on the breast belley and the feathers underneath the tail. the whol 
  compound is not unlike that of the common quail only darker. this is also 
  booted to the toes. the flesh of this is preferable to either of the 
  others and that of the breast is as white as the pheasant of the Atlantic 
  coast.the redish brown pheasant has been previously discribed. The 
  Crow raven and Large Blackbird are the same as those of our country only 
  that the crow is here much smaller yet it's note is the same. I observe no 
  difference either between the hawks of this coast and those of the 
  Atlantic. I have observed the large brown hawk, the small or sparrow hawk, 
  and the hawk of an intermediate size with a long tail and blewish coloured 
  wings remarkably swift in flight and very firce. sometimes called in the U 
  States the hen hawk. these birds seem to be common to every part of this 
  country, and the hawks crows & ravens build their nests in great 
  numbers along the high and inaccessable clifts of the Columbia river and 
  it's S# E# branch where we passed along them. we also met with the 
  large hooting Owl under the Rocky mountain on the Kooskoskee river. it did 
  not appear to differ materially from those of our country. I think it's 
  colours reather deeper and brighter than with us, particularly the redish 
  brown. it is the same size and form. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1240-1806-03-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday March 3rd 1806 Two of our Canoes have been lately injured very much 
  in consequence of the tide leaveing them partially on Shore. they Split by 
  this means with their own weight. we had them drawn out on Shore. our 
  convalessents are Slowly on the recovery. La page is taken Sick. gave him 
  Some of Scotts Pills which did not opperate. no movement of the party to 
  day worthey of notice. every thing moves on in the old way and we are 
  Counting the days which Seperate us from the 1st of April, & which 
  bind us to Fort Clatsop. . 
  = 
  The Small Speckled Pheasant found in the Rocky Mountains, and differ from 
  the large black and white pheasant only in point of Size, and Somewhat in 
  colour. it is scercely half the Size of the other; assosiates in much 
  larger flocks and is also very gentle. the black is more predominate and 
  the dark brown feathers less frequent in this than the larger Species. the 
  mixture of white is also more general on every part of this bird. it is 
  considerably Smaller than our Pheasant and the body reather more round. in 
  other particulars they differ not at all, from the large black and white 
  Pheasant. this by way of distinction I have called the Speckled Pheasant. 
  the flesh of both these Species of party coloured Pheasant is of a dark 
  colour, and with the means we had of cooking them were only tolerably 
  flavoured tho these birds would be fine well cooked. 
  = 
  The small Brown Pheasant is an inhabitant of the Same Country and is of 
  the Size and Shape of the Speckled Pheasant, which it also resembles in 
  it's economy and habits, the Stripe above the eye in this Species is 
  scercely preceptable and is when closely examined of a yellow or orrange 
  colour in Sted of the vermillion of the others. it's colour is of a 
  uniform mixture of dark and yellowish brown with a Slight mixture of 
  brownish white on the breast belley and the feathers under the tail. the 
  whole Compound is not unlike that of the Common quaile only darker. this 
  is also booted to the toes. the flesh is tolerable and that of the breast 
  is as white as the Pheasant of the atlantic coast. the redish brown 
  Pheasant has been previously discribed. . 
  = 
  The Crow Ravin and large Blackbird are the Same as those of our Country, 
  only that the Crow here is much Smaller, yet its note is the Same. I 
  observe no difference between the Hawk of this Coast and those of the 
  Atlantic. I have observed the large brown Hawk, the Small or Sparrow hawk, 
  and a hawk of an intermediate Size with a long tail and blewish coloured 
  wings, remarkably Swift in flight and very ferce. Sometimes called in the 
  Un. States the hen Hawk. those birds Seam to be common to every part of 
  this Country in greater or smaller numbers, and the Hawks, Crows, and 
  ravins build their nests in great numbers along the high & 
  inaxcessable clifts of the Columbia, and Lewis's rivers when we passd 
  along them. we also met with the large hooting Owl under the Rocky 
  mountains on the Kooskooske R# it's Colour reather deeper than with us, 
  but differ in no other respect from those of the U States. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1241-1806-03-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday March 4th 1806. Not any occurrence today worthy of notice. we live 
  sumptuously on our wappetoe and Sturgeon. the Anchovey is so delicate that 
  they soon become tainted unless pickled or smoked. the natives run a small 
  stick through their gills and hang them in the smoke of their lodges, or 
  kindle a small fire under them for the purpose of drying them. they need 
  no previous preperation of guting &c and will cure in 24 hours. the 
  natives do not appear to be very scrupelous about eating them when a 
  little feated. the fresh sturgeon they keep for many days by 
  immersing it in water. they coock their sturgeon by means of vapor or 
  steam. the process is as follows. a brisk fire is kindled on which a 
  parcel of stones are lad. when the fire birns down and the stones are 
  sufficiently heated, the stones are so arranged as to form a tolerable 
  level surface, the sturgeon which had been previously cut into large 
  fletches is now laid on the hot stones; a parsel of small boughs of bushes 
  is next laid on and a second course of the sturgeon thus repating 
  alternate layers of sturgeon and boughs untill the whole is put on which 
  they design to cook. it is next covered closely with matts and water is 
  poared in such manner as to run in among the hot stones and the vapor 
  arrising being confined by the mats, cooks the fish. the whole process is 
  performed in an hour, and the sturgeon thus cooked is much better than 
  either boiled or roasted. 
  = 
  The turtle dove and robbin are the same of our country and are found as 
  well in the plain as open country. the Columbian robbin heretofore 
  discribed seems to be the inhabitant of the woody country exclusively. the 
  Magpy is most commonly found in the open country and are the same with 
  those formerly discribed on the Missouri. the large woodpecker or log 
  cock, the lark woodpeckers and the small white woodpecker with a read head 
  are the same with those of the Atlantic states and are found exclusively 
  in the timbered country. The blue crested Corvus and the small white 
  breasted do have been previously discribed and are the natives of a piney 
  country invariably, being found as well on the rocky mountains as on this 
  coast. the lark is found in the plains only and are the same with 
  those before mentioned on the Missouri, and not very unlike what is called 
  in Virginia the old field lark. The large bluefish brown or sandhill 
  Crain are found in the valley of the Rocky mountains in Summer and Autumn 
  where they raise their young, and in the winter and begining of spring on 
  this river below tidewater and on this coast. they are the same as those 
  common to the Southern and Western States where they are most generally 
  known by the name of the Sandhill crain. The vulture has also been 
  discribed. there are two species of the flycatch, a small redish brown 
  species with a short tail, round body, short neck and short pointed beak. 
  they have some fine black specks intermixed with the uniform redish brown. 
  this the same with that which remains all winter in Virginia where it is 
  sometimes called the wren. the second species has lately returned and dose 
  not remain here all winter. it's colours are a yellowish brown on the back 
  head neck wings and tail the breast and belley of a yellowish white; the 
  tail is in proportion as the wren but it is a size smaller than that bird. 
  it's beak is streight pointed convex reather lage at the base and the 
  chaps of equal length. the first species is the smallest, in short it is 
  the smalest bird that I have ever seen in America except the humming bird. 
  both these species are found in the woody country only or at least I have 
  never seen them elsewhere. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1242-1806-03-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday March 4th 1806 Not any accurrance to day worthy of notice. we live 
  Sumptiously on our wappatoe and Sturgeon. the Anchovey is so delicate that 
  they Soon become tainted unless pickled or Smoked. the nativs run a Small 
  Stick through their gills and hang them in the Smoke of their Lodges, or 
  Kindle Small fires under them for the purpose of drying them. they need no 
  previous preperation of gutting &c# and will Cure in 24 hours. the 
  nativs do not appear to be very Scrupilous about eating them a little 
  feated. 
  = 
  the fresh sturgeon they Keep maney days by immersing it in water. they 
  Cook their Sturgeon by means of vapor or Steam. the process is as follows. 
  a brisk fire is kindled on which a parcel of Stones are Sufficiently 
  heated, the Stones are So arranged as to form a tolerable leavel Surface, 
  the Sturgeon which had been previously cut into large flaetches is now 
  laid on the hot Stones; a parcel of Small boughs of bushes is next laid 
  on, and a Second course of the Sturgeon thus repeating alternate layers of 
  Sturgeon & boughs untill the whole is put on which they design to 
  Cook. it is next covered closely with mats and water is poared in Such 
  manner as to run in among the hot Stones, and the vapor arriseing being 
  confind by the mats, cooks the fish. the whole process is performd in an 
  hour and the Sturgeon thus Cooked is much better than either boiled or 
  roasted. in their usial way of bolting of other fish in baskets with hot 
  Stones is not so good. 
  = 
  The turtle doves and robin are the Same of those of our countrey and are 
  found as well as the plains as open countrey. the Columbia robin 
  heretofore discribed Seams to be the inhabitent of the woody Country 
  exclusively. the magpye is most commonly found in the open Country and are 
  the Same with those formerly discribed on the Missouri. 
  = 
  The large wood pecker or log cock the lark woodpecker and the common wood 
  pecker with a red head are the Same with those of the Atlantic States, and 
  are found exclusively in the timbered Country. The Blue crested Corvus and 
  the Small white brested corvus are the nativs of a piney country 
  invariably, being found as well on the Rocky Mountains as on this coast. 
  The lark is found in the plains only and are the Same with those on the 
  Missouri and the Illinois and not unlike what is Called in Virginia the 
  old field Lark. 
  = 
  The large bluish brown or Sandhill Crain are found in the Vally's of the 
  Rocky Mountain in Summer and autumn when they raise their young and in the 
  winter and beginning of Spring on this river below tide water and on this 
  coast. they are the Same as those Common to the Southern and Western 
  States where they are most generally known by the name of the Sand hill 
  Crain. The Vulture has already been discribed. 
  = 
  There are two Species of fly Catch, a Small redish brown with a Short 
  tail, round body, Short neck, and Short pointed beak, and the Same as that 
  with us sometimes called the Wren. the 2d Species does not remain all 
  winter they have just returned and are of a Yellowish brown Colour. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1243-1806-03-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday March 5th 1806. This morning we were visited by two parties of 
  Clatsops. they brought some fish a hat and some skins for sale most of 
  which we purchased. they returned to their village in the evening. late in 
  the evening the hunters returned from the kil~haw~a~nack~kle River which 
  discharges itself into the head of the bay. They had neither killed nor 
  seen any Elk. they informed us that the Elk had all gone off to the 
  mountains a considerable distance from us. this is unwelcome information 
  and reather allarming we have only 2 days provision on hand, and that 
  nearly spoiled. we made up a small assortment of articles to trade with 
  the Indians and directed Sergt# Pryor to set out early in the morning in a 
  canoe with 2 men, to ascend the Columbia to the resort of the Indian 
  fishermen and purchase some fish; we also directed two parties of hunters 
  to renew the Chase tomorrow early. the one up the Netul and the other 
  towards Point Adams. if we find that the Elk have left us, we have 
  determined to ascend the river slowly and indeavour to procure subsistence 
  on the way, consuming the Month of March in the woody country. earlyer 
  than April we conceive it a folly to attempt the open plains where we know 
  there is no fuel except a few small dry shrubs. we shall not leave our 
  quarters at fort Clatsop untill the first of April, as we intended unless 
  the want of subsistence compels us to that measure. The common snipe of 
  the marshes and the small sand snipe are the same of those common to the 
  Atlantic Coast tho the former are by no means as abundant here. the 
  prarrow of the woody country is also similar to ours but not abundant. 
  those of the plains of Columbia are the same with those of the Missouri, 
  tho they are by no means so abundant. I have not seen the little singing 
  lark or the large brown Curloo so common to the plains of the Missouri, 
  but I beleive that the latter is an inhabitant of this country during 
  summer from Indian information. I have no doubt but what many species of 
  birds found here in Autumn and Summer had departed before our arrival. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1244-1806-03-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday March 5th 1806. This morning we were visited by two parties of 
  Clatsops they brought Some fish, a hat and Some Skins for Sale most of 
  which we purchased, they returned to their Village in the evening with the 
  returning tide. late in the evening the Hunters returned from the 
  Kil~haw~d nack~kle River which discharges itself into the head of the Bay. 
  They had neither killed nor Seen any Elk. they informed us that the Elk 
  had all gorn off to the mountains a considerable distance from us. this is 
  unwelcom information and reather alarming. we have only two days 
  provisions on hand and that nearly Spoiled. we made up a Small assortment 
  of Articles to trade with the Indians, and directed Sergt Natl. Pryor to 
  Set out early in the morning in a canoe with two men, to assend the 
  Columbia to the resort of the Indians fishermen and purchase Some fish; we 
  also derected two parties of hunters to renew the chase tomorrow early. 
  the one up the Netul, and the other towards point Adams. If we find that 
  the Elk have left us, we have determined to assend the river slowly and 
  endeaver to precure Subsistance on the way, Consumeing the month of March 
  in the woody Country, earlyer than april we conceive it a folly to attempt 
  the Open plains where we know there is no fuel except a fiew Small dry 
  Shrubs. we Shall not leave our quarters at Fort Clatsop untill the 1st of 
  April as we intended, unless the want of Subsistance compels us to that 
  measure. 
  = 
  The common Snipe of the marshes and the Small sand snipe are the same of 
  those Common to the atlantic coast tho the former are by no means as 
  abundant here. 
  = 
  The Sparrow of the woody country is also Similar to ours but not abundant. 
  those of the plains of Columbia are the Same with those of the Missouri. 
  tho they are by no means So Abundant. I have not Seen the little Singing 
  lark or the large brown Curloe So Common to the Plains of the Missouri. 
  but believe the Curloe is an inhabitent of this Countrey dureing Summer 
  from Indian information and their attemps to mimick the notes of this 
  fowl. I have no doubt but what maney Species of birds found here in autumn 
  and Summer had departed before our arrival. 
  = 
  The Aquatic Birds of this country or such as obtain their Subsistence from 
  the water, are the large blue and brown heron, fishing Hawk, blue crested 
  fisher, Gulls of Several Species of the Coast, the large grey Gull of the 
  Columbia, Comorant, loons of two Species, white and the brown brant, Small 
  and large Geese, small and large Swans, the Duckinmallard, canvis back 
  Duck, red headed fishing Duck, black and white duck, little brown Duck, 
  Black Duck, two Species of Divers, blue winged teal, 14 and Some other 
  Species of Ducks, two Species of Plevers. 
  = 
  The hunters who were out last informed me that they discovered a very 
  Considerable fall in the Kit~haw~a~nack~kle River on its main western fork 
  at which place it falls abt# 100 feet from the Side of a mountain S# E# 
  about 6 miles from Fort Clatsop and nearly 15 from its enterance into the 
  bay by the Meanderings of this river a high mountain is Situated S 60° W# 
  about 18 miles from Fort Clatsop on which there has been Snow Since Nov. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1245-1806-03-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday March 6th 1806. This morning the fishing and hunting parties set 
  out agreeably to their instructions given them last evening. at 11 A#M# we 
  were visited by Comowoll and two of his children. he presented us with 
  some Anchovies which had been well cured in their manner. we foud them 
  excellent. they were very acceptable particularly at this moment. we gave 
  the old man some small articles in return. this we have found much the 
  most friendly and decent savage that we have met with in this 
  neighbourhood. Hall had his foot and ankle much injured yesterday by the 
  fall of a large stick of timber; the bones were fortunately not broken and 
  I expect he will be able to walk again shortly. Bratton is now weaker than 
  any of the convalessants, all of whom recover slowly in consequence of the 
  want of proper diet, which we have it not in our power to procure. 
  = 
  The Aquatic birds of this country, or such as obtain their subsistence 
  from the water, are the large blue and brown heron, fishing hawk, blue 
  crested fisher, gulls of several species of the Coast, the large grey gull 
  of the Columbia, Cormorant, loons of two species, white, and the brown 
  brant, small and large geese, small and large Swan, the Duckinmallard, 
  canvis back duck, red headed fishing duck, black and white duck, little 
  brown duck, black duck, two speceis of divers, blue winged teal, and some 
  other speceis of ducks. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1246-1806-03-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday March 6th 1806 This morning, the fishing and hunting party's Set 
  out agreeably to their instructions given them last evening. At 11 a.m. we 
  were visited by Commowoll and two boys Sons of his. he presented us with 
  Some Anchovies which had been well Cured in their manner, we found them 
  excellent. they were very acceptable perticularly at this moment. we gave 
  the old mans Sones a twisted wire to ware about his neck, and I gave him a 
  par of old glovs which he was much pleased with. this we have found much 
  the most friendly and decent Indian that we have met with in this 
  neighbourhood. 
  = 
  Hall had his foot and ankle much injured yesterday by the fall of a log 
  which he had on his Sholder; the bones are fortunately not broken, I 
  expect he will be able to walk again Shortly. Bratten is now weaker than 
  any of the convalessants, and complains verry much of his back, all of 
  them recovering Slowly in consequence of the want of proper diet, which we 
  have it not in our power to precure. 
  = 
  The large Blue and brown Herons or crains as they are usialy called in the 
  U States are found below tide water. they are the Same of those of the U, 
  States. The Fishing Hawk with the Crown of the head white, and back of a 
  milkey white, and the blue crested or king fisher are found on every part 
  of the Columbia and its water Along which we passed and are the Same with 
  those of the U, States. the fishing hawk is not abundant, particularly in 
  the mountains. There are 4 Species of the larus or gull on this coast and 
  river. 1st a Small Species the Size of a Pegion; white except some black 
  spots about the head and the little bone on the but of the wing. 2d a 
  Species Somewhat larger of a light brown colour, with a mealy coloured 
  back. 3rd the large Grey Gull, or white larus with a greyish brown back, 
  and light grey belly and breast, about the Size of a well grown pullet, 
  the wings are remarkably long in perpotion to the Size of the body and 
  it's under chap towards the extremity is gibbous and protuberant than in 
  either of the other Species. a White Gull about the Size of the Second 
  with a remarkable beak; adjoining the head and on the base of the upper 
  Chap there is an elivated orning of the Same Substance with the beak which 
  forms the nostriels at A; it is Somewhat in this form. the feet are webed 
  and the legs and feet of a yellow colour. the form of the wings body &c 
  are much that of the 2d Species this bird was Seen on Haleys bay. 
  = 
  The large Grey Gull is found on the Columbian waters as high as the 
  enterence of the Koos koos ke and in common with the other Species on the 
  coast; the others appear confined to the tidewater, and the 4th Species 
  not So common as either of the others. The Comorant is a large black duck 
  which feeds on fish; I proceive no difference between it & these found 
  in the rivers of the Atlantic Coasts. we met with as high up the river as 
  the enterance of the Chopunnish into the Kooskooske river. they increased 
  in numbers as we decended, and formed much the Greatest portion of 
  waterfowls which we saw on the Columbia untill we reached tidewater, where 
  they also abound but do not bear a Similar proportion to the fowls found 
  in this quarter. we found this bird fat and tolerably flavoured as we 
  decended the Columbia. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1247-1806-03-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday March 7th 1806. The wind was so high that Comowol did not leave us 
  untill late this evening. Labuish and Drewyer returned at sunset having 
  killed one Elk only. they report that there are some scattering male Elk 
  in the neighbourhood of the place they killed this one or about 5 miles up 
  the Netul on this side. Bratton is much wose today, he complains of 
  a violent pain in the small of his back and is unable in consequence to 
  set up. we gave him one of our flanel shirts, applyed a bandage of flannel 
  to the part and bathed and rubed it well with some vollatile linniment 
  which I prepared with sperits of wine, camphor, castile soap and a little 
  laudinum. he felt himself better in the evening. the large blue and 
  brown herons, or Crams as they are usually called in the U States are 
  found on this river below tidewater. they are the same with those of the U 
  States. the fishing hawk with the crown of the head White and back of a 
  mealy white, and the blue crested or King fisher are found on every part 
  of the Columbia and it's waters and are the same with those of the U 
  States. the fishing hawk is not abundant particularly in the mountains. 
  there are four speceis of larus or gull on this coast and river, 1st a 
  small speceis about the size of a pigeon; white except some black spots 
  about the head and a little brown on the but of the wings, 2nd a speceis 
  somewhat larger of a light brown colour with a whitish or mealy coloured 
  back. 3rd the large grey gull, or white larus with a greyish brown back 
  and a light grey belley and breast, about the size of a well grown pullet 
  or reather larger. the wings are remarkably long in proportion to the size 
  of the body and it's under chap towards the extremity is more gibbous and 
  protuberant than in either of the other speceis. 4th a white gull about 
  the size of the second with a remarkable beak; adjoining the head and at 
  the base of the uper Chap there is an elivated orning of the same 
  substance with the beak which forms the nostrils; it is some what in this 
  forma the feet are webbed and the legs and feet of a yellow colour. the 
  form of the wings body &c are much that of the second species. the 
  large grey gull is found on the river as high as the entrance of the 
  Kooskooske and in common with the other speceis on the coast; the others 
  appear to be confined to tidewater; and the fourth speceis not so common 
  as either of the others. the cormorant is a large black duck which feeds 
  on fish; I perceive no difference between it and those found in the 
  Potomac and other rivers on the Atlantic Coast. tho I do not recollect 
  seeing those on the atlantic so high up the rivers as those are found 
  here. we first met with them on the Kooskooske at the entrance of 
  Chopunnish river. they increased in quantity as we decended, and formed 
  much the greatest portion of the waterfowl which we saw on the Columbia 
  untill we reached tidewater where they also abound but do not bear a 
  similar proportion to the other fowls found in this quarter. 
  = 
  There are two speceis of loons. 1st the Speckled loon found on every part 
  of the rivers of this country. they are the same size colours and form 
  with those of the Atlantic coast. the second speceis we first met with at 
  the great falls of the Columbia and from thence down. this bird is not 
  more than half the size of the speckled loon, it's neck is long, slender 
  and white in front. the Colour of the body and back of the neck and head 
  are of a dun or ash colour, the breast and belley are white. the beak is 
  like that of the speckled loon and like them it cannot fly but flutters 
  along on the top of the warter or dives for security when pursued. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1248-1806-03-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday March 7th 1806 The wind was So high that Comowol did not leave us 
  untill late this evening. Drewyer & Labiesh returned at Sunset haveing 
  killed one Elk only. they report that there are Some Scattering mail Elk 
  in the neighbourhood of the place they killed this one or about 5 miles up 
  the Netul river on the west Side. Bratten is much worst to day he 
  complains of a violent pain in the Small of his back, and is unable in 
  consequence of it to Set up. we gave him one of our flanel Shirts. I 
  applied a bandage of flanel to the part and rubed it well with Some 
  volatile linniment which was prepared with Sperits of wine, camphire, 
  Sastile Soap, and a little laudinum. he felt himself better in the evening 
  at which time I repeated the linnement and bathed his feet to restore 
  circulation which he complaind of in that part. 
  = 
  There are two Species of Loons. 1st the Speckled loon found on every part 
  of the rivers of this quarter, they are the Same Size Colour and form with 
  those of the Ohio, and atlantic coasts. the 2d Species we first met with 
  at the great falls of the Columbia and from thence down. this bird is not 
  more than half the Size of the Speckled loon, it's neck is long, Slender 
  and white in front. the colour of the body and back of the neck and head 
  are of a dun or ash Colour, the breast and belly are white. the back is 
  like that of the Speckled loon, and like them it cannot fly, but flutters 
  along on the top of the water or Dives for Security when pursued. 
  = 
  John Shields Reubin Fields & Robert frasure measured 2 trees of the 
  fur kind one 37 feet around, appears sound, has but fiew limbs for 200 
  feet it is East of the Netul abt 280 feet high. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1249-1806-03-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday March 8th 1806. Bratton is much better today, his back gives him 
  but little pain. Collins returned early in the morning and informed us 
  that he had killed three Elk about five miles distant on the edge of the 
  prarie in Point Adams. one of them fell in a deep pond of water and could 
  not get it, the other two he butcherd and secured. he saw two large herds 
  of Elk in that quarter. we sent Drewyer and Joseph Fields to hunt those 
  Elk. a party were also sent with Labuish for the flesh of the Elk which 
  Drewyer and himself had killed up the netul, they returned with it in the 
  evening. Shields, R# Fields and Frazier returned this evening from the 
  Kilhawanackkle unsuccessfull having seen no Elk. McNeal and Goodrich 
  having recovered from the Louis veneri I directed them to desist from the 
  uce of mercury. The white brant is very common in this country 
  particularly below tidewater where they remain in vast quantities during 
  the winter. they feed like the swan gees &c on the grass roots and 
  seeds which they find in the marshes. this bird is about the size of the 
  brown brant or a third less than the common Canadian or wild goose. the 
  head is proportionably with the goose reather large; the beak also thicker 
  shorter and of much the same form, being of a yellowish white colour 
  except the edges of the chaps, which are frequently of a dark brown. the 
  legs and feet are of the same form of the goose and are of a redish white 
  or pale flesh colour. the tail is composed of sixteen feathers of equal 
  length as those of the geese and brown brant are and bears about the same 
  proportion in point of length. the eye is of a dark colour and nothing 
  remarkable as to size. the wings are rether longer compared with those of 
  the goose but not as much so as in the brown or pided brant. the colour of 
  the plumage of this bird is unifomly a pure white except the large 
  feathers of the extremities of the wings which are black. the large 
  feathers of the 1st joint of the wing next to the body are white. the note 
  of this bird differs essentially from that of the goose; it more resembles 
  that of the brown brant but is somewhat different. it is like the note of 
  young domestic goose which has not perfectly attained it's full note. the 
  flesh of this bird is exceedingly fine, preferable to either the goose or 
  pided brant. The Brown or pided brant are much the same size and 
  form of the white only that their wings are considerably longer and more 
  pointed. the plumage of the upper part of the body neck head and tail is 
  much the colour of the canadian goose but reather darker in consequence of 
  som dark brown feathers which are distributed and irregularly scattered 
  throughout. they have not the white on the neck and sides of the head as 
  the goose has nor is the neck darker than the body. like the goose there 
  are some white feathers on the rump at the joining of the tail. the beak 
  is dark and the legs and feet also dark with a greenish cast; the breast 
  and belley are of a lighter colour than the back and is also irregularly 
  intermixed with dark brown and black feathers which give it a pided 
  appearance. the flesh of this bird is dark and in my estimation reather 
  better than that of the goose. the habits of this bird are the same nearly 
  with the goose and white brant with this difference that they do not 
  remain in this climate in such numbers during the winter as the others, 
  and that it sets out earlier in the fall season on it's return to the 
  south and arrives later in the spring than the goose. I see no difference 
  between this bird and that called simply the brant, common to the lakes 
  the Ohio and Mississippi &c# The small goose of this country is 
  reather less than the brant; it's head and neck like the brant are reather 
  larger than that of the goose in proportion; their beak is also thicker 
  and shorter. their notes are more like those of our tame gees; in all 
  other rispects they are the same with the large goose with which, they so 
  frequently ascociate that it was some time after I first observed this 
  goose before I could determine whether it was a distinct speceis or not. I 
  have now no hesitation in declaring them a distinct speceis. the large 
  goose is the same of that common on the Atlantic coast, and known by the 
  appellation of the wild, or Canadian goose. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1250-1806-03-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday March 8th 1806 Bratten is much better this morning, his back givs 
  him but little pain. Collins returned early in the morning, and informed 
  us that he had killed three Elk about five miles distance on the edge of 
  the prarie in point Adams. one of them fell in a deep pond of water and he 
  could not git to it. the other two he butchered and Saved. he saw two 
  large herds of Elk in that quarter. we Sent Drewyer & Jos. Field to 
  hunt these Elk, a party was also Sent with Labiesh for the flesh of the 
  Elk which Drewyer and himself had killd up the Netul, they returned with 
  it in the evening. Shields, R# Field and Frasure returned this evening 
  from the Kilhawanackkle unsuccessfull haveing Seen no Elk. McNeal and 
  Goodrich haveing recovered from the Louis veneri I detected them to desist 
  from takeing the murcury or useing in future. willard is yet complaining 
  and is low Spirited. 
  = 
  The White Brant is very common in this country particularly below tide 
  water where they remain in vast quantities dureing the winter. they feed 
  like the Swan Goose &c# on the grass and roots & Seeds which they 
  find in the marshes this bird is a little larger than the brown brant and 
  a fourth less than the common wild or Canadian goose. the head is 
  proportionably with the goose reather large; the beak thicker Shorter and 
  of the Same form, being of a yellowish white colour except the edges of 
  the Chaps, which are frequently of a dark brown. the legs and feet are of 
  the Same form of the goose and are of a redish white or pail flesh colour. 
  the tail is composed of Sixteen feathers of equal length as those of the 
  geese and brown brant are, and bears about the Same perpotion in point of 
  length. the Eye is of a dark colour and nothing remarkable as to Size. the 
  wings are reather longer compared with those of the goose, but not as much 
  So as is the brown or pieded brant. the colour of the plumage of this bird 
  is uniformly a pure white except the large feathers of the extremities of 
  the wings which are black. The large feathers of the 1st joint of the wing 
  next to the body are white. the note of this bird differs essentially from 
  that of the goose; it more resembles that of the brown brant but is 
  Somewhat different. it is like the note of a young domestic goose which 
  has not perfectly attained its full note. the flesh of this bird is 
  exceedingly fine, prefferable to either the goose or pieded brant. the 
  neck is Shorter in prpotion than that of the goose. 
  = 
  The Brown or pieded brant are nearly the Size and much the Same form of 
  the white brante only that their wings are considerably longer and more 
  pointed. the plumage of the upper part of the body, neck, head and tail is 
  much the Colour of the Common or Canadian Goose but rather darker in 
  consequence of Some dark brown feathers which are distributed and 
  irregularly scattered throughout. they have not the white on the neck and 
  Sides of the head as the goose has nor is the neck darker than the body. 
  like the goose there are Some white feathers on the rump at the junction 
  of the tail. the beak, legs and feet are dark, with a greenish cast; the 
  breast and belly are of a lighter colour than the back and is also 
  intermixed, irregularly, with dark brown and black feathers which gives it 
  a pieded appearance. the flesh of this bird is dark, and in my estimation 
  reather better than that of the goose. the habits of this bird is nearly 
  the same with the goose and white brant, with this difference that they do 
  not remain in this Climate in Such numbers dureing the winter as the 
  others. I See no difference between this bird and that Called Simpilly the 
  Brant Common to the Lakes and frequently Seen on the Ohio and Mississippi 
  in large flocks &c# 
  = 
  The Small Goose of this country is reather less than the Brant; it's head 
  and neck like the brant are reather larger than that of the goose in 
  purpotion; their beak is also thicker and Shorter. their notes are more 
  like those of our taim geese, in all other respect they are the Same with 
  the large Goose with which, they So frequently ascoiete, that it was Some 
  time after I first observed this goose before I could whether it was a 
  distinct Speces or not. I have no hesitation now in declareing them a 
  distinct Species. the large Goose is the Same as that common to the Ohio, 
  and atlantic coast, and known by the appellation of the wild, or Canadian 
  Goose. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1251-1806-03-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday March 9th 1806. This morning the men set out at daylight to go in 
  gust of the Elk which Collins had killed, they returned with it at eleven 
  A#M# Bratton complains of his back being very painfull to him today; I 
  conceive this pain to be something of the rheumatism. we still apply the 
  linniment and flannel; in the evening he was much better. Drewyer and 
  Joseph Fields returned not having found any Elk. Sergt# Pryor and the 
  fishing party not yet arrived, suppose they are detained by the winds. 
  visited by 3 Clatsop men who brought a dog some fish and a Sea Otter skin 
  for sale. we suffered them to remain all night. we set Shields at work to 
  make some sacks of Elk skin to contain various articles. The large Swan is 
  precisely the same common to the Atlantic States. the small swan differs 
  only from the larger one in size and it's note. it is about one fourth 
  less and it's note entirely different. the latter cannot be justly 
  immetated by the sound of letters nor do I know any sounds with which a 
  comparison would be pertinent. it begins with a kind of whistleing sound 
  and terminates in a round full note which is reather louder than the 
  whistleing, or former part; this note is as loud as that of the large 
  swan. from the peculiar whistleing of the note of this bird I have called 
  it the whistleing swan it's habits colour and contour appear to be 
  precisely those of the large Swan. we first saw them below the great 
  narrows of the Columbia near the Chilluckkittequaw nation. They are very 
  abundant in this neighbourhood and have remained with us all winter. in 
  number they are fully five for one of the large speceis. The duckinmallard 
  or common large duck wich resembles the domestic duck are the same here 
  with those of the U Sts. they are abundant and are found on every part of 
  the river below the mountains. they remain here all winter but I beleive 
  they do not continue during winter far above tidewater. a beautifull duck 
  and one of the most delicious in the world is found in considerable 
  quantities in this neighbourhood during the Autumn and winter. this is the 
  same with that known in the Delliware, Susquehannah, and Potomac by the 
  name of the Canvisback and in James River by that of shell~Drake; in the 
  latter river; however I am informed that they have latterly almost 
  entirely disappeared. to the epicure of those parts of the union where 
  this duck abounds nothing need be added in praise of the exqusite flavor 
  of this duck. I have frequently eaten of them in several parts of the 
  Union and I think those of the Columbia equally as delicious. this duck is 
  never found above tide~water; we did not meet with them untill after we 
  reached the marshey Islands; and I beleive that they have already left 
  this neighbourhood, but whether they have gone northwardly or Southwardly 
  I am unable to determin; nor do I know in what part of the Continent they 
  raise their young. The read headed fishing duck is common to every 
  part of the river and are found as well in the Rocky Mountains as 
  elsewhere; in short this was the only duck we saw on the waters of the 
  Columbia within the mountains. they feed principally on crawfish and are 
  the same in every rispect as those on the rivers in the mountains of the 
  Atlantic Ocean. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1252-1806-03-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday Mach 9th 1806 This morning the men Set out at day light to go in 
  quest of the Elk which Collins had killed, they returned at 11 A#M# 
  Bratten complains of his backs being very painfull to him to day. we Still 
  apply the linnement & flannel; in the evening he was much better. Jos. 
  Field & Drewyer returned not haveing found any Elk. Sergt# Pryor and 
  the fishing party not yet returned, Suppose they are detained by the 
  winds. we are visited by 3 Clatsop men who brought a Dog, Some fish and a 
  Sea otter Skin for Sale. we Suffered them to remain all night. we Set 
  Shields at work to make Some Sacks of Elk Skin to contain my papers, and 
  various articles which we wish kept Dry. 
  = 
  The large Swan is precisely the Same Common to the Missouri, Mississippi 
  and the Atlantic States &c# The Small Swan differ only from the large 
  one in Size and it's note. it is about 1/4th less, and its notes entirely 
  different. the latter cannot be justly immetated by the Sound of letters 
  nor do I know any Sound with which a comparison would be pertinent. it 
  begins with a kind of whistling Sound and terminates in a round full note 
  which is reather louder than the whistling, or former part; this note is 
  as loud as that of the large Swan. from the peculiar whistling of the note 
  of this bird I have Called it the Whistleing Swan. it's habits colour and 
  contour appear to be precisely those of the large swan. we first saw them 
  below the great narrows of the Columbia near the Chilluckkittequaw Nation. 
  they are very abundant in this neighbourhood and have remained with us all 
  winter. in number they are fully five for one of the large Species of the 
  Swan's. 
  = 
  The Duckinmallard are the Same here with those of the U, States. they are 
  abundant and are found on every part of the river below the mountains. 
  they remain here all winter, but I believe they do not remain all winter 
  above tide water. a butifull Duck and one of the most delicious in 
  the world is found in Considerable quantities in this neighbourhood 
  dureing the Autumn and winter. this is the Same as that known in the 
  Dilliwar, Susquehannah and Potomac by the name of the Canvisback and James 
  River by that of Shell~Drake; in the latter river I am informed that they 
  have latterly almost entirely disapeared. the epicures of those parts of 
  the Union where those Ducks abound nothing need be added in prais of the 
  exquisit flavor of this duck. I have eaten of them in Several parts of the 
  Union and I think those of the Columbia equally as delicious. this duck is 
  never found above tide water; we did not meat with them untill after we 
  reached the marshey Islands; and I believe that they have already left 
  this neighbourhood; but whether they are gorn Northerly or Southerly, I am 
  unable to deturmine; nor do I know in what part of the Country they rais 
  their young 
  = 
  The red headed fishing duck is common to every part of the river and are 
  found as well in the Rocky Mountains as elsewhere; in short this was the 
  only duck we Saw within the Mountain on the Columbian waters. they feed 
  principally on Crawfish; and are the Same in every respects as those on 
  the Ohio and rivers in the mountains of the atlantic Ocian. 
  = 
  The black and white Duck are Small about the Size of the blue~winged teal, 
  or reather larger. the mail is butifully varigated with black and white. 
  the white occupies the Side of the head, breast and back. black the tail, 
  large feathers of the wing, two tufts of feathers which cover the upper 
  part of the wings when folded, the neck and head. the female is darker or 
  has much less white about her. I take this to be the Same Species of duck 
  common to the ohio, as also the atlantic Coast, and Sometimes called the 
  butter box. the back is wide and Short, and as well as the legs of a dark 
  Colour. the flesh of this duck is verry well flavored I think Superior to 
  the Duckinmallard. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1253-1806-03-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday March 10th 1806. About 1 P#M# it became fair and we sent out two 
  parties of hunters on this side of the Netul the one below and the other 
  above. we also directed a party to set out early in the morning and pass 
  the bay and hunt beyond the Kilhowanackkle. from the last we have 
  considerable hope as we have as yet hunted but little in that quarter. it 
  blew hard all day. in the evening the Indians departed. The hunters who 
  were over the Netull the other day informed us that they measured a pine 
  tree, (or fir No 1) which at the hight of a man's breast was 42 feet in 
  the girth about three feet higher, or as high as a tall man could reach, 
  it was 40 feet in the girth which was about the circumpherence for at 
  least 200 feet without a limb, and that it was very lofty above the 
  commencement of the limbs. from the appearance of other trees of this 
  speceis of fir and their account of this tree, I think it may be safely 
  estimated at 300 feet. it had every appearance of being perfectly sound. 
  The black and white duck are small abut the size of the blue~winged teal, 
  or reather larger. the male is beautifully variagated with black and 
  white. the white occupys the sides of the head, breast and back, black, 
  the tail feathers of the wings two tufts of feathers which cover the upper 
  part of the wings when foalded, the neck and head. the female is darker or 
  has much less white about her. I take this to be the same speceis of duck 
  common to the Atlantic coast, and frequently called the butterbox. the 
  beak is wide and short, and as well as the legs, of a dark colour. the 
  flesh of this duck is very well flavored. the brown duck is much in form 
  like the duckinmallard, tho not much more than half it's size. the colour 
  is an uniform mixture of yellowish and dark brown. there is nothing 
  remarkable in the appearance of this duck it generally resorts the same 
  kind of grassey marshes with the duckinmallard and feeds in a similar 
  manner, on grass seed, and roots. both these ducks are common to the river 
  for some distance above tide water as well as below. The black duck is 
  about the size of the bluewinged teal. their colour is a duskey black the 
  breast and belley somewhat lighter than the other parts, or a dark brown. 
  the legs stand longitudinally with the body, and the bird when on shore 
  stands of cours very erect. the legs and feet are of a dark brown, the 
  toes are four on each foot, a short one at the heel and three long toes in 
  front, which are unconnected with a web. the webs are attatched to each 
  sides of the several joints of the toe, and divided by deep sinuses at 
  each joint. the web assuming in the intermediate part an eliptical figure. 
  the beak is about two inches long, streight, flated on the sides, and 
  tapering to a sharp point. the upper chap somewhat longest, and bears on 
  it's base at the joining of the head, a little conic protuberance of a 
  cartelagenous substace, being redish brown at the point. the beak is of an 
  ivory white colour. the eye dark. these ducks usually associate in large 
  flocks, and are very noisey; their note being a sharp shrill whistle. they 
  are usually fat and agreeably flavored; and feed principally on moss, and 
  other vegitable productions of the water. we did not meet with them untill 
  we reached tide~water, but I beleive them not exclusively confined to that 
  district at all seasons, as I have noticed the same duck on many parts of 
  the Rivers Ohio and Mississippi. the gizzard and liver are also remarkably 
  large in this fowl. the divers are the same with those of the Atlantic 
  States. the smaller species has some white feathers about the rump with no 
  perceptable tail and is very active and cluck in it's motion; the body is 
  of a redish brown. the beak sharp and somewhat curved like that of the 
  pheasant. the toes are not connected but webed like those discribed of the 
  black duck. the larger speceis are about the size of the teal and can flye 
  a short distance which the small one scarcely ever attapts. they have a 
  short tail. their colour is also an uniform brickredish brown, the beak is 
  streight and pointed. the feet are of the same form of the other speceis 
  and the legs are remarkably thin and flat one edge being in front. the 
  food of both speceis is fish, and the flesh unfit for uce. the bluewinged 
  teal are a very excellent duck, and are the same with those of the 
  Atlantic coast. There are some other speceis of ducks which shall be 
  hereafter discribed as I may hereafter have an opportunity to examine 
  them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1254-1806-03-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday March 10th 1806 about 1 P#M# it became fair and we Sent out two 
  parties of hunters on this Side of the Netul, one above and the other 
  below, we also derected a party to Set out early in the morning and pass 
  Meriwethers Bay and hunt beyond the Kilhow anak kle. from the last we have 
  considerable hope, as we have as yet hunted but little in that quarter. it 
  blew hard all day, in the evening the Indians departed. The Hunters, S# R# 
  F. & F. who were over the netul the other day informed us that they 
  measured a 2d tree of the fir Speces (No# i) as high as a man Could reach, 
  was 39 feet in the girth; it tapered but very little for about 200 feet 
  without any Considerable limbs, and that it was a very lofty above the 
  Commmencement of the limbs. from the appearance of other Species of fir, 
  and their account of this tree, I think it might safely estimated at 300 
  feet. it had every appearance of being perfectly Sound in every part 
  = 
  The brown Duck is much in form like the Duckinmallard, tho not much more 
  than half it's Size. the colour is one uniform mixture of yellowish and 
  dark brown. there is nothing remarkable in the colour of this duck; it 
  resorts the Same kind of grassy marshes with the Duckinmallard, and feeds 
  in a Similar manner, on grass, Seeds & roots. both these ducks are 
  common to the river for Some distance above tide water as well as below. 
  The black Duck is about the Size of the bluewinged teel. their colour is a 
  duskey black the breast and belly Somewhat lighter than the other parts, 
  or a dark brown. the legs Stand longitudianally with the body, and the 
  Bird when on Shore Stands very erect. the legs and feet are of a dark 
  brown, the toes are four on each foot, a short one on the heel and three 
  long toes in front which are unconnected with a web. the web is atached to 
  each Side of the Several joints of the toes, and devided by deep Sinuses 
  at each joint. the web assumeing in the intermediate part an elipticle 
  figure. the beak is about two inches long, Streight, flated on the Sides, 
  and tapering to a Sharp point. the upper chap Somewhat longest and bears 
  on its base at the joining of the head, a little conic protuberance of a 
  cartelagenous Substance, being redish brown. the beak is of a ivery white 
  colour. the eye dark. these ducks usially associate in large flocks, and 
  are very noisey; their note being a Sharp shrill whistle. they are usially 
  fat and tolerably flavoured; and feed on moss and other vegitable 
  productions of the water. we did not meet with them untill we reached tide 
  water, I have noticed the Same duck on maney parts of the ohio an 
  Mississippi. the Gizzard and liver are also remarkably large in this 
  fowl. The Divers are the Same with those of the atlantic States. the 
  Smaller Species has some white feathers about the rump and no perceptable 
  tail and is very active and quick in its motion; the body is of a redish 
  brown. the beak sharp and Somewhat curved like that of the Pheasant the 
  toes are not connected but webd. like those discribed of the black duck. 
  The large Species are about the Size of the teal &c# the food of both 
  those Species is fish. and their flesh is unfit for use. 
  = 
  The bluewinged teal are a very excellent duck, and are the Same with those 
  of the atlantic coast. There are some other Species of ducks which 
  Shall be hereafter discribd. as I may hereafter have an oppertunity of 
  exameneing them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1255-1806-03-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday March 11th 1806. Early this morning Sergt# Pryor arrived with a 
  small canoe loaded with fish which he had obtained from the Cathlahmah's 
  for a very small part of the articles he had taken with him. the wind had 
  prevented his going to the fisery on the opposite side of the river above 
  the Wackiacums, and also as we had suspected, prevented his return as 
  early as he would otherwise have been back. The dogs at the 
  Cathlahmahs had bitten the trong assunder which confined his canoe and she 
  had gone a drift. he borrowed a canoe from the Indians in which he has 
  returned. he found his canoe on the way and secured her, untill we return 
  the Indians their canoe, when she can be brought back. Sent Sergt# Gass 
  and a party in surch of a canoe which was reported to have been sunk in a 
  small creek on the opposite side of the Netul a few miles below us, where 
  she had been left by Shields R# Fields and Frazier when they were lately 
  sent out to hunt over the Netul. They returned and reported that they 
  could not find the canoe she had broken the cord by which she was 
  attatched, and had been carried off by the tide. Drewyer Joseph Fields and 
  Frazier set out by light this morning to pass the bay in order to hunt as 
  they had been directed the last evening. we once more live in clover; 
  Anchovies fresh Sturgeon and Wappetoe. the latter Sergt# Pryor had also 
  procured and brought with him. The reptiles of this country are the 
  rattlesnake garter snake and the common brown Lizzard. The season was so 
  far advanced when we arrived on this side of the rocky mountains that but 
  few rattlesnakes were seen I did not remark one particularly myself, nor 
  do I know whether they are of either of the four speceis found in the 
  different parts of the United states, or of that species before mentioned 
  peculiar to the upper parts of the Missouri and it's branches. The garter 
  snake so called in the United States is very common in this country; they 
  are found in great numbers on the open and sometimes marshey grounds in 
  this neighbourhood. they differ not at all from those of the U States. the 
  black or dark brown lizzard we saw at the rock fort Camp at the 
  commencement of the woody country below the great narrows and falls of the 
  Columbia; they are also the same with those of the United States. The 
  snail is numerous in the woody country on this coast; they are in shape 
  like those of the United States, but are at least five times their bulk. 
  There is a speceis of water lizzard of which I saw one only just above the 
  grand rapids of the Columbia. it is about 9 inches long the body is 
  reather flat and about the size of a mans finger covered with a soft skin 
  of a dark brown colour with an uneven surface covered with little pimples 
  the neck and head are short, the latter terminating in an accute angular 
  point and flat. the fore feet each four toes, the hinder ones five 
  unconnected with a web and destitute of tallons. it's tail was reather 
  longer than the body and in form like that of the Musk~rat, first rising 
  in an arch higher than the back and decending lower than the body at the 
  extremity, and flated perpendicularly. the belley and under part of the 
  neck and head were of a brick red every other part of the colour of the 
  upper part of the body a dark brown. the mouth was smooth, without teeth. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1256-1806-03-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday March 11th 1806 Early this morning Sergt# Pryor arrived with a 
  Small Canoe loaded with fish which he had obtained from the Cath~lah~mah's 
  for a very Small part of the articles he had taken with him. the wind had 
  prevented his going to the fishery on the opposit Side of the river above 
  the Waukiecum's, and also as we had suspected, prevented his return as 
  early as he otherwise would have been back. The dogs of the Cathlahmah's 
  had bitten the throng assunder which confined his canoe and she had gorn 
  adrift. he borrowed a Canoe from the Indians in which he has returned. he 
  found his canoe on the way and Secured her, untill we return the Indians 
  their Canoe ¬ Sent Sergt# Gass and a party in Serch of one of our 
  Canoes which was reported to have been lost from a hunting party of 
  Shields R# Field & Frazier when they were last out on the opposit Side 
  of the Netul. they returned and reported that they Could not find the 
  Canoe which had broken the Cord with which it was attached, and was caried 
  off by the tide. Drewyer Jo# Field & Frazier Set out by light this 
  morning to pass the bay in order to hunt as they had been directed last 
  evening. we once more live in Clover; Anchovies fresh Sturgeon and 
  Wappatoe. the latter Sergt# Pryor had also procured a fiew and brought 
  with him. The Deer of this Coust differ from the Common Deer, fallow Deer 
  or Mule Deer as has beformentiond. 
  = 
  The Mule Deer we have never found except in rough Country; they prefer the 
  Open Grounds and are Seldom found in the wood lands near the river; when 
  they are met with in the wood lands or river bottoms and pursued, they 
  imediately run to the hills or open country as the Elk do, the Contrary 
  happens with the common Deer. there are Several differences between the 
  mule and common deer as well as in form as in habits. they are fully a 
  third larger in general, and the male is particularly large; think there 
  is Somewhat greater disparity of Size between the Male and the female of 
  this Species than there is between the male and female fallow Deer; I am 
  Convinced I have Seen a Buck of this Species twice the volume a Buck of 
  the Common Deer. the Ears are peculiarly large, I measured those of a 
  large Buck which I found to be eleven inches long and 31/2 in width at the 
  widest part; they are not so delicately formed, their hair in winter is 
  thicker longer and of a much darker grey, in Summer the hair is Still 
  coarser longer and of a paler red, more like that of the Elk; in winter 
  they also have a Considerable quantity of very fine wool intermixed with 
  the hair and lying next to the Skin as the Antelope has. the long hair 
  which grows on the outer Side of the first joint of the hind legs, and 
  which in the Common Deer do not usially occupy more than 2 inches in them 
  occupy from 6 to 8; their horns also differ, those in the Common deer 
  consist of two main beams gradually deminishing as the points proceed from 
  it, with the mule deer the horns consist of two beams which at the 
  distance of 4 or 6 inches from the head divide themselves into two equal 
  branches which again either divide into two other equal branches or 
  terminate in a Smaller, and two equal ones; haveing either 2, 4 or 6 
  points on a beam; the horn is not so rough about the base as the common 
  deer, and are invariably of a much darker Colour. the most Strikeing 
  difference of all, is the white rump and tail. from the root of the tail 
  as a center there is a circular Spot perfectly white of about 31/2 inches 
  radius, which occupy a part of the rump and the extremities of buttocks 
  and joins the white of the belley underneath; the tail which is usially 
  from 8 to 9 inches long for the first 4 or 5 inches from its upper 
  extremity is covered with Short white hairs, much Shorter indeed than 
  those hairs of the body; from hence for about one inch further, the hair 
  is Still white but gradually becoms longer; the tail then termonates in a 
  tissue of Black hair of about 3 inches long. from this black hair of the 
  tail they have obtained among the French engages the appelation of the 
  black tailed Deer, but this I conceive by no means Characteristic of the 
  Animal as much the larger portion of the tail is white. the Ears and the 
  tail of this Animale when Compared with those of the Common Deer, So well 
  Comported with those of the Mule when compared with the Horse, that we 
  have by way of distinction adapted the appellation of the mule Deer which 
  I think much more appropriate. on the inner corner of each eye there is a 
  drane (like the Elk) or large recepticle which Seams to Answer as a drane 
  to the eye which givs it the appearance of weeping, this in the Common 
  Deer of the Atlantic States is scercely proceptable but becoms more 
  Conspicious in the fallow Deer, and Still more So in the Elk; this 
  recepticle in the Elk is larger than any of the Pecora order with which I 
  am acquainted. 
  = 
  I have Some reasons to believe that the Calumet Eagle is Sometimes found 
  on this Side of the Rocky mountains from the information of the Indians in 
  whose possession I have Seen their plumage. those are the Same with those 
  of the Missouri, and are the most butifull of all the family of the Eagle 
  of America it's colours are black and white with which it is butifully 
  varigated. the feathers of the tail which is so highly prized by the 
  Indians is composed of twelve broad feathers of equal length those are 
  white except about two inches at the extremity which is of a jut black. 
  their wings have each a large circular white Spot in the middle when 
  extended. the body is variously marked with white and black. the form is 
  much that of the Common bald Eagle, but they are reather Smaller and much 
  more fleet. this Eagle is feared by all carnivarous birds, and on his 
  approach all leave the carcase instantly on which they were feeding. it 
  breads in the inaccessable parts of the Mountains where it Spends the 
  Summer, and decends to the plains and low country in the fall and winter 
  when it is usially Sought and taken by the nativs. two tails of this bird 
  is esteemed by Mandans, Minnetares, Ricaras, &c# as the full value of 
  a good horse, or Gun and accoutrements. with the Osage & Kanzas and 
  those nations enhabiting Countrys where this bird is more rare, the price 
  is even double of that mentioned. with these feathers the nativs deckerate 
  the Stems of their Sacred pipes or Calumets; whence the name of Calumet 
  Eagle, which has Generally obtained among the Engages. The Ricaras have 
  domesticated this bird in many instances for the purpose of obtaining its 
  plumage. the nativs in every part of the Continent who can precure those 
  feathers attach them to their own hair and the mains and tail of their 
  favorite horses by way of orniment. they also deckerate their own caps or 
  bonnets with those feathers. The Leather winged bat is found &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1257-1806-03-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday March 12th 1806 We sent a party again in surch of the perogue 
  but they returned unsuccessful) as yesterday. Sent one hunter out on this 
  side of the Netul, he did not return this evening. I beleive the Callamet 
  Eagle is sometimes found on this side of the rocky mountains from the 
  information of the Indians in whose possession I have seen their plumage. 
  these are the same with those of the Missouri, and are the most beautiful) 
  of all the family of the Eagles of America. it's colours are black and 
  white with which it is beautifully variagated. the feathers of the tail 
  which are so highly prized by the Indians is composed of twelve broad 
  feathers of equal length. these are white except about 2 inches at the 
  extremity which is of a jut black. there wings have each a large circular 
  white spot in the middle when extended. the body is variously marked with 
  white and black. the form is much that of the common bald Eagle, but they 
  are reather smaller and much more fleet. this eagle is feared by all 
  carnivorous birds, and on his approach all leave the carcase instantly on 
  which they were feeding. it breads in the inaccessable parts of the 
  mountains where it spends the summer, and decends to the plains and low 
  country in the fall and winter when it is usually sought and taken by the 
  natives. two tails of this bird is esteemed by the Mandans Minetares 
  Ricares, &c as the full value of a good horse, or gun and 
  accoutrements. with the Great and little Osages and those nations 
  inhabiting countries where this bird is more rare the price is even double 
  of that mentioned. with these feathers the natives decorate the stems of 
  their sacred pipes or callamets; whence the name, of Callamet Eagle, which 
  has generally obtained among the Engages. the Ricares have domesticated 
  this bird in many instancies for the purpose of obtaining it's plumage. 
  the natives in every part of the con tinent who can procure these feathers 
  attatch them to their own hair and the mains and tails of their favorite 
  horses by way of ornament. they also decorate their war caps or bonnets 
  with those feathers. The leather winged batt common to the United 
  States is also found on this side of the Rocky mountains. Beside the 
  fish of this coast and river already mentioned we have met with the 
  following speceis viz# the Whale, Porpus, Skaite, flounder, Salmon, red 
  charr, two speceis of Salmon trout, mountain or speckled trout, and a 
  speceis similar to one of those noticed on the Missouri within the 
  mountains, called in the Eastern states, bottle~nose. I have no doubt but 
  there are many other speceis of fish, which also exist in this quarter at 
  different seasons of the year, which we have not had an oportunity of 
  seeing. the shell fish are the Clam, perrewinkle, common mussle, cockle, 
  and a speceis with a circular flat shell. The Whale is sometimes pursued 
  harpooned and taken by the Indians of this coast; tho I beleive it is much 
  more frequently killed by runing fowl on the rocks of the coast in violent 
  storms and thrown on shore by the wind and tide. in either case the 
  Indians preseve and eat the blubber and oil as has been before mentioned. 
  the whalebone they also carefully preserve for sale. Our party are 
  now furnished with 358 pair of Mockersons exclusive of a good portion of 
  dressed leather. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1258-1806-03-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday March 12th 1806 We Sent a party again in Serch of the Canoe but 
  they returned unsucksessfull as yesterday Sent one hunter out on this Side 
  of the Netul he did not return this evening. Our party are now furnished 
  with 358 par of Mockersons exclusive of a good portion of Dressed leather, 
  they are also previded with Shirts Overalls Capoes of dressed Elk Skins 
  for the homeward journey. 
  = 
  Besides the fish of this Coast and river already mentioned we have met 
  with the following Species. viz# the Whale, Porpus, Skaite, flounder, 
  Salmon, red~carr, two Specis of Salmon trout, mountain or Speckled trout, 
  and a Speceis Similar to one of those noticed on the Missouri within the 
  mountains, called in the Eastern States, bottle nose. I have no doubt but 
  there are many other Species of fish which also exist in this quarter at 
  different Seasons of the year, which we have not had an oppertunity of 
  seeing. the Shell fish are the Clam, perriwinkle, common Muscle, cockle, 
  and a Species with a circular flat Shell. 
  = 
  The Whale is Sometimes pursued harpooned and taken by the Indians of this 
  Coast; tho I believe it is much more frequently killed by running on the 
  rocks of the Coast to S# S# W# in violent Storms, and thrown on different 
  parts of the Coast by the winds and tide. in either case the Indians 
  preserve and eat the blubber and Oil as has been before mentioned. the 
  whale bone they also carefully preserve for Sale. 
  = 
  The Reptiles of this Country are the rattle snake, garter Snake a common 
  brown Lizzard. The Season was so far advanced on this side of the Rocky 
  Mountains that but fiew rattle Snakes were Seen, I did not remark one 
  particularly my Self, nor do I know if they are of either of the four 
  Species found in different parts of the United States, or of that Species 
  before observed only on the upper parts of the Missouri & its 
  branches. 
  = 
  The Garter Snake So Called in the U States is very common in this country, 
  they are found in great numbers on the open and Sometimes marshy grounds 
  in this neighbourhood. they differ not at all from those of the United 
  States. the Black or Dark brown Lizzard we Saw at the long narrows or 
  Commencement of the woody country on the Columbia; they are also the Same 
  with those of the U, States. The Snail is noumerous in the woodey Country 
  on this Coast, they are in Shape like those of the U, States, but are at 
  least five times their bulk. there is a Specis of water Lizzard of which I 
  only Saw one just above the grand rapid of the Columbia. it is about 9 
  inches long the body is reather flat and about the Size of a mans finger, 
  covered with a Soft Skin of dark brown Colour with an uneaven sufice 
  covered with little pimples, the neck and head are Short, the latter 
  termonateing in an accute angular point and flat. the fore feet each have 
  four toes, the hinder ones five unconnected with a web and destitute of 
  tallons. it's tail was reather longer than the body, and in form like that 
  of the muskrat, first riseing in an arch higher than the back, and 
  decending lower than the body at the extremety, and flated 
  perpindicularly. the belly and under part of the neck and head were of a 
  Brick red every other part of the colour of the upper part of the body are 
  dark brown. the mouth was Smooth without teeth. 
  = 
  The horns of Some of the Elk have not yet fallen off and those of others 
  have Grown to the length of Six inches. the latter are in the best order, 
  from which it would Seem that the pore Elk retain their horns longer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1259-1806-03-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday March 13th 1806. This morning Drewyer Jos Feilds and Frazier 
  returned; they had killed two Elk and two deer. visited by two Cathlahmahs 
  who left us in the evening. we sent Drewyer down to the Clatsop village to 
  purchase a couple of their canoes if possible. Sergt# Pryor and a party 
  made another surch for the lost peroge but was unsuccessfull; while 
  engaged in surching for the perogue Collins one of his party killed two 
  Elk near the Netul below us. we sent Sergt# Ordway and a party for the 
  flesh of one of the Elk beyond the bay with which they returned in the 
  evening. the other Elk and two deer were at some distance. R# Fields and 
  Thompson who set out yesterday morning on a hunting excurtion towards 
  point Adams have not yet returned. The horns of some of the Elk have not 
  yet fallen off, and those of others have shotten out to the length of six 
  inches. the latter are in the best order, from which it would seem that 
  the poor Elk retain their horns longest. 
  = 
  The Porpus is common on this coast and as far up the river as the water is 
  brackish. the Indians sometimes gig them and always eat the flesh of this 
  fish when they can procure it; to me the flavor is disagreeable. the 
  Skaite is also common to the salt water, we have seen several of them that 
  had perished and were thrown out on the beach by the tide. The flounder is 
  also an inhabitant of the salt water, we have seen them also on the beach 
  where they had been left by the tide. the Indians eat the latter and 
  esteem it very fine. these several speceis are the same with those of the 
  Atlantic coast. the common Salmon and red Charr are the inhabitants of 
  both the sea and rivers. the former is usually largest and weighs from 5 
  to 15 lbs# it is this speceis that extends itself into all the rivers and 
  little creeks on this side of the Continent, and to which the natives are 
  so much indebted for their subsistence. the body of this fish is from 21/2 
  to 3 feet long and proportionably broad. it is covered with imbricated 
  scales of a moderate size and is variegated with irregular black spots on 
  it's sides and gills. the eye is large and the iris of a silvery colour 
  the pupil black. the rostrum or nose extends beyond the under jaw, and 
  both the upper and lower jaws are armed with a single series of long teeth 
  which are subulate and infleted near the extremities of the jaws where 
  they are also more closely arranged. they have some sharp teeth of smaller 
  size and same shape placed on the tongue which is thick and fleshey. the 
  fins of the back are two; the first is plaised nearer the head than the 
  ventral fins and has  ¿¿  rays, the second is placed far back near the 
  tail is small and has no rays. the flesh of this fish is when in order of 
  a deep flesh coloured red and every shade from that to an orrange yellow, 
  and when very meager almost white. the roes of this fish are much esteemed 
  by the natives who dry them in the sun and preserve them for a great 
  length of time. they are about the size of a small pea nearly transparent 
  and of a redish yellow colour. they resemble very much at a little 
  distance the common currants of our gardens but are more yellow. this fish 
  is sometimes red along the sides and belley near the gills particularly 
  the male. The red Charr are reather broader in proportion to their length 
  than the common salmon, the skales are also imbricated but reather large. 
  the nostrum exceeds the lower jaw more and the teeth are neither as large 
  nor so numerous as those of the salmon. some of them are almost entirely 
  red on the belley and sides; others are much more white than the salmon 
  and none of them are variagated with the dark spots which make the body of 
  the other. their flesh roes and every other particular with rispect to 
  their form is that of the Salmon. this fish we did not see untill we 
  decended below the grat falls of the Columbia; but whether they are 
  exclusively confined to this portion of the river or not at all seasons, I 
  am unable to determine. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1260-1806-03-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday March 13th 1806. This morning Drewyer Jos. Fields and Frazer 
  returned; they had killed two Elk and two deer. Visited by two 
  Cath~lah~mars who left us in the evening. we Sent Drewyer down to the 
  Clatsop Village to purchase a couple of their canoes if possible. Sergt# 
  Pryor and a party made another Serch for the lost Canoe but was 
  unsucksessfull; while engaged in Serching for the Canoe, Collins one of 
  his party killed two Elk near the Netul below us. we Sent Sergt# Ordway 
  and a party for the flesh of one of the Elk beyond the Bay with which they 
  returned in the evening; the other Elk and 2 Deer were at Some distance ¬ R# 
  Field and Thompson who Set out on a hunting excursion yesterday morning 
  towards point Adams have not yet returned. took equal altitudes to day 
  this being the only fair day for Sometime past. 
  = 
  The Porpus is common on this coast and as far up the river as the water is 
  brackish. the Indians Sometimes gig them and always eat the flesh of this 
  fish when they Can precure it; to me the flavour is disagreeable. the 
  Skaite is also common to the Salt water, I have Seen Several of them that 
  had perished and were thrown out on the beach by the tide. The flounder is 
  also an enhabitent of the Salt water. we have Seen them also on the beach 
  where they had been left by the tide. the nativs eate the latter and 
  esteem it very fine. these Several Species are the Same of those of the 
  atlantic Coasts. The Common Salmon and red charr are the inhabitents of 
  both the Sea and river. the former is usially largest and weighs from 5 to 
  15 lbs# it is this Species that extends itself into all the rivers and 
  little creek on this Side of the Continent, and to which the nativs are So 
  much indebted for their Subsistence. the body of this fish is from 21/2 to 
  3 feet long and perpotionably broad. it is covered with imbricated scales 
  of a moderate Size and is varigated with errigular black Spots on its Side 
  and gills. the eye is large and the iris of a Silvery colour the pupil 
  black. the rostrum or nose extend beyond the under jaws, and both the 
  upper and the lower jaw are armed with a Single Series of long teeth which 
  are Subulate and infleted near the extremities of the jaws where they are 
  more closely arranged. they have Some Sharp teeth of Smaller Size and Same 
  Shape on the tongue which is thick and fleshey. the fins of the back are 
  two; the first is placed nearer the head than the Venteral fins and has 
   ¿¿  rays, the Second is placed far back near the tail is small and has no 
  rays. The flesh of this fish when in order of a deep flesh coloured red 
  and every Shade from that to an orrange yellow, and when very meager 
  almost white. the Roe of this fish are much esteemed by the nativs, who 
  dry them in the Sun and preserve them for a great length of time. they are 
  about the Size of a Small pea nearly transparrent and of a redish yellow 
  colour. they resemble very much at a little distance the Common Current of 
  our gardens but are more yellow. this fish is Sometimes red along the 
  Sides and belly near the gills; particularly the male of this Species. 
  = 
  The Red Charr are reather broader in proportion to their length than the 
  Common Salmon, the Skales are also embricated but reather large. the 
  nostrum exceeds the lower jaw more and the teeth are neither So noumerous 
  or large as those of the Salmon. Some of them are almost entirely red on 
  the belly and Sides; others are much more white than the Salmon, and none 
  of them are varigated with the dark Spots which mark the body of the 
  other. their flesh roe and every other particular with respect to their is 
  that of the Salmon. this fish we did not See untill we had decended below 
  the Great falls of the Columbia; but whether they are exclusively confined 
  to this portion of the river or not at all Seasons, I am unable to 
  determine. 
  = 
  The Salmon Trout are Seldom more than two feet in length, they are narrow 
  in purportion to their length, at least much more So than the Salmon & 
  red charr. their jaws are nearly of the Same length, and are furnished 
  with a Single Series of Subulate Streight teeth, not so long or so large 
  as those of the Salmon, the mouth is wide, and the tongue is also 
  furnished with Some teeth. the fins are placed much like those of the 
  Salmon. at the Great Falls are met with this fish of a Silvery white 
  colour on the belly and Sides, and a blueish light brown on the back and 
  head. in this neighbourhood we have met with another Species which does 
  not differ from the other in any particular except in point of Colour. 
  this last is of a dark colour on the back, and its Sides and belley are 
  yellow with transverse Stripes of dark brown. Sometimes a little red is 
  intermixed with these Colours on the belly and Sides towards the head. the 
  flesh & roe is like those described of the Salmon. the white Species 
  which we found below the falls were in excellent order when the Salmon 
  were entirely out of Season and not fit for use. The Species which we 
  found here early in november on our arival in this quarter had declined 
  considerably, reather more so than the Red charr with which we found them 
  asociated in the little riverlets and creeks. I think it may be Safely 
  asserted that the Red Charr and both Species of the Salmon trout remain in 
  Season longer in the fall of the year than the common Salmon; but I have 
  my doubt whether of the Species of the Salmon trout ever pass the Great 
  falls of the Columbia. The Indians tell us that the Salmon begin to run 
  early in the next month; it will be unfortunate for us if they do not, for 
  they must form our principal dependance for food in assending the Columbia 
  above the Falls and it's S# E# branch Lewis's river to the Mountains. 
  = 
  The Speckled or Mountain Trout are found in the waters of the Columbia 
  within the Rocky mountains. they are the Same of those found in the upper 
  part of the Missouri, but are not So abundent in the Columbian Waters as 
  in that river. The bottle nose is also found on the waters of the Columbia 
  within the mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1261-1806-03-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday March 14th 1806. This morning we sent a party after the two Elk 
  which Collins killed last evening, they returned with them about noon. 
  Collins, Jos. Fends and Shannon went in quest of the flock of Elk of which 
  Collins had killed those two. this evening we heared upwards of twenty 
  shot, and expect that they have fallen in with and killed a number of 
  them. Reubin Fields and Thompson returned this evening unsuccessfull 
  having killed one brant only. late in the evening Drewyer arrived with a 
  party of the Clatsops who brought an indifferent canoe some hats and roots 
  for sale. the hats and roots we purchased, but could not obtain the canoe 
  without giving more than our stock of merchandize would lisence us. I 
  offered him my laced uniform coat but he would not exchange. The Salmon 
  Trout are seldom more than two feet in length they are narrow in 
  proportion to their length, at least much more so than the Salmon or red 
  charr. the jaws are nearly of the same length, and are furnished with a 
  single series of small subulate streight teeth, not so long or as large as 
  those of the Salmon. the mouth is wide, and the tongue is also furnished 
  with some teeth. the fins are placed much like those of the salmon. at the 
  great falls we met with this fish of a silvery white colour on the belley 
  and sides, and a bluish light brown on the back and head. in this 
  neighbourhood we have met with another speceis which dose not differ from 
  the other in any particular except in point of colour. this last is of a 
  dark colour on the back, and it's sides and belley are yellow with 
  transverse stripes of dark brown. sometimes a little red is intermixed 
  with these colours on the belley and sides towards the head. the eye, 
  flesh, and roes are like those discribed of the Salmon. the white speceis 
  which we found below the falls was in excellent order when the salmon were 
  entirely out of season and not fit for uce. the speceis which we found 
  here on our arrival early in November had declined considerably, reather 
  more so inded than the red Charr with which we found them ascociated in 
  the little rivulets and creeks. I think it may be safely asserted that the 
  red Charr and both speceis of the salmon trout remain in season longer in 
  the fall of the year than the common Salmon; but I have my doubts whether 
  either of them ever pass the great falls of the Columbia. The Indians tell 
  us that the Salmon begin to run early in the next month; it will be 
  unfortunate for us if they do not, for they must form our principal 
  dependence for food in ascending the Columbia, above the falls and it's S# 
  E# branch to the mountains. The mountain or speckled trout are found in 
  the waters of the Columbia within the mountains. they are the same of 
  those found in the upper part of the Missouri, but are not so abundant in 
  the Columbia as on that river. we never saw this fish below the mountains 
  but from the transparency and coldness of the Kooskooske I should not 
  doubt it's existing in that stream as low as it's junction with the S E# 
  branch of the Columbia. The bottle nose is the same with that before 
  mentioned on the Missouri and is found exclusively within the mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1262-1806-03-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday March 14th 1806 This morning we dispatched a party after two Elk 
  which Collins killed last evening, they returned with them about noon. 
  Jos. Field, Collins, Go. Shannon & Labiesh went in quest of the Gang 
  of Elk out of which Collins had killed the 2 yesterday. this evening we 
  herd upwards of twenty Shot and expect they have fallen in with and killed 
  Several of them. Reuben Field and Thompson returned this evening 
  unsuksessfull haveing killed only one Brant. late in the evening Geo. 
  Drewyer arrived with a party of the Clatsops who brought an indifferent 
  Canoe, three hats and Some roots for Sale we could not purchase the Canoe 
  without giveing more than our Stock of merchandize would lisence us. Capt 
  Lewis offered his laced uniform Coat for a verry indiferent Canoe, 
  agreeable to their usial way of tradeing his price was double. we are 
  informed by the Clatsops that they have latterly Seen an Indian from the 
  Quin~na~chart Nation who reside Six days march to the N# W and that four 
  vessles were there and the owners Mr# Haley, Moore, Callamon & 
  Swipeton were tradeing with that noumerous nation, whale bone Oile and 
  Skins of various discription. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1263-1806-03-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday March 15th 1806. This morning at 11 OCk# the hunters arrived, 
  having killed four Elk only. Labuish it seems was the only hunter who fell 
  in with the Elk and having by some accedent lost the fore sight of his gun 
  shot a great number of times but killed only the number mentioned. as the 
  elk were scattered we sent two parties for them, they returned in the 
  evening with four skins and the flesh of three Elk, that of one of them 
  having become putrid from the liver and pluck having been carelessly left 
  in the animal all night. we were visited this afternoon by Delashshelwilt 
  a Chinnook Chief his wife and six women of his nation which the old baud 
  his wife had brought for market. this was the same party that had 
  communicated the venerial to so many of our party in November last, and of 
  which they have finally recovered. I therefore gave the men a particular 
  charge with rispect to them which they promised me to observe. late this 
  evening we were also visited by Catel a Clatsop man and his family. he 
  brought a canoe and a Sea Otter Skin for sale neither of which we 
  purchased this evening. The Clatsops who had brought a canoe for sale last 
  evening left us early this morning. Bratton still sick. 
  = 
  There is a third speceis of brant in the neighbourhood of this place which 
  is about the size and much the form of the pided brant. they weigh about 
  81/2 lbs# the wings are not as long nor so pointed as those of the common 
  pided brant. the following is a likeness of it's head and beak. a little 
  distance around the base of the beak is white and is suddonly succeeded by 
  a narrow line of dark brown. the ballance of the neck, head, back, wings, 
  and tail all except the tips of the feathers are of the bluish brown of 
  the common wild goose. the breast and belly are white with an irregular 
  mixture of black feathers which give that part a pided appearance. from 
  the legs back underneath the tail, and arond the junction of the same with 
  the body above, the feathers are white. the tail is composed of 18 
  feathers; the longest of which are in the center and measure 6 Inches with 
  the barrel of the quill; those sides of the tail are something shorter and 
  bend with their extremeties inwards towards the center of the tail. the 
  extremities of these feathers are white. the beak is of a light flesh 
  colour. the legs and feet which do not differ in structure from those of 
  the goose or brant of the other speceis, are of an orrange yellow colour. 
  the eye is small; the iris is a dark yellowish brown, and pupil black. the 
  note of this brant is much that of the common pided brant from which in 
  fact they are not to be distinguished at a distance, but they certainly 
  are a distinct speis of brant. the flesh of this fowl is as good as that 
  of the common pided brant. they not remain here during the winter in such 
  numbers as the white brant do, tho they have now returned in considerable 
  quantities. first saw them below tide~water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1264-1806-03-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday March 15th 1806 This morning at 11 oClock the hunters arived, 
  haveing Killed four Elk only. Labiesh it Seams was the only Hunter who 
  fell in with the Elk and haveing by some accident lost the foresight of 
  his gun Shot a great number of times and only killed four. as the Elk were 
  scattered we Sent two parties for them, they return in the evening with 
  four Skins, and the flesh of three Elk, that of one of them haveing become 
  putred from the liver and pluck haveing been carelessly left in the Animal 
  all night. We were visited this Afternoon in a Canoe 4 feet 2 I# wide by 
  De~lash~hel~wilt a Chinnook Chief his wife and Six women of his Nation, 
  which the Old Boud his wife had brought for Market. this was the Same 
  party which had communicated the venereal to Several of our party in 
  November last, and of which.they have finally recovered. I therefore gave 
  the men a particular Charge with respect to them which they promised me to 
  observe. late this evening we were also visited by Ca~tel a Clatsop man 
  and his family. he brought a Canoe and a Sea Otter Skin for Sale neither 
  of which we could purchase of him. the Clatsops which had brought a Canoe 
  for Sale last evening left us this morning. Bratten is still very weak and 
  unwell. 
  = 
  There is a third Species of Brant in the neighbourhood of this place which 
  is about the Size and much the form of the bided brant. they weigh about 
  81/2 lbs# the wings are not as long nor So pointed as the Common pided 
  brant. the following is a likeness of its head and beak. a little distance 
  arround the base of the beak is white and is Suddenly Succeeded by a 
  narrow line of dark brown. the ballance of the neck, head, back, wings and 
  tail all except the tips of the feathers are of the blueish brown of the 
  Common wild goose, the breast and belly are white with an irregular 
  mixture of black feathers which give that part a pided appearance. from 
  the legs back underneath the tail, and around the junction of the Same 
  with the body above, the feathers are white. the tail is composed of 18 
  feathers; the longest of which are in the center and measure 6 inches with 
  the barrel of the quill; those on the Side of the tail are Something 
  Shorter and bend with their extremities inwards towards the center of the 
  tail. the extremities of these feathers are white. the beak is of a light 
  flesh colour. the legs and feet which do not differ in Structure from 
  those of the Goose or brant of the other Species, are of an orrange yellow 
  Colour. the eye is Small; the iris is of a dark yellowish brown, and puple 
  black. the note of this brant is much that of the common pided brant from 
  which in fact they are not to be distinguished at a distance, but they 
  Certainly are a distinct Species of brant. the flesh of this fowl is as 
  good as that of the Common pided brant. they do not remain here dureing 
  the winter in Such numbers as the white brant do, tho they have now 
  returned in Considerable quantities. we first met with this brant on tide 
  water. 
  = 
  The Clams of this coast are very Small. the Shells consist of two valves 
  which open with a hinge, the Shell is Smooth thin and of an oval form or 
  like that of the Common Muscle and of a Skye blue colour; it is of every 
  Size under a Inch & 3/4 in length, and hangs in clusters to the moss 
  of the rocks, the nativs Sometimes eate them. The Periwinkle both of 
  the river and Ocian are Similar to those found in the Same Situation on 
  the Atlantic. there is also an Animal which inhabits a Shell 
  perfectly circular about 3 inches in diameetor, thin and entire on the 
  marjin, convex and Smooth on the upper Side, plain on the under part and 
  covered with a number of minute Capillary fibers by means of which it 
  attaches itself to the Sides of the rocks. the Shell is thin and Consists 
  of one valve. a Small circular opperture is formed in the Center of the 
  under Shell the Animal is Soft and boneless &c#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1265-1806-03-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday March 16th 1806. Not any occurrence worthy of relation took place 
  today. Drewyer and party did not return from the Cathlahmahs this evening 
  as we expected. we suppose he was detained by the hard winds of today. the 
  Indians remained with us all day, but would not dispose of their canoes at 
  a price which it was in our power to give consistently with the state of 
  our Stock of Merchandize. two handkercheifs would now contain all the 
  small articles of merchandize which we possess; the ballance of the stock 
  consists of 6 blue robes one scarlet do. one uniform artillerist's coat 
  and hat, five robes made of our large flag, and a few old cloaths trimed 
  with ribbon. on this stock we have wholy to depend for the purchase of 
  horses and such portion of our subsistence from the Indians as it will be 
  in our powers to obtain. a scant dependence indeed, for a tour of the 
  distance of that before us. the Clam of this coast are very small. the 
  shell consists of two valves which open with a hinge. the shell is smooth 
  thin of an oval form or like that of the common mussle, and sky blue 
  colour. it is about 11/2 inches in length, and hangs in clusters to the 
  moss of the rocks. the natives sometimes eat them. the perewinkle both of 
  the river and Ocean are similar to those found in the same situations on 
  the Atlantic coast. the common mussle of the river are also the same with 
  those in the rivers of the atlantic coast. the cockle is small and also 
  much the same of the Atlantic. there is also an animal which inhabits a 
  shell perfectly circular about 3 Inches in diameter, thin and entire on 
  the margin, convex and smooth on the upper side, plain on the under part 
  and covered with a number minute capillary fibers by means of which it 
  attatches itself to the sides of the rocks. the shell is thin and consists 
  of one valve. a small circular apperture is formed in the center of the 
  under shell. the animal is soft & boneless. 
  = 
  The white Salmon Trout which we had previously seen only at the great 
  falls of the Columbia has now made it's appearance in the creeks near this 
  place. one of them was brought us today by an Indian who had just taken it 
  with his gig. this is a likness of it; it was 2 feet 8 Inches long, and 
  weighed 10 lbs# the eye is moderately large, the puple black and iris of a 
  silvery white with a small addmixture of yellow, and is a little terbid 
  near it's border with a yellowish brown. the position of the fins may be 
  seen from the drawing, they are small in proportion to the fish. the fins 
  are boney but not pointed except the tail and back fins which are a little 
  so, the prime back fin and ventral ones, contain each ten rays; those of 
  the gills thirteen, that of the tail twelve, and the small fin placed near 
  the tail above has no bony rays, but is a tough flexable substance covered 
  with smooth skin. it is thicker in proportion to it's width than the 
  salmon. the tongu is thick and firm beset on each border with small 
  subulate teeth in a single series. the teeth of the mouth are as before 
  discribed. neither this fish nor the salmon are caught with the hook, nor 
  do I know on what they feed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1266-1806-03-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday March 16th 1806 Not any occurrence worthy of relation took place 
  today. Drewyer and party did not return from the Cath lah mah's this 
  evening as we expected. we Suppose he was detained by the hard winds 
  today. the Indians remain with us all day, but would not dispose of their 
  Canoe at a price which it was in our power to give consistently with the 
  State of our Stock of Merchandize. One handkerchief would contain all the 
  Small articles of merchandize which we possess, the ballance of the Stock 
  Consists of 6 Small blue robes or Blankets one of Scarlet. one uniform 
  Artillerist's Coat and hat, 5 robes made of our larg flag, and a fiew our 
  old Clothes trimed with ribon. on this Stock we have wholy to depend for 
  the purchase of horses and Such portion of our Subsistence from the 
  Indians as it will be in our power to obtain. a scant dependence indeed 
  for the tour of the distance of that before us. 
  = 
  The pellucid jelly like Substance, called the Sea nettle I found in great 
  abundance along the Strand where it has been thrown up by the waves and 
  tide, and adheres to the Sand. 
  = 
  There are two Species of the Fuci, or (Seawead) Seawreck which we also 
  found thrown up by the waves. the 1st Specie at one extremity consists of 
  a large sesicle or hollow vessale which would contain from one to 2 
  gallons, of a conic form, the base of which forms the extreem End and is 
  convex and Globelar bearing on its center Some Short broad and irregular 
  fibers. the Substance is about the consistancy of the rind of a citron 
  Mellon and 3/4 of an inch thick, yellow celindrick, and regularly tapering 
  the tube extends to 20 or 30 feet and is then termonated with a number of 
  branches which are flat 1/2 inch in width, rough particularly on the 
  edges, where they are furnished with a number of little oval vesicles or 
  bags of the Size of a Pigions egg. this plant Seams to be calculated to 
  float at each extremity, while the little end of the tube from whence the 
  branches proceed, lies deepest in the water. 
  = 
  The white Salmon Trout which we had previously seen only at the Great 
  Falls of the Columbia, or a little below the Great Falls, has now made its 
  appearance in the creeks near this place. one of them was brought us to 
  day by an indian who had just taken it with his gig. This is a likeness of 
  it; it was 2 feet 8 inches long, and weighed ten pounds. the eye is 
  moderately large, the puple black with a Small admixture of yellow and the 
  iris of a Silvery white with a Small admixture of yellow and a little 
  tirbed near its border with a yellowish brown. the position of the fins 
  may be seen from the drawing, they are small in perpotion to the fish. the 
  fins are honey but not pointed except the tail and back fins which are a 
  little So, the prime back fin and venteral ones, contain each ten rays; 
  those of the gills twelve, and the Small Finn placed near the tail above 
  has no long rays, but is a tough flexable Substance covered with Smooth 
  Skin. it is thicker in perpotion to it's width than the Salmons. the 
  tongue is thick and firm beset on each border with small subulate teeth in 
  a Single Series. the Teeth of the mouth are as before discribed. neither 
  this fish nor the Salmon are cought with the hook, nor do I know on what 
  they feed. now begin to run &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1267-1806-03-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday March 17th 1806. Catel and his family left us this morning. Old 
  Delashelwilt and his women still remain they have formed a camp near the 
  fort and seem to be determined to lay close sege to us but I beleive 
  notwithstanding every effort of their wining graces, the men have 
  preserved their constancy to the vow of celibacy which they made on this 
  occasion to Capt C# and myself. we have had our perogues prepared for our 
  departer, and shal set out as soon as the weather will permit. the weather 
  is so precarious that we fear by waiting untill the first of April that we 
  might be detained several days longer before we could get from this to the 
  Cathlahmahs as it must be calm or we cannot accomplish that part of our 
  rout. Drewyer returned late this evening from the Cathlahmahs with our 
  canoe which Sergt# Pryor had left some days since, and also a canoe which 
  he had purchased from those people. for this canoe he gave my uniform 
  laced coat and nearly half a carrot of tobacco. it seems that nothing 
  excep this coat would induce them to dispose of a canoe which in their 
  mode of traffic is an article of the greatest value except a wife, with 
  whom it is equal, and is generally given in exchange to the father for his 
  daughter. I think the U States are indebted to me another Uniform coat, 
  for that of which I have disposed on this occasion was but little woarn. we 
  yet want another canoe, and as the Clatsops will not sell us one at a 
  price which we can afford to give we will take one from them in lue of the 
  six Elk which they stole from us in the winter. 
  = 
  The pellucid jellylike substance, called the sea~nettle is found in great 
  abundance along the strad where it has been thrown up by the waves and 
  tide. 
  = 
  There are two speceis of the Fuci or seawreckwhich we also find thrown up 
  by the waves. the 1st speceis at one extremity consists of a large vesicle 
  or hollow vessell which would contain from one to two gallons, of a conic 
  form, the base of which forms the extreem end and is convex and globelar 
  bearing on it's center some short broad and irregular fibers. the 
  substance is about the consistence of the rind of a citron mellon and 3/4 
  of an inch thick. the rihind is smooth. from the small extremity of the 
  cone a long, hollow, celindrick, and regularly tapering tube extends to 20 
  or thirty feet and is then terminated with a number of branches which are 
  flat 1/2 an inch in width rough particular on the edges where they are 
  furnished with a number of little ovate vesicles or bags of the size of a 
  pigeon's egg. this plant seems to be calculated to float at each extremity 
  while the little end of the tube from whence the branches proceed, lies 
  deepest in the water. 
  = 
  The other speceis I have never seen but Capt# Clark who saw it on the 
  coast towards the Killamucks informed me that it resembled a large 
  pumpkin, it is solid and it's specific gravity reather greater than the 
  water, tho it is sometimes thrown out by the waves. it is of a yellowis 
  brown colour. the rhind smooth and consistence harder than that of a 
  pumpkin tho easily cut with a knife. there are some dark brown fibers 
  reather harder than any other part which pass longitudinally through the 
  pulp or fleshey substance wich forms the interior of this marine 
  production.The following is a list of the names of the commanders of 
  vessels who visit the entrance of the Columbia river in the spring and 
  autumn fror the purpose of trading with the natives or hunting Elk. these 
  names are spelt as the Indians pronounce them. 
  = 
  Mr# Haley, their favorite trader visits them in a vessel with three masts, 
  and continues some time 
  = 
  Youens, visits in a 3 masted vessel ¬  Trader Tallamon do. 3 do. no trader 
  Callallamet do. 3 do. Trader. has a wooden leg. Swipton do. 3 do. Trader. 
  Moore do. 4 do. do. Mackey do. 3 do. do. Washington do. 3 do. do. Mesship 
  do. 3 do. do. Davidson do. 2 
  = 
  no trader hunts Elk Jackson do. 3 masted vessel Trader Bolch do. 3 do. do. 
  Skelley do. 3 do. do. tho he has been gone some years. he has one eye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1268-1806-03-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday March 17th 1806 Catel and his family left us this morning. Old 
  Delashelwill and his women still remain, they have formed a Camp near the 
  fort and Seam determined to lay Close Sege to us, but I believe 
  notwithstanding every effort of their wining graces, the men have 
  preserved their constancy to the vow of celibacy which they made on this 
  Occasion to Capt L# and my self. we have had our Canoes prepared for our 
  departure, and Shall Set out as Soon as the weather will permit. the 
  weather is So precarious that we fear by waiting untill the first of April 
  that we might be detained Several days longer before we could get from 
  this to the Cath~lah~mahs, as it must be Calm or we cannot accomplish that 
  part of the rout in our Canoes. Drewyer returned late this evening from 
  the Cath~lah~mahs with our Indian Canoe which Sergt# Pryor had left Some 
  days since, and also a Canoe, which he had purchased from those people. 
  for this canoe he gave Captn# Lewis's uniform laced coat and nearly half a 
  Carrot of tobacco. it Seams that nothing except this Coat would induce 
  them to dispose of a Canoe which in their mode of traffic is an article of 
  the greatest value except a wife, with whome it is nearly equal, and is 
  generally given in exchange to the father for his Daughter. I think that 
  the United States are injustice indebted to Captn Lewis another uniform 
  Coat for that of which he has disposed of on this ocasion, it was but 
  little worn. 
  = 
  We yet want another Canoe as the Clatsops will not Sell us one, a 
  proposition has been made by one of our interpt and Several of the party 
  to take one in lieu of 6 Elk which they Stole from us this winter &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1269-1806-03-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday March 18th 1806. Drewyer was taken last night with a violent pain 
  in his side. Capt# Clark blead him. several of the men are complaining of 
  being unwell. it is truly unfortunate that they should be sick at the 
  moment of our departure. we directed Sergt# Pryor to prepare the two 
  Canoes which Drewyer brought last evening for his mess. they wanted some 
  knees to strengthen them and several cracks corked and payed. he completed 
  them except the latter operation which the frequent showers in the course 
  of the day prevented as the canoes could not be made sufficiently dry even 
  with the assistance of fire. Comowooll and two Cathlahmahs visited us 
  today; we suffered them to remain all night. this morning we gave 
  Delashelwilt a certificate of his good deportment &c# and also a list 
  of our names, after which we dispatched him to his village with his female 
  band. These lists of our names we have given to several of the natives and 
  also paisted up a copy in our room. the object of these lists we stated in 
  the preamble of the same as follows (viz) "The object of this list is, 
  that through the medium of some civilized person who may see the same, it 
  may be made known to the informed world, that the party consisting of the 
  persons whose names are hereunto annexed, and who were sent out by the 
  government of the U States in May 1804 to explore the interior of the 
  Continent of North America, did penetrate the same by way of the Missouri 
  and Columbia Rivers, to the discharge of the latter into the Pacific 
  Ocean, where they arrived on the 14th November 1805, and from whence they 
  departed the  ¿¿  day of March 1806 on their return to the United States 
  by the same rout they had come out." ¬ on the back of some of these 
  lists we added a sketch of the connection of the upper branches of the 
  Missouri with those of the Columbia, particularly of it's main S# E# 
  branch, on which we also delienated the track we had come and that we 
  meant to pursue on our return where the same happened to vary. There 
  seemed so many chances against our government ever obtaining a regular 
  report, though the medium of the savages and the traders of this coast 
  that we declined making any. our party are also too small to think of 
  leaving any of them to return to the U States by sea, particularly as we 
  shall be necessarily divided into three or four parties on our return in 
  order to accomplish the objects we have in view; and at any rate we shall 
  reach the United States in all human probability much earlier than a man 
  could who must in the event of his being left here depend for his passage 
  to the United States on the traders of the coast who may not return 
  immediately to the U States or if they should, might probably spend the 
  next summer in trading with the natives before they would set out on their 
  return. this evening Drewyer went inquest of his traps, and took an Otter. 
  Joseph Fields killed an Elk. The Indians repeated to us the names of 
  eighteen distinct tribes residing on the S# E# coast who spoke the 
  Killamucks language, and beyound those six others who spoke a different 
  language which they did not comprehend. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1270-1806-03-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday March 17th 1806 Drewyer was taken last night with a violent pain 
  in his Side. I bled him. Several of the men are complaining of being 
  unwell. it is truly unfortunate that they Should be Sick at the moment of 
  our departure. Derected Sergt# Pryor to prepare the two Indian Canoes 
  which we had purchased for his mess. they wanted Some knees to Strengthen 
  them, and Several cracks corked and payed. he compleated them except 
  paying. the frequent Showers of rain prevented the Canoes drying 
  Sufficient to pay them even with the assistance of fire. 
  = 
  Commorwool and two Cathlahmahs visited us to day; we Suffered them to 
  remain all night. this morning we gave Delashelwilt a certificate of his 
  good deportment &c# and also a list of our names, after which we 
  dispatched him to his village with his female band. Those list's of our 
  Names we have given to Several of the nativs, and also pasted up a Copy in 
  our room. the Object of these lists we Stated in the preamble of the Same 
  as follows Viz: "The Object of this list is, that through the medium of 
  Some civilized person who may See the Same, it may be made known to the 
  informed world, that the party consisting of the persons whoes names are 
  hereunto annexed, and who were Sent out by the Government of the United 
  States in May 1804, to explore the interior of the Continent of North 
  America, did penetrate the Same by way of the Missouri and Columbia 
  rivers, to the discharge of the latter into the Pacific Ocian, where they 
  arrived on the 14th of November 1805, and from whence they departed the 
   ¿¿  day of March 1806 on their return to the United States by the Same 
  rout they had come out." 
  = 
  On the back of lists we added a Sketch of the continent of the upper 
  branches of the Missouri with those of the Columbia, particularly of its 
  upper N# E# branch or Lewis's River, on which we also delienated the track 
  we had Came and that we ment to pursue on our return, when the Same 
  happened to vary. There Seemes So many chances against our governments 
  ever obtaining a regular report, through the medium of the Savages, and 
  the traders of this Coast that we decline makeing any. Our party are too 
  small to think of leaveing any of them to return to the Unt. States by 
  Sea, particularly as we Shall be necessarily devided into two or three 
  parties on our return in order to accomplish the Object we have in View; 
  and at any rate we Shall reach the U, States in all humain probabillity 
  much earlier than a man Could who must in the event of his being left here 
  depend for his passage to the U, State on the traders of the Coast, who 
  may not return imediately to the U, States. or if they should, might 
  probably Spend the next Summer in tradeing with the nativs before they 
  would Set out on their return. This evening Drewyer went in quest of his 
  traps, and took an otter. Joseph Field killd and Elk. The Indians 
  repeated to us Eighteen distinct Nations resideing on the S S# E Coast who 
  Speak the Kil a mox language or understand it. and beyend those Six other 
  Nations which Speak a different language which they did not comprehend. 
  = 
  The 2d Species of Seawreck which I saw on the coast to the S# S# E# near 
  the Kil a mox nation. it resembles a large pumpkin, it is Solid and it's 
  Specific Gravity reather greater than the water, tho it is Sometimes 
  thrown out by the waves. it is of a pale yellowish brown colour. the rhind 
  Smooth and consistency harder than that of the pumpkin, tho easily cut 
  with a knife. there are Some fibers of a lighter colour and much harder 
  than any other part which pass Longitudinally through the pulp or fleshey 
  Substance which forms the interior of this marine production ¬ 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1271-1806-03-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday March 19th 1806. It continued to rain and hail today in such 
  manner that nothing further could be done to the canoes. a pratry were 
  sent out early after the Elk which was killed yesterday with which they 
  returned in the course of a few hours. we gave Comowooll alias Connia, a 
  cirtificate of his good conduct and the friendly intercourse which he has 
  maintained with us during our residence at this place; we also gave him a 
  list of our names. do not. The Killamucks, Clatsops, Chinnooks, Cathlahmahs 
  and Wac~ki~a~cums resemble each other as well in their persons and dress 
  as in their habits and manners. their complexion is not remarkable, 
  being the usual copper brown of most of the tribes of North America. they 
  are low in statue reather diminutive, and illy shapen; possessing thick 
  broad flat feet, thick ankles, crooked legs wide mouths thick lips, nose 
  moderately large, fleshey, wide at the extremity with large nostrils, 
  black eyes and black coarse hair. their eyes are sometimes of a dark 
  yellowish brown the puple black. I have observed some high acqualine noses 
  among them but they are extreemty rare. the nose is generally low between 
  the eyes. the most remarkable trait in their physiognomy is the 
  peculiar flatness and width of forehead which they artificially obtain by 
  compressing the head between two boards while in a state of infancy and 
  from which it never afterwards perfectly recovers. this is a custom among 
  all the nations we have met with West of the Rocky mountains. I have 
  observed the heads of many infants, after this singular bandage had been 
  dismissed, or about the age of 10 or eleven months, that were not more 
  than two inches thick about the upper edge of the forehead and reather 
  thiner still higher. from the top of the head to the extremity of the nose 
  is one streight line. this is done in order to give a greater width to the 
  forehead, which they much admire. this process seems to be continued 
  longer with their female than their mail children, and neither appear to 
  suffer any pain from the operation. it is from this peculiar form of the 
  head that the nations East of the Rocky mountains, call all the nations on 
  this side, except the Aliahtans or snake Indians, by the generic name of 
  Flat heads. I think myself that the prevalence of this custom is a strong 
  proof that those nations having originally proceeded from the same stock. 
  The nations of this neighbourhood or those recapitulated above, wear their 
  hair loosly flowing on the back and sholders; both men and women divide it 
  on the center of the crown in front and throw it back behind the ear on 
  each side. they are fond of combs and use them when they can obtain them; 
  and even without the aid of the comb keep their hair in better order than 
  many nations who are in other rispects much more civilized than 
  themselves. the large or apparently swolen legs particularly 
  observable in the women are obtained in a great measure by tying a cord 
  tight around the ankle. their method of squating or resting themselves on 
  their hams which they seem from habit to prefer to siting, no doubt 
  contributes much to this deformity of the legs by preventing free 
  circulation of the blood. the dress of the man consists of a smal robe, 
  which reaches about as low as the middle of the thye and is attatched with 
  a string across the breast and is at pleasure turned from side to side as 
  they may have occasion to disencumber the right or left arm from the robe 
  entirely, or when they have occasion for both hands, the fixture of the 
  robe is in front with it's corners loosly hanging over their arms. they 
  sometimes wear a hat which has already been discribed. this robe is made 
  most commonly of the skins of a small animal which I have supposed was the 
  brown mungo, tho they have also a number, of the skins of the tiger cat, 
  some of those of the Elk which are used principally on their war 
  excursions, others of the skins of the deer panther and bear and a blanket 
  wove with the fingers of the wool of the native sheep. a mat is sometimes 
  temperarily thrown over the sholders to protect them from rain. they have 
  no other article of cloathing whatever neither winter nor summer. and 
  every part except the sholders and back is exposed to view. they are very 
  fond of the dress of the whites, which they wear in a similar manner when 
  they can obtain them, except the shoe which I have never seen woarn by any 
  of them. they call us pah~shish'e~ooks, or cloth men. The dress of the 
  women consists of a robe, tissue, and sometimes when the weather is 
  uncommonly cold, a vest. their robe is much smaller than that of the men, 
  never reaching lower than the waist nor extending in front sufficiently 
  far to cover the body. it is like that of the men confined across the 
  breast with a string and hangs loosly over the sholders and back. the most 
  esteemed and valuable of these robes are made of strips of the skins of 
  the Sea Otter net together with the bark of the white cedar or silk~grass. 
  these strips are first twisted and laid parallel with each other a little 
  distance assunder, and then net or wove together in such manner that the 
  fur appears equally on both sides, and unites between the strands. it make 
  a warm and soft covering. other robes are formed in a similar manner of 
  the skin of the Rockoon, beaver &c# at other times the skin is dressed 
  in the hair and woarn without any further preperation. in this way one 
  beaver skin, or two of those of the Roccoon or tiger catt forms the 
  pattern of the robe. the vest is always formed in the manner first 
  discribed of their robes and covers the body from the armpits to the 
  waist, and is confined behind, and destitute of straps over the sholder to 
  keep it up. when this vest is woarn the breast of the woman is concealed, 
  but without it which is almost always the case, they are exposed, and from 
  the habit of remaining loose and unsuspended grow to great length 
  particularly in aged women in many of whom I have seen the hubby reach as 
  low as the waist# The garment which occupys the waist, and from thence as 
  low as nearly to the knee before and the ham, behind, cannot properly be 
  denominated a petticoat, in the common acceptation of that term; it is a 
  tissue of white cedar bark, bruised or broken into small shreds, which are 
  interwoven in the middle by means of several cords of the same materials, 
  which serve as well for a girdle as to hold in place the shreds of bark 
  which form the tissue, and which shreds confined in the middle hang with 
  their ends pendulous from the waist, the whole being of sufficient 
  thickness when the female stands erect to conceal those parts usually 
  covered from formiliar view, but when she stoops or places herself in many 
  other attitudes, this battery of Venus is not altogether impervious to the 
  inquisitive and penetrating eye of the amorite. This tissue is sometimes 
  formed of little twisted cords of the silk grass knoted at their ends and 
  interwoven as discribed of the bark. this kind is more esteemed and last 
  much longer than those of bark. they also form them of flags and rushes 
  which are woarn in a similar manner. the women as well as the men 
  sometimes cover themselves from the rain by a mat woarn over the sholders. 
  they also cover their heads from the rain sometimes with a common water 
  cup or basket made of the cedar bark and beargrass. these people seldom 
  mark their skins by puncturing and introducing a colouring matter. such of 
  them as do mark themselves in this manner prefer their legs and arms on 
  which they imprint parallel lines of dots either longitudinally or 
  circularly. the women more frequently than the men mark themselves in this 
  manner. 
  = 
  The favorite ornament of both sexes are the common coarse blue and white 
  beads which the men wear tightly wound arond their wrists and ankles many 
  times untill they obtain the width of three or more inches. they also wear 
  them in large rolls loosly arond the neck, or pendulous from the cartelage 
  of the nose or rims of the ears which are purforated for the purpose. the 
  women wear them in a similar manner except in the nose which they never 
  purforate. they are also fond of a species of wampum which is furnished 
  them by a trader whom they call Swipton. it seems to be the native form of 
  the shell without any preperation. this shell is of a conic form somewhat 
  curved, about the size of a raven's quill at the base, and tapering to a 
  point which is sufficiently large to permit to hollow through which a 
  small thred passes; it is from one to 11/2 Inches in length, white, 
  smooth, hard and thin. these are woarn in the same manner in which the 
  beads are; and furnish the men with their favorite ornament for the nose. 
  one of these shells is passed horizontally through the cartilage of the 
  nose and serves frequently as a kind of ring to prevent the string which 
  suspends other ornaments at the same part from chafing and freting the 
  flesh. the men sometimes wear collars of bears claws, and the women and 
  children the tusks of the Elk variously arranged on their necks arms &c# 
  both males and females wear braslets on their wrists of copper brass or 
  Iron in various forms. I think the most disgusting sight I have ever 
  beheld is these dirty naked wenches. The men of these nations partake of 
  much more of the domestic drudgery than I had at first supposed. they 
  collect and prepare all the fuel, make the fires, assist in cleansing and 
  preparing the fish, and always cook for the strangers who visit them. they 
  also build their houses, construct their canoes, and make all their wooden 
  utensils. the peculiar provence of the woman seems to be to collect roots 
  and manufacture various articles which are prepared of rushes, flags, 
  cedar bark, bear grass or waytape. the management of the canoe for various 
  purposes seems to be a duty common to both sexes, as also many other 
  occupations which with most Indian nations devolves exclusively on the 
  woman. their feasts which they are very fond are always prepared and 
  served by the men. 
  = 
  Comowool and the two Cathlahmahs left us this evening. it continued to 
  rain so constantly today that Sergt# Pryor could not pitch his canoes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1272-1806-03-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday March 19th 1806 Inds# Descd. It continued to rain and hail in 
  Such a manner that nothing Could be done to the Canoes. a party were Sent 
  out early after the Elk which was killed last evening, with which they 
  returned in the Course of a fiew hours, we gave Commorwool alias Cania, a 
  Certificate of his good conduct and the friendly intercourse which he has 
  maintained with us dureing our residence at this place; we also gave him a 
  list of our names &c# ¬ The Kilamox, Clatsops, Chinnooks, Cath lah 
  mahs Wau ki a cum and Chiltz~I resemble each other as well in their 
  persons and Dress as in their habits and manners. their complexion 
  is not remarkable, being the usial Copper brown of the tribes of North 
  America. they are low in Statue reather diminutive, and illy Shaped, 
  possessing thick broad flat feet, thick ankles, crooked legs, wide mouths, 
  thick lips, noses Stuk out and reather wide at the base, with black eyes 
  and black coarse hair. 
  = 
  I have observed Some high acqualine noses among them but they are 
  extreemly reare. the most remarkable trate in their physiognamy is the 
  peculiar flatness and width of the forehead which they Artificially obtain 
  by compressing the head between two boards while in a State of infancy, 
  and from which it never afterwards perfectly recovers. This is a custom 
  among all the nations, we have met with West of the Rocky Mountains. I 
  have observed the head of maney infants, after this Singular Bandage had 
  been dismissed, or about the age of 11 or 12 months, that were not more 
  than two inches thick about the upper part of the forehead and reather 
  thiner Still higher. from the top of the head to the extremity of the nose 
  is one Streight line. this is done in order to give a greater width to the 
  forehead, which they much admire. This process seams to be continued 
  longer with their female than their male children, and neither appears to 
  Suffer any pain from the opperation. it is from this peculiar form of the 
  head that the nations East of the Rocky Mountains, call all the nations on 
  this Side, except Aliahtans, So~so~ne, or Snake Indians by the General 
  name of Flat Heads. I think my Self that the provalence of this custom is 
  a Strong proof of those nations haveing originally proceeded from the Same 
  Stock. The nations of this neighbourhood or those recpitulated above, ware 
  their hair loosly flowing on their back and Sholders; both men and women 
  divide it on the Center of the Crown in front and throw it back behind the 
  ear on each Side. they are fond of Combs and use them when they Can obtain 
  them; and even without the aid of Combs keep their in better order, than 
  inaney nations who are in other respects much more Civilized than 
  themselves. 
  = 
  The large or apparently Sweled legs particularly observable in the women, 
  are obtained in a great measure by tying a cord tight around the leg above 
  the ancle bone. their method of Squating or resting themselves on their 
  hams which they Seam from habit to prefer to Setting, no doubt contributes 
  much to this deformity of the legs by preventing free circulation of the 
  blood. This is also the Custom of the nations above. 
  = 
  The dress of the men like those above on the Columbia river Consists of a 
  Small robe, which reaches about as low as the middle of the thye and is 
  attatched with a String across the breast and is at pleasure turned from 
  Side to Side as they may have an occasion to disincumber the right or left 
  arm from the robe entirely, or when they have occasion for both hands, the 
  fixture of the robe is in front with it's corner loosly hanging over their 
  Arms. they Sometimes wear a hat which have already been discribed (See 
  29th Jany.) Their Robes are made most commonly of the Skins of a Small 
  animal which I have Supposed was the brown mungo, tho they have also a 
  number of the Skins of the tiger Cat, Some of those of the Elk which are 
  used principally on their war excursions, others of the Skins of Deer, 
  panthor, Bear, and the Speckle Loon, and blankets wove with the fingers of 
  the wool of the native Sheep. and Some of those on the Sea Coast have 
  robes of Beaver and the Sea Otter. a mat is Sometimes temperaly thrown 
  over the Sholders to protect them from rain. they have no other article of 
  Cloathing whatever neither winter nor Summer, and every part except the 
  Sholders and back is exposed to view. they are very fond of the dress of 
  the whites, which they ware in a Similar manner when they Can obtain them, 
  except the Shoe or mockerson which I have never Seen worn by any of them. 
  They Call us pah~shish~e~ooks or Cloath men. The dress of the women 
  consists of a roab, tissue, and Sometimes when the weather is uncommonly 
  Cold, a vest. their robe is much Smaller than that of the men, never 
  reaching lower than the waist nor extending in front Sufficiently far to 
  cover the body. it is like that of the men confined across the breast with 
  a String and hangs loosely over the Sholders and back. the most esteemed 
  & valuable of those robes are made of Strips of the Skin of the Sea 
  Otter net together with the bark of the white Cedar or Silk grass. these 
  fish are first twisted and laid parallel with each other a little distance 
  asunder, and then net or wove together in Such a manner that the fur 
  appears equally on both Sides, and united between the Strands. it makes a 
  worm and Soft covering. other robes are formed in a Similar manner of the 
  Skins of the rackoon, beaver &c# at other times the Skins is dressed 
  in the hair and worn without any further preperation. in this way one 
  beaver Skin or two of the rackoon or one of the tiger Cat forms a vest and 
  Covers the body from the Armpits to the waist, and is confined behind, and 
  destitute of Straps over the Sholder to keep it up. when this vest is worn 
  the breast of the woman in consealed, but without it which is almost 
  always the case, they are exposed, and from the habit of remaining loose 
  and unsuspended grow to great length, particularly in aged women, on many 
  of whome I have Seen the bubby reach as low as the waist# The petticoat or 
  tissue which occupies the waiste has been already described (See 7th Novr. 
  1805) formd. of the Bark of white cedar, Silk grass, flags & rushes. 
  The women as well as the men Sometimes cover themselves from the rain by a 
  mat worn over the Sholders. They also Cover their heads from the rain 
  Sometimes with a common water cup or basket made of Cedar bark and bear 
  grass. 
  = 
  Those people Sometimes mark themselves by punctureing and introducing a 
  Colouring matter. Such of them as do mark themselves in this manner prefur 
  the legs and arms on which they imprint parallel lines of dots either 
  longitudinally or circularly. the woman more frequently than the men mark 
  themselves in this manner. The favorite orniments of both Sexes are the 
  Common coarse blue and white beads as before discribed of the Chinnooks. 
  Those beads the men wear tightly wound around their wrists and Ankles 
  maney times untill they obtain the width of three or four inches. they 
  also wear them in large rolls loosly around the neck, or pendulous from 
  the cartelage of the nose or rims of the ears which are purfarated in 
  different places round the extremities for the purpose. the woman wear 
  them in a Similar manner except in the nose which they never purfarate. 
  they are also fond of a Species of wompum, which is furnished by a trader 
  whome they call Swipton. it seams to be the nativ form of the Shell 
  without any preperation. this Shell is of a conic form Somewhat curved 
  about the Size of a ravens quill at the base, and tapering to a point 
  which is Sufficiently large to permit a hollow through which a Small 
  thread passes; it is from 1 to 11/2 inches in length, white, Smooth, hard 
  and thin these are worn in the Same manner in which the beeds are; and 
  furnish the men with their favorite orniment for the nose. one of these 
  Shells is passed horizontally through cartilage of the nose and Serves 
  frequently as a kind of ring which prevents the string which Suspends 
  other orniments at the Same part from Chafing and freting the flesh. The 
  men Sometimes wear Collars of Bears Claws, and the women and children the 
  tusks of the Elk variously arranged on their necks arms &c# both male 
  and female wear bracelets on their wrists of Copper, Brass or Iron in 
  various forms. The women Sometimes wash their faces & hands but 
  Seldom. I think the most disgusting Sight I have ever beheld is those 
  dirty naked wenches. 
  = 
  The men of those nations partake of much more of the domestic drudgery 
  than I had at first Supposed. they Collect and prepare all the fuel, make 
  the fires, cook for the Strangers who visit them, and assist in Cleaning 
  and prepareing the fish. they also build their houses, construct their 
  Canoes, and make all their wooden utensils. the peculiar province of the 
  woman Seams to be to collect roots and manufacture various articles which 
  are prepared of rushes, flags, Cedar bark, bear grass or way tape, also 
  dress and manufacture the Hats & robes for Common use. the management 
  of the Canoe for various purposes Seams to be a duty common to both Sexes, 
  as are many other occupations which with most Indian nations devolve 
  exclusively on the womin. their feasts of which they are very fond are 
  always prepared and Served by the men. . 
  = 
  it Continued to rain So constantly dureing the day that Sergt# Pryor Could 
  not Pay his Canoes. The Clatsop Chief Commowool and the two Cath~lah~mahs 
  left us this evening and returned to their village. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1273-1806-03-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday March 20th 1806. It continued to rain and blow so violently today 
  that nothing could be done towards forwarding our departure. we intended 
  to have Dispatched Drewyer and the two Fieldses to hunt near the bay on 
  this side of the Cathlahmahs untill we jounded them from hence, but the 
  rain rendered our departure so uncertain that we declined this measure for 
  the present. nothing remarkable happened during the day. we have yet 
  several days provision on hand, which we hope will be sufficient to 
  subsist us during the time we are compelled by the weather to remain at 
  this place. 
  = 
  Altho we have not fared sumptuously this winter and spring at Fort 
  Clatsop, we have lived quite as comfortably as we had any reason to expect 
  we should; and have accomplished every object which induced our remaining 
  at this place except that of meeting with the traders who visit the 
  entrance of this river. our salt will be very sufficient to last us to the 
  Missouri where we have a stock in store. it would have been very 
  fortunate for us had some of those traders arrived previous to our 
  departure from hence, as we should then have had it our power to obtain an 
  addition to our stock of merchandize which would have made our homeward 
  bound journey much more comfortable. many of our men are still complaining 
  of being unwell; Willard and Bratton remain weak, principally I beleive 
  for the want of proper food. I expect when we get under way we shall be 
  much more healthy. it has always had that effect on us heretofore. The 
  guns of Drewyer and Sergt# Pryor were both out of order. the first was 
  repared with a new lock, the old one having become unfit for uce; the 
  second had the cock screw broken which was replaced by a duplicate which 
  had been prepared for the lock at Harpers ferry where she was 
  manufactured. but for the precaution taken in bringing on those extra 
  locks, and parts of locks, in addition to the ingenuity of John Shields, 
  most of our guns would at this moment been untirely unfit for use; but 
  fortunately for us I have it in my power here to record that they are all 
  in good order. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1274-1806-03-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday March 20th 1806 It continued to rain and blow so violently to day 
  that nothing could be done towards fowarding our departure. we intended to 
  have dispatched Drewyer & the 2 Field'es to hunt above Point William 
  untill we joined them from hense but the rain renders our departure So 
  uncertain that we decline this measure for the present. nothing remarkable 
  happened dureing the day. we have yet Several days provisions on hand, 
  which we hope will be Sufficient to Serve us dureing the time we are 
  compell'd by the weather to remain at this place. . 
  = 
  Altho we have not fared Sumptuously this winter & Spring at Fort 
  Clatsop, we have lived quit as comfortably as we had any reason to expect 
  we Should; and have accomplished every object which induced our remaining 
  at this place except that of meeting with the traders who visit the 
  enterance of this river. our Salt will be very sufficient to last us to 
  the Missouri where we have a Stock in Store. it would have been very 
  fortunate for us had Some of those traders arrived previous to our 
  departure from hence; as we Should then have had it in our power to obtain 
  an addition to our Stock of merchandize, which would have made our 
  homeward bound journey much more comfortable. 
  = 
  Maney of our men are Still Complaining of being unwell; Bratten and 
  Willard remain weak principally I believe for the want of proper food. I 
  expect when we get under way that we Shall be much more healthy. it has 
  always had that effect on us heretofore. 
  = 
  The Guns of Sergt# Pryor & Drewyer were both out of order. the first 
  had a Cock screw broken which was replaced by a duplicate which had been 
  prepared for the Locks at Harpers Ferry; the Second repared with a new 
  Lock, the old one becoming unfit for use. but for the precaution taken in 
  bringing on those extra locks, and parts of locks, in addition to the 
  ingenuity of John Shields, most of our guns would at this moment been 
  entirely unfit for use; but fortunate for us I have it in my power here to 
  record that they are in good order, and Complete in every respect ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1275-1806-03-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday March 21st 1806. As we could not set out we thought it best to send 
  out some hunters and accordingly dispatched Sheilds and Collins on this 
  side the Netul for that purpose with orders to return in the evening or 
  sooner if they were successfull. The hunters returned late in the evening 
  unsuccessfull. we have not now more than one day's provision on hand. we 
  directed Drewyer and the Feildses to set out tomorrow morning early, and 
  indevour to provide us some provision on the bay beyond point William. we 
  were visited to day by some Clatsop indians who left us in the evening. 
  our sick men Willard and bratton do not seem to recover; the former was 
  taken with a violent pain in his leg and thye last night. Bratton is now 
  so much reduced that I am somewhat uneasy with rispect to his recovery; 
  the pain of which he complains most seems to be seated in the small of his 
  back and remains obstinate. I beleive that it is the rheumatism with which 
  they are both afflicted. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1276-1806-03-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday March 21st 1806 as we could not Set out we thought it best to Send 
  out Some hunters and accordingly dispatched Shields and Collins on this 
  Side of the Netul for that purpose with orders to return in the evening or 
  Sooner if they were Successfull. they returned late in the evening 
  unsuccessfull. we have not now more than two days provisions on hand. we 
  derected Drewyer and the two Fieldses to Set out tomorrow morning early, 
  and indevour to provide us Some provision on the Bay beyond point William. 
  we were visited to day by Some Clatsops who left us in the evening. our 
  sick men willard and Bratten do not Seem to recover; the former was taken 
  with a violent pain in his leg and thye last night. Bratten is now so much 
  reduced that I am Somewhat uneasy with respect to his recovery; the pain 
  of which he complains most Seems to be Settled in the Small of his back 
  and remains obstenate. I believe that it is the Rheumatism with which they 
  are both affected. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1277-1806-03-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday March 22cd 1806. Drewyer and the Feildses departed this morning 
  agreably to the order of the last evening. we sent out seven hunters this 
  morning in different directions on this side the Netul. about 10 A#M# we 
  were visited by 4 Clatsops and a killamucks; they brought some dried 
  Anchoveis and a dog for sale which we purchased. the air is perefectly 
  temperate, but it continues to rain in such a manner that there be is no 
  possibility of geting our canoes completed. at 12 OCk# we were 
  visited by Comowooll and 3 of the Clatsops. to this Cheif we left our 
  houses and funiture. he has been much more kind an hospitable to us than 
  any other indian in this neighbourhood. the Indians departed in the 
  evening. the hunters all returned except Colter, unsuccessfull. we 
  determined to set out tomorrow at all events, and to stop the canoes 
  temperarily with Mud and halt the first fair day and pay them. the leafing 
  of the hucklebury riminds us of spring. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1278-1806-03-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday March 22nd 1806 Drewyer and the two Fieldses departed this 
  morning agreably to the order of last evening. we Sent out Six hunters 
  this morning in different directions on both Sides of the Netul. about 10 
  A#M# we were visited by Que~ne~o alias Commorwool 8 Clatsops and a 
  Kil~a~mox; they brought Some dried Anchovies, a common Otter Skin and a 
  Dog for Sale all of which we purchased. the Dog we purchased for our Sick 
  men, the fish for to add to our Small Stock of provision's, and the Skin 
  to cover my papers. those Indians left us in the evening. the air is 
  perfectly temperate, but it continues to rain in Such a manner that there 
  is no possibillity of getting our canoes completed in order to Set out on 
  our homeward journey. The Clatsops inform us that Several of their nation 
  has the Sore throat, one of which has laterly died with this disorder. the 
  Hunters Sent out to day all returned except Colter unsessfull. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1279-1806-03-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday March 23rd 1806. Half after 9 A#M# Colter arrived, having killed 
  one Elk but so distant that we could not send for the meat and get arround 
  Point William today, we therefore prefered seting out and depending on 
  Drewyer and the hunters we have sent forward for meat. the wind is pretty 
  high but it seems to be the common opinion that we can pass point William. 
  we accordingly distributed the baggage and directed the canoes to be 
  launched and loaded for our departure. at 1 P#M# we bid a final 
  adieu to Fort Clatsop. we had not proceeded more than a mile before we met 
  Delashelwilt and a party of 20 Chinnooks men and women. this Cheif leaning 
  that we were in want of a canoe some days past, had brought us one for 
  sale, but being already supplyed we did not purchase it. I obtained one 
  Sea Otter skin from this party. at a 1/4 before three we had passed 
  Meriwethers bay and commenced coasting the difficult shore; at 1/2 after 
  five we doubled point William, and at 7 arrived in the mouth of a small 
  creek where we found our hunters. they had killed 2 Elk, at the distance 
  of a mile & 1/2. it was too late to send after it this evening. we 
  therefore encamped on the Stard side of the Creek. the wind was not very 
  hard. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1280-1806-03-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 23rd March 1806 This morning proved So raney and uncertain that we 
  were undeturmined for Some time whether we had best Set out & risque 
  the river which appeared to be riseing or not. Jo# Colter returned haveing 
  killed an Elk about 3 miles towards Point Adams. the rained Seased and it 
  became fair about Meridean, at which time we loaded our Canoes & at 1 
  P#M# left Fort Clatsop on our homeward bound journey. at this place we had 
  wintered and remained from the 7th of Decr# 1805 to this day and have 
  lived as well as we had any right to expect, and we can Say that we were 
  never one day without 3 meals of Some kind a day either pore Elk meat or 
  roots, not withstanding the repeeted fall of rain which has fallen almost 
  Constantly Since we passed the long narrows on the  ¿¿  of Novr. last 
  indeed we have had only  ¿¿  days fair weather since that time. Soon after 
  we had Set out from Fort Clatsop we were met by De lash el wilt & 8 
  men of the Chinnooks, and Delashelwilts wife the old bond and his Six 
  Girls, they had, a Canoe, a Sea otter Skin, Dried fish and hats for Sale, 
  we purchased a Sea otter Skin, and proceeded on, thro Meriwethers Bay, 
  there was a Stiff breese from the S# W# which raised Considerable Swells 
  around Meriwethers point which was as much as our Canoes Could ride. above 
  point William we came too at the Camp of Drewyer & the 2 Field's. they 
  had killed 2 Elk which was about 11/2 miles distant. here we Encampd. for 
  the night having made 16 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1281-1806-03-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday March 24th 1806. This morning we sent out a party of 15, at light, 
  for the meat, and concluded to take breakfast before we set out. they soon 
  returned. we breakfasted and set out at 1/2 after 9 A#M# Saw a white 
  woodpecker with a red head of the small kind common to the United States; 
  this bird has but lately returned. they do not remain during the winter. 
  the country thick and heavily timbered. we saw very few waterfowl today, 
  not a single swan, white brant nor a small goose is to be seen. a few 
  Cormorant, duckinmallard, butterbox, and common large geese were only to 
  be found the tide being out this morning we found some difficulty in 
  passing through the bay below the Cathlahmah village; this side of the 
  river is very shallow to the distance of 4 miles from the shore tho there 
  is a channel sufficient for canoes near S# side. at 1 P#M# we arrived at 
  the Cathlahmah village where we halted and purchased some wappetoe, a dog 
  for the sick, and a hat for one of the men. on one of the seal Islands 
  opposite to the village of these people thy have scaffolded their dead in 
  canoes elivating them above tidewater mark. these people are very fond of 
  sculpture in wood of which they exhibit a variety of specemines about 
  their houses. the broad peices supporting the center of the roof and those 
  through which the doors are cut, seem to be the peices on which they most 
  display their taist# I saw some of these which represented human figures 
  setting and supporting the burthen on their sholders. at half after 3 P#M# 
  we set out and continued our rout among the seal Islands; not paying much 
  attention we mistook our rout which an Indian perceiving pursued overtook 
  us and put us in the wright channel. this Cathlahmah claimed the small 
  canoe which we had taken from the Clatsops. however he consented very 
  willingly to take an Elk's skin for it which I directed should be given 
  him and he immediately returned. we continued our rout along the South 
  side of the river and encamped at an old village of 9 houses opposite to 
  the lower Wackkiacum village. the night was cold tho wood was abundant 
  after dark two Chinnook men came to us in a small canoe. they remained 
  with us all night. came 15 miles today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1282-1806-03-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 24th of March 1806 Sent out 15 men verry early this morning for the 
  flesh of the two Elk killed by Drewyer and Fields yesterday. they returned 
  at 8 oClock, after taking a Slight brackfast we Set out at half past 9 
  a.m. and proceeded to the Cath lah mah Village at 1 P#M# and remained 
  untill 1/2 after 3 p#m# at this village we purchased a fiew wappato and a 
  Dog for our Sick men Willard and Bratten who are yet in a weak State. at 
  this Village I saw two very large elegant Canoes inlaid with Shills, those 
  Shills I took to be teeth at first View, and the nativs informed Several 
  of the men that they the teeth of their enemies which they had killed in 
  War. in examineing of them Closely haveing taken out Several pices, we 
  found that were Sea Shells which yet contained a part of the iner  ¿¿ 
  they also deckerate their Smaller wooden vessles with those Shells which 
  have much the appearance of humane teeth, Capt Cook may have mistaken 
  those Shills verry well for humane teeth without a Close examination. The 
  Village of these people is the dirtiest and Stinkingest place I ever Saw 
  in any Shape whatever, and the inhabitants partake of the carrestick of 
  the Village. we proceeded on through Some difficult and narrow Channels 
  between the Seal Islands, and the South Side to an old village on the 
  South Side opposit to the lower War ki a com village, and Encamped. to 
  this old villg. a very considerable deposit of the dead at a Short 
  distance below, in the usial and Customary way of the nativs of this Coast 
  in Canoes raised from the ground as before described. Soon after we made 
  our Camp 2 Indians visited us from the opposit Side, one of them Spoke 
  Several words of English and repeeted the names of the traders, and maney 
  of the Salors. made 16 Miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1283-1806-03-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday March 25th 1806. The morning being disagreeably cold we remained 
  and took break~fast. at 7 A#M# we set out and continued our rout along the 
  South Coast of the river against the wind and a strong current, our 
  progress was of course but slow. at noon we halted and dined. here some 
  Clatsops came to us in a canoe loaded with dryed anchovies, which they 
  call Olthen, Wappetoe and Sturgeon. they informed us that they had been up 
  on a trading voyage to the Skillutes. I observe that the green bryer 
  which I have previously mentioned as being common on this river below tide 
  water retains it's leaves all winter. the red willow and seven bark 
  begin to put fourth their leaves. after dinner we passed the river 
  to a large Island 2 and continued our rout allong the side of the same 
  about a mile when we arrived at a Cathlahmah fishing cam of one lodge; 
  here we found 3 men 2 women and a couple of boys, who from appearances had 
  remained here some time for the purpose of taking sturgeon, which they do 
  by trolling. they had ten or douzen very fine sturgeon which had not been 
  long taken. we offered to purchase some of their fish but they asked us 
  such an extravegant price that we declined purchase. one of the men 
  purchased a sea Otterskin at this lodge, for which he gave a dressed 
  Elkskin and an handkercheif. near this lodge we met some Cathlahmahs who 
  had been up the river on a fishing excurtion. they had a good stock of 
  fish on board, but did not seem disposed to sell them. we remained at this 
  place about half an hour and then continued our rout up the Island to it's 
  head and passed to the south side. the wind in the evening was very hard. 
  it was with some difficulty that we could find a spot proper for an 
  encampment, the shore being a swamp for several miles back; at length late 
  in the evening opposite to the place we had encamped on the 6th of 
  November last; we found the entrance of a small creek which afforded us a 
  safe harbour from the wind and encamped. the ground was low and moist tho 
  we obtained a tolerable encampment. here we found another party of 
  Cathlahmahs about 10 in number who had established a temperary residence 
  for the purpose of fishing and taking seal. they had taken a fine parcel 
  of sturgeon and some seal. they gave us some of the fleese of the seal 
  which I found a great improvement to the poor Elk. here we found Drewyer 
  and the Feildses who had been seperated from us since morning; they had 
  passed on the North side of the large Island which was much nearer. the 
  bottom lands are covered with cottonwood, the growth with a broad leaf 
  which resembles ash except the leaf. the underbrush red willow, broad 
  leafed willow, sevenbark, goosburry, green bryer & the larged leafed 
  thorn; the latter is now in bloom; the natives inform us that it bears a 
  freut about an inch in diameter which is good to eat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1284-1806-03-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 25th of March 1806 Last night and this morning are cool wend hard 
  a head and tide going out, after an early brackfast we proceeded on about 
  4 miles and came too on the South Side to worm and dry our Selves a 
  little. Soon after we had landed two Indians Came from a War kia cum 
  village on the opposit Side with 2 dogs and a fiew Wappato to Sell neither 
  of which we bought. Som Clatsops passed down in a Canoe loaded with fish 
  and Wappato. as the wind was hard a head and tide against us we Concluded 
  to delay untill the return of the tide which we expected at 1 oClock, at 
  which hour we Set out met two Canoes of Clatsops loaded with dried 
  anchovies and Sturgion which they had taken and purchased above we crossed 
  over to an Island on which was a Cath lahmah fishing Camp of one Lodge; 
  here we found 3 man two woman and a couple of boys who must have for Some 
  time for the purpose of taking Sturgeon which they do by trolling. they 
  had 10 or 12 very fine Sturgeon which had not been long taken; we wished 
  to purchase some of their fish but they asked Such extravegent prices that 
  we declined purchaseing. one of our Party purchased a Sea otter Skin at 
  this Lodge for which he gave a dressed Elk Skin & a Handkerchief. we 
  remained at this place about half an hour and then Continued our rout. the 
  winds in the evening was verry hard, it was with Some dificuelty that we 
  Could find a Spot proper for an encampment, the Shore being a Swamp for 
  Several miles back; at length late in the evening opposit to the place we 
  had encamped on the 6th of Novr. last; we found the enterance of a Small 
  Creek which offered us a Safe harbour from the Winds and Encamped. the 
  Ground was low and moist tho we obtained a tolerable encampment. here we 
  found another party of Cathlahmahs about 10 in number, who had established 
  a temporary residence for the purpose of fishing and takeing Seal. they 
  had taken about 12 Sturgeon and Some Seal. they gave us Some of the flesh 
  of the Seal which I found a great improvement to the poor Elk. here we 
  found Drewyer and the 2 Fields who had been Seperated from us Since 
  Morning; they had passed on the North Side of the large Island which was 
  much nearest. the bottom lands are Covered with a Species of Arspine, the 
  Growth with a broad leaf which resembles ash except the leaf. the under 
  brush red willow, broad leafed Willow, Seven bark, Goose berry, Green 
  bryor, and the larged leaf thorn; the latter is Now in blume, the nativs 
  inform us that it bears a fruit about an Inch in diamieter which is good 
  to eate. the red willow and 7 bark begin to put foth their leaves. The 
  green bryor which I have before mentioned retains leaves all winter. made 
  15 Miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1285-1806-03-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday March 26th 1806. The wind blew so hard this morning that we 
  delayed untill 8 A#M# we gave a medal of small size to a man by the name 
  of Wal~lal'~le, a principal man among the Cathlahmahs, he appeared very 
  thankfull for the honour conferred on him and presented us a large 
  sturgeon. we continued our rout up the river to an old village on the 
  Stard# side where we halted for dinner. we met on the way the principal 
  Cheif of the Cathlahmahs, Sah~hah~woh~cap, who had been up the river on a 
  trading voyage. he gave us some Wappetoe and fish; we also purchased some 
  of the latter. soon after we halted for dinner the two Wackiacums who have 
  been pursuing us since yesterday morning with two dogs for sale, arrived. 
  they wish tobacco in exchange for their dogs which we are not disposed to 
  give as our stock is now reduced to a very few carrots. our men who have 
  been accustomed to the use of this article Tobaco and to whom we are now 
  obliged to deny the uce of this article appear to suffer much for the want 
  of it. they substitute the bark of the wild crab which they chew; it is 
  very bitter, and they assure me they find it a good substitute for 
  tobacco. the smokers substitute the inner bark of the red willow and the 
  sacacommis. here our hunters joined us having killed three Eagles and a 
  large goose. I had now an oportunity of comparing the bald with the grey 
  Eagle; I found that the greay Eagle was about 1/4 larger, it's legs and 
  feet were dark while those of the bald Eagle wer of a fine orrange yellow; 
  the iris of the eye is also of a dark yellowish brown while that of the 
  other is of a bright silvery colour with a slight admixture of yellow. 
  after dinner we proceeded on and passed an Elegant and extensive bottom on 
  the South side and an island near it's upper point which we call Fanny's 
  Island and bottom. the greater part of the bottom is a high dry prarie. 
  near the river towards the upper point we saw a fine grove of whiteoak 
  trees; we saw some deer and Elk at a distance in the prarie, but did not 
  delay for the purpose of hunting them. we continued our rout after dinner 
  untill late in the evening and encamped on the next island above fanny's 
  Island. we found it difficult to obtain as much wood as answered our 
  purposes. the hunters who had proceeded on before us after dinner did not 
  join us this evening. some Indians visited us after dark, but did not 
  remain long. agreeably to our estimate as we decended the river, we came 
  16 m# 23rd, 16 m# the 24th, 15 the 25th, and 18 m# the 26th, tho I now 
  think that our estimate in decending the river was too short. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1286-1806-03-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday March 26th 1806 The wind blew So hard untill 8 A M# that we 
  detained, we gave a Medal to a Man by the name of Wal~lal~le a principal 
  man among the Cath lah mahs, he appeared very thankfull for the honor 
  Confured on him and presented us with a large Sturgion. we Continued our 
  rout up the river to an old Village on the South Side where we halted for 
  dinner. we met on the way the principal Chief of the Cathlahmahs, 
  Sah~hah~wah~cop, who had been up the river on a trading voyage, he gave us 
  some Wappato and fish, we also purchased Some Wappato Soon after halted 
  for dinner at an Old Village on the South point opposit the lower pt# of 
  Fannys Island. The two Warkiacums who had been pursueing us Since yester 
  day morning with two dogs for Sale, arrived. they wish Tobacco in exchange 
  for their dogs which we are not disposed to give, as our Stock is now 
  reduced to 3 carrots. our men who have been acustomed to the use of this 
  article, and to Whome we are now obliged to deny the use of this article 
  appear to Suffer Much for the want of it. they Substitute the bark of the 
  wild Crab which they Chew; it is very bitter and they assure me they find 
  it a good Substitute for tobacco. the Smokers Substitute the iner bark of 
  the redwillow and the saccommis. 
  = 
  here our hunters joined us haveing killed 3 Eagles and a large Wild goose. 
  I had now an oppertunity of Comparing the bald with the grey Eagle; I 
  found the grey Eagle about 1/4 largest, its legs and feet were dark which 
  those of the bald eagle were of a fine orrange yellow; the iris of the eye 
  is also of a dark yellowish brown, while that of the Grey is of a light 
  Silvery colour with a Slight admixture of yellow. after dinner I walked on 
  Shore through an eligant bottom on the South Side opposit to Fannys 
  Island. 
  = 
  This bottom we also Call fannys bottom it is extensive and an open leavel 
  plain except near the river bank which is high dry rich oak land. I saw 
  Some deer & Elk at a distance in the Prarie. we continued untill late 
  in the evening and encamped on a Small Island near the Middle of the river 
  haveing made 18 Miles. 2 Indians Visited us this evining 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1287-1806-03-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday March 27th 1806. We set out early this morning and were shortly 
  after joined by some of the Skillutes who came along side in a small canoe 
  for the purpose of trading roots and fish. at 10 A#M# we arrived at two 
  houses of this nation on the Stard# side where we halted for breakfast. 
  here we overtook our hunters, they had killed nothing. the natives 
  appeared extreemly hospitable, gave us dryed Anchovies, Sturgeon, 
  wappetoe, quamash, and a speceis of small white tuberous roots about 2 
  inches in length and as thick as a man's finger; these are eaten raw, are 
  crisp, milkey, and agreeably flavored. most of the party were served by 
  the natives with as much as they could eat; they insisted on our remaining 
  all day with them and hunting the Elk and deer which they informed us were 
  very abundant in their neighbourhood. but as the weather would not permit 
  us to dry our canoes in order to pitch them we declined their friendly 
  invitation, and resumed our voyage at 12 OCk# the principal village of 
  these Skillutes reside on the lower side of the Cow~e~lis'~kee river a few 
  miles from it's entrance into the columbia. these people are said to be 
  numerous. in their dress, habits, manners and language they differ but 
  little from the Clatsops Chinnooks &c# they have latterly been at war 
  with Chinnooks but peace is said now to be restored between them, but 
  their intercourse is not yet resumed. no Chinnooks come above the marshey 
  islands nor do the Skillutes visit the mouth of the Columbia. the 
  Clatsops, Cathlahmahs and Wackkiacums are the carriers between these 
  nations being in alliance with both. The Coweliskee is 150 yards 
  wide, is deep and from indian Information navigable a very considerable 
  distance for canoes. it discharges itself into the Columbia about three 
  miles above a remarkable high rocky vole which is situated on the N# side 
  of the river by which it is washed on the South side and is seperated from 
  the Nothern hills of the river by a wide bottom of several miles to which 
  it is united. I suspect that this river waters the country lying West of 
  the range of mountains which pass the columbia between the great falls and 
  rapids, and north of the same nearly to the low country which commences on 
  the N# W# coast about Latitude  ¿¿  North. above the Skillutes on this 
  river another nation by the name of the Hul~loo~et~tell reside, who are 
  said also to be numerous. at the distance Of 2 m# above the village at 
  which we breakfasted we passed the entrance of this river; we saw several 
  fishing camps of the Skillutes on both sides of the Columbia, and were 
  attended all the evening by parties of the natives in their canoes who 
  visited us for the purpose of trading their fish and roots; we purchased 
  as many as we wished on very moderate terms; they seemed perfectly 
  satisfyed with the exchange and behaved themselves in a very orderly 
  manner. late in the evening we passed our camp of the 5th of November and 
  encamped about 41/2 above at the commencement of the bottom land on stard. 
  below Deer Island. we had scarcely landed before we were visited by a 
  large canoe with eight men; from them we obtained a dryed fruit which 
  resembled the raspburry and which I beeive to be the fruit of the large 
  leafed thorn frequently mentioned. it is reather ascid tho pleasently 
  flavored. I preserved a specemine of this fruit I fear that it has been 
  baked in the process of drying and if so the seed will not vegitate. saw 
  the Cottonwood, sweet willow, oak, ash and the broad leafed ash, the 
  growth which resembles the beach &c# these form the growth of the 
  bottom lands while the hills are covered almost exclusively with the 
  various speceis of fir heretofore discribed. the black Alder appears as 
  well on some parts of the hills as the bottoms. before we set out from the 
  Skillute village we sent on Gibson's canoe and Drewyers with orders to 
  proceed as fast as they could to Deer island and there to hunt and wait 
  our arrival. we wish to halt at that place to repair our canoes if 
  possible. the indians who visited us this evening remained but a short 
  time, they passed the river to the oposite side and encamped. the night as 
  well as the day proved cold wet and excessively disagreeable. we came 20 
  miles today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1288-1806-03-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday March 27th 1806. a rainey disagreeable night rained the greater 
  part of the night we Set out this morning verry early and proceeded on to 
  two houses of the Skil~lute Indians on the South Side here we found our 
  hunters who had Seperated from us last evening. the wind rose and the rain 
  became very hard Soon after we landed here we were very friendly receved 
  by the natives who gave all our party as much fish as they Could eate, 
  they also gave us Wappato and pashaquaw roots to eate prepared in their 
  own way. also a Species of Small white tuberous roots about 2 inches in 
  length and as thick as a mans finger, these are eaten raw, or crips, 
  milkey and agreeably flavoured; the nativs insisted on our remaining all 
  day with them and hunt the Elk and deer which they informed us was very 
  abundant in this neighbourhood. but as the weather would not permit our 
  drying our Canoes in order to pitch them, we declined their friendly 
  invertation, and resumed our voyage at 12 oClock. The principal village of 
  the Skil~lutes is Situated on the lower Side of the Cow~e~lis kee river a 
  fiew miles from it's enterance into the Columbia. those people are Said to 
  be noumerous, in their dress, habits, manners and Language they differ but 
  little from the Clatsops, Chinnooks &c# they have latterly been at war 
  with the Chinnooks, but peace is Said to be now restored between them, but 
  their inter Course is not yet restored. no Chinnook Come above the 
  Warkiacums, nor do the Skillutes visit the Mouth of the Columbia. The 
  Clatsops, Cath lahmahs & War kia coms are the Carriers between those 
  nations being in alliance with both. The Cow e lis kee river is 150 yards 
  wide, is deep and from Indian information navigable a very considerable 
  distance for canoes. it discharges itself into the Columbia about 3 miles 
  above a remarkable knob which is high and rocky and Situated on the North 
  Side of the Columbia, and Seperated from the Northern hills of the river 
  by a Wide bottom of Several Miles, to which it united. I Suspect that this 
  river Waters the Country lying west of a range of Mountains which passes 
  the Columbia between the Great falls and rapids, and North of the Same 
  nearly to the low country which Commences on the N W# Coast about Latitude 
  4°  ¿¿  North. above the Skil lutes on this river another nation by the 
  name of the Hul~loo~et~tell reside who are Said also to be numerous. at 
  the distance of 2 miles above the village at which we brackfast we passed 
  the enterance of this river; we Saw Several fishing camps of the Skillutes 
  on both Sides of the Columbia, and also on both Sides of this river. we 
  were attended all the evening by parties of the nativs in their Canoes who 
  visited us for the purpose of tradeing their fish and roots; we purchased 
  as maney as we wished on very moderate terms; they Seamed perfectly 
  Satisfied with the exchange and behaved themselves in a very orderly 
  manner. late in the evening we passed the place we Camped the 5th of Novr. 
  and Encamped about 4 miles above at the Commencement of the Columbian 
  Vally on the Stard# Side below Deer Island. we had Scercily landed before 
  we were visited by a large Canoe with 8 men; from them we obtained a dried 
  fruit which resembled the raspberry and which I beleave is the fruit of 
  the large leafed thorn frequently mentioned. it is reather ascide tho 
  pleasently flavored. Saw Cotton wood, Sweet Willow, white oake, ash and 
  the broad leafed ash the Growth which resembles the bark &c# these 
  form the groth of the bottom lands, whilst the Hills are almost 
  exclusively Covered with the various Species of fir heretofore discribed. 
  the black alder appears on Maney parts of the hills Sides as on the 
  bottoms. before we Set out from the 2 houses where we brackfast we Sent on 
  two Canoes with the best hunters, with orders to pro ceed as fast as they 
  Could to Deer island and there to hunt and wait our arrival. we wish to 
  halt at that place and repare 2 of our Canoes if possible. the Indians 
  that visited us this evining remained but a Short time, they passed over 
  to an Island and encamped. the night as well as the day proved Cold wet 
  and excessively disagreeable. we Came 20 miles in the Course of this day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1289-1806-03-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday March 28th 1806. This morning we set out very early and at 9 A#M# 
  arrived at the old Indian Village on Lard side of Deer Island where we 
  found our hunters had halted and left one man with the two canoes at their 
  camp; they had arrived last evening at this place and six of them turned 
  out to hunt very early this morning; by 10 A#M# they all returned to camp 
  having killed seven deer. these were all of the common fallow deer with 
  the long tall. I measured the tail of one of these bucks which was upwards 
  of 17 Inches long; they are very poor, tho they are better than the black 
  tailed fallow deer of the coast. these are two very distinct speceis of 
  deer. the Indians call this large Island E~lal~lar or deer island which is 
  a very appropriate name. the hunters informed us that they had seen 
  upwards of a hundred deer this morning on this island. the interior part 
  of the island is praries and ponds, with a heavy growth of Cottonwood ash 
  and willow near the river. we have seen more waterfowl on this island than 
  we have previously seen since we left Fort Clatsop, consisting of geese, 
  ducks, large swan, and Sandhill crams. I saw a few of the Canvisback duck. 
  the duckinmallard are the most abundant. one of the hunters killed a duck 
  which appeared to be the male, it was a size less than the duckinmallard. 
  the head neck as low as the croop, the back tail and covert of the wings 
  were of a fine black with a small addmixture of perple about the head and 
  neck, the belley & breast were white; some long feathers which lie 
  underneath the wings and cover the thye were of a pale dove colour with 
  fine black specks; the large feathers of the wings are of a dove colour. 
  the legs are dark, the feet are composed of 4 toes each of which there are 
  three in front connected by a web, the 4th is short Hat and placed high on 
  the heel behind the leg. the tail is composed of 14 short pointed 
  feathers. the beak of this duck is remarkably wide, and is 2 inches in 
  length, the upper chap exceeds the under one in both length and width, 
  insomuch that when the beak is closed the under is entirly concealed by 
  the upper chap. the tongue, indenture of the margin of the chaps &c# 
  are like those of the mallard. the nostrils are large longitudinal and 
  connected. a narrow strip of white garnishes the upper part or base of the 
  upper chap; this is succeeded by a pale skye blue colour which occupys 
  about one inch of the chap, is again succeeded by a transverse stripe of 
  white and the extremity is of a pure black. the eye is moderately large 
  the puple black and iris of a fine orrange yellow. the feathers on the 
  crown of the head are longer than those on the upper part of neck and 
  other parts of the head; these feathers give it the appearance of being 
  crested. at 1/2 after ten A#M# it became fair, and we had the canoes which 
  wanted repairing hailed out and with the assistance of fires which we had 
  kindled for the purpose dryed them sufficiently to receive the pitch which 
  was immediately put on them; at 3 in the evening we had them compleat and 
  again launched and reloaded. we should have set out, but as some of the 
  party whom we had permitted to hunt since we arrived have not yet returned 
  we determined to remain this evening and dry our beding baggage &c# 
  the weather being fair. Since we landed here we were visited by a large 
  canoe with ten natives of the quathlahpahtle nation who are numerous and 
  reside about seventeen miles above us on the lard. side of the Columbia, 
  at the entrance of a small river. they do not differ much in their dress 
  from those lower down and speak nearly the same language, it is in fact 
  the same with a small difference of accent. we saw a great number of 
  snakes on this island they were about the size and much the form of the 
  common garter snake of the Atlantic coast and like that snake are not 
  poisonous. they have 160 scuta on the abdomen and 71 on the tail. the 
  abdomen near the head, and jaws as high as the eyes, are of a bluefish 
  white, which as it receedes from the head becomes of a dark brown. the 
  field of the back and sides is black. a narrow stripe of a light yellow 
  runs along the center of the back, on each side of this stripe there is a 
  range of small transverse oblong spots of a pale brick ret which gradually 
  deminish as they receede from the head and disappear at the commencement 
  of the tail. the puple of the eye is black, with a narrow ring of white 
  bordering it's edge; the ballance of the iris is of a dark yellowish 
  brown. the men who had been sent after the deer returned and brought 
  in the remnent which the Vultures and Eagles had left us; these birds had 
  devoured 4 deer in the course of a few hours. the party killed and brought 
  in three other deer a goose some ducks and an Eagle. Drewyer also killed a 
  tiger cat. Joseph Fields informed me that the Vultures had draged a large 
  buck which he had killed about 30 yards, had skined it and broken the back 
  bone. we came five miles only today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1290-1806-03-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday March 28th 1806 This morning we Set out verry early and at 9 A#M# 
  arived at an old Indian Village on the N E side of Deer island where we 
  found our hunters had halted and left one man with the Canoes at their 
  Camp, they arrived last evening at this place, and Six of them turned out 
  very early to hunt, at 10 A#M# they all returned to camp haveing killed 
  Seven Deer, those were all of the Common fallow Deer with a long tail. I 
  measured the tail of one of these bucks which was upwards of 17 inches 
  long; they are very poor, tho they are better than the black tail Species 
  of the Sea coast. those are two very distinct Species of Deer. the Indians 
  call this large Island E~lal~lar, or Deer Island, which is a very 
  appropriate name. the hunters informed us that they had Seen upwards of a 
  hundred Deer this morning on this island. the interior of this Island is a 
  prarie & ponds, with a heavy growth of Cotton wood, ash & willow 
  near the river. we have Seen more water fowl on this island than we have 
  previously Seen Since we left Fort Clatsop, Consisting of Geese, Ducks, 
  large Swan & Sand Hill crains. I saw a fiew of the Canvis back duck as 
  I believe. at 1/2 after 10 A#M# it became fair and we had the Canoes which 
  wanted repareing hauled out and with the assistance of fires which we had 
  kindled for the purpose dryed them Sufficiently to receve the pitch which 
  was imedeately put on them; at 3 in the evening we had them Compleated and 
  lanced and reloaded. we should have Set out but some of the party whome we 
  had permitid to hunt Since we arrived heve not yet returned. we determined 
  to remain here this evening and dry our bedding &c# the weather being 
  fair. Since we landed here we were visited by a large Canoe with ten 
  nativs of the Quathlahpohtle nation who are numerous and reside about 
  fourteen Miles above us on the N E# Side of the Columbia above the 
  Enterance of a Small river which the Indians call Chfih~w&h~na~hi~ooks. 
  we saw a great number of Snakes on this island; they were about the Size 
  and much the form of the garter snake of the U# S# the back and Sides are 
  black with a narrow Stripe of light yellow along the Center of the back, 
  with small red spots on each Side they have  ¿¿  scuta on the abdomin 
  &  ¿¿  on the tail and are not poisonous. The men who had been Sent 
  after the deer returned with four only, the other 4 haveing been eaten 
  entirely by the Voulturs except the Skin. The men we had been permitted to 
  hunt this evening killed 3 deer 4 Eagles & a Duck. the deer are 
  remarkably pore. Some rain in the after part of the day. we only made 5 
  miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1291-1806-03-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday March 29th 1806. We set out early this morning and proceeded 
  along the side of Deer Island; halted at 10 A#M# near its upper point and 
  breakfasted. here we were joined by three men of the Clan~nah~min~na~mun 
  nation. the upper point of this Island may be esteemed the lower side or 
  commencement of the Columbian valley. after breakfast we proceeded on and 
  at the distance of 14 miles from our encampment of the last evening we 
  passed a large inlet 300 yds in width. this inlet or arm of the river 
  extends itself to the South 10 or 12 M# to the hills on that side of the 
  river and receives the waters of a small creek which heads with killamucks 
  river, and that of a bayau which passes out of the Columbia about 20 miles 
  above, the large Island thus formed we call wappetoe island. on this inlet 
  and Island the following nations reside, (viz) Clan~nah~min~namun, 
  Clacks~star, Cath~lah~cum~up, Clah~in~na~ta, Cath~lah~nah~qui~ah, and 
  Cath~lah~cam~mah~tup. the two first reside on the inlet and the others on 
  the bayau and island. observed a speceies of small wild onion 
  growing among the moss on the rocks, they resemble the shives of our 
  gardens and grow remarkably close together forming a perfect turf; they 
  are quite as agreeably flavoured as the shives. on the North side of the 
  columbia a little above the entrance of this inlet a considerable river 
  discharges itself. this stream the natives call the Cah~wah~na~hi~ooks. it 
  is 150 yards wide and at present discharges a large body of water, tho 
  from the information of the same people it is not navigable but a short 
  distance in consequence of falls and rappids a tribe called the 
  Hul~lu~ettell reside on this river above it's entr. at the distance 
  of three miles above the entrance of the inlet on the N# side behind the 
  lower point of an island we arrived at the village of the Cath~lah~poh~tle 
  with consists of 14 large wooden houses. here we arrived at 3 P#M# the 
  language of these people as well as those on the inlet and wappetoe Island 
  differs in some measure from the nations on the lower part of the river. 
  tho many of their words are the same, and a great many others with the 
  difference only of accent. the form of their houses and dress of the men, 
  manner of living habits customs &c as far as we could discover are the 
  same. their women wear their ornaments robes and hair as those do below 
  tho here their hair is more frequently braded in two tresses and hang over 
  each ear in front of the body. in stead of the tissue of bark woarn by the 
  women below, they wear a kind of leather breech clout about the width of a 
  common pocket handkerchief and reather longer. the two corners of this at 
  one of the narrow ends are confined in front just above the hips; the 
  other end is then brought between the legs, compressed into a narrow 
  foalding bundel is drawn tight and the corners a little spread in front 
  and tucked at the groin over and arround the part first confind about the 
  waist# the small robe which dose not reach the waist is their usual and 
  only garment commonly woarn be side that just mentioned. when the weather 
  is a litte warm this robe is thrown aside and the leather truss or 
  breech~clout constitutes the whole of their apparel. this is a much more 
  indecent article than the tissue of bark, and bearly covers the mons 
  venes, to which it is drawn so close that the whole shape is plainly 
  perceived. the floors of most of their houses are on a level with the 
  surface of the earth tho some of them are sunk two or 3 feet beneath. the 
  internal arrangement of their houses is the same with those of the nations 
  below. they are also fond of sculpture. various figures are carved and 
  painted on the peices which support the center of the roof, about their 
  doors and beads. they had large quantities of dryed Anchovies strung on 
  small sticks by the gills and others which had been first dryed in this 
  manner, were now arranged in large sheets with strings of bark and hung 
  suspended by poles in the roofs of their houses; they had also an 
  abundance of sturgeon and wappetoe; the latter they take in great 
  quantities from the neighbouring bonds, which are numerous and extensive 
  in the river bottoms and islands. the wappetoe furnishes the principal 
  article of traffic with these people which they dispose of to the nations 
  below in exchange for beads cloth and various articles. the natives of the 
  Sea coast and lower part of the river will dispose of their most valuable 
  articles to obtain this root. they have a number of large symeters of Iron 
  from 3 to 4 feet long which hang by the heads of their beads; the blade of 
  this weapon is thickest in the center tho thin even there. all it's edges 
  are sharp and it's greatest width which is about 9 inches from the point 
  is about 4 inches. the form is thus. this is a formidable weapon. they 
  have heavy bludgeons of wood made in the same form nearly which I presume 
  they used for the same purpose before they obtained metal. we purchased a 
  considerable quantity of wappetoe, 12 dogs, and 2 Sea otter skins of these 
  people. they were very hospitable and gave us anchovies and wappetoe to 
  eat. notwithstanding their hospitality if it deserves that appellation, 
  they are great begers, for we had scarcely finished our repast on the 
  wappetoe and Anchovies which they voluntarily set before us before they 
  began to beg. we gave them some small articles as is our custom on those 
  occasions with which they seemed perfectly satisfyed. we gave the 1st 
  Cheif a small medal, which he soon transfered to his wife. after remaining 
  at this place 2 hours we set out & continued our rout between this 
  island, which we now call Cath~lah~poh~tle after the nation, and the Lard 
  shore. at the distance of 2 miles we encamped in a small prarie on the 
  main shore, having traveled 19 miles by estimate. the river rising fast. 
  great numbers of both the large and small swans, gees and ducks seen 
  today. the former are very abundant in the ponds where the wappetoe is 
  found, they feed much on this bulb# the female of the duck which was 
  described yesterday is of a uniform dark brown with some yellowish brown 
  intermixed in small specks on the back neck and breast. the garter snakes 
  are innumerable, & are seen entwined arround each other in large 
  bundles of forty or fifty lying about in different directions through the 
  praries. the frogs are croaking in the swams and marhes; their notes do 
  not differ from those of the Atlantic States; they are not found in the 
  salt marshes near the entrance of the river. heared a large hooting owl 
  hollowing this evening. saw several of the crested fishers and some of the 
  large and small black~birds. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1292-1806-03-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday March 29th 1806 we Set out very early this morning and proceeded 
  to the head of deer island and took brackfast. the morning was very cold 
  wind Sharp and keen off the rainge of Mountains to the East Covered with 
  snow. the river is now riseing very fast and retards our progress very 
  much as we are compelled to keep out at Some distance in the Curent to 
  clear the bushes, and fallin trees and drift logs makeing out from the 
  Shore. dureing the time we were at Brackfast a Canoe with three Indians of 
  the Clan~nar~min~na~mon Nation came down, one of those men was dressed in 
  a Salors jacket & hat & the other two had a blanket each, those 
  people differ but little either in their dress manners & Language from 
  the Clatsops & Chinnooks they reside on Wappato Inlet which is on the 
  S W# side about 12 miles above our encampment of the last night and is 
  about 2 miles from the lower point, four other Tribes also reside on the 
  inlet and Since which passes on the South W# Side of the Island, the first 
  tribe from the lower point is the Clannarminamon, on the Island, the 
  Clackster Nation on the main S# W# Shore. the next Cath~lah~cum~up, 
  Clhh~in~na~ta, Cath~lah~nah~qui~ah and at Some distance further up is a 
  tribe called Cath~lah~com~mah~up Those tribes all occupie Single Villages. 
  we proceeded on to the lower point of the Said island accompanied by the 3 
  Indians, & were met by 2 canoes of nativs of the quath~lah~pah~tal who 
  informed us that the chanel to the N E of the Island was the proper one. 
  we prosued their advice and Crossed into the mouth of the 
  Chahwah~na~hi~ooks River which is about 200 yards wide and a great portion 
  of water into the columbia at this time it being high. The indians inform 
  us that this river is crouded with rapids after Some distance up it. 
  Several tribes of the Hul~lu~et~tell Nation reside on this river. at 3 
  oClock P#M# we arived at the Quath lah pah tie Village of 14 Houses on 
  main Shore to the N E# Side of a large island. those people in their 
  habits manners Customs and language differ but little from those of the 
  Clatsops and others below. here we exchanged our deer Skins killed 
  yesterday for dogs, and purchased others to the Number of 12 for 
  provisions for the party, as the deer flesh is too poore for the Men to 
  Subsist on and work as hard as is necessary. I also purchased a Sea Otter 
  robe. we purchased wappatoe and Some pashaquar roots. gave a Medal of the 
  Small Size to the principal Chief, and at 5 oClock reembarked and 
  proceeded up on the N E# of an Island to an inlet about 1 mile above the 
  village and encamped on a butifull grassy plat, where the nativs make a 
  portage of their Canoes and Wappato roots to and from a large pond at a 
  Short distance. in this pond the nativs inform us they Collect great 
  quantities of pappato, which the womin collect by getting into the water, 
  Sometimes to their necks holding by a Small canoe and with their feet 
  loosen the wappato or bulb of the root from the bottom from the Fibers, 
  and it imedeately rises to the top of the water, they Collect & throw 
  them into the Canoe, those deep roots are the largest and best roots. 
  Great numbers of the whistling Swan, Gees and Ducks in the Ponds. Soon 
  after we landed 3 of the nativs came up with Wappato to Sell a part of 
  which we purchased. they Continued but a Short time. our men are recoverey 
  fast. Willard quit well & Bratten much Stronger. we made 15 miles to 
  day only. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1293-1806-03-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday March 30th 1806. We got under way very early in the morning, and 
  had not reached the head of the island before we were met by three men of 
  the Clan~nah~minna~mun nation one of whom we recognized being the same who 
  had accompanied us yesterday, and who was very pressing in his entreaties 
  that we should visit his nation on the inlet S# W# of Wappetoe island. at 
  the distance of about 2 M# or at the head of the quathlahpahtle island we 
  met a party of the Claxtars and Cathlahcumups in two canoes; soon after we 
  were met by several canoes of the different nations who reside on each 
  side of the river near this place. Wappetoe Island is about 20 miles long 
  and from 5 to 10 in width; the land is high and extreemly fertile and 
  intersected in many parts with ponds which produce great quantities of the 
  sagittaria Sagittifolia, the bulb of which the natives call wappetoe. 
  there is a heavy growth of Cottonwood, ash, the large leafed ash and sweet 
  willow on most parts of this island. the black alder common on the coast 
  has now disappeared. we passed several fishing camps on wappetoe island 
  and at the distance of 5 miles above quathlahpotle Island on the N# E# 
  side we halted for breakfast near the place we had encamped on the evening 
  of the 4th of November last; here we were visited by several canoes which 
  came off from two towns situated a little distance above us on wappetoe 
  Island. the 1st of these tribes about 2 miles above us call themselves 
  Clan~nah~quah, the other about a mile above them call themselves 
  Mult~no~mah. from these visiters we purchased a sturgeon and some wappetoe 
  and pashequa, for which we gave some small fishinghooks. these like the 
  natives below are great higglers in dealing. at 10 A#M# we set out and had 
  not proceeded far before we came to a landing place of the natives where 
  there were several large canoes drawn out on shore and several natives 
  seting in a canoe apparently waiting our arrival; they joined the fleet 
  and continued with us some miles. we halted a few minutes at this landing 
  and the Indians pointed to a village which was situated abut 2 miles from 
  the river behid a pond lying parallel with it on the N# E# side nearly 
  opposite to the Clan~nah~quah town. here they informed us that the 
  Sho~toes resided. here we were joined by several other canoes of natives 
  from the Island. most of these people accompanyed us untill 4 in the 
  evening when they all returned; their principal object I beive was merely 
  to indulge their curiossity in looking at us. they appeared very friendly, 
  tho most had taken the precaution to bring with them their warlike 
  implements. we continued our rout along the N# E# shore of the river to 
  the place we had halted to dine on the 4th of Novembr opposite to the 
  center of Immage canoe island where the Indians stole Capt# Clarks 
  tomahawk. here we encamped a little before sunset in a beautifull prarie 
  above a large pond having traveled 23 M# I took a walk of a few miles 
  through the prarie and an open grove of oak timber which borders the 
  prarie on the back part. I saw 4 deer in the course of my walk and much 
  appearance of both Elk and deer. Joseph feields who was also out a little 
  above me saw several Elk and deer but killed none of them; they are very 
  shye and the annual furn which is now dry and abundant in the bottoms 
  makes so much nois in passing through it that it is extreemly difficult to 
  get within reach of the game. Fends killed and brought with him a duck. 
  about 10 P#M# an indian alone in a small canoe arrived at our camp, he had 
  some conversation with the centinel and soon departed. The natives who 
  inhabit this valley are larger and reather better made than those of the 
  coast. like those people they are fond of cold, hot, & vapor baths of 
  which they make frequent uce both in sickness and in health and at all 
  seasons of the year. they have also a very singular custom among them of 
  baithing themselves allover with urine every morning. The timber and 
  apearance of the country is much as before discribed. the up lands are 
  covered almost entirely with a heavy growth of fir of several speceis like 
  those discribed in the neighbourhood of Fort Clatsop; the white cedar is 
  also found hereof large size; no white pine nor pine of any other kind. we 
  had a view of mount St# helines and Mount Hood. the 1st is the most noble 
  looking object of it's kind in nature. it's figure is a regular cone. both 
  these mountains are perfectly covered with snow; at least the parts of 
  them which are visible. the highlands in this valley are rolling tho by no 
  means too steep for cultivation they are generally fertile of a dark rich 
  loam and tolerably free of stones. this valley is terminated on it's lower 
  side by the mountanous country which borders the coast, and above by the 
  rainge of mountains which pass the Columbia between the great falls and 
  rapids of the Columbia river. it is about 70 miles wide on a direct line 
  and it's length I beleive to be very extensive tho how far I cannot 
  determine. this valley would be copetent to the mantainance of 40 or 50 
  thousand souls if properly cultivated and is indeed the only desireable 
  situation for a settlement which I have seen on the West side of the Rocky 
  mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1294-1806-03-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday March 30th 1806 we got under way verry early and had not proceeded 
  to the head of the island before we met with the three men of the 
  Clan~nar~min~a~mon's who met us yesterday brackfast at the upper point of 
  the Island we met Several of the Clackstar and Cath~lah~cum~up in two 
  canoes. Soon after we were overtaken by Several Canoes of different tribes 
  who reside on each Side of the river the three above Tribes and the 
  Cldh~in~na~ta cath~lahnah~qui~up & Cath~lah~com~mah~tup reside on each 
  Side of Wappato inlet and back of Wappato Island which Island is formed by 
  a Small Chanel which passes from the Lower part of Image Canoe Island into 
  an inlet which makes in from the S W# Side, and receves the water of a 
  Creek which heads with the Kil a mox River. this wappato Island is about 
  18 or 20 Miles long and in places from 6 to 10 miles wide high & 
  furtile with ponds on different parts of it in which the nativs geather 
  Wappato. nearly opposit the upper point of the Isld# behing which we 
  encamped last night, or on the Wappato Isld# is Several Camps of the 
  nativs catching Sturgion. about 5 miles Still higher up and on the N E# 
  Side we halted for brackfast at the place which We had encamped the 4th of 
  November last. here we were visited by several canoes of Indians from two 
  Towns a Short distance above on the Wappato Island. the 1st of those 
  Tribes Call themselves Clan~nah~quah and Situated about 2 miles above us, 
  the other about a mile above Call themselves Mult~no~mah we purchased of 
  those visitors a Sturgion and Some Wappato & quarmarsh roots for which 
  we gave Small fishing hooks. at 10 a.m. we Set out and had not proceeded 
  far before we came to a landing place where there was Several large canoes 
  hauled up, and Sitting in a canoe, appearantly waiting our arival with a 
  view to join the fleet indian who was then along Side of us. this man 
  informed he was a Shoto and that his nation resided a little distance from 
  the river. we landed and one of the indians pointed to the Shoto village 
  which is Situated back of Pond which lies parrelal with the river on the N 
  E# Side nearly opposit the Clan~nah quah village. here we were also joined 
  by Several Canoes loaded with the natives from the Island who Continued to 
  accompany us untill about 4 oClock when they all returned and we proceeded 
  on to the place the Indians Stole my Tomahawk 4th Novr. last and Encamped 
  in a Small Prarie above a large Pond on N# E and opposit the Center of 
  image Canoe Island. capt Lewis walked out and Saw Several deer. Jo# Field 
  Shot at Elk he killed and brought in a fine duck. Soon after I had got 
  into bead an Indian came up alone in a Small Canoe. Those tribes of 
  Indians who inhabit this vally differ but little in either their dress, 
  manners, habuts and language from the Clat Sops Chinnooks, and others on 
  the Sea coast. they differ in a fiew words and a little in the accent. The 
  men are Stouter and much better formed than those of the Sea Coast. more 
  of their womin ware their hair braded in two tresses and hang over each 
  ear. in Stead of the tissue of bark worn by the women below, they ware a 
  kind of leather breech clout as before described as worn by the Womin at 
  the enterance of Lewis's river ¬ the width of a Common pocket Handkerchief 
  or Something Smaller and longer. the two Corners of this at one of the 
  narrow ends are confined in front just above the hips; the other Side is 
  then brought between their legs, Compressed into a narrow folding bundle 
  is drawn tight, and the Corners a little Spred in front tucked at the ends 
  over and around the part first confined about the Waiste. a Small roab 
  which does not reach the Waiste is their usial and only garment commonly 
  worn besides this just mentioned. when the weather is a little worm the 
  roab is thrown aside, and the latter truss or breach clout constitutes the 
  whole of their apparreal. this is a much more indesant article than the 
  tissue of bark, and bearly covers the Mons versus, to which it is drawn So 
  close that the whole Shape is plainly perseived. The Houses are Similar to 
  those already descrbed. they are fond of Sculpture. various figures are 
  carved and painted on the pieces which Support the Center of the roof 
  about their dotes and beads. They are well Supplied with anchoves Sturgion 
  and Wappato. The latter furnishes the principal article of traffic with 
  those Tribes which they despose of to the nativs below in exchange for 
  beeds, Cloath and Various articles. the nativs of the Sea coast and lower 
  part of this river will dispose of their most valueable articles to obtain 
  this root. I saw in Several houses of the Cath lah poh tie Village large 
  Symeters of Iron from 3 to 4 feet long which hangs by the heads of their 
  beads; the blade of this weapon is thickest in the Center tho thin even 
  there, all it's edges are Sharp and its greatest width which is about 9 
  inches from the point, is about 4 inches. the form is this this is a 
  formable weapon. they have heavy bludgeons of wood made in the Same form 
  nearly which I prosume they use for the Same purpose before they obtained 
  metal. we made 22 Miles only to day the wind and a Strong current being 
  against us all day, with rain. discovered a high mountain S E# Covered 
  with Snow which we call Mt. Jefferson. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1295-1806-03-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  March 31, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday March 31st 1806 We set out early this morning and proceeded untill 
  8 A#M# when we Landed on the N# side opposite one large wooden house of 
  the Shah~ha~la nation and took breakfast. when we decended the river in 
  November last there were 24 other lodges formed of Straw and covered with 
  bark near this house; these lodges are now distroyed and the inhabitants 
  as the indians inform us have returned to the great rapids of this river 
  which is their permanent residence; the house which remains is inhabited; 
  soon after we landed two canoes came over from this house with 4 men and a 
  woman. they informed us that their relations who were with them last fall 
  usuly visit them at that season for the purpose of hunting deer and Elk 
  and collecting wappetoe and that they had lately returned to the rapids I 
  presume to prepare for the fishing season as the Salmon will begin to run 
  shortly. this morning we overtook the man who had visited our camp 
  last night he had a fine sturgeon in his canoe which he had just taken. 
  the Sagittaria Sagittifolia dose not grow on this river above the 
  Columbian valley. These indians of the rapids frequently visit this 
  valley at every season of the year for the purpose of collecting wappetoe 
  which is abundant and appears never to be out of season at any time of the 
  year. at 10 A#M# we resumed our march accompanyed by three men in a canoe; 
  one of these fellows appeared to be a man of some note among them; he was 
  dressed in a salor's jacket which was decorated in his own fassion with 
  five rows of large and small buttons in front and some large buttons on 
  the pocket flaps. they are remarkably fond of large brass buttons. these 
  people speak a different language from those below tho in their dress 
  habits manners &c they differ but little from the quathlahpohtles. 
  their women wear the truss as those do of all the nations residing from 
  the quathlahpohtles to the entrance of Lewis's river. they differ in the 
  manner of intering their dead. they lay them horizontally on boards and 
  cover them with mats, in a valt formed with boards like the roof of a hose 
  supported by forks and a single pole laid horizontally on those forks. 
  many bodies are deposited in the same valt above ground. these are 
  frequently laid one on the other, to the hight of three or for corps. they 
  deposit with them various articles of which they die possessed, and most 
  esteem while living. their canoes are frequently broken up to strengthen 
  the vault. these people have a few words the same with those below 
  but the air of the language is intirely different, insomuch, that it may 
  be justly deemed a different language. their women wear longer and larger 
  robes generally, than those below; these are most commonly made of deer 
  skins dressed with the hair on them. we continued our rout along the N# 
  side of the river passed diamond Island and whitebrant island to the lower 
  point of a handsom prarie opposite to the upper entrance of the Quicksand 
  river; here we encamped having traveled 25 miles today. a little below the 
  upper point of the White brant Island Seal river discharges itself on the 
  N# side. it is about 80 yards wide, and at present discharges a large body 
  of water. the water is very clear. the banks are low and near the Columbia 
  overflow and form several large ponds. the natives inform us that it is of 
  no great extent and heads in the mountains just above us. at the distance 
  of one mile from the entrance of this stream it forks, the two branches 
  being nearly of the same size. they are both obstructed with falls and 
  innumerable rappids, insomuch that it cannot be navigated. as we could not 
  learn any name of the natives for this stream we called it Seal river from 
  the great abundance of those animals which we saw about it's entrance. we 
  determined to remain at our present encampment a day or two for the 
  several purposes of examining quicksand river making some Celestial 
  observations, and procuring some meat to serve us as far as the falls or 
  through the Western mountains where we found the game scarce as we 
  decended. the three indians who accompanied us last evening encamped 
  a little distance above us and visited our camp where they remained untill 
  9 P#M# in the entrance of Seal river I saw a summer duck or wood duck as 
  they are sometimes called. this is the same with those of our country and 
  is the first I have seen since I entered the rocky mountains last summer. our 
  hunters who had halted a little below Seal river in consequence of the 
  waves being too high for their small canoe did not join us untill after 
  dark. Drewyer who was out below Seal river informed us that game was very 
  scarce in that quarter, a circumstance which we did not expect. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1296-1806-03-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  March 31, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday March 31st 1806 we Set out this morning and proceeded untill 8 
  oClock when we landed on the N# Side opposit one large House of the 
  Shah~ha~la Nation near this house at the time we passed on the 4th of 
  November last was Situated 25 houses, 24 of them were built of Straw & 
  Covered with bark as before mentioned. those of that description are all 
  distroyed, the one built of wood only remains and is inhabited. we 
  overtook the man whome came to our Camp last night and Soon after we 
  landed two canoes Came over from the opposit Side with 5 men & a woman 
  those people informed us that their relations who was with them last fall 
  reside at the Great rapids, and were down with them last fall gathering 
  Wappato which did not grow above, and also killing deer, that they Secured 
  the bark of the houses which they then lived in against their return next 
  fall. they also inform us that their relations also visit them frequently 
  in the Spring to collect this root which is in great quantities on either 
  Side of the Columbia. at 10 A# M we proceeded on accompanied by one Canoe 
  and three men, one of them appeared to be a man of Some note, dressed in a 
  Salors jacket which had 5 rows of large & Small buttons on it. Those 
  people Speak a differant language from those below, with Some fiew Words 
  the Same, the accent entirely different. their dress and Manners appear 
  very Similar. the women ware the truss or breach clout and Short robes, 
  and men roabs only passed up on the N# Side of White brant Island near the 
  upper point of Which a Small river falls in about 80 yards wide and at 
  this time discharges a great quantity of water. the nativs inform us that 
  this river is very Short and heads in the range of mountains to the N E of 
  its enterance into the Columbia the nativs haveing no name which we could 
  learn for this little river we Call it Seal river from the great number of 
  those Animals which frequents its mouth. this river forks into two nearly 
  equal branches about 1 mile up and each branch is crouded with rapids 
  & falls. we proceed on about 2 miles above the enterance of this 
  Seacalf river and imedeately opposit the upper mouth of the quick Sand 
  river we formed a Camp in a Small Prarie on the North Side of the Columbia 
  where we intend to delay one or two days to make Some Selestial 
  observations, to examine quick sand river, and kill Some meat to last us 
  through the Western Mountains which Commences a fiew miles above us and 
  runs in a N# N# W# & S# S# E# derection. The three Indians encamped 
  near us and visited our fire we entered into a kind of a Conversation by 
  signs, of the Country and Situation of the rivers. they informed us that 
  Seal river headed in the mountains at no great distance. quick Sand river 
  was Short only headed in Mt. Hood which is in view and to which he 
  pointed. this is a circumstance we did not expect as we had heretofore 
  deemed a considerable river. Mount Hood bears East from this place and is 
  distant from this place about 40 miles. this information if true will 
  render it necessary to examine the river below on the South Side behind 
  the image canoe and Wappato islands for some river which must water the 
  Country weste of the western mountains to the Waters of California. The 
  Columbia is at present on a Stand and we with dificuelty made 25 miles to 
  day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1297-1806-04-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 1st 1806. This morning early we dispatched Sergt# Pryar with 
  two men in a small canoe up quicksand river with orders to proceed as far 
  as he could and return this evening. we also sent a party of three hunters 
  over the river to hunt a large bottom of woodland and prarie above the 
  entrance of the Quicksand river; the ballance of the hunters we sent out 
  in different directions on this side of the Columbia and employed those 
  about camp in making a rope of Elkskin. the Indians who encamped near us 
  last evening continued with us untill about midday. they informed us that 
  the quicksand river which we have heretofore deemed so considerable, only 
  extendes through the Western mountains as far as the S# Western side of 
  mount hood where it takes it's source. this mountain bears E from this 
  place and is distant about 40 miles. this information was corroborated by 
  that of sundry other indians who visited us in the course of the day. we 
  were now convinced that there must be some other considerable river which 
  flowed into the columbia on it's south side below us which we have not yet 
  seen, as the extensive valley on that side of the river lying between the 
  mountainous country of the Coast and the Western mountains must be watered 
  by some stream which we had heretofore supposed was the quicksand river. 
  but if it be a fact that the quicksand river heads in Mount Hood it must 
  leave the valley within a few miles of it's entrance and runs nearly 
  parallel with the Columbia river upwards. we indeavoured to ascertain by 
  what stream the southern portion of the Columbian valley was watered but 
  could obtain no satisfactory information of the natives on this head. they 
  informed us that the quicksand river is navigable a short distance only in 
  consequence of falls and rapids; and that no nation inhabits it. Sergt# 
  Pryar returned in the evening and reported that he had ascended the river 
  six miles; that above the point at which it divides itself into two 
  channels it is about 300 yds wide tho the channel is not more than 50 yds 
  and only 6 ft deep. this is a large vollume of water to collect in so 
  short a distance; I therefore think it probable that there are some large 
  creeks falling into it from the S# W# the bed of this stream is formed 
  entirely of quicksand; it's banks are low and at preasent overflows. the 
  water is turbid and current rapid.the following are the courses taken by 
  Sergt# Pryor. S# 10° W# 1 M# to a point on the Lard# side passing a large 
  Island on Stard# S# 24° E# 2 m# to the head of an Island near the Lard# 
  shore. S 33° E# 4 m# to a stard. point passing several islands on the 
  Lard# side and a creek 50 yds# wide on Stard at 11/2 miles. the river from 
  hence appeared to bend to the East. he heard falls of water. several 
  different tribes informed us that it heads at Mount Hood. We were visited 
  by several canoes of natives in the course of the day; most of whom were 
  decending the river with their women and children. they informed us that 
  they resided at the great rapids and that their relations at that place 
  were much streightened at that place for the want of food; that they had 
  consumed their winter store of dryed fish and that those of the present 
  season had not yet arrived. I could not learn wheather they took the 
  Sturgeon but presume if they do it is in but small quantities as they 
  complained much of the scarcity of food among them. they informed us that 
  the nations above them were in the same situation & that they did not 
  expect the Salmon to arrive untill the full of the next moon which happens 
  on the 2d of May. we did not doubt the varacity of these people who seemed 
  to be on their way with their families and effects in surch of subsistence 
  which they find it easy to procure in this fertile valley. This 
  information gave us much uneasiness with rispect to our future means of 
  subsistence. above falls or through the plains from thence to the 
  Chopunnish there are no deer Antelope nor Elk on which we can depend for 
  subsistence; their horses are very poor most probably at this season, and 
  if they have no fish their dogs must be in the same situation. under these 
  circumstances there seems to be but a gloomy prospect for subsistence on 
  any terms; we therefore took it into serious consideration what measures 
  we were to pursue on this occasion; it was at once deemed inexpedient to 
  wait the arrival of the salmon as that would detain us so large a portion 
  of the season that it is probable we should not reach the United States 
  before the ice would close the Missouri; or at all events would hazard our 
  horses which we lelft in charge of the Chopunnish who informed us that 
  they intended passing the rocky mountains to the Missouri as early as the 
  season would permit them wich is as we believe about the begining of May. 
  should these people leave their situation near kooskooske before our 
  arrival we may probably find much difficulty in recovering our horses; 
  without which there will be but little possibility of repassing the 
  mountains; we are therefore determined to loose as little time as possible 
  in geting to the Chopunnish Village. at 3 P#M# the hunters who were sent 
  over the river returned having killed 4 Elk and two deer; the Elk were in 
  good order but the deer extreemly poor. they informed us that game is very 
  plenty in that quarter. the hunters on this side of the river also 
  returned but had killed nothing; they saw a few Elk and deer. there was 
  also much sign of the black bear seen on the other side of the river. we 
  sent a party to bring in the flesh of the Elk and deer that were killed. 
  they did not return this evening. I purchased a canoe from an Indian today 
  for which I gave him six fathoms of wampum beads; he seemed satisfyed with 
  his bargain and departed in another canoe but shortly after returned and 
  canceled the bargain; took his canoe and returned the beads. this is 
  frequently the case in their method of traiding and is deemed fair by 
  them. The last evening and this morning were so cloudy that I could 
  neither obtain any Lunar observations nor equal altitudes. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1298-1806-04-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday April 1st 1806 This morning early we dispatched Sergt# Pryor, with 
  two men in a Small canoe up quick sand river with orders to proceed as far 
  as he Could and return this evening. we also Sent a party of three hunters 
  over the river to hunt a large bottom of woodland and prarie above the 
  enterance of Q. Sand River; the ballance of the hunters we Sent out in 
  different directions on this Side of the Columbia, and employed those 
  about Camp in makeing a rope of Elk Skin. 
  = 
  The information given by the indians to us last night respecting quick 
  Sand river was corrobarated by Sundery other indians who visited us in the 
  Course of this day. we were now convinced that if there information be 
  just; that Some Considerable river which flowed into the Columbia on it's 
  South Side below us which we have not yet Seen, as the extensive vally on 
  that Side of the river lying between the mountanious Country of the Coast, 
  and the western mountains must be watered by Some Stream, which we had 
  heretofore Supposed was the quick Sand river. but if it be a fact that 
  Quick Sand river heads in Mount Hood it must leave the vally within a fiew 
  miles of it's enterance, and runs nearly parrilal with the Columbia River 
  upwards. we indeavered to assertained by what Stream the South portion of 
  the Columbian Vally was watered, but could obtain no Satisfactory 
  information of the waters on this head. they inform us that the quick Sand 
  river is not naviagable any distance in consequence of falls and rapids; 
  and that no nation inhabit it. Sergt# Pryor returned in the evening and 
  reported that he had assended the river Six Miles; that above the point 
  which it divides itself into two Chanels, it is about 300 yards wide tho 
  the Chanel is not more than 50 yards, and only 6 feet deep. the other part 
  of the river from 2 to 4 inches water, the bead of this river is formed 
  entirely of quick Sand; its banks are low and at present overflown. the 
  water is turbed and current rapid. The following are the Courses 
  taken by Sergt# Pryor. "S# 10° W# 1 mile to a point on the Lard# Side 
  passing a large island on Stard Side. S 24° E# 2 m# to the head of the 
  island near the Lard Shore. S 33° E 4 m# to a Stard# point passing Several 
  islands on the Lard Side and a Creek 50 yards wide on the Stard# Side at 
  11/2 miles. the river from hence upwards bend to the East. a fall of water 
  heard at no great distance up this river." Several diffirent tribes of 
  indians inform us that it heads at Mount Hood which is in view. 
  = 
  We were visited by Several Canoes of the nativs in the Course of this day; 
  most of whome were decending the river with their womin and children. they 
  inform us that they reside at the great rapids and that their relations at 
  that place were much Streightened for the want of food; that they had 
  consumed their winter Store of dryed fish and those of the present Season 
  had not yet arived. I could not lern whether they took Sturgion but 
  prosume if they do it is in but Small quantities as they complain much of 
  the Scercity of food among them, they informed us that the nativs above 
  them were in the Same Situation, and that they did not expect the Salmon 
  to arrive untill the full of the next moon which happens on the 2nd of 
  May. we did not doubt the veracity of those people who Seamed to be on 
  their way with their families and effects in serch of Subsistence which 
  they find it easy to precure in this fertile Vally. This information givs 
  us much uneasiness with respect to our future means of Subsistence, above 
  the falls, on through the Plains from thence to the Chopunnish there are 
  no Deer Antilopes or Elk on which we could depend for Subsistence; their 
  horses are very poor most probably at this Season, and if they have no 
  fish their dogs must be in the Same Situation. under these circumstances 
  there Seams to be a gloomey prospect for Subsistence on any terms; we 
  therefore took it into Serious Consideration what measure we were to 
  pursue on this Occasion; it was at once deemed inexpedient to waite the 
  arival of the Salmon as that would detain us So long a portion of the 
  Season that it is probable we Should not reach the U States before the ice 
  would close the Missouri; or at all events would hazard our horses which 
  we left in charge of the Chopunnish who informed us that they intended 
  passing the Rocky Mountains to the Missouri as early as the Season would 
  permit them which is about the first of May. Should these people leave 
  their Situation near Kooskooske before our arival we may probably find 
  much dificulty in recovering our horses; without which there will be but 
  little possibility of repassing the Mountains; we are therefore determined 
  to lose as little time as possible in getting to the Cho punnish Village. 
  = 
  at 3 P#M# the hunters who were Sent over the river returned, haveing 
  Killed 4 Elk and 2 Deer; the Elk were in good order but the deer extreemly 
  poor. they informed us that game is very plenty in that quarter. the 
  hunters on this Side of the river also returned but had killed nothing; 
  they Saw a fiew Elk and Deer. there were also much Sign of the black bear 
  Seen on the other Side of the river. we Sent a party to bring in the flesh 
  of the Elk and Deer that were killed. they did not return this evening. We 
  purchased a Canoe from an Indian today for Six fathoms of white wampom; he 
  Seemed Satisfied with his bargin and departed in another Canoe but Shortly 
  after returned and canseled the bargain, took his canoe and returned the 
  beeds. this is frequently the case in their method of tradeing and is 
  deemed fair by them. The last evening and this morning were So cloudy that 
  we could neither obtain any Lunar observations nor equal altitudes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1299-1806-04-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 2ed 1806. This morning we came to a resolution to remain 
  at our present encampment or some where in this neighbourhood untill we 
  had obtained as much dryed meat as would be necessary for our voyage as 
  far as the Chopunnish. to exchange our perogues for canoes with the 
  natives on our way to the great falls of the columbia or purchase such 
  canoes from them for Elkskins and Merchandize as would answer our 
  purposes. these canoes we intend exchanging with the natives of the plains 
  for horses as we proceed untill we obtain as many as will enable us to 
  travel altogether by land. at some convenient point, perhaps at the 
  entrence of the S# E# branch of the Columbia, we purpose sending a party 
  of four or five men a head to collect our horses that they may be in 
  readiness for us by our arrival at the Chopunnish; calculating by thus 
  acquiring a large stock of horses we shall not only sucure the means of 
  transporting our baggage over the mountains but that we will also have 
  provided the means of subsisting; for we now view the horses as our only 
  certain resource for food, nor do we look forward to it with any 
  detestation or borrow, so soon is the mind which is occupyed with any 
  interesting object reconciled to it's situation. The men who were sent in 
  quest of the Elk and deer that were killed yesterday returned at 8 A#M# 
  this morning. we now enformed the party of our intention of laying in a 
  store of meat at this place, and immediately dispatched two parteis 
  consisting of nine men to the opposite side of the river. five of those we 
  sent below the Quicksand river and 4 above. we also sent out three others 
  on this side, and those who remained in camp were employed in collecting 
  wood making a scaffoald and cuting up the meat in order to dry it. about 
  this time several canoes of the natives arrived at our camp and among 
  others one from below which had on board eight men of the Shah~ha~la 
  nation these men informed us that 2 young men whom they pointed out were 
  Cash~hooks and resided at the falls of a large river which discharges 
  itself into the Columbia on it's South side some miles below us. we 
  readily prevailed on them to give us a sketch of this river which they 
  drew on a mat with a coal. it appeared that this river which they called 
  Mult~no~mah discharged itself behind the Island which we called the image 
  canoe Island and as we had left this island to the S# both in ascending 
  and decending the river we had never seen it. they informed us that it was 
  a large river and run a considerable distance to the South between the 
  mountains. Capt# Clark determined to return and examine this river 
  accordingly he took a party of seven men and one of the perogues and set 
  out 1/2 after 11 A#M#, he hired one of the Cashhooks, for a birning glass, 
  to pilot him to the entrance of the Multnomah river and took him on board 
  with him. in their manners dress language and stature these people are the 
  same with the quathlahpohtle nation and others residing in the 
  neighbourhood of wappetoe Island. near the entrance of multnomah river a 
  considerable nation resides on the lower side of that stream by the same 
  name. as many as ten canoes with natives arrived at our camp in the course 
  of the day; most of them were families of men women and children decencing 
  the river. they all gave the same account of the scarcity of provision 
  above. I shot my air gun, with which they were much astonished. one family 
  consisting of ten or twelve persons remained near us all night. they 
  conducted themselves in a very orderly manner. the three hunters on this 
  side of the river returned in the evening they had killed two deer, tho 
  they were so poor and at such a distance from camp that they brought in 
  their skins only. the night and morning being cloudy I was again 
  disappointed in making the observations I wished. 
  = 
  Fir is the common growth of the uplands, as is the cottonwood, ash; large 
  leafed ash and sweet willow that of the bottom lands. the huckleburry, 
  shallon, and the several evergreen shrubs of that speceis which bear 
  burries have seased to appear except that speceis which has the leaf with 
  a prickly margin. among the plants of this prarie in which we are encamped 
  I observe the passhequo, Shannetahque, and compound firn the roots of 
  which the natives eat; also the water cress, strawburry, flowering pea not 
  yet in blume, the sinquefoil, narrow dock, sand rush which are luxuriant 
  and abundant in the river bottoms; a speceis of the bearsclaw of which I 
  preserved a specemine it is in blume. the large leafed thorn has also 
  disappeared. the red flowering currant is found here in considerable 
  quantities on the uplands. the hunters inform me that there are extensive 
  praries on the highlands a few miles back from the river on this side. the 
  land is very fertile. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1300-1806-04-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday April 2nd 1806 This morning we came to a resolution to remain at 
  our present encampment or Some where in this neighbourhood untill we had 
  obtained as much dried meat as would be necessary for our voyage as far as 
  the Chopunnish. to exchange our large Canoes for Small ones with the 
  nativs on our way to the great Falls of the Columbia or purchase Such 
  canoes from them for Elk skins and Merchindize as would answer our 
  purposes. these canoes we intend exchangeing with the nativs of the Plains 
  for horses as we proceed untill we obtain as maney as will enable us to 
  travel altogether by land. at Some convenient point, perhaps at the 
  enterance of Lewis's River we intend Sending a party of 4 or 5 men ahead 
  to Collect our horses that they may be in readiness for us by our arrival 
  at the Chopunnish; Calculating by thus acquireing a large Stock of horses 
  we shall not only Secure the means of transporting our baggage over the 
  Mountains, but that we also have provided the means of Subsisting; for we 
  now view the horses as our only Certain resource for food, nor do we look 
  foward to it with any detestation or horrow, So Soon is the Mind which is 
  occupied with any interesting object, reconsiled to it's Situation. The 
  men who went in quest of the Elk and Deer which were killed yesterday 
  returned at 8 A#M# this morning. we now informed the party of our 
  intention of laying in a Store of meat at this place, and imediately 
  dispatched two parties Consisting of nine men to the opposit Side of the 
  river. 5 of them below and 4 above quick Sand River. we also Sent out 3 
  others on this Side, and those who remained in Camp were employd in 
  Collecting wood makeing a Scaffold and Cutting up the meat in order to dry 
  it. about this time Several Canoes of the nativs arived at our Camp among 
  others two from below with Eight men of the Shah~ha~la Nation those men 
  informed us that they reside on the opposit Side of the Columbia near Some 
  pine trees which they pointed to in the bottom South of the Dimond Island, 
  they Singled out two young men whome they informed us lived at the Falls 
  of a large river which discharges itself into the Columbia on it's South 
  Side Some Miles below us. we readily provailed on them to give us a Sketch 
  of this river which they drew on a Mat with a coal, it appeared that this 
  river which they Call Mult~no'~mah discharged itself behind the Island we 
  call the image Canoe island, and as we had left this Island to the South 
  both in decending & assending the river we had never Seen it. they 
  informed us that it was a large river and runs a Considerable distance to 
  the South between the Mountains. I deturmined to take a Small party and 
  return to this river and examine its Size and Collect as much information 
  of the nativs on it or near its enterance into the Columbia of its extent, 
  the Country which it waters and the nativs who inhabit its banks &c# I 
  took with me Six Men. Thompson J# Potts, Peter Crusat, P# Wiser, T# P# 
  Howard, Jos. Whitehouse & my man York in a large Canoe, with an Indian 
  whome I hired for a Sun glass to accompany me as a pilot. at half past 11 
  A#M# I Set out, and had not proceeded far eer I saw 4 large Canoes at Some 
  distance above decending and bending their Course towards our Camp which 
  at this time is very weak Capt# Lewis haveing only 10 men with him. I 
  hisitated for a moment whether it would not be advisable for me to return 
  and delay untill a part of our hunters Should return to add more Strength 
  to our Camp. but on a Second reflection and reverting to the precautions 
  always taken by my friend Capt Lewis on those occasions banished all 
  apprehensions and I proceeded on down. at 8 miles passed a village on the 
  South side at this place my Pilot informed me he resided and that the name 
  of his tribe is Ne~cha~co~lee, this village is back or to the South of 
  Dimond island, and as we passed on the North Side of the island both 
  decending & assending did not See or know of this Village. I proceeded 
  on without landing at this village. at 3 P#M# I landed at a large double 
  house of the Ne~er~choki~oo tribe of the Shah~ha~la Nation. at this place 
  we had Seen 24 aditional Straw Huts as we passed down last fall and whome 
  as I have before mentioned reside at the Great rapids of the Columbia. on 
  the bank at different places I observed Small Canoes which the women make 
  use of to gather Wappato & roots in the Slashes. those Canoes are from 
  10 to 14 feet long and from 18 to 23 inches wide in the widest part 
  tapering from the center to both ends in this form and about 9 inches deep 
  and So light that a woman may with one hand haul them with ease, and they 
  are Sufficient to Carry a woman an Some loading. I think 100 of those 
  canoes were piled up and Scattered in different directions about in the 
  Woods in the vecinity of this house, the pilot informed me that those 
  Canoes were the property of the inhabitents of the Grand rapids who used 
  them ocasionally to gather roots. I entered one of the rooms of this house 
  and offered Several articles to the nativs in exchange for Wappato. they 
  were Sulkey and they positively refused to Sell any. I had a Small pece of 
  port fire match in my pocket, off of which I cut a pece one inch in length 
  & put it into the fire and took out my pocket Compas and Set myself 
  doun on a mat on one Side of the fire, and a magnet which was in the top 
  of my ink Stand the port fire cought and burned vehemently, which changed 
  the Colour of the fire; with the Magnit I turned the Needle of the Compas 
  about very briskly; which astonished and alarmed these nativs and they 
  laid Several parsles of Wappato at my feet, & begged of me to take out 
  the bad fire; to this I consented; at this moment the match being 
  exhausted was of course extinguished and I put up the magnet &c# this 
  measure alarmed them So much that the womin and children took Shelter in 
  their beads and behind the men, all this time a very old blind man was 
  Speaking with great vehemunce, appearently imploreing his gode. I lit my 
  pipe and gave them Smoke & gave the womin the full amount of the roots 
  which they had put at my feet. they appeared Somewhat passified and I left 
  them and proceeded on on the South Side of Image Canoe Island which I 
  found to be two Islands hid from the opposit Side by one near the Center 
  of the river. the lower point of the upper and the upper point of the 
  lower cannot be Seen from the North Side of the Columbia on which we had 
  passed both decending and ascending and had not observed the apperture 
  between those islands. at the distance of 13 Miles below the last village 
  and at the place I had Supposed was the lower point of the image Canoe 
  island, I entered this river which the nativs had informed us of, Called 
  Mult no mah River so called by the nativs from a Nation who reside on 
  Wappato Island a little below the enterance of this river. Multnomah 
  discharges itself in the Columbia on the S# E# and may be justly Said to 
  be 1/4 the Size of that noble river. Multnomah had fallen 18 inches from 
  it's greatest annual height. three Small Islands are situated in it's 
  mouth which hides the river from view from the Columbia from the enterance 
  of this river, I can plainly See Mt. Jefferson which is high and Covered 
  with snow S# E# Mt. Hood East, Mt St# Helians a high humped Mountain to 
  the East of Mt St# Helians. I also Saw the Mt. Raneer Nearly North. Soon 
  after I arived at this river an old man passed down of the Clark a'mos 
  Nation who are noumerous and reside on a branch of this river which 
  receives it's waters from Mt.,Jefferson which is emensely high and 
  discharges itself into this river one day and a half up, this distance I 
  State at 40 Miles. This nation inhabits 11 Villages their Dress and 
  language is very Similar to the Quath~lah~poh~tle and other tribes on 
  Wappato Island. 
  = 
  The Current of the Multnomar is as jentle as that of the Columbia glides 
  Smoothly with an eavin surface, and appears to be Sufficiently deep for 
  the largest Ship. I attempted fathom it with a Cord of 5 fathom which was 
  the only Cord I had, could not find bottom 1/3 of the distance across. I 
  proceeded up this river 10 miles from it's enterance into the Columbia to 
  a large house on the N E# Side and Encamped near the house, the flees 
  being So noumerous in the house that we could not Sleep in it. this is the 
  house of the Cush~hooks Nation who reside at the falls of this river which 
  the pilot informs me they make use of when they Come down to the Vally to 
  gather Wappato. he also informs me that a number of other Smaller houses 
  are Situated on two Bayous which make out on the S# E# Side a little below 
  the house. this house appears to have been laterly abandoned by its 
  inhabitants in which they had left Sundery articles Such as Small Canoes 
  mats, bladdles of Oil and baskits bowls & trenchers. and as my pilot 
  informed me was gorn up this to the falls to fish which is 2 days or 60 
  miles up. this house is 30 feet wide & presisely 40 feet long. built 
  in the usial form of broad boads Covered with bark. 
  = 
  The course and distance assending the Molt no mar R from it's enterance 
  into the Columbia at the lower point of the 3rd Image Canoe island. viz# 
  = 
  S# 30°W# 2 Miles to the upper point of a Small island in the Middle of 
  Moltnomar river. thence 
  = 
  S# 10° W# 3 miles to a Sluce 80 yards wide which devides Wappato Island 
  from the Main Stard# Side Shore passing a Willow point on the Lard# Side. 
  = 
  S# 60° E# 3 miles to a large Indian house on the Lard Side below Some high 
  pine land. high bold Shore on the Starboard Side. thence 
  = 
  S# 30° E 2 miles to a bend under the high lands on the Stard Side 
  = 
  miles 10 passing a Larborad point. 
  = 
  thence the river bends to the East of S East as far as I could See. at 
  this place I think the wedth of the river may be Stated at 500 yards and 
  Sufficiently deep for a Man of War or Ship of any burthen. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1301-1806-04-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 3rd 1806. Early this morning Joseph Feilds came over and 
  informed me that Reubin Feilds Drewyer and himself had killed four Elk. as 
  the party with me were now but weak and the Indians constantly crouding 
  about our camp, I thought it best to send a few men to dry the meat on the 
  other side of the river; accordingly Sergt Pryor and two men returned with 
  Jos. Fields for that purpose. the hunters were ordered to continue the 
  chase; while the others were employed in drying the meat. I have had no 
  account as yet from the party below the entrance of Quicksand river. The 
  Indians continued to visit us today in considerable numbers most of them 
  were decending the river with their families. these poor people appeared 
  to be almost starved, they picked up the bones and little peices of refuse 
  meat which had been thrown away by the party. they confirm the report of 
  the scarcity of provision among the natives above. I observe some of the 
  men among them who wear a girdle arround the waist between which and the 
  body in front they confine a small skin of the mink or polecat which in 
  some measure conceals the parts of generation, they also frequently wear a 
  cap formed of the skin of the deer's head with the ears left on it, they 
  have some collars of leather wrought with porcupine quills after the 
  method of the Shoshonees. From this place Mount Hood bears S# 85 E# 
  distant 40 miles. This evening we completed drying the flesh of the Elk 
  which had been brought to camp. at 6 P#M# Capt# Clark returned, having 
  completely succeeded in his expedition. he found the entrance of the large 
  river of which the Indians had informed us, just at the upper part of 
  wappetoe Island. the following is a sketch of the rivers furnished Capt C# 
  by an old and inteligent Indian man. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1302-1806-04-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday April 3rd 1806 The water had fallen in the course of last night 
  five inches. I Set out and proceeded up a Short distance and attempted a 
  Second time to fathom the river with my cord of 5 fathom but could find no 
  bottom. the mist was So thick that I could See but a Short distance up 
  this river. where I left it, it was binding to the East of S# E# being 
  perfectly Sati'fyed of the Size and magnitude of this great river which 
  must Water that vast tract of Country betwen the Western range of 
  mountains and those on the Sea coast and as far S# as the Waters of 
  Callifornia about Latd# 37° North I deturmined to return. at 7 oClock A#M# 
  Set out on my return. the men exirted themselves and we arived at the Ne 
  er cho ki oo house in which the nativs were So illy disposed yesterday at 
  11 A#M# I entered the house with a view to Smoke with those people who 
  Consisted of about 8 families, finding my presence alarmed them So much 
  that the children hid themselves, womin got behind their men, and the men 
  hung their heads, I detained but a fiew minits and returnd on board the 
  canoe. My pilot who Continued in the Canoe informed me on my return that 
  those people as well as their relations were very illy disposed and bad 
  people. I proceeded on along the South Side met five canoes of the 
  Shah~ha~la Nation from the Great rapids with their wives and Children 
  decending the Columbia into this fertile Vally in pursute of provisions. 
  my Pilot informed me in a low voice that those people were not good, and I 
  did not Suffer them to come along Side of my Canoe which they appeared 
  anxious to do. their numbers in those canoes who appeard anxious to come 
  along Side was 21 men and 3 boys. at 3 P M# we arived at the residence of 
  our Pilot which consists of one long house with Seven appartments or rooms 
  in Square form about 30 feet each room opening into a passage which is 
  quit through the house those passages are about 4 feet in width and formed 
  of Wide boads Set on end in the ground and reaching to the Ruff which 
  Serves also as divisions to the rooms. The ground plot is in this form 1 1 
  1 1 is the passages. 2 2 &c# is the apartments about 30 feet square. 
  this house is built of bark of the White Cedar Supported on long Stiff 
  poles resting on the ends of broad boads which form the rooms &c# back 
  of this house I observe the wreck of 5 houses remaining of a very large 
  Village, the houses of which had been built in the form of those we first 
  Saw at the long narrows of the E~lute Nation with whome those people are 
  connected. I indeavored to obtain from those people of the Situation of 
  their nation, if scattered or what had become of the nativs who must have 
  peopled this great town. an old man who appeared of Some note among them 
  and father to my guide brought foward a woman who was badly marked with 
  the Small Pox and made Signs that they all died with the disorder which 
  marked her face, and which She was verry near dieing with when a Girl. 
  from the age of this woman this Distructive disorder I judge must have 
  been about 28 or 30 years past, and about the time the Clatsops inform us 
  that this disorder raged in their towns and distroyed their nation. Those 
  people Speak a different language from those below tho in their dress 
  habits and manners &c# they differ but little from the 
  Quathlahpohtles. theire women ware the truss as those do of all the 
  nations risideing from the quathlahpohtle to the enterance of Lewis's 
  river and on the Columbia above for Some distance. those people have Some 
  words the Same with those below but the air of their language is entirely 
  different, their men are Stouter and much better made, and their womin 
  ware larger & longer robes than those do below; those are most 
  commonly made of Deer Skins dressed with the hair on them. they pay great 
  attention to their aged Severall men and women whom I observed in this 
  village had arived at a great age, and appeared to be helthy tho blind. I 
  provailed on an old man to draw me a Sketch of the Multnomar River ang 
  give me the names of the nations resideing on it which he readily done, 
  See draft on the other Side and gave me the names Of 4 nations who reside 
  on this river two of them very noumerous. The first is Clark a~mus nation 
  reside on a Small river which takes its rise in Mount Jefferson and falls 
  into the Moltnomar about 40 miles up. this nation is noumerous and inhabit 
  11 Towns. the 2d is the Cush~hooks who reside on the N E# Side below the 
  falls, the 3rd is the Char~cowah who reside above the Falls on the S W# 
  Side neether of those two are noumerous. The fourth Nation is the 
  Cal~lar~po~e~wah which is very noumerous & inhabit the Country on each 
  Side of the Multnomar from its falls as far up as the knowledge of those 
  people extend. they inform me also that a high mountain passes the 
  Multnomar at the falls, and above the Country is an open plain of great 
  extent. 
  = 
  I purchased 5 dogs of those people for the use of their Oil in the Plains, 
  and at 4 P M left the Village and proceeded on to Camp where I joind Capt# 
  Lewis 
  = 
  The enterance of Multnomah river is 142 miles up the Columbia river from 
  its enterance into the Pacific Ocean. in my absence and Soon after I left 
  camp Several Canoes of men women and Children came to the camp. and at one 
  time there was about 37 of those people in Camp Capt Lewis fired his Air 
  gun which astonished them in Such a manner that they were orderly and kept 
  at a proper distance dureing the time they Continued with him ¬ as 
  maney as 10 Canoes arrived at Camp in the Course of this day. they all 
  Seem to give the Same account of the Scercity of Provisions above. one 
  family Continued all night and behaved themselves in a very orderly 
  manner. 
  = 
  on the 3rd Joseph Field returned from the woods and informed the Drewyer 
  Rubin & himself had killed four Elk. Capt L# Sent Sergt# Pryor and two 
  men with Joseph Field to dry the flesh of the Elk in the woods on 
  Scaffolds with fire. the party bilow quick Sand river did not return to 
  day. The Indians continue to vist our Camp in Considerable number from 
  above with their families. these pore people appeared half Starved. they 
  picked up the bones and little refuse meat which had been thrown away by 
  the party. Capt L had the flesh of the 4 Elk which was killed on the 1st 
  inst# dried ¬ Some of the men of the nativs who visited Capt Lewis 
  wore a girdle, with a Small Skin in front and a Cap of the Skin of the 
  deers head &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1303-1806-04-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 4th 1806. This morning early we sent Sergt# Ordway in Surch 
  of Sergt# Gass and party below the entrance of the Quicksand river fom 
  whom we have yet had no report. in the course of a few hours both parties 
  returned. Sergt# Gass and party brought the flesh of a bear and some 
  venison. they informed us that they had killed an Elk and six deer tho the 
  flesh of the greater part of those animals was so meagre that it was unfit 
  for uce and they had therefore left it in the woods. Collins who had 
  killed the bear, found the bed of another in which there were three young 
  ones; and requested to be permitted to return in order to waylay the bed 
  and kill the female bear; we permitted him to do so; Sergt# Gass and 
  Windsor returned with him. Several parties of the natives visit us today 
  as usual both from above and below; those who came from above were moving 
  with their families, and those from below appeared to be empeled mearly by 
  curiossity to see us. About noon we dispatched Gibson Shannon Howard and 
  Wiser in one of the light canoes, with orders to proceed up the Columbia 
  to a large bottom on the South side about six miles above us and to hunt 
  untill our arrival. late in the evening Joseph Fields and Drewyer 
  returned. they had killed two deer yesterday, and informed us that the 
  meat would be dryed by midday tomorrow. we directed Drewyer and the two 
  Feildses to ascend the river tomorrow to join Gibson and party, and hunt 
  untill our arrival. this evening being fair I observed time and distance 
  of Ys Eastern Limb from regulus with Sextant. k West. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1304-1806-04-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday April 4th 1806. Mouth of quick Sand River This morning early we 
  Sent Sergt# Ordway in Serch of Sergt# Gass and party below the enterance 
  of quick Sand river from whome we have yet had no report. in the Course of 
  a fiew hours both parties returned. Sergt# Gass and party brought the 
  Flesh of a Bear, and Some venison. they informed us they had killed an Elk 
  and Six Deer tho the flesh of the greater part of those Animals were So 
  Meagre that it was unfit for uce, and they had therefore left it in the 
  woods. Collins who had killed the Bear, found the bead of another in which 
  there was three young ones; and requested to be permited to return in 
  order to waylay the bed and kill the female bear; we permited him to do 
  So; Sergt# Gass and Windser returned with him. Several parties of the 
  nativs visit us to day as usial both from above and below; those who came 
  from above were moveing with their families, and those from below appeared 
  to be impeled mearly by curiosity to See us. About noon we dispatched 
  Gibson, Shannon, Howard & Wiser in one of the light Canoes, with 
  orders to proceed up the Columbia to a large bottom on the South Side 
  about Six Miles above us and there to hunt untill our arrival. late in the 
  evening Jos Fields and Drewyer returned with a load of dried meat. they 
  had killed two deer yesterday and informed us that the meat would be dryed 
  by Mid~day tomorrow. We directed Drewyer and Field's to assend the river 
  tomorrow and join Gibson & party, and hunt untill our arrival. this 
  evening being fair observed time and distance of moon's Eastern Limb from 
  regulus with Sextant * West 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1305-1806-04-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 5th 1806. This morning was so cloudy that I could not 
  obtain any lunar observations with a Aquila as I wished. Joseph Fields and 
  Drewyer departed this morning agreeably to their orders of last evening. 
  at 9 A#M# we Sent Sergt# Ordway and a party to assist Sergt# Pryor in 
  bringing in the meat of four Elk which he had dryed. at 1 P# M the party 
  returned with the meat. it had been so illy dryed that we feared it would 
  not keep. we therefore directed it to be cut thinner and redryed over a 
  fire this evening, as we purpose setting out early in the morning. the 
  deerskins which we have had cased for the purpose of containing our dryed 
  meat are not themselves sufficiently dryed for that purpose, we directed 
  them to be dryed by the fire also. the weather has been so damp that there 
  was no possibility of pounding the meat as I wished. we were visited 
  today by several parties of the natives as usual; they behaved themselves 
  in a very orderly manner. Observed Magnetic Azimuth and altitude of the 
  sun with Circumferenter and Sextant. 
  = 
  Saw the Log cock, the hummingbird, gees ducks &c today. the tick has 
  made it's appearance it is the same with those of the Atlantic States. the 
  Musquetoes have also appeared but are not yet troublesome. this 
  morning at 10 OClock Sergt# Gass returned with Collins and Windsor they 
  had not succeeded in killing the female bear tho they brought the three 
  cubs with them. the Indians who visited us today fancyed these petts and 
  gave us wappetoe in exchange for them. Drewyer informed me that he never 
  knew a female bear return to her young when they had been allarmed by a 
  person and once compelled to leave them. The dogwood grows abundantly on 
  the uplands in this neighbourhood. it differs from that of the United 
  States in the appearance of it's bark which is much smoother, it also 
  arrives here to much greater size than I ever observed it elsewhere 
  sometimes the stem is nearly 2 feet in diameter. we measured a fallen tree 
  of fir No 1 which was 318 feet including the stump which was about 6 feet 
  high. this tree was only about 31/2 feet in diameter. we saw the martin, 
  small gees, the small speckled woodpecker with a white back, the Blue 
  crested Corvus, ravens, crows, eagles Vultures and hawks. the mellow bug 
  and long leged spider have appeared, as have also the butterfly blowing 
  fly and many other insects. I observe not any among them which appear to 
  differ from those of our country or which deserve particular notice. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1306-1806-04-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday April 5th 1806. This morning was So Cloudy that we could not 
  obtain any lunar observations with a Aquila as we wished. 
  = 
  Joseph Field & Drewrey left us this morning agreeably to their orders 
  of last evening. at the Same time we Sent Sergt# Ordway and five men to 
  assist Sergt# Pryor in bringing in the meat of four Elk which he had dried 
  in the woods. at 1 p#m# the party returned with the meat. it was not 
  Sufficiently dryed to keep. we had it cut thiner and redryed over a fire 
  this evening, as we purpose Setting out early in the morning. the dear 
  skins which we had cased for the purpose of holding our dried meat is not 
  Sufficently dry for that purpose, we derected them to be dried by the fire 
  also. the weather being So damp that there was no possibullity of pounding 
  the meat as I wished. We were visited by Several parties of the 
  nativs to day; they behaved themselves in a very orderly manner. 
  = 
  Saw the Log cock, the humming bird, Geese, Ducks &c# to day. the tick 
  has made it's appearance it is the Same with those of the Atlantic States. 
  the Musquetors have also appeared, but are not yet much troublesom. this 
  morning at 10 A M Sergt# Gass returned with Collins and Windser they had 
  not Succeeded in killing the female bear, tho they brought the three cub's 
  with them. the Indians who visited us to day fancied those Petts and gave 
  us wappato in exchange for them. Fir and White Cedar is the common growth 
  of the up lands, as is the Cotton wood, ash, large leafed Ash and Sweet 
  Willow that of the bottom lands. The Huckleberry, shallon, and the Several 
  evergreen Shrubs, of that Speces that bears berries have Seased to appear, 
  except that Species which has the leaf with a prickley Margin. among the 
  plants of this prarie in which we are encamped I observe the pashequo, 
  Shannetahque, and Compound firn, the root of which the nativs eate; also 
  the water cress, Straw berry flowering pea not yet in blume, narrow dock, 
  and rush which are luxuriant and abundent in the river bottoms. the large 
  leafed thorn has also disappeard. The red flowering Current is found here 
  in considerable quantities on the upland, and the Common Dog wood is found 
  on either Side of the river in this neighbourhood and above Multnomah 
  river. The Country on either Side is fertile, the bottom on the South Side 
  is wide and inter sperced with Small ponds in which the nativs gather 
  their Wappato. back of this bottom the Country rises to about 200 feet and 
  the Soil is very rich as that also above q Sandy river quite to the 
  Mountains. the Country on the N# Side from a fiew Miles above this place 
  as low down as the enterance of Cah~wah~na~ki~ooks River rises to the 
  hight generally of 150 or 200 feet is tolerably leavel, thickly timbered 
  with Fir and White Cedar. the Soil of the richest quallity. Some Small 
  Praries on the bank of the river. That portion of Country below as low 
  down as the enterance of Cah~wah na ki ooks River is a broken rich 
  Country. the hills are high, the bottom lands as before mentioned and 
  fertile &c# ¬ The Country a fiew miles up the Multnomah River rises from 
  the river bottoms to the hight of from 2 to 300 feet and is rich & 
  fertile. Some Plains can be Seen to the N# E# of our Camp of 10 or 12 
  miles in Secumference The Hunters & Serjt Pryor informed us that they 
  had Measured a tree on the upper Side of quick Sand River 312 feet long 
  and about 4 feet through at the Stump. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1307-1806-04-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 6th 1806. This morning we had the dryed meat secured in skins 
  and the canoes loaded; we took breakfast and departed at 9 A#M# we 
  continued up the N# side of the river nearly to the place at which we had 
  encamped on the 3rd of Nov. when we passed the river to the south side in 
  quest of the hunters we had sent up yesterday and the day before. from the 
  appearance of a rock near which we had encamped on the 3rd of November 
  last I could judge better of the rise of the water than I could at any 
  point below. I think the flood of this spring has been about 12 feet 
  higher than it was at that time; the river is here about 11/2 miles wide; 
  it's general width from the beacon rock which may be esteemed the head of 
  tide water, to the marshey islands is from one to 2 miles tho in many 
  places it is still wider. it is only in the fall of the year when the 
  river is low that the tides are persceptable as high as the beacon rock. 
  this remarkable rock which stands on the North shore of the river is 
  unconnected with the hills and rises to the hight of seven hundred feet; 
  it has some pine or reather fir timber on it's nothern side, the southern 
  is a precipice of it's whole hight. it rises to a very sharp point and is 
  visible for 20 miles below on the river. at the distance of ten miles from 
  our encampment we met with our hunters in the upper end of the bottom to 
  which we had directed them on the South side of the river. they had killed 
  three Elk this morning and wounded two others so badly that they expected 
  to get them. we therefore determined to encamp for the evening at this 
  place in order to dry the meat, in surch of which we sent a party 
  immediately and employed others in preparing scaffoalds and collecting 
  firewood &c against their return. we found some indians with our 
  hunters when we arrived; these people are constantly hanging about us. As 
  has been before mentioned Capt C set out with a party of seven men on 2ed 
  inst# in surch of the entrance of the Multnomah river. he departed at 1/2 
  after 11 A# M and directed his course along the Southern side of the 
  river. at the distance of 8 miles he passed the village of the 
  Na~cha~co~lee tribe of the E~lute Nation; this village is not large and 
  being situated on the main shore opposite to and S# of the Diamond Island 
  it was concealed by that island from our view both ascending and decending 
  the Columbia as we passed near the Northern shore. Capt C# passed this 
  village without halting and continued his rout untill 3 P#M# when he 
  arrived at a large double house of the Ne~er~cho~ki~oo tribe of the 
  Shah'ha~la nation; at this place we had seen 24 additional straw and bark 
  huts as we passed down last fall, the inhabitants of which as I have 
  before mentioned reside at the great rapids of the Columbia river. about 
  this place in different directions Capt C# saw a great number of small 
  canoes lying scattered on the bank. these small canoes are employed by the 
  women in collecting wappetoe; with one of these a woman enters a pond 
  where the Sagitaria Sagittifolia grows frequently to her breast in water 
  and by means of her toes and feet breakes the bulb of this plant loos from 
  the parent radicle and disincumbering it from the mud it immediately rises 
  to the surface of the water when she seizes it and throws it into her 
  canoe which she always keeps convenient to her. they will remain in the 
  water for hours together in surch of this bulb in middle of winter. those 
  canoes are from 10 to 14 feet in length, from 18 to 23 inches in width 
  near the middle tapering or becoming narrower towards either extremity and 
  9 inches deep their form is thus. they are so light that a woman can draw 
  them over land or take them with ease through the swamps in any direction, 
  and are sufficient to carry a single person and several bushells of roots. 
  Capt# Clarks pilot informed him that the small canoes which he saw in the 
  vicinity of this lodge were the property of the Shah~ha~las who used them 
  occasionally when they visit this neighbourhood for the purpose of 
  collecting roots. while at this place Capt C# entered one of the 
  appartments of the house and offered several articles to the natives in 
  exchange for wappetoe, they appeared to be in an ill humour and positively 
  refused to let him have any. Capt# C# sat himself down near the fire and 
  having a part of a portfire match in his pocket cut of a small peice of it 
  and threw it in the fire; at the same time he took out his pocket compass 
  and by means of a magnet which he had in the top of his inkstand he turned 
  the nedle of the compass about very briskly; the match took fire and 
  birned vehemently; the indians astonished and allarmed at these 
  exhibitions, ran and brought several parcels of wappetoe and laid at his 
  feet and begged that he would put out the bad fire; to this he consented; 
  at this moment the match being exhausted was of course extenguished and he 
  put up his compass & magnet. they were now much more complisant, tho 
  the women and children were yet so much allarmed that they took refuge in 
  their beads and behing the men who were seting opposite to Capt# C# during 
  the whole of this farcical seen an old man who was seting by continued to 
  speak with great vehemence apparently imploring his god for protection. 
  Capt# C# gave them an adiquate compensation for their roots and having 
  lighted his pipe smoaked with the men. they appeared in a great measure to 
  get the better of their allarm and he left them and continued his rout 
  along the south side of Image canoe Island which he found to be three 
  islands, the one in the center concealing the apperture between the two 
  others in such manner that from the north side of the river where we have 
  previously passed they all appeared to form one island only. at the 
  distance of 13 miles below the village just mentioned, and at the lower 
  point of what we have heretofore deemed the image canoe Island, Capt C# 
  entered the Multnomah river so called by the natives from a nation of that 
  name who reside on wappetoe island a little below the entrance of this 
  river? Multnomah river discharges itself on the S# side of the Columbia 
  140 miles above the entrance of the latter into the Pacific Ocean, and may 
  be justly esteemed one fourth of that noble river. Capt# C# found that 
  this river had attained it's greatest annual hight and had now fallen 
  about 18 inches. it has three small islands in it's mouth which conceal 
  the river from the view of those who pass with the stream of the Columbia. 
  from the Columbia at the entrance of the Multonomah river Mount Jefferson 
  bears S# E# this is a noble mountain. I think equally as high as Mount St# 
  Helines but it's distance being much greater than that of the latter, so 
  great a portion of it dose not appear above the range of mountains which 
  lie betwen boath those stupendious mountains and this point of view. like 
  mount St# Heleans it's figure is a regular cone and is covered with 
  eternal snow. M# St# Heleans from the same point boar N  ¿¿ , Mount Hood 
  due East, and Mount Raniei nearly North. there is also a very high humped 
  mountain a little to the East of Mount St# Heleans which appears to lie in 
  the same chain with those conic pointed mountains before mentioned. soon 
  after Capt Clark entered the Multnomah river he was met by an old Indian 
  man alone in a canoe decending the river, the pilot had some conversation 
  with him and informed Capt# C# that this was a man of the Clark~a'~mas 
  nation who are numerous and inhabit eleven vilages on either side of a 
  river of the same name which has it's source in Mount Jefferson and after 
  tranversing a woody and fertile country discharges itself into the 
  Multnomah river on it's E# side at the distance of about 40 miles from 
  it's junction with the Columbia. the Clarkamas river is navigable for 
  canoes a great distance, from the Indian account almost to the foot of 
  mount, Jefferson. the nation who inhabit it's borders live principally on 
  fish with which this stream abounds and also on roots which they procure 
  on it's borders. they sometimes also come down to the Multnomah and 
  Columbia in surch of Wappatoe. they do not differ essentially in their 
  language dress &c from the Quathlahpohtles and others in the vicinity 
  of wappetoe island. The current of the Multnomah river is as gentle as 
  that of the Columbia, glides smoothly with an even surface, and appears to 
  possess sufficient debth for the largest ship. Capt# C# attempted to sound 
  it with a cord of 5 fathoms which was the longest in his possession but 
  could not find bottom at this debth for at least one third of the width of 
  the river. Capt# C# ascended this river ten miles to a large wood house on 
  the East side of the river, near which he encamped for the evening; the 
  house being infested with such swarms of flees that they could not remain 
  in it. this his guide informed him was the house of the Cush~hooks nation 
  who reside just below the falls of the Multnomah river and who 
  occasionally reside at this place for the purpose of collecting wappetoe. 
  at present this house appeared to have been lately abandoned by the 
  natives who had left therein exposed to every visiter various articles 
  such as small canoes, mats, bladders of train oil, baskets, bowls and 
  trenchers. this is a strong evidence of the honesty of the natives with 
  rispect to the property of each other, but they have given us several 
  evidences that they do not pay the same rispect to the property of white 
  men. his guide further informed him that there were a number of small 
  houses belonging to the last mentioned nation situated on two bayous which 
  make out of the river a little above this large hose on the East side; 
  that the inhabitants of these as well as those of the large house had gone 
  up to the falls of the Multnomah river for the purpose of taking fish. 
  these falls are situated at the distance of 2 days travel from the 
  junction of the Multnomah and Columbia rivers agreeably to the Indian 
  account which we have estimated at 60 miles or 20 m# above the entrance of 
  Clarkamus river. Capt C# took the dementions of the hose of the 
  Ne~mal~quin~ner tribe of the Cushhooks nation near which he encamped on 
  the 2ed inst# and found it presisely thirty feet by 40 squar constructed 
  with broad boards and covered with the bark of the white cedar or 
  arborvita; the floor is on a level with the surface of the earth and the 
  internal arrangement is similar to those of the natives of the Sea coast. these 
  people carry on a trafic with the Killamucks of the coast across the 
  mountains and by way of the Killamucks river from the Killamucks they 
  obtain their train oil. The courses and distances taken by Capt# Clark in 
  ascending the Multnomah river from it's junction with the Columbia river, 
  commencing at the lower extremity of the Image canoe Islands are as 
  follows. (viz) S# 30° W# 4 m# to the upper point of a small island in the 
  center of Multnomah river. thence S 10° W# 3 m# to a sluce 80 yds# wide on 
  Stard# which dividing wappetoe Island from the main land discharges itself 
  into wappetoe inlet passed a willow point on Lard# S# 60° W# 3 ms# to a 
  large indian house on the Lard# side, just below some high fir land the 
  shore is bold and high on Stard# side. S 30° E# 2 ms# to the center of a 
  bend under The highlands on Stard# side, passing a Lard# point; from hence 
  the river directed it's course to the E# of S# E# as far as Capt# C# could 
  perceive it. at this place the Multnomah river is 500 yds# wide and 
  sufficiently deep to admit the largest ship. the river appears to be 
  washing away it's banks in some places, and has more sandbars and willow 
  points than the Columbia.On the morning of the 3rd inst# Capt# Clark 
  observed that the water had fallen in the course of the night about 5 
  inches. he set out early and proceeded up the river a short distance few 
  miles and attempted a second time to fathom it but with the same success 
  as before he could nt find bottom with his cord of 5 fathoms for the 
  distance of half the width of the stream. Capt C# having fully satisfyed 
  himself of the magnitude of this great river he set out on his return at 7 
  A#M# I have but little doubt but that this river waters a vast tract of 
  country lying between the Western mountains and the mountainous country of 
  the sea coast extending as far south as the waters of the gulph of 
  Callifornia or about Latitude 37° North. at 11 A#M# Capt# C# arrived at 
  the Ne~er~cho~ki~oo house where he had allarmed the inhabtants yesterday. 
  he halted here a few minutes to smoke with these people who consisted of 
  eight families. he found that his presents excited fresh allarm 
  particularly among the women and children who hid themselves and took 
  refuge behind the men as yesterday; the men held down their heads and 
  seemed much conserned; he therefore remained in the house but a few 
  minutes, returned to his canoe and pursued his rout. his pilot now 
  informed him that these people as well as their relations at the falls of 
  the Columbia were illy disposed bad men. soon after he set out he met five 
  canoes on board of which there were as many families of the Shah~ha~la 
  nation decending the river in surch of subsistence. they were extreemly 
  anxious to come along side, but he forbid their doing so as their number 
  was too considerable there being 21 men on board these canoes. his pilot 
  told him that they were mischevous bad men. at 3 P#M# he arrived at the 
  present residence of his pilot on the South side of the river opposite the 
  Diamond Island. here he halted about an hour he found this house very 
  large; it consisted of seven appartments in one range above ground each 
  about 30 feet square. the entrances to these appartments were from 
  passages which extended quite across the house, about 4 feet wide and 
  formed like the walls of the hose of broad boards set on end extending 
  from beneath the floor to the roof of the house. the apperture or hole 
  through which they enter all those wooden houses are remarkably small not 
  generally more than 3 feet high and about 22 inches wide. the ground plot 
  of the Nechecolee house is thus 1 1 1 1 the passages of 4 feet and 2 2 
  &c# the appartments of 30 feet square. this house is covered with the 
  bark of the white cedar, laid on in a double course, supported by rafters 
  and longitudinal round poles attatched to the rafters with cores of this 
  bark. the peices of the cedar bark extend the whole length of the side of 
  the roof and jut over at the eve about 18 inches. at the distance of 18 
  inches transverse splinters of dry fir is inserted through the cedar bark 
  in order to keep it smooth and prevent it's edges from colapsing by the 
  heat of the sun; in this manner the natives make a very secure light and 
  lasting roof of this bark. in the vicinity of this house Capt# Clark 
  observed the remains of five other large houses which appeared to have 
  been sunk in the ground several feet and built after the method of those 
  of the Elutes nation at the great narrows of the columbia with whom these 
  people claim affinity. their language is the same with the Elutes, tho in 
  their habits, dress manners &c they differ but little from the 
  Quathlahpohtles and others in this neighborhood. they make use of some 
  words common to their neighbours but the air of their language is entirely 
  different. they are much better formed and their men larger than the 
  nations below. their women wear larger and longer robes which are made 
  principally of deerskins dressed in the hair. they pay great rispect to 
  their aged persons. Capt# C# observed several persons of both sexes who 
  appeared to have arrived to great age yet they appeared perfectly healthy 
  tho most of them perfectly blind. the loss of sight I have observed to be 
  more common among all the nations inhabiting this river than among any 
  people I ever observed. they have almost invariably soar eyes at all 
  stages of life. the loss of an eye is very common among them; blindness in 
  perdsons of middle age is by no means uncommon, and it is almost 
  invariably a concommitant of old age. I know not to what cause to 
  attribute this prevalent deficientcy of the eyes except it be their 
  exposure to the reflection of the sun on the water to which they are 
  constantly exposed in the occupation of fishing. Capt# C# enquired of the 
  Nechecole the cause of the decline of their village. an old man who 
  appeared to be of some note among them and the father of his guide brought 
  forward a woman who was much marked with the small pox, and made signs 
  that the inhabitants of those houses which he saw in ruins had all died 
  with the disorder which marked the face of the woman and with which this 
  woman was very near dying when a girl. from the apparent age of the woman 
  Capt# C# supposed that it was about 28 or 30 years since this disorder had 
  prevailed among these people. this is about the time which we have 
  supposed that it prevailed among the Clatsops and others of the coast. 
  Capt C# now prevailed on this old man to give him a sketch of the 
  Multnomah river it's branches and the position and names of the Indian 
  nations residing thereon this the old man son executed with his finger in 
  the dust. (see scetch inserted on the 3rd inst#). he informed that the 
  Cush~hooks and Char~cow~ah nations who reside at the falls of that river 
  were not numerous; but that the Cal~lah~po~e~wah nation who inhabited both 
  sides of this river above the falls as far as it was known to himself or 
  his nation were very numerous. that the country they inhabited was level 
  and wholy destitute of timber. that a high range of mountains passed the 
  Multnomah river at the falls, on the upperside of which the country was 
  one vast plain. the nations who inhabit this country reside on the rivers 
  and subsist like those of the Columbia on fish and roots principally. Capt 
  C# bought five dogs of these people and set out for my camp at 5 P#M# 
  where he arrived a little before dark, on the evening of the third. the 
  party whom we sent for the flesh of the Elk which Shannon had killed 
  returned in the evening with that of four, one had by some mistake been 
  omitted. Drewyer and shannon found the two wounded Elk and had killed 
  them. we set all hands at work to prepare the meat for the saffoald they 
  continued their operations untill late at night. we directed Shannon to go 
  out early in the morning with a party to bring in the Elk which had been 
  left last evening in mistake. we also directed Drewyer and the two 
  Feildses to ascend the river early in the morning to a small bottom a few 
  miles above and hunt untill our arrival. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1308-1806-04-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday April 6th 1806. Two Indians Came last night very late to our Camp 
  and continued all night. early we had all the meat packed up and our 
  Canoes loaded ready for to Set out and after an early brackfast at which 
  time all things were ready and we Set out and proceeded to the Camp of 
  Gibson & party about 9 miles, they had killed 3 Elk at no great 
  distance and Wounded two others so badly that we expect to precure them. 
  Sent a party of Six men with Shannon who had killed the Elk to bring in 
  the Elk, and formed a Camp, near which we had a Scaffold made ready to dry 
  the meat as Soon as it Should arive. Reubin Field killed a bird of the 
  Quail kind or Class which was whistleing near our Camp it is larger than 
  the quail or partridge as they are Called Kentucky and Virginia. it's form 
  is presisely that of our partridge tho its plumage differs in every part. 
  the upper part of the head, Sides and back of the neck, including the 
  Croop and about of the under part of the body is of a bright dove coloured 
  blue, under neath the under beak, as high as the lower edge of the eye, 
  and back as far as the hinder part of the eyes and thence comeing down to 
  a point in the front of the neck about 2/3rd of it's length downwards, is 
  of a fine dark brick red. between this brick red and the dove colour there 
  runs a narrow Stripe of pure white. the ears are covered with some coarse 
  dark brown feathers. just at the base of the under chap there is a narrow 
  transvirce Stripe of white. from the crown of the head two long round 
  feathers extend backwards nearly in the direction of the beak and are of a 
  black Colour. the length of these feathers is 21/2 inches. one overlais 
  and Conseals the other which is Somewhat Shorter and Seems to be raped in 
  the plumage of that in front which folding backwards colapses behing and 
  has a round appearance. the tail is composed of 12 dark brown feathers of 
  nearly equal length. the large feathers of the wings are of a dark brown 
  & are reather Short in purpotion to the body of the bird. in this 
  respect very Similar to the partridge. the covert of the wings and back 
  are of a dove Colour with a Slight admixture of redish brown. a wide 
  Stripe which extends from Side to Side of the body and occupies the lower 
  region of the breast is beautifully varigated with the brick red white 
  & black which perdominates in the order they are mentioned and the 
  Colours mark the feathers transversely. the legs are covered with feathers 
  as low as the Knee; these feathers are of dark brown tiped with a dark 
  brick red as are also those between and about the joining of the legs with 
  the body. the foot is presisely that of the Common partridge except that 
  they are as also the legs white. the upper beak is Short, wide at it's 
  base, black, convex, curved downwards and reather obtusely pointed. it 
  exceeds the under chap considerably which is of a white colour, also 
  convex under neath and obtusely pointed. the nostrils are remarkably 
  Small, placed far back and low down on the Sides of the beak. they are 
  covered by a thin proterant elastic, black leather like Substance. the 
  eyes are of a uniform pierceing black colour. this is a most butifull bird 
  I preserved the Skin of this bird retaining the wings feet & head 
  which I hope will give a just Idea of the bird. it's loud note is Single 
  and Consists of a loud Squall, intirely different from the whistling of 
  our partridge or quailes. it has a chiping note when allarmed like our 
  partridge. to day there was a Second of those birds killed which 
  presisely resembles that just discribed. I believe those to be the mail 
  bird the female, if so, I have not yet Seen. . 
  = 
  at 6 P#M# Shannon and party returned with the flesh of five Elk. the two 
  he had wounded in the morning he found dead near the place he had Shot 
  them. we had the meat cut into thin pices and Scaffored with a fire under 
  it to dry out, which we expect in the course of the night Can be effected. 
  four Indians from the great rapids visited us to day and Continued all 
  day. they give the Same account of the Scercity of provisions above the 
  falls as has already been given by others. This Supply of Elk I think by 
  useing economey and in addition of roots and dogs which we may probably 
  precure from he Nativs on Lewis's river will be Sufficient to last us to 
  the Chopunnish where we Shall Meet with our horses. and near which place 
  there is Some deer to be precured. 
  = 
  Frazer killed a pheasent of the Common kind. Jos. Field killed a vulture 
  of that Speces already discribed. in the evening late the Indians left us 
  and returned to their village. we detected that fires be kept under the 
  meat all night. and tha Drewyer and the two Fields proceed on to the next 
  bottom and hunt untill we Should arive. 9 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1309-1806-04-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 7th 1806. This morning early the flesh of the remaining Elk 
  was brought in and Drewyer with the Feildses departed agreeably to the 
  order of the last evening. we employed the party in drying the meat today 
  which we completed by the evening, and we had it secured in dryed Elkskins 
  and put on board in readiness for an early departure. we were visited 
  today by several parties of indians from a village about 8 miles above us 
  of the Sahhalah nation. I detected one of them in steeling a peice of lead 
  and sent him from camp. I hope we have now a sufficient stock of dryed 
  meat to serve us as far the Chopunnish provided we can obtain a few dogs 
  horses and roots by the way. in the neighbourhood of the Chopunnish we can 
  procure a few deer and perhaps a bear or two for the mountains. last 
  evening Reubin Fields killed a bird of the quail kind it is reather larger 
  than the quail, or partridge as they are called in Virginia. it's form is 
  precisely that of our patridge tho it's plumage differs in every part. the 
  upper part of the head, sides and back of the neck, including the croop 
  and about 1/3 of the under part of the body is of a bright dove coloured 
  blue, underneath the under beak, as high as the lower edge of the eyes, 
  and back as far as the hinder part of the eyes and thence coming down to a 
  point in front of the neck about two thirds of it's length downwards, is 
  of a fine dark brick red. between this brick red and the dove colour there 
  runs a narrow stripe of pure white. the ears are covered with some coarse 
  stiff dark brown feathers. just at the base of the under chap there is 
  narrow transverse stripe of white. from the crown of the head two long 
  round feathers extend backwards nearly in the direction of the beak and 
  are of a black colour. the longest of these feathers is two inches and an 
  half, it overlays and conceals the other which is somewhat shorter and 
  seems to be raped in the plumage of that in front which folding backwards 
  colapses behind and has a round appearance. the tail is composed of twelve 
  dark brown feathers of nearly equal length. the large feathers of the 
  wings are of a dark brown and are reather short in proportion to the body 
  of the bird in that rispect very similar to our common partridge. the 
  covert of the wings and back are of a dove colour with a slight admixture 
  of redish brown. a wide stripe which extends from side to side of the body 
  and occupyes the lower region of the breast is beautifully variagated with 
  the brick red white and black which pedominate in the order they are 
  mentioned and the colours mark the feathers transversely. the legs are 
  covered with feathers as low as the knee; these feathers are of a dark 
  brown tiped with the dark brick red as are also those between and about 
  the joining of the legs with the body. they have four toes on each foot of 
  which three are in front and that in the center the longest, those one 
  each side nearly of a length; that behing is also of good length and are 
  all armed with long and strong nails. the legs and feet are white and 
  imbrecated with proportionably large broad scales. the upper beak is 
  short, wide at it's base, black, convex, curved downwards and reather 
  obtusely pointed. it exceeds the under chap considerably which is of a 
  white colour, also convex underneath and obtusely pointed. the nostrils 
  are remarkably small placed far back and low down on the sides of the 
  beak. they are covered by a thin protuberant elastic, black leatherlike 
  substance. the eyes are of a uniform piercing black colour. this is a most 
  beautifull bird. I preserved the skin of this bird retaining the wings 
  feet and head which I hope will give a just idea of the bird. it's loud 
  note is single and consists of a loud squall, intirely different from the 
  whistling of our quales or partridge. it has a cherping note when allarmed 
  something like ours. today there was a second of these birds killed 
  by Capt C# which precisely resembled that just discribed. I believe these 
  to be the male bird the female, if so, I have not yet seen. the day 
  has been fair and weather extreemly pleasant. we made our men exercise 
  themselves in shooting today and regulate their guns found several of them 
  that had their sights moved by accedent, and others that wanted some 
  little alterations all which were compleatly rectifyed in the course of 
  the day. in the evening all the Indians departed for their village. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1310-1806-04-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday April 7th 1806 This morning Drewyer & the two Fields Set out 
  agreeably to their orders of last evening, the remainder of the party 
  employed in drying the flesh of the five Elk killed by Shannon yesterday. 
  which was completed and we had it Secured in dried Shaved Elk Skins and 
  put on board in readiness for our early departure. we were visited by 
  Several parties of Indians from a Village about 12 miles above us of the 
  Sahhalah nation. one of them was detected in Stealing a piece of Lead. I 
  Sent him off imedeately. I hope now we have a Sufficient Stock of dryed 
  meat to Serve us as far as the Chopunnish provided we can obtain a fiew 
  dogs, horses and roots by the way. in the neighbourhood of the Chopunnish 
  under the Rocky Mountains we can precure a fiew deer, and perhaps a Bear 
  or two for the Mountains. 
  = 
  The day has been fair and weather exceedingly pleasent. we made our men 
  exersise themselves in Shooting and regulateing their guns, found Several 
  of them that had their Sights moved by accident, and others that wanted 
  Some little alterations all which were compleated rectified in the Course 
  of the day except my Small rifle, which I found wanted Cutting out. about 
  4 oClock P M all the Indians left us, and returned to their Village. they 
  had brought with them Wappato, & pashequa roots Chapellel cakes, and a 
  Species of Raspberry for Sale, none of which they disposed of as they 
  asked Such enormous prices for those articles that we were not able to 
  purchase any. Drewyer returned down the river in the evening & 
  informed us that the nativs had Sceared all the Elk from the river above. 
  Joseph & reuben Fields had proceeded on further up the river in the 
  canoe, he expected to the village. 
  = 
  I provaled on an old indian to mark the Multnomah R down on the Sand which 
  hid and perfectly Corisponded with the Sketch given me by sundary others, 
  with the addition of a circular mountain which passes this river at the 
  falls and connects with the mountains of the Seacoast. he also lais down 
  the Clark a mos passing a high Conical Mountain near it's mouth on the 
  lower Side and heads in Mount Jefferson which he lais down by raiseing the 
  Sand as a very high mountain and Covered with eternal Snow. the high 
  mountain which this Indian lais down near the enterance of Clark a mos 
  river, we have not Seen as the hills in it's diretion from this vally is 
  high and obscures the Sight of it from us. Mt Jefferson we Can plainly See 
  from the enterance of Multnomah from which place it bears S# E# this is a 
  noble Mountain and I think equally as high or Something higher than Mt. 
  St# Heleansa but its distance being much greater than that of the latter, 
  So great a portion of it does not appear above the range of mountains 
  which lie between both those Stupendious Mountains and the Mouth of 
  Multnomah. like Mt. St# Heleans its figure is a regular Cone and is 
  covered with eturnial Snow. that the Clarkamos nation as also those at the 
  falls of the Multnomah live principally on fish of which those Streams 
  abound and also on roots which they precure on it's borders, they also 
  Sometimes Come down to the Columbia in Serch of Wappato. they build their 
  houses in the Same form with those of the Columbian Vally of wide Split 
  boads and Covered with bark of the White Cedar which is the entire length 
  of the one Side of the roof and jut over at the eve about 18 inches. at 
  the distance of about 18 inches transvers Spinters of dried pine is 
  inserted through the Ceder bark inorder to keep it Smooth and prevent it's 
  edge from Colapsing by the heat of the Sun; in this manner the nativs make 
  a very Secure light and lasting roof of this bark. which we have observed 
  in every Vilege in this Vally as well as those above. this Indian also 
  informed me the multnomah above the falls was Crouded with rapids and 
  thickly inhabited by indians of the Callah~po~e~wah Nation. he informed he 
  had himself been a long way up that river &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1311-1806-04-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 8th 1806. The wind blew so violently this morning that we 
  were obliged to unlode our perogues and canoes, soon after which they 
  filled with water. being compelled to remain during the day at our present 
  station we sent out some hunters in order to add something to our stock of 
  provision; and exposed our dryed meat to the sun and the smoke of small 
  fires. in the evening the hunters returned having killed a duck only; they 
  saw two bear and some of the blacktailed jumping or fallow deer, such as 
  are found about Fort Clatsop; this kind of deer are scarce in this 
  neighbourhood, the common longtailed fallow deer being most abundant. we 
  have seen the black bear only in this quarter. the wind continued without 
  intermission to blow violently all day. I took a walk today of three miles 
  down the river; in the course of which I had an opportunity to correct an 
  errow which I have heretofore made with rispect to the shrub I have 
  hithertoo called the large leafed thorn. the leaf of this thorn is small 
  being only abut 21/2 inches long, is petiolate, conjugate; the leafets are 
  petiolate accutely pointed, having their margins cut with unequal angular 
  insissures. the shrub which I have heretofore confounded with this grows 
  in similar situations, has a stem precisely like it except the thorn and 
  bears a large three loabed leaf. this bryer is of the class Polyandria and 
  order Polygynia. the flowers are single, the peduncle long and celindric. 
  the calix is a perianth, of one leaf, five cleft, & accutely pointed. 
  the perianth is proper, erect, inferior with rispect to both petals and 
  germen, and equal. the corolla consists of five accute pale scarlet 
  petals, insirted in the recepticle with a short and narrow claw. the 
  Corolla is smooth, moderately long, situated at the base of the germen, 
  permanent, and cup shaped. of the stamens the filaments are subulate, 
  inserted into the recepticle, unequal and bent inwards concealing the 
  pistillum; anther two loabed and inflected situated on the top of the 
  fillaments of the pistillum the germ is conical, imbricated, superior, 
  sessile and short. the styles are short with rispect to the stamen, 
  capillary smooth, obtuse, distributed over the serface of the germ and 
  deciduous. no perseptable stigma. late at night the centinel 
  detected an old indian man in attempting to creep into camp in order to 
  pilfer; he allarmed the indian very much by presenting his gun at him; he 
  gave the fellow a few stripes with a switch and sent him off. this fellow 
  is one of a party of six who layed incamped a few hundred yards below us, 
  they departed soon after this occurrence. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1312-1806-04-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday April 8th 1806 This morning about day light I heard a Considerable 
  roreing like wind at a distance and in the Course of a Short time ways 
  rose very high which appeared to come across the river and in the Course 
  of an hour became So high that we were obliged to unload the canoes, at 7 
  oClock A#M# the winds Suelded and blew So hard and raised the Waves So 
  emensely high from the N# E and tossed our Canoes against the Shore in 
  Such a manner as to render it necessary to haul them up on the bank. 
  finding from the appearance of the winds that it is probable that we may 
  be detained all day, we Sent out Drewyer, Shannon Colter & Collins to 
  hunt with derections to return if the Wind Should lul, if not to Continue 
  the hunt all day except they killed Elk or bear Sooner &c# we had the 
  dried meat which was cured at our last encampment below exposed to the 
  Sun. John Shields Cut out my Small rifle & brought hir to Shoot very 
  well. the party ows much to the injenuity of this man, by whome their guns 
  are repared when they get out of order which is very often. 
  = 
  I observed an Indian Woman who visited us yesterday blind of an eye, and a 
  man who was nearly blind of both eyes. the loss of Sight I have observed 
  to be more Common among all the nations inhabiting this river than among 
  any people I ever observed. they have almost invariably Sore eyes at all 
  Stages of life. the loss of an eye is very Common among them; blindness in 
  persons of middle age is by no means uncommon, and it is almost invariably 
  a concammitant of old age. I Know not to what cause to attribute this 
  prevalent deficientcy of the eye except it be their exposure to the 
  reflection of the Sun on the water to which they are constantly exposed in 
  the Occupation of fishing. about 1 P M Collins Shannon and Colter 
  returned. Collins Saw 2 bear but could not get a Shot at them. neither 
  Shannon nor Colter Saw any thing worth Shooting. Soon after Drewyer 
  returned haveing only a Summer Duck. the Elk is gorn to the mountains as 
  the hunters Suppose. in the evening late an old man his Son & Grand 
  Son and their Wives &c# Came down dureing the time the waves raged 
  with great fury. the wife of the Grand Son is a woman of differant 
  appearance from any we have Seen on this river, she has a very round head 
  and pierceing black eyes. Soon after those people arived the Old man was 
  detected in Stealing a Spoon and he was ordered away, at about 200 yards 
  below our Camp they built themselves a fire and did not return to our 
  fires after. The Wind Continued violently hard all day, and threw our 
  Canoes with Such force against the Shore that one of them Split before we 
  Could get it out. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1313-1806-04-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 9th 1806. This morning early we commenced the operation of 
  reloading our canoes; at 7 A#M# we departed and proceeded on to the Camp 
  of Reubin and Joseph Fields they had not killed any game; we made no halt 
  at this place but continued our rout to the Wah~clel~lah Village which is 
  situated on the North side of the river about a mile below the beacon 
  rock; here we halted and took breakfast. John Colter one of our party 
  observed the tomehawk in one of the lodges which had been stolen from us 
  on the 4th of November last as we decended this river; the natives 
  attempted to wrest the tomahawk from him but he retained it. they 
  indeavoured afterwards to exculpate themselves from the odium of having 
  stolen it, they alledged that they had bought it from the natives below; 
  but their neighbours had several days previously, informed us that these 
  people had stolen the Tommehawk and then had it at their village. this 
  village appears to be the winter station of the Wah~clel~lahs and 
  Clahclellars, the greater part of the former have lately removed to the 
  falls of the Multnomah, and the latter have established themselves a few 
  miles above on the North side of the river opposite the lower point of 
  brant island, being the commencement of the rapids, here they also take 
  their salmon; they are now in the act of removing, and not only take with 
  them their furniture and effects but also the bark and most of the boards 
  which formed their houses. 14 houses remain entire but are at this time 
  but thinly inhabited, nine others appear to have been lately removed, and 
  the traces of ten or twelve others of ancient date were to be seen in the 
  rear of their present village. they sometimes sink their houses in the 
  earth, and at other times have their floors level with the surface of the 
  earth; they are generally built with boards and covered with Cedar bark. 
  most of them have a devision in their houses near the entrance wich is at 
  the end or in the event of it's bing a double house is from the center of 
  a narrow passage. several families inhabit one appartment. the women of 
  these people pierce the cartelage of the nose in which they wear various 
  ornaments in other rispects they do not differ from those in the 
  neighbourhood of the Diamond island; tho most of the women brad their hair 
  which hanges in two tresses one hanging over each ear. these people were 
  very unfriendly, and seemed illy disposed had our numbers not detered them 
  any acts of violence. with some difficuly we obtained five dogs from them 
  and a few wappetoe. on our way to this village we passed several 
  beautifull cascades which fell from a great hight over the stupendious 
  rocks which cloles the river on both sides nearly, except a small bottom 
  on the South side in which our hunters were encamped. the most remarkable 
  of these casscades falls about 300 feet perpendicularly over a solid rock 
  into a narrow bottom of the river on the south side. it is a large creek, 
  situated about 5 miles above our encampment of the last evening. several 
  small streams fall from a much greater hight, and in their decent become a 
  perfect mist which collecting on the rocks below again become visible and 
  decend a second time in the same manner before they reach the base of the 
  rocks. the hills have now become mountains high on each side are rocky 
  steep and covered generally with fir and white cedar. we saw some turkey 
  buzzards this morning of the speceis common to the United states which are 
  the first we have seen on this side the rocky mountains. during our halt 
  at this village the grand Cheif and two inferior Cheifs of the 
  Chil~luck~kit~to~quaw nation arrived with several men and women of their 
  nation in two large canoes. these people were on their return up the 
  river, having been on a trading voyage to the Columbean vally, and were 
  loaded with wappetoe dryed anchovies, with some beads &c which they 
  had received in exchange for dryed and pounded salmon shappelell beargrass 
  &c# These people had been very kind to us as we decended the river we 
  therefore smoked with them and treated them with every attention. at 2 
  P#M# we renewed our voyage; passed under the beacon rock on the north 
  side, to the left of two small islands situated near the shore. at four 
  P#M# we arrived at the Clah~clel~lah village; here we found the natives 
  busily engaged in erecting their new habitations, which appear to be 
  reather of a temperary kind; it is most probable that they only reside 
  here during the salmon season. we purchased two dogs of these people who 
  like those of the village blow were but sulky and illy disposed; they are 
  great rogues and we are obliged to keep them at a proper distance from our 
  baggage. as we could not ascend the rapid by the North side of the river 
  with our large canoes, we passed to the oposite side and entered the 
  narrow channel which seperates brant Island from the South shore; the 
  evening being far spent and the wind high raining and very cold we thought 
  best not to attempt the rapids this evening, we therefore sought a safe 
  harbour in this narrow channel and encamped on the main shore. our small 
  canoe with Drewer and the two feildses was unable to pass the river with 
  us in consequence of the waves they therefore toed her up along the N# 
  side of the river and encamped opposite the upper point of brant Island. 
  after halting this evening I took a turn with my gun in order to kill a 
  deer, but was unsuccessfull. I saw much fresh sign. the fir has been 
  lately injured by a fire near this place and many of them have discharged 
  considerable quantities of rozin. we directed that Collins should hunt a 
  few hours tomorrow morning and that Gibson and his crew should remain at 
  his place untill we returned and employ themselves in collectng rozin 
  which our canoes are now in want of. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1314-1806-04-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday April 9th 1806 last night at a late hour the old amsiated Indian 
  who was detected in Stealing a Spoon yesterday, Crept upon his belley with 
  his hands and feet, with a view as I Suppose to take Some of our baggage 
  which was in Several defferent parcels on the bank. the Sentinal observed 
  the motions of this old amcinated retch untill he got with a fiew feet of 
  the baggage at he hailed him and approached with his gun in a possion as 
  if going to Shoote which allarmed the old retch in Such a manner that he 
  ran with all his power tumbleing over brush and every thing in his way. at 
  7 A#M# we Set out and proceeded on to the Camp of Joseph & Reubin 
  Fields. they had killed nothing. here we did not delay but proceeded on to 
  Wah~clel~lah Village on the North Side and brackfast here one the men 
  Colter observed the Tomahawk which was Stolen from on the 4th of Novr. 
  last as we decended the Columbia, he took the tomahawk the natives 
  attempted to wrest it from him, he held fast the Tomahawk. Those people 
  attempted to excuse themselves from odium of Stealing it, by makeing Signs 
  that they had purchased the Tomahawk, but their nighbours informed me 
  otherwise and made Signs that they had taken it. This Village appears to 
  be the wintering Station of two bands of the Shah~ha~la Nation. One band 
  has already moved the Falls of the Multnomah which is the place they take 
  their Salmon. The other band is now moveing a fiew miles above to the foot 
  of the first rapid on this river, at which place they take their Salmon. 
  14 houses only appear occupied and the inhabitants of those moveing off 
  hourly, they take with them in their Canoes independent of all their 
  houshold effects the bark of their houses, and boards. 9 houses has been 
  latterly abandened and 14 others is yet is thinly inhabited at present, 
  and the remains of 10 or 12 others are to be Seen and appears to have been 
  enhabited last fall. those people were not hospital and with Some 
  dificuelty we precured 5 dogs and a fiew Wappato of them. Soon after we 
  arived at this Village the Grand Cheif and two others of the 
  Chee~luck~kit~le~quaw Nation arived from below. they had with them 11 men 
  and 7 womin and had been trading in the Columbia Vally for Wappato, beeds 
  and dried Anchovies &c in exchange for which they had given pounded 
  fish Shappalell, bear grass, acorns boiled berries &c# &c# and are 
  now on their return to their village. as those people had been very Kind 
  to us as we decended the river we gave them Smoke. at 2 oClock P# M we Set 
  out and passed under the Beacon rock on the North Side of two Small Islds# 
  Situated nearest the N# side. at 4 P#M# we arived at the first rapid at 
  the head of Straw berry island at which place on the N W# Side of the 
  Columbia here we found the nativs from the last village rebuilding their 
  habitations of the bark of their old Village 16 Huts are already 
  Compleated and appear only temporrary it is most probable that they only 
  reside here dureing the Season of the Salmon. as we Could not pass with 
  the large Canoes up the N# W# Side for the rocks, the wind high and a 
  rainey disagreeable evining. our Smallest Canoe being too low to cross 
  through the high waves, we Sent her up on the N W# Side with Drewyer and 
  the two Fields and after purchaseing 2 dogs Crossed and into the Sluce of 
  a large high Island seperated from the S# E Side by a narrow chanel, in 
  this chanel we found a good harbor and encamped on the lower Side. We Saw 
  Some deer Sign and Collins to hunt in the mornig untill the Canoes were 
  toed above the rapids. made 16 Miles to day. evening wet & 
  disagreeable. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1315-1806-04-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 10th 1806. We set out early and droped down the channel to 
  the lower end of brant Island from whence we drew them up the rapid by a 
  cord about a quarter of a mile which we soon performed; Collins and Gibson 
  not having yet come over we directed Sergt# Pryor to remain with the cord 
  on the Island untill Gibson arrived and assist him with his crew in geting 
  his canoe up the rapid, when they were to join us on the oposite side at a 
  small village of six houses of the Clah~clah'lahs where we halted for 
  breakfast. in passing the river which is here about 400 yds# wide the 
  rapidity of the currant was such that it boar us down a considerable 
  distance notwithstanding we employed five oars. on entering one of these 
  lodges, the natives offered us a sheepskin for sail, than which nothing 
  could have been more acceptable except the animal itself. the skin of the 
  head of the sheep with the horns remaining was cased in such manner as to 
  fit the head of a man by whom it was woarn and highly prized as an 
  ornament. we obtained this cap in exchange for a knife, and were compelled 
  to give two Elkskins in exchange for the skin. this appeared to be the 
  skin of a sheep not fully grown; the horns were about four inches long, 
  celindric, smooth, black, erect and pointed; they rise from the middle of 
  the forehead a little above the eyes. they offered us a second skin of a 
  full grown sheep which was quite as large as that of a common deer. they 
  discovered our anxity to purchase and in order to extort a great plrice 
  declared that they prized it too much to dispose of it. in expectation of 
  finding some others of a similar kind for sale among the natives of this 
  neighbourhood I would not offer him a greater price than had been given 
  for the other which he refused. these people informed us that these sheep 
  were found in great abundance on the hights and among the clifts of the 
  adjacent mountains. and that they had lately killed these two from a herd 
  of 36, at no great distance from their village. we could obtain no 
  provision from those people except four white salmon trout. at ten oclock 
  Sergt# Pryor and Gibson joined us with Collins who had killed 3 deer. 
  these were all of the blacktailed fallow kind. we set out and continued 
  our rout up the N# side of the river with great difficulty in consequence 
  of the rapidity of the current and the large rocks which form this shore; 
  the South side of the river is impassable. as we had but one sufficient 
  toerope and were obliged to employ the cord in geting on our canoes the 
  greater part of the way we could only take them one at a time which 
  retarded our progress very much. by evening we arrived at the portage on 
  the North side where we landed and conveyed our bagage to the top of the 
  hill about 200 paces distant where we formed a camp. we had the canoes 
  drawn on shore and secured. the small canoe got loose from the hunters and 
  went a drift with a tin vessel and tommahawk in her; the Indians caught 
  her at the last village and brought her up to us this evening for which 
  service we gave them a couple of knives; the canoe overset and lost the 
  articles which were in her. Saw the white pine at this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1316-1806-04-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday April 10th 1806 Collins went out in the bottom to hunt agreeable 
  to the order of last evening, and gibsons Crew was derected to delay for 
  Collins dureing which time they were derected to Collect rozin from the 
  pines in the bottom near our Camp at 6 A M# we Set out and proceeded to 
  the lower point of the Island from whence we were Compelled to draw our 
  Canoes up a rapid for about 1/4 mile which we Soon performed. Collins 
  & gibson haveing not yet Come over we derected Serjt# Pryor to delay 
  on the Island untill Gibson Came over & assist him with the large toe 
  roap which we also left and to join us at a village of four houses of the 
  Clah~lah~lar Tribe which is opposit to this Island on North Side at which 
  place we intened to brackfast. in crossing the River which at this place 
  is not more than 400 yards wide we fell down a great distance owing to the 
  rapidity of the Current. I entered one of the houses of those people and 
  was Scercely Seated before they offered me a Sheep Skin for Sale nothing 
  could be more acceptable except the Animal itself in examoning this Skin I 
  found it was a young one, the Skin of the head was Cased So as to fit the 
  head of a man and was esteemed as a great orniment and highly prised by 
  them. we precured this Cased head for a knife and, the Skin we were 
  obliged to give two Raw Elk Skins for. Soon after they offered a large one 
  for Sall. after finding us anxious to purchase they declined silling this 
  Skin. those people informed us that they killed those Animals among the 
  rocks in the mountains under which they live; and that great numbers of 
  those animals inhabit those mountains & that the lamb was killed out 
  of a gange of 36 at a Short distance from their village. The wool of the 
  full grown Sheep, or that on the Skin which we Saw was much Corser than 
  that of the one which we purchased, the Skin was about the Size of that of 
  a Common deer. The Skin we obtained appeared to be the Skin of a Sheep not 
  fully grown, the wool fine, the Horns were abought 4 inches long, 
  Celindric, Smooth, black, a little bending backwards and pointed; they 
  rise from the Middle of the foeheard, and a little above the eyes, and 
  appeared to possess all the marks of the Common Sheep as already 
  discribed. We could precure no provisions from those people except four 
  white Salmon trout. at 10 oClock Sergt# Pryor and Gibson joined us with 
  Collins who had killed 3 deer. these were all of the blacktailed fallow 
  kind. We Set out and Continued up on the N# Side of the river with great 
  dificuelty in Consequence of the Rapidity of the Current and the large 
  rocks which forms this Shore; the South Side of the river is impassable. 
  = 
  As we had but one Sufficent toe roap and were obliged to employ the Cord 
  in getting on our Canoes the greater part of the way we could only take 
  them one at a time which retarded our progress very much. by evening we 
  arived at the portage on the N# Side where we landed and Conveyed our 
  baggage to the top of the hill about 200 paces distant where we found a 
  Camp. we had the Canoes drawn on Shore and Secured. the Small Canoe got 
  loose from the hunters and went adrift with a tin cup & a tomahawk in 
  her; the Indians Caught her at the last Village and brought her up to us 
  this evening for which we gave them two knives; the Canoe overset and lost 
  the articles which were in her. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1317-1806-04-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 11th 1806. As the tents and skins which covered both our men 
  and baggage were wet with the rain which fell last evening, and as it 
  continued still raining this morning we concluded to take our canoes first 
  to the head of the rapids, hoping that by evening the rain would cease and 
  afford us a fair afternoon to take our baggage over the portage. this 
  portage is two thousand eight hundred yards along a narrow rough and 
  slipery road. the duty of getting the canoes above the rapid was by mutual 
  consent confided to my friend Capt# C# who took with him for that purpose 
  all the party except Bratton who is yet so weak he is unable to work, 
  three others who were lamed by various accedents and one other to cook for 
  the party. a few men were absolutely necessary at any rate to guard our 
  baggage from the War~clel~lars who crouded about our camp in considerable 
  numbers. these are the greates theives and scoundrels we have met with. by 
  the evening Capt# C# took 4 of our canoes above the rapids tho with much 
  difficulty and labour. the canoes were much damaged by being driven 
  against the rocks in dispite of every precaution which could be taken to 
  prevent it. the men complained of being so much fatiegued in the evening 
  that we posponed taking up our 5th canoe untill tomorrow. these rapids are 
  much worse than they were fall when we passed them, at that time there 
  were only three difficult points within seven miles, at present the whole 
  distance is extreemly difficult of ascent, and it would be impracticable 
  to decend except by leting down the empty vessels by a cord and then even 
  the wrisk would be greater than in taking them up by the same means. the 
  water appears to be upwards of 20 feet higher than when we decended the 
  river. the distance by way of the river between the points of the portage 
  is 3 Msmany of the natives crouded about the bank of the river where the 
  men were engaged in taking up the canoes; one of them had the insolence to 
  cast stones down the bank at two of the men who happened to be a little 
  detatched from the party at the time. on the return of the party in the 
  evening from the head of the rapids they met with many of the natives on 
  the road, who seemed but illy disposed; two of these fellows met with John 
  Sheilds who had delayed some time in purchasing a dog and was a 
  considerable distance behind the party on their return with Capt# C# they 
  attempted to take the dog from him and pushed him out of the road. he had 
  nothing to defend himself with except a large knife which he drew with an 
  intention of puting one or both of them to death before they could get 
  themselves in readiness to use their arrows, but discovering his design 
  they declined the combat and instantly fled through the woods. three of 
  this same tribe of villains the Wah~clel~lars, stole my dog this evening, 
  and took him towards their village; I was shortly afterwards informed of 
  this transaction by an indian who spoke the Clatsop language, and sent 
  three men in pursuit of the theives with orders if they made the least 
  resistence or difficulty in surrendering the dog to fire on them; they 
  overtook these fellows or reather came within sight of them at the 
  distance of about 2 miles; the indians discovering the party in pursuit of 
  them left the dog and fled. they also stole an ax from us, but scarcely 
  had it in their possession before Thompson detected them and wrest it from 
  them. we ordered the centinel to keep them out of camp, and informed them 
  by signs that if they made any further attempts to steal our property or 
  insulted our men we should put them to instant death. a cheif of the 
  Clah~clel~lah tribe informed us that there were two very bad men among the 
  Wah~clel~lahs who had been the principal actors in these seenes of 
  outradge of which we complained, and that it was not the wish of the 
  nation by any means to displease us. we told him that we hoped it might be 
  the case, but we should certainly be as good as our words if they 
  presisted in their insolence. I am convinced that no other consideration 
  but our number at this moment protects us. The Cheif appeared mortified at 
  the conduct of his people, and seemed friendly disposed towards us. as he 
  appeared to be a man of consideration and we had reason to beleive much 
  rispected by the neighbouring tribes we thought it well to bestoe a medal 
  of small size upon him. he appeared much gratifyed with this mark of 
  distinction, and some little attention which we shewed him. he had in his 
  possession a very good pipe tomahawk which he informed us he had received 
  as a present from a trader who visited him last winter over land pointing 
  to the N# W#, whome he called Swippeton; he was pleased with the tommahawk 
  of Capt# C# in consequence of it's having a brass bowl and Capt# C# 
  gratified him by an exchange. as a further proof of his being esteemed by 
  this white trader, he gave us a well baked saylor's bisquit which he also 
  informed us he had received from Swippeton. from these evidences I have no 
  doubt but the traders who winter in some of the inlets to the N# of us 
  visit this part of the Columbia by land at certain seasons, most probably 
  when they are confined to their winter harbour. and if so some of those 
  inlets are probably at no great distance from this place, as there seems 
  to be but little inducement to intice the trader hither from any 
  considerable distance particularly as the difficulty in traveling on the 
  borders of this mountainous country must be great at that season as the 
  natives informed me their snows were frequently breast deep. I observe 
  snowshoes in all the lodges of the natives above the Columbean vally. I 
  hope that the friendly interposition of this chief may prevent our being 
  compelled to use some violence with these people; our men seem well 
  disposed to kill a few of them. we keep ourselves perefectly on our guard. 
  This evening we send Drewyer and the two Feildses on a few miles up the 
  river to the entrance of Cruzatt's river to hunt untill our arrival. The 
  inhabitants of the Y~eh~huh Village on the North side immediately above 
  the rapids have lately removed to the opposite side of the river, where it 
  appears they usually take their salmon. like their relations the 
  Wah~Clel~lars they have taken their houses with them. I observe that all 
  the houses lately established have their floors on the surface of the 
  earth, are smaller and of more temperary structure than those which are 
  sunk in the ground. I presume the former are their spring and Summer 
  dwellings and the latter those of the fall and winter. these houses are 
  most generally built with boards and covered with bark. some of an 
  inferior ore more temperary cast are built entirely of cedar bark, which 
  is kept smooth and extended by inserting small splinters of wood through 
  the bark crosswise at the distance of 12 or 14 inches assunder. several 
  families inhabit the same appartment. their women as well as those of the 
  3 villages next below us pierce the cartelage of the nose and insert 
  various ornaments. they very seldom imprint any figures on their skins; a 
  few I observed had one or two longitudinal lines of dots on the front of 
  the leg, reaching from the ankle upwards about midleg. most of their women 
  braid their hair in two tresses as before mentioned. the men usually cew 
  their hair in two parsels which like the braded tresses of the female hang 
  over each ear in front of the sholder, and gives an additional width to 
  the head and face so much admired by them. these cews are usually formed 
  with throngs of dressed Otterskin crossing each other and not roled in our 
  manner arrond the hair. in all other rispects I observe no difference in 
  their dress habits manners &c# from those in the Neighbourhood of the 
  diamond Island. today we recognized a man of the Elute nation who reside 
  at the long narrows of the Columbia, he was on his return from a trading 
  voyage to the Columbean valley with 10 or 12 others of his nation. many 
  other natives from the villages above were employed in taking their roots 
  &c over the portage on their return. I observed that the men equally 
  with the women engage in the labour of carrying. they all left their 
  canoes below the rapids and took others above which they had left as they 
  decended. those which were left below were taken down the river by the 
  persons from whom they had been hired or borrowed. the natives from above 
  behaved themselves in a very orderly manner. The salmon have not yet made 
  their appearance, tho the natives are not so much distressed for food as I 
  was induced to believe. I walked down today about 3/4 of a mile below our 
  encampment to observe the manner in which these people inter their dead. I 
  found eight sepulchers near the north bank of the river built in the 
  following manner. four strong forks are first sunk several feet in the 
  ground and rise about six feet high, froming a parrallelogram of 8 by 10 
  feet. the intervals between these upright forks, on which four poles are 
  laid, are filled up with broad erect boards with their lower ends sunk in 
  the ground and their upper ends confined to the horizontal poles. a flat 
  roof is formed of several layers of boards; the floors of these sepulchres 
  are on a level with the surface of the earth. the human bodies are well 
  rolled in dressed skins and lashed securely with chords and laid 
  horizontaly on the back with the head to the west. in some of these 
  sepulchres they are laid on each other to the debth of three or four 
  bodies. in one of those sepulchres which was nearly decayed I observed 
  that the human bones filled it perfectly to the hight of about three feet. 
  many articles appear to be sacreficed to the dead both within and without 
  the sepulcres. among other articles, I observed a brass teakettle, some 
  scollep shells, parts of several robes of cloth and skins, with sticks for 
  diging roots &c# ¬ this appears to be the burying ground of the 
  Wahclellahs, Clahclellahs and Yehhuhs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1318-1806-04-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday April 11th 1806 rained the greater part of the last night and 
  continued to rain this morning, as the Skins and the Covering of both the 
  mend and loading were wet we determined to take the Canoes over first in 
  hopes that by the evening the rain would Sease and afford us a fair 
  afternoon to Carry our baggage over the portage which is 2 miles by land 
  and a Slipery road. I therefore took all the men except three who had Sore 
  feet and two to cook, and who were with the baggage; and with great 
  dificuelty and much fatigue we drew up 4 of our canoes above the Rapids 3 
  miles in extent. the men became So fatigued that we deturmined to puspone 
  takeing the 5th Canoe untill tomorrow. Those rapids are much worse than 
  they were at the time we passed last fall at that time there was only 
  three bad places in the distance of 7 miles. at this time the whole 
  distance is a rapid and dificuelt of assent; and would be very dangerous 
  at this Stage of the water (which is  ¿¿  feet higher than when we passed 
  down) to decent in any kind of Craft. Great numbers of the nativs visited 
  us and viewed us from the banks as we passed on with the Canoes, maney of 
  those people were also about our baggage and on the portage road. two of 
  those fellows insulted John Shields who had delayed in purchaseing a dog 
  at the upper part of the rapids and was Some distance behind myself and 
  the party on our return to camp. they attempted to take his dog and push 
  him out of the road. he had nothing to defend himself except a large knife 
  which he drew with a full deturmination to put one of them to death before 
  he had an oppertunity of dischargeing his arrow. the nativs obseveing his 
  motion ran off. one other Indn. Stold an ax and was not in possession 
  before he was detected by Thompson and the ax taken from him. one other 
  fellow attempted to Steal Capt# Lewis's dog, and had decoyed him nearly 
  half a mile we were informed of it by a man who Spoke the Clatsop language 
  and imediately Sent three men with their guns who over took the Indians, 
  who on their approach ran off and lift the dog ¬ we informed the 
  nativ's by Signs that if the indians insulted our men or Stold our 
  property we Should Certainly put them to death a Chief of the 
  Clah~clal~lahs Tribe informed us that there was two very bad men who had 
  been guilty of those mischevious acts. that it was not the wish of their 
  tribe that any thing should be done which might displese the white people. 
  this Chief had a large fine pipe tomahawk which he informed me he got from 
  a Trader he called Swippeton. I exchanged tomahawks with this Chief, and 
  as he appeared to be a man of consideration among the tribes of this 
  neighbourhood and much conserned for the ingiries offered us, we gave him 
  a Medal of the Small Size which appeard. to please him verry much; and 
  will I hope have a favourable tendincy, in as much as it will attach him 
  to our interest, and he probably will harang his people in our favour, 
  which may prevent any acts of violence being Commited, on either Side. 
  nothing but the Strength of our party has prevented our being robed before 
  this time. Sent Drewyer & 2 Fields on a head to hunt. The inhabitents 
  of the Wyach~hich Tribe Village imediately above those rapids on the N W# 
  Side have latterly moved their village to the opposit Side of the river, 
  where they take their Salmon; they are now in the act of removeing and not 
  only take their furniture and effects but also the bark and most of the 
  boards which formed their houses. Those like the tribes below Sometimes 
  Sink their houses in the earth, and at other times have their flowrs 
  leavil with the Surface of the earth; they are Generally built of boards 
  and Covered with bark. those which appear intended for temporary use are 
  most generally built of the White Cedar bark. Most of those have a 
  division in the houses near the enterance which is at the end, or in the 
  event of it's being a double house is from the center of a narrow passage. 
  Several families enhabit one appartment. the women of those people as well 
  as those in the 3 villages below pierce the cartilage of the nose in which 
  they ware Various orniments. in other respects they do not deffer from 
  those of the Dimond Island. tho most of the women brad their hair which 
  hangs in two tresses, one hanging over each ear. The yound men of all 
  those tribes ware their hair plated, in two plats anging over each 
  Sholder, maney of them also Cew their hair with otter Skin divided on the 
  crown of the head and hanging over each ear. to day I recognised a man of 
  the Elute nation who reside at the Long narrows, he was on his return from 
  a tradeing voyage to the Columbian Vally with 10 or 12 of his tribe. maney 
  others from the villages above this were takeing their roots &c# over 
  the portage to day on their return home. 
  = 
  vegitation is rapidly progressing. Sarvis berry, Sackacommis and the large 
  leafed ash is in blume. also fir N#  ¿¿  in bloom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1319-1806-04-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 12th 1806. It rained the greater part of last night and 
  still continued to rain this morning. I therefore determined to take up 
  the remaining perogue this morning for which purpose I took with me every 
  man that could be of any service. a small distance above our camp there is 
  one of the most difficult parts of the rapid. at this place the current 
  sets with great violence against a projecting rock. in hawling the perogue 
  arround this point the bow unfortunately took the current at too great a 
  distance from the rock, she turned her side to the stream and the utmost 
  exertions of all the party were unable to resist the forse with which she 
  was driven by the current, they were compelled to let loose the cord and 
  of course both perogue and cord went a drift with the stream. the loss of 
  this perogue will I fear compell us to purchase one or more canoes of the 
  indians at an extravegant price. after breakfast all hands were employed 
  in taking our baggage over the portage. we caused all the men who had 
  short rifles to carry them, in order to be prepared for the natives should 
  they make any attempts to rob or injure them. I went up to the head of the 
  rapids and left Capt# C# below. during the day I obtained a vocabulary of 
  the language of the War~clel~lars &c# I found that their numbers were 
  precisely those of the Chinnooks but the other parts of their language 
  essentially different. by 5 P#M# we had brought up all our baggage and 
  Capt# C# joined me from the lower camp with the Clahclellah cheif. there 
  is an old village situated about halfway on the portage road the fraim of 
  the houses, which are remarkably large one 160 by 45 feet, remain almost 
  entire. the covering of the houses appears to have been sunk in a pond 
  back of the village. this the chief informed us was the residence 
  occasionally of his tribe. these houses are fraimed in the usual manner 
  but consist of a double set as if oune house had been built within the 
  other. the floors are on a level with the ground. the natives did not 
  croud about us in such numbers today as yesterday, and behaved themselves 
  much better; no doubt the precautions which they observed us take had a 
  good effect. I employed sergt# Pryor the greater part of the day in 
  reparing and corking the perogue and canoes. it continued to rain by 
  showers all day. about 20 of the Y~eh~huhs remained with me the greater 
  part of the day and departed in the evening. they conducted themselves 
  with much propryety and contemned the conduct of their relations towards 
  us. We purchased one sheepskin for which we gave the skin of an Elk and 
  one of a deer. this animal was killed by the man who sold us the skin near 
  this place; he informed us that they were abundant among the mountains and 
  usually resorted the rocky parts. the big horned animal is also an 
  inhabitant of these mountains. I saw several robes of their skins among 
  the natives.as the evening was rainy cold and far advanced and ourselves 
  wet we determined to remain all night. the mountains are high steep and 
  rocky. the rock is principally black. they are covered with fir of several 
  speceis and the white cedar. near the river we find the Cottonwood, sweet 
  willow, broad leafed ash, a species of maple, the purple haw, a small 
  speceis of cherry; purple currant, goosberry, red willow, vining and white 
  burry honeysuckle, huckkle burry, sacacommis, two speceis of mountain 
  holley, &common ash. for the three last days this inclusive we have 
  made only 7 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1320-1806-04-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday April 12th 1806. rained the greater part of the last night and 
  this morning untile 10 A#M# we employed all hands in attempting to take up 
  the lost Canoe. in attempting to pass by a rock against which the Current 
  run with emence force, the bow unfortunately took the Current at too great 
  a distance from the rock, She turned broad Side to the Stream, and the 
  exertions of every man was not Sufficient to hold her. the men were 
  Compelled to let go the rope and both the Canoe and rope went with the 
  Stream. the loss of this Canoe will I fear Compell us to purchase another 
  at an extravigent price. after brackfast all hands who were employed in 
  Carrying the baggage over the portage 11/2 miles which they performed by 4 
  P#M# the nativs did not visit us in Such Crouds to day as yesterday. we 
  Caused all the men of the party who ha Short guns to carry them on the 
  portage for fear of Some attempt on the part of the nativs to rob the 
  party. The rain Continued at intervales all day. in the evening after 
  everry thing was taken from the lower Camp I Set out myself accompanied by 
  the Cheif of the Clah~clal lars to the head of the portage. as we passed 
  the remains of an old Village about half way the portage, this Cheif 
  informed me that this old Village had been the residence of his Tribe 
  dureing the last Salmon Season. this village I mentiond in decending this 
  river, but did not know the Tribes that had inhabited it that time. Capt# 
  Lewis took a vocabulary of the languge of those people whilst I had all 
  the baggage taken across the portage & we formed a Camp at the place 
  we had encamped on our way down. 
  = 
  at my arival at the head of the portage found about 20 of the natives of 
  the Wy ach hich tribe who reside above the rapids, with Capt Lewis. those 
  people appeared much better disposed towards us than either the 
  Clahclallah or Wahclellah and Condemn their Conduct much. Those tribes I 
  believe to be all the Same Nation their Language habits manners dress 
  &c# are presisely alike and differ but little from those below the 
  Great Narrows of this river. I observed a woman with a Sheep Skin robe on 
  which I purchased for one Elk and one deer Skin. the father of this woman 
  informed me that he had killed the animal off of which he had taken this 
  Skin on the mountains imediately above his village, and that on those 
  mountains great numbers of those animals were to be found in large flocks 
  among the Steep rocks. I also purchased 2 pieces of Chapellell and Some 
  roots of those people. as the evening was rainey and ourselves and party 
  wet we Concluded to delay untill the morning and dry our selves. The 
  Indians left us about 6 P M and returned to their Village on the opposit 
  Side. mountains are high on each Side and Covered with Snow for about 1/3 
  of the way down. the growth is principally fir and White Cedar. the 
  bottoms and low Situations is Covered with a variety Such as Cotton, large 
  leafed ash, Sweet willow a Species of beech, alder, white thorn, cherry of 
  a Small Speces, Servis berry bushes, Huckleberries bushes, a Speces of 
  Lorel &c# &c# I saw a turkey buzzard which is the 3rd which I have 
  Seen west of the rocky mountains. the 1st was on the 7 inst# above quick 
  Sand river. for the three last days this inclusive we have made 7 miles 
  only. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1321-1806-04-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 13th 1806. The loss of one of our perogues rendered it 
  necessary to distribute her crew and cargo among the 2 remaining perogues 
  and 2 canoes, which being done we loaded and set out 8 A#M# we passed the 
  village immediately above the rapids where only one house at present 
  remains entire, the other 8 having been taken down and removed to the 
  oposite side of the river as before mentioned. we found the additional 
  laiding which we had been compelled to put on board rendered our vessels 
  extreemly inconvenient to mannage and in short reather unsafe in the event 
  of high winds; I therefore left Capt# C# with the two perogues to proceede 
  up the river on the N# side, and with the two canoes and some additional 
  hands passed over the river above the rapids to the Y~eh~huh village in 
  order to purchase one or more canoes. I found the village consisting of 11 
  houses crouded with inhabitants; it appeared to me that they could have 
  mustered about 60 fighting men then present. they appeared very friendly 
  disposed, and I soon obtained two small canoes from them for which I gave 
  two robes and four elkskins. I also purchased four paddles and three dogs 
  from them with deerskins. the dog now constitutes a considerable part of 
  our subsistence and with most of the party has become a favorite food; 
  certain I am that it is a healthy strong diet, and from habit it has 
  become by no means disagreeable to me, I prefer it to lean venison or Elk, 
  and is very far superior to the horse in any state. after remaining about 
  2 hours at this Village I departed and continued my rout with the four 
  canoes along the S# side of the river the wind being too high to pass over 
  to the entrance of Cruzatts river where I expected to have overtaken Capt# 
  C# not seing the perogues on the opposite side I ascended the river untill 
  one oclock or about 5 ms# above the entrance of Cruzat's river. being 
  convinced that the perogues were behind I halted and directed the men to 
  dress the dogs and cook one of them for dinner; a little before we had 
  completed our meal Capt# C# arrived with the perogues and landed opposite 
  to us. after dinner I passed the river to the perogues and found that 
  Capt# C# had halted for the evening and was himself hunting with three of 
  the party. the men in formed me that they had seen nothing of the hunters 
  whom we had sent on the 11th ints. to the Entrance of Cruzatt's Riv. I 
  directed Sergt# ordway to take the two small canoes for his mess and the 
  loading which he had formerly carried in the perogue we lost yesterday, 
  and to have them dryed this evening and payed with rozin. Capt# Clark 
  returned in about an hour and being convinced that the hunters were yet 
  behind we dispatched Sergt# Pryor in surch of them with two men and an 
  empty canoe to bring the meat they may have killed. John Sheilds returned 
  a little after six P#M# with two deer which he had killed. these were also 
  of the blacktailed fallow deer; there appears to be no other speceis of 
  deer in these mountains. Capt# C# informed me that the wind had detained 
  him several hours a little above Cruzatt's river; that while detained here 
  he sent out some men to hunt; one of them wounded two deer but got neither 
  of them. the wind having lulled in the evening and not seing anything of 
  Drewyer and the Feildses he had proceeded on to this place where he 
  intended waiting for me, and as he did not see my canoes when he landed 
  had taken a hunt with some of the men as before mentioned. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1322-1806-04-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday April 13th 1806 The loss of one of our large Canoes rendered it 
  necessary to divide the loading and men of that Canoe between the 
  remaining four, which was done and we loaded and Set out at 8 oClock A#M# 
  passed the village imediately above the rapids, where only one house 
  remains entire the other 8 haveing been taken down and moved to the 
  opposit Side of the Columbia as already mentioned. the additional men and 
  baggage in each Canoe renders them Crouded and unsafe. Capt# Lewis with 2 
  of the Smallest Canoes of Sergt# Pryor & gibson and Crossed above the 
  Rapids to the Village on the S E Side with a view to purchase a Canoe of 
  the nativs if possible. he took with him Some Cloth and a fiew Elk skins 
  and Deer Skins. I with the two large Canoes proceeded on up the N# W# Side 
  with the intention of gitting to the Encampment of our hunters who was 
  derected to hunt in the bottom above Crusats River, and there wait the 
  arival of Capt# Lewis. I proceeded on to the bottom in which I expected to 
  find the hunters but Could See nothing of them. the wind rose and raised 
  the ways to Such a hight that I could not proceed any further. we landed 
  and I sent out Shields and Colter to hunt; Shields Shot two deer but Could 
  get neither of them. I walkd. to Crusats river and up it 1/2 a mile on my 
  return to the party found that the wind had lulled and as we Could See 
  nothing of our hunters. I deturmined to proceed on to the next bottom 
  where I thought it probable they had halted at 1/2 passed 2 P M Set out 
  and proceeded on to the bottom 6 miles and halted at the next bottom 
  formed a Camp and Sent out all the hunters. I also walked out my self on 
  the hills but saw nothing. on my return found Capt# Lewis at Camp with two 
  canoes which he had purchased at the Y~ep~huh village for two robes and 
  four elkskins. he also purchased 4 paddles and three Dogs from the nativs 
  with deer Skins. the dogs now constitutes a considerable part of our 
  Subsistance & with most of the party has become a favourable food. 
  Certain I am that is a helthy Strong diet, derected Serjt# ordway to take 
  the 2 Small Canoes purchased by Capt# Lewis for his mess and the loading 
  he had in his Canoe which we lost yesterday, and drawed up and paid with 
  rozin. 
  = 
  I was convinced that the hunters must have been up River Cruzatt. 
  despatched Sergt# Pryor with 2 men in a Canoe, with directions to assend 
  Crusats River and if he found the hunters to assist them in with the meat. 
  Jo# Shields returned about Sunset with two deer which he had killed, those 
  were of the Black tail fallow Deer. there appears to be no other Species 
  of Deer in those mountains. We proceeded on 12 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1323-1806-04-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 14th 1806. This morning at seven oCk. we were joined by 
  Sergt# Pryor and the three hunters they brought with them 4 deer which 
  Drewyer had killed yesterday. we took breakfast and departed. at 9 A#M# 
  the wind arrose and continued hard all day but not so violent as to 
  prevent our proceeding. we kept close along the N# shore all day. the 
  river from the rapids as high as the commencement of the narrows is from 
  1/2 to 3/4 of a mile in width, and possesses scarcely any current. the bed 
  is principally rock except at the entrance of Labuish's river which heads 
  in Mount hood and like the quicksand river brings down from thence vast 
  bodies of sand. the mountains through which the river passes nearly to the 
  sepulchre rock, are high broken, rocky, partially covered with fir white 
  cedar, and in many places exhibit very romantic seenes. some handsome 
  cascades are seen on either hand tumbling from the stupendious rocks of 
  the mountains into the river. near the border of the river I observed 
  today the long leafed pine. this pine increases in quantity as you ascend 
  the river and about the sepulchre rock where the lower country commences 
  it superceedes the fir altogether. throughout the whole course of this 
  river from the rapids as high as the Chilluckkittequaws, we find the 
  trunks of many large pine trees sanding erect as they grew at present in 
  30 feet water; they are much doated and none of them vegetating; at the 
  lowest tide of the river many of these trees are in ten feet water. 
  certain it is that those large pine trees never grew in that position, nor 
  can I account for this phenomenon except it be that the passage of the 
  river through the narrow pass at the rapids has been obstructed by the 
  rocks which have fallen from the hills into that channel within the last 
  20 years; the appearance of the hills at that place justify this opinion, 
  they appear constantly to be falling in, and the apparent state of the 
  decayed trees would seem to fix the era of their decline about the time 
  mentioned. at 1 P#M# we arrived at a large village situated in a narrow 
  bottom on the N# side a little above the entrance of canoe creek. their 
  houses are reather detatched and extent for several miles. they are about 
  20 in number. These people call themselves We~ock~sock, Wil~lacum. they 
  differ but litte in appeance dress &c# from those of the rapids. Their 
  men have some leging and mockersons among them. these are in the stile of 
  Chopunnish. they have some good horses of which we saw ten or a douzen. 
  these are the fist horses we have met with since we left this 
  neighbourhood last fall, in short the country below this place will not 
  permit the uce of this valuable animal except in the Columbian vally and 
  there the present inhabitants have no uce for them as they reside 
  immediately on the river and the country is too thickly timbered to admit 
  them to run the game with horses if they had them. we halted at this 
  village and dined. purchased five dogs some roots, shappalell, filberds 
  and dryed burries of the inhabitants. here I observed several habitations 
  entirely under grownd; they were sunk about 8 feet deep and covered with 
  strong timber and several feet of earth in a conic form. these habitations 
  were evacuated at present. they are about 16 feet in diameter, nearly 
  circular, and are entered through a hole at the top which appears to 
  answer the double purpose of a chimney and a door. from this entrance you 
  decend to the floor by a ladder. the present habitations of these people 
  were on the surface of the ground and do not differ from those of the 
  tribes of the rapids. their language is the same with that of the 
  Chilluckkittequaws. these people appeared very friendly. some of them 
  informed us that they had lately returned from a war excurtion against the 
  snake indians who inhabit the upper part of the Multnomah river to the S# 
  E# of them. they call them To~wannah'~hi'~ooks. that they had been 
  fortunate in their expedition and had taken from their enimies most of the 
  horses which we saw in their possession. after dinner we pursued our 
  voyage; Capt# Clark walked on shore with Charbono. I ascended the river 
  about six miles at which place the river washed the base of high clifts on 
  the Lard# side, here we halted a few minutes and were joined by Capt# C# 
  and Charbono and proceeded on to the entrance of a small run on N# side a 
  little below a large village on the same side opposite the sepulchre rock. 
  this village can raise about an hundred fighting men they call themselves. 
  they do not differ in any rispect from the village below. many of them 
  visited our camp this evening and remained with us untill we went to bed. 
  they then left us and retired to their quarters. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1324-1806-04-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday April 14th 1806 This morning at 7 oClock we were joined by Sgt# 
  Pryor and they three hunters they brought with them 4 deer which drewyer 
  had killed yesterday. we took brackfast and departed at 9 A#M# the wind 
  rose and Continued to blow hard all day but not so violent as to prevent 
  our proceeding. we kept Close allong the N# Shore all day. the river from 
  the rapids to the Commencement of the narrows is from 1/2 to 3/4 of a Mile 
  in wedth, and possesses but little Current. the bead is rock except at the 
  enterence of Labiech's river which heads in Mt. Hood and like the quick 
  Sand River brings down from thence Vast bodies of Sand the Mountains 
  through which the river passes nearly to Cataract River are high broken 
  rocky, particularly Covered with fir and white Cedar, and in maney places 
  very romantic scenes. Some handsom Cascades are Seen on either Side 
  tumbling from the Stupendious rocks of the mountains into the river. I 
  observe near the river the long leafed Pine which increas as we assend and 
  Superseeds the fir altogether about the Sepulchre rock. We find the trunks 
  of maney large pine trees Standing erect as they grew, at present in 30 
  feet water; they are much doated and none of them vegitateing. at the 
  lowest water of the river maney of those trees are in 10 feet water. the 
  Cause I have attempted to account for as I decended. at 1 P M# we arrived 
  at a large village Situated in a narrow bottom on the N# Side a little 
  above the enterance of Canoe Creek. their houses are reather detached, and 
  extend for Several Miles. they are about 20 in number. those people Call 
  themselves Wil~la~cum. they differ but little in appearance dress &c# 
  from those of the rapids. their men have Some legins and mockersons among 
  them. those are in the Stile of Chopunnish. they have Some good horss of 
  which we Saw 10 or 12 these are the first horses we have met with Since we 
  left this neighbourhood last fall in Short the Country below this place 
  will not permit the use of this valuable animal except in the Columbian 
  vally, and there the present inhabitents have no use for them as they 
  reside imediately on the river and the Country is too thickly timbd# We 
  halted at this village Dined and purchased five dogs, Some roots 
  Chappalell, Philberds and dried berries of the inhabitents. here I 
  observed Several habitations under ground; they were Sunk about 8 feet 
  deep and covered with Strong timber and Several feet of earth in a conic 
  form. those habitations are avacuated at present. they are about 16 feet 
  diamieter, nearly Circular, and are entered through a hole at top which 
  appears to answer the double purpose of a Chimney and a dore. from this 
  enterance you decend to the flore by a ladder. the present habitations of 
  those people were on the Surface of the ground and do not differ from 
  those of the tribes about the Rapids. their language is the Same with the 
  Che luck kit to quaws. these people appeared very friendly. Some of them 
  informed us that they had latterly returned from the War excurtion against 
  the Snake Indians who inhabit the upper part of the Multnomah river to the 
  S# E# of them they Call them To wan nah hi ooks. that they had been 
  fortunate in the expidition and had taken from their enimies most of the 
  horses which we Saw in their possession. after dinner we proceeded on our 
  voyage. I walked on Shore with Shabono on the N# Side through a handsom 
  bottom. met Several parties of women and boys in Serch of herbs & 
  roots to Subsist on maney of them had parcels of the Stems of the 
  Sunflower. I joined Capt Lewis and the party at 6 miles, at which place 
  the river washed the bottom of high Clifts on the N# Side. Several Canoes 
  over take us with families moveing up. we passed 3 encampments and came 
  too in the mouth of a Small Creek on the N# Side imediately below a 
  village and opposit the Sepulchar rock. this village Consists of about 100 
  fighting men of Several tribes from the plains to the North Collected here 
  waiting for the Salmon. they do not differ in any respect from those 
  below. many of them visited our Camp this evening and remaind. with us 
  untill we went to bead. they then left us and returned to their quarters. 
  made  ¿¿  miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1325-1806-04-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 15th 1806 We delayed this morning untill after breakfast in 
  order to purchase some horses of the Indians; accordingly we exposed some 
  articles in exchange for horses the natives were unwilling to barter, we 
  therefore put up our merchandize and at 8 A#M# we set out. we halted a few 
  minutes at the sepulchre rock, and examined the deposits of the ded at 
  that place. these were constructed in the same manner of those already 
  discribed below the rapids. some of them were more than half filled with 
  dead bodies. there were thirteen sepulchres on this rock which stands near 
  the center of the river and has a surface of about 2 acres above highwater 
  mark. from hence we returned to the nothern shore and continued up 
  it about four miles to another village of the same nation with whom we 
  remained last night. here we halted and informed the natives of our wish 
  to purchase horses; the produced us several for sale but would not take 
  the articles which we had in exchange for them. they wanted an instrumet 
  which the Northwest traders call an eye~dag which we had not. we procured 
  two dogs of them and departed. a little below the entrance of Cataract 
  river we halted at another village of the same people, at which we were 
  equally unsuccessful) in the purchase of horses. we also halted at the two 
  villages of the Chilluckkittequaws a few miles above with no better 
  success. at three in the evening we arrived at the entrance of Quinnette 
  creek which we ascended a short distance and encamped at the place we have 
  called rockfort camp. here we were visited by some of the people from the 
  villages at the great narrows and falls. we informed them of our wish to 
  purchase horses, & agreed to meet them on the opposite or North side 
  of the river tomorrow for the purpose of bartering with them. most of them 
  returned to their villages this evening three only remained with us all 
  night. these people are much better clad than any of the nations below; 
  their men have generally leging mockersons and large robes, many of them 
  wear shirts of the same form those of the Chopunnish and Shoshonees highly 
  ornamented with the quills of the porcupine as are also their mockersons 
  and legings. they conceal the parts of generation with the skin of a fox 
  or some other small animal drawn underneath a girdle and hanging loosly in 
  front of them like a narrow apron. the dress of their women differs very 
  little from those about the rapids. both men and women cut their hair in 
  the forehead which comes down as low as the eyebrows, they have long 
  earlocks cut square at the end. the other part of their hair is dressed in 
  the same manner as those of the rapids. after we landed and formed our 
  camp this evening Drewyer and some others took a hunt and killed a deer of 
  the longtailed kind. it was a buck and the young horns had shot fourth 
  about 2 inches. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1326-1806-04-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday April 15th 1806 We delayed this morning untill after brackfast in 
  order to purchase Some horses of the Indians; accordingly we exposed Some 
  articles in exchange for horses the nativs were unwilling to exchange 
  their horses, we put up our merchindize and at 8 A M# Set out. we halted a 
  fiew minits at the Sepulchar rock and examined the deposit of the dead at 
  that place. those were Constructed in the Same manner of those already 
  described below the rapids. Some of them were more than half filled with 
  dead bodies. there were 13 Sepulchers on this rock which Stands near the 
  Center of the river, and has a Cerface of about two acres above the 
  water. . from hence we returned to the Northern Shore and Continued up it 
  about 4 miles to a Village at the enterance of Cateract River, here we 
  halted and informed the nativs of our wish to purchase horses; the 
  produced Several for Sale but would not take the articles we had in 
  exchange for them. they wanted an instriment which the Northw Traders call 
  an eye dag which we had not. we precured two dogs and departed we also 
  halted at the two villages of the Chil luck kitequaws a fiew Ms# above 
  with no better Sucksess. at 3 in the evening we arivied at the enterance 
  of Quinnett Creek which we assended a Short distance and Encamped at the 
  place we had Called rock fort Camp. here we were visited by Some of the 
  people from the Villages at the long Narrows & Falls. we informed them 
  of our wish to purchase horses, and agreed to meet them on the opposit or 
  north Side on tomorrow for the purpose of bartering with them. most of 
  them returned to their village this evening three only remained with us 
  all night. those people are much better Clad than the nativs below. their 
  men have generaly Legins mockersons & large robes. Maney of them were 
  Shirts of the Same form of those of the Chopunnish & Shoshonees highly 
  ornamented with the quils of the purcupine, as are also their mockersons 
  & Legins. they Conseal the parts of generation with the Skins of the 
  Fox or Some other Small animal drawn under neath a girdle and hanging 
  loosely in front of them like a narrow apron. The dress of their women 
  differ verry little from those about the rapids. both men & women Cut 
  their hair in the forehead which comes down as low as the Eyebrows, they 
  have long ear locks Cut Square at the end. The other parts of their hair 
  is dressed in the Same Manner as those of the rapids. after we landld and 
  formed our Camp this evening Drewyer and some oths took a hunt and killed 
  a Deer of the log tailed kind. it was a Buck and the young deer horns had 
  Shot foth about two inches made  ¿¿  miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1327-1806-04-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 16th 1806. About 8 A#M# Capt# Clark passed the river with 
  the two interpreters, the indian woman and nine men in order to trade with 
  the natives for their horses, for which purpose he took with him a good 
  part of our stock of merchandize. I remained in camp; sent out the hunters 
  very early in the morning, and set Sergts# Gass and Pryor with some others 
  at work to make a parsel of packsaddles. twelve horses will be sufficient 
  to transport our baggage and some pounded fish which we intend taking with 
  us as a reserved store for the rocky mountains. I was visited today by 
  several of the natives, and amused myself in making a collection of the 
  esculent plants in the neighbourhood such as the Indians use, a specemine 
  of which I preserved. I also met with sundry other plants which were 
  strangers to me which I also preserved, among others there is a currant 
  which is now in blume and has yellow blossom something like the yellow 
  currant of the Missouri but is a different speceis. Reubin Feilds returned 
  in the evening and brought with him a large grey squrrel and two others of 
  a kind I had never before seen. they are a size less than the grey 
  squirrel common to the middle atlantic states and of a pided grey and 
  yellowish brown colour, in form it resembles our grey squrrel precisely. I 
  had them skined leaving the head feet and tail to them and placed in the 
  sun to dry. Joseph Feilds brought me a black pheasant which he had killed; 
  this I found on examination to be the large black or dark brown pheasant I 
  had met with on the upper part of the Missouri. it is as large as a well 
  grown fowl the iris of the eye is of a dark yellowish brown, the puple 
  black, the legs are booted to the toes, the tail is composed of 18 black 
  feathers tiped with bluish white, of which the two in the center are 
  reather shorter than the others which are all of the same length. over the 
  eye there is a stripe of a 1/4 of an inch in width uncovered with feathers 
  of a fine orrange yellow. the wide spaces void of feathers on the side of 
  the neck are also of the same colour. I had some parts of this bird 
  preserved. our present station is the last point at which there is a 
  single stick of timber on the river for a great distance and is the 
  commencement of the open plains which extend nearly to the base of the 
  rocky Mts. Labuish returned this evening having killed two deer I sent and 
  had them brought in. this evening Capt# C# informed me by some of the men 
  whom he sent over that that he had obtained no horses as yet of the 
  natives. that they promised to trade with him provided he would remove to 
  their vil~lage. to this he had consented and should proceede to the 
  Skillute village above the long narrows as soon as the men returned whom 
  he had sent to me for some other articles. I dispatched the men on their 
  return to capt# C# immediately with these articles and he set out with his 
  party accompanyed by the natives to their village where he remained all 
  night. the natives who had spent the day with me seemed very well 
  disposed, they left me at 6 in the evening and returned to their 
  rispective villages. the hunters informed me that they saw some Antelopes, 
  & the tracks of several black bear, but no appearance of any Elk. we 
  were informed by the Indians that the river which falls in on the S# side 
  of the Columbia just above the Eneshur village heads in Mount hood and 
  dose not water the extensive country which we have heretofore calculated 
  on. a great portion of that extensive tract of country to the S# and S# W# 
  of the Columbia and it's S# E# branch, and between the same and the waters 
  of Callifornia must be watered by the Multnomah river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1328-1806-04-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 16th 1806 Crossed the river and Sent Drewyer & Goodrich to the 
  Skil lute village to envite the Indians to trade horses with us, also sent 
  Frazer & Shabono to the Che~luck~kit~ti~quar village for the same 
  purpose a number of Indians came of both nations and delayed the greater 
  part of the day without tradeing a Single horse the Great Chief of the 
  Skillutes also came with Drewyer. he was lame and Could not walk he told 
  me if I would go to his Town his people would trade with me. I Set out 
  late and arrived at Sunset and informd. the natives that in the morning I 
  would trade with them. he gave me onions to eate which had been Sweated. 
  Peter played the violin and the men danced. Saw abt# 100 Stacks of fish. 
  maney nations visit this place for trade. the discription of the houses, 
  their dress habits &c# Smoked &c# I saw great numbers of horses 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1329-1806-04-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday April 16th 1806 about 8 oClock this morning I passed the river 
  with the two interpreters, and nine men in order to trade with the nativs 
  for their horses, for which purpose I took with me a good part of our 
  Stock of merchindize. Capt L# Sent out the hunters and Set Several men at 
  work makeing pack Saddles. twelve horses will be Sufficient to trans port 
  our baggage and Some pounded fish with our dried Elk. which we intend 
  takeing with us as a reserved Store for the Plains & rocky mountains. 
  I formed a Camp on the N# Side and Sent Drewyer & Goodrich to the 
  Skillute Village, and Shabono & Frazer down to the Chilluckkitequaw 
  Villages with derections to inform the nativs that I had Crossed the river 
  for the purpose of purchaseing horses, and if they had horses to Sell us 
  to bring them to my Camp. Great numbers of Indians came from both Villages 
  and delayed the greater part of the day without tradeing a Single horse. 
  Drewyer returned with the principal Chief of the Skillutes who was lame 
  and Could not walk. after his arival Some horses were offered for Sale, 
  but they asked nearly half the merchindize I had with me for one horse. 
  this price I could not think of giveing. the Chief informed me if I would 
  go to his town with him, his people would Sell me horses. I therefore 
  Concluded to accompany him to his Village 7 miles distant. we Set out and 
  arrived at the Village at Sunset. after Some Serimony I entered the house 
  of the Chief. I then informed them that I would trade with them for their 
  horses in the morning for which I would give for each horse the articles 
  which I had offered yestered. The Chief Set before me a large platter of 
  Onions which had been Sweeted. I gave a part of those onions to all my 
  party and we all eate of them, in this State the root is very Sweet and 
  the tops tender. the nativs requested the party to dance which they very 
  readily consented and Peter Cruzat played on the Violin and the men danced 
  Several dances & retired to rest in the houses of the 1st and Second 
  Cheif. 
  = 
  this village is moved about 300 yards below the Spot it Stood last fall at 
  the time we passed down. they were all above grown and built in the Same 
  form of those below already discribed. We observed maney stacks of fish 
  remaining untouched on either Side of the river. The Inhabitents of this 
  Village ware the robe of deer Elk Goat &c# and most of the men ware 
  Legins and mockersons and Shirts highly ornimented with Porcupine quills 
  & beeds. the women were the Truss most Commonly. tho Some of them have 
  long Shirts all of those articles they precure from other nations who 
  visit them for the purpose of exchangeing those articles for their pounded 
  fish of which they prepare great quantities. This is the Great Mart of all 
  this Country. ten different tribes who reside on Taptate and Catteract 
  River visit those people for the purpose of purchaseing their fish, and 
  the Indians on the Columbia and Lewis's river quite to the Chopunnish 
  Nation Visit them for the purpose of tradeing horses buffalow robes for 
  beeds, and Such articles as they have not. The Skillutes precure the most 
  of their Cloth knivs axes & beeds from the Indians from the North of 
  them who trade with white people who come into the inlets to the North at 
  no great distance from the Tapteet. their horses of which I saw great 
  numbers, they precure from the Indians who reside on the banks of the 
  Columbia above, and what fiew they take from the To war ne hi ooks or 
  Snake Indians. I smoked with all the principal men of this nation in the 
  house of their great Cheif and lay my Self down on a Mat to Sleep but was 
  prevented by the mice and vermin with which this house abounded and which 
  was very troublesom to me. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1330-1806-04-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 17th 1806. This morning early I sent out the hunters, and 
  set several additional hands about the packsaddles. I find that the 
  sturgeon is not taken by any of the natives above the Columbean vally. the 
  inhabitants of the rapids at this time take a few of the white salmon 
  trout and considerable quantities of a small indifferent mullet on which 
  they principally subsist# I have seen none except dryed fish of the last 
  season in the possession of the people above that place, they subsist on 
  roots principally with some dryed and pounded fish. the salmon not having 
  made their appearance proves a serious inconvenience to us. but few of the 
  natives visited my camp today and those only remained a few hours. even at 
  this place which is merely on the border of the plains of Columbia the 
  climate seems to have changed the air feels dryer and more pure. the earth 
  is dry and seems as if there had been no rain for a week or ten days. the 
  plain is covered with a rich virdure of grass and herbs from four to nine 
  inches high and exhibits a beautiful) seen particularly pleasing after 
  having been so long imprisoned in mountains and those almost impenetrably 
  thick forrests of the seacoast. Joseph Feilds brought me today three eggs 
  of the party coloured corvus, they are about the size and shape of those 
  of the pigeon. they are bluish white much freckled with dark redish brown 
  irregular spots, in short it is reather a mixture of those colours in 
  which the redish brown predominates, particularly towards the larger end. This 
  evening Willard and Cruzatte returned from Capt# Clark and brought me a 
  note in which Capt# C# informed me that he had sill been unsuccessful) 
  having not obtained a single horse as yet from the natives and the state 
  of our stores are so low that I begin to fear we shall not be enabled to 
  obtain as many horses at this place as will convey our baggage and unless 
  we do obtain a sufficient number for that purpose we shall not hasten our 
  progress as a part of our baggage must still be conveyed by water. Capt# 
  C# informed me that he should proceed as far as the Eneshur village today 
  and would return tomorrow and join me at the Skillute village to which 
  place I mean to proceed with the party tomorrow. I dispatched Shannon with 
  a note to Capt# Clark in which I requested him to double the price we have 
  heretofore offered for horses and if possible obtain as many as five, by 
  this means we shall be enabled to proceed immediately with our small 
  canoes and those horses to the villages in the neighbourhood of the mussel 
  shell rapid where horses are more abundant and cheaper; with the remainder 
  of our merchandize in addition to the canoes we can no doubt obtain as 
  many horses there as will answer our purposes. delay in the villages at 
  the narrows and falls will be expensive to us inasmuch as we will be 
  compelled to purchase both fuel and food of the indians, and might the 
  better enable them to execute any hostile desighn should they meditate any 
  against us. all the hunters returned in the evening. Sheilds had 
  killed one deer which he brought with him. the packsaddles were completed 
  this evening. I had some Elkskins put in the water today make harnes for 
  the packhorses but shall not cut them untill I know the number we can 
  obtain. there is a species of hiasinth in these plains the bulb of 
  which the natives eat either boiled baked or dryed in the sun. this bulb 
  is white, not entirely solid, and of a flat form; the bulb of the present 
  year overlays, or crowns that of the last, and seems to be pressed close 
  to it, the old bulb is withered much thiner equally wide with that of the 
  present year and sends fourth from it's sides a number of small radicles. this 
  hiasinth is of a pale blue colour and is a very pretty flower. I preserved 
  a specemine of it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1331-1806-04-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 17th 1806 I rose early and took a position near to the village and 
  exposed the artiles I had for Sale Great numbers of Indians Came from 
  different derections, Some from below Some above and others across the 
  Countrey from the Tapteet river See description of the Nations &c# ¬ I 
  obtained a Sketch of the Columbia as also Clarks river. See sketch I made 
  a bargin with the Chief who has more horses than all the village besides 
  for 2 horses. Soon after he Canseled his bargin, and we again bargined for 
  3 horses, they were brought forward, and only one fit for Service, the 
  others had Such intolerable backs as to render them entirely unfit for 
  Service. as I would not take the 3 he would not Sell the good one to me, 
  and we were off the bargin. I then packed up and was about Setting out for 
  the Falls when one Indian Sold me 2 horses and one other one horse, and 
  Some others Said they wished to trade which caused me to conclude to delay 
  here one other night. Maney of the natives from above Come and Said they 
  would trade, but asked a higher price than I thought I could give or 
  reather more than this nation asked. Great numbers of Men. I 
  hed to purchase 3 dogs for the men to eate & Some Shap~per~lell. I 
  Sent Crusat, Wiser, Willard and McNeal back to Capt Lewis informing him of 
  my ill Suck'sess, and adviseing him to proceed on to this place as Soon as 
  possible, and my intention of proceededing on to the falls to purchase 
  horses if possible Several Indians arived late this evening. Capt# Lewis 
  Sent me a note by Shannon informing me that he would Set early on tomorrow 
  morning early &c# &c# I sleped in house of the 2d Chief and they 
  had not any thing except fish to eate and no wood for fire. those people 
  have a number of buffalow robes. They have great number of Skimming nets 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1332-1806-04-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 17th of April 1806 I rose early after bad nights rest, and took 
  my merchindize to a rock which afforded an elegable Situation for my 
  purpose, and at a Short distance from the houses, and divided the articles 
  of merchindize into parsels of Such articles as I thought best Calculated 
  to pleas the Indians, and in each parcel I put as many articles as we 
  could afford to give, and thus exposed them to view, informing the Indians 
  that each parcel was intended for a horse. they tanterlised me the greater 
  part of the day, Saying that they had Sent out for their horses and would 
  trade as Soon as they Came. Several parcels of merchindize was laid by for 
  which they told me they would bring horses. I made a bargin with the Chief 
  for 2 horses, about an hour after he canseled the bargin and we again 
  bargained for 3 horses which were brought foward, only one of the 3 could 
  be possibly used the other two had Such intolerable backs as to render 
  them entirely unfit for Service. I refused to take two of them which 
  displeased him and he refused to part with the 3rd. I then packed up the 
  articles and was about Setting out for the Village above when a man Came 
  and Sold me two horses, and another man Sold me one horse, and Several 
  others informed me that they would trade with me if I would Continue 
  untill their horses could be drove up. this induced me to Continue at this 
  Village another day. Maney of the nativs from different villages on the 
  Columbia above offered to trade, but asked Such things as we had not and 
  double as much of the articles which I had as we could afford to give. 
  this was a very unfavourable circumstance as my dependance for precureing 
  a Sufficiency of horses rested on the Suckcess above where I had reasons 
  to believe there were a greater abundance of those animals, and was in 
  hopes of getting them on better terms. I purchased 3 dogs for the party 
  with me to eate and Some Chap~pa~lell for my Self. before precureing the 3 
  horses I dispatched Crusat, Willard & McNeal and Peter Wiser to Capt 
  Lewis at the Rock fort Camp with a note informing him of my ill Suckcess 
  in precureing horses, and advised him to proceed on to this place as Soon 
  as possible. that I would in the mean time proceed on to the Enesher 
  Nation above the Great falls and try to purchase Some horses of that 
  people. Soon after I had dispatched this party the Chief of the Enesher's 
  and 15 or 20 of his people visited me and appeared to be anxious to See 
  the articles I offered for the horses. Several of them agreeed to let me 
  have horses if I would add Sundery articles to those I offered which I 
  agreeed to, and they lay'd those bundles by and informed me they would 
  deliver me the horses in the morning. I proposed going with them to their 
  Town. the Chief informed me that their horses were all in the plains with 
  their womin gathering roots. they would Send out and bring the horses to 
  this place tomorrow. this entiligence was flattering, tho I doubted the 
  Sincerity of those people who had Several times disapointed me in a 
  Similar way. however I deturmined to Continue untill tomorrow. in the mean 
  time industously employd# our Selves with the great multitude of indians 
  of differant Nations about us trying to purchase horses. Shabono purchased 
  a verry fine Mare for which he gave Hurmen, Elks Teeth, a belt and Some 
  other articles of no great value. no other purchase was made in the Course 
  of this day. in the evening I recved a note from Capt L ¬ by Shannon 
  informing me that he Should Set out early on tomorrow morning and Should 
  proceed up to the bason 2 miles below the Skillute Village. and adviseing 
  me to give double the prices which we had first agreed on for each horse. 
  I observe at every house Scooping Nets with which they take the Salmon. 
  = 
  I was envited into the house of the 2nd Chief where Concluded to Sleep. 
  this man was pore nothing to eat but dried fish, and no wood to burn. 
  altho the night was Cold they Could not rase as much wood as would make a 
  fire 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1333-1806-04-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 18th 1806. Late last evening we were visited by the principal 
  cheif of Chilluckkittaquaws and 12 of his nation they remained with us 
  untill 9 OC# when they all departed except the Cheif and two others who 
  slept at my feet. we loaded our vessels and set out after an early 
  breakfast this morning. we gave the indians a passage to the N# shore on 
  which they reside and pursued our rout to the foot of the first rapid at 
  the distance of 4 ms# here we found it necessary to unload the perogues 
  and canoes and make a portage of 70 paces over a rock; we then drew our 
  vessels up by a cord and the assistance of setingpoles. from hence we 
  proceeded to the bason below the long narrows 5 ms# further and landed on 
  the Lard# side at 1/2 after 3. the Cheif when he left me this morning 
  promised to bring some horses to barter with me at the bason. the long 
  narrows are much more formidable than they were when we decended them last 
  fall there would be no possibility of passind either up or down them in 
  any vessel. after unloading the canoes and arranging the camp I 
  walked up to the Skillute Village and jouined Capt# he had procured four 
  horses only for which a high price had been given, at least more than 
  double that which we had formerly given for those which we purchased from 
  the Shoshonees and the first band of Flatheads. they have a great 
  abundance of horses but will not dispose of them. we determined to make 
  the portage to the head of the long narrows with our baggage and five 
  small canoes. the 2 perogues we could take no further and therefore cut 
  them up for fuel. in the evening Capt# C# and myself returned to the camp 
  at the bason and left Drewyer and three others with the merchandize at the 
  village, three parsels of which had been laid by at the request of 
  individuals who promised to give us horses for them in the morning. I 
  shot my airgun in the presents of the natives at the village which excited 
  great astonishment. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1334-1806-04-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 18th 1806 early this morning I was awoke by a Indian from the 
  nieghbourhood of our horses, he had he arived here yesterday & this 
  morning found a Small bag of powder and ball which had been left when we 
  exposed our goods yesterday and brought it to me. I had a fire made out 
  and exposed the articles &c# having increased the articles for each 
  horse, and Sent out 2 men to hunt the horses bought yesterday. after 
  Colecting them Sent Shabono and Frazer with the 4 I had purchased down to 
  Capt Lewis. and was tanterlised with the expectation of purchaseing more 
  imediately. Great numbers of the Indians from the falls and both above and 
  below. none of them appeared anxious to part with their horses but told me 
  that Several were Comeing from the plains about 1 or 2 P M# and laid by 2 
  parcels of merchindize and told me that they had Sent for their horses. 
  among other Tribes was those of the Skad~datts who bantered the Skillutes 
  to play with them at a Singular Kind of game which was Soon Made up and 9 
  of aside Sat down they were Some time making up their bets of Beeds, brass 
  thimbles or tubes robes &c# &c# when the bets were all made up the 
  nine on each Side took opposides faceing each other at the distance of 
  about 12 feet. in front of each party was placed a long pole on which they 
  Struck with a Stick and Sung. they made use of 2 Small pices of bone in 
  this form and Size a bone was given to 2 men of the Same party who changed 
  it from hand to hand with great dexterity one hand above the other looking 
  down, and when he was ready for the opposit party to guess he Seperated 
  his hands Swinging them around the breast looking at the opposit party who 
  waved their hand to the Side the bone was in. if the opposit party guessed 
  the hand of each man the bone was given to them. if neither it was 
  nothing. if they guessed one which they might single out if they pleased 
  they recived his bone, and lost on the other as they hapened to fail in 
  guessing the also lose one if they fail guessing both The game is plaid at 
  different numbers & each party has 5 sticks. Several of those games 
  were played to day in which the Skillute won, indeed the won all the beeds 
  and Som robes of the Skad datts which they  ¿¿ _ one other game which they 
  also played  ¿¿ _ 2 by men with 4 Sticks. 2 black & 2 White under a 
  kind of hat made of bark. as this is a very intrecut game I cannot 
  describe it: the one who holds the Sticks places them in different 
  positions, and the opposit party, guess the position of the black Sticks 
  by a motion of either one or both of the hands. each man has 4 Sticks. 
  this as also the other is accompanied with a kind of Song. This hat is 
  about 12 inches diamuter and the Sticks about 5 inches long ¬ at 3 P 
  M Sergt Ordway arived with 3 men from Capt Lewis with elk skins and Some 
  fiew articles Such as a Coat & robes. I had 3 dogs purchased, Soon 
  after Capt# Lewis Came up with J# Fields he had assended the river with 
  much dificuelty to the bason 2 Miles below. I left Drewyer, Warner, 
  Shannon & Goodrich with the articles and went down with Capt Lewis to 
  the bason, Cut up 2 of our canoes for fire wood no horses more maney 
  nations resort here for trade 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1335-1806-04-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 18th April 1806 Early this Morning I was awoke by an indian man of 
  the Chopunnish Nation who informed me that he lived in the neighbourhood 
  of our horses. this man delivered me a bag of powder and ball which he had 
  picked up this morning at the place the goods were exposed yesterday I had 
  a fire made of Some poles purchased of the nativs at a Short distance from 
  the houses and the articles exposed as yesterday. Collected the 4 horses 
  purchased yesterday and Sent Frazier and Shabono with them to the bason 
  where I expected they would meet Cap L~s and Commence the portage of the 
  baggage on those horses. about 10 A#M# the Indians Came down from the 
  Eneesher Villages and I expected would take the articles which they had 
  laid by yesterday. but to my estonishment not one would make the exchange 
  to day. two other parcels of good were laid by and the horses promised at 
  2 P#M# I payed but little attention to this bargain however Suffered the 
  bundles to lye. I dressed the Sores of the principal Chief gave Some Small 
  things to his children and promised the Chief Some Medicine for to Cure 
  his Sores. his wife who I found to be a Sulky Bitch and was Somewhat 
  efflicted with pains in her back. this I thought a good oppertunity to get 
  her on my Side giveing here Something for her back. I rubed a little 
  Camphere on her temples and back, and applyed worm flannel to her back 
  which She thought had nearly restored her to her former feelings. this I 
  thought a favourable time to trade with the Chief who had more horses than 
  all the nation besides. I accordingly made him an offer which he excepted 
  and Sold me two horses. Great numbers of Indians from defferent derections 
  visited me at this place to day, none of them appeared willing to part 
  with their horses, but told me that Several were Comeing from the plains 
  this evening. among other Nations who visit this place for the purpose of 
  trade is the Skad~datt's. those people bantered the Skillutes to play at a 
  Singular kind of game. in the Course of the day the Skillutes won all 
  their beeds Skins arrows &c# This game was Composed of 9 men on a 
  Side. they Set down opposit to each other at the distance of about 10 
  feet. in front of each party a long pole was placed on which they Struck 
  with a Small Stick to the time of their Songs. after the bets were made up 
  which was nearly half an hour after they Set down, two round bones was 
  producd about the Size of a mans little finger or Something Smaller and 
  21/4 inches in length. which they held in their hand Changeing it from one 
  hand to the other with great dexterity. 2 men on the Same Side performed 
  this part, and when they had the bone in the hand they wished, they looked 
  at their advosarys Swinging arms around their Sholders for their advosary 
  Guess which they pirformed by the motion the hand either to the right or 
  left. if the opposit party guessed the hand of both of the men who had the 
  bone, the bones were given to them. if neither the bones was retained and 
  nothing Counted. if they guessed one and not the other, one bone was 
  dilivered up and the party possessing the other bone Counted one. and one 
  for every time the advosary miss guessed untill they guessed the hand in 
  which the bone was in ¬ in this game each party has 5 Sticks. and one Side 
  wins all the Sticks, once twice or thrice as the game may be Set. I 
  observed another game which those people also play and is played by 2 
  persons with 4 Sticks about the Size of a mans finger and about 7 inches 
  in length. two of those Sticks are black and the other 2 White and 
  Something larger than the black ones. those Sticks they place in defferent 
  positions which they perform under a kind of trencher made of bark round 
  and about 14 inches diamieter. this is a very intricate game and I cannot 
  Sufficiently understand to discribe it. the man who is in possession of 
  the Sticks &c places them in defferent positions, and the opposit 
  party tels the position of the black Sticks by a motion of either or both 
  of his hands &c# this game is Counted in the Same way as the one 
  before mentioned. all their games are accompanied with Songs and time. at 
  3 P# M Sergt# Ordway & three men arived from Cap Lewis they brought 
  with them Several Elk Skins, two of my Coats and 4 robes of the party to 
  add to the Stores I had with me for the purchase of horses. Sgt# O. 
  informed me that Cap L# had arived with all the Canoes into the bason 2 
  miles below and wished Some dogs to eate. I had 3 dogs purchased and Sent 
  down. at 5 P#M# Capt# Lewis Came up. he informed me that he had the river 
  to the bason with much difecuelty and danger, haveing made one portage. as 
  I had not Slept but very little for the two nights past on account of mice 
  & virmen with which those indian houses abounded, and haveing no 
  blanket with me, and the means of keeping a fire Sufficent to keep me worm 
  out was too Expensive I deturmined to proceed with Capt L# down to Camp at 
  the bason. I left the Articles of Merchendize &c# with Drewyer, 
  Werner, Shannon & Goodrich untill the morning ¬ at the bason we 
  Cut up two of our Canoes for fire wood verry much to the Sagreen of the 
  nativs not with standing they would give us nothing for them. In my 
  absence Several Inds# visited Capt# Lewis at his camp among others was the 
  great Cheif of the Chilluckkitquaw who Continued with him untill he left 
  Rock fort Camp. Capt L# had 12 pack Saddles Completed and Strings prepared 
  of the Elk skins for Lashing the loads he also kept out all the hunters 
  who killed just deer enough for the party with him to Subsist on. The 
  Cheif who had Visited Capt Lewis promised him that he would bring Some 
  horses to the bason and trade with him. but he was not as good as his 
  word. Capt Lewis gave a large Kittle for a horse which was offered to him 
  at the bason this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1336-1806-04-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday Aprl. 19th 1806. This morning early we had our small canoes drawn 
  out, and employed all hands in transporting our baggage on their backs and 
  by means of the four pack horses, over the portage. This labour we had 
  accomplished by 3 P#M# and established our camp a little above the present 
  Skil~lute village which has been removed a few hundred yards lower down 
  the river than when we passed them last fall and like others below have 
  the floors of their summer dwellings on the surface of the earth instead 
  of those cellars in which they resided when we passed them. there was 
  great joy with the natives last night in consequence of the arrival of the 
  salmon; one of those fish was caught; this was the harbinger of good news 
  to them. they informed us that these fish would arrive in great quantities 
  in the course of about 5 days. this fish was dressed and being divided 
  into small peices was given to each child in the village. this custom is 
  founded in a supersticious opinon that it will hasten the arrival of the 
  salmon. with much difficulty we obtained four other horses from the 
  Indians today, we wer obliged to dispence with two of our kettles in order 
  to acquire those. we have now only one small kettle to a mess of 8 men. in 
  the evening Capt# Clark set out with four men to the Enesher village at 
  the grand falls in order to make a further attempt to procure horses. 
  these people are very faithless in their contracts. they frequently 
  receive the merchandize in exchange for their horses and after some hours 
  insist on some additional article being given them or revoke the exchange. 
  they have pilfered several small articles from us this evening. I 
  directed the horses to be hubbled & suffered to graize at a little 
  distance from our camp under the immediate eye of the men who had them in 
  charge. one of the men Willard was negligent in his attention to his horse 
  and suffered it to ramble off; it was not to be found when I ordered the 
  others to be brought up and confined to the picquits. this in addition to 
  the other difficulties under which I laboured was truly provoking. I 
  repremanded him more severely for this peice of negligence than had been 
  usual with me. I had the remaining horses well secured by picquits; they 
  were extreemly wrestless and it required the attention of the whole guard 
  through the night to retain them notwithstanding they were bubbled and 
  picquted. they frequently throwed themselves by the ropes by which they 
  were confined. all except one were stone horse for the people in this 
  neighbourhood do not understand the art of gelding them, and this is a 
  season at which they are most vicious. many of the natives remained about 
  our camp all night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1337-1806-04-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 19th 1806 this morning early Some rain had the Small Canoes hauled 
  out to dry every man Capable of Carrying a load Comencd the portage and by 
  5 P# M had every part of our baggage and canoes across the portage. I then 
  took Sgt# Pryor, G# Shannon & Crusat & Labiech and went up to the 
  falls at which place I arivd. about 8 P#M# in the Course of this day I 
  purchased 4 horses at the town & Capt Lewis purchased one. the nativs 
  finding that we were about to proceed on by water Sold us those fiew 
  horses for which we were Compd# to pay them emence prices and the horses 
  were indefferent. Several Showers of rain this day. description of those 
  people &c narrows bad 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1338-1806-04-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 19th April 1806. We deturmined to make the portage to the head of 
  the long narrows with our baggage and 5 Small Canoes, the 2 large Canoes 
  we Could take no further and therefore Cut them up for fuel. we had our 
  Small Canoes drawn up very early and employed all hands in transporting 
  our baggage on their backs and by means of 4 pack horses, over the 
  portage. This labour we had accomplished by 3 P#M# and established our 
  Camp a little above the present Skillute village which has been removed as 
  before observed a fiew hundred yards lower down the river than when we 
  passed it last fall. I left Capt L# at the bason and proceeded to the 
  village early this morning with a view to recive the horses which were 
  promised to be brought this morning for articles laid by last evining. in 
  the Course of this day I purchased four horses at the Village, and Capt 
  Lewis one at the bason before he left it. after the baggage was all Safely 
  landed above the portage, all hands brought over the Canoes at 2 lodes 
  which was accomplished by 5 P#M# as we had not a Sufficiency of horses to 
  transport our baggage we agreed that I should proceed on to the Enesher 
  villages at the great falls of the Columbia and if possible purchase as 
  maney horses as would transport the baggage from that place, and rid us of 
  the trouble and dificuelty of takeing our Canoes further. I set out with 
  Serjt Pryor, Geo Shannon Peter Crusat & Labiech at half past 5 P#M# 
  for the Enesher Village at which place I arrived at 8 P#M# Several Showers 
  of rain in the after part of to day, and the S W wind very high. there was 
  great joy with the nativs last night in consequence of the arrival of the 
  Salmon; one of those fish was cought, this was the harbenger of good news 
  to them. They informed us that those fish would arive in great quantities 
  in the Course of about 5 days. this fish was dressed and being divided 
  into Small pieces was given to each Child in the village. this Custom is 
  founded on a Supersticious opinion that it will hasten the arrival of the 
  Salmon. 
  = 
  we were oblige to dispence with two of our kitties in order to acquire two 
  of the horses purchasd. to day. we have now only one Small kittle to a 
  mess of 8 men. These people are very fathless in Contracts; they 
  frequently reive the merchindize in exchange for their horses and after 
  Some hours insist on Some additional article being given them or revoke 
  the exchange. 
  = 
  The long narrows are much more formadable than they were when we decended 
  them last fall, there would be no possibility of passing either up or down 
  them in any vessle at this time. 
  = 
  I entered the largest house of the Eneeshers village in which I found all 
  the enhabitents in bead. they rose and made a light of Straw, they haveing 
  no wood to burn. many men Collected. we Smoked and I informed them that I 
  had come to purchase a fiew horses of them. they promused to Sell me Some 
  in the morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1339-1806-04-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 20th 1806. some frost this morning. The Enesher an Skillutes 
  are much better clad than they were last fall, there men have generally 
  legings mockersons and large robes; many of them wear shirts of the same 
  form with those of the Shoshone Chopunnish &c highly ornamented with 
  porcupine quills. the dress of their women differs very little from those 
  of the great rapids and above. their children frequently wear robes of the 
  large grey squirrel skins, those of the men and women are principally deer 
  skins, some wolf, elk, bighorn and buffaloe; the latter they procure from 
  the nations who sometimes visit the Missouri. indeed a considerable 
  poportion of their wearing apparel is purchased from their neighbours to 
  the N# W# in exchange for pounded fish copper and beads. at present the 
  principal village of the Eneshur is below the falls on the N# side of the 
  river. one other village is above the falls on the S# side and another a 
  few miles above on the N# side. the first consists of 19, the 2cd of 11, 
  and the 3rd of 5 lodges. their houses like those of the Skillutes have 
  their floors on the surface of the ground, but are formed of sticks and 
  covered with mats and straw. they are large and contain usually several 
  families each for fuel they use straw, small willows and the southern 
  wood. they use the silk grass in manufacturing their fishing nets and 
  bags, the bear grass and cedar bark are employed in forming a variety of 
  articles. they are poor, dirty, proud, haughty, inhospitable, parsimonious 
  and faithless in every rispect, nothing but our numbers I beleive prevents 
  their attempting to murder us at this moment. 
  = 
  This morning I was informed that the natives had pilfered six tommahawks 
  and a knife from the party in the course of the last night. I spoke to the 
  cheif on this subject. he appeared angry with his people and addressed 
  them but the property was not restored. one horse which I had purchased 
  and paid for yesterday and which could not be found when I ordered the 
  horses into close confinement yesterday I was now informed had been 
  gambled away by the rascal who had sold it to me and had been taken away 
  by a man of another nation. I therefore took the goods back from this 
  fellow. I purchased a gun from the cheif for which I gave him 2 Elkskins. 
  in the course of the day I obtained two other indifferent horses for which 
  I gave an extravigant price. I found that I should get no more horses and 
  therefore resolved to proceed tomorrow morning with those which I had and 
  to convey the baggage in two small canoes that the horses could not carry. 
  for this purpose I had a load made up for seven horses, the eighth Bratton 
  was compelled to ride as he was yet unable to walk. I barted my Elkskins 
  old irons and 2 canoes for beads. one of the canoes for which they would 
  give us but little I had cut up for fuel. These people have yet a large 
  quantity of dryed fish on hand yet they will not let us have any but for 
  an exorbitant price. we purchased two dogs and some shappellel from them. 
  I had the horses graized untill evening and then picquited and bubbled 
  within the limits of our camp. I ordered the indians from our camp this 
  evening and informed them that if I caught them attempting to perloin any 
  article from us I would beat them severely. they went off in reather a bad 
  humour and I directed the party to examine their arms and be on their 
  guard. they stole two spoons from us in the course of the day. The 
  Scaddals, Squan~nan~os, Shan~wah~purrs and Shallattas reside to the N# W# 
  of these people, depend on hunting deer and Elk and trade with these 
  people for ther pounded fish. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1340-1806-04-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 20th 1806 This morning very Cold hills covered with Snow. I Showed 
  the nativs what I had to give for their horses and attempted to purchase 
  them. they informed me that they would not Sell any horses to me, that 
  their horses were at a long ways off and they would not trade them. my 
  offer was a blue robe, Callico Shirt, a handkerchef, 5 parcels of paint a 
  Knife, a wampom moon 4 braces of ribin, a pice of Brass and about 6 braces 
  of yellow heeds; and to that amount for what I had I also offered my large 
  blue blanket for one, my Coat Sword & Plume none of which Seem to 
  entice those people to give horses if they had any. they Set in their huts 
  which is of mats Supported on poles without fire. at night when they wish 
  a light they burn dry Straw & Some fiew Small dry willows. they Speak 
  defferent from those below, have but little to eate. Some roots & 
  Dryed fish is to be found in their houses. I am half frozed at this 
  inhospitable Village which is moved from its position above the falls to 
  one below and Contains 19 large houses, a village is also established on 
  the other Side imedeately above the falls. all the natives who was 
  established above the Falls for Some distance has removed Those people are 
  much better dressed than they were at the time we went down the river. 
  They have all new, Deer, Elk, Ibex Goat & wolf Skin robes, their 
  Children also the large squirel Skin robes, maney of them have Legins and 
  mockersons, all of which they precure of the Indians at a distance in 
  exchange for their pounded fish & Beeds, they also purchase Silk 
  grass, of which they make their nets & Sales for takeing fish they 
  also purchase Bear grass and maney other things for their fish. those 
  people gave me roots and berries prepared in different ways for which I 
  gave some Small articles in return. Great numbers of Skiming knets on 
  their houses. Those people are Pore and Kind durty & indolt. They ware 
  their hair loose flowing the men cut in the foward which the Skilloots do 
  not &c# &c# 
  = 
  I could not precure a Single horse of those people, dureing this day at 
  any price, they offered me 2 for 2 kittles of which we Could not spear. I 
  used every artifice decent & even false Statements to enduce those 
  pore devils to Sell me horses. in the evening two different men offered to 
  Sell me three horses which they informed me was a little distance off and 
  they would bring them imediately. those two persons as I found went 
  imediately off up the river to their tribe without any intention to find 
  or Sell their horses. a little before Sunset 3 men arived from Some 
  distance above and informed me that they Came to See me. at Sunset finding 
  no probability of Capt Lewis arival, packed up the articles and took them 
  into the lodge in which I lay last night. Great numbers of those people 
  geathered around me to Smoke. I gave them 2 pipes and lay down in the back 
  part of the house with Sgt# P# & the men with our arms in a Situation 
  as to be ready in case of any alarm. those pore people appear entirely 
  harmless ¬ I purchased a dog and Some wood with a little pounded fish 
  and Chappaless. made a fire on the rocks and Cooked the dogs on which the 
  men breckfast & Dined. wind hard all day cold from N W# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1341-1806-04-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 20th April 1806 a very cold morning the western mountains Covered 
  with Snow I Shewed the Eneshers the articles I had to give for their 
  horses. they without hezitation informed me that they would not Sell me 
  any for the articles I had, if I would give them Kitties they would let me 
  have horses, and not without. that their horses were at a long ways off in 
  the planes and they would not Send for them &c# my offer was a blue 
  robe, a Calleco Shirt, a Silk handkerchief, 5 parcels of paint, a knife, a 
  Wampom moon, 8 yards of ribon, Several pieces of Brass, a mockerson awl 
  and 6 braces of yellow beeds; and to that amount for each horse which is 
  more than double what we gave either the Sohsohne or first flat heads we 
  met with on Clarks river I also offered my large blue blanket, my Coat 
  Sword & plume none of which Seamed to entice those people to Sell 
  their horses. not with standing every exertion not a Single horse Could be 
  precured of those people in the Course of the day. Those people are much 
  better Clad than they were last fall, their men have generally legins 
  mockersons and large robes. maney of them ware Shirts of the Same form of 
  those of the Chopunnish and Shoshone highly ornimented with porcupine 
  quills. the dress of their winen differs verry little from those above the 
  great rapids. their Children have Small robes of the Squirel Skins. those 
  of the men & women are principally deer, Some elk, wolf, Ibix & 
  buffalow which they precure from distant nations who purchase their 
  Pounded fish in exchange for those robes & Beeds. The principal 
  village of the Enesher nation is imedeately below the falls on the N# 
  Side. one other village of the Same nation above the falls on the opposit 
  Side and one other a few miles above on the North Side. The Houses 
  of those people like the Skillutes have the flores of their Summer 
  dwelling on the Surface of the earth in Sted of those Sellers in which 
  they resided when we passed them last fall. those houses are Covered with 
  mats and Straw are large and Contain Several families each. I counted 19 
  at this Village & 11 on the opposit Side. those people are pore durty 
  haughty. they burn Straw and Small willows. have but little to eate and 
  deer with what they have. they precure the Silk grass of which they make 
  their nets, the bear grass for makeing their mats and Several other 
  necessary of the Indians of the following nations who trade with them as 
  also the Skillutes for their pounded fish. Viz# Skad~dats, Squan~nun~os, 
  Shan~wappoms, Shall~lat~tos, who reside to the north and Several bands who 
  reside on the Columbia above. I precured a Sketch of the Columbia 
  and its branches of those people in which they made the river which falls 
  into the Columbia imediately above the falls on the South Side to branch 
  out into 3 branches one of which they make head in Mt.jefferson, one in 
  mount Hood and the other in the S W# range of Mountains and does not water 
  that extensive Country we have heretofore Calculated on. a great portion 
  of that extensive tract of Country to the S# and S# W# of the Columbia and 
  Lewis's river and between the Same and the waters of Callifornia must be 
  watered by the Multnomah river. See Sketch in the latter part of 
  this book (No# 5). Those people are great jokies and deciptfull in trade. 
  = 
  at Sunset finding that Capt Lewis would not arrive this evening as I 
  expected, I packed up all the articles which I had exposed, at a Situation 
  I had pitched on to Encamp, and at which place we had bought as maney 
  fishing poles as made a fire to Cook a dog which I had purchased for the 
  men to eate, and returned to the lodge which I had Slept in last night. 
  great number gathered around me to Smoke, I gave them two pipes, and then 
  lay my self down with the men to Sleep, haveing our merchendize under our 
  heads and guns &c in our arms, as we always have in Similar Situations 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1342-1806-04-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 21st 1806. Notwithstanding all the precautions I had taken 
  with rispect to the horses one of them had broken his cord of 5 strands of 
  Elkskin and had gone off spanseled. I sent several men in surch of the 
  horse with orders to return at 10 A#M# with or without the horse being 
  determined to remain no longer with these villains. they stole another 
  tomahawk from us this morning I surched many of them but could not find 
  it. I ordered all the spare poles, paddles and the ballance of our canoe 
  put on the fire as the morning was cold and also that not a particle 
  should be left for the benefit of the indians. I detected a fellow in 
  stealing an iron socket of a canoe pole and gave him several severe blows 
  and mad the men kick him out of camp. I now informed the indians that I 
  would shoot the first of them that attempted to steal an article from us. 
  that we were not affraid to fight them, that I had it in my power at that 
  moment to kill them all and set fire to their houses, but it was not my 
  wish to treat them with severity provided they would let my property 
  alone. that I would take their horses if I could find out the persons who 
  had stolen the tommahawks, but that I had reather loose the property 
  altogether than take the hose of an inosent person. the chiefs were 
  present hung their heads and said nothing. at 9 A#M# Windsor returned with 
  the lost horse, the others who were in surch of the horse soon after 
  returned also. the Indian who promised to accompany me as far as the 
  Chopunnish country produced me two horses one of which he politely gave me 
  the liberty of packing. we took breakfast and departed a few minutes after 
  10 OClock. having nine horses loaded and one which Bratton rode not being 
  able as yet to march; the two canoes I had dispatched early this morning. 
  at 1 P#M# I arrived at the Enesher Village where I found Capt Clark and 
  party; he had not purchased a single horse. he informed me that these 
  people were quite as unfriendly as their neighbours the Skillutes, and 
  that he had subsisted since he left me on a couple of platters of pounded 
  roots and fish which an old man had the politeness to offer him. his party 
  fared much better on dogs which he purchased from those people. the man 
  resided here from whom I had purchased the horse which ran off from me 
  yesterday. I had given him a large kettle and a knife in exchange for that 
  horse which I informed him should be taken from him unles he produced me 
  the lost horse or one of equal value in his stead, the latter he prefered 
  and produced me a very good horse which I very cheerfully received. we 
  soon made the portage with our canoes and baggage and halted about 1/2 a 
  mile above the Village where we graized our horses and took dinner on some 
  dogs which we purchased of these people. after dinner we proceeded on 
  about four miles to a village of 9 mat lodges of the Enesher a little 
  below the entrance of Clark's river and encamped; one of the canoes joined 
  us the other not observing us halt continued on. we obtained two dogs and 
  a small quantity of fuel of these people for which we were obliged to give 
  a higher price than usual. our guide continued with us, he appears to be 
  an honest sincere fellow. he tells us that the indians a little above will 
  treat us with much more hospitality than those we are now with. we 
  purchased another horse this evening but his back is in such a horid state 
  that we can put but little on him; we obtained him for a trifle, at least 
  for articles which might be procured in the U States for 10 shillings 
  Virga Cory. we took the precaution of piquting and spanseling our horses 
  this evening near our camp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1343-1806-04-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  April 21st 1806 a fair Cold morning. I find it useless to offer any 
  articles or attempt to trade at this village and therefore deturmine to 
   ¿¿  before I rose the house was Crouded with Indians to Smoke I gave them 
  none. they are well Supplied with Straw & bark bags ready to hold 
  their pounded fish. at 12 oClock the advance of the party from below 
  arived and Soon after the Canoes all things were taken above the falls 
  & 2 Canoes, turned out the horss and Cooked & Eat 2 dogs which we 
  purchased of the nativs, purchased one horse for Which we are to give a 
  Kittle which was given by us to a man for a horse 3 days past &c# the 
  horse was either taken or Strayed off. The Chief from below Came up and 
  appeared Concerned for what had been done at his Village (See Journal) 
  = 
  a 4 P M loaded up & Set out the Canoes also proceed on about 3 miles 
  opposit to the Mouth of Clarks river, and an Indian man who has attached 
  himself to us and who has lent us a horse to pack & lives near the 
  Rocky mountains. he told us that as the day was far Spent we had better 
  Camp at a village of 9 Lodges a little off the road opsd# the River 
  CClarks This river has a great falls above 2 forks on its West Side. we 
  formed a Camp purchased Some wood & 3 dogs for which we gave pewter 
  buttons which buttons we had made &c# but fiew Indians with us this 
  evining purchased an old horse and tied up all the horses when we went to 
  bed 
  = 
  Those are the Same people with those below at the falls. See journal for 
  the next day ¬  
  = 
  Skad data ill looking people reside to the N about 18 or 20 miles they 
  played against the Skillutes a game they Call  ¿¿  9 of a Side and lost 
  all the beeds & other articles 
  = 
  also a Single game with 2 black & 2 white Sticks under a kind of hat. 
  2 men played this game is intricit and each party has 4 pegs to count it 
  = 
  The former game is played with 2 bones or Sticks about the Size of a large 
  quill and 2 inches long passing from one hand to the other and the adverse 
  party guess. See description before mentioned. The nations abov at the 
  falls also play this game and bet high 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1344-1806-04-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 21st April 1806 A fair Cold morning I found it useless to make any 
  further attempts to trade horses with those unfriendly people who only 
  Crouded about me to view and make their remarks and Smoke, the latter I 
  did not indulge them with to day. at 12 oClock Capt Lewis and party Came 
  up from the Skillutes Village with 9 horses packed and one which bratten 
  who was yet too weak to walk, rode, and Soon after the two Small Canoes 
  also loaded with the residue of the baggage which Could not be taken on 
  horses. we had everry thing imedeately taken above the falls, in the mean 
  time purchased 2 Dogs on which the party dined ¬ whilst I remained at 
  the Enesher Village I Subsisted on 2 platters of roots, Some pounded fish 
  and Sun flour Seed pounded which an old man had the politeness to give me. 
  in return for which I gave him Several Small articles. 
  = 
  Capt Lewis informed me that imedeately after I left him the nativs began 
  to Steal and had Stolen Tomahawks of the party, and in the Course of the 
  night had let our horses loose he had burnt one and Sold 2 of the largest 
  Canoes for beeds, the other 2 brought on. an indian was detected in 
  Stealing a socket and was kicked out of Camp. Capt L# informed the Indians 
  that the next man who attempted to steal Should be Shot and thretened them 
  and informed them that he could kill them in a moment and Set their town 
  on fire if he pleased. but it was not his desire to hurt them Severly if 
  they would let the property of the party alone. the Chiefs hung their 
  heads and Said nothing. he lost the horse that was given for a large 
  kittle, and a Chopunnish man lent a horse to carry a load and accompanied 
  the party ¬ The man who we had reason to believe had Stolen the horse 
  he had given for the Kittle we thretend a little and he produced a very 
  good horse in the place of that one which we Chearfully receved. 
  = 
  after dinner we proceeded on about 4 Miles to a Village of 9 Mat Lodges of 
  the Enesher, a little below the enterance of To war nah hi ooks river and 
  encamped. one of the Canoes joined us, the other not haveing observed us 
  halt continued on. We obtained 2 Dogs and a Small quantity of fuel of 
  those people for which we were obliged to give a higher price than usial. 
  our guide continued with us, he appears to be an honest fellow. he tels us 
  that the indians above will treat us with much more hospitallity than 
  those we are now with. we purchased another horse this evening but his 
  back is in Such a horrid State that we Can put but little on him; we 
  obtained him for a triffle, at least for articles which might be precured 
  in the U# States for 10/virga. Currency ¬ we took the precaution of 
  picqueting and Spancelling our horses this evening near our Camp. the 
  evening Cold and we Could afford only one fire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1345-1806-04-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 22cd 1806. Last night two of our horses broke loos from the 
  picquits and straggled off some little distance, the men who had charge of 
  them fortunately recovered them early. at 7 A#M# we set out having 
  previously sent on our small Canoe with Colter and Potts. we had not 
  arrived at the top of a hill over which the road leads opposite the 
  village before Charbono's horse threw his load, and taking fright at the 
  saddle and robe which still adhered, ran at full speed down the hill, near 
  the village he disengaged himself from the saddle and robe, an indian hid 
  the robe in his lodge. I sent our guide and one man who was with me in the 
  rear to assist Charbono in retaking his horse which having done they 
  returned to the village on the track of the horse in surch of the lost 
  articles they found the saddle but could see nothing of the robe the 
  indians denyed having seen it; they then continued on the track of the 
  horse to the place from whence he had set out with the same success. being 
  now confident that the Indians had taken it I sent the Indian woman on to 
  request Capt# C# to halt the party and send back some of the men to my 
  assistance being determined either to make the indians deliver the robe or 
  birn their houses. they have vexed me in such a manner by such repeated 
  acts of villany that I am quite disposed to treat them with every 
  severyty, their defenseless state pleads forgivness so far as rispects 
  their lives. with this resolution I returned to their village which I had 
  just reached as Labuish met me with the robe which he informed me he found 
  in an Indian lodg hid behind their baggage. I now returned and joined Capt 
  Clark who was waiting my arrival with the party. the Indian woman had not 
  reached Capt C# untill about the time I arrived and he returned from a 
  position on the top of a hill not far from where he had halted the party. 
  from the top of this emmenense Capt# C# had an extensive view of the 
  country. he observed the range of mountains in which Mount Hood stands to 
  continue nearly south as far as the eye could reach. he also observed the 
  snow clad top of Mount Jefferson which boar S# 10 W# Mount Hood from the 
  same point boar S# 30 W# the tops of the range of western mountains are 
  covered with snow. Capt C# also discovered some timbered country in a 
  Southern direction from him at no great distance. Clarks river which 
  mouths immediately opposite this point of view forks at the distance of 18 
  or 20 miles from hence, the wright hand fork takes it rise in mount Hood, 
  and the main branch continues it's course to the S# E# 
  = 
  we now made the following regulations as to our future order of march 
  (viz) that Capt# C# & myself should devide the men who were 
  disencumbered by horses and march alternately each day the one in front 
  and the other in rear. haveing divided the party agreeably to this 
  arrangement, we proceeded on through an open plain country about 8 miles 
  to a village of 6 houses of the Eneshur nation, here we observed our 2 
  canoes passing up on the opposite side; the wind being too high for them 
  to pass the river they continued on. we halted at a small run just above 
  the village where we dined on some dogs which we purchased of the 
  inhabitants and suffered our horses to graize about three hours. there is 
  no timber in this country we are obliged to purchase our fuel of the 
  natives, who bling it from a great distance. while we halted for dinner we 
  purch a horse. after dinner we proceeded on up the river about 4 miles to 
  a village of 7 mat lodges of the last mentioned nation. here our 
  Chopunnish guide informed us that the next village was at a considerable 
  distance and that we could not reach it tonight. the people at this place 
  offered to sell us wood and dogs, and we therefore thought it better to 
  remain all night. a man blonging to the next village abovd proposed 
  exchanging a horse for one of our canoes, just at this moment one of our 
  canoes was passing. we hailed them and ordered them to come over but the 
  wind continued so high that they could not join us untill after sunset and 
  the Indian who wished to exchange his horse for the canoe had gone on. 
  Charbonoe purchased a horse this evening. we obtained 4 dogs and as much 
  wood as answered our purposes on moderate terms. we can only afford 
  ourselves one fire, and are obliged to lie without shelter, the nights are 
  cold and days warm. Colter and Pots had passed on with their canoe. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1346-1806-04-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 22nd of April 1806 last night 2 of our horses broke loose and 
  Strayed of at a Short distance. at 7 oClock we loaded up and Set out, 
  haveing previously Sent off the Canoe with Colter and Potts we had not 
  arived at the top of the hill which is 200 feet before Shabonos horse 
  threw off his load and went with great Speed down the hill to the Village 
  where he disengaged himself of his Saddle & the robe which was under 
  it, the Indians hid the robe and delayed Capt# Lewis and the rear party 
  Some time before they found the robe which was in a lodge hid behind their 
  baggage, and took possession of it. dureing the time the front of the 
  party was waiting for Cap Lewis, I assended a high hill from which I could 
  plainly See the range of Mountains which runs South from Mt. Hood as far 
  as I could See. I also discovered the top of Mt. Jefferson which is 
  Covered with Snow and is S to W# Mt. Hood is S# 30° W# the range of 
  mountains are Covered with timber and also Mt Hood to a sertain bite. The 
  range of Mountains has Snow on them. I also discovered some timbered land 
  in a S# detection from me, Short of the mountains. Clarks river which 
  mouthes imedeately opposit to me forks at about 18 or 20 miles, the West 
  fork runs to the Mt Hood and the main branch Runs from S# E# after Capt 
  Lewis Came up we proceeded on through a open ruged plain about 8 miles to 
  a Village of 6 Houses on the river. here we observed our 2 Canoes passing 
  up on the opposit Side and the Wind too high for them to join us. I halted 
  at the mouth of a run above the village near Some good grass to let the 
  horses graze and for the party to dine. Sent to the huts and purchased a 
  dog & Some wood. dureing the time the party was takeing diner we 
  purchased one horse. after we proceeded on up the river about 4 miles to a 
  village of 7 mat Lodges. here our Chopunnish guide informed me that the 
  next villg. was at Some distance and that we Could not get to it to night, 
  and that there was no wood to be precured on this Side. a man offered to 
  Sell us a horse for a Canoe. just at the moment we discovered one of our 
  Canoes on the opposit Side. we concluded to Camp here all night with the 
  expectation of precureing some horses. Sent and purchased Some wood and 4 
  dogs & Shapillele. Shabono purchased a hors for which he gave a red 
  rapper, Shirt, ploom & Tomahawk &c# the party purchased a great 
  quantity of Chapellell and Some berries for which they gave bits of Tin 
  and Small pieces of Cloth & wire &c# had our horses led out and 
  held to grass untill dusk when they were all brought to Camp, and pickets 
  drove in the ground and the horses tied up. we find the horses very 
  troublesom perticularly the Stud which Compose 10/13 of our number of 
  horses. the air I find extreemly Cold which blows Continularly from Mt. 
  Hoods Snowey regions. those Indians reside in Small Lodges built of the 
  mats of Grass, flags &c# and Crouded with inhabitents, who Speak a 
  language Somewhat different from those at the falls. their dress habits 
  and appearance appear to be very much the Same with those below. we made 
  14 miles to day with the greatest exirtion. Serjt# Gass & R# Fields 
  joined us with one Canoe this evening. the other Canoe with Colter & 
  pots is a head. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1347-1806-04-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 23rd 1806. At day light this morning we were informed that 
  the two horses of our Interpreter Charbono were absent; on enquiry it 
  appeared that he had neglected to confine them to picquts as had been 
  directed last evening. we immediately dispatched Reubin Feilds and Labuish 
  to assist Charbono in recovering his horses. one of them was found at no 
  great distance and the other was given over as lost. at 8 A#M# Reuben 
  Feilds and Sergt# Gass proceeded in the canoe. at 10 Labuish and Charbono 
  returned unsuccessfull, they had gone back on the road nearly to the last 
  village and suched the plains on either hand to a considerable distance. 
  our remaining longer would have prevented our making a timely stage which 
  in our situation is all important; we therefore determined to proceed 
  immediately to the next village which from the information of our guide 
  will occupy the greater part of the day to reach at eleven OCk# we loaded 
  our horses and set out. during the time we were detained this morning we 
  had two packsaddles made. we continued our march along a narrow rocky 
  bottom on the N# side of the river about 12 miles to the Wah~how~pum 
  Village of 12 temperary mat lodges near the Rock rapid. these people 
  appeared much pleased to see us, sold us 4 dogs and some wood for our 
  small articles which we had previously prepared as our only resource to 
  obtain fuel and food through those plains. these articles conisted of 
  pewter buttons, strips of tin iron and brass, twisted wire &c# we also 
  obtained some shap~pe~lell newly made from these people. here we met with 
  a Chopunnish man on his return up the river with his family and about 13 
  head of horses most of them young and unbroken. he offered to hire us some 
  of them to pack as far a his nation, but we prefer bying as by hireing his 
  horses we shal have the whole of his family most probably to mentain. at a 
  little distance below this village we passed five lodges of the same 
  people who like those were waiting the arrival of the salmon. after we had 
  arranged our camp we caused all the old and brave men to set arround and 
  smoke with us. we had the violin played and some of the men danced; after 
  which the natives entertained us with a dance after their method. this 
  dance differed from any I have yet seen. they formed a circle and all sung 
  as well the spectators as the dancers who performed within the circle. 
  these placed their sholders together with their robes tightly drawn about 
  them and danced in a line from side to side, several parties of from 4 to 
  seven will be performing within the circle at the same time. the whole 
  concluded with a premiscuous dance in which most of them sung and danced. 
  these people speak a language very similar to the Chopunnish whome they 
  also resemble in their dress their women wear long legings mockersons 
  shirts and robes. their men also dress with legings shirts robes and 
  mockersons. after the dance was ended the Indians retired at our request 
  and we retired to rest. we had all our horses side bubbled and turned out 
  to graize; at this village, a large creek falls in on the N# side which we 
  did not observe as we decended the river. the river is by no means as 
  rapid as when we decended or at least not obstructed with those dangerous 
  rapids the water at present covers most of the rocks in the bed of the 
  river. the natives promised to barter their horses with us in the morning 
  we therefore entertained a hope that we shall be enabled to proceede by 
  land from hence with the whole of our party and baggage. came 12 miles by 
  land. the sands made the march fatieguing. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1348-1806-04-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 23rd 1806 at day light this morning we were informed that the 
  two horses of our interpreter Shabono were missing on enquirey we were 
  informed that he had neglected to tie up his horses as derected last 
  evening. we imedeately dispatch him, R# Fields & Labiech in Serch of 
  the horses, one of them were found at no great distance. the other was not 
  found. R# Fields retd. without finding the horse Set out with Sergt Gass 
  in the Small Canoe at about 8 A M# at 10 Shabono and Labiech returned also 
  unsucksessfull they had went on the back trail nearly to the last Village 
  and took a circle around on the hills. as our Situation was Such that we 
  Could not detain for a horse, which would prevent our makeing a timely 
  Stage which is a great object with us in those open plains, we Concluded 
  to give up the horse and proceed on to the next village which we were 
  informed was at Some distance and would take us the greater part of the 
  day. at 11 A#M# we packed up and Set out and proceeded up on the N# Side 
  of the Columbia on a high narrow bottom and rockey for 12 miles to the 
  Wah~how~pum village near the rock rapid of 12 temporary mat Lodges, those 
  people appeared pleased to See us. they Sold us 4 dogs Some Shapollell and 
  wood for our Small articles Such as awls pieces of Tin and brass. we 
  passed Several Lodges on the bank of the river where they were fixed 
  waiting for the Salmon. I over took a Choponish man whome I had Seen at 
  the long, and who had found a bag of our powder and brought it to me at 
  that place. this man had his family on the  ¿¿  and about 3 head of horses 
  which appeared young and unbroke. his spous as also that of the other gave 
  me a Cake of Chapellell and proceeded on with me to the Wah howpum Village 
  and formed his Camp near us. we Caused all the old & brave men to Set 
  around and Smoke with us. we Caused the fiddle to be played and Some of 
  the men danced. after them the nativs danced. they dance different from 
  any Indians I have Seen. they dance with their Sholders together and pass 
  from Side to Side, defferent parties passing each other, from 2 to 7. and 
  4 parties danceing at the Same time and Concluding the dance by passing 
  promiscuisly throu & beetween each other. after which we Sent of the 
  Indians and retired to bed. Those people Speak a language verry Similal to 
  the Chopunish and with a very inconsiderable difference. their dress and 
  appearance is more like those of the Great falls of the Columbia. we had 
  all our horses Side hobbled and let out to feed. at this village a large 
  Creek falls in on the N# Side which I had not observed as I decended the 
  river. the river is by no means as rapid as it was at the time we 
  decended. The nativs promised to give is a horse for one of our Canoes. 
  and offer to Sell us another for a Scarlet robe which we have not at 
  present. Shabono made a bargin with one of the Indian men going with us, 
  for a horse for Which he gave his Shirt. and two of the leather Sutes of 
  his wife. The Sand through which we walked to day is So light that renders 
  the march verry fatigueing. made 12 miles by land. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1349-1806-04-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday April 24 th 1806. We were up early this morning and dispatched 
  the men in surch of our horses, they were all found in a little time 
  except McNeal's. we hired an indian to surch for this horse it was one in 
  the evening before he returned with him. in the intermediate time we had 4 
  packsaddles made purchased three horses of the Wah~howpums, and hired 
  three others of the Chopunnish man who accompanys us with his family and 
  horses. we now sold our canoes for a few strands of beads, loaded up and 
  departed at 2 P#M# the natives had tantalized us with an exchange of 
  horses for our canoes in the first instance, but when they found that we 
  had made our arrangements to travel by land they would give us nothing for 
  them I determined to cut them in peices sooner than leave them on those 
  terms, Drewyer struck one of the canoes and split of a small peice with 
  his tommahawk, they discovered us determined on this subject and offered 
  us several strands of beads for each which were accepted. we proceeded up 
  the river between the hills and it's Northen shore. the road was rocky and 
  sandy alternately, the road difficult and fatieguing. at 12 ms# we 
  arrived at a village of 5 lodges of the Met~cow~wes, having passed 4 
  lodges at 4 and 2 at 2 Ms# further. we ramined all night near the 
  Met~cow~we lodges about 2 miles below our encampment of the  ¿¿  of 
  October last; we purchased three dogs and some shappellel of these people 
  which we cooked with dry grass and willow boughs. many of the natives 
  pased and repassed us today on the road and behaved themselves with 
  distant rispect towards us. most of the party complain of the soarness of 
  their feet and legs this evening; it is no doubt caused by walking over 
  the rough stones and deep sands after bing for some months passed been 
  accustomed to a soft soil. my left ankle gives me much pain. I baithed my 
  feet in cold water from which I experienced considerable releif. The 
  curloos are abundant in these plains and are now laying their eggs. saw 
  the Kildee, the brown lizzard, and a Moonax which the natives had petted. 
  the winds which set from Mount Hood or in a westerly direction are much 
  more cold than those from the opposite quarter. there are now no dews in 
  these plains, and from the appearance of the earth there appears to have 
  been no rain for several weeks. we derected that the three horses 
  which we purchased yesterday should be bubbled and confined to a picqut, 
  and that the others should be disposed of in the same manner they were 
  last evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1350-1806-04-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 24th April 1806 rose early this morning and Sent out after the 
  horses all of which were found except McNeals which I hired an Indian to 
  find and gave him a Tomahawk had 4 pack Saddles made ready to pack the 
  horses which we may purchase. we purchased 3 horses, and hired 3 others of 
  the Chopunnish man who accompanies us with his family, and at 1 P#M# Set 
  out and proceeded on through a open Countrey rugid & Sandy between 
  Some high lands and the river to a village of 5 Lodges of the Met~cow~we 
  band haveing passed 4 Lodges at 4 miles and 2 Lodges at 6 miles. Great 
  numbers of the nativs pass us on hors back maney meet us and Continued 
  with us to the Lodges. we purchased 3 dogs which were pore, but the 
  fattest we Could precure, and Cooked them with Straw and dry willow. we 
  Sold our Canoes for a fiew Strands of beeds. the nativs had tantelized us 
  with an exchange of horses for our Canoes in the first instance, but when 
  they found that we had made our arrangements to travel by land they would 
  give us nothing for them. we Sent Drewyer to Cut them up, he Struck one 
  and Split her they discovered that we were deturmined to destroy the 
  Canoes and offered us Several Strans of beeds which were acceptd most of 
  the party Complain of their feet and legs this evening being very Sore. it 
  is no doubt Causd. by walking over the rough Stone and deep Sand after 
  being accustomed to a Soft Soil. my legs and feet give me much pain. I 
  bathed them in Cold water from which I experienced Considerable relief. we 
  directed that the 3 horses purchased yesterday should be hobbled and 
  confined to pickquets and that the others Should be Hobbled & 
  Spancled, and Strictly attended to by the guard made 12 miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1351-1806-04-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday April 25th 1806. This morning we collected our horses and set out 
  at 9 A#M# and proceeded on 11 ms# to the Village of the Pish~quit~pahs of 
  51 mat lodges where we arrived at 2 P#M# purchased five dogs and some wood 
  from them and took dinner. this village contains about 7 hundred souls. 
  most of those people were in the plains at a distance from the river as we 
  passed down last fall, they had now therefore the gratification of 
  beholding whitemen for the first time. while here they flocked arround us 
  in great numbers tho treated us with much rispect. we gave two medals of 
  the small size to their two principal Cheifs who were pointed out to us by 
  our Chopunnish fellow traveller and were acknowledged by the nation. we 
  exposed a few old clothes my dirk and Capt# C's swoard to barter for 
  horses but were unsuccessfull these articles constitute at present our 
  principal stock in trade. the Pish~quit~pahs insisted much on our 
  remaining with them all night, but sudry reasons conspired to urge our 
  noncomplyance with their wishes. we passed one house or reather lodge of 
  the Metcowwees about a mile above our encampment of the  ¿¿ th of October 
  last the Pish~quit~pahs, may be considered hunters as well as fishermen as 
  they spend the fall and winter months in that occupation. they are 
  generally pleasently featured of good statue and well proportioned. both 
  women and men ride extreemly well. their bridle is usually a hair rope 
  tyed with both ends to the under jaw of the horse, and their saddle 
  consists of a pad of dressed skin stuffed with goats hair with wooden 
  stirups. almost all the horses which I have seen in possession of the 
  Indians have soar backs. the Pishquitpah women for the most part dress 
  with short shirts which reach to their knees long legings and mockersons, 
  they also use large robes; some of them weare only the truss and robe they 
  brade their hair as before discribed but the heads of neither male nor 
  female of this tribe are so much flattened as the nations lower down on 
  this river. at 4 P#M# we set out accompanyed by eighteen or twenty of 
  their young men on horseback. we continued our rout about nine miles where 
  finding as many willows as would answer our purposes for fuel we encamped 
  for the evening. the country we passed through was much as that of 
  yesterday. the river hills are about 250 feet high and generally abrupt 
  and craggey in many places faced with a perpendicular and solid rock. this 
  rock is black and hard. leve plains extend themselves from the tops of the 
  river hills to a great distance on either side of the river. the soil is 
  not as fertile as about the falls, tho it produces a low grass on which 
  the horses feed very conveniently. it astonished me to seed the order of 
  their horses at this season of the year when I knew that they had wintered 
  on the dry grass of the plains and at the same time road with greater 
  severity than is common among ourselves. I did not see a single horse 
  which could be deemed poor and many of them were as fat as seals. their 
  horses are generally good. this evining after we had encamped, we traded 
  for two horses with nearly the same articles we had offered at the 
  village; these nags Capt# C# and myself intend riding ourselves; haveing 
  now a sufficiency to transport with ease all our baggage and the packs of 
  the men. we killed six ducks in the course of the day; one of them 
  was of a speceis which I had never before seen I therefore had the most 
  material parts of it reserved as a specimine, the leggs are yellow and 
  feet webbed as those of the duckandmallard. saw many common lizzards, 
  several rattlesnakes killed by the party, they are the same as those 
  common to the U States. the horned Lizzard is also common. had the 
  fiddle played at the request of the natives and some of the men danced. we 
  passed five lodges of the Walldh wolldhs at the distance of 4 miles above 
  the Pishquitpahs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1352-1806-04-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 25th of April 1806 This morning we Collected our horses very 
  conveniently and Set out at 9 A M and proceeded on to a village of 
  Pish~quit~pahs of 52 mat Lodges 11 miles this village Contains about 700 
  Soles here we turned out our horses and bought 5 dogs & some wood and 
  dined here we met with a Chief and gave him a Medal of the Small Size. we 
  passed a house a little above the place we encamped on the 20th of Octr# 
  1805. we offered to purchase with what articles we had Such as old Clothes 
  &c# emence numbers of those Indians flocked about us and behaved with 
  distant respect towards us. we attempted to purchase Some horses without 
  Suckcess. at 4 P# M Set out. I was in the rear and had not proceeded verry 
  far before one of the horses which we had hired of the Chopunnish, was 
  taken from Hall who I had directed to ride. he had fallen behind out of my 
  sight at the time. we proceeded on about 9 miles through a Country Similar 
  to that of yesterday and encamped below the mouth of a Small Creek we 
  passed at 4 miles a Village of 5 Mat Lodges of the War~war~wa Tribe. We 
  made a Chief and gave a medal to a Chief of each of those two tribes. 
  great numbers of the nativs accompanied us to our encampmt. The Curloos 
  are abundant in those plains & are now laying their eggs. Saw the 
  Kildee the brown Lizzard, and a moonax which the nativs had petted. the 
  Winds which Set from mount hood or in a westwardly direction are much more 
  cold than those from any other quarter. there are no dews in these plains, 
  and from the appearance of the earth there appears to have been no rain 
  for Several Weeks. The pish~quit pahs may be considered as hunters as well 
  as fishermen as they Spend the fall & winter months in that 
  occupation. they are generally pleasently featured of good Statue and well 
  proportiond. both women and men ride extreamly well. their bridle is 
  usially a hair rope tied with both ends to the under jaw of the horse, and 
  their Saddles Consist of a pad of dressed Skin Stuffed with goats hair 
  with wooden Sturreps. almost all the horses I have Seen in the poss ession 
  of the Indians have Sore backs. 
  = 
  The pishquitpahs women for the most part dress with Short Shirts which 
  reach to their knees long legins, and mockersons, they also use long 
  robes; Some of them weare only the truss and robe, they brade their hair 
  as before discribed but the heads of neither the male nor female of this 
  tribe are So much flattend as the nativs lower down on this river. we were 
  accompd. by 18 or 20 young men on horsback. we Continued our rout about 9 
  miles, where finding as maney Willows as would answer our purpose for fuel 
  we encamped for the night. the Country we passed through was Sandy 
  indifferent rocky and hills on the left. proceeded up on the North Side 
  the river hills are about 250 feet high & generally abrupt and Craggey 
  in maney places faced with a pirpendicular and Solid rock. this rock is 
  black and hard. leavel plains extend themselves from the top of the river 
  hills to a great distance on either Side of the river. the Soil is not as 
  fertile as about the falls tho it produces low grass on which the horses 
  feed very Conveniently. it astonished me to See the order of their horses 
  at this Season of the year when I know they had wintered on dry grass of 
  the plains and at the Same time rode with greater Severity than is Common 
  among ourselves. I did not See a Single horse which Could be deemed pore, 
  and maney of them were verry fat. their horses are generally good. this 
  evening after we had encamped we traded for two horses with nearly the 
  Same articles we had offered at the Village. these Nags Capt# L~s and 
  myself intend rideing ourselves; haveing now a Sufficency to transport 
  with ease all our baggage and the packs of the men. we killed 6 
  ducks in the course of the day; one of them were of a Species I had never 
  before Seen. the legs yellow and feet wibbed as those of the 
  duckinmallard. Saw great numbers of Common Lizzard. Several rattle Snakes, 
  killed by the party, they are the Same as those Common to the U# States. 
  the Horned Lizzard is also Common. a Chief over took us. we had the 
  fiddle played by the request of the nativs and Some of the men danced. I 
  think those plains are much more Sandy than any which I have Seen and the 
  road is a bed of loose Sand. made 20 miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1353-1806-04-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday April 26th 1806. This morning early we set forward and at the 
  distance of three miles entered a low level plain country of great extent. 
  here the river hills are low and receede a great distance from the river 
  this low country commenced on the S# side of the river about 10 miles 
  below our encampment of last evening. these plains are covered with a 
  variety of herbatious plants, grass, and three speceis of shrubs 
  specimines of which I have preserved. at the distance of twelve miles we 
  halted near a few willows which afforded us a sufficient quantity of fuel 
  to cook our dinner which consisted of the ballance of the dogs we had 
  purchased yesterday evening and some jirked Elk. we were overtaken today 
  by several families of the natives who were traveling up the river with a 
  number of horses; they continued with us much to our annoyance as the day 
  was worm the roads dusty and we could not prevent their horses from 
  crouding in and breaking our order of mach without using some acts of 
  severity which we did not wish to commit. after dinner we continued our 
  march through the level plain near the river 16 Ms# and encamped about a 
  mile below three lodges of the Wollah wollah nation, and about 7 Ms# above 
  our encampment of the 19 of October last. after we encamped a little 
  Indian boy caught several chubbs with a bone in this form which he 
  substituted for a hook. these fish were of about 9 inches long small head 
  large abdomen, small where the tail joined the body, the tail wide long in 
  proportion and forked. the back and ventral fins were equadistant from the 
  head and had each 10 bony rays, the fns next the gills nine each and that 
  near the tail 12. the upper exceeded the under jaw, the latter is truncate 
  at the extremity and the tonge and pallet are smooth. the colour is white 
  on the sides and belley and a blewish brown on the back. the iris of the 
  eye is of a silvery colour and puple black. we covered ourselves 
  partially this evening from the rain by means of an old tent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1354-1806-04-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday April 26th 1806 This morning early we proceeded on and at the 
  distance of three miles entered a low leavel plain Country of great 
  extent. here the river hills are low and receed a great distance from the 
  river this low Country Comenced on the South Side about 10 miles below our 
  Encampment of the last night, those plains are Covered with a variety of 
  herbatious plants, Grass and 3 Species of Shrubs. at the distance of 12 
  miles halted near Some willows which afforded us a Sufficent quantity of 
  fuel to cook our dinner which Consisted of the ballance of the dogs we had 
  purchased yesterday evening and Some jerked Elk. we were over taken to day 
  by Several families of the nativs who were traveling up the river with a 
  Numr. of horses; they Continued with us much to our ennoyance as the day 
  was worm the roads dusty and we Could not prevent their horses Crouding in 
  and breaking our order of March without useing Some acts of Severty which 
  we did not wish to Commit. after dinner we Continued our march through a 
  leavel plain near the river 16 miles and encamped about a mile below 3 
  Lodges of the fritened band of the Wallah wallah nation, and about 7 miles 
  above our encampment of the 19th of Octr# last. after we encamped a little 
  Indian boy Cought Several Chubbs with a bone in this form which he 
  Substituted for a hook. those fish were of about 9 inches long. we Covered 
  our Selves perfectly this evening from the rain by means of an old tent. 
  Saw a Goat and a Small wolf at a distance to day. made 28 miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1355-1806-04-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday April 27th 1806. This morning we were detained untill 9 A#M# in 
  consequence of the absence of one of Charbono's horses. the horse at 
  length being recovered we set out and at the distance of fifteen miles 
  passed through a country similar to that of yesterday; the hills at the 
  extremity of this distance again approach the river and are rocky abrupt 
  and 300 feet high. we ascended the hill and marched through a high plain 
  for 9 miles when we again returned to the river, I now thought it best to 
  halt as the horses and men were much fatiegued altho had not reached the 
  Wallah wollah village as we had been led to beleive by our guide who 
  informed us that the village was at the place we should next return to the 
  river, and the consideration of our having but little provision had been 
  our inducement to make the march we had made this morning. we collected 
  some of the dry stalks of weeds and the stems of a shrub which resembles 
  the southern wood; made a small fire and boiled a small quantity of our 
  jerked meat on which we dined; while here the principal Cheif of the 
  Wallahwallahs joined us with six men of his nation. this Cheif by name 
  Yel~lept had visited us on the morning of the 19 of October at our 
  encampment a little below this place; we gave him at that time a small 
  medal, and promised him a larger one on our return. he appeared much 
  gratifyed at seeng us return, invited us to remain at his village three or 
  four days and assured us that we should be furnished with a plenty of such 
  food as they had themselves; and some horses to assist us on our journey. 
  after our scanty repast we continued our march accompanyed by Yellept and 
  his party to the village which we found at the distance of six miles 
  situated on the N# side of the river at the lower side of the low country 
  about 12 ms# below the entrance of Lewis's river. This Cheif is a man of 
  much influence not only in his own nation but also among the neighbouring 
  tribes and nations. This Village consists of 15 large mat lodges. at 
  present they seem to subsist principally on a speceis of mullet which 
  weigh from one to three lbs# and roots of various discriptions which these 
  plains furnish them in great abundance. they also take a few salmon trout 
  of the white kind. Yellept haranged his village in our favour 
  intreated them to furnish us with fuel and provision and set the example 
  himself by bringing us an armfull of wood and a platter of 3 roasted 
  mullets. the others soon followed his example with rispect to fuel and we 
  soon found ourselves in possession of an ample stock. they birn the stems 
  of the shrubs in the plains there being no timber in their neighbourhood 
  of any discription. we purchased four dogs of these people on which the 
  party suped heartily having been on short allowance for near two days. the 
  indians retired when we requested them this evening and behaved themselves 
  in every rispect extreemly well. the indians informed us that there was a 
  good road which passed from the columbia opposite to this village to the 
  entrance of the Kooskooske on the S# side of Lewis's river; they also 
  informed us, that there were a plenty of deer and Antelopes on the road, 
  with good water and grass. we knew that a road in that direction if the 
  country would permit would shorten our rout at least 80 miles. the indians 
  also informed us that the country was level and the road good, under these 
  circumstances we did not hesitate in pursuing the rout recommended by our 
  guide whos information was corroberated by Yellept & others. we 
  concluded to pass our horses over early in the morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1356-1806-04-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday April 27th 1806. This morning we were detained untill 9 A M in 
  consequence of the absence of one of Shabono's horses. the horse being at 
  length recovered we Set out and to the distance of 15 miles passed through 
  a Country Similar to that of yesterday. (passed Muscle Shell rapid) and at 
  the experation of this distance again approached the river, and are rocky 
  abrupt and 300 feet high. we assended the hill and marched through a high 
  plain 10 miles where we again returned to the river. we halted altho we 
  had not reached the Wal~lah~lal~lah village as we had been led to believe 
  by our guide who informed us that the village was at the place we Should 
  next return to the river, and the considiration of our haveing but little 
  provisions had been our inducement to make the march we had made this 
  morning. we collected Some of the dry stalks of weeds and the Stems of 
  Shrubs or weeds which resemble the Southern wood; made a Small fire and 
  boiled a Small quantity of our jurked meat on which we dined; while here 
  we were met by the principal Chief of the Wal lah wal lah Nation and 
  Several of his nation. this chief by name Yel lep~pet had visited us on 
  the morning of the 19th of Octr# at our encampment imedeately opposit to 
  us; we gave him at that time a Small Medal, and promised him a large one 
  on our return. he appeared much gratified at Seeing us return. he envited 
  us to remain at his village 3 or 4 days and assured us that we Should be 
  furnished with a plenty of Such food as they had themselves, and Some 
  horses to assist us on our journey. after our Scanty repast we Continued 
  our March accompanied by Yelleppit and his party to the Village which we 
  found at the distance of Six miles, Situated on the North Side of the 
  river. about 16 miles below the enterance of Lewis's river. This Chief is 
  a man of much influence not only in his own nation but also among the 
  neighbouring tribes and nations. the village Consists of 15 large 
  mat Lodges. at present they Seam to Subsist principally on a Species of 
  Mullet which weighs from one to 3 pds. and roots of various discriptions 
  which those plains furnish them in great abundance. They also take a fiew 
  Salmon trout of the white kind. Yelleppet haranged his village in our 
  favor intreated them to furnish us with fuel & provisions and Set the 
  example himself by bringing us an armfull of wood, and a platter with 3 
  rosted mullets. the others Soon followed his example with respect to fuel 
  and we Soon found ourselves in possession of an ample Stock, they burn the 
  Stems of the Shrubs in the plains, there being no timber in this 
  neighbourhood of any description. we purchased 4 dogs of those people on 
  which the party Suped hartily haveing been on Short allowance for near 2 
  days. the Indians retired when we requested them this evening and behaved 
  themselves in every respect very well. the Indians informed us that there 
  was a good road Which passed from the Columbia opposit to this Village to 
  the enterance of Kooskooske on the S# Side of Lewis's river, they also 
  informed us, there were a plenty of Deer and Antilopes on the road with 
  good water and grass. we knew that a road in that direction if the Country 
  would permit it would Shorten the rout at least 80 miles. the Indians also 
  inform us that the County was leavel and the road good, under those 
  circumstances we did not hesitate in pursueing the rout recommended by our 
  guide and Corroberated by Yetleppit and others. we Concluded to pass our 
  horses over early in the morning. made 31 miles to day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1357-1806-04-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday April 28th 1806. This morning early Yellept brought a very eligant 
  white horse to our camp and presented him to Capt# C# signifying his wish 
  to get a kettle but on being informed that we had already disposed of 
  every kettle we could possibly spear he said he was content with whatever 
  he thought proper to give him. Capt# C# gave him his swoard a hundred 
  balls and powder and some sail articles with which he appeared perfectly 
  satisfyed. it was necessary before we entered on our rout through the 
  plains where we were to meet with no lodges or resident indians that we 
  should lay in a stock of provision and not depend altogether on the gun. 
  we directed Frazier to whom we have intrusted the duty of makeing those 
  purchases to lay in as many fat dogs as he could procure; he soon obtained 
  ten. being anxious to depart we requested the Cheif to furnish us with 
  canoes to pass the river, but he insisted on our remaining with him this 
  day at least, that he would be much pleased if we would conset to remain 
  two or three, but he would not let us have canoes to leave him today. that 
  he had sent for the Chym nap'~pos his neighbours to come down and join his 
  people this evening and dance for us. we urged the necessity of our going 
  on immediately in order that we might the sooner return to them with the 
  articles which they wished but this had no effect, he said that the time 
  he asked could not make any considerable difference. I at length urged 
  that there was no wind blowing and that the river was consequently in good 
  order to pass our horses and if he would furnish us with canoes for that 
  purpose we would remain all night at our present encampment, to this 
  proposition he assented and soon produced us a couple of canoes by means 
  of which we passed our horses over the river safely and bubbled them as 
  usual. we found a Shoshone woman, prisoner among these people by means of 
  whome and Sahcahgarweah we found the means of conversing with the 
  Wollahwollahs. we conversed with them for several hours and fully 
  satisfyed all their enquiries with rispect to ourselves and the objects of 
  our pursuit. they were much pleased. they brought several diseased persons 
  to us for whom they requested some medical aid. one had his knee 
  contracted by the rheumatism, another with a broken arm &c to all of 
  which we administered much to the gratification of those poor wretches. we 
  gave them some eye~water which I beleive will render them more essential 
  service than any other article in the medical way which we had it in our 
  power to bestoe on them. soar eyes seem to be a universal complaint amonge 
  these people; I have no doubt but the fine sand of these plains and river 
  contribute much to this disorder. ulsers and irruptions of the skin on 
  various parts of the body are also common diseases among them. a little 
  before sunset the Chymnahpos arrived; they were about 100 men and a few 
  women; they joined the Wallahwollahs who were about the same number and 
  formed a half circle arround our camp where they waited very patiently to 
  see our party dance. the fiddle was played and the men amused themselves 
  with dancing about an hour. we then requested the Indians to dance which 
  they very cheerfully complyed with; they continued their dance untill 10 
  at night. the whole assemblage of indians about 550 men women and children 
  sung and danced at the same time. most of them stood in the same place and 
  merely jumped up to the time of their music. some of the men who were 
  esteemed most brave entered the space arrond which the main body were 
  formed in solid column, and danced in a circular manner sidewise. at 10 
  P#M# the dance concluded and the natives retired; they were much gratifyed 
  with seeing some of our party join them in their dance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1358-1806-04-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday April 28th 1806 This morning early the Great Chief Yel lip pet 
  brought a very eligant white horse to our Camp and presented him to me 
  Signifying his wish to get a kittle but being informed that we had already 
  disposed of every kittle we could possibly Spare he Said he was Content 
  with what ever I thought proper to give him. I gave him my Swoard, 100 
  balls & powder and Some Small articles of which he appeared perfectly 
  Satisfied. it was necessary before we entered on our rout through the 
  plains where we were to meet with no lodges or resident Indians that we 
  Should lay in a Stock of provisions and not depend altogether on the gun. 
  we derected R# Frazer to whome we have intrusted the duty of makeing the 
  purchases, to lay in as maney fat dogs as he could procure; he Soon 
  obtained 10. being anxious to depart we requested the Chief to furnish us 
  with Canoes to pass the river, but he insisted on our remaining with him 
  this day at least, that he would be much pleased if we would consent to 
  remain two or 3 days, but he would not let us have Canoes to leave him 
  this day. that he had Sent for the Chim~na~pums his neighbours to come 
  down and join his people this evening and dance for us. We urged the 
  necessity of our proceeding on imediately in order that we might the 
  Sooner return to them, with the articles which they wishd. brought to them 
  but this had no effect, he Said that the time he asked Could not make any 
  Considerable difference. I at length urged that there was no wind blowing 
  and that the river was consequently in good order to pass our horses and 
  if he would furnish us with Canoes for that purpose 
  = 
  we would remain all night at our present encampment, to this proposition 
  he assented and Soon produced a Canoe. I Saw a man who had his knee 
  Contracted who had previously applyed to me for Some Medisene, that if he 
  would fournish another Canoe I would give him Some Medisene. he readily 
  Consented and went himself with his Canoe by means of which we passed our 
  horses over the river Safely and hobbled them as usial. We found a Sho 
  Sho ne woman, prisoner among those people by means of whome and Sah~cah 
  gah~weah, Shabono's wife we found means of Converceing with the 
  Wallahwallfirs. we Conversed with them for Several hours and fully Satisfy 
  all their enquiries with respect to our Selves and the Object of our 
  pursute. they were much pleased. they brought Several disordered persons 
  to us for whome they requested Some Medical aid. one had his knee 
  contracted by the Rhumitism (whome is just mentioned above) another with a 
  broken arm &c# to all of whome we administered much to the 
  gratification of those pore wretches, we gave them Some eye water which I 
  believe will render them more esential Sirvece than any other article in 
  the Medical way which we had it in our power to bestow on them Sore eyes 
  Seam to be a universial Complaint among those people; I have no doubt but 
  the fine Sands of those plains and the river Contribute much to the 
  disorder. The man who had his arm broken had it loosely bound in a peice 
  of leather without any thing to Surport it. I dressed the arm which was 
  broken Short above the wrist & Supported it with broad Sticks to keep 
  it in place, put in a Sling and furnished him with Some lint bandages 
  &c# to Dress it in future. a little before Sun Set the Chim nah poms 
  arrived; they were about 100 men and a fiew women; they joined the Wallah 
  wallahs who were about 150 men and formed a half Circle arround our camp 
  where they waited verry patiently to See our party dance. the fiddle was 
  played and the men amused themselves with danceing about an hour. we then 
  requested the Indians to dance which they very Chearfully Complyed with; 
  they Continued their dance untill 10 at night. the whole assemblage of 
  Indians about 350 men women and Children Sung and danced at the Same time. 
  most of them danced in the Same place they Stood and mearly jumped up to 
  the time of their musick. Some of the men who were esteemed most brave 
  entered the Space around which the main body were formed in Solid Column 
  and danced in a Circular manner Side wise. at 10 P M# the dance ended and 
  the nativs retired; they were much gratified in Seeing Some of our Party 
  join them in their dance. one of their party who made himself the most 
  Conspicious Charecter in the dance and Songs, we were told was a Medesene 
  man & Could foretell things. that he had told of our Comeing into 
  their Country and was now about to Consult his God the moon if what we 
  Said was the truth &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1359-1806-04-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday April 29th 1806. This morning Yellept furnished us with two canoes 
  and we began to transport our baggage over the river; we also sent a party 
  of the men over to collect the horses. we purchased some dogs and 
  shappellell this morning. we had now a store of 12 dogs for our voyage 
  through the plains. by 11 A#M# we had passed the river with our party and 
  baggage but were detained several hours in consequence of not being able 
  to collect our horses. our guide now informed us that it was too late in 
  the evening to reach an eligible place to encamp; that we could not reach 
  any water before night. we therefore thought it best to remain on the 
  Wallahwollah river about a mile from the Columbia untill the morning, and 
  accordingly encamped on that river near a fish wear. this wear consists of 
  two curtains of small willow switches matted together with four lines of 
  withs of the same materials extening quite across the river, parrallel 
  with eah other and about 6 feet assunder. those are supported by several 
  parsels of poles placed in the manner before discribed of the fishing 
  wears. these curtains of willow are either roled at one end for a few feet 
  to permit the fish to pass or are let down at pleasure. they take their 
  fish which at present are a mullet only of from one to five lbs#, with 
  small seines of 15 or 18 feet long drawn by two persons; these they drag 
  down to the wear and raise the bottom of the seine against the willow 
  curtain. they have also a small seine maniaged by one person it bags in 
  the manner of the scooping net; the one side of the net is confined to a 
  simicircular bow of half the size of a man's arm and about 5 feet long; 
  the other side is confined to a strong string which being attatched to the 
  extremities of the bow forms the cord line to the simicircle. The 
  Wallahwollah river discharges itself into the Columbia on it's S# side 15 
  miles below the entrance of Lewis's river or the S# E# branch. a high 
  range of hills pass the Columbia just below the entrance of this river. 
  this is a handsome stream about 41/2 feet deep and 50 yds# wide; it's bed 
  is composed of gravel principally with some sand and mud; the banks are 
  abrupt but not high, tho it dose not appear to overflow; the water is 
  clear. the indians inform us that it has it's surces in the range of 
  mountains in view of us to the E and S# E# these mountains commence a 
  little to the south of Mt. Hood and extending themselves in a N# 
  Eastwardly direction terminate near a Southen branch of Lewis's river 
  short of the Rocky mountains. The Towannahiooks river, river LaPage and 
  the Wollah~wollah rivers all take their rise on the N side of these 
  mountains; two principal branches of the first of these take their rise in 
  Mountains Jefferson and hood. these mountains are covered with snow at 
  present tho do not appear high; they seperate the waters of the Multnomah 
  from those of the Columbia river. they appear to be about 65 or 70 miles 
  distant from hence. The Snake indian prisoner informed us that at some 
  distance in the large plains to the South of those mountains there was a 
  large river runing to the N# W# which was as wide as the Columbia at this 
  place which is nearly one mile. this account is no doubt some what 
  exagerated but it serves to evince the certainty of the Multnomah being a 
  very large river and that it's waters are seperated from the Columbia by 
  those mountains and that with the aid of a southwardly branch of Lewis's 
  river which passes arrond the eastern extremity of those mountains, it 
  must water that vast tract of country extending from those mountains to 
  the waters of the gulph of California. and no doubt it heads with the 
  Yellowstone river and the del Nord. we gave small medals to two inferior 
  cheifs of this nation and they each presented us a fine horse in return we 
  gave them sundry articles and among others one of my case pistols and 
  several hundred rounds of amunition. there are 12 other lodges of the 
  Wollahwollah nation on this river a little distance below our camp. 12 
  these as well as those beyond the Columbia appear to depend on this 
  fishing wear for their subsistence. these people as well as the Chymnahpos 
  are very well dressed, much more so particularly their women than they 
  were as we decended the river last fall most of them have long shirts and 
  leggings, good robes and mockersons. their women wear the truss when they 
  cannot procure the shirt, but very few are seen with the former at this 
  moment. I presume the success of their winters hunt has produced this 
  change in their attire. they all cut their hair in their forehead and most 
  of the men wear the two cews over each sholder in front of the body; some 
  have the addition of a few small plats formed of the earlocks and others 
  tigh a small bundle of the docked foretop in front of the forehead. their 
  ornaments are such as discribed of the nations below and are woarn in a 
  similar manner. they insisted on our dancinq this evening but it rained a 
  little the wind blew hard and the weather was cold, we therefore did not 
  indulge them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1360-1806-04-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday April 29th 1806 This Morning Yelleppit furnished us with 2 Canoes, 
  and We began to transport our baggage over the river; we also Sent a party 
  of the men over to collect our horses. we purchased Some deer and 
  chappellell this morning. we had now a Store of 12 dogs for our voyage 
  through the plains. by 11 A#M# we had passed the river with our party and 
  baggage but were detained Several hours in consequence of not being able 
  to Collect our horses. our guide now informed us that it was too late in 
  the evening to reach an eligible place to encamp; that we Could not reach 
  any water before night. we therefore thought it best to remain on the 
  Wallah wallah river about a mile from the Columbia untill the morning, 
  accordingly encampd on the river near a fish Wear. this weare Consists of 
  two Curtains of Small willows wattled together with four lines of withes 
  of the Same Materials extending quite across the river, parralal with each 
  other and about 6 feet asunder. those are Supported by Several parrelals 
  of poles placed in this manner those Curtains of willows is either roled 
  at one end for a fiew feet to permit the fish to pass or are let down at 
  pleasure. they take their fish which at present are a Mullet only of from 
  one to 5 pounds Wt. with Small Seines of 15 or 18 feet long drawn by two 
  persons; these they drag down to the Wear and rase the bottom of the seine 
  against the willow Curtain. they have also a Small Seine managed by one 
  person, it bags in the manner of the Scooping Nets; the one Side of the 
  Net is Confined to a Simicircular bow of half the Size of a mans arm and 
  about 5 feet long, the other Side is confined to a Strong String which 
  being attatched to the extremities of the bow forms the Cord line to the 
  Simicurcle. The Wallah wallah River discharges it's Self into the Columbia 
  on it's South Side 15 miles below the enterance of Lewis's River, or the 
  S# E# branch. a range of hills pass the Columbia just below the enterance 
  of this river. this is a handsom Stream about 41/2 feet deep and 50 yards 
  wide; it's bead is composed of gravel principally with Some Sand and Mud; 
  the banks are abrupt but not high, tho it does not appear to overflow; the 
  water is Clear. the Indians inform us that it has it's Source in the range 
  of Mountains in view of us to the E# and S# E# these Mountains commence a 
  little to the South of Mt. Hood and extend themselves in a S Eastwardly 
  direction terminateing near the Southern banks of Lewis's river Short of 
  the rockey Mountains. Ta wan nahiooks river, river Lapage and  ¿¿  River 
  all take their rise on those Mountains. the two principal branches of the 
  first of those take their rise in the Mountain's, Jefferson and Hood. 
  those Mountains are Covered at present with Snow. those S W# Mountains are 
  Covered with Snow at present tho do not appear high. they Seperate the 
  Waters of the Multnomah from those of the Columbia river. they appear to 
  be 65 or 70 miles distant from hence. The Snake indian prisoner informed 
  us that at Some distance in the large plains to the South of those 
  Mountains there was a large river running to the N# W# which was as wide 
  as the Columbia at this place, which is nearly 1 mile. this account is no 
  doubt Somewhat exagurated but it Serves to evince the Certainty of the 
  Multnomah being a very large River and that it's waters are Seperated from 
  the Columbia by those Mountains, and that with the aid of a Southwardly 
  branch of Lewis's river which pass around the Eastern extremity of those 
  mountains, it must water that vast tract of Country extending from those 
  Mountains to the Waters of the Gulf of Callifornia. and no doubt it heads 
  with the Rochejhone and Del Nord. 
  = 
  We gave Small Medals to two inferior Chiefs of this nation, and they each 
  furnished us with a fine horse, in return we gave them Sundery articles 
  among which was one of Capt Lewis's Pistols & Several hundred rounds 
  of Amunition. there are 12 other Lodges of the Wallahwallah Nation on this 
  river a Short distance below our Camp. those as well as those beyond the 
  Columbia appear to depend on their fishing weres for their Subsistance. 
  those people as well as the Chym na poms are very well disposed, much more 
  So particular their women than they were when we decended the river last 
  fall. Most of them have long Shirts and leggins, good robes and 
  Mockersons. their women were the truss when they Cannot precure the Shirt, 
  but very fiew are Seen with the former at the present. I prosume the 
  Suckcess of their Winters hunt has produced this change in their attere. 
  they all Cut their hair in the fore head, and most of the men ware the two 
  Cews over each Sholder in front of the body; Some have the addition of a 
  fiew Small plats formed of the eare locks, and others tigh a Small bundle 
  of the docked foretop in front of the fore head. their orniments are Such 
  as discribed of the nativs below, and are worn in a Similar manner. they 
  insisted on our danceing this evening but it rained a little the wind blew 
  hard and the weather was Cold, we therefore did not indulge them. Several 
  applyed to me to day for medical aides, one a broken arm another inward 
  fever and Several with pains across their loins, and Sore eyes. I 
  administered as well as I could to all. in the evining a man brought his 
  wife and a horse both up to me. the horse he gave me as a present. and his 
  wife who was verry unwell the effects of violent Coalds was placed before 
  me. I did not think her Case a bad one and gave Such medesine as would 
  keep her body open and raped her in flannel. left Some Simple Medesene to 
  be taken. we also gave Some Eye water 1 G# of Ela v V. & 2 grs. of 
  Sacchm Stry. to an ounce of water and in that perpotion. Great No# of the 
  nativs about us all night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1361-1806-04-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  April 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday April 30th 1806. This morning we had some difficulty in 
  collecting our horses notwithstanding we had bubbled and picquited those 
  we obtained of these people. we purchased two other horses this morning 
  and several dogs. we exchanged one of our most indifferent horses for a 
  very good one with the Chopunnish man who has his family with him. this 
  man has a daughter new arrived at the age of puberty, who being in a 
  certain situation is not permitted to ascociate with the family but sleeps 
  at a distance from her father's camp and when traveling follows at some 
  distance behind. in this state I am informed that the female is not 
  permitted to eat, nor to touch any article of a culinary nature or manly 
  occupation. at 10 A#M# we had collected all our horses except the white 
  horse which Yellept had given Capt# C# the whole of the men soon after 
  returned without being able to find this horse. I lent my horse to Yellept 
  to surch Capt# C's about half an hour after he set out our Chopunnish man 
  brought up Capt# C's horse we now determined to leave one man to bring on 
  my horse when Yellept returned and to proceed on with the party 
  accordingly we took leave of these friendly honest people the 
  Wollahwollahs and departed at 11 A#M# accompanyed by our guide and the 
  Chopunnish man and family. we continued our rout N# 30 E# 14 ms# through 
  an open level sandy plain to a bold Creek 10 yds# wide. this stream is a 
  branch of the Wallahwollah river into which it discharges itself about six 
  miles above the junction of that river with the Columbia. it takes it's 
  rise in the same range of mountains to the East of the sources of the main 
  branch of the same. it appears to be navigable for canoes; it is deep and 
  has a bold current. there are many large banks of pure sand which appear 
  to have been drifted up by the wind to the hight of 15 or 20 feet, lying 
  in many parts of the plain through which we passed today. this plain as 
  usual is covered with arromatic shrubs hurbatious plants and a short 
  grass. many of those plants produce those esculent roots which form a 
  principal part of the subsistence of the natives. among others there is 
  one which produces a root somewhat like the sweet pittaitoe. we 
  encamped at the place we intersepted the creek where we had the pleasure 
  once more to find an abundance of good wood for the purpose of making 
  ourselves comfortable fires, which has not been the case since we left 
  rock fort camp. Drewyer killed a beaver and an otter; a pan of the former 
  we reserved for ourselves and gave the indians the ballance. these people 
  will not eat the dog but feast heartily on the otter which is vastly 
  inferior in my estimation, they sometimes also eat their horses, this 
  indeed is common to all the indians who possess this annimal in the plains 
  of Columbia; but it is only done when necessity compells them. the 
  narrow bottom of this creek is very fertile, tho the plains are poor and 
  sandy. the hills of the creek are generally abrupt and rocky. there is a 
  good store of timber on this creek at least 20 fold more than on the 
  Columbia river itself. it consists of Cottonwood, birch, the crimson haw, 
  redwillow, sweetwillow, chokecherry yellow currants, goosberry, 
  whiteberryed honeysuckle rose bushes, seven bark, and shoemate. I observed 
  the corngrass and rushes in some parts of the bottom. Reubin Feilds 
  overtook us with my horse. our stock of horses has now encresed to 23 and 
  most of them excellent young horses, but much the greater portion of them 
  have soar backs. these indians are cruell horse~masters; they ride hard, 
  and their saddles are so illy constructed that they cannot avoid wounding 
  the backs of their horses; but reguardless of this they ride them when the 
  backs of those poor annimals are in a horrid condition. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1362-1806-04-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  April 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday April 30th 1806. This morning we had Some dificuelty in 
  Collecting our horses notwithstanding we had hobbled & Picqueted those 
  we obtained of those people. we purchased two other horses this morning 
  and 4 dogs. we exchanged one of our most indeferent horses for a very good 
  one with the Choponnish man who has his family with him. this man has a 
  doughter now arived at the age of puberty who being in a certain 
  Situation ¬ is not permited to acoiate with the family but Sleeps at a 
  distance from her father's Camp, and when traveling follows at Some 
  distance behind. in this State I am informed that the female is not 
  permited to eat, nor to touch any article of a culinary nature or manly 
  occupation. at 10 A#M# we had Collected all our horses except the White 
  horse which Yelleppit the Great Chief had given me. the whole of the men 
  haveing returned without being able to find this hors. I informed the 
  chief and he mounted Capt Lewis's horse and went in Serch of the horse 
  himself. about half an hour after the Chopunnish man brought my horse. we 
  deturmined to proceed on with the party leaving one man to bring up Capt 
  L#~s horse when Yelleppit Should return. We took leave of those honest 
  friendly people the Wallah wallahs and departed at 11 A#M# accompanied by 
  our guide and the Chopunnish man and family. we Continued our rout N# 30° 
  E# 14 ms# through an open leavel Sandy Plain to a bold Creek 10 yards 
  wide. this stream is a branch of the Wallahwallah river, and takes it's 
  rise in the same range of mountains to the East of the main branch. deep 
  and has a bold Current. there are maney large banks of pure Sand which 
  appear to have been drifted up by the wind to the hight of 20 or 30 feet, 
  lying in maney parts of the plains through which we passed to day. This 
  plain as usial is covered with arromatic Shrubs, hurbatious plants and 
  tufts of Short grass. Maney of those plants produce those esculent roots 
  which forms a principal part of the Subsistance of the Nativs. among 
  others there is one which produce a root Somewhat like the Sweet potato. 
  We encamped at the place we intersepted the Creek where we had the 
  pleasure once more to find a Sufficency of wood for the purpose of makeing 
  ourselves comfortable fires, which has not been the Case Since we left 
  Rock fort Camp below the falls. Drewyer killed a beaver and an otter. the 
  narrow bottoms of this Creek is fertile. tho the plains are pore & 
  Sandy. the hills of the Creek are generaly abrupt and rocky. there is Some 
  timber on this Creek. it consists of Cotton wood, birch, the Crimson haw, 
  red willow, Sweet willow, Choke Cherry, yellow Current, goose berry, white 
  berried honey suckle, rose bushes, Seven bark, Shoemate &c# &c# 
  rushes in Some parts of the bottoms. 
  = 
  R# Fields over took us with Capt Lewis's horse our Stock of horses have 
  now increased to 23 and most of them excellent young horses, but much the 
  greatest part of them have Sore backs. those Indians are cruel horse 
  masters; they ride hard and their Saddles illey constructed. &c# &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1363-1806-05-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 1st 1806. We collected our horses tolerably early this 
  morning took and set out a little after 7 A#M# we pursued the indian road 
  which led us up the creek about nine miles, here the Chopunnish man wo was 
  in front with me informed that an old unbeaten tract which he pointed out 
  to the left was our nearest rout. we halted the party and directed them to 
  unload and let their horses graize untill our guide came up who was at 
  some distance behind. I wished to obtain good information of this newly 
  recommended tract before I could consent to leave the present road which 
  seemed to lead us in the proper direction was level and furnished with 
  wood and water. when the guide arrived he seemed much displeased with the 
  other, he assured us that the rout up the creek was the nearest, and much 
  the best, that if we took the other we would be obliged to remain here 
  untill tomorrow morning, and then travel a whole day before we could reach 
  water, and that there was no wood; the other agreed that this was the 
  case. we therefore did not hesitate to pursue the rout recommended by the 
  guide. the creek, it's bottom lands, and the appearance of the plains were 
  much as those of esterday only with this difference that the latter were 
  not so sandy. we had sent out four hunters this morning two on foot and 2 
  on horseback they joined us while we halted here. Drewyer had killed a 
  beaver. at 1 P#M# we resumed our march, leaving the Chopunnish man and his 
  family; he had determined to remain at that place untill the next morning 
  and then pursue the rout he had recommended to us. he requested a small 
  quantity of powder and lead which we gave him. we traveled 17 miles this 
  evening, making a total of 26 Ms# and encamped. the first 3 miles of our 
  afternoons march was through a similar country with that of the forenoon; 
  the creek bottoms then became higher and widened to the extent of from 2 
  to 3 Ms# the hills on the N# side were low but those on the opposite side 
  retained their hight. we saw a number of deer of which Labuish killed one. 
  the timber on the creek becomes more abundant and it's extensive bottoms 
  affords a pleasent looking country. the guide informs us that we shall now 
  find a plenty of wood water and game quite to the Kooskooske. we saw a 
  great number of the Curloos, some Grains, ducks, prarie larks and several 
  speceis of sparrows common to the praries. I see very little difference 
  between the apparent face of the country here and that of the plains of 
  the Missouri only that these are not enlivened by the vast herds of 
  buffaloe Elk &c which ornament the other. the courses and distances of 
  this day are N# 45 E# 9 M# and N# 75 E# 17 M# along the Northern side of 
  this creek to our encampment. some time after we had encamped three young 
  men arrived from the Wallahwollah village bringing with them a steel trap 
  belonging to one of our party which had been neglegently left behind; this 
  is an act of integrity rarely witnessed among indians. during our stay 
  with them they several times found the knives of the men which had been 
  carelessly lossed by them and returned them. I think we can justly affirm 
  to the honor of these people that they are the most hospitable, honest, 
  and sincere people that we have met with in our voyage. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1364-1806-05-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday May 1st 1806. This morning we collected our horses and made an 
  early Start, haveing preveously Sent a hed 4 hunters with derections to 
  proceed up the Creek and kill every Species of game which they might meet 
  with. the Small portion of rain which fell last night Caused the road to 
  be much furmer and better than yesterday. the morning Cloudy and Cool. we 
  proceeded up the Creek on the N# E# Side through a Countrey of less sand 
  and Some rich bottoms on the Creek which is partially Supplyed with Small 
  Cotton trees, willow, red willow, choke Cherry, white thorn, birch, elder, 
   ¿¿  rose & honey suckle. Great portion of these bottoms has been 
  latterly burnt which has entirely distroyed the timbered growth. at the 
  distance of nine miles we over took our hunters, they had killed one bever 
  only at this place the road forked, one leaveing the Creek and the Corse 
  of it is nearly North. the Chopunnish who had accompanied us with his 
  family informed us that this was our best way. that it was a long distance 
  without water. and advised us to Camp on the Creek at this place and in 
  the morning to Set out early. This information perplexed us a little, in 
  as much as the idea of going a days march without water thro an open Sandy 
  plain and on a Course 50° out of our derection. we deturmined to unlode 
  and wate for our Guide, or the Chopunnish man who had accompanied us from 
  the long Narrows, who was in the rear with Drewyer our interpreter. on his 
  arrival we enquired of him which was the best and most direct roade for us 
  to take. he informed us that the road pointed out by his cumerade was 
  through a open hilly and Sandy Countrey to the river Lewis's River, and 
  was a long ways around, and that we Could not git to any water to day. the 
  other roade up the creek was a more derect Course, plenty of water wood 
  and only one hill in the whole distance and the road which he had always 
  recomended to us. Some words took place between those two men the latter 
  appeared in great pation Mounted his horse and Set out up the Creek. we 
  Sent a man after him and brought him back informed him that we believed 
  what he Said and Should imedeately after dinner proceed on the road up the 
  Creek with him. we gave the former man Some powder and ball which had been 
  promised him, and after an early dinner Set out up the Creek with our 
  guide leaveing the Chopunnish man and his family encamped at the forks of 
  the road where they intended to Stay untill the morning and proceed on the 
  rout he had recommended to us. we traviled 17 miles this evening makeing a 
  total of 26 mls. and encamped. the first 3 miles of our afternoons march 
  was through a Simaler Country of that of the fore noon; the Creek bottoms 
  then became higher and wider; to the extent of from 2 to 3 miles. we Saw 
  Several Deer of which Labiech killed one. the timber on the Creek become 
  more abundant and less burnt, and its extensive bottoms afford a pleasent 
  looking Country. we Saw a Great number of Curloos, Some Crains, Ducks, 
  prarie cocks, and Several Species of Sparrows common to the praries. I See 
  Very little difference between the apparant face of the Country here and 
  that of the plains of the Missouri. only that those are not enlivened by 
  the vast herds of Buffalow, Elk &c# which animated those of the 
  Missouri. The Courses & distances of this day are N# 45° E# 9 mls. 
  & N# 75° E# 17 Miles allong the North Side of this Creek to our 
  encampment. Sometime after we had encamped three young men arrived from 
  the Wallah wallah Village bringing with them a Steel trap belonging to one 
  of our party which had been negligently left behind; this is an act of 
  integrity rearly witnessed among Indians. dureing our Stay with them they 
  Several times found the knives of the men which had been Carefully lossed 
  by them and returned them. I think we can justly affirm to the honor of 
  those people that they are the most hospitable, honist and Sencere people 
  that we have met with on our Voyage. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1365-1806-05-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 2cd 1806. This morning we dispatched two hunters a head. we had 
  much difficulty in collecting our horses. at 8 A#M# we obtained them all 
  except the horse we obtained from the Chopunnish man whom we seperated 
  from yesterday. we apprehended that this horse would make some attempts to 
  rejoin the horses of this man and accordingly had him as we thought 
  securely bubbled both before and at the side, but he broke the strings in 
  the course of the night and absconded. we sent several men in different 
  directions in surch of him. I engaged one of the young indians who 
  overtook us last evening to return in surch of him. at half after 1 P#M# 
  The indian and Joseph Feilds returned with the horse, they had found him 
  on his way back about 17 Ms# I paid the indian the price stipulated for 
  his services and we immediately loaded up and set forward. steered East 3 
  M# over a hilly road along the N# side of the Creek, wide bottom on S# 
  side. a branch falls in on S# side which runs south towards the S# W# 
  mountains which appear to be about 25 Ms# distant low yet covered with 
  snow N# 75 E# 7 through an extensive level bottom. more timber than usual 
  on the creek, some pine of the long leafed kind appears on the sides of 
  the creek hills, also about 50 acres of well timbered pine land where we 
  passed the creek at 4 m# on this course N# 45 E# 9 ms# repassed the creek 
  at 4 M# and continued up a N# E# branch of the same which falls in about a 
  mile below where we passed the main creek. the bottoms though which we 
  passed were wide. the main creek boar to the S# and heads in the 
  Mountains; it's bottoms are much narrower above where we passed it and the 
  hills appear high. we passed the small creek at 83/4 from the commencement 
  of this course and encamped on the N# side in a little bottom, having 
  traveled 19 miles today. at this place the road leaves the creek and takes 
  the open high plain. this creek is about 4 yds# wide and bears East as far 
  as I could observe it. I observed considerable quantities of the qua~mash 
  in the bottoms through which we passed this evening now in blume. there is 
  much appearance of beaver and otter along these creeks. saw two deer at a 
  distance; also observed many sandhill crains Curloos and other fowls 
  common to the plains. the soil appears to improve as we advance on this 
  road. our hunters killed a duck only. the three young men of the 
  Wollahwollah nation continued with us. in the course of the day I observed 
  them eat the inner part of the young and succulent stem of a large coarse 
  plant with a ternate leaf, the leafets of which are three loabed and 
  covered with a woolly pubersence. the flower and fructification resembles 
  that of the parsnip this plant is very common in the rich lands on the 
  Ohio and it's branches the Mississippi &c# I tasted of this plant 
  found it agreeable and eat heartily of it without feeling any 
  inconvenience. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1366-1806-05-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday May 2nd 1806 This morning we dispatched two hunters a head. we had 
  much dificuelty in Collecting our horses. at 8 A#M# we obtained them all 
  except the horse we obtained from the Chopunnish man whome we Seperated 
  from yesterday. we apprehended that this horse would make Some attempts to 
  rejoin the horses of this man and accordingly had him as we thought 
  Scurely hobbled both before and at the Side, but he broke the Strings in 
  the Course of the night and absconded. we Sent Several men in different 
  directions in Serch of him. and hired one of the men who joined us last 
  night to prosue him and over take us & at 4 after 1 P#M# the indian 
  and Joseph Fields returned with the horse they had found him on his way 
  back about 17 miles. I paid the Indian the price Stipulated for his 
  Services and we imediately loaded up and Set forward. East 3 miles over a 
  hilly road along the N# Side of the Creek. wide bottoms on the S# Side. a 
  branch falls in on the S# side which runds from the S W# Mountains, which 
  appear to be about 25 m# distant low yet Covered with Snow. N# 75° E# 7 m# 
  through an extencive leavel bottom. more timber than usial on the Creek. 
  Some pine of the long leaf kind appear on the Creek hills. also about 50 
  acres of well timbered pine land where we passed the Creek at 4 m# on the 
  Course. N# 45° E# 9 m# passed the Creek at 4 M# and Continued up on the N# 
  E# Side. the bottoms wide. the main creek bear to the S# and head in the 
  Mountains. we passed a Small Creek at 83/4 m# from the Commencement of 
  this Course and encamped on the N# Side in a little bottom. haveing 
  traviled 19 miles to day. at this place the road leaves the Creek and 
  passes through the open high plains. this creek is 5 yds wide and bears 
  East towards the Mts. I observed a Considerable quantity of the qua mash 
  in the bottoms through which we passed this evening now in blume. there is 
  much appearance of beaver & otter along these creeks. Saw two deer at 
  a distance, also Sand hill Cranes, Curloos and fowls common to the plains. 
  the Soil appears to improve as we advance on this road. our hunters killed 
  a deer only. The three young men of the Wallah wallah nation Continue with 
  us in the Course of this day. I observed them cut the inner part of the 
  young and succulent Stem of a large Corse plant with a ternate leaf, the 
  leafets of which are three loabes and Covered with woolly pubersence. the 
  flower and fructification resembles that of the parsnip. this plant is 
  very common in the rich lands on the Ohio and its branches. I tasted of 
  this plant found it agreeable and eate hartily of it without feeling any 
  inconveniance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1367-1806-05-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 3rd 1806. This morning we set out at 7 A#M# steered N# 25 E 
  12 ms# to Kimooenem Creek through a high level plain. this creek is about 
  12 yds# wide pebbly bottom low banks and discharges a considerable body of 
  water it heads in the S# W# mountains and discharges itself into Lewis's 
  river a few miles above the narrows. the bottoms of this creek are narrow 
  with some timber principally Cottonwood and willow. the under brush such 
  as mentioned on N# East Creek. the hills are high and abrupt. the land of 
  the plains is much more fertile than below, less sand and covered with 
  taller grass; very little of the aromatic shrubs appear in this part of 
  the plain. we halted and dined at this creek; after which we again 
  proceeded N# 45 E# 3 M# through the high plain to a small creek 5 yds# 
  wide branch of the Kimooenem C# this stream falls into the creek some 
  miles below. the hills of this creek like those of the Kimooenem are high 
  it's bottoms narrow and possess but little timber, lands of a good 
  quality, a dark rich loam. we continued our rout up this creek, on it's N# 
  side. N# 75 E# 7 Ms# the timber increases in quantity the hills continue 
  high. East 4 Ms# up the creek. here we met with We~ark~koomt whom we have 
  usually distinguished by the name of the bighorn Cheif from the 
  circumstance of his always wearing a horn of that animal suspended by a 
  cord to he left arm. he is the 1st Cheif of a large band of the Chopunnish 
  nation. he had 10 of his young men with him. this man went down Lewis's 
  river by land as we decended it by water last fall quite to the Columbia 
  and I beleive was very instrumental in procuring us a hospitable and 
  friendly reception among the natives. he had now come a considerable 
  distance to meet us. after meeting this cheif we continued still up the 
  creek bottoms N# 75. E# 2 m to the place at which the road leaves the 
  creek and ascends the hills to the plain here we encamped in small grove 
  of cottonwood tree which in some measure broke the violence of the wind. 
  we came 28 ms# today. it rained hailed snowed and blowed with great 
  violence the greater portion of the day. it was fortunate for us that this 
  storm was from the S# W# and of course on our backs. the air was very 
  cold. we divided the last of our dryed meat at dinner when it was consumed 
  as well as the ballance of our dogs nearly we made but a scant supper and 
  had not anything for tomorrow; however We~arkkoomt consoled us with the 
  information that there was an indian lodge on the river at no great 
  distance where we might supply ourselves with provision tomorrow. our 
  guide and the three young Wallahwollahs left us this morning reather 
  abruptly and we have seen nothing of them since. the S# W# mountains 
  appear to become lower as they proceede to the N# E# this creek reaches 
  the mountains. we are nearer to them than we were last evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1368-1806-05-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 3rd May 1806 This morning we Set out at 7 A#M# Steared N# 25° E 
  12 m# to Kimoo e nimm Creek through a high leavel plain this Creek is 12 
  yds# wide pebbly bottom low banks and discharges a Considerable quanty of 
  water it head in the S W# Mountains and discharges it Self into Lewis's 
  river a fiew miles Above the narrows. the bottoms of this Creek is narrow 
  with Some timber principally Cotton wood & Willow. the under brush 
  Such as mentioned in the N# E# Creek. The hills are high and abrupt. the 
  lands of the plains is much more furtile than below, less Sand and Covered 
  with taller grass; very little of the aramatic Shrubs appear in this part 
  of the plain. we halted and dined at this Creek. after which we again 
  proceeded N# 45° E# 3 mes# through a high plain to a Small Creek 5 yds# 
  wide, a branch of the Kimooenimm Creek. the hills of this Stream like 
  those of the Ki moo enimm are high its bottoms narrow and possess but 
  little timber. the land of a good quallity dark rich loam. we Continued 
  our rout up this Creek on it's N# Side N# 75° E 7 mes# the timber increas 
  in quantity the hills continue high. we met with the We arh koont whome we 
  have usially distinguished by the name of the big horn Chief from the 
  circumstance of his always wareing a horn of that animal Suspended by a 
  Cord to his left arm. he is a 1st Chief of a large band of the Chopunnish 
  Nation. he had ten of his young men with him. this man Went down Lewis's 
  river by Land as we decended it by water last fall quite to the Columbia, 
  and I believe was very instremental in precureing us a hospital and 
  friendly reception among the nativs. he had now come a Considerable 
  distance to meet us. after meeting this Cheif we Continued Still up the 
  Creek bottoms N# 75° E# 2 m# to the place at which the roade leaves the 
  Creek and assends the hill to the high plains: here we Encamped in a Small 
  grove of Cotton trees which in some measure broke the violence of the 
  wind. we Came 28 miles today. it rained, hailed, Snowed & blowed with 
  Great Violence the greater portion of the day. it was fortunate for us 
  that this Storm was from the S# W# and of Course on our backs. the air was 
  very cold. we devided the last of our dried meat at dinner when it was 
  Consumed as well as the ballance of our Dogs nearly we made but a Scant 
  Supper, and had not any thing for tomorrow; however We~ark~koomt Consoled 
  us with the information that there was an Indian Lodge on the river at no 
  great distance where we might Supply our Selves with provisions tomorrow. 
  our Guide and the three young Wallah wallah's left us this morning reather 
  abruptly and we have Seen nothing of them Sence. the S W# Mountains appear 
  to become lower as they receed to the N, E# This Creek reaches the 
  mountains. we are much nearer to them than we were last evening. they are 
  Covered with timber and at this time Snow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1369-1806-05-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 4th 1806. Collected our horses and set out early; the morning 
  was cold and disagreeable. we ascended the Lard# hills of the creek and 
  steered N# 60° E# 4 miles through a high level plain to a ravine which 
  forms the source of a small creek, thence down this creek N# 75° E# 8 ms# 
  to it's entrance into Lewis's river 71/2 ms# below the entrance of the 
  Kooskooske. on the river a little above this creek we arrived at a lodge 
  of 6 families of which Weark~koomt had spoken. we halted here for 
  breakfast and with much difficulty purchase 2 lean dogs. the inhabitants 
  were miserably poor. we obtained a few large cakes of half cured bread 
  made of a root which resembles the sweet potatoe, with these we made some 
  scope and took breakfast. the lands through which we passed today are 
  fertile consisting of a dark rich loam the hills of the river are high and 
  approach it nearly on both sides. no timber in the plains. the S# W# 
  Mountains which appear to be about 15 Ms# above us still continue to 
  become lower they are covered with snow at present nearly to their bases. 
  Lewis's river appeas to pass through these mots. near their N# Eastern 
  extremity. these hills terminate in a high level plain between the 
  Kooskooske and Lewis's river. these plains are in many places well covered 
  with the Longleafed pine, with some Larch and balsom fir. the soil is 
  extreemly fertile no dose it appear so thisty as that of the same apparent 
  texture of the open plains. it produces great quantities of the quawmash a 
  root of which the natives are extreemly fond. a great portion of the 
  Chopunnish we are informed are now distributed in small vilages through 
  this plain collecting the quawmash and cows; the salmon not yet having 
  arrived to call them to the river. the hills of the creek which we 
  decended this morning are high and in most parts rocky and abrupt. one of 
  our pack horses sliped from one of those hights and fell into the creek 
  with it's load consisting principally of ammunition but fortunately neith 
  the horse nor load suffered any material injury. the amunition being 
  secured in canesters the water did not effect it. after dinner we 
  continued our rout up the West side of the river 3 Ms# opposite to 2 
  lodges the one containing 3 and the other 2 families of the Chopunnish 
  nation; here we met with Te~toh, ar sky, the youngest of the two cheifs 
  who accompanied us last fall the great falls of the Columbia here we also 
  met with our pilot who decended the river with us as far as the Columbia. 
  these indians recommended our passing the river at this place and 
  ascending the Kooskooske on the N# E# side. they said it was nearer and a 
  better rout to the forkes of that river where the twisted hair resided in 
  whose charge we had left our horses; thither they promised to conduct us. 
  we determined to take the advice of the indians and immediately prepared 
  to pass the river which with the assistance of three indian canoes we 
  effected in the course of the evening, purchased a little wood and some 
  bread of cows from the natives and encamped having traveled 15 Ms# only 
  today. We~ark~koomt whose people resided on the West side of Lewis's river 
  above left us when we determined to pass the river and went on to his 
  lodg. the evening was cold and disagreeable, and the natives crouded about 
  our fire in great numbers insomuch that we could scarcely cook of keep 
  ourselves warm. at all these lodges of the Chopunnish I observe an 
  appendage of a small lodg with one fire which seems to be the retreat of 
  their women in a certain situation. the men are not permitted to approach 
  this lodge within a certain distance and if they have any thing to convey 
  to the occupants of this little hospital they stand at the distance of 50 
  or 60 paces and throw it towards them as far as they can and retire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1370-1806-05-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday May 4th 1806 Collected our horses and Set out early; the morning 
  was Cold and disagreeable. we assended the Larboard Hill of the Creek and 
  Steared N 60° E 4 M# through a high leavil plain to a revine which forms 
  the Source of a small creek, thence down the Creek N 75° E# 8 Ms# to it's 
  enterance into Lewis's river 71/2 ms# below the enterance of Koos koos ke. 
  on the river a little above this Creek we arived at a lodge of 6 families 
  of which We~ark'~koomt had Spoken. We halted here for brackfast and with 
  much dificuelty purchased 2 lean dogs. the inhabitents were miserably 
  pore. we obtained a fiew large cakes of half cured bread made of a root 
  which resembles the Sweet potatoe, with these we made Some Soope and took 
  brackfast. the lands through which we passed to day are fertile consisting 
  of a dark rich loam. the hills of the river are high and abrupt 
  approaching it nearly on both Sides. no timber in the plains. the S# W# 
  Mountains which appear to be about 15 Miles from us Still Continue to 
  become lower, they are Covered with Snow at present nearly to their bases. 
  Lewis's river appear to pass through those Mountains near the N Eastern 
  extremity. those hills termonate in a high leavil plain between the 
  Kooskoske & Lewis's river. these plains are in maney places well 
  covered with the long leafed pine and Some balsom fir. the Soil is 
  extreamly fertile. no does it appear So thirsty as that of the Same 
  apparrant texture of the open plains. it produces great quantities of the 
  quawmash a root of which the nativs are extreemly fond. a Great portion of 
  the Chopunnish we are informed are now distributed in Small villages 
  through this plain Collecting the Cowse a white Meley root which is very 
  fine in Soup after being dried and pounded; the Salmon not yet haveing 
  arived to Call them to the river. The hills of the Creek which we 
  decended this morning are high and in most parts rocky and abrupt. one of 
  our pack horses Sliped from one of those hights and fell into the Creek 
  with it's load Consisting principally of amunition, but fortunately 
  neither the horse nor load Suffered any Matereal injury. the ammunition 
  being Secured in Canesters the water did not effect it. 
  = 
  after dinner we Continued our rout up the West Side of the river 3 ms# 
  opposit 2 Lodges the one Containing 3 and the other 2 families of the 
  Chopunnish Nation; here we met with Te~toh~ar~sky the oldest of the two 
  Chiefs who accompanied us last fall to the Great falls of the Columbia. 
  here we also met with our old pilot who decended the river with us as low 
  as the Columbia these indians recommended our passing the river at this 
  place and going up on the N E Side of the Kooskoske. they Sayed it was 
  nearer and a better rout to the forks of that river where the twisted hair 
  resided in whose charge we had left our horses; thither they promised to 
  Conduct us. we determined to take the advise of the indians and imediately 
  prepared to pass the river which with the assistance of three indian 
  Canoes we effected in the Course of the evening, purchased a little Wood, 
  Some Cows bread and encamped, haveing traveled 15 miles to day only. We 
  ark koomt whose people reside on the West Side of Lewis's river above left 
  us when we deturmined to pass the river. before he left us he expressed 
  his concern that his people would be deprived of the pleasure of Seeing us 
  at the forks at which place they had assimbled to Shew us Sivilities &c# 
  I gave him a Small piece of tobacco and he went off Satisfied. the evening 
  was Cold and disagreeable, and the nativs Crouded about our fire in great 
  numbers in so much that we Could Scercely Cook or keep ourselves worm. at 
  all those Lodges of the Chopunnish I observe an appendage of a Small lodge 
  with one fire, which Seames to be the retreat of their women in a certain 
  Situation. the men are not permited to approach this Lodge within a 
  certain distance, and if they have any thing to Convey to the Occupents of 
  this little hospital they Stand at the distance of 50 or 60 paces and 
  throw it towards them as far as they Can and retire. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1371-1806-05-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 5th 1806. Collected our horses and set out at 7 A#M# at 41/2 
  miles we arrived at the entrance of the Kooskooske, up the N# Eastern side 
  of which we continued our march 12 ms# to a large lodge of 10 families 
  having passed two other large mat lodges the one at 5 and the other at 8 
  Ms# from the mouth of the Kooskooske but not being able to obtain any 
  provision at either of those lodges continued our march to the third where 
  we arrived at 1 P#M# & with much difficulty obtained 2 dogs and a 
  small quanty of root bread and dryed roots. at the second lodge we passed 
  an indian man gave Capt# C# a very eligant grey mare for which he 
  requested a phial of eye~water which was accordingly given him. while we 
  were encamped last fall at the entrance of the Chopunnish river Capt# C# 
  gave an indian man some volitile linniment to rub his kee and thye for a 
  pain of which he complained, the fellow soon after recovered and has never 
  ceased to extol the virtues of our medecines and the skill of my friend 
  Capt C# as a phisician. this occurrence added to the benefit which many of 
  them experienced from the eyewater we gave them about the same time has 
  given them an exalted opinion of our medicine. my friend Capt# C# is their 
  favorite phisician and has already received many applications. in our 
  present situation I think it pardonable to continue this deseption for 
  they will not give us any provision without compensation in merchandize 
  and our stock is now reduced to a mere handfull. we take care to give them 
  no article which can possibly oinjure them. we foud our Chopunnish guide 
  at this lodge with his family. the indians brought us Capt# Clark's horse 
  from the oposite side of the river and delivered him to us while here. 
  this horse had by some accedent seperated from our other horses above and 
  had agreeably to indian information been in this neighbourhood for some 
  weeks. while at dinner an indian fellow verry impertinently threw a poor 
  half starved puppy nearly into my plait by way of derision for our eating 
  dogs and laughed very heartily at his own impertinence; I was so provoked 
  at his insolence that I caught the puppy and thew it with great violence 
  at him and struk him in the breast and face, siezed my tomahawk and shewed 
  him by signs if he repeated his insolence I would tommahawk him, the 
  fellow withdrew apparently much mortifyed and I continued my repast on dog 
  without further molestation. after dinner we continued our rout 4 miles to 
  the entrance of Colter's Creek about 1/2 a mile above the rapid where we 
  sunk the 1st canoe as we decended the river last fall. we encamped on the 
  lower side of this creek at a little distance from two lodges of the 
  Chopunnish nation having traveled 201/2 ms# today. one of these lodges 
  contained eight families, the other was much the largest we have yet seen. 
  it is 156 feet long and about 15 wide built of mats and straw. in the form 
  of the roof of a house having a number of small doors on each side, is 
  closed at the ends and without divisions in the intermediate space this 
  lodge contained at least 30 families. their fires are kindled in a row in 
  the center of the house and about 10 feet assunder. 
  = 
  all the lodges of these people are formed in this manner. we arrived here 
  extreemly hungry and much fatiegued, but no articles of merchandize in our 
  possession would induce them to let us have any article of provision 
  except a small quantity of bread of cows and some of those roots dryed. we 
  had several applications to assist their sick which we refused unless they 
  would let us have some dogs or horses to eat. a man whose wife had an 
  absess formed on the small of her back promised a horse in the morning 
  provided we would administer to her accordingly Capt# C# opened the absess 
  introduced a tent and dressed it with basilicon; I prepared some dozes of 
  the flour of sulpher and creem of tarter which were given with directions 
  to be taken on each morning. a little girl and sundry other patients were 
  offered for cure but we posponed our operations untill morning; they 
  produced us several dogs but they were so poor that they were unfit for 
  use. This is the residence of one of 4 principal Cheifs of the nation whom 
  they call Neesh~ne,~park~ke~ook or the cut nose from the circumstance of 
  his nose being cut by the snake indians with a launce in battle. to this 
  man we gave a medal of the small size with the likeness of the President. 
  he may be a great cheif but his countenance has but little inteligence and 
  his influence among his people seems but inconsiderable. a number of 
  indians beside the inhabitants of these lodges geathered about us this 
  evening and encamped in the timbered bottom on the creek near us. we met 
  with a snake indian man at this place through whome we spoke at some 
  length to the natives this evening with rispect to the objects which had 
  induced us to visit their country. this address was induced at this moment 
  by the suggestions of an old man who observed to the natives that he 
  thought we were bad men and had come most probably in order to kill them. 
  this impression if really entertained I beleive we effaced; they appeared 
  well satisfyed with what we said to them, and being hungry and tired we 
  retired to rest at 11 oClock. We~ark~koomt rejoined us this evening. 
  this man has been of infinite service to us on several former occasions 
  and through him we now offered our address to the natives. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1372-1806-05-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday May 5th 1806 Collected our horses and Set out at 7 A M# at 41/2 ms# 
  we arived at the enterance of Kooskooske, up the N E# Side of which we 
  continued our March 12 Miles to a large lodge of 10 families haveing 
  passed two other large mat lodges the one at 5 and the other at 8 Miles 
  from the Mouth of the Kooskooske, but not being able to obtain provisions 
  at either of those Lodges continued our March to the 3rd where we arived 
  at 1 P#M# and with much dificuelty obtained 2 dogs and a Small quantity of 
  bread and dryed roots. at the Second Lodge of Eight families Capt L# & 
  my self both entered Smoked with a man who appeared to be a principal man. 
  as we were about to leave his lodge and proceed on our journey he brought 
  foward a very eligant Gray mare and gave her to me, requesting Some eye 
  water. I gave him a phial of Eye water a handkerchief and some Small 
  articles of which he appeared much pleased. While we were encamped last 
  fall at the enterance of Chopunnish river, I gave an Indian man some 
  volitile leniment to rub his knee and thye for a pain of which he 
  Complained. the fellow Soon after recovered and have never Seased to extol 
  the virtue of our medicines. near the enterance of the Kooskooske, as we 
  decended last fall I met with a man, who Could not walk with a tumure on 
  his thye. this had been very bad and recovering fast. I gave this man a 
  jentle pirge cleaned & dressed his Sore and left him Some Casteel Soap 
  to wash the Sore which Soon got well. this man also assigned the 
  restoration of his leg to me. those two cures has raised my reputation and 
  given those nativs an exolted oppinion of my Skill as a phician. I have 
  already received maney applications. in our present Situation I think it 
  pardonable to continue this deception for they will not give us any 
  provisions without Compensation in merchendize, and our Stock is now 
  reduced to a mear handfull. we take Care to give them no article which Can 
  possibly injure them. and in maney Cases can administer & give Such 
  Medicine & Sergical aid as will effectually restore in Simple Cases 
  &c# We found our Chopunnish Guide with his family. the Indians brought 
  my horse which was left at the place we made Canoes, from the opposit Side 
  and delivered him to me while here. this horse had by Some accident 
  Seperated from our other horses above, and agreeably to indian information 
  had been in this neighbourhood Some weeks. while at dinner an indian 
  fellow very impertinently threw a half Starved puppy nearly into the plate 
  of Capt# Lewis by way of derision for our eating dogs and laughed very 
  heartily at his own impertinence; Capt L# ¬ was So provoked at the 
  insolence that he cought the puppy and threw it with great violence at him 
  and Struck him in the breast and face, Seazed his tomahawk, and Shewed him 
  by Sign that if he repeeted his insolence that he would tomahawk him, the 
  fellow withdrew apparently much mortified and we continued our Dinner 
  without further Molestation. after dinner we continued our rout 4 miles to 
  the enterance of Colter's Creek about 1/2 a mile above the rapid where we 
  Sunk the 1st Canoe as we decended the river last fall. We encamped on the 
  lower Side of this Creek a little distance from two Lodges of the 
  Chopunnish nation haveing traviled 201/2 miles to day one of those Lodges 
  Contained 8 families, the other was much the largest we have yet seen. it 
  is 156 feet long and about 15 feet wide built of mats and Straw, in the 
  form of the roof of a house haveing a number of Small dores on each Side, 
  is closed at the ends and without divisions in the intermediate Space. 
  this lodge at least 30 families. their fires are kindled in a row in the 
  Center of the Lodge and about 10 feet assunder. all the Lodges of these 
  people are formed in this manner. we arrived here extreemly hungary and 
  much fatigued, but no articles of merchindize in our possession would 
  induce them to let us have any article of Provisions except a Small 
  quantity of bread of Cows and some of those roots dryed. We had Several 
  applications to assist their Sick which we refused unless they would let 
  us have Some dogs or horses to eat. a man whose wife had an absess formed 
  on the Small of her back promised a horse in the morning provided we would 
  administer to her, I examined the absess and found it was too far advanced 
  to be cured. I told them her case was desperate. agreeably to thir request 
  I opened the absess. I then introduced a tent and dressed it with 
  bisilican; and prepared Some dozes of the flour of Sulpher and Creem of 
  tarter which were given with directions to be taken on each morning. a 
  little girl and Sundery other patients were brought to me for Cure but we 
  posponed our opperations untill the morning; they produced us Several dogs 
  but they were So pore that they were unfit to eat. This is the residence 
  of one of four principal Cheafs of the nation whome they call 
  Neesh~ne~park~ke~ook or the Cut nose from the circumstance of his nose 
  being Cut by the Snake Indians with a launce in battle. to this man we 
  gave a Medal of the Small Size with a likeness of the President. he may be 
  a great Chief but his Countinance has but little inteligence and his 
  influence among his people appears very inconsiderable. a number of 
  Indians besides the inhabitents of these Lodges gathered about us this 
  evening and encamped in the timbered bottom on the Creek near us. We met 
  with a Snake indian man at this place through whome we Spoke at Some 
  length to the nativs this evening with respect to the object which had 
  enduced us to visit their Country. this address was induced at this moment 
  by the Suggestions of an old man who observed to the nativs that he 
  thought we were bad men and had Come most probably in order to kill them. this 
  impression if really entertained I believe we effected; they appeared well 
  Satisfied with what we Said to them, and being hungary and tired we 
  retired to rest at 11 oClock. We~ark~koomt rejoined us this evening. 
  this man has been of infinate Service to us on Several former occasions 
  and through him we now offered our address to the nativs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1373-1806-05-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 6th 1806. This morning the husband of the sick woman was as 
  good as his word, he produced us a young horse in tolerable order which we 
  immediately killed and butchered. the inhabitants seemed more accomodating 
  this morning; they sold us some bread. we received a second horse for 
  medecine and prescription for a little girl with the rheumatism. Capt# C# 
  dressed the woman again this morning who declared that she had rested 
  better last night than she had since she had been sick. sore eyes is an 
  universal complaint with all the natives we have seen on the west side of 
  the Rocky mountains. Capt# C# was busily engaged for several hours this 
  morning in administering eye~water to a croud of applicants. we once more 
  obtained a plentifull meal, much to the comfort of all the party. I 
  exchanged horses with We~ark'~koomt and gave him a small flag with which 
  he was much gratifyed. the sorrel I obtained is an eligant strong active 
  well broke horse perfictly calculated for my purposes. at this place we 
  met with three men of a nation called the Skeets~so~mish who reside at the 
  falls of a large river disharging itself into the Columbia on it's East 
  side to the North of the entrance of Clark's river. this river they 
  informed us headed in a large lake in the mountains and that the falls 
  below which they resided was at no great distance from the lake. these 
  people are the same in their dress and appearance with the Chopunnish, tho 
  their language is intirely different a circumstance which I did not learn 
  untill we were about to set out and it was then too late to take a 
  vocabulary. The river here called Clark's river is that which we have 
  heretofore called the Flathead river, I have thus named it in honour of my 
  worthy friend and fellow traveller Capt# Clark. for this stream we know no 
  indian name and no whiteman but ourselves was ever on it's principal 
  branches. the river which Fidler calls the great lake river may possibly 
  be a branch of it but if so it is but a very inconsiderable branch and may 
  as probably empty itself into the Skeetssomish as into that river. the 
  stream which I have heretofore called Clark's river has it's three 
  principal sources in mountains Hood, Jefferson & the Northern side of 
  the S# W# Mountains and is of course a short river. this river I shall in 
  future call the To~wannahiooks river it being the name by which it is 
  called by the Eneshur nation. The Kooskooske river may be safely navigated 
  at present all the rocks of the shoals and rapids are perfectly covered; 
  the current is strong, the water clear and cold. this river is rising 
  fast.The timber of this river which consists principally of the long 
  leafed pine commences about 2 miles below our present camp on Colter's 
  Creek. it was two oclock this evening before we could collect our horses. 
  at 3 P#M# we set out accompanyed by the brother of the twisted hair and We 
  arkkoomt. I directed the horse which we had obtained for the purpose of 
  eating to be led as it was yet unbroke, in performing this duty a quarrel 
  ensued between Drewyer and Colter. we continued our march this evening 
  along the river 9 miles to a lodge of 6 families, built of sticks mats 
  & dryed hay in the same form of those heretofore discribed. we passed 
  a lodge of 3 families at 4 ms# on the road. no provision of any 
  discription was to be obtained of these people. a little after dark our 
  young horse broke the rope by which he was confined and made his escape 
  much to the chagrine of all who recollected the keenness of their 
  appetites last evening. the brother of the twisted hair and Wearkkoomt 
  with 10 or 12 others encamped with us this evening. 
  = 
  the natives have a considerable salmon fishery up Colter's Creek. this 
  stream extends itself to the pirs of the rocky mountain and in much the 
  greater part of it's course passes through a well timbered pine country it 
  is 25 yds# wide and discharges a large body of water. the banks low and 
  bed formed of pebbles. had a small shower of rain this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1374-1806-05-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday May 6th 1806 This morning the Susband of the Sick woman was as 
  good as his word. he produced us a young horse in tolerable order which we 
  imedeately had killed and butchered. the inhabitents Seemed more 
  accommodating this morning. they Sold us Some bread. we received a Second 
  horse for Medecine & procription to a little girl with the rhumitism 
  whome I had bathed in worm water, and anointed her a little with balsom 
  Capivia. I dressed the woman again this morning who declared that She had 
  rested better last night than She had Since She had been sick. Sore Eyes 
  is an universal Complaint among all the nations which we have Seen on the 
  West Side of the rocky Mountains. I was busily imployed for several hours 
  this morning in administering eye water to a Croud of applicants. we once 
  more obtained a plentiful meal, much to the Comfort of all the party. Capt 
  Lewis exchanged horses with We ark koomt and gave him a small flag with 
  which he was much pleased and gratifyed. the Sorrel which Cap L# obtained 
  is a Strong active well broke horse. At this place we met with three men 
  of a nation Called the Skeetsso~mish who reside at the falls of a Small 
  river dischargeing itself into the Columbia on its East Side to the South 
  of the enterance of Clarks river. this river they informed us headed in a 
  large lake in the mountains and that the falls below which they reside was 
  at no great distance from the lake. these people are the Same in their 
  dress and appearance with the Chopunnish, tho their language is entirely 
  different. one of them gave me his whip which was a twisted Stick 18 Ins. 
  in length at one end a pice of raw hide Split So as to form two Strings 
  about 20 inches in length as a lash, to the other end a String passed 
  through a hole and fastened at each end for a loope to Slip over the 
  wrist# I gave in return for this whip a fathom of narrow binding. The 
  River here Calld. Clarks river is that which we have heretofore Called 
  Flathead river. Capt# Lewis has thought proper to Call this after myself 
  for this Stream we know no Indhan name and no white man but our Selves was 
  ever on this river. The river which Fiddler call's the great Lake river 
  may possiably be a branch of it, but if So it is but a very inconsiderable 
  branch, and may as probably empty itself into the Columbia above as into 
  Clarks river. the Stream which the party has heretofore Called Clarks 
  river imedeately above the great falls, has it's three principal branches 
  in Mountains Jefferson, Hood and the Northern Side of the S# W# Mountains 
  and is of course a Short river. this river is Called by the Skillutes 
  & Eneshure Nations Towannahhiooks which is also the name they Call 
  those bands of Snake indians who Come on this river every Spring to Catch 
  the Salmon. The Kooskooske river may be Safely navigated at present all 
  the rocks of the Sholes and rapids are perfectlly Covered; the Current is 
  Strong, the water Clear and Cold. this river is riseing fast. The timber 
  of this river which consists principally of the long leafed pine which 
  commences about 2 miles below our present encampment on Colters Creek. it 
  was 2 P M# this evening before we could collect our horses. at 3 P M# we 
  Set out accompanied by the brother of the twisted hair and We~ark~koomt. 
  we derected the horse which I had obtained for the purpose of eateing to 
  be led as it was unbroke, in performing this duty a quarrel ensued between 
  Drewyer and Colter. We Continued our march along the river on its North 
  Side 9 miles to a lodge of 6 families built of Sticks mats and dryed Hay. 
  of the Same form of those heretofore discribed. we passed a Lodge of 3 
  families at 4 ms# on the river, no provisions of any discription was to be 
  obtained of these people. a little after dark our young horse broke the 
  rope by which he was Confined and made his escape much to the chagrine of 
  all who recollected the keenness of their appetites last evening. the 
  brother of the twisted hair & wearkkoomt with 10 others encamped with 
  us this evening 
  = 
  The nativs have a Considerable Salmon fishery up Colters Creek. this 
  Stream extends itself to the Spurs of the Rocky Mountain and in much the 
  greater part of its Course passes through a well timbered pine Country. it 
  is 25 yds# wide and discharges a large body of water. the banks low and 
  bead formed of pebbles. had a Small Shower of rain this evening. The 
  Chopunnish about the Mouth of the Kooskooske bury their dead on Stoney 
  hill Sides generally, and as I was informed by an Indian who made Signs 
  that they made a hole in the Grown by takeing away the Stones and earth 
  where they wished to deposit the dead body after which they laid the body 
  which was previously raped in a robe and Secured with Cords. over the body 
  they placed Stones So as to form a Sort of arch on the top of which they 
  put Stones and earth So as to Secure the body from the wolves and birds 
  &c# they Sometimes inclose the grave with a kind of Sepulcher like the 
  roof of a house formed of the canoes of the disceased. they also Sacrifice 
  the favorite horses of the disceased. the bones of many of which we See on 
  and about the graves. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1375-1806-05-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 7th 1806. This morning we collected our horses and set out 
  early accompanyed by the brother of the twisted hair as a guide; 
  Wearkkoomt and his party left us. we proceeded up the river 4 miles to a 
  lodge of 6 families just below the entrance of a small creek, here our 
  guide recommended our passing the river. he informed us that the road was 
  better on the South side and that game was more abundant also on that side 
  near the entrance of the Chopunnish river. we determined to pursue the 
  rout recommended by the guide and accordingly unloaded our horses and 
  prepared to pass the river which we effected by means of one canoe in the 
  course of 4 hours. a man of this lodge produced us two canisters of powder 
  which he informed us he had found by means of his dog where they had been 
  buried in a bottom near the river some miles above, they were the same 
  which we had buryed as we decended the river last fall. as he had kept 
  them safe and had honesty enough to return them to us we gave him a fire 
  steel by way of compensation. during our detention at the river we took 
  dinner, after which or at 3 P#M# we renewed our march along the river 
  about 2 ms# over a difficult stony road, when we left the river and 
  asscended the hills to the wright which are here mountains high. the face 
  of the country when you have once ascended the river hills is perfectly 
  level and partially covered with the longleafed pine. the soil is a dark 
  rich loam thickly covered with grass and herbatious plants which afford a 
  delightfull pasture for horses. in short it is a beautifull fertile and 
  picteresque country. Neeshneparkeeook overtook us and after riding with us 
  a few miles turned off to the wright to visit some lodges of his people 
  who he informed me were geathering roots in the plain at a little distance 
  from the road. our guide conducted us through the plain and down a steep 
  and lengthey hill to a creek which we called Musquetoe Creek in 
  consequence of being infested with swarms of those insects on our arrival 
  at it. this is but an inconsiderable stream about 6 yds# wide heads in the 
  plains at a small distance and discharges itself into the Kooskooke 9 
  miles by water below the entrance of the Chopunnish river. we struck this 
  creek at the distance of 5 ms# from the point at which we left the river 
  our cours being a little to the S# of East. ascending the creek one mile 
  on the S# E# side we arrived at an indian incampment of six lodges which 
  appeared to have been recently evacuated. here we remained all night 
  having traveled 12 miles only. the timbered country on this side of the 
  river may be said to commence near this creek, and on the other side of 
  the river at a little distance from it the timber reaches as low as 
  Colter's Creek. the earth in many parts of these plains is thrown up in 
  little mounds by some animal whose habits are similar to the Sallemander, 
  like that animal it is also invisible; notwithstanding I have observed the 
  work of this animal thoughout the whole course of my long tract from St# 
  Louis to the Pacific ocean I have never obtained a view of this animal. 
  the Shoshone man of whom I have before made mention evertook us this 
  evening with Neeshneparkeeook and remained with us this evening. we 
  suped this evening as we had dined on horse~beef. we saw several deer this 
  evening and a great number of the tracks of these animals we determined to 
  remain here untill noon tomorrow in order to obtain some venison and 
  accordingly gave orders to the hunters to turn out early in the morning. he 
  Spurs of the rocky Mountains which were in view from the high plain today 
  were perfectly covered with snow. the Indians inform us that the snow is 
  yet so deep on the mountains that we shall not be able to pass them untill 
  the next full moon or about the first of June; others set the time at 
  still a more distant period. this unwelcom inteligence to men confined to 
  a diet of horsebeef and roots, and who are as anxious as we are to return 
  to the fat plains of the Missouri and thence to our native homes. The 
  Chopunnish bury their dead in Sepulchres formed of boards like the roofs 
  of houses. the corps is rolled in skins and laid on boards above the 
  surface of the earth. they are laid in several teer one over another being 
  seperated by a board only above and below from other corps. I did observe 
  some instances where the body was laid in an indifferent woden box which 
  was placed among other carcased rolled in skin in the order just 
  mentioned. they sacrifice horses canoes and every other speceis of 
  property to their ded. the bones of many horses are seen laying about 
  those sepulchres. this evening was cold as usual. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1376-1806-05-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday May 7th 1806 This morning we collected our horses and Set out 
  early accompanied by the brother of the twisted hair as a guide; 
  Wearkkoomt and his party left us. we proceeded up the river 4 miles to a 
  lodge of 6 families just below the enterance of a Small Creek, here our 
  guide recommended our passing the river, he informed us that the road was 
  better on the South Side, and that game was more abundant also on that 
  Side near the enterance of Chopunnish river. we deturmined to pursue the 
  rout recommended by the guide, and accordingly unloaded our horses and 
  prepared to pass the river which we effected by means of one Canoe in the 
  Course of 4 hours. a man of this lodge produced us two Canisters of Powder 
  which he informed us he had found by means of his dog where they had been 
  berried in the bottom near the river a fiew miles above. they were the 
  Same which we had burried as we decended the river last fall. as he had 
  kept them Safe and had honisty enough to return them to us, we gave him a 
  fire Steel by way of Compensation. dureing our detention at the river we 
  took dinner. after which we renewed our march along the S# E# Side of the 
  river about 2 miles over a dificuelt Stoney road, when we left the river 
  and assended the hills to the right which are here mountains high. the 
  face of the Country when you have once assended the river hills, is 
  perfectly level and partially Covered with the long leafed pine. the Soil 
  is a dark rich loam, thickly Covered with grass and herbatious plants 
  which afford a delightfull pasture for horses. in Short it is a butifull 
  fertile picteresque Country. Neeshneparkeeook over took us and after 
  rideing with us a fiew miles turned off to the right to visit some lodges 
  of his people who he informed us were gathering roots in the plains at a 
  little distance from the road. our guide Conducted us through the plain 
  and down a Steep and lengthy hill to a Creek which we Call Musquetoe Creek 
  in consequence of being infested with Sworms of those insects on our 
  arival at it. this is but an inconsiderable Stream about 6 yards wide 
  heads in the plains at a Short distance and discharges itself into the 
  Kooskooske 9 ms# by water below the forks. we Struck this Creek at the 
  distance of 5 miles from the point at which we left the river our course 
  being a little to the S# of East. we proceeded up the Creek one Mile and 
  on the S# E# Side we arived at an old Indian incampment of Six Lodges 
  which appeared to have been recently evacuated. here we remained all night 
  haveing traveled 12 ms# only. the timbered Country on this Side of the 
  river may be Said to Commence a Short distance below this Creek, and on 
  the other Side of the river at a little distance from it the timber 
  reaches as low as Colter's Creek. the earth in maney parts of those plains 
  is thown up in little mounds by Some animal whose habits are Similar to 
  the Sallemander, like that animal it is also invisible; notwithstanding I 
  have observed the work of this animal throughout the whole course of my 
  trail from St# Louis to the Pacific Ocian, I have never obtained a View of 
  this animal. The Shoshone man of whome I have before mentioned over took 
  us this evening with Neesh neparkeeook or Cut nose and remained with us 
  this evening. we Suped this evening as we had done on horse beef. we Saw 
  Several deer this evening, and a great number of the tracks of these 
  animals we deturmined to remain here untill noon tomorrow in order to 
  obtain some venison, and accordingly gave orders to the hunters to turn 
  out early in the morning. The Spurs of the rocky mountains which were in 
  view from the high plain to day were perfectly Covered with Snow. The 
  Indians inform us that the Snow is yet So deep on the Mountains that we 
  Shall not be able to pass them untill after the next full moon or about 
  the first of June. others Set the time at a more distant period. this 
  unwelcom intiligence to men confined to a diet of horsebeef and roots, and 
  who are as anxious as we are to return to the fat plains of the Missouri, 
  and thence to our native homes. The Chopunnish bury their dead in 
  different ways as I have obseved, besides that already discribed they 
  scaffold Some and deposit others in Sepulchers, those are rearly to be 
  Seen in this upper part of the Columbian Waters. the one already discribed 
  is the most Common. they all Sacrifice horses, Canoes and every Species of 
  property to the dead. the bones of maney horses are Seen lyeing about 
  those repositaries of the dead &c#. 
  = 
  I observed in all the Lodges which we have passed Since we Crossed Lewis's 
  river decoys, or Stocking heads as they are Sometimes called. these decoys 
  are for the deer and is formed of the Skin of the head and upper portion 
  of the neck of that animale extended in the nateral Shape by means of a 
  fiew little Sticks placed within. the hunter when he Sees a deer conseals 
  himself and with his hand givs to the decoy the action of a deer at feed, 
  and this induces the deer within arrowshot; in this mode the Indians near 
  the woody country hunt on foot in Such places where they cannot pursue the 
  deer with horses which is their favourite method when the grounds will 
  permit. The orniments worn by the Chopunnish are, in their nose a 
  Single Shell of wampom, the pirl & beeds are Suspended from the ears. 
  beads are worn arround their wrists, neck and over their Sholders 
  crosswise in the form of a double Sash. the hair of the men is Cewed in 
  two rolls which hang on each side in front of the body. Collars of bears 
  Claws are also Common; but the article of dress on which they appear to 
  bestow most pains and orniments is a kind of collar or brestplate; this is 
  most Commonly a Strip of otter skins of about Six inches Wide taken out of 
  the Center of the Skin it's whole length including the head. this is 
  dressed with the hair on, this is tied around the neck & hangs in 
  front of the body the tail frequently reaching below their knees; on this 
  Skin in front is attatched pieces of pirl, beeds, wampom, pices of red 
  Cloth and in Short whatever they conceive most valuable or ornamental. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1377-1806-05-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 8th 1806. Most of the hunters turned out by light this 
  morning a few others remained without our permission or knoledge untill 
  late in the morning, we chid them severely for their indolence and 
  inattention to the order of last evening. about 8 OCk# Sheilds returned 
  with a small deer on which we breakfasted. by 11 A#M# all our hunters 
  returned, Drewyer and Cruzatte brought each a deer, Collins wounded 
  another which my dog caught at a little distance from the camp. our stock 
  of provision now consisted of 4 deer and the remnant of the horse which we 
  killed at Colter's Creek. Sheilds killed a duck of an uncommon kind. the 
  head beak and wing of which I preserved. the beak is remarkably wide and 
  obtusely pointed, on it's edges it is furnished with a sceries of teeth 
  very long and fine not unlike the teeth of a comb. the belley is of a 
  brick red, the lower part of the neck white, the upper part or but of the 
  wing is a sky blue, underneath which a narrow stripe of white succeeds 
  marking the wing transversly, the large feathers are of a dark colour. 
  tail short and pointed and consists of 12 dark brown feathers. the back is 
  black and sides white; legs yellow and feet formed like the Duckinmallard 
  which it also resembles in size and form. the eye is moderately large, 
  puple black and iris of an orrange colour. the colours and appearance of 
  the female is precisely that of the duckinmallard only, reather smaller. 
  we are informed that the natives in this quarter were much distressed for 
  food in the course of the last winter; they were compelled to collect the 
  moss which grows on the pine which they boiled and eat; near this camp I 
  observed many pine trees which appear to have been cut down about that 
  season which they inform us was done in order to collect the seed of the 
  longleafed pine which in those moments of distress also furnishes an 
  article of food; the seed of this speceis of pine is about the size and 
  much the shape of the seed of the large sunflower; they are nutricious and 
  not unpleasent when roasted or boiled, during this month the natives also 
  peal this pine and eat the succulent or inner bark. in the creek near our 
  encampment I observed a falling trap constructed on the same plan with 
  those frequent seen in the atlantic states for catching the fish decending 
  the stream Capt# C# took several small trout from this trap. 
  Neesh~ne~park~kee~ook and several other indians joined us this morning. we 
  gave this cheif and the indians with us some venison, horsebeef, the 
  entrels of the four deer, and four fawns which were taken from two of the 
  does that were killed, they eat none of their food raw, tho the entrals 
  had but little preperation and the fawns were boiled and consumed hair 
  hide and entrals. these people sometimes eat the flesh of the horse tho 
  they will in most instances suffer extreem hunger before they will kill 
  their horses for that purpose, this seems reather to proceede from an 
  attatchment to this animal, than a dislike to it's flesh for I observe 
  many of them eat very heartily of the horsebeef which we give them. The 
  Shoshone man was displeased because we did not give him as much venison as 
  he could eat and in consequence refused to interpret, we took no further 
  notice of him and in the course of a few hours he became very officious 
  and seemed anxious to reinstate himself in our good opinons. the relation 
  of the twisted hair and Neeshneparkkeook gave us a sketch of the 
  principall watercourses West of the Rocky Mountains a copy of which I 
  preserved; they make the main Southwardly branch of Lewis's river much 
  more extensive than the other, and place many villages of the Shoshonees 
  on it's western side. at half after 3 P#M# we departed; for the lodge of 
  the Twisted hair accompanyed by the Cheif and sundry other indians. the 
  relation of the twisted hair left us. the road led us up a steep and high 
  hill to a high and level plain mostly untimbered, through which we passed 
  parrallel with the river about 4 miles when we met the Twisted hair and a 
  party of six men. to this Cheif we had confided the care of our horses and 
  a part of our saddles when we decended the river last fall. the Twisted 
  hair received us very coolly an occurrence as unexpected as it was 
  unaccountable to us. he shortly began to speak with a loud voice and in a 
  angry manner, when he had ceased to speak he was answered by the Cutnose 
  Cheif or Neeshneparkkeook; we readily discovered that a violet quarrel had 
  taken place between these Cheifs but at that instant knew not the cause; 
  we afterwards learnt that it was on the subject of our horses. this 
  contreversy between the cheifs detained us about 20 minutes; in order to 
  put an end to this dispute as well as to releive our horses from the 
  embarasment of their loads, we informed the Cheifs that we should continue 
  our march to the first water and encamp accordingly we moved on and the 
  Indians all followed. about two miles on the road we arrived at a little 
  branch which run to the wright. here we encamped for the evening having 
  traveled 6 miles today. the two cheifs with their little bands formed 
  seperate camps at a short distance from ours, they all appeared to be in 
  an ill humour. we had been informed some days since that the natives had 
  discovered the deposit of our saddles and taken them away and that our 
  horses were much scattered. we were very anxious to learn the particulars 
  or truth of these reports from the twisted hair, as it must in some 
  measure govern us in the establishment of our perminent camp which in 
  consequence of our detention by the snow of the mountains has become 
  necessary. to obtain our horses and saddles as quickly as possible is our 
  wish, and we are somewhat apprehensive that this difference which has 
  taken place between these Chiefs may millitate against our operations in 
  this rispect. we were therefore desireous to bring about a good 
  understanding between them as soon as possible. The Shoshone boy refused 
  to speak, he aledged it was a quarrel between two Cheifs and that he had 
  no business with it; it was in vain that we urged that his interpreting 
  what we said on this subject was not taking the responsibil ity of the 
  inteference on himself, he remained obstenately silent. about an hour 
  after we had encamped Drewyer returned from hunting we sent him to the 
  Twisted hair to make some enquiries relative to our horses and saddles and 
  to ask him to come and smoke with us. The Twisted hair accepted the 
  invitation and came to our fire. The twisted hair informed us that 
  accordingly to the promis he had made us when he seperated from us at the 
  falls of the Columbia he collected our horses on his return and took 
  charge of them, that about this time the Cutnose or Neeshneparkkeook and 
  Tun~nach'~emoo~tools or the broken arm returned from a war excurtion 
  against the Shoshonees on the South branch of Lewis's river which had 
  caused their absence when we were in this neighbourhood. that these men 
  became dissatisfyed with him in consequence of our having confided the 
  horses to his care and that they were eternally quarreling with him 
  insomuch that he thought it best as he was an old man to relinquish any 
  further attention to the horses, that they had consequently become 
  scattered; that most of the horses were near this place, a part were in 
  the forks between the Chopunnish and Kooskooske rivers and three or four 
  others were at the lodge of the broken Arm about half a days march higher 
  up the river. he informed us with rispect to our saddles that on the rise 
  of the water this spring the earth had fallen from the door of the cash 
  and exposed the saddles, he being informed of their situation had taken 
  them up and placed them in another cash where they were at this time; he 
  said it was probable that a part of them had fallen into the water but of 
  this he was not certain. The Twisted hair said if we would spend the day 
  tomorrow at his lodge which was a few miles only from hence and on the 
  road leading to the Broken arm's lodge, he would collect such of our 
  horses as were near this place and our saddles, that he would also send 
  some young men over the Kooskooske to collect those in the forks and bring 
  them to the lodge of the broken Arm to met us. he advised us to go to the 
  lodge of the broken Arm as he said he was a Cheif of great emenence among 
  them, and promised to accompany us thither if we wished him. we told him 
  that we should take his advice in every particular, that we had confided 
  the horses to his care and expected that he would collect them and deliver 
  them to us which when he performed we should pay him the two guns and 
  amunition we had promised him for that service. he seemed much pleased and 
  promised his utmost exertions. we sent Drewyer to the Cutnose who also 
  came to our fire and smoked with ourselves and the Twisted hair we took 
  occasion in the course of the evening to express our regret that there 
  should be a misunderstanding between these Cheifs; the Cutnose told us in 
  the presents of the Twisted hair that he the twisted hair was a bad old 
  man that he woar two faces, that in stead of taking care of our horses as 
  he had promised us that he had suffered his young men to ride them hunting 
  and had injured them very much; that this was the cause why himself and 
  the Broken arm had forbid his using them. the other made no reply. we 
  informed the Cutnose of our intention of spending tomorrow at the Twisted 
  hair's lodge in order to collect our horses and saddles and that we should 
  proceede the next day to the Broken Arm's lodge, he appeared well 
  satisfyed with this arrangement and said he would continue with us, and 
  would give us any assistance in his power; he said he knew the broken arm 
  expected us at his lodge and that he had two bad horses for us, 
  metaphorically speaking a present of two good horses. he said the broken 
  arm had learnt our want of provision and had sent four of his young men 
  with a supply to meet us but that they had taken a different road and had 
  missed us. about 10 P#M# our guests left us and we layed down to 
  rest. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1378-1806-05-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 8th of May 1806. This morning our hunters was out by the time it 
  was light. about 8 oClock Shields brought in a Small deer, on which we 
  brackfast by 11 A#M# all our hunters returned Drewyer & P# Crusat 
  brought in a Deer each & Collins wounded one which our Dog Caught near 
  our Camp. Total of our Stock of provisions 4 deer & Some horse flesh. 
  on the Small Creek which passes our Camp, the nativs have laterly encamped 
  and as we are informed have been much distressed for provisions, they have 
  fallen a number of Small pine in the vicinity of this Encampment for the 
  Seed which is in the bur of which they eate. we are informed that they 
  were Compelled to Collect the moss off the pine boil & eate it in the 
  latter part of the last Winter. on the Creek near our Camp I observed a 
  kind of trap which was made with great panes to catch the Small fish which 
  pass down with the Stream This was a dam formed of Stone So as to Collect 
  the water in a narrow part not exceeding 3 feet wide from which place the 
  water Shot with great force and Scattered through Some Small willows 
  Closely connected and fastened with bark. this mat of willow Switches was 
  about 4 feet wide and 6 long lying in a horozontal position, fastened at 
  the extremety. the Small fish which fell on those willows was washed on 
  the Willows where they untill taken off &c# I cought or took off those 
  willows 9 Small trout from 3 to 7 Inches in length. Soon after I returned 
  from the fishery an Indian came from a fishery of a Similar kind a little 
  above with 12 Small fish which he offered me which I declined axcepting as 
  I found from his Signs that his house was a Short distance above, and that 
  those fisheries afforded the principal part of the food for his Children. 
  The Great Chief of the Bands below who has a cut nose joined us this 
  morning. we gave the interals with 4 young fauns which was in two of the 
  deer killed to day to the Indians also some of our deer & horse flesh. 
  the Paunch of the deer they eate without any preperation further than 
  washing them a little. the fauns they boiled and eate every part of them 
  even the Skins with the hair. The Snake Indian was much displeased that he 
  was not furnished with as much Deer as he could eate. he refused to Speake 
  to the wife of Shabono, through whome we Could understand the nativs. we 
  did not indulge him and in the after part of the day he Came too and Spoke 
  verry well. one of the Indians drew me a Sketch of the river (See the 
  latter part of this book) in this Sketch he makes the 1st large Southerly 
  fork of Lewis's river much the longest and on which great numbers of the 
  Snake Indians reside &c# at  ¿¿  P#M# we loaded up and Set on on the 
  roade leading as we were informed to the lodge of the twisted hair, the 
  Chief in whoes Care we had left our horses. we were accompanied by the Cut 
  nose Chief our old Chief who had accompanied us down the river and Several 
  men. we assended the hills which was Steep and emencely high to a leavel 
  rich Country thinly timbered with pine. we had not proceeded more than 4 
  miles before we met the twisted hair and Several men meeting of us. we 
  were verry coolly recved by the twisted hair. he Spoke aloud and was 
  answered by the Cut Nose. we Could not learn what they Said. but plainly 
  discovered that a missunderstanding had taken place between them. we made 
  Signs to them that we Should proceed on to the next water and encamp. 
  accordingly I set out and they all followed. we had not proceeded far 
  before the road Crossed a Small handsom Stream on which we encamped. The 
  parties of those two Chiefs took different positions at Some distance from 
  each other and all appeared Sulkey. after we had formed our Camp we Sent 
  Drewyer with a pipe to Smoke with the twisted hair and lern the Cause of 
  the dispute between him and the Cut nose, and also to invite him to our 
  fire to Smoke with us. The twisted hair came to our fire to Smoke we then 
  Sent drewyer to the Cut Noses fire with the Same directions. he returned 
  and informed us that the Cut nose Said he would join us in a fiew minits. 
  it appears that the Cause of the quarrel between those two men is about 
  our horses. and we cannot lern the particulars of this quarrel which 
  probably originated through jelousy on the part of the Cut nose who blames 
  the twisted hair for Suffer our horses to be rode, and want water dureing 
  the Winter &c# twisted hair Says the horses were taken from him &c# 
  The Cut nose joined us in a Short time We Smoked with all the party of 
  both Chiefs, and told them that we were Sorry to find them at varience 
  with each other the cut nose said that the twisted hair was a bad man and 
  wore two fases, that he had not taken care of our horses as was expected. 
  that himself an the broken arm had Caused our horses to be Watered in the 
  winter and had them drove together, and that if we would proceed on to the 
  village of the great Chief whome we had left a flag last fall the broken 
  arm he would Send for our horses, that he had himself three of them. he 
  also informed us that the great Chief hering of our distressed Situation 
  had Sent his Son and 4 men to meet us and have us furnished on the way 
  &c# that the young men had missed us and Could never over take us 
  untill this time. that the great chief had 2 bad horses for us and 
  expected us to go to his lodge which was near the river and about half a 
  days march above &c# The twisted hair told us that he wished to Smoke 
  with us at his lodge which was on the road leading to the Great Chiefs 
  lodge, and but a fiew miles a head. if we would delay at his lodge 
  tomorrow he would go after our Saddles and horses which was near the place 
  we made our Canoes last fall. we deturmined to Set out early in the 
  morning and proceed on to the lodge of the twisted hair and Send for our 
  Saddles and powder which we had left burried mear the forks. and the day 
  after tomorrow to proceed on to the lodge of the Grand Chief. accordingly 
  we informed the Indians of our intentions. we all Smoked and conversed 
  untill about 10 P M# the Indians retired and we lay down. Derected 5 
  hunters to turn out early in the morning to hunt and meet us at the 
  twisted hair's lodge. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1379-1806-05-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 9th 1806. We sent out several hunters early this morning with 
  instructions to meet us at the lodge of the Twisted hair. Collecting our 
  horses detained us untill 9 A#M# when we charged our packhorses and set 
  out. our rout lay through a level rich country similar to that of 
  yesterday; at the distance of 6 miles we arrived at the lodge of the 
  twisted hair; this habitation was built in the usual form with sticks mats 
  and dryed hay, and contained 2 firs and about 12 persons. even at this 
  small habitation there was an appendage of the soletary lodge, the retreat 
  of the tawny damsels when nature causes them to be driven into coventry; 
  here we halted as had been previously concerted, and one man with 2 horses 
  accompayed the twisted hair to the canoe camp, about 4 ms# in quest of the 
  saddles. the Twisted hair sent two young men in surch of our horses 
  agreeably to his promis. The country along the rocky mountains for several 
  hundred miles in length and about 50 in width is level extreemly fertile 
  and in many parts covered with a tall and open growth of the longleafed 
  pine. near the watercouses the hills are steep and lofty tho are covered 
  with a good soil not remarkably stony and possess more timber than the 
  level country. the bottom lands on the watercourses are reather narrow and 
  confined tho fertile & seldom inundated. this country would form an 
  extensive settlement; the climate appears quite as mild as that of similar 
  latitude on the Atlantic coast if not more so and it cannot be otherwise 
  than healthy; it possesses a fine dry pure air. the grass and many plants 
  are now upwards of knee high. I have no doubt but this tract of country if 
  cultivated would produce in great abundance every article essentially 
  necessary to the comfort and subsistence of civillized man. to it's 
  present inhabitants nature seems to have dealt with a liberal hand, for 
  she has distributed a great variety of esculent plants over the face of 
  the country which furnish them a plentiful) store of provision; these are 
  acquired with but little toil, and when prepared after the method of the 
  natives afford not only a nutricious but an agreeable food. among other 
  roots those called by them the Quawmash and Cows are esteemed the most 
  agreeable and valuable as they are also the most abundant. the cows is a 
  knobbed root of an irregularly rounded form not unlike the Gensang in form 
  and consistence. this root they collect, rub of a thin black rhind which 
  covers it and pounding it expose it in cakes to the sun. these cakes ate 
  about an inch and 1/4 thick and 6 by 18 in width, when dryed they either 
  eat this bread alone without any further preperation, or boil it and make 
  a thick muselage; the latter is most common and much the most agreeable. 
  the flavor of this root is not very unlike the gensang. this root 
  they collect as early as the snows disappear in the spring and continue to 
  collect it until) the quawmash supplys it's place which happens about the 
  latter end of June. the quawmash is also collected for a few weaks after 
  it first makes it's appearance in the spring, but when the scape appears 
  it is no longer fit for use untill the seed are ripe which happens about 
  the time just mentioned, and then the cows declines. the latter is also 
  frequently dryed in the sun and pounded afterwards and then used in making 
  soope. I observed a few trees of the larch and a few small bushes of 
  the balsam fir near the lodge of the Twisted hair. at 2 P#M# our hunters 
  joined us Drewyer killed a deer but lost it in the river. a few pheasants 
  was the produce of the hunt. we procured a few roots of cows of which we 
  made scope. late in the evening The Twisted hair and Willard returned; 
  they brought about half of our saddles, and some powder and lead which had 
  been buried at that place. my saddle was among the number of those which 
  were lost. about the same time the young men arrived with 21 of our 
  horses. the greater part of our horses were in fine order. five of them 
  appeared to have been so much injured by the indians riding them last fall 
  that they had not yet recovered and were in low order. three others had 
  soar backs. we had these horses caught and hubbled. the situation of our 
  camp was a disagreeable one in an open plain; the wind blew violently and 
  was cold. at seven P#M# it began to rain and hail, at 9 it was succeeded 
  by a heavy shower of snow which continued untill the next morning. several 
  indians joined us this evening from the village of the broken arm or 
  Tunnachemootoolt and continued all night. The man who had imposed himself 
  on us as a relation of the twisted hair rejoined us this evening we found 
  him an impertinent proud supercilious fellow and of no kind of 
  rispectability in the nation, we therefore did not indulge his advances 
  towards a very intimate connection. The Cutnose lodged with the twisted 
  hair I beleive they have become good friends again. several indians slept 
  about us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1380-1806-05-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 9th May 1806 The hunters Set out very early agreeable to their 
  derections. we were detained untill 9 A#M# for our horses which were much 
  Scattered at which time we Collected our horses and Set out and proceeded 
  on through a butifull open rich Country for 6 miles to the Camp of the 
  twisted hair. this Campment is formed of two Lodges built in the usial 
  form of mats and Straw. the largest and principal Lodge is Calculated for 
  2 fires only and Contains about  ¿¿  persons. the Second lodge is Small 
  & appears to be intended for the Sick women who always retire to a 
  Seperate lodge when they have the  ¿¿  this Custom is Common to all the 
  nations on this river as well as among all other Indian nations with whom 
  I am acquainted. at the distance of 2 miles we passd# a lodge of 2 fires 
  on a fork of the road which leads to the right Situated on a Small branch 
  which falls into Musquetor Creek. before 2 P M all our hunters joined us 
  haveing killed only one deer which was lost in the river and a pheasent. 
  Soon after we halted at the lodge of the twisted hair he Set out with two 
  boys and Willard with a pack horse down to the river near the place we 
  made the Canoes for our Saddles and a Cannister of powder and Some lead 
  buried there, also a part of our horses which resorted near that place. 
  late in the evening they returned with 21 of our horse and about half of 
  our Saddles with the powder and ball. The greater part of the horses were 
  in fine order, tho five of them had been rode & worsted in Such a 
  manner last fall by the Inds# that they had not recovered and are in very 
  low order, and 3 with Sore backs. we had all the recovered horses Cought 
  & hobbled. we precured Some pounded roots of which a Supe was made 
  thick on which we Suped. the wind blew hard from the S# W# accompanied 
  with rain untill from 7 oClock untill 9 P#M# when it began to Snow and 
  Continued all night. Several Indians Came from the village of the Chief 
  with whome we had left a flag and Continued with us all night. they slept 
  in the house of the twisted hair and two of them along Side of us. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1381-1806-05-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 10th 1806. This morning the snow continued falling 1/2 after 
  6 A#M# when it ceased, the air keen and cold, the snow 8 inches deep on 
  the plain; we collected our horses and after taking a scant breakfast of 
  roots we set out for the village of Tunnachemootoolt; our rout lay through 
  an open plain course S# 35 E# and distance 16 ms# the road was slippery 
  and the snow clogged to the horses feet, and caused them to trip 
  frequently. the mud at the sources of the little ravines was deep black 
  and well supplyed with quawmash. Drewyer turned off to the left of the 
  road in order to hunt and did not join us this evening. at 4 in the 
  afternoon we decended the hills to Commearp Creek and arrived at the 
  Village of Tunnachemootoolt, the cheeif at whos lodge we had left a flag 
  last fall. this flag was now displayed on a staff placed at no great 
  distance from the lodge. underneath the flag the Cheif met my friend Capt# 
  C# who was in front and conducted him about 80 yds# to a place on the bank 
  of the creek where he requested we should encamp; I came up in a few 
  minutes and we collected the Cheifs and men of consideration smoked with 
  them and stated our situation with rispect to provision. the Cheif spoke 
  to his people and they produced us about 2 bushels of the Quawmas roots 
  dryed, four cakes of the bread of cows and a dryed salmon trout. We 
  thanked them for this store of provision but informed them that our men 
  not being accustomed to live on roots alone we feared it would make them 
  sick, to obviate which we proposed exchangeing a good horse in reather low 
  order for a young horse in tolerable order with a view to kill. the 
  hospitality of the cheif revolted at the aydea of an exchange, he told us 
  that his young men had a great abundance of young horses and if we wished 
  to eat them we should by furnished with as many as we wanted. accordingly 
  they soon produced us two fat young horses one of which we killed, the 
  other we informed them we would pospone killing untill we had consumed the 
  one already killed. This is a much greater act of hospitality than we have 
  witnessed from any nation or tribe since we have passed the Rocky 
  mountains. in short be it spoken to their immortal honor it is the only 
  act which deserves the appellation of hospitallity which we have witnessed 
  in this quarter. we informed these people that we were hungry and 
  fatiegued at this moment, that when we had eaten and refreshed ourselves 
  we would inform them who we were, from whence we had come and the objects 
  of our resurches. a principal Cheif by name Ho~hast,~ill~pilp arrived with 
  a party of fifty men mounted on eligant horses. he had come on a visit to 
  us from his village which is situated about six miles distant near the 
  river. we invited this man into our circle and smoked with him, his 
  retinue continued on horseback at a little distance. after we had eaten a 
  few roots we spoke to them as we had promised; and gave Tinnachemootoolt 
  and Hohastillpilp each a medal; the former one of the small size with the 
  likeness of Mr# Jefferson and the latter one of the sewing medals struck 
  in the presidency of Washington, we explained to them the desighn and the 
  importance of medals in the estimation of the whites as well as the red 
  men who had been taught their value. The Cheif had a large conic lodge of 
  leather erected for our reception and a parsel of wood collected and laid 
  at the door after which he invited Capt# C# and myself to make that lodge 
  our home while we remained with him. we had a fire lighted in this lodge 
  and retired to it accompanyed by the Cheifs and as many of the considerate 
  men as could croud in a circcle within it. here after we had taken a 
  repast on some horsebeef we resumed our council with the indians which 
  together with smoking the pipe occupyed the ballance of the evening. I was 
  surprised to find on decending the hills of Commearp Cr. to find that 
  there had been no snow in the bottoms of that stream. it seems that the 
  snow melted in falling and decended here in rain while it snowed on the 
  plains. the hills are about six hundred feet high about one fourth of 
  which distance the snow had decended and still lay on the sides of the 
  hills. as these people had been liberal with is with rispect to provision 
  I directed the men not to croud their lodge surch of food in the manner 
  hunger has compelled them to do at most lodges we have passed, and which 
  the Twisted hair had informed me was disgreeable to the natives. but their 
  previous want of hospitality had induced us to consult their enclinations 
  but little and suffer our men to obtain provision from them on the best 
  terms they could. The village of the broken arm as I have heretofore 
  termed it consists of one house only which is 150 feet in length built in 
  the usual form of sticks matts and dry grass. it contains twenty four 
  fires and about double that number of families. from appearances I presume 
  they could raise 100 fighting men. the noise of their women pounding roots 
  reminds me of a nail factory. The indians seem well pleased, and I am 
  confident that they are not more so than our men who have their somachs 
  once more well filled with horsebeef and mush of the bread of cows. the 
  house of coventry is also seen here. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1382-1806-05-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 10th of May 1806 This morning the Snow continued falling untill 
  1/2 past 6 A M when it Seased. the air keen and Cold the Snow 8 inches 
  deep on the plain. we Collected our horses and after takeing a Scanty 
  brackfast of roots, we Set out for the Village of the Chief with a flag, 
  and proceeded on through an open plain. the road was Slipry and the Snow 
  Cloged and caused the horses to trip very frequently. the mud at heads of 
  the Streams which we passed was deep and well Supplied with the Car mash. 
  Drewyer turned off the road to hunt near the river to our lef and did not 
  join us to day. at 4 P M we arrived at the Village of Tin nach~e~moo~toolt 
  the Chief whome We had left a flag. this flag was hoisted on a pole unde 
  the flag the Chief met me and Conducted me to a Spot near a Small run 
  about 80 paces from his Lodges where he requested me to halt which I did. 
  Soon after Cap Lewis who was in the rear Came up and we Smoked with and 
  told this Chief our Situation in respect to provisions. they brought 
  foward about 2 bushels of quawmash 4 Cakes of bread made of roots and a 
  dried fish. we informed the Chief that our Party was not accustomed to 
  eate roots without flesh & proposed to exchange Some of our oald 
  horses for young ones to eate. they Said that they would not exchange 
  horses, but would furnish us with Such as we wished, and produced 2 one of 
  which we killed and informd. them that we did not wish to kill the other 
  at this time. we gave Medals to the broken arm or Tin~nach~e~moo tolt and 
  Hoh~halt~ill~pitp two principal Chiefs of the Chopunnish Natn. and was 
  informed that there was one other Great Chief (in all 4) who had but one 
  eye. he would be here tomorrow. a large Lodge of Leather was pitched and 
  Capt# Lewis and my Self was envited into it. we entered and the Chief and 
  principal men came into the lodge and formed a Circle a parcel of wood was 
  Collected and laid at the dore and a fire made in this Conic lodge before 
  we entered it. the Chief requested that we might make the Lodge our homes 
  while we remained with him. here after we had taken a repast on roots 
  & horse beef we resumed our Council with the indians which together 
  with Smokeing took up the ballance of the evening. I was Supprised to find 
  decending the hill to Commearp Creek to find that there had been no snow 
  in the bottoms of that Stream. it seams that the Snow melted in falling 
  and decended here in rain while it snowed in the plain. the hills are 
  about Eight hundred feet high about 1/4 of which distance the Snow had 
  decended and Still lay on the Sides of the hill. as those people had been 
  liberal I directed the men not to croud their Lodge in serch of food the 
  manner hunger has Compelled them to do, at most lodges we have passed, and 
  which the Twisted Hair had informed us was disagreeable to the nativs. but 
  their previous want of hospitality had enduced us to consult their 
  enclinations but little and Suffer our men to obtain provisions from them 
  on the best terms they could. 
  = 
  The Village of the broken Arm consists of one house or Lodge only which is 
  150 feet in length built in the usial form of Sticks, Mats and dry grass. 
  it contains 24 fires and about double that number of families. from 
  appearance I prosume they could raise 100 fighting men. the noise of their 
  women pounding the cows roots remind me of a nail factory. The Indians 
  appear well pleased, and I am Confident that they are not more so than our 
  men who have their Stomach once more well filled with horse beef and the 
  bread of cows. Those people has Shewn much greater acts of hospitallity 
  than we have witnessed from any nation or tribe Since we have passed the 
  rocky Mountains. in Short be it Spoken to their immortal honor it is the 
  only act which diserves the appelation of hospitallity which we have 
  witnessed in this quarter. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1383-1806-05-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 11th 1806. The last evening we were much crouded with the 
  indians in our lodge, the whole floor of which was covered with their 
  sleeping carcases. we arrose early and took breakfast. at 8 A#M# a Cheif 
  of great note among these people arrived from his village or lodge on the 
  S# side of Lewis's River. this is a stout fellow of good countenance about 
  40 years of age and has lost the left eye. his name is Yoom~park'~kar~tim. 
  to this man we gave a medal of the smal kind. those with the likeness of 
  Mr# Jefferson have all been disposed of except one of the largest size 
  which we reserve for some great Cheif on the Yellow rock river. we now 
  pretty fully informed ourselves that Tunnachemootoolt, Neeshneparkkeeook, 
  Yoomparkkartim and Hohastillpilp were the principal Cheif of the 
  Chopunnish nation and ranked in the order here mentioned; as all those 
  cheifs were present in our lodge we thought it a favourable time to repeat 
  what had been said yesterday and to enter more minutely into the views of 
  our government with rispect to the inhabitants of this western part of the 
  continent, their intention of establishing trading houses for their 
  releif, their wish to restore peace and harmony among the natives, the 
  strength power and wealth of our nation &c# to this end we drew a map 
  of the country with a coal on a mat in their way and by the assistance of 
  the snake boy and our interpretters were enabled to make ourselves 
  understood by them altho it had to pass through the French, Minnetare, 
  Shoshone and Chopunnish languages. the interpretation being tedious it 
  ocupyed nearly half the day before we had communicated to them what we 
  wished. they appeared highly pleased. after this council was over we 
  amused ourselves with shewing them the power of magnetism, the spye glass, 
  compass, watch, air~gun and sundry other articles equally novel and 
  incomprehensible to them. they informed us that after we had left the 
  Minnetares last spring that three of their people had visited that nation 
  and that they had informed them of us and had told them that we had such 
  things in our possession but that they could not place confidence in the 
  information untill they had now witnessed it themselves. A young 
  man, son of a conspicuous Cheif among these people who was killed not long 
  since by the Minnetares of Fort de Prarie, brought and presented us a very 
  fine mare and colt. he said he had opened his ears to our councils and 
  would observe them strictly, and that our words had made his heart glad. 
  he requested that we would accept this mear and colt which he gave in 
  token of his determination to pursue our advise. about 3 P#M# 
  Drewyer arrived with 2 deer which he had killed. he informed us that the 
  snow still continued to cover the plain. many of the natives apply to us 
  for medical aid which we gave them cheerfully so far as our skill and 
  store of medicine would enable us. schrofela, ulsers, rheumatism, soar 
  eyes, and the loss of the uce of their limbs are the most common cases 
  among them. the latter case is not very common but we have seen thee 
  instances of it among the Chopunnish. it is a very extraordinary 
  complaint. a Cheif of considerable note at this place has been afflicted 
  with it for three years, he is incapable of moving a single limb but lies 
  like a corps in whatever position he is placed, yet he eats heartily, 
  digests his food perfectly, injoys his understanding, his pulse are good, 
  and has retained his flesh almost perfectly, in short were it not that he 
  appears a little pale from having lain so long in the shade he might well 
  be taken for a man in good health. I suspect that their confinement to a 
  diet of roots may give rise to all those disorders except the rheumatism 
  & soar eyes, and to the latter of these, the state of debility 
  incident to a vegetable diet may measureably contribute. The 
  Chopunnish notwithstanding they live in the crouded manner before 
  mentioned are much more clenly in their persons and habitations than any 
  nation we have seen since we left the Ottoes on the river Platte. The 
  Twisted hair brought us six of our horses. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1384-1806-05-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 11th May 1806 Some little rain last night. we were Crouded in the 
  Lodge with Indians who continued all night and this morning Great numbers 
  were around us. The One Eyed Chief Yoom~park~kar~tim arived and we gave 
  him a medal of the Small Size and Spoke to the Indians through a Snake boy 
  Shabono and his wife. we informed them who we were, where we Came from 
  & our intentions towards them, which pleased them very much. a young 
  man Son to the great Chief who was killed not long Sence by the Indians 
  from the N# E# brought an elegant mare and Coalt and Gave us. and Said he 
  had opend. his ears to what we had Said and his heart was glad and 
  requested us to take this mare and Coalt as a token of his deturmination 
  to pursue our Councels &c# The twisted hair brough Six of our horses 
  all in fine order. Great numbers of Indians apply to us for medical aide 
  which we gave them Cherfully So far as our Skill and Store of Medicine 
  would enable us. Schrofla, ulsers, rhumitism, Sore eyes, and the loss of 
  the use of their Limbs are the most common cases among them. the latter 
  Case is not very common but We have Seen 3 instances of it among the 
  Chopunnish. a very extroadinery complnt. about 3 P#M# Geo. drewyer arived 
  with 2 deer which he had killed. he informed us that the Snow Still 
  Continued to cover the plains. We are now pretty well informed that 
  Tunnachemootoolt, Hohastillpilp, Neshneparkkeeook, and Yoomparkkartim were 
  the principal Chiefs of the Chopunnish Nation and ranked in the order here 
  mentioned; as all those chiefs were present in our lodge we thought it a 
  favourable time to repeet what had been said and to enter more minutely 
  into the views of our government with respect to the inhabitents of this 
  Western part of the Continent, their intention of establishing tradeing 
  houses for their relief, their wish to restore peace and harmony among the 
  nativs, the Strength welth and powers of our Nation &c# to this end we 
  drew a map of the Country with a coal on a mat in their way, and by the 
  assistance of the Snake boy and our intrepeters were enabled to make 
  ourselves under stood by them altho it had to pass through French, 
  Minnetare, Shoshone and Chopunnish languages. the interpretation being 
  tegious it occupied the greater part of the day, before we had 
  communicated to them what we wished. they appeared highly pleased. after 
  this Council was over we amused ourselves with Shewing them the power of 
  Magnetism, the Spye glass, compass, watch, air gun and Sundery other 
  articles equally novel and incomprehensible to them. they informed us that 
  after we left the Menetares last Spring that 3 of their people had visited 
  that nation, and that they had informed them of us, and had told them that 
  we had Such things in our possession but that they Could not place 
  Confidence in the information untill they had now witnessed it themselves 
  = 
  In the evening a man was brought in a robe by four Indians and laid down 
  near me. they informed me that this man was a Chief of Considerable note 
  who has been in the Situation I see him for 5 years. this man is incapable 
  of moveing a single limb but lies like a corps in whatever position he is 
  placed, yet he eats hartily, dejests his food perfectly, enjoys his under 
  standing, his pulse are good, and has retained his flesh almost perfectly; 
  in Short were it not that he appears a little pale from having been So 
  long in the Shade, he might well be taken for a man in good health. I 
  Suspect that their Confinement to a deet of roots may give rise to all the 
  disordes of the Nativs of this quarter except the Rhumitism & Sore 
  eyes, and to the latter of those, the State of debility incident to a 
  vegitable diet may measureably contribute. . The Chopunnish not 
  withstanding they live in the Crouded manner before mentioned are much 
  more clenly in their persons and habitations than any nation we have Seen 
  Sence we left the Illinois. These nativs take their fish in the following 
  manner to wit. a Stand Small Stage or warf consisting of Sticks and 
  projecting about 10 feet into the river and about 3 feet above the water 
  on the extremity of this the fisherman stands with his guilt or a Skooping 
  Net which differ but little in their form those Commonly used in our 
  Country it is formed thus with those nets they take the Suckers and also 
  the Salmon trout and I am told the Salmon also. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1385-1806-05-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 12th 1806. This morning a great number of indians collected 
  about us as usual. we took an early breakfast and Capt# C# began to 
  administer eyewater to a croud of at least 50 applicants. The Indians held 
  a council among themselves this morning with rispect to the subjects on 
  which we had spoken to them yesterday. the result as we learnt was 
  favourable. they placed confidence in the information they had received 
  and resolved to pusue our advise. after this council was over the 
  principal Cheif or the broken Arm, took the flour of the roots of cows and 
  thickened the scope in the kettles and baskets of all his people, this 
  being ended he made a harangue the purport of which was making known the 
  deliberations of their council and impressing the necessity of unanimity 
  among them and a strict attention to the resolutions which had been agreed 
  on in councill; he concluded by inviting all such men as had resolved to 
  abide by the decrees of the council to come and eat and requested such as 
  would not be so bound to shew themselves by not partaking of the feast. I 
  was told by one of our men who was present, that there was not a 
  dissenting voice on this great national question, but all swallowed their 
  objections if any they had, very cheerfully with their mush. during the 
  time of this loud and animated harangue of the Cheif the women cryed wrung 
  their hands, toar their hair and appeared to be in the utmost distress. 
  after this cerimony was over the Cheifs and considerate men came in a body 
  to where we were seated at a little distance from our tent, and two young 
  men at the instance of the nation, presented us each with a fine horse. we 
  caused the cheifs to be seated and gave them each a flag a pound of powder 
  and fifty balls. we also gave powder and ball to the two young men who had 
  presented the horses. Neeshneeparkkeeook gave Drewyer a good horse. The 
  band of Ten~nach~e~moo~toolt have six guns which they acquired from the 
  Minnetaries and appear anxious to obtain arms and amunition. after they 
  had received those presents the Cheifs requested we would retire to the 
  tent whither they accompanied us, they now informed us that they wished to 
  give an answer to what we had said to them the preceeding day, but also 
  informed us that there were many of their people waiting in great pain at 
  that moment for the aid of our medecine. it was agreed between Capt# C# 
  and myself that he should attend the sick as he was their favorite 
  phisician while I would here and answer the Cheifs. The father of 
  Hohastillpilp was the orrator on this occasion. he observed that they had 
  listened with attention to our advise and that the whole nation were 
  resolved to follow it, that they had only one heart and one tongue on this 
  subject. he said they were fully sensible of the advantages of peace and 
  that the ardent desire which they had to cultivate peace with their 
  neighbours had induced his nation early last summer to send a pipe by 3 of 
  their brave men to the Shoshonees on the S# side of Lewis's river in the 
  Plains of Columbia, that these people had murdered these men, which had 
  given rise to the war expedition against that nation last fall; that their 
  warriors had fallen in with the shoshonees at that time and had killed 42 
  of them with the loss of 3 only on their part; that this had satisfyed the 
  blood of their disceased friends and that they would never again make war 
  against the Shoshonees, but were willing to receive them as friends. that 
  they valued the lives of their young men too much to wish them to be 
  engaged in war. That as we had not yet seen the black foot Indians and the 
  Minnetares of Fort de Prarie they did not think it safe to venture over to 
  the Plains of the Missouri, where they would fondly go provided those 
  nations would not kill them. that when we had established our forts on the 
  Missouri as we had promised, they would come over and trade for arms 
  Amunition &c# and live about us. that it would give them much pleasure 
  to be at peace with these nations altho they had shed much of their blood. 
  he said that the whitemen might be assured of their warmest attatchment 
  and that they would alwas give them every assistance in their power; that 
  they were poor but their hearts were good. he said that some of their 
  young men would go over with us to the Missouri and bring them the news as 
  we wished, and that if we could make a peace between themselves and their 
  enimies on the other side of the mountain their nation would go over to 
  the Missouri in the latter end of the summer. on the subject of one of 
  their cheifs accompanying us to the Land of the whitemen they could not 
  yet determine, but that they would let us know before we left them. that 
  the snow was yet so deep in the mountain if we attempted to pass we would 
  certainly perish, and advised us to remain untill after the next full moon 
  when the said the snow would disappear and we could find grass for our 
  horses. when the oald man had concluded I again spoke to them at 
  some length with which they appeared highly gratifyed. after smoking the 
  pipe which was about 2 P#M# they gave us another fat horse to kill which 
  was thankfully received by the party. Capt C# now joined us having just 
  made an end of his medical distrabution. we gave a phiol of eyewater to 
  the Broken Arm, and requested that he would wash the eyes of such as might 
  apply for that purpose, and that when it was exhausted we would replenish 
  the phiol. he was much pleased with this present. we now gave the Twisted 
  hair one gun and a hundred balls and 2 lbs# of powder in part for his 
  attention to our horses and promised the other gun and a similar quantity 
  of powder and lead when we received the ballance of our horses. this gun 
  we had purchased of the indians below for 2 Elkskins. this evening three 
  other of our original stock of horses were produced, they were in fine 
  order as well as those received yesterday. we have now six horses out 
  only, as our old guide Toby and his son each took a horse of ours when 
  they returned last fall. these horses are said to be on the opposite side 
  of the river at no great distance from this place. we gave the young men 
  who had delivered us the two horses this morning some ribbon, blue wampum 
  and vermillion, one of them gave me a hansome pare of legings and the 
  Broken Arm gave Capt# C# his shirt, in return for which we gave him a 
  linin shirt. we informed the indians of our wish to pass the river 
  and form a camp at some proper place to fish, hunt, and graize our horses 
  untill the snows of the mountains would permit us to pass. they 
  recommended a position a few miles distant from hence on the opposite side 
  of the river, but informed us that there was no canoe at this place by 
  means of which we could pass our baggage over the river, but promised to 
  send a man early in the morning for one which they said would meet us at 
  the river by noon the next day. The indians formed themselves this evening 
  into two large parties and began to gamble for their beads and other 
  ornaments. the game at which they played was that of hiding a stick in 
  their hands which they frequently changed acompanying their opperations 
  with a song. this game seems common to all the nations in this country, 
  and dose not differ from that before discribed of the Shoshonees on the S# 
  E# branch of Lewis's river. we are anxious to procure some guides to 
  accompany us on the different routs we mean to take from Travellers rest; 
  for this purpose we have turned our attention to the Twisted hair who has 
  several sons grown who are well acquainted as well as himself with the 
  various roads in those mountains. we invited the old fellow to remove his 
  family and live near us while we remained; he appeared gratifyed with this 
  expression of our confidence and promissed to do so. shot at a mark 
  with the indians, struck the mark with 2 balls. distn. 220 yds# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1386-1806-05-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 12th May 1806 a fine Morning great number of Indians flock about us 
  as usial. after brackfast I began to administer eye water and in a fiew 
  minits had near 40 applicants with Sore eyes, and maney others with other 
  Complaints most Common Rhumatic disorders & weaknesses in the back and 
  loins perticularly the womin. the Indians had a grand Council this morning 
  after which we were presented each with a horse by two young men at the 
  instance of the nation. we caused the chiefs to be Seated and gave then 
  each a flag a pint of Powder and 50 balls to the two young men who had 
  presented the horses we also gave powder and ball. The broken arm or Tun 
  na the mootoolt pulled off his leather Shirt and gave me. I in return gave 
  him a Shirt. we retired into the Lodge and the natives Spoke to the 
  following purpote, i e they had listened to our advice and that the whole 
  nation were deturmined to follow it, that they had only one heart and one 
  tongue on this Subject. explained the Cause of the War with the Shoshones. 
  they wished to be at peace with all nations & Some of their Men would 
  accompany us to the Missouri &c# &c# as a great number of men 
  women & Children were wateing and requesting medical assistance maney 
  of them with the most Simple Complaints which Could be easily releived, 
  independent of maney with disorders intirely out of the power of Medison 
  all requesting Some thing, we agreed that I Should administer and Capt L ¬ to 
  here and answer the Indians. I was closely employed until 12 P#M# 
  administering eye water to about 40 grown persons. Some Simple Cooling 
  Medicenes to the disabled Chief, to Several women with rhumatic effections 
  & a man who had a Swelled hip &c# &c. in the evening three of 
  our horses were brought all in fine order. we have now only Six remaining 
  out. we gave to each a Chief a pint of Powder and 50 Balls a Small flag 
  and to the two young men who delivered us the horses we gave also powder 
  & Ball and Some blue wompom & ribin. all appeared much pleased. 
  Those people are much affraid of the black foot indians, and the Big 
  bellies of Fort deprarie establishment. those indians kill great numbers 
  of this nation whenever they pass over to hunt on the Missouri. one of our 
  men bought a horse for a fiew Small articles of an Indian. The Indians 
  brought up a fat horse and requested us to kill and eate it as they had 
  nothing else to offer us to eate. The Cut nose made a present of a horse 
  to Drewyer at the Same time the two horses were offered to Capt# Lewis 
  & my self. The horses of those people are large well formed and 
  active. Generally in fine order. Sore backs Caused by rideing them either 
  with out Saddles, or with pads which does not prevent the wate of the 
  rider pressing imedeately on the back bone, and weathers of the horse. the 
  Indians formed two partis and plaied for their heeds. we gave the twisted 
  hair a gun, powder & 100 ball in part for takeing care of our horses 
  &c# 
  = 
  and wish him to Camp near us untill we Crossed the Mountains which he 
  agreeed to do, and was much pleased we have turned our attentions towards 
  the twisted hair who has Several Sons grown who are well acquainted as 
  well as himself with the various roads through the rocky Mountains and 
  will answer very well as guides to us through those Mountains ¬ In the 
  Council to day the father of Hohastillpelp Said the Chopunnish were fully 
  Convinced of the advantages of peace and ardently wished to cultivate 
  peace with their neighbours. early last Summer 3 of their brave men were 
  Sent with a pipe to the Shoshones on the S E# fork of Lewis's river in the 
  Plains of Columbia, their pipe was disreguarded and their 3 men murdered, 
  which had given rise to the War expedition against that nation last fall; 
  that their warriers had fallen in with and killed 42 of the Shoshones with 
  the loss of 3 men only on their part; that this had Satisfied the blood of 
  the deceased friends and they would never again make war against the 
  Shoshones, but were willing to receve them as friends. That as we had not 
  Seen the Indians towards Fort de prere they did not think it Safe to 
  venture over to the Plains of the Missouri, where they would fondly go 
  provided those nations would not kill them. I gave a vial of eye water to 
  the Broken arm for to wash the eyes of all who applied to him and told him 
  when it was out we would replenish it again 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1387-1806-05-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 13th 1806. This morning Capt# C# as usual was busily engaged 
  with his patients untill eleven OCk# at 1 P#M# we collected our horses and 
  set out for the river escorted by a number of the natives on horseback. we 
  followed the creek downwards about two miles, passing a stout branch at 1 
  m# which flowed in on the wright. our course S# E# we now entered an 
  extensive open bottom of the Kooskooske R# through which we passed nearly 
  N# about 11/2 miles and halted on the bank of the river at the place 
  appointed to meet the canoe. the man had set out early this morning for 
  the purpose but had not yet arrived with the canoe we therefore unloaded 
  our horses and turned them out to graize. as the canoe did not arrive 
  untill after sunset we remained here all night; a number of the natives 
  continued with us. in the evening we tryed the speed of several of our 
  horses. these horses are active strong and well formed. these people have 
  immence numbers of them 50, 60 or a hundred hed is not unusual for an 
  individual to possess. The Chopunnish are in general stout well formed 
  active men. they have high noses and many of them on the acqueline order 
  with cheerfull and agreeable countenances; their complexions are not 
  remarkable. in common with other savage nations of America they extract 
  their beards but the men do not uniformly extract the hair below, this is 
  more particularly confined to the females. I observed several men among 
  them whom I am convinced if they had shaved their beards instead of 
  extracting it would have been as well supplyed in this particular as any 
  of my countrymen. they appear to be cheerfull but not gay; they are fond 
  of gambling and of their amusements which consist principally in shooting 
  their arrows at a bowling target made of willow bark, and in riding and 
  exercising themselves on horseback, racing &c# they are expert 
  marksmen and good riders. they do not appear to be so much devoted to 
  baubles as most of the nations we have met with, but seem anxious always 
  to obtain articles of utility, such as knives, axes, tommahawks, kettles 
  blankets and mockerson alls. blue beads however may form an exception to 
  this remark; this article among all the nations of this country may be 
  justly compared to goald or silver among civilized nations. They are 
  generally well cloathed in their stile. their dress consists of a long 
  shirt which reaches to the middle of thye, long legings which reach as 
  high as the waist, mockersons, and robes. these are formed of various 
  skins and are in all rispects like those particularly discribed of the 
  Shoshones. their women also dress like the Shoshones. their ornaments 
  consist of beads shells and peices of brass variously attatched to their 
  dress, to their ears arrond their necks wrists arms &c# a bando of 
  some kind usually surrounds the head, this is most frequently the skin of 
  some fir animal as the fox otter &c# tho they have them also of 
  dressed skin without the hair. the ornament of the nose is a single shell 
  of the wampum. the pirl and beads are suspended from the ears. beads are 
  woarn arround their wrists necks and over their sholders crosswise in the 
  form of a double sash. the hair of the men is cewed in two rolls which 
  hang on each side in front of the body as before discribed of other 
  inhabitants of the Columbia. collars of bears claws are also common; but 
  the article of dress on which they appear to bstow most pains and 
  ornaments is a kind of collar or brestplate; this is most commonly a strip 
  of otterskin of about six inches wide taken out of the center of the skin 
  it's whole length including the head. this is dressed with the hair on; a 
  hole is cut lengthwise through the skin near the head of the animal 
  sufficiently large to admit the head of the person to pass. thus it is 
  placed about the neck and hangs in front of the body the tail frequently 
  reaching below their knees; on this skin in front is attatched peices of 
  pirl, beads, wampum peices of red cloth and in short whatever they 
  conceive most valuable or ornamental. I observed a tippit woarn by 
  Hohastillpilp, which was formed of human scalps and ornamented with the 
  thumbs and fingers of several men which he had slain in battle. their 
  women brade their hair in two tresses which hang in the same position of 
  those of the men. they also wear a cap or cup on the head formed of 
  beargrass and cedar bark. the men also frequently attatch some small 
  ornament to a small plat of hair on the center of the crown of their 
  heads. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1388-1806-05-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 13th May 1806. a fine morning I administered to the Sick and gave 
  directions. we collected all our horses and Set out at 1 P#M# and 
  proceeded down the Creek to the Flat head River a Short distance below the 
  enterance of the Creek at the distance of 3 miles from the Village. at 
  this place we expected to have met the Canoe which was promised to be 
  furnished us, and for which an indian Set out very early this morning. we 
  halted at the Flat Head River unloaded our horses and turnd. them out to 
  feed. Several Indians accompanied us to the river and Continued untill 
  evening. The man who Set out early this morning to the forks of this river 
  for a Canoe and was to meet us at this place. as the Canoe did not arive 
  untill after Sun set we remained all night; in the evening we tried the 
  Speed of Several of our horses. these horses are strong active and well 
  formed. Those people have emence numbers of them 50 or 60 or a Hundred 
  head is not unusial for an individual to possess. 
  = 
  The Chopunnish are in general Stout well formd active men. they have high 
  noses and maney of them on the acqueline order with chearfull and 
  agreeable countinances; their complexions are not remarkable. in common 
  with other Indian Nations of America they extract their beard, but the men 
  do not uniformly extract the hair below, this is more particularly 
  confined to the females. they appear to be cheerfull but not gay; they are 
  fond of gambling and of their amusements which consists principally in 
  shooting their arrows at a targit made of Willow bark, and in rideing and 
  exersiseing themselves on horsback, raceing &c# they are expirt marks 
  men & good riders. they do not appear to be So much devoted to baubles 
  as most of the nations we have met with, but Seen anxious always to riceve 
  articles of utility, Such as knives, axes, Kittles, blankets & 
  Mockerson awls. blue beeds however may form an exception to this remark; 
  This article among all the nations of this Country may be justly compared 
  to gold and Silver among civilized nations. They are generally well 
  clothed in their Stile. their dress Consists of a long shirt which reaches 
  to the middle of leg, long legins which reach as high as the waist, 
  mockersons & robe. those are formed of various skins and are in all 
  respects like those of the Shoshone. Their orniments consists of beeds, 
  Shells and peices of brass variously attached to their dress, to their 
  ears arround theire necks wrists arms &c# a band of Some kind usially 
  Serounds the head, this is most frequently the Skin of Some fer animal as 
  the fox otter &c#; I observed a tippet worn by Hohastillpilp, which 
  was formed of Humane Scalps and ornemented with the thumbs and fingers of 
  Several men which he had Slain in battle. they also were a coller or 
  breast plate of otter Skin orniminted with Shells beeds & quills. the 
  women brade their hair in two tresses which hang in the same position of 
  those of the men, which ar Cewed and hang over each sholder. &c 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1389-1806-05-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 14th 1806. The morning was fair, we arrose early and 
  dispatched a few of our hunters to the opposite side of the river, and 
  employed a part of the men in transporting our baggage to the opposite 
  shore wile others were directed to collect the horses; at 10 A#M# we had 
  taken our baggage over and collected our horses, we then took breakfast, 
  after which we drove our horses into the river which they swam without 
  accedent and all arrived safe on the opposite shore. the river is 150 yds# 
  wide at this place and extreemly rapid. tho it may be safely navigated at 
  this season, as the water covers all the rocks which lie in it's bed to a 
  considerable debth. we followed our horses and again collected them, after 
  which we removed our baggage to a position which we had previously 
  selected for our permanent camp about half a mile below. this was a very 
  eligible spot for defence it had been an ancient habitation of the 
  indians; was sunk about 4 feet in the ground and raised arround it's outer 
  edge about three 1/2 feet with a good wall of eath. the whole was a circle 
  of about 30 feet in diameter. arround this we formed our tents of sticks 
  and grass facing outwards and deposited our baggage within the sunken 
  space under a shelter which we constructed for the purpose. our situation 
  was within 40 paces of the river in an extentsive level bottom thinly 
  timbered with the longleafed pine. here we are in the vicinity of the best 
  hunting grounds from indian information, are convenient to the salmon 
  which we expect daily and have an excellent pasture for our horses. the 
  hills to the E and North of us are high broken and but partially timbered; 
  the soil is rich and affords fine grass. in short as we are compelled to 
  reside a while in this neighbourhood I feel perfectly satisfyed with our 
  position.immediately after we had passed the river Tunnachemootoolt and 
  Hosastillpilp arrived on the south side with a party of a douzen of their 
  young men; they began to sing in token of friendship as is their custom, 
  and we sent the canoe over for them. they left their horses and came over 
  accompanyed by several of their party among whom were the 2 young men who 
  had presented us with two horses in behalf of the nation; one of these was 
  the son of Tunnachemootoolt and the other the son of the Cheif who was 
  killed by the Minnetares of Fort de Prarie last year and the same who had 
  given us the mare and Colt. we received them at our camp and smoked with 
  them; after some hours Hohastillpilp with much cerimony presented me with 
  a very eligant grey gelding which he had brought for that purpose. I gave 
  him in return a handkercheif 200 balls and 4 lbs# of powder. with which he 
  appeared perfectly satisfyed. Collins killed two bear this morning and was 
  sent with two others in quest of the meat; with which they returned in the 
  evening; the mail bear was large and fat the female was of moderate size 
  and reather meagre. we had the fat bear fleaced in order to reserve the 
  oil for the mountains. both these bear were of the speceis common to the 
  upper part of the missouri. they may be called white black grzly brown or 
  red bear for they are found of all those colours. perhaps it would not be 
  unappropriate to designate them the variagated bear. we gave the indians 
  who were about 15 in number half the female bear, with the sholder head 
  and neck of the other. this was a great treat to those poor wretches who 
  scarcely taist meat once a month. they immediately prepared a brisk fire 
  of dry wood on which they threw a parsel of smooth stones from the river, 
  when the fire had birnt down and heated the stones they placed them level 
  and laid on a parsel of pine boughs, on these they laid the flesh of the 
  bear in flitches, placing boughs between each course of meat and then 
  covering it thickly with pine boughs; after this they poared on a small 
  quantity of water and covered the whoe over with earth to the debth of 
  four inches. in this situation they suffered it to remain about 3 hours 
  when they took it out. I taisted of this meat and found it much more 
  tender than that which we had roasted or boiled, but the strong flavor of 
  the pine distroyed it for my pallate. Labuish returned late in the evening 
  and informed us that he had killed a female bear and two large cubbs, he 
  brought with him several large dark brown pheasants which he had also 
  killed. Shannon also returned with a few pheasants and two squirrells. we 
  have found our stone horses so troublesome that we indeavoured to exchange 
  them with the Chopunnish for mears or gelings but they will not exchange 
  altho we offer 2 for one; we came to a resolution to castrate them and 
  began the operation this evening one of the indians present offered his 
  services on this occasion. he cut them without tying the string of the 
  stone as is usual, and assures us that they will do much better in that 
  way; he takes care to scrape the string very clean and to seperate it from 
  all the adhereing veigns before he cuts it. we shall have an opportunity 
  of judging whether this is a method preferable to that commonly practiced 
  as Drewyer has gelded two in the usual way. The indians after their feast 
  took a pipe or two with us and retired to rest much pleased with their 
  repast. these bear are tremendious animals to them; they esteem the act of 
  killing a bear equally great with that of an enimy in the field of action. I 
  gave the claws of those which Collins killed to Hohastillpilp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1390-1806-05-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 14th of May 1806 a fine day. we had all our horses Collected by 
  10 a.m. dureing the time we had all our baggage Crossed over the Flat head 
  River which is rapid and about 150 yards wide. after the baggage was over 
  to the North Side we Crossed our horss without much trouble and hobbled 
  them in the bottom after which we moved a Short distance below to a 
  convenient Situation and formed a Camp around a very conveniant Spot for 
  defence where the Indiands had formerly a house under ground and hollow 
  circler Spot of about 30 feet diamieter 4 feet below the Serfce and a Bank 
  of 2 feet above this Situation we Concluded would be Seffiently convenient 
  to hunt the wood lands for bear & Deer and for the Salmon fish which 
  we were told would be here in a fiew days and also a good Situation for 
  our horses. the hills to the E# & N# of us are high broken & but 
  partially timbered; the soil rich and affords fine grass. in Short as we 
  are Compelled to reside a while in this neighbourhood I feel perfectly 
  Satisfied with our position. imediately after we had Crossed the river the 
  Chief Called the broken Arm or Tin nach~e~moo toll another principal Chief 
  Hoh~host'~ill~pitp arived on the opposite Side and began to Sing. we Sent 
  the Canoe over and those Chiefs, the Son of the broken arm and the Sone of 
  a Great Chief who was killed last year by the Big bellies of Sas kas she 
  win river. those two young men were the two whome gave Capt Lewis and my 
  self each a horse with great serimony in behalf of the nation a fiew days 
  ago, and the latter a most elligant mare & colt the morning after we 
  arived at the Village. Hohast ill pilt with much Serimoney presented Capt# 
  Lewis with an elegant Gray horse which he had brought for that purpose. 
  Capt Lewis gave him in return a Handkerchief two hundred balls and four 
  pouds of powder with which he appeared perfictly Satisfyed, and appeared 
  much pleased. 
  = 
  Soon after I had Crossed the river and during the time Cap Lewis was on 
  the opposit Side John Collins whome we had Sent out verry early this 
  morning with Labiech and Shannon on the North Side of the river to hunt, 
  Came in and informed me, that he had killed two Bear at about 5 miles 
  distant on the up lands. one of which was in good order. I imediately 
  depatched Jo# Fields & P# Wiser with him for the flesh. we made 
  Several attempts to exchange our Stalions for Geldings or mars without 
  success we even offered two for one. those horses are troublesom and Cut 
  each other very much and as we Can't exchange them we think it best to 
  Castrate them and began the opperation this evening one of the Indians 
  present offered his Services on this occasion. he Cut them without tying 
  the String of the Stone as is usial. he Craped it very Clean & 
  Seperate it before he Cut it. about Meredian Shannon Came in with two 
  Grows & 2 Squireles Common to this Country. his mockersons worn out 
  obliged to come in early. 
  = 
  Collins returned in the evening with the two bears which he had killed in 
  the morning one of them an old hee was in fine order, the other a female 
  with Cubs was Meagure. we gave the Indians about us 15 in number two 
  Sholders and a ham of the bear to eate which they cooked in the following 
  manner. to wit on a brisk fire of dryed wood they threw a parcel of Small 
  Stones from the river, when the fire had burnt down and heated the Stone, 
  they placed them level and laid on a parsel of pine boughs, on those they 
  laid the flesh of the bear in flitches, placeing boughs between each 
  course of meat and then Covering it thickly with pine boughs; after this 
  they poared on a Small quantity of water, and Covered the whole over with 
  earth to the debth of 4 inches. in this Situation they Suffered it to 
  remain about 3 hours when they took it out fit for use. at 6 oClock P M 
  Labiech returned and informed us that he had killed a female Bear and two 
  Cubs, at a long distance from Camp towards the mountains. he brought in 
  two large dark brown pheasents which he had also killed Shannon also 
  returned also with a few black Pheasents and two squirels which he had 
  killed in the wood land towards Collins Creek. This nation esteem the 
  Killing of one of those tremendeous animals (the Bear) equally great with 
  that of an enemy in the field of action. we gave the Claws of those bear 
  which Collins had killed to Hohastillpelp. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1391-1806-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 15th 1806. This morning early Reubin Fields in surching for 
  his horse saw a large bear at no great distance from camp; several men 
  went in pursuit of the bear, they followed his trail a considerable 
  distance but could not come up with him. Labuish and Shannon set out with 
  a view to establish a hunting camp and continuing several days, two others 
  accompanyed them in order to bring in the three bear which Labuish had 
  killed. Drewyer and Cruzatte were sent up the river; Sheilds R# Feilds and 
  Willard hunted in the hills near the camp they returned in the evening 
  with a few pheasants only and reported that there was much late appearance 
  of bear, but beleived that they had gone off to a greater distance. at 11 
  A#M# the men returned with the bear which Labuich had killed. These bear 
  gave me a stronger evidence of the various coloured bear of this country 
  being one speceis only, than any I have heretofore had. The female was 
  black with a considerable proportion of white hairs intermixed and a white 
  spot on the breast, one of the young bear was jut black and the other of a 
  light redish brown or bey colour. the poil of these bear were infinitely 
  longer finer and thicker than the black bear their tallons also longer and 
  more blont as if woarn by diging roots. the white and redish brown or bey 
  coloured bear I saw together on the Missouri; the bey and grizly have been 
  seen and killed together here for these were the colours of those which 
  Collins killed yesterday. in short it is not common to find two bear here 
  of this speceis precisely of the same colour, and if we were to attempt to 
  distinguish them by their collours and to denominate each colour a 
  distinct speceis we should soon find at least twenty. some bear nearly 
  white have also been seen by our hunters at this place. the most striking 
  differences between this speceis of bear and the common black bear are 
  that the former are larger, have longer tallons and tusks, prey more on 
  other animals, do not lie so long nor so closely in winter quarters, and 
  will not climb a tree tho eversoheardly pressed. the variagated bear I 
  beleive to be the same here with those on the missouri but these are not 
  as ferocious as those perhaps from the circumstance of their being 
  compelled from the scarcity of game in this quarter to live more on roots 
  and of course not so much in the habit of seizing and devouring living 
  animals. the bear here are far from being as passive as the common black 
  bear they have attacked and faught our hunters already but not so fiercely 
  as those of the Missouri. there are also some of the common black bear in 
  this neighbourhood. Frazier, J# Fields and Wiser complain of violent pains 
  in their heads, and Howard and York are afflicted with the cholic. I 
  attribute these complaints to their diet of roots which they have not been 
  accustomed. Tunnachemootoolt and 12 of his young men left us this morning 
  on their return to their village. Hohastillpilp and three old men remained 
  untill 5 in the evening when they also departed. at 1 P#M# a party of 14 
  natives on horseback passed our camp on a hunting excurtion; they were 
  armed with bows and arrows and had decoys for the deer these are the skins 
  of the heads and upper portions of the necks of the deer extended in their 
  natural shape by means of a fraim of little sticks placed within. the 
  hunter when he sees a deer conceals himself and with his hand gives to the 
  decoy the action of a deer at feed; and thus induces the deer within 
  arrowshot; in this mode the indians hunt on foot in the woodlands where 
  they cannot pursue the deer with horses which is their favorite method 
  when the ground will permit. we had all of our horses driven 
  together today near our camp, which we have directed shall be done each 
  day in order to familiarize them to each other. several of the horses 
  which were gelded yesterday are much swolen particularly those cut by 
  Drewyer, the others bled most but appear much better today than the 
  others. 
  = 
  we had our baggage better secured under a good shelter formed of grass; we 
  also strengthened our little fortification with pine poles and brush, and 
  the party formed themselves very comfortable tents with willow poles and 
  grass in the form of the orning of a waggon, these were made perfectly 
  secure as well from the heat of the sun as from rain. we had a bower 
  constructed for ourselves under which we set by day and sleep under the 
  part of an old sail now our only tent as the leather lodge has become 
  rotten and unfit for use. about noon the sun shines with intense heat in 
  the bottoms of the river. the air on the tom of the river hills or high 
  plain forms a distinct climate, the air is much colder, and vegitation is 
  not as forward by at least 15 or perhaps 20 days. the rains which fall in 
  the river bottoms are snows on the plain. at the distance of fifteen miles 
  from the river and on the Eastern border of this plain the Rocky Mountains 
  commence and present us with winter it it's utmost extreem. the snow is 
  yet many feet deep even near the base of these mountains; here we have 
  summer spring and winter within the short space of 15 or 20 miles. Hohastillpilp 
  and the three old men being unable to pass the river as the canoe had been 
  taken away, returned to our camp late in the evening and remained with us 
  all night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1392-1806-05-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 15th of May 1806 This morning Reubin Fields went out to hunt his 
  horse very early and Saw a large bear and no great distance from Camp. 
  Several men went in pursute of the bear, and prosued his trail Some time 
  without gitting Sight of this Monster. Shannon went out with Labeach to 
  hunt and continue out 3 days, Gibson and Hall accompanied them for the 
  meat Labeech killed yesterday which they brought in by 11 A M# this 
  Morning the female was black with white hares intermixed and a white Spot 
  on the breast the Cubs were about the Size of a dog also pore. one of them 
  very black and the other a light redish brown or bey colour. These bear 
  give me a Stronger evidence of the various Coloured bear of this Country 
  being one Specie only, than any I have heretofore had. Several other 
  Colours have been seen. Drewyer and Peter Crusat went up the river. John 
  Shields, R# Fields and Willard hunted in the hills near Camp and returned 
  before 2 P# M without killing any thing except a fiew Grows. they saw but 
  few deer. Some bear Sign. Frazur Jo# Fields and Peter Wizer Complain of a 
  violent pain in their heads. Howard and York with violent Cholicks. the 
  Cause of those disorders we are unable to account for. their diet and the 
  Sudin Change of Climate must contribute. The Great Chief Tin 
  nach~e~moo~tolt (or broken Arm) and 12 of the young men of his nation left 
  us today about 11 oClock and Crossed the river to his Village 
  Hoh~hast~ill~pilt and 3 old men Continued with us untill about 5 P# M when 
  they left us and returnd. to their Village. a party of 14 Indians passed 
  our Camp about 1 P#M# on their way to the leavel uplands to run and kill 
  the deer with their horses and Bows and arrows. Some of them were also 
  provided with deers heads Cased for the purpose of decoying the deer. 
  those men continued withus but a fiew minits and proceeded on. Those 
  people hunt most Commonly on horse back Seround the Deer or Goat which 
  they find in the open plains & kill them with their arrows. tho they 
  Sometimes hunt the deer on foot & decoy them. we had all of our horses 
  drove together to day with a view to fermilurize them to each other. those 
  that were Cut yesterday are Stiff and Several of them much Swelled. we had 
  all our baggage Secured and Covered with a rouf of Straw. our little 
  fortification also completely Secured with brush around which our Camp is 
  formed. the Greater part of our Security from the rains &c# is the 
  grass which is formed in a kind of ruff So as to turn the rain Completely 
  and is much the best tents we have. as the days are worm &c# we have a 
  bowry made to write under which we find not only comfortable but 
  necessary, to keep off the intence heet of the Sun which has great effect 
  in this low bottom. on the high plains off the river the Climate is 
  entirely different cool. Some Snow on the north hill Sides near the top 
  and vegetation near 3 weeks later than in the river bottoms. and the rocky 
  Mountains imedeately in view covered Several say 4 & 5 feet deep with 
  Snow. here I behold three different Climats within a fiew miles a little 
  before dark Hoh~hast~ill~pilt and the 3 old men & one other returned 
  to our Camp and informed us the Canoe was a great way off and they could 
  not cross this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1393-1806-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 16th 1806. Drewyer's horse left his camp last night and was 
  brought to us this morning by an indian who informed us he had found him a 
  considerable distance towards the mountains. Hohastillpilp and all the 
  natives left us about noon and informed us that they were going up the 
  river some distance to a place at which they expected to fine a canoe, we 
  gave them the head and neck of a bear, a part of which they eat and took 
  the ballance with them. these people sometimes kill the variagated bear 
  when they can get them in the open plain where they can pursue them on 
  horseback and shoot them with their arrows. the black bear they more 
  frequently kill as they are less ferocious. our sick men are much better 
  today. Sahcargarmeah geathered a quantity of the roots of a speceis of 
  fennel which we found very agreeable food, the flavor of this root is not 
  unlike annis seed, and they dispell the wind which the roots called Cows 
  and quawmash are apt to create particularly the latter. we also boil a 
  small onion which we find in great abundance, with other roots and find 
  them also an antidote to the effects of the others. the mush of roots we 
  find adds much to the comfort of our diet. we sent out several 
  hunters this morning but they returned about 11 A#M# without success; they 
  killed a few pheasants only. at 5 P#M# Drewyer and Cruzatte returned 
  having killed one deer only. Drewyer had wounded three bear which he said 
  were as white as sheep but had obtained neither of them. they informed us 
  that the hunting was but bad in the quarter they had been, the Country was 
  broken and thickly covered in most parts with underbrush. a little after 
  dark Shannon and Labuish returned with one deer; they informed us that 
  game was wild and scarce, that a large creek (Collins Creek) ran parallel 
  with the river at the distance of about 5 or 6 miles which they found 
  impracticable to pass with their horses in consequence of the debth and 
  rapidity of it's current. beyond this creek the Indians inform us that 
  there is great abundance of game. Sergt# Pryor and Collins who set out 
  this morning on a hunting excurtion did not return this evening. I 
  killed a snake near our camp, it is 3 feet 11 Inches in length, is much 
  the colour of the rattlesnake common to the middle atlantic states, it has 
  no poisonous teeth. it has 218 scutae on the abdomen and fifty nine 
  squamae or half formed scutae on the tail. the eye is of moderate size, 
  the iris of a dark yellowish brown and puple black. there is nothing 
  remarkable in the form of the head which is not so wide across the jaws as 
  those of the poisonous class of snakes usually are. I preserved the 
  skin of this snake. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1394-1806-05-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 16th May 1806 a cloudy morning with Some rain which continued 
  untill Meridean at intervales, but very moderately. a man and boy Came to 
  our Camp at 11 A# M with Drewyers Horse which he informed us he found at a 
  long distance towards the Mtns. this horse must have Strayed from Drewyers 
  Camp last night. Hohhastillpelt and all the nativs left us at merdn# and 
  went up the river with a view to Cross at Some distance above where they 
  expected to find a Canoe. 
  = 
  we gave those people a head and Neck of the largest bear a part of which 
  they eate and the balance they Carefully took with them for their 
  children. The Indians of this Country Seldom kill the bear they are very 
  much afraid of them and the killing of a white or Grzley bear, is as great 
  a feet as two of their enimy. the fiew of those Animals which they Chance 
  to kill is found in the leavel open lands and pursued on horses & 
  killed with their Arrows. they are fond of the flesh of this animal and 
  eate emoderately of it when they have a Sufficiency to indulge themselves. 
  The men who were complaining of the head ake and Cholicks yesterday and 
  last night are much better to day. Shabonos Squar gatherd a quantity of 
  fenel roots which we find very paleatiable and nurishing food. the Onion 
  we also find in abundance and boil it with our meat. Shields rode out and 
  hunted in the morning without Suckcess he returned at 11 A#M# having 
  killed only a black wood pecker with a red breast as discribed hereafter. 
  A snake which resembles the rattle Snake in colour and Spots on the Skin, 
  longer and inosent. at 5 P M Drewyer and Crusat returned haveing killed 
  only one Deer only. D# Shot 3 White bear but Could get neither of them. 
  they inform us that the hunting in the derection they were is very bad. 
  the country hilly & brushey. a little after dark Shannon & Labiech 
  came in from the Chass. Shannon killed one deer which he brought in. this 
  deer being the only animal they Could kill. they informed that a large 
  Creek (Collens's Creek) run parrelal with the river at about 5 or 6 miles 
  distant between which there was but little game, and the Creek being high 
  rapid and the Smothe rocks in the bottom rendered it impossible for them 
  to pass it on hors back. Sergt# Pryor and Collins who Set out early this 
  morning hunting have not returned. we derected that the horses be drove up 
  in future at 12 oClock on each day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1395-1806-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 17th 1806. It rained the greater part of the last night and 
  this morning untill 8 OCk# the water passed through flimzy covering and 
  wet our bed most perfectly in shot we lay in the water all the latter part 
  of the night. unfortunately my chronometer which for greater security I 
  have woarn in my fob for ten days past, got wet last night; it seemed a 
  little extraordinary that every part of my breechies which were under my 
  head, should have escaped the moisture except the fob where the time peice 
  was. I opened it and founded it nearly filled with water which I carefully 
  drained out exposed it to the air and wiped the works as well as I could 
  with dry feathers after which I touched them with a little bears oil. 
  several parts of the iron and steel works were rusted a little which I 
  wiped with all the care in my power. I set her to going and from her 
  apparent motion hope she has sustained no material injury. at 9 A#M# 
  Sergt# Pryor and Collins returned, Sergt# Pryor brought the Skin and flesh 
  of a black bear which he had killed; Collins had also killed a very large 
  variegated bear but his horse having absconded last evening was unable to 
  bring it. they had secured this meat perfectly from the wolves or birds 
  and as it was at a considerable distance we did not think proper to send 
  for it today. neither of these bear were in good order. as the bear are 
  reather ferocious and we are obliged to depend on them pincipally for our 
  subsistence we thought it most advisable to direct at least two hunters to 
  go together, and they accordingly peared themselves out for this purpose. 
  we also apportioned the horses to the several hunters in order that they 
  should be equally rode and thereby prevent any horse being materially 
  injured by being too constantly hunted. we appointed the men not hunters 
  to take charge of certain horses in the absence of the hunters and 
  directed the hunters to set out in different directions early in the 
  morning and not return untill they had killed some game. it rained 
  moderately the greater part of the day and snowed as usual on the plain. 
  Sergt# Pryor informed me that it was shoe deep this morning when he came 
  down. it is somewhat astonishing that the grass and a variety of plants 
  which are now from a foot to 18 inches high on these plains sustain no 
  injury from the snow or frost; many of those plants are in blume and 
  appear to be of a tender susceptable texture. we have been visited by no 
  indians today, and occurrence which has not taken place before since we 
  left the Narrows of the Columbia. I am pleased at finding the river 
  rise so rapidly, it now doubt is attributeable to the meting snows of the 
  mountains; that icy barier which seperates me from my friends and Country, 
  from all which makes life esteemable. patience, patience 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1396-1806-05-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 17th May 1806 rained moderately all the last night and this 
  morning untill we are wet. The little river on which we are encamped rise 
  Sepriseingly fast. at 9 A#M# Sergt# Pryor and Collins returned with the 
  flesh and Skin of a Black bear on Sgt# Pryors horse. Collins's horse 
  haveing run off from him yesterday. they informed us that they had each 
  killed a Bear neither of which were fat. the one which they left in the 
  woods was of the white Species and very large we did not think it 
  necessary in the cours of this day to Send for the flesh of the bear left 
  in the woods. the rains of the last night unfortunately wet the Crenomuter 
  in the fob of Capt# L# breaches. which has never before been wet Since we 
  Set out on this expedition. her works were cautiously wiped and made dry 
  by Capt# L# and I think She will recive no injury from this misfortune 
  &c# we arranged the hunters and horses to each hunter and directed 
  them to turn out in the morning early and continue out untill they Killed 
  Something. others arranged so as to take care of the hunters horses in 
  their absence. rained moderately all day. at the Same time Snowed on the 
  mountains which is in to the S# E# of us. no Indians visit us to day which 
  is a Singular circumstance as we have not been one day without Indians 
  Since we left the long narrows of the Columbia. the fiew worm days which 
  we have had has melted the Snows in the Mountains and the river has rose 
  considerably. that icy barier which Seperates me from my friends and 
  Country, from all which makes life estimable, is yet white with the Snow 
  which is maney feet deep. I frequently Consult the nativs on the subject 
  of passing this tremendious barier which now present themselves to our 
  view for great extent, they all appear to agree as to the time those 
  Mountains may be passed which is about the Middle of June. 
  = 
  Sergt# pryor informs me that the Snow on the high plains from the river 
  was Shoe deep this morning when he Came down. it is somewhat estonishing 
  that the grass and a variety of Plants Sustain no injurey from the Snow or 
  frost; Maney of those plants are in blume and appear to be of tender 
  susceptable texture. At the distance of 18 Miles from the river and on the 
  Eastern border of the high Plain the Rocky Mountain Commences and presents 
  us with Winter here we have Summer, Spring and Winter in the Short Space 
  of twenty or thirty miles 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1397-1806-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 18th 1806. Twelve hunters turned out this morning in different 
  directions agreeably to the order of last evening. Potts and Whitehouse 
  accompanied Collins to the bear he had killed on the 16th inst# with which 
  they returned in the afternoon. the colours of this bear was a mixture of 
  light redish brown white and dark brown in which the bey or redish brown 
  predominated, the fur was bey as well as the lower pertion of the long 
  hairs, the white next succeeded in the long hairs which at their 
  extremites were dark brown, this uncommon mixture might be termed a bey 
  grizzle. 
  = 
  our indian woman was busily engaged today in laying in a store of the 
  fennel roots for the Rocky mountains. these are called by the Shoshones 
  year~pah. at 2 P#M# 3 Indians who had been hunting towards the place at 
  which we met with Chopunnish last fall, called by them the quawmash 
  grounds, called at our camp; they informed us that they had been hunting 
  several days and had killed nothing; we gave them a small peice of meat 
  which they told us they would reserve for their small children who were 
  very hungary; we smoked with them and they shortly after departed. early 
  this morning the natives erected a lodge on the opposite side of the river 
  near a fishing stand a little above us. no doubt to be in readiness for 
  the salmon, the arrival of which they are so ardently wishing as well as 
  ourselves. this stand is a small stage are warf constructed of sticks and 
  projecting about 10 feet into the river and about 3 feet above the surface 
  of the water on the extremity of this the fisherman stands with his 
  scooping net, which differ but little in their form from those commonly 
  used in our country it is formed thus. the fisherman exercised himself 
  some hours today but I believe without success. at 3 P#M# J# Fields 
  returned very unwell having killed nothing. shortly after an old man and 
  woman arrived; the former had soar eyes and the latter complained of a lax 
  and rheumatic effections. we gave the woman some creem of tartar and flour 
  of sulpher, and washed the old man's eyes with a little eyewater. a little 
  before dark Drewyer R# Fields and LaPage returned having been also 
  unsuccessfull they had killed a hawk only and taken the part of a salmon 
  from an Eagle, the latter altho it was of itself not valuable was an 
  agreeable sight as it gave us reason to hope that the salmon would shortly 
  be with us. these hunters had scowered the country between the Kooskooske 
  and Collins's Creek from hence to their junction about 10 miles and had 
  seen no deer or bear and but little sign of either. shortly after dark it 
  began to rain and continued raining moderately all night. the air was 
  extreemly cold and disagreeable and we lay in the water as the preceeding 
  night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1398-1806-05-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 18th May 1806 Cloudy morning 12 hunters turned out this morning in 
  different directions agreeably to the order of yesterday. Potts and 
  Whitehouse accompanied Collins to the bear which he had killed on the 16th 
  and brought in the flesh and Skin. this bear was not large but remarkably 
  light coloured the hair of it as also the hair of all those which has been 
  killed is very thick and long. The Squar wife to Shabono busied her Self 
  gathering the roots of the fenel Called by the Snake Indians Year~pah for 
  the purpose of drying to eate on the Rocky mountains. those roots are very 
  paliatiable either fresh rosted boiled or dried and are generally between 
  the Size of a quill and that of a mans fingar and about the length of the 
  latter. at 2 P#M# 3 Indians who had been out hunting towards the place we 
  met with the Chopunnish last fall, which place they Call the quarmash 
  grounds. those men had been out Several days and killed nothing. we gave 
  them a Small piece of meat which they told us they would reserve for their 
  Small Children who was very hungary. we Smoked with them and they 
  departed. The nativs made a lodge on the opposit bank of the river a 
  little above us at a fishing place. as all communication is cut off 
  between us and the nativs on the opposit Side of the river, we cannot Say 
  by whome or for what service that lodge has been errected as no one has 
  been near it Since it was errected this morning. at 3 P M Jo# Field 
  returned from the chase without killing any thing he complains of being 
  unwell. Son after an old man and a woman arived the man with Sore eyes, 
  and the woman with a gripeing and rhumatic effections. I gave the woman a 
  dose of creme of tarter and flour of Sulphur, and the man Some eye water. 
  a little before night Rueben Field Drewyer and LaPage returned haveing 
  killed nothing but a large hawk they had hunted in the point between the 
  Kooskooske and Collins's Creek and Saw but little Sign of either deer or 
  Bear. the evening Cloudy, Soon after dark it began to rain and rained 
  moderately all night. LaPage took a Salmon from an Eagle at a Short 
  distance below our Camp. this is induces us to believe that the Salmon is 
  in this river and most probably will be here in great numbers in the 
  Course of a fiew days. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1399-1806-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 19th 1806. It continued to rain this morning untill 8 OCk# when 
  it became fair. We sent Charbono, Thompson, Potts, Hall and Wiser over the 
  river to a village above in order to purchase some roots to eat with our 
  lean bear meat. for this purpose we gave them a few awls, Kniting pins and 
  Armbands. we were informed that there was a canoe at the village in which 
  they could pass the river. I sent Joseph and R# Feilds up the river in 
  surch of the horse which I rode over the Rocky mountains last fall. he had 
  been seen yesterday with a parse) of indian horses and has become almost 
  wild. at 11 A#M# Thompson returned from the village accompanied by a train 
  of invalids consisting of 4 men 8 women and a child. The men had soar eyes 
  and the women in addition to soar eyes had a variety of other complaints 
  principally rheumatic; a weakness and pain in the loins is a common 
  complaint with their women. eyewater was administered to all; to two of 
  the women cathartics were given, to a third who appeared much dejected and 
  who from their account of her disease we supposed it to be histerical, we 
  gave 30 drops of Laudanum. the several parts of the others where the 
  rheumatic pains were seated were well rubed with volitile linniment. all 
  of those poor wretches thought themselves much benefited and all returned 
  to their village well satisfyed. at 5 P#M# or marketers returned with 
  about 6 bushels of the cows roots and a considerable quanty of bread of 
  the same materials. late in the evening Reubin and Joseph Feilds returned 
  with my horse; we had him immediately castrated together with two others 
  by Drewyer in the ordinary. we amused ourselves about an hour this 
  afternoon in looking at the men running their horses. several of those 
  horses would be thought fleet in the U States. a little after dark Sheilds 
  and Gibson returned unsuccessful) from the chase. they had seen some deer 
  but no bear. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1400-1806-05-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 19th May 1806 Rained this morning untill 8 oClock when it Cleared 
  off and became fair. we Sent Shabono, Thomson, Potts, Hall & Wizer 
  over to the Villages above to purchase Some roots to eate with our pore 
  bear meat, for which purchase we gave them a fiew Awls, Knitting pins, 
  & arm bans and directed them to proceed up on this Side of the river 
  opposit to the Village and Cross in the Cano which we are informed is at 
  that place. Sent Jo# & Reuben Field up the river a Short distance 
  after the horse which Capt# Lewis rode over the mountains last fall, which 
  horse was Seen yesterday with a gangue of Indian horses, and is Very 
  wild. about 11 oClock 4 men and 8 Women Came to our Camp with Thompson 
  who went to the Village very early this morning. those Men applyed for Eye 
  water and the Women had a Variety of Complaints tho the most general 
  Complaint was the Rhumitism, pains in the back and the Sore eyes, they 
  also brought fowd# a very young Child whome they Said had been very Sick. 
  I administered eye water to all, two of the women I gave a carthartic, one 
  whose Spirets were very low and much hipedz I gave 30 drops of Lodomem, 
  and to the others I had their backs hips legs thighs & arms well rubed 
  with Volitile leniment all of those pore people thought themselves much 
  benifited by what had been done for them, and at 3 P#M# they all returned 
  to their Villages well satisfied. at 5 P#M# Potts, Shabono &c# 
  returned from the Village with about 6 bushels of the root the nativs Call 
  Cowse and Some bread of the Same root. Rubin & Jos. Fields returned 
  with the horse Capt# Lewis rode across the rocky mountains we had this 
  horse imedeately Cut with 2 others which we had not before thought proper 
  to Castrate. we amused ourselves about an hour this after noon looking at 
  the men run their horses, Several of them would be thought Swift horses in 
  the atlantic States. a little after dark John Shields and Gibson returned 
  haveing killed nothing. they Saw Some deer but Saw no bear. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1401-1806-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 20th 1806. It rained the greater part of last night and 
  continued this morning untill noon when it cleared away about an hour and 
  then rained at intervals untill 4 in the evening. our covering is so 
  indifferent that Capt C# and myself lay in the water the greater part of 
  the last night. Drewyer, and the two Feildses set out on a hunting 
  excurtion towards the mountains. Shannon and Colter came in unsuccessfull, 
  they had wounded a bear and a deer last evening but the night coming on 
  they were unable to pursue them, and the snow which fell in the course of 
  the night and this morning had covered the blood and rendered all further 
  pursuit impracticable. at 2 P#M# Labuish arrived with a large buck of the 
  Mule deer speceis which he had killed on Collins's Creek yesterday. he had 
  left Cruzatte and Collins on the Creek where they were to wait his return. 
  he informed us that it was snowing on the plain while it was raining at 
  our camp in the river bottom. late in the evening Labuish and LaPage set 
  out to join Collins and Cruzatte in order to resume their hunt early 
  tomorrow morning. this evening a party of indians assembled on the 
  opposite bank of the river and viewed our camp with much attention for 
  some time and retired. at 5 P#M# Frazier who had been permitted to 
  go to the village this morning returned with a pasel of Roots and bread 
  which he had purchased. brass buttons is an article of which these people 
  are tolerably fond, the men have taken advantage of their prepossession in 
  favour of buttons and have devested themselves of all they had in 
  possesson which they have given in exchange for roots and bread. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1402-1806-05-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 20th May 1806 rained the greater part of the last night and this 
  morning untill meridean when it Cleared away for an hour and began to rain 
  and rained at entervals untill 4 P#M# our Covering was so indefferent that 
  Capt Lewis and my self was wet in our bed all the latter part of the 
  night. Drewyer, Jos. & R# Fields Set out to towards the mountains. 
  Shannon & Colter Came in without any thing. they had Seen and Shot at 
  a Bear and a Deer neither of which they Could get. both of those Animals 
  they must have Wounded Mortally, but the night Comeing on prevented their 
  following them, and this morning the Snow had Covered the tracks and hid 
  the blood and prevented their getting either of them. 
  = 
  at 2 P#M# Labiech Came in with a large Buck of the Mule Deer Speces which 
  he had killed on Collins's Creek yesterday. he left Collins and Peter 
  Crusat on the Creek at which place they would Continue untill his return. 
  he informd. us that it was Snowing on the leavel plains on the top of the 
  hill all the time it was raining in the bottom at our Camp. Labiech & 
  Lapage returned to Collins & Crusat in the evening late for the 
  purpose of Pursueing the hunt in the Morning early. Several Indians came 
  to the opposit side of the River and viewed us some time. at 5 P M Frazur 
  who had leave to go to the Village returned with Some roots which he had 
  purchased. cloudy &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1403-1806-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 21st 1806. It rained a few hours this morning. Sheilds and 
  Gibson set out to hunt towards the mountains. Collins came to camp at noon 
  and remained about 2 hours; he has killed nothing since he left us last. 
  we set five men at work to make a canoe for the purpose of fishing and 
  passing the river. the Indians have already promised us a horse for this 
  canoe when we have no longer any uce for her. as our tent was not 
  sufficient to shelter us from the rain we had a lodge constructed of 
  willow poles and grass in the form of the orning of a waggon closed at one 
  end. this we had made sufficiently large to sleep in and to shelter the 
  most important part of our baggage. it is perfectly secure against the 
  rain sun and wind and affords us much the most comfortable shelter we have 
  had since we left Fort Clatsop. today we divided the remnant of our store 
  of merchandize among our party with a view that each should purchase 
  therewith a parsel of roots and bread from the natives as his stores for 
  the rocky mountains for there seems but little probability that we shall 
  be enabled to make any dryed meat for that purpose and we cannot as yet 
  form any just idea what resource the fish will furnish us. each man's 
  stock in trade amounts to no more than one awl, one Kniting pin, a half an 
  ounce of vermillion, two nedles, a few scanes of thead and about a yard of 
  ribbon; a slender stock indeed with which to lay in a store of provision 
  for that dreary wilderness. we would make the men collect these roots 
  themselves but there are several speceis of hemlock which are so much like 
  the cows that it is difficult to discriminate them from the cows and we 
  are affraid that they might poison themselves. the indians have given us 
  another horse to kill for provision which we keep as a reserved store. our 
  dependence for subsistence is on our guns, the fish we may perhaps take, 
  the roots we can purchase from the natives and as the last alternative our 
  horses. we eat the last morsel of meat which we had for dinner this 
  evening, yet nobody seems much conserned about the state of provision. 
  Willard, Sergt# Ordway and Goodrich were permitted to visit the village 
  today; the former returned in the evening with some roots and bread, the 
  two last remaining all night. one of our party brought in a young sandhill 
  crain it was about the size of a pateridge and of a redish brown colour, 
  it appeared to be about 5 or six days old; these crains are abundant in 
  this neighbourhood. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1404-1806-05-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 21st May 1806 rained this morning. Shields and Gibson Set out to 
  hunt towards the mountains. Collins Came in to day and Stayed in about two 
  hours, he has killed nothing Since he went out last. we Set 5 Men at work 
  to build a Canoe for the purpose of takeing fish and passing the river and 
  for which we can get a good horse. as our tent is not Sufficient to keep 
  off the rain we are Compelled to have Some other resort for a Security 
  from the repeeted Showers which fall. we have a small half circular place 
  made and Covered with grass which makes a very Secure Shelter for us to 
  Sleep under. We devided our Store of merchindize amongst our party for the 
  purpose of precureing Some roots &c# of the nativs to each mans part 
  amounted to about an awl Knitting pin a little paint and Some thread & 
  2 Needles which is but a Scanty dependance for roots to take us over those 
  Great Snowey Barriers (rocky mountains) which is and will be the Cause of 
  our Detention in this neighbourhood probably untill the 10 or 15 of June. 
  they are at this time Covered deep with Snow. the plains on the high 
  Country above us is also covered with Snow. Serjt# Ordway, Goodrich, & 
  Willard went to the village to day to precure a fiew roots. we eate the 
  last of our meat for Dinner to day, and our only Certain dependance is the 
  roots we Can precure from the nativs for the fiew articles we have left 
  those roots with what Game we Can precure from the wods will probably last 
  us untill the arival of the Salmon. if they Should not; we have a horse in 
  Store ready to be killed which the indians have offered to us. Willard 
  returned from the Village. Sergt# Ordway and Goodrich Continued all night. 
  one of the men brought me a young Sandhill Crain which was about 5 or 6 
  days old it was of a yellowish brown Colour, about the Size of a 
  partridge. Those Crains are very abundant in every part of this country in 
  pars of two, and Sometimes three together. 
  = 
  the party had gathered roots with leaves still attached they probably 
  could have been sorted with Indian assistance. However, the parsley family 
  (Apiaceae) is one of the most diverse and confusing plant families in the 
  region, and Lewis could not be sure that the men would not bring back some 
  other poisonous species not well known to the Indians. The decision to 
  purchase roots was probably prudent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1405-1806-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 22ed 1806. A fine morning we exposed all our baggage to air 
  and dry as well as our store of roots and bread purchased from the 
  natives. permited Windsor and McNeal to go to the indian village. Sergt# 
  Ordway and Goodrich returned this morning with a good store of roots and 
  bread. about noon 2 indian men came down the river on a raft and continued 
  at our camp about 3 hours and returned to their village. we sent out 
  Shannon and Colter to hunt towards the mountains. we sent Sergt# Pryor 
  down to the entrance of Collins's Creek to examine the country and look 
  out for a good position for an encampment on the river below that Creek, 
  having determined to remove our camp below that crek if it continues high, 
  as soon as we have completed our canoe, as the country to which we are 
  confined to hunt at present is limited by this creek and river to a very 
  narrow tract, and game have already become scarce. if we can obtain a good 
  situation below the entrance of this creek it will be much more eligible 
  as the hunting country is more extensive and game more abundant than 
  above. The horse which the indians have given us to kill was driven away 
  yesterday by the natives with a gang of their horses I presume in mistake; 
  being without meat at noon we directed one of the largest of our colts to 
  be killed. we found the flesh of this animal fat tender and by no means 
  illy flavoured. we have three others which we mean to reserve for the 
  rocky mountains if we can subsist here without them. my horse which was 
  castrated the day before yesterday wounded his thigh on the inner side 
  with the rope by which he was confined that evening and is now so much 
  swolen with the wound the castraiting and the collection of vermen that he 
  cannot walk, in short he is the most wretched specticle; I had his wounds 
  clensed of the vermen by washing them well with a strong decoction of the 
  bark of the roots & leaves of elder but think the chances are against 
  his recovery. at 3 P#M# we observed a large party of Indians on horseback 
  in pursuit of a deer which they ran into the river opposite to our camp; 
  Capt# C# Myself & three of our men shot and killed the deer in the 
  water; the indians pursued it on a raft and caught it. it is astonishing 
  to see these people ride down those steep hills which they do at full 
  speed. on our return to camp we found Drewyer the Two Feildses Gibson and 
  Sheilds just arrived with five deer which they had killed at a 
  considerable distance towards the mountains. they also brought with them 
  two red salmon trout which they had purchased from some indians whom they 
  had met with on their return to camp. Two Indians who were just 
  arrived at our camp informed us that these salmon trout remained in this 
  river the greater part of the winter, that they were not good at this 
  season which we readily discovered, they were very meagre. these indians 
  also informed us that there were at this time a great number of salmon at 
  no great distance from hence in Lewis's river which had just arrived and 
  were very fat and fine, they said it would be some yet before they would 
  ascend this river as high as this place. a party of the natives on the 
  opposite shore informed those with us that a party of the Shoshones had 
  two nights past surrounded a lodge of their nation on the South side of 
  Lewis's river, that the inhabitants having timely discovered the enimy 
  effected their retreat in the course of the night and escaped. Charbono's 
  Child is very ill this evening; he is cuting teeth, and for several days 
  past has had a violent lax, which having suddonly stoped he was attacked 
  with a high fever and his neck and throat are much swolen this evening. we 
  gave him a doze of creem of tartar and flour of sulpher and applyed a 
  poltice of boiled onions to his neck as warm as he could well bear it. 
  Sergt# Pryor returned late in the evening and informed us that he had been 
  down the river eight miles and that the clifts set in so abruptly to the 
  river he could get no further without returning several miles back and 
  ascending the hills and that he had thought it best to return and ride 
  down tomorrow on the high plain as he believed the mouth of the creek was 
  a considerable distance. Drewyer who has been at the place informs us that 
  it is about 10 ms# and that there is no situation on the river for some 
  distance below this creek which can possibly answer our purposes. we 
  dryed our baggage &c perfectly and put it up. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1406-1806-05-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 22nd May 1806 a fine day we exposed all our baggage to the Sun to 
  air and dry, also our roots which we have precured of the nativs. gave 
  promission to Windser & McNeal to go to the Indian Villages. Sergt# 
  Ordway and goodrich returned at 11 A#M# Soon after 2 Indian men Came down 
  on a raft and Continued with us about 3 hours and then returned to their 
  Village. Shannon & Colter went out to day to hunt towards the 
  mountains. Sergt# Pryor went out to hunt down the river, and examine the 
  mouth of Collins Creek, if a good Situation was below that Creek for a 
  Camp. this Creek which Cannot be passed owing to it's debth & rapidity 
  is a great beariore in our way to the best hunting Country. it confines us 
  to a narrow scope between this Creek and the river on which we are Camped. 
  If a Situation can be found imedeately below the Creek it will answer us 
  better than our present one as from thence we Can get out to Some distance 
  to hunt, and be convenient also to the fish Should they pass up &c# 
  The horse the Indian's left with us to kill has been drove to their 
  village with a gang of horses which I suppose belonged to another man. as 
  the greater part of our men have not had any Meat to eate for 2 days, and 
  the roots they Complain of, not being accustiomed to live on them 
  altogether we derected a large Coalt which was given to us by a young man 
  with an elegant mare on the  ¿¿  instant. this Coalt was fat and was 
  handsom looking meat. late in the evening we were informed that the horse 
  which Capt L# rode over the rocky mountains and which was Cut day before 
  yesterday had his hip out of place Since that time, and Could not walk. 
  Capt# Lewis examined him and thought he Could not recover. at 3 P#M# we 
  observed a number of Indians in chase of a deer on their horses on the 
  opposit hill Sides. Soon after the deer took the water I Capt L# and 3 men 
  run down on this Side, and killed the deer in the water, the deer floated 
  down and the Indians took it by means of a raft which they had ready. on 
  my return to Camp found Drewyer Jos. & Reuben Fields, Shields and 
  gibson just arrived from the Chass with 5 Deer which they had killed on 
  the high lands toward the mountains. they also brought with them two 
  Salmon trout which they had purchased of Indians which they Saw on their 
  return to Camp. at 5 p. M# two young men highly decurated in their way 
  Came to our camp and informed us that the fat fish were in great numbers 
  in Lewis's river. that those Salmon trout which our hunters brought were 
  pore and Such as were Cought in the Winter in this river and were not the 
  kind which Comes up in the Spring of the year. great number of Indians 
  Come to the opposit bank and inform those on this Side that the Snake 
  Indians had come to a Lodge on Lewis's river at night. the inhabitents 
  previously discovering them abandened the house. Shabonoes Son a Small 
  child is, dangerously ill. his jaw and throat is much Swelled. we apply a 
  poltice of Onions. after giveing him Some creem of tarter &c# this day 
  proved to be fine fair which afforded us an oppertunety of drying our 
  baggage which had got a little wet. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1407-1806-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 23rd 1806. Sergt# Pryor wounded a deer early this morning in a 
  lick near camp; my dog pursud it into the river; the two young Indian men 
  who had remained with us all night mounted their horses swam the river and 
  drove the deer into the water again; Sergt# Pryor killed it as it reached 
  the shore on this side, the indians returned as they had passed over. we 
  directed half this deer to be given to the indians, they immediately made 
  a fire and cooked their meat, 4 others joined them from the village with 
  the assistance of whom they consumed their portion of the spoil in less 
  than 2 hours and took their leave of our camp. The Creem of tartar and 
  sulpher operated several times on the child in the course of the last 
  night, he is considerably better this morning, tho the swelling of the 
  neck has abated but little; we still apply polices of onions which we 
  renew frequently in the course of the day and night. at noon we were 
  visited by 4 indians who informed us they cad come from their village on 
  Lewis's river at the distance of two days ride in order to see us and 
  obtain a little eyewater, Capt# C# washed their eyes and they set out on 
  their return to their village. our skill as phisicans and the virture of 
  our medecines have been spread it seems to a great distance. I sincerely 
  wish it was in our power to give releif to these poor afficted wretches. 
  at 1 P#M# Shannon, Colter, Labuish, Cruzatte, Collins, and LaPage returned 
  from hunting without having killed anything except a few pheasants of the 
  dark brown kind, which they brought with them.These hunters informed us 
  that they had hunted the country deligently between the river and Creek 
  for some distance above and below our camp and that there was no game to 
  be found. all the horses which have been castrated except my poor 
  unfortunate horse appear as if they would do very well. I am convinced 
  that those cut by the indians will get well much soonest and they do not 
  swell nor appear to suffer as much as those cut in the common way. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1408-1806-05-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 23rd May 1806 a fair morning. Sergt# Pryor wounded a Deer at a lick 
  near our Camp and our dog prosued it into the river. two Indians which 
  happened to be at our Camp Mounted their horses and Swam across the river 
  chased the deer into the water again and pursued it across to the Side on 
  which we were, and as the Deer Came out of the Water Sgt# Pryor killed it. 
  we derected half of this deer to be given to those two indians. they 
  imediately made a fire and Cooked the meat. 4 others joined them from the 
  Village and they Soon consumed their portion. The Child is Something 
  better this morning than it was last night. we apply a fresh poltice of 
  the wild Onion which we repeeted twice in the Course of the day. the 
  Swelling does not appear to increas any Since yesterday. The 4 Indians who 
  visited us to day informed us that they Came from their village on Lewis's 
  river two days ride from this place for the purpose of Seeing of us and 
  getting a little eye water I washed their eyes with Some eyewater and they 
  all left us at 2 P#M# and returned to the Villages on the opposit Side of 
  this river. at 1 oClock Shannon, Colter, Labiech, Crusatt Lapage and 
  Collins all returned from hunting without haveing killed any thing except 
  a fiew heath hens & black Pheasants two of which they brought with 
  them. Labiech also brought a whisteling squerel which he had killed on 
  it's hole in the high plains. this squerel differs from those on the 
  Missouri in their Colour, Size, food and the length tal and from those 
  found near the falls of Columbia 
  = 
  Our hunters brought us a large hooting owl which differ from those of the 
  atlantic States. The plumage of this owl is an uniform mixture of dark 
  yellowish brown and white, in which the dark brown prodominates. it's 
  Colour may be properly termed a dark Iron gray. the plumage is very long 
  and remarkably Silky and Soft. those have not the long feathers on the 
  head which give it the appearance of ears, or horns, remarkable large eyes 
  = 
  the hunters informed us that they had hunted with great industry all the 
  Country between the river and for Some distance above and below without 
  the Smallest Chance of killing any game. they inform us that the high 
  lands are very cold with snow which has fallen for every day or night for 
  Several past. our horses which was Cut is like to doe well. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1409-1806-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 24th 1806. The child was very wrestless last night; it's jaw 
  and the back of it's neck are much more swolen than they were yesterday 
  tho his fever has abated considerably. we gave it a doze of creem of 
  tartar and applyed a fresh poltice of onions. we ordered some of the 
  hunters out this morning and directed them to pass Collins's creek if 
  possible and hunt towards the quawmash feilds. William Bratton still 
  continues very unwell; he eats heartily digests his food well, and his 
  recovered his flesh almost perfectly yet is so weak in the loins that he 
  is scarcely able to walk nor can he set upwright but with the greatest 
  pain. we have tryed every remidy which our engenuity could devise, or with 
  which our stock of medicines furnished us, without effect. John Sheilds 
  observed that he had seen men in a similar situation restored by violent 
  sweats. Bratton requested that he might be sweated in the manner proposed 
  by Sheilds to which we consented. Sheilds sunk a circular hole of 3 feet 
  diamiter and four feet deep in the earth. he kindled a large fire in the 
  hole and heated well, after which the fire was taken out a seat placed in 
  the center of the hole for the patient with a board at bottom for his feet 
  to rest on; some hoops of willow poles were bent in an arch crossing each 
  other over the hole, on these several blankets were thrown forming a 
  secure and thick orning of about 3 feet high. the patient being striped 
  naked was seated under this orning in the hole and the blankets well 
  secured on every side. the patient was furnished with a vessell of water 
  which he sprinkles on the bottom and sides of the hole and by that means 
  creates as much steam or vapor as he could possibly bear, in this 
  situation he was kept about 20 minutes after which he was taken out and 
  suddonly plunged in cold water twise and was then immediately returned to 
  the sweat hole where he was continued three quarters of an hour longer 
  then taken out covered up in several blankets and suffered to cool 
  gradually. during the time of his being in the sweat hole, he drank 
  copious draughts of a strong tea of horse mint. Sheilds says that he had 
  previously seen the tea of Sinnecca snake root used in stead of the mint 
  which was now employed for the want of the other which is not be found in 
  this country. this experiment was made yesterday; Bratton feels 
  himself much better and is walking about today and says he is nearly free 
  from pain. at 11 A#M# a canoe arrived with 3 of the natives one of 
  them the sick man of whom I have before made mentions as having lost the 
  power of his limbs. he is a cheif of considerable note among them and they 
  seem extreemly anxious for his recovery. as he complains of no pain in any 
  particular part we conceive it cannot be the rheumatism, nor do we suppose 
  that it can be a parelitic attack or his limbs would have been more 
  deminished. we have supposed that it was some disorder which owed it's 
  origine to a diet of particular roots perhaps and such as we have never 
  before witnessed. while at the village of the broken arm we had 
  recommended a diet of fish or flesh for this man and the cold bath every 
  morning. we had also given him a few dozes of creem of tarter and flour of 
  sulpher to be repeated every 3rd day. this poor wretch thinks that he 
  feels himself of somewhat better but to me there appears to be no visible 
  alteration. we are at a loss what to do for this unfortunate man. we gave 
  him a few drops of Laudanum and a little portable soup. 4 of our party 
  pased the river and visited the lodge of the broken Arm for the purpose of 
  traiding some awls which they had made of the links of small chain 
  belonging to one of their steel traps, for some roots. they returned in 
  the evening having been very successfull, they had obtained a good supply 
  of roots and bread of cows. this day has proved warmer than any of 
  the preceeding since we have arrived here. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1410-1806-05-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 24th May 1806 a fine morning the Child was very restless last 
  night its jaw and back of its neck is much more Swelled than it was 
  yesterday. I gave it a dost of Creme of Tarter and a fresh Poltice of 
  Onions. ordered Shields, Gibson, Drewyer, Crusat, Collins, and Jo# & 
  rubin Fields to turn out hunting and if possible Cross Collins Creek and 
  hunt towards the quar mash fields. W# Brattin is yet very low he eats 
  hartily but he is So weak in the Small of his back that he Can't walk. we 
  have made use of every remidy to restore him without it's haveing the 
  desired effect. one of our party, John Shields observed that he had Seen 
  men in Similar Situations restored by Violent Swets. and bratten requested 
  that he might be Swetted in the way Sheilds purposed which we agreed to. 
  Shields dug a round hole 4 feet deep & 3 feet Diamuter in which he 
  made a large fire So as to beet the hole after which the fire was taken 
  out a Seet placed in the hole. the patent was then Set on the Seat with a 
  board under his feet and a can of water handed him to throw on the bottom 
  & Sides of the hole So as to create as greate a heat as he Could bear. 
  and the hole covered with blankets supported by hoops. after about 20 
  minits the patient was taken out and put in Cold water a few minits, & 
  returned to the hole in which he was kept about 1 hour. then taken out and 
  Covered with Several blankets, which was taken off by degrees untill he 
  became Cool. this remedy took place yesterday and bratten is walking about 
  to day and is much better than he has been. at 11 A#M# a canoe came down 
  with the Indian man who had applyed for medical assistance while we lay at 
  the broken arms village. this man I had given a fiew doses of Flower of 
  Sulpher & Creme of Tarter and derected that he Should take the Cold 
  bath every morning. he Conceited himself a little better than he was at 
  that time. he had lost the use of all his limbs and his fingers are 
  Contracted. We are at a loss to deturmine what to do for this unfortunate 
  man. I gave him a few drops of Lodman and Some portable Supe as medisine. 
  4 of our men Crossed the river and went to the broken arms Village and 
  returned in the evening with a Supply of bread and roots which they 
  precured in exchange for Awls which were made of pieces of a chane ¬ we 
  were visited to day by the 2 young men who gave Capt# L# and my Self a 
  horse each at the village. those men Stayed about two hours and returned 
  to their village. this day proved to be very worm. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1411-1806-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday May 25th 1806. It rained the greater part of last night and 
  continued untill 6 A#M# our grass tent is impervious to the rain. the 
  Child is more unwell than yesterday. we gave it a doze of creem of tartar 
  which did not operate, we therefore gave it a clyster in the evening. we 
  caused a sweat to be prepared for the indian Cheif in the same manner in 
  which Bratton had been sweated, this we attempted but were unable to 
  succeed, as he was unable to set up or be supported in the place. we 
  informed the indians that we knew of no releif for him except sweating him 
  in their sweat houses and giving him a plenty of the tea of the horsemint 
  which we shewed them. and that this would probably nos succeed as he had 
  been so long in his present situation. I am confident that this would be 
  an excellent subject for electricity and much regret that I have it not in 
  my power to supply it. Drewyer Labuish and Cruzatte set out this 
  morning to hunt towards the quawmash grounds if they can possibly pass 
  Collins's Creek. Joseph and Reuben Feilds passed the river in order to 
  hunt on the opposite side some miles above where the natives inform us 
  that there is an abundance of bear and some deer. Goodrich visited a 
  village about 8 ms# above on the opposite side of the river and returned 
  in the evening; he procured but few roots, he informed us that there were 
  but 8 persons at home; the others were either hunting, diging roots or 
  fishing on Lewis's river. he saw several salmon in their lodges which they 
  informed him came from that river these fish were remarkably fat and fine. 
  Gibson and shields returned this evening having killed a Sandhill Crain 
  only. they had wounded a female bear and a deer but got neither of them. 
  Gibson informed me that the bear had two cubbs one of which was white and 
  other as black as jett. four indians remained with us this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1412-1806-05-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 25th May 1806 rained moderately the greater part of last night and 
  this morning untill 6 A#M# The child is not So well to day as yesterday. I 
  repeeted the Creem of tarter and the onion poltice. I caused a Swet to be 
  prepared for the Indn. in the Same hole which bratten had been Sweeten in 
  two days past Drewyer Labiech and Peter crusatt Set out hunting towards 
  the quarmash grounds if they can cross the Creek which is between this and 
  that place, which has been the bearrer as yet to our hunters. Jos. & R#
  Fields crossed the river to hunt on the opposit side. Goodrich went to the 
  2d village to purchase roots a fiew of which he precured. he informed us 
  that only 8 persons remained in the Village. the men were either hunting 
  on Lewis's river fishing, & the women out digging roots. he saw 
  Several fresh Salmon which the nativs informed him Came from Lewis's river 
  and were fat and fine. one of our men purchased a Bear Skin of the nativs 
  which was nearly of a Cream Coloured white. this Skin which was the Skin 
  of an animal of the middle Size of bears together with the defferent Sizes 
  colours &c# of those which have been killed by our hunters give me a 
  Stronger evidence of the various Coloured bear of this country being one 
  Species only, than any I have heretofore had. the poil of these bear were 
  infinately longer finer & thicker than the black bear their tallons 
  also longer & more blunt as worn by digging roots. the white redish 
  brown and bey Coloured bear I saw together on the Missouri; the bey & 
  Grizly have been Seen and killed together here. for these were the Colours 
  of those which Collins killed on the 14th inst#. in short it is not common 
  to find two bear here of this Species presisely of the same colour, and if 
  we were to attempt to distinguish them by their colours and to denomonate 
  each colour a distinct Species we Should Soon find at least twenty. the 
  most Strikeing difference between this Species of bear and the Common 
  black bear are that the former are large and have longer tallens, hair, 
  and tushes, prey more on other animals, do not lie so long or so closely 
  in winter quarters, and will not Climb a tree, tho ever so hardly pursued. 
  the varigated bear I believe to be the Same here with those of the 
  Missouri but these are not so ferocious as those on the Missouri perhaps 
  from the Circumstance of their being compeled from the scercity of game in 
  this quarter to live more on roots and of course not so much in the habit 
  of Seizing and debowering liveing animals. the bear here is far from being 
  as passive as the common black bear, they have atacked and fought our 
  hunters already but not so feircely as those of the Missouri. There are 
  also some of the Common black bear in this neghbourhood tho no So Common 
  as the other Species. 
  = 
  we attempted to swet the sick indian but could not Suckceed. he was not 
  able either to Set up or be Supported in the place prepared for him. I 
  therefore deturmined to inform the Nativs that nothing but Sefere Swetts 
  would restore this disabled man, and even that doubtfull in his present 
  Situation. in the evening Shields & gibson returned haveing killed a 
  Sandhill Crane only. they Saw a female bear, & 2 Cubs & Several 
  deer. they Shot the bear and a deer both of which made their escape. 
  Gibson told me that the Cubs were of different Colours one jut black and 
  the other of a whiteish Colour. 4 indians Continue with us, one return to 
  their village to daey 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1413-1806-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday May 26th 1806. Had frequent showers in the course of the last 
  night. Collins, Shannon and Colter set out to hunt on the high lands some 
  distance up on the N# E# side of Collins's Creek. The Clyster given the 
  Child last evening operated very well. it is clear of fever this evening 
  and is much better, the swelling is considerably abated and appears as if 
  it would pass off without coming to a head. we still continue fresh 
  poltices of onions to the swolen part. we directed the indians in what 
  manner to treat the dieased Cheif, gave him a few dozes of flour of 
  sulpher and Creem of tartar & some portable soupe and directed them to 
  take him home. they seemed unwilling to comply with the latter part of the 
  injunction for they consumed the day and remained with us all night. at 1 
  P#M# Joseph and R# Feilds returned, accompanyed by Hohastillpilp several 
  other inferior Cheifs and some young men. These hunters informed us they 
  were unable to reach the grounds to which they had been directed in 
  consequence of the debth and rapidity of a large creek which falls in 
  about 10 Ms# above. they passed Commearp Creek at about 11/2 Ms# and a 
  second creek reather larger at 3 Ms# further. at the distance of 4 Ms# up 
  this last creek on their return they called at a village which our traders 
  have never yet visited, here they obtained a large quantity of bread and 
  roots of Cows on very moderate terms. we permitted Sergt# Pryor and four 
  men to pass the river tomorrow morning with a view to visit this village 
  we also directed Charbono York and LePage to set out early for the same 
  place and procure us some roots. our meat is again exhausted, we therefore 
  directed R# Fields to hunt the horse in the morning which the Indians have 
  given us to kill. one of our men saw a salmon in the river today. in the 
  afternoon we compleated our canoe and put her in the water; she appears to 
  answer very well and will carry about 12 persons. the river still 
  rising fast and snows of the mountains visibly diminish 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1414-1806-05-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 26th May 1806 Some Small Showers of rain last night, and continued 
  Cloudy this morning untill 7 A# M when it Cleared away and became fair and 
  worm. Collins Shannon & Colter set out to hunt on the high lands to 
  the N E of us towards Collins Creek. The Child Something better this 
  morning tho the Swelling yet continues. we Still apply the onion poltice. 
  I detected what Should be done for the disabled man, gave him a fiew doses 
  of Creem of tarter & flour Sulphur, and Some portable Supe and 
  directed that he Should be taken home & Swetted &c# at 1 P#M# 
  Joseph & R# Fields returned accompanied by Hoh hast ill pilt and an 
  Second Chief and 4 men Several young men also rode down on this Side. Jo 
  & R Fields informed us that they were at a village 4 Miles up the 2nd 
  Creek from this place on the opposit side above at which place on the 
  opposit side above at which place they precured roots on very reasonable 
  terms. they Could not proceed higher up to hunt as the creeks were too 
  high for them to Cross, &c# we gave permission to Serjt# Pryor and 4 
  men to cross the river and trade with nativs of the village the Field's 
  were at yesterday for roots &c# we also directed Shabono & york to 
  proceed on to the Same Village and precure Some roots for our Selves if 
  possible. one of our men Saw a Salmon in the river to day. and two others 
  eat of Salmon at the near Village which was brought from Lewis's river. 
  our Canoe finished and put into the water. it will Carry 12 men. the 
  riseing very fast and Snow appear to melt on the Mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1415-1806-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday May 27th 1806. Early this morning we sent Reubin Fields in surch 
  of the horse which the indians had given us to kill. at 10 in the morning 
  he returned with the horse and we killed and butchered him; he was large 
  and in good order. Hohastillpilp told us that most of the horses we saw 
  runing at large in this neighbourhood belonged to himself and his people, 
  and whenever we were in want of meat he requested that we would kill any 
  of them we wished; this is a peice of liberallity which would do honour to 
  such as host of civilization; indeed I doubt whether there are not a great 
  number of our countrymen who would see us fast many days before their 
  compassion would excite them to a similar act of liberallity. Sergt# Pryor 
  and the party ordered to the indian Village set out early this morning. in 
  the evening he returned with Gibson and Sheilds. the others remained at 
  the village all night; they brought a good store of roots and bread. we 
  also sent Sergt# ordway and 2 men this morning over to Lewis's river for 
  salmon, which the indians inform us may be procured in abundance at that 
  place, and that it is but half a days ride, nearly south. Drewyer, 
  Cruzatte, and Labuish returned at 4 P#M# with five deer which they had 
  killed at some distance up Collins's Creek on this side; that stream still 
  continues so high that they could not pass it. Charbono's son is 
  much better today, tho the swelling on the side of his neck I beleive will 
  terminate in an ugly imposthume a little below the ear. the indians were 
  so anxious that the sick Cheif should be sweated under our inspection that 
  they requested we would make a second attept today; accordingly the hole 
  was somewhat enlarged and his father a very good looking old man, went 
  into the hole with him and sustained him in a proper position during the 
  operation; we could not make him sweat as copiously as we wished. after 
  the operation he complained of considerable pain, we gave him 30 drops of 
  laudanum which soon composed him and he rested very well. this is at 
  least a strong mark of parental affection. they all appear extreemly 
  attentive to this sick man nor do they appear to relax in their asceduity 
  towards him notwithstand he has been sick and helpless upwards of three 
  years. the Chopunnish appear to be very attentive and kind to their aged 
  people and treat their women with more rispect than the nations of the 
  Missouri. There is a speceis of Burrowing squirrel common in these 
  plains which in their habits somewhat resemble those of the missouri but 
  are a distinct speceis. this little animal measures one fot five and 1/2 
  inches from the nose to the extremity of the tail, of which the tail 
  occupys 21/4 inches only; in the girth it is 11 In. the body is 
  proportionably long, the neck and legs short; the ears are short, obtusely 
  pointed, and lie close to the head; the aperture of the ear is larger 
  proportionably than most animals which burrow. the eyes are of moderate 
  size, the puple black and iris of a dark sooty brown. the teeth are like 
  those of the squirrel as is it's whole contour. the whiskers are full, 
  long and black; it also has some long black hairs above the eyes. it has 
  five toes on each foot; the two inner toes of the fore feet are remarkably 
  short, and have short blont nails. the remaining toes on those feet are 
  long, black, slightly curved, and sharply pointed. the outer and inner 
  toes of the hind feet are not short yet they are by no means as long as 
  the three toes in the center of the foot which are remarkably long but the 
  nails are not as long as those of the fore feet tho of the same form and 
  colour. the hair of the tail tho of the same form and colour. the hair of 
  the tail tho thickly inserted on every part rispects the two sides only. 
  this gives it a flat appearance and a long ovol form. the tips of the hair 
  which form the outer edges of the tail are white. the base of the hairs 
  are either black or a fox red. the under disk of the tail is an iron grey, 
  the upper a redish brown. the lower part of the jaws, under part of the 
  neck, legs and feet from the body down and belley are of a light brick 
  red. the nose as high as the eyes is of a darker brick red. the upper part 
  of the head neck and body are of a curious brownish grey colour with a 
  cast of the brick red. the longer hair of these parts being of a redish 
  white colour at their extremities, fall together in such manner as to give 
  it the appearance of being speckled at a little distance. these animals 
  form large ascociations as those of the Missouri, occupying with their 
  burroughs one or sometimes 200 acres of land. the burrows are seperate and 
  are each occupyed perhaps by ten or 12 of those animals. there is a little 
  mound in front of the hole formed of the earth thrown out of the burrow 
  and frequently there are three or four distinct holes forming what I term 
  one burrow with their mouths arround the base of this little mound which 
  seems to be occupyed as a watch~tower in common by the inhabitants of 
  those several holes. these mounds are sometimes as much as 2 feet high and 
  4 feet in diameter, and are irregularly distributed over the tract they 
  occupy at the distance of from ten to thirty or 40 yds# when you approach 
  a burrow the squirrels, one or more, usually set erect on these mounds and 
  make a kind of shrill whistleing nois, something like tweet, tweet, tweet, 
  &c# they do not live on grass as those of the missouri but on roots. 
  one which I examined had in his mouth two small bulbs of a speceis of 
  grass, which resemble very much what is sometimes called the grassnut. the 
  intestins of those little animals are remarkably large for it's size. fur 
  short and very fine. the grass in their villages is not cut down as 
  in those of the plains of the missouri. I preserved the skins of several 
  of these animals with the heads feet and legs entire. The Black woodpecker 
  which I have frequently mentioned and which is found in most parts of the 
  roky Mountains as well as the Western and S# W# mountains. I had never an 
  opportunity of examining untill a few days since when we killed and 
  preserved several of them. this bird is about the size of the lark 
  woodpecker of the turtle dove, tho it's wings are longer than either of 
  those birds. the beak is black, one inch long, reather wide at the base, 
  somewhat curved, and sharply pointed; the chaps are of equal length. 
  arround the base of the beak including the eye and a small part of the 
  throat is of a fine crimson red. the neck and as low as the croop in front 
  is of an iron grey. the belly and breast is a curious mixture of white and 
  blood reed which has much the appearance of having been artifically 
  painted or stained of that colour. the red reather predominates. the top 
  of the head back, sides, upper surface of the wings and tail are black, 
  with a gossey tint of green in a certain exposure to the light. the under 
  side of the wings and tail are of a sooty black. it has ten feathers in 
  the tail, sharply pointed, and those in the center reather longest, being 
  21/2 inches in length. the tongue is barbed, pointed, and of an elastic 
  cartelaginous substance. the eye is moderately large, puple black and iris 
  of a dark yellowish brown. this bird in it's actions when flying resembles 
  the small redheaded woodpecke common to the Atlantic states; it's note 
  also somewhat resembles that bird. the pointed tail seems to assist it in 
  seting with more eas or retaining it its resting position against the 
  perpendicular side of a tree. the legs and feet are black and covered with 
  wide imbricated scales. it has four toes on each foot of which two are in 
  rear and two in front; the nails are much curved long and remarkably keen 
  or sharply pointed. it feeds on bugs worms and a variety of insects. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1416-1806-05-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 27th May 1806 A cloudy morning Serjt# Pryor and party Set out at 7 
  A#M# Serjt# Ordway and two men are ordered to cross this river and proceed 
  on through the plains to Lewis's and precure Some Salmon on that river, 
  and return tomorrow if possible he Set out at 8 A#M# we Sent Rub. Field in 
  Serch of the horse which the indians had given us to kill. at 10 A# M he 
  returned with the horse and he was killed and butchered; he was large and 
  in good order. hohastillpilp told us that most of the horses which we Saw 
  running in those plains in this neighbourhood at large belonged to himself 
  and his people, and whenever we were in want of meet, he requested that 
  would kill any of them we wished; this is a piece of liberallity which 
  would do honour to Such as host of civilization. Serjt# Pryor, Gibson 
  & Shields returned from the Village with a good Stock of roots and 
  bread. Shabono Lapage & Yourk whome we had Sent to purchase roots for 
  ourselves remained at the Village all night. Drewyer, Labiech & Crusat 
  return at 4 P#M# with 5 Deer which they had killed at Some distance up 
  Collin's Creek on this Side, that Stream Still continue So high that they 
  could not pass it. 
  = 
  Shabono's child is much better to day; tho the Swelling on the Side of his 
  neck I believe will termonate in an ugly imposthume a little below the 
  ear. The Indians were so anxious that the Sick Chief (who has lost the use 
  of his limbs) Should be Sweted under our inspection they requested me to 
  make a 2d attempt to day; accordingly the hole was enlargened and his 
  father a very good looking old man performed all the drugery &c# we 
  could not make him Swet as copously as we wished. being compelled to keep 
  him erect in the hole by means of Cords. after the oppiration he 
  complained of Considerable pain, I gave him 30 drops of Laudnom which Soon 
  composed him and he rested very well. I observe the Strongest marks of 
  parental affection. they all appear extreemly attentive to this Sick man, 
  no do they appear to relax in their ascituity towards him not withstanding 
  he has been Sick and helpless for near 5 years. The Chopunnish appeare to 
  be very attentive & kind to their aged people and treat their women 
  with more respect than the nativs on the Missouri. 
  = 
  There is a Species of whistleing Squirel common in these plains which in 
  their habit Somewhat resembles those of the Missouri but are a distinct 
  Species. this little animale measures 1 foot 5 inches & a half from 
  the nose to the extremity of the tail, of which the tail occupies 21/4 
  inches only; in the girth it is 11 inches the body is perpotionably long, 
  the neck and legs Short; the ears are Short, obtusely pointed, and lye 
  close to the head; the aperture of the ear is larger proportionably than 
  most animals which burrow. the eyes are of Moderate Size, the puple black 
  and iris of a dark dusky brown. the teeth are like those of the Squirel as 
  is it's whole contour. the whiskers are full, long and black; it has also 
  Some long black hars above the eye. it has five toes on each foot; the 2 
  iner toes of the fore feet are remarkably Short, and have Short blunt 
  nails. the remaining toes on these feet are long Slightly Curved, black 
  and Sharply pointed. the outer and inner toes of the hind feet are not 
  Short yet they are by no means as long as the three toes in the Center of 
  the foot which are remarkably long but the nails are not as long as those 
  of the fore feet tho of the Same form and colour. the bars of the tail tho 
  thickly inserted on every part respects the two Sides only. this givs it a 
  flat appearance and a long oval form. the tips of the hair which forms the 
  outer edges of the tail are white. the bace of the hair are either black 
  or a fox red. the under disk of the tail is an iron gray, the upper a 
  redish brown. the lower part of the jaws, under part of the neck, legs and 
  feet from the body down and belly are of a light brick red. the nose as 
  high as the eyes is of a darker brick red. the upper part of the head neck 
  and body are of a curious brownish gray colour with a cast of the brick 
  red. the longer hairs of these parts being of a redish white colour at 
  their extremities fall together in Such a Manner as to give it to the 
  appearance of being Spekled at a little distance. these animals form large 
  ascoations as those of the Missouri, occupying with their burroughs one or 
  Sometimes 200 acres of Land. the burrows are Seperate and are each 
  occupyed perhaps by 10 or 12 of those Animals. there is a little Mound in 
  front of the hole formed of the earth thrown out of the burrow and 
  frequently there are three or four distinct holes forming what I call one 
  burrow, around the base of the mound, which Seams to be occupied as a 
  watch tower in common by the inhabitents of those Several holes. these 
  Mounds are Sometimes as much as 2 feet high, and 4 feet in diameter, and 
  are irregularly distributed over the tract they occupy at the distance of 
  from ten to 30 or forty yards. When you approach a burrow the Squirels 
  one, or more, usially Set erect on these Mounds and make a kind of Shrill 
  whistleing nois, Something like tweet, tweet, tweet &c# they do not 
  live on grass as those of the Missouri but on roots. one which I examoned 
  had in his mouth two Small bulbs of a Species of grass, which resembles 
  very much what is Sometimes Called the Grass Nut. the intestins of these 
  little animals are remarkably large for it's Size; fur Short and very 
  fine. the grass in their village is not Cut down as in these of the plains 
  of the Missouri. I preserved the Skins of Several of these animals with 
  the heads feet and legs entire. The Black Wood pecker which is found in 
  most parts of the rocky Mountains as will as the Western and S W# 
  mountains, I had never an oppertunity of examineing, untill a fiew days 
  Since when we killed and preserved Several of them. this bird is about the 
  Size of the lark woodpecker or the turtle dove, tho it's wings are longer 
  than either of these birds. the beak is black, one inch long reather wide 
  at the base, Somewhat cirved, and Sharply pointed; the chaps are of equal 
  length. around the bace of the beak including the eye and a Small part of 
  the throat is of a crimson red. the neck and as low as the croop in front 
  is of an iron gray. the belly and breast is of a curious mixture of white 
  and blood red which has much the appearance of haveing been artifically 
  painted or Stained of that colour, the red reather predominates. the top 
  of the head, back, Sides, upper Surface of the wings and tail are black, 
  the under Side of the wings and tail are black. it has ten feathers in the 
  tail, Sharply pointed, and those in the center reather longest, being 21/2 
  inches in length. the tongue is barbed, pointed, and of an elastic 
  cartalaginous Substance. the eye is moderately large, puple black and iris 
  of a dark yellowish brown. this bird in it's actions when flying resemble 
  the Small redish woodpecker common to the altantic States; it's note also 
  Somewhat resembles that bird. the pointed tail Seems to assist it in 
  sitting with more ease or retaining it, in it's resting position against 
  the perpendicular Side of a tree. the legs and feet are black, and covered 
  with imbricated scales. it has four toes on each foot, of which two are in 
  rear and two in front; the nails are much curved long and remarkably Keen 
  or Sharply pointed. it feeds on bugs, worms and a variety of insects. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1417-1806-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday May 28th 1806. We sent Goodrich to the village of the broken arm 
  this morning he returned in the evening with some roots bread and a parsel 
  of goats~hair for making our saddle pads. Reubin and Joseph Feilds set out 
  this morning to hunt high up on a creek which discharges itself into this 
  river about 8 miles above us. at Noon Charbono, York and Lapage returned; 
  they had obtained four bags of the dryed roots of Cows and some bread. in 
  the evening Collins Shannon and Colter returned with eight deer. they had 
  fortunately discovered a ford on Collins's Creek where they were enabled 
  to pass it with their horses and had hunted at the quawmash ground where 
  we first met with the Chopunnish last fall. deer were very abundant they 
  informed us, but there were not many bear. The sick Cheif was much better 
  this morning he can use his hands and arms and seems much pleased with the 
  prospect of recovering, he says he feels much better than he has for a 
  great number of months. I sincerely wish these sweats may restore him; we 
  have consented that he should still remain with us and repeat these 
  sweats. he set up a great proportion of the day. The Child is also 
  better, he is free of fever, the imposthume is not so large but seems to 
  be advancing to maturity. since my arrival here I have killed several 
  birds of the corvus genus of a kind found only in the rocky mountains and 
  their neighbourhood. I first met with this bird above the three forks of 
  the Missouri and saw them on the hights of the rocky Mountains but never 
  before had an opportunity of examining them closely. the small corvus 
  discribed at Fort Clatsop is a different speceis, tho untill now I had 
  taken it to be the same, this is much larger and has a loud squawling note 
  something like the mewing of a cat. the beak of this bird is 11/2 inches 
  long, is proportionably large, black and of the form which characterizes 
  this genus. the upper exceeds the under chap a little. the head and neck 
  are also proportionably large. the eye full and reather prominent, the 
  iris dark brown and puple black. it is about the size and somewhat the 
  form of the Jaybird tho reather rounder or more full in the body. the tail 
  is four and a half inches in length, composed of 12 feathers nearly of the 
  same length. the head neck and body of this bird are of a dove colour. the 
  wings are black except the extremities of six large fathers ocupying the 
  middle joint of the wing which are white. the under disk of the wing is 
  not of the shining or grossy black which marks it's upper surface. the two 
  feathers in the center of the tail are black as are the two adjacent 
  feathers for half their width the ballance are of a pure white. the feet 
  and legs are black and imbricated with wide scales. the nails are black 
  and remarkably long and sharp, also much curved. it has four toes on each 
  foot of which one is in the rear and three in front. the toes are long 
  particularly that in the rear. this bird feeds on the seed of the pine and 
  also on insects. it resides in the rocky mountains at all seasons of the 
  year, and in many parts is the only bird to be found. our hunters 
  brought us a large hooting Owl which differs considerably from those of 
  the Atlantic States which are also common here. the plumage of this owl is 
  an uniform mixture of dark yellowish brown and white, in which the dark 
  brown predominates. it's colour may be properly termed a dark iron grey. 
  the plumage is very long and remarkably silky and soft. these have not the 
  long feathers on the head which give it the appearance of ears or horns. 
  the leathers of the head are long narrow and closely set, they rise 
  upwright nearly to the extremity and then are bent back sudonly as iff 
  curled. a kind of ruff of these feathers incircle the thoat. the head has 
  a flat appearance being broadest before and behind and is 1 foot 10 Is. in 
  circumference. incircling the eyes and extending from them like rays from 
  the center a tissue of open hairy long feathers are placed of a light grey 
  colour, these conceal the ears which are very large and are placed close 
  to the eyes behind and extending below them. these feathers meet over the 
  beak which they nearly conceal and form the face of the owl. they eyes are 
  remarkably large and prominant, the iris of a pale goald colour and iris 
  circular and of a deep sea green. the beak is short and wide at it's base. 
  the upper chap is much curved at the extremity and comes down over and in 
  front of the under chap. this bird is about the size of the largest 
  hooting Owl. the tail is composed of eleven feathers, of which those in 
  the center are reather the longest. it is booted to the extremity of the 
  toes, of which it has four on each foot, one in the rear one on the outer 
  side and two in front. the toes are short particularly that in rear, but 
  are all armed with long keen curved nails of a dark brown colour. the beak 
  is white and nostrils circular large and unconnected. the habits and the 
  note of this owl is much that of the common large hooting owl. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1418-1806-05-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday May 28th 1806 We sent Goodrich to the Village of the broken Arm 
  for hair to Stuff Saddle pads. Jo# & R# Fields Set out this morning to 
  hunt towards the mountains. at noon Shabono York and Lapage returned. they 
  had obtained 4 bags of the dried roots of Cowse and Some bread. in the 
  evening Collins, Shannon & Cotter returned with 8 deer. they 
  fortunately discovered a ford on Collin's Creek where they were enable to 
  pass it with there horses and had hunted at the quawmash Grounds where we 
  first met with the Chopunnish last fall. deer were verry abundant they 
  informed us, but there was not many bear. The Sick Chief is much better 
  this morning he can use his hands and arms and Seems much pleased with the 
  prospects of recovering, he Says he feels much better than he has done for 
  a great Number of Months. I Sincerly wish that the Swetts may restore him. 
  I have Consented to repeet the Sweets. 
  = 
  The Country along the rocky mountains for Several hundred Miles in length 
  and about 50 in width is leavel extremely fertile and in many parts 
  Covered with a tall and opult. growth of the long leafed pine. near the 
  Watercourses the hills are lofty tho are covered with a good Soil and not 
  remarkably Stoney and possess more timber than the leavel country. the 
  bottom lands on the Water courses are reather narrow and confined tho 
  fertile and Seldom inundated. this Country would form an extensive 
  Settlement; the Climate appears quit as mild as that of a Similar latitude 
  on the Atlantic Coast; & it cannot be otherwise than healthy; it 
  possesses a fine dry pure air. the grass and maney plants are now upwards 
  of Knee high. I have no doubt that this tract of Country if Cultivated 
  would produce in great abundance every article esentially necessary to the 
  comfort and Subsistence of civillized man. to it's present inhabitents 
  nature Seems to have dealt with a liberal hand, for she has distributed a 
  great variety of esculent plants over the face of the Country which 
  furnish them a plentiful Store of provisions; those are acquired but 
  little toil; and when prepared after the method of the nativs afford not 
  only a nutricious but an agreeable food. among other roots those Called by 
  them the Quawmash and Cows are esteemd. the most agreeable and valuable as 
  they are also the most abundant in those high plains. 
  = 
  The Cows is a knobbed root of an erregularly rounded form not unlike the 
  Gensang in form and Consistence; this root they Collect, rub off a thin 
  black rhind which Covers it and pounding it exposes it in cakes to the 
  Sun. these Cakes are about an inch and 1/4 thick and 6 by 18 in wedth, 
  when dry they either eat this bread alone without any further preperation, 
  or boil it and make a thick Musilage; the latter is most common & much 
  the most agreeable. the flower of this root is not very unlike the 
  gensang. this root they Collect as early as the Snow disappears in the 
  Spring, and Continues to collect it untill the Quawmash Supplies it's 
  place which happins about the Middle of June. the quawmash is also 
  Collected for a fiew weeks after it first makes it's appearance in the 
  Spring, but when the scape appears it is no longer fit for use untill the 
  Seed are ripe which happens about the time just mentioned. and then the 
  Cows declines. The Cows is also frequently dried in the Sun and pounded 
  afterwards and used in thickening Supe and Makeing Mush. 
  = 
  The Chopunnish held a Council in the morning of the 12th among themselves 
  in respect to the Subject on which we had Spoken to them the day before, 
  the result as we learnt was favourable, they placed Confidence in the 
  information they had recived and resolved to pursue our advise. after this 
  Council was over the principal Chief or the broken arm, took the flour of 
  the roots of Cows and thickened the Soup in the Kitiles and baskets of all 
  his people, this being ended he made a harangue the purpote of which was 
  makeing known the deliberations of their councils and impressing the 
  necessity of unanimity among them, and a strict attention to the 
  resolution which had been agreed on in Councell; he concluded by enviting 
  all such men as had resolved to abide by the decree of the councill to 
  come and eat, and requested Such as would not be So bound to Show 
  themselves by not partakeing of the feast. I was told by one of our men 
  who was present in the house, that there was not a decenting voice on this 
  great National question, but all Swallowed their objections if any they 
  had, very cheerfully with their mush. dureing the time of this loud 
  animated harangue of the Chief the women Cryed wrung their hands, tore 
  their hair and appeared to be in the utmost distress. after this cerimoney 
  was over, the Chiefs and considerate men came in a body to where we were 
  Seated at a little distance from our tent, and two young men at the 
  instance of the nation presented Capt L# and myself each a fine horse. and 
  informed us that they had listened with attentioned to what we had Said 
  and were resolved to pursue our Counsels &c# ¬ That as we had not 
  seen the Black foot Indians and the Minetarries of Fort dePrarie they did 
  not think it safe to venter over to the plains of the Missouri, where they 
  would fondly go provided those nations would not kill them. that when we 
  had established a tradeing house on the Missouri as we had promised they 
  would Come over and trade for arms Amunition &c# and live about us. 
  that it would give them much pleasure to be at peace with those nations 
  altho they had Shed much of their blood. They Said that they were pore 
  but their hearts were good. we might be assured of their sincerety. Some 
  of their brave men would go over with us to the Missouri and bring them 
  the news as we wished, and if we Could make a peace between them and their 
  enimies on the other Side of the mountains their nation would go over to 
  the Missouri in the latter end of the Summer. on the Subject of one of 
  their Chiefs accompanying us to the land of the White men they Could not 
  yet determine, but that they would let us know before we left them. that 
  the Snow was yet so deep in the Mountains that if we attempted to pass, we 
  would Certainly perish, and advised us to remain untill after the next 
  full Moon when the Snow would disappear on the South hill sides and we 
  would find grass for our horses. . Shabonos Child is better this day that 
  he was yesterday. he is free from fever. the imposthume is not So large 
  but Seems to be advanceing to meturity. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1419-1806-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday May 29th 1806. No movement of the party today worthy of notice. 
  we have once more a good stock of meat and roots. Bratton is recovering 
  his strength very fast; the Child and the Indian Cheif are also on the 
  recovery. the cheif has much more uce of his hands and arms. he washed his 
  face himself today which he has been unable to do previously for more than 
  twelvemonths. we would have repeated the sweat today had not been cloudy 
  and frequently raining. a speceis of Lizzard called by the French engages 
  prarie buffaloe are native of these plains as well as of those of the 
  Missouri. I have called them the horned Lizzard. they are about the size 
  and a good deel the figure of the common black lizzard. but their bellies 
  are broader, the tail shorter and their action much slower; they crawl 
  much like the toad. they are of brown colour with yellowish and 
  yellowishbrown spots. it is covered with minute scales intermixed with 
  little horny prosesses like blont prickles on the upper surface of the 
  body. the belley and throat is more like the frog and are of a light 
  yelowish brown colour. arround the edge of the belley is regularly set 
  with little horney projections which give to those edges a serrate figure 
  the eye is small and of a dark colour. above and behind the eyes there are 
  several projections of the bone which being armed at their extremities 
  with a firm black substance has the appearance of horns sprouting out from 
  the head. this part has induced me to distinguish it by the apppellation 
  of the horned Lizzard. I cannot conceive how the engages ever assimilated 
  this animal with the buffaloe for there is not greater analogy than 
  between the horse and the frog. this animal is found in greatest numbers 
  in the sandy open parts of the plains, and appear in great abundance after 
  a shower of rain; they are sometimes found basking in the sunshine but 
  conceal themselves in little holes in the earth much the greater 
  preportion of their time. they are numerous about the falls of the 
  Missouri and in the plains through which we past lately above the 
  Wallahwallahs. The Choke Cherry has been in blume since the 20th 
  inst# it is a simple branching ascending stem. the cortex smooth and of a 
  dark brown with a redish cast. the leaf is scattered petiolate oval accute 
  at its apex finely serrate smooth and of an ordinary green. from 11/2 to 3 
  inches in length and 13/4 to 2 in width. the peduncles are common, 
  cilindric, and from 4 to 5 inches in length and are inserted promiscuously 
  on the twigs of the preceeding years growth. on the lower portion of the 
  common peduncle are frequently from 3 to 4 small leaves being the same in 
  form as those last discribed. other peduncles 1/4 of an inch in length are 
  thickly scattered and inserted on all sides of the common peduncle at 
  wright angles with it each elivating a single flower, which has five 
  obtuse short patent white petals with short claws inserted on the upper 
  edge of the calyx. the calyx is a perianth including both stamens and 
  germ, one leafed fine cleft entire simiglobular, infrior, deciduous. the 
  stamens are upwards of twenty and are seated on the margin of the flower 
  cup or what I have called the perianth. the filaments are unequal in 
  length subulate inflected and superior membranous. the anthers are equal 
  in number with the filaments, they are very short oblong & flat, naked 
  and situated at the extremity of the filaments, is of a yelow colour as is 
  also the pollen. one pistillum. the germen is ovate, smooth, superior, 
  sessile, very small; the Style is very short, simple, erect, on the top of 
  the germen, deciduous. the stigma is simple, flat very short. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1420-1806-05-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 29th of May 1806 No movement of the party to day worthy of 
  notice. we have once more a good Stock of Meat and roots. Bratten is 
  recovering his Strength very fast. the Child, and the Indian Cheaf are 
  also on the recovery. the Chief has much more use of his hands and arms. 
  he washed his face himself today. Which he has not been able to do 
  previously for more than twelve months past. I would have repeeted the 
  Sweat to day had it not been Cloudy and frequently raining. . Sence my 
  arrival here I have killed Several birds of the Corvus genus of a kind 
  found only in the rocky mountains and their neighbourhood. I first met 
  with bird on Jeffersons River. and Saw them on the hights of the rocky 
  mountains. but never before had an oppertunity of examineing them Closely. 
  the Small Corvus discribed at Fort Clatsop is a different Species, tho 
  untill now I had taken it to be the Same, this is much larger and has a 
  loud squaling note something like the newing of a Cat. the beak of this 
  bird is 11/2 inches long, is proportionably large, black and of the form 
  which characterize this genus. the upper exeeds the under Chap a little. 
  the head and neck are also propotionably large, the eyes full and reather 
  prominant, the iris dark brown and purple black. it is about the Size and 
  Some what the form of the jay bird, tho reather rounder and more full in 
  the body. the tail is four and a half inches in length, composed of 12 
  feathers nearly of the Same length. the head, neck and body of this bird 
  is of a dove Colour. the wings are black except the extremities of Six 
  large feathers occupying the middle joint of the wings which are White. 
  the under disk of the wings are not of the shineing or glossy black which 
  mark it's upper Surface. the two feathers in the Center of the tail are 
  black as are the two adjacent feathers for half their wedth, the ballance 
  are of a pure White. the feet and legs are black, and imbricated with wide 
  Scales, the nails are black and remarkably long and Sharp, also much 
  Curved, it has four toes on each foot of which one is in the rear and 3 in 
  front. the toes are long particular that in the rear. this bird feeds on 
  the Seeds of the pine and also on insects. it resides in the rocky 
  Mountains at all Seasons of the year, and in many parts is the only bird 
  to be found. a Species of Lizzard Called by the French engages, Prarie 
  buffaloe are nativs of these plains as well as those of the Missouri. I 
  have Called them the horned Lizzard. they are about the Size and a good 
  deel the figure of the Common black lizzard. but their bellies are 
  broader, the tail Shorter and their action much Slower; they Crawl much 
  like the toad. they are of a brown Colour with yellowish and yellowish 
  brown Spots. it is covered with minute scales intermixed with little 
  horney like blunt prickkles on the upper Surface of the body. the belly 
  and throat is more like the frog and are of a light yellowish brown 
  Colour. around the edge of the belly is regularly Set with little horney 
  prejections which give to those edges a Serrate figure, the eye is Small 
  and of a dark colour. above and behind the eyes there are Several 
  Projections of the bone which being armed at their extremities with a firm 
  black Substance has the appearance of horns Sprouting out from the head. 
  this part has induced me to distinguish it by the appellation of the 
  Horned Lizard. I cannot conceive how the engagees ever assimilated this 
  animal withe Buffalow for there is not grater anology than between the 
  Horse and the frog. this Animal is found in greatest numbers in the Sandy 
  open parts of the Plains, and appear in great abundance after a rain; they 
  are Sometimes found basking in the Sunshine but conceal themselves in 
  little holes under the tufts of grass or herbs much the greater proportion 
  of their time. they are noumerous about the Falls of Missouri, and in the 
  plains through which we passed lately above the Falls of Columbia 
  = 
  The Choke Cherry has been in blume Since the 20th inst#. it is a Simple 
  branching ascending Stem. the Cortex Smooth and of a dark brown with a 
  redish Cast. the leaf is scattered petiolate oval accute at it's apex 
  finely Serated Smooth and of an ordinary green, from 21/2 to 3 inches in 
  length and from 11/4 to 2 in width. the Peduncles cilindric and Common 
  from 4 to 5 inches in length and are inserted promiscuisly on the twigs of 
  the proceeding years growth. on the lower portion of the Common peduncle 
  are frequently from 3 to 4 Small leaves, being the same in form as those 
  last discribed. other peduncles 1/4 of an inch in length are Scattered and 
  thickly inserted on all sides of the Common peduncle at right~angles with 
  it, each elivateing a Single flower, which has five obtuse Short patent 
  white petals with Short claws incerted on the upper edge of the calyx. the 
  Calyx is a perianth including both Stemes & germ, one leafed five 
  cleft entire, Semi globular. the Stamons are upwards of twenty and are 
  Seated on the Margin of the flower Cup or what I have Called the perianth. 
  the filaments are unequal in length Subulate inflected and Superior 
  membranous. the anthers are equal in number with the filaments, they are 
  very Short oblong and flat, naked and Situated at the extremity of the 
  filaments. is of a yellowish colour asis also the pollen. one pistillum. 
  the germin is ovate, Smooth, Superior, sessile, very Small; the Style is 
  very Short, Simple, erect, on the top of the germen deciduous. the Stigma 
  is Simple, flat very Short. This Shrub rises to the hight of from 6 to 8 
  feet generally but Sometimes rich Situations much higher. it is not 
  confined to any particular Situation Capt# L~s met with a singular plant 
  in blume of which we preserved a Specimene. it grows on the Steep fertile 
  hill Sides near this place the radix is fibrous, not much branched, 
  annual, woody, white and nearly Smooth. the Stem is Simple branching 
  ascending 21/2 feet high. Celindric, villose and of a pale red Colour. the 
  branches are but fiew and those near it's upper extremity. the extremities 
  of the branches are flexable and are bent down near their extremities with 
  the weight of the flowers. the leaf is sessile, scattered thinly, nearly 
  lineor tho Somewhat widest in the middle, two inches in length, absolutely 
  entire, villose, obtusely pointed and of an Ordinary green. above each 
  leaf a Small Short branch protrudes, Supporting a tissue of four or five 
  Small leaves of the Same appearance of those discribed. a leaf is placed 
  under neath each branch and each flower. the Calyx is one flowered Spatha. 
  the corolla Superior, consists of four pale perple petals which are 
  tripartite, the Centeral lobe largest and all terminate obtusely; they are 
  inserted with a long and narrow claw on the top of the germ, are long, 
  Smooth and deciduous. there are two distinct Sets of Stamens the first or 
  principal Consists of four, the filaments which are capillary, erect, 
  inserted on the top of the germ alternately with the petals, equal short, 
  membranus; the anthers are also four each being elivated with it's 
  fillaments; they are reather flat, erect sessile, cohering to the base, 
  membranous, longitudinally furrowed, twise as long as the fillament naked, 
  and of a pale purple colour, the Second Set of Stamens are very minute, 
  are also four and placed within and opposit to the petals, those are 
  Scercely precptable while the first are large & Conspicious, the 
  fillaments are capillary equal, very Short white and Smooth. the anthers 
  are four, oblong, beaked, erect Cohering at the base, membanous, Shorter 
  than the fillaments, White naked and appear not to form pollen, there is 
  one pistillum; the germ of which is also one, celindric, villous, 
  inferior, Sessile, as long as the first Stamuns, and grooved. the Single 
  Style and Stigma form a perfect mono petallous corolla only with this 
  difference that the Style which elivates the Stigma or limb is not a tube 
  but solid tho it's outer appearance is that of a tube of a Monopetallous 
  corolla swelling as it ascends and gliding in such manner into the limb 
  that it Cannot be Said where the Style ends or the Stigma begins, jointly 
  they are as long as the Gorilla, while the limb is four cleft, Sauser 
  Shaped, and the margin of the lobes entire and rounded. this has the 
  appearance of a monopetallous flower growing from the Center of the four 
  petalled corollar which is rendered more conspicuous in consequence of the 
  first being white and the latter of a pale purple. I regret very much that 
  the Seed of this plant are not ripe as yet and it is probable will not be 
  so dureing our residence in this neighbourhood. our Horses maney of them 
  have become So wild that we Cannot take them without the assistance of the 
  indians who are extreemly dextrous in throwing a Rope and takeing them 
  with a noose about the neck; as we frequently want the use of our horses 
  when we cannot get the use of the indians to take them, we had a Strong 
  pound formed to day in order to take them at pleasure ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1421-1806-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday May 30th 1806. Lapage and Charbono set out to the indian vilages 
  early this morning for the purpose of trading with them for roots; Sergt# 
  Gass was sent this morning to obtain some goats hair to stuff the padds of 
  our saddles. he ascended the river on this side and being unable to pass 
  the river opposite to the village he wished to visit, returned in the 
  evening unsuccessfull. Shannon and Collins were permitted to pass the 
  river in order to trade with the natives and lay in a store of roots and 
  bread for themselves with their proportion of the merchandize as the 
  others had done; in landing on the opposite shore the canoe was driven 
  broad side with the full forse of a very strong current against some 
  standing trees and instantly filled with water and sunk. Potts who was 
  with them is an indifferent swimer, it was with much difficulty he made 
  the land. they lost three blankets a blanket coat and their pittance of 
  merchandize. in our bear state of clootheing this was a serious loss. I 
  sent Sergt# Pryor and a party over with the indian canoe in order to raise 
  and secure ours but the debth of the water and the strength of the current 
  baffled every effort. I fear that we have also lost our canoe. all our 
  invalides are on the recovery. we gave the sick Cheif a severe sweat 
  today, shortly after which he could move one of his legs and thyes and 
  work his toes pretty well, the other leg he can move a little; his fingers 
  and arms seem to be almost entirely restored. he seems highly delighted 
  with his recovery. I begin to entertain strong hope of his restoration by 
  these sweats. in the evening Joseph Feild returned in surch of his horses 
  which had left them last evening and returned to camp. Feilds informed us 
  that himself and his brother whom he had left at their camp 6 ms# distant 
  on Collin's creek, had killed 3 deer. The reptiles which I have observed 
  in this quarter are the Rattlesnake of the speceis discribed on the 
  Missouri, they are abundant in every part of the country and are the only 
  poisonous snake which we have yet met with since we left St# Louis. the 2 
  speceis of snakes of an inosent kind already discribed. the common black 
  lizzard, the horned lizzard, a smal green tree frog, the smal frog which 
  is common to our country which sings in the spring of the year, a large 
  speceis of frog which resorts the water considerably larger than our bull 
  frog, it's shape seems to be a medium between the delicate and lengthy 
  form of our bull frog and that of our land frog or toad as they are 
  sometimes called in the U States. like the latter their bodies are covered 
  with little pustles or lumps, elivated above the ordinary surface of the 
  body; I never heard them make any sound or nois. the mockerson snake or 
  coperhead, a number of vipers a variety of lizzards, the toad bullfrog 
  &c common to the U States are not to be found in this country. most of 
  the insects common to the U States are found here. the butterflies, common 
  house and blowing flies, the horse flies, except the goald coloured ear 
  fly, tho in stead of this fly we have a brown coloured fly about the same 
  size which attatches itself to that part of the horse and is equally as 
  troublesome. the silkworm is also found here. a great variety of beatles 
  common to the Atlantic states are found here likewise. except from this 
  order the large cow beatle and the black beatle usually alled the tumble 
  bug which are not found here. the hornet, the wasp and yellow wasp or 
  yellow jacket as they are frequently called are not met with in this 
  quarter. there is an insect which much resembles the latter only a vast 
  deel larger which are very numerous particularly in the rocky mountains on 
  the waters of the Columbia; these build in the ground where they form a 
  nest like the hornet with an outer covering to the comb in which they 
  deposit their eggs and raise their young. the sheets of this comb are 
  attatched to each other as those of the hornets are. their wings are four 
  of a dark brown colour. the head is black, the body and abdomen are yellow 
  incircled with transverse rings of black, they are ferce and sting very 
  severely, we found them troublesome in frightening our horses as we passed 
  those mountains. the honey bee is not found here. the bumble bee is. one 
  of the men brought me today some onions from the high plain of a different 
  speceis from those near the borders of the river as they are also from the 
  shive or small onion noticed below the falls of the Columbia. these onions 
  were as large as a nutmeg, they generally grow double or two bulbs 
  connected by the same tissue of radicles; each bulb has two long liniar 
  flat solid leaves. the peduncle is solid celindric and crowned with an 
  umbal of from 20 to 30 flowers. this onion is exceedingly crisp and 
  delicately flavoured indeed I think more sweet and less strong than any I 
  ever taisted. it is not yet perfectly in blow, the parts of the flower are 
  not distinct. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1422-1806-05-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday May 30th 1806. Lapage and Shabono Set out early this morning to the 
  Indian Village in order to trade with them for roots; Serjt# Gass was Sent 
  this morning to obtain Some goats hair to Stuf the pads of our Saddles; he 
  assended the river on this Side and being unable to pass the river to the 
  village he wished to visit returned in the evening unsucksessfull. Shannon 
  and Collins were permited to pass the river in order to trade with the 
  nativs and lay in a Store of roots and bread for themselves with their 
  proportion of the merchendize as others had done; on landing on the 
  opposit Shore the Canoe was driven broad Side with the full force of a 
  very Strong Current against Some Standing trees and instantly filled with 
  water and Sunk. Potts who was with them is an indifferent Swimer, it was 
  with dificuelty he made the land. they lost three blankets and a Blanket 
  Cappo and their pittance of Merchindize. in our bear State of Clothing 
  this was a Serious loss. I Sent Serjt# Pryor and a party over in the 
  Indian Canoe in order to raise and Secure ours but the debth of the water 
  and the Strength of the Current baffled every effort. I fear that we have 
  also lost our Canoe.all our involedes are on the recovery. we gave the 
  Sick Chief a Severe Swet to day, Shortly after which he could move one of 
  his legs and thy's and work his toes pritty well, the other leg he can 
  move a little; his fingers and arms Seem to be almost entirely restored. 
  he Seems highly delighted with his recovery. I begin to entertain Strong 
  hope of his recovering by these Sweats in the evening Joseph Fields 
  returned in serch of his horses which had left them last evening and 
  returned to Camp. Field informed us that himself and his brother whome he 
  had left at their Camp 6 ms# distant on Collins Creek had killed 3 Deer. The 
  reptiles which I have observed in this quarter are the Rattle Snake of the 
  Species discribed on the Missouri, they are abundant in every part of the 
  Country and are the only poisonous Snake which we have met with Since we 
  left St# Louis. the Second Species of Snake of an inosent kind already 
  discribd. the Common black Lizzard, the horned Lizzard, a small green 
  tree~frog; the Same frog which is common to our Country which Sings in the 
  Spring of the year. a large Species of frog which resorts the water 
  considerably larger than our bull~frog, it's Shape Seems to be a Medium 
  between the delicate and lengthy form of our bullfrogs and that of our 
  land frog or toad as they are Sometimes called in the United States. like 
  the latter their bodies are covered with little pustles or lumps, elevated 
  above the ordinary Surface of the body; I never heard them make any Sound 
  or noise, the Mockerson Snake or Copper head, a number of vipers, a 
  variety of Lizzards, the toad bullfrog &c# common to the U# States are 
  not to be found in this Country. Most of the insects common to the U 
  States are found here. the butterfly, common house and blowing flies, the 
  horse flies, except the gold coloured ear fly. tho in Stead of this fly we 
  have a brown coloured fly about the same Size which attatches itself to 
  that part of the horse and is equally as troublesom. the Silk worm is also 
  found here. a great variety of beatles common to the atlantic States are 
  Seen here likewise. except from this order the large Cow beatle and the 
  black beatle usially termed tumble bug which are not found here. the 
  hornet, the Wasp and yellow Wasp or yellow jacket as they are frequently 
  Called are not met with in this quarter. there is an insect which much 
  resembles the latter only a vast deel larger which are very noumerous 
  particular in the Rocky mountains on the waters of the Columbia, those 
  build in the ground where they form a nest like the hornet with an outer 
  covering to the Comb in which they deposit their eggs and raise their 
  young. the Sheets of this Comb are attatched to each other as those of the 
  hornets are. their wings are four of a dark brown Colour ¬ the head is 
  black, the body and abdomin are yellow insercled with transverce rings of 
  black, they are firce and Sting very Severely; we found them troublesom in 
  frightening our horses as we passed through mountains. the honey bee is 
  not found here. the bumblebee is. one of the men brought me to day Some 
  Onions from the high plains of a different Species from those near the 
  borders of the river as they are also from the Shive or Small Onion 
  noticed below the Falls of Columbia. these Onions were as large as an 
  nutmeg, they generally grow double or two bulbs connected by the same 
  tissue of radicles; each bulb has two long liner flat solid leaves. the 
  pedencle is solid celindric and cround with an umble of from 20 to 30 
  flowers. this Onion is exceedingly crisp and delicately flavoured indeed. 
  I think more Sweet and less strong than any I ever tasted, it is not yet 
  perfectly in blume, the parts of the flower are not distinct 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1423-1806-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday May 31st 1806. Goodrich and Willard visited the indian Villages 
  this morning and returned in the evening. Willard brought with him the 
  dressed skin of a bear which he had purchased for Capt# C# this skin was 
  an uniform pale redish brown colour, the indians informed us that it was 
  not the Hoh~host or white bear, that it was the Yack~kah. this distinction 
  of the indians induced us to make further enquiry relative to their 
  opinons of the several speceis of bear in this country. we produced the 
  several skins of the bear which we had killed at this place and one very 
  nearly white which I had purchased. The white, the deep and plale red 
  grizzle, the dark bron grizzle, and all those which had the extremities of 
  the hair of a white or frosty colour without regard to the colour of the 
  ground of the poil, they designated Hoh~host and assured us that they were 
  the same with the white bear, that they ascosiated together, were very 
  vicisious, never climbed the trees, and had much longer nails than the 
  others. the black skins, those which were black with a number of intire 
  white hairs intermixed, the black with a white breast, the uniform bey, 
  brown and light redish brown, they designated the Yack~kah; said that they 
  climbed the trees, had short nails and were not vicious, that they could 
  pursue them and kill them with safety, they also affirmed that they were 
  much smaller than the white bear. I am disposed to adopt the Indian 
  distinction with rispect to these bear and consider them two distinct 
  speceis. the white and the grizzly of this neighbourhood are the same of 
  those found on the upper portion of the Missouri where the other speceis 
  are not, and that the uniform redish brown black &c of this 
  neighbourhood are a speceis distinct from our black bear and from the 
  black bear of the Pacific coast which I believe to be the same with those 
  of the Atlantic coast, and that the common black bear do not exist here. I 
  had previously observed that the claws of some of the bear which we had 
  killed here had much shorter tallons than the variagated or white bear 
  usually have but supposed that they had woarn them out by scratching up 
  roots, and these were those which the indians called Yak~kah. on enquiry I 
  found also that a cub of an uniform redish brown colour, pup to a female 
  black bear intermixed with entire white hairs had climbed a tree. I think 
  this a distinct speceis from the common black bear, because we never find 
  the latter of any other colour than an uniform black, and also that the 
  poil of this bear is much finer thicker and longer with a greater 
  proportion of fur mixed with the hair, in other ispects they are much the 
  same. This evening Joseph and R# Feilds returned with the three deer 
  which they had killed. The Indians brought us another of our origional 
  Stock of horses; there are only two absent now of those horses, and these 
  the indians inform us that our shoshone guide rode back when he returned. 
  we have sixty five horses at this time, most of them in excellent order 
  and fine strong active horses. 
  = 
  The Indians pursued a mule deer to the river opposite to our camp this 
  evening; the deer swam over and one of our hunters killed it. there being 
  a large party of indians assembled on this occasion on the opposite side, 
  Hohast~ill~pilp desired them to raise our canoe which was sunk on that 
  side of the river yesterday; they made the attempt but were unable to 
  effect it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1424-1806-05-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  May 31, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday May 31st 1806 Goodrich and Willard visited the indian Village 
  this morning and returned in the evening Willard brought with him the 
  dressed Skin of a bear which he had purchased for me. this Skin was of a 
  uniform pale redish brown colour, the indians inform us that it was not 
  the Hoh~host or white bear, that it was the Yack~kah this distinction of 
  the indians induced us to make further enquiry relitive to their oppinions 
  of the defferent Species of bear in this country. We produced the Several 
  Skins of the bear which our hunters had killed at this place and one very 
  nearly white which Capt Lewis had purchased. the White, the deep and pale 
  red grizzle, the dark brown grizzle, and all those that had the 
  extremities of the hair of a White or frosty Colour without reguard to the 
  Colour of the ground of the poil, they disignated Hoh~host and assured us 
  that they were the Same with the White bear, that they associated 
  together, were very vicisious, never climb the trees, and had much longer 
  nails than the others. The black skins, those which were black with a 
  number of entire white hairs intermixed, the black with a White breast, 
  the uniform bey, brown and light redish brown, they disignated the 
  Yack~kah; Said that they Climb the trees had Short nails and were not 
  viscisious, that they could prosue them and kill them in Safty, they also 
  affirmed that they were much Smaller than the white bear. I am disposed to 
  adopt the Indians distinction with respect to these bear and consider them 
  two distinct Species. the White and the Grizzly of this neighbourhood are 
  the Same as those found on the upper part of the Missouri where the other 
  Species are not, and that the uniform redish brown black &c# of this 
  neighbourhood are a Species distinct from both Species of our black bear 
  and from the black bear of the Pacific Coast which I believe to be the 
  Same with those of the Atlantic Coast, and that the Common black bear do 
  not exist here. I had previously observed that the claws of Some of the 
  bear which we had killed here had much Shorter tallons than the varigated 
  or White bear usially have but Supposed that they had worn them out by 
  scratching out roots, and these were those which the indians call Yahkah. 
  on enquiry I found also that a Cub of a uniform redish brown Colour pup to 
  a female black bear intermixed with entire white hairs, had climbed a 
  tree. I think this a distinct Species from the common black bear becaus we 
  never find the latter of any other Colour than a uniform black, and also 
  that the poil of this bear is much finer thicker and longer with a greater 
  proportion of fur mixed with the hair, in other respects they are much the 
  same 
  = 
  This evening, Joseph and Reuben Fields returned with the three deer they 
  had killed. The indians brought us another of our Original Stock of 
  Horses; there are only two Absent now of these horses, and these the 
  indians inform us that our Sho~Sho~ne guide rode back when he returned. we 
  have Sixty five horses at this time, most of them in excellent order and 
  fine Strong active horses 
  = 
  The Indians pursued a Mule deer to the river opposit to our Camp this 
  evening; the deer Swam over and one of our hunters killed it. there being 
  a large party of indians assembled on this Occasion on the opposit Side 
  with Tin~nach~e~moo~tolt they attempted to rais our Canoe which was Sunk 
  on that Side of the river yesterday; they made the attempt but were unable 
  to effect it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1425-1806-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 1st 1806. Yesterday evening Charbono an LaPage returned, 
  having made a broken voyage. they ascended the river on this side nearly 
  opposite to a village eight miles above us, here their led horse which had 
  on him their merchandize, feell into the river from the side of a steep 
  clift and swam over; they saw an indian on the opposite side whom they 
  prevailed on to drive their horse back again to them; in swiming the river 
  the horse lost a dressed Elkskin of LaPages and several small articles, 
  & their paint was destroyed by the water. here they remained and dryed 
  their articles the evening of the 30th Ult. the indians at the village 
  learning their errand and not having a canoe, made an attempt esterday 
  morning to pass the river to them on a raft with a parsel of roots and 
  bread in order to trade with them; the indian raft struck a rock, upset 
  and lost thir cargo; the river having fallen heir to both merchandize and 
  roots, our traders returned with empty bags. This morning Drewyer 
  accompanyed by Hohastillpilp set out in surch of two tomahawks of ours 
  which we have understood were in the possession of certain indians 
  residing at a distance in the plains on the South side of the Kooskoske; 
  the one is a tomahawk which Capt# C# left at our camp on Musquetoe Creek 
  and the other was stolen from us while we lay at the forks of this and the 
  Chopunnish rivers last fall. Colter and Willard set out this morning on a 
  hunting excurtion towards the quamash grounds beyond Collins's Creek. we 
  begin to feel some anxiety with rispect to Sergt# Ordway and party who 
  were sent to Lewis's river for salmon; we have received no inteligence of 
  them since they set out. we desired Drewyer to make some enquiry after the 
  Twisted hair; the old man has not been as good as his word with rispect to 
  encamping near us, and we fear we shall be at a loss to procure guides to 
  conduct us by the different routs we wish to pursue from Traveller's rest 
  to the waters of the Missouri. I met with a singular plant today in 
  blume of which I preserved a specemine; it grows on the steep sides of the 
  fertile hills near this place, the radix is fibrous, not much branched, 
  annual, woody, white and nearly smooth. the stem is simple branching 
  ascending, 21/2 feet high celindric, villose and of a pale red colour. the 
  branches are but few and those near it's upper extremity. the extremities 
  of the branches are flexable and are bent down near their extremities with 
  the weight of the flowers. the leaf is sissile, scattered thinly, nearly 
  linear tho somewhat widest in the middle, two inches in length, absolutely 
  entire, villose, obtusely pointed and of an ordinary green. above each 
  leaf a small short branch protrudes, supporting a tissue of four or five 
  smaller leaves of the same appearance with those discribed. a leaf is 
  placed underneath eah branch, and each flower. the calyx is a one flowered 
  spathe. the corolla superior consists of four pale perple petals which are 
  tripartite, the central lobe largest and all terminate obtusely; they are 
  inserted with a long and narrow claw on the top of the germ, are long, 
  smooth, & deciduous. there are two distinct sets of stamens the 1st or 
  principal consist of four, the filaments of which are capillary, erect, 
  inserted on the top of the germ alternately with the petals, equal short, 
  membranous; the anthers are also four each being elivated with it's 
  fillament, they are linear and reather flat, erect sessile, cohering at 
  the base, membranous, longitudinally furrowed, twise as long as the 
  fillament naked, and of a pale perple colour. the second set of stamens 
  are very minute are also four and placed within and opposite to the 
  petals, these are scarcely persceptable while the 1st are large and 
  conspicuous; the filaments are capillary equal, very short, white and 
  smooth. the anthers are four, oblong, beaked, erect, cohering at the base, 
  membranous, shorter than the fillaments, white naked and appear not to 
  form pollen. there is one pistillum; the germ of which is also one, 
  cilindric, villous, inferior, sessile, as long as the 1st stamens, and 
  marked with 8 longitudinal furrows. the single style and stigma form a 
  perfict monapetallous corolla only with this difference, that the style 
  which elivates the stigma or limb is not a tube but solid tho it's outer 
  appearance is that of the tube of a monopetallous corolla swelling as it 
  ascends and gliding in such manner into the limb that it cannot be said 
  where the style ends, or the stigma begins; jointly they are as long as 
  the corolla, white, the limb is four cleft, sauser shaped, and the margins 
  of the lobes entire and rounded. this has the appearance of a 
  monopetallous flower growing from the center of a four petalled corollar, 
  which is rendered more conspicuous in consequence of the 1st being white 
  and the latter of a pale perple. I regret very much that the seed of this 
  plant are not yet ripe and it is proble will not be so during my residence 
  in this neighbourhood. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1426-1806-06-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday June 1st 1806. Late last evening Shabono & Lapage returnd. 
  haveing made a broken voyage. they assended the river on this Side nearly 
  opposit to the Village Eight miles above us, here their led horse who had 
  on him their Stock of Merchindize fell into the river from the Side of a 
  Steep Clift and swam over, they Saw an indian on the opposit side whome 
  they provailed on to drive their horse back again to them; in swiming the 
  horse lost a dressed Elk skin of LaPages and Several small articles, and 
  their paint was distroyed by the water. here they remained and dryed their 
  articles the evening of the 30th ulto# the indians at the village learned 
  their errand and not haveing a canoe, made an attempt Yesterday morning 
  made an attempt to pass the river to them on a raft with a parcel of roots 
  and bread in order to trade with them; the indian raft Struck a rock upset 
  and lost their Cargo; the river haveing Swallowed both Merchindize & 
  roots, our traders returned with empty bags. This morning Geo. Drewyer 
  accompanied by Hohastillpilp Set out in Serch of two tomahawks of ours 
  which we have understood were in the possession of certain indians 
  resideing at a distance in the Plains on the South Side of Flat Head 
  river; one is a pipe tomahawk which Capt L# left at our Camp on Musquetor 
  Creek and the other was stolen from me whilst we lay at the forks of this 
  and Chopunnish rivers last fall. Colter and Willard Set out this morning 
  on a hunting excurtion towards the quawmash grounds beyond Colins creek. 
  we begin to feel Some anxiety with respect to Sergt# Ordway and party who 
  were Sent to Lewis's river for salmon; we have receved no intillegence of 
  them Sence they Set out. we desired Drewyer to make Some enquiry after the 
  Twisted hair; the old man has not been as good as his word with respect to 
  encamping near us, and we fear we Shall be at a loss to procure guides to 
  conduct us by the different routs we wish to pursue from Travillers rest 
  to the waters of the Missouri 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1427-1806-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 2cd 1806. McNeal and york were sent on a trading voyage over 
  the river this morning. having exhausted all our merchandize we are 
  obliged to have recourse to every subterfuge in order to prepare in the 
  most ample manner in our power to meet that wretched portion of our 
  journy, the Rocky Mountain, where hungar and cold in their most rigorous 
  forms assail the waried traveller; not any of us have yet forgotten our 
  sufferings in those mountains in September last, and I think it probable 
  we never shall. Our traders McNeal and York were furnished with the 
  buttons which Capt# C# and myself cut off our coats, some eye water and 
  Basilicon which we made for that purpose and some Phials and small tin 
  boxes which I had brought out with Phosphorus. in the evening they 
  returned with about 3 bushels of roots and some bread having made a 
  successful) voyage, not much less pleasing to us than the return of a good 
  cargo to an East India Merchant. Collins, Sheilds, R & J# Feilds 
  and Shannon set out on a hunting excurtion to the Quawmash grounds on the 
  lower side of Collins's Creek. our horses many of them have become so wild 
  that we cannot take them without the assistance of the Indians who are 
  extreemly dextrous in throwing a rope and taking them with a noose about 
  the neck; as we frequently want the use of our horses when we cannot get 
  the assistance of the indians to take them, we had a strong pound formed 
  today in order to take them at pleasure. Drewyer arrived this evening with 
  Neeshneparkkeeook and Hohastillpilp who had accompanyed him to the lodges 
  of the persons who had our tomahawks. he obtained both the tomahawks 
  principally by the influence of the former of these Cheifs. the one which 
  had been stolen we prized most as it was the private property of the late 
  Sergt# Floyd and Capt# C# was desireous of returning it to his friends. 
  the man who had this tomahawk had purchased it from the Indian that had 
  stolen it, and was himself at the moment of their arrival just expiring. 
  his relations were unwilling to give up the tomehawk as they intended to 
  bury it with the disceased owner, but were at length induced to do so for 
  the consideration of a hadkerchief, two strands of beads, which Drewyer 
  gave them and two horses given by the cheifs to be killed agreeably to 
  their custom at the grave of the disceased. The bands of the Chopunnish 
  who reside above the junction of Lewis's river and the Kooskooske bury 
  their dead in the earth and place stones on the grave. they also stick 
  little splinters of wood in betwen the interstices of the irregular mass 
  of stone piled on the grave and afterwards cover the whole with a roof of 
  board or split timber. the custom of sacreficing horses to the disceased 
  appears to be common to all the nations of the plains of Columbia. a wife 
  of Neeshneeparkkeeook died some short time since, himself and hir 
  relations saceficed 28 horses to her. The Indians inform us that there are 
  a plenty of Moos to the S# E# of them on the East branch of Lewis's river 
  which they call Tommanamah R# about Noon Sergt# Ordway Frazier and Wizer 
  returned with 17 salmon and some roots of cows; the distance was so great 
  from which they had brought the fish that most of them were nearly 
  spoiled. these fish were as fat as any I ever saw; sufficiently so to cook 
  themselves without the addition of grease; those which were sound were 
  extreemly delicious; their flesh is of a fine rose colour with a small 
  admixture of yellow. these men set out on the 27th ult. and in stead of 
  finding the fishing shore at the distance of half a days ride as we had 
  been informed, they did not reach the place at which they obtained their 
  fish untill the evening of the 29th having travelled by their estimate 
  near 70 miles. the rout they had taken however was not a direct one; the 
  Indians conducted them in the first instance to the East branch of Lewis's 
  river about 20 miles above it's junction with the South branch, a distance 
  of about 50 Ms# where they informed them they might obtain fish; but on 
  their arrival at that place finding that the salmon had not yet arrived or 
  were not taken, they were conducted down that river to a fishery a few 
  miles below the junction of the forks of Lewis's river about 20 Ms# 
  further, here with some difficulty and remaining one day they purchased 
  the salmon which they brought with them. the first 20 Ms# of their rout 
  was up Commeap Creek and through a plain open country, the hills of the 
  creek continued high and broken with some timber near it's borders. the 
  ballance of their rout was though a high broken mountanous country 
  generally well timbered with pine the soil fertile in this quarter they 
  met with an abundance of deer and some bighorned animals. the East fork of 
  Lewis's river they discribe as one continued rapid about 150 Yds. wide 
  it's banks are in most places solid and perpendicular rocks, which rise to 
  a great hight; it's hills are mountains high. on the tops of some of those 
  hills over which they passed, the snow had not entirely disappeared, and 
  the grass was just springing up. at the fishery on Lewis's river below the 
  forks there is a very considerable rapid nearly as great from the 
  information of Segt# Ordway as the great falls of the Columbia the river 
  200 Yds. wide. their common house at this fishery is built of split timber 
  150 feet long and 35 feet wide flat at top. The general course from hence 
  to the forks of Lewis's river is a little to the West of south about 45 
  Ms# ¬ The men at this season resort their fisheries while the women 
  are employed in collecting roots. both forks of Lewis's river above their 
  junction appear to enter a high Mountainous country. my sick horse 
  being much reduced and apearing to be in such an agoni of pain that there 
  was no hope of his recovery I ordered him shot this evening. the other 
  horses which we casterated are all nearly recovered, and I have no 
  hesitation in declaring my beleif that the indian method of gelding is 
  preferable to that practiced by ourselves. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1428-1806-06-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday June 2nd 1806 McNeal and York were Sent on a tradeing voyage over 
  the river this morning. having exhosted all our Merchendize we were 
  obliged to have recourse to every Subterfuge in order to prepare in the 
  most ample manner in our power to meet that wretched portion of our 
  journy, the Rocky Mountains, where hungar and Cold in their most regorous 
  form assail the waried traveller; not any of us have yet forgotten our 
  those mountains in September last, I think it probable we never Shall. Our 
  traders McNeal and York are furnished with the buttons which Capt L. and 
  my Self Cut off of our Coats, Some eye water and Basilicon which we made 
  for that purpose and Some phials of eye water and Some tin boxes which 
  Capt L# had brought from Philadelphia. in the evening they returned with 
  about 3 bushels of roots and Some bread haveing made a Suckcessfull 
  voyage, not much less pleasing to us than the return of a good Cargo to an 
  East India merchant. 
  = 
  Shields, Collins, Reuben & Joseph Field & Shannon Set out on a 
  hunting excurtion to the quaw mash the lower side of Collins Creek & 
  towards the Mountains. 
  = 
  Drewyer arived this evening with Neeshneparkkeeook and Hohashillpilp who 
  had accompanied him to the lodge of the person who had our tomahawks. he 
  obtained both the tomahawks principally by the influence of the former of 
  those Chiefs. the one which had been Stolen we prized most as it was the 
  private property of the late Serjt# Floyd and I was desireous of returning 
  it to his friends. The man who had this tomahawk had purchased it from the 
  man who had Stolen it, and was himself at the moment of their arival just 
  expireing. his relations were unwilling to give up the tomahawk as they 
  intended to bury it with the deceased owner, but were at length to do so 
  for the Consideration of a handkerchief, two Strands of heeds, which 
  drewyer gave them and two horses given by the Chiefs to be Killed 
  agreeable to their custom at the grave of the deceased. The custom of 
  Sacrificeing horses to the disceased appears to be Common to all the 
  nations of the plains of the Columbia. a Wife of Neeshneeparkkeeook died 
  Some Short time Sence, himself and her relations sacrificed horses to her. 
  The Indians inform us that there is a plenty of Moos to the S# E# of them 
  on the East branch of Lewis's river which they Call Tommawamah River. 
  About noon Sergt# Ordway Frazier and Wiser returnd. with 17 Salmon and 
  Some roots of the Cows; the distance was So great from whence they brought 
  the fish, that most of them were nearly Spoiled. those fish were as fat as 
  any I ever saw; Sufficiently So to cook themselves without the addition of 
  Grease or butter; those which were Sound were extreemly delicious; their 
  flesh is of a fine rose colour with a Small admixture of yellow. these men 
  Set out on the 27th ulto# and in Sted of finding the fishing Shore at the 
  distance of half a days ride as we had been informed, they did not reach 
  the place at which they obtained their fish untill the evening of the 29th 
  haveing traveled near 70 miles. the rout they had taken however was not a 
  direct one; the Indians Conducted them in the first instance to the East 
  fork of Lewis's river about 10 miles above it's junction with the South 
  branch, a distance of about 50 miles where they informed them they might 
  obtain fish; but on their arival at that place finding that the Salmon had 
  not arived or were not taken, they were Conducted down that river to a 
  fishery a fiew miles below the junction of the forks of Lewis's River 
  about 20 miles further, here they remained one day and with some 
  dificuelty, they purchased the Salmon which they brought with them. the 
  first 20 ms# Of their rout was up Commeap Creek and through a plain open 
  Country, the hills of the Creek Continued high and broken with Some timber 
  near it's borders, the ballance of their rout was through a high broken 
  Mountanious Country. generally well timbered with pine the soil fertile. 
  in this quarter the meet with abundance of deer and Some big~horned 
  Animals. The East fork of Lewis's river they discribe as one Continued 
  rapid of about 150 yards wide, it's banks are in most places Solid and 
  perpindicular rocks, which rise to a great hight; it's hills are 
  mountanious high. on the top of Some of those hills over which they 
  passed, the Snow had not entirely disappeared, and the grass was just 
  springing up. at the fishery on Lewis's river below the forks there is a 
  very Considerable rapid, nearly as Great from the information of Sergt# 
  Ordway as the Great falls of the Columbia the river 200 yards wide. their 
  common house at this fishery is built of Split timber 150 feet long and 35 
  feet in width, flat at top. the general Course from here to the forks of 
  Lewis's river is a little to the west of South about 45 ms# The men at 
  this Season resort their fisheries while the womin are employed in 
  collecting roots. both forks above the junction of Lewis's river appear 
  to enter a high Mountainious Country. our horses are all recovering & 
  I have no hesitation in declareing that I believe that the Indian Method 
  of guilding preferable to that practised by ourselves. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1429-1806-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 3rd 1806. Our invalids are all on the recovery; Bratton is 
  much stronger and can walk about with considerable ease. the Indian Cheif 
  appears to be gradually recovering the uce of his limbs, and the child is 
  nearly well; the imposthume on his neck has in a great measure subsided 
  and left a hard lump underneath his left ear; we still continue the 
  application of the onion poltice. at 2 P#M# The Broken arm and 3 of his 
  wariars visited us and remained all night. Colter, Jo# Fields and Willard 
  returned this evening with five deer and one bear of the brown speceis; 
  the hair of this was black with a large white spot on the breast 
  containing a small circular black spot. today the Indians dispatched an 
  express over the mountains to travellers rest or the neighbourhood of that 
  Creek on Clark's river in order to learn from the Oote~lash~shoots a band 
  of the Flatheads who have wintered there, the occurrences that have taken 
  place on the East side of the mountains during that season. this is the 
  band which we first met with on that river. the mountains being 
  practicable for this express we thought it probable that we could also 
  pass, but the indians informed us that several of the creeks would yet 
  swim our horses, that there was no grass and that the roads were extreemly 
  deep and slipery; they inform us that we may pass conveniently in twelve 
  or fourteen days. we have come to a resolution to remove from hence to the 
  quawmash grounds beyond Collins's creek on the 10th to hunt in that 
  neighbourhood a few days, if possible lay in a stock of meat and then 
  attempt the mountains about the middle of this month. I begin to lose all 
  hope of any dependance on the Salmon as this river will not fall 
  sufficiently to take them before we shall leave it, and as yet I see no 
  appearance of their runing near the shores as the indians informed us they 
  would in the course of a few days. I find that all the salmon which they 
  procure themselves they obtain on Lewis's river, and the distance thither 
  is too great for us to think of sending after them even had we merchandize 
  with which to purchase. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1430-1806-06-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday June 3rd 1806 Our invalids are all on the recovery; bratten is 
  much Stronger and can walk about with Considerable ease. the Indian Chief 
  appears to be gradually recovering the use of his limbs, and the child is 
  nearly well; the inflomation on his neck Continus but the Swelling appears 
  to Subside. we Still Continue the application of the onion poltice. at 3 
  P#M# the broken arm and three wariors visited us and remained all night. 
  Colter, Jos. Fields and Willard returned this evening with five deer and 
  one bear of the brown Species; the hair of this was black with a large 
  white Spot on the breast containing a Small circular black Spot. (this 
  Species of bear is Smaller than our Common black bear) this was a female 
  bear and as our hunters informed us had cubs last year, this they judged 
  from the length and Size of her tits &c# this bear I am Confident is 
  not larger than the yerlin Cubs of our Country. To day the Indians 
  dispatched an express over the mountains to Travellers rest or to the 
  neighbourhood of that Creek on Clark's river in order to learn from a band 
  of Flat~Heads who inhabit that river and who have probably Wintered on 
  Clarks river near the enterance of travellers rest Creek, the occurences 
  which have taken place on the East Side of the mountains dureing the last 
  winter. this is the band which we first met with on that river. the 
  Mountains being practicable for this express we thought it probable that 
  we could also pass, but the Chiefs informs us that Several of the Creek's 
  would yet swim our horses, that there was no grass and that the road was 
  extreemly deep and slipery; they inform us that we may pass Conveniently 
  in twelve or fourteen days. we have come to a resolution to remove from 
  hence to the Quawmash Grounds beyond Colins Creek on the 10th to hunt in 
  that neighbourhood a fiew days, if possible lay in a Stock of Meat, and 
  then attempt the Mountains about the Middle of this month. I begin to lose 
  all hope of any dependance on the Salmon as this river will not fall 
  Sufficiently to take them before we Shall leave it, and as yet I see no 
  appearance of their running near the Shore as the indians informed us they 
  would in the course of a fiew days. I find that all the Salmon which they 
  precure themselves they obtain on Lewis's river, and the distance thither 
  is too great for us to think of Sending after them, even had we 
  merchendize with which to purchase the salmon. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1431-1806-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 4th 1806. about noon The 3 Cheifs left us and returned to 
  their vilages. while they were with us we repeated the promises we had 
  formerly made them and invited them to the Missouri with us, they declined 
  going untill the latter end of the summer and said it was there intention 
  to spend the ensuing winter on the East side of the Rocky mountains. they 
  gave us no positive answer to a request which we made, that two or three 
  of their young men should accompany me to the falls of the Missouri and 
  there wait my return from the upper part of Maria's river where it was 
  probable I should meet with some of the bands of the Minnetares from Fort 
  de Prarie; that in such case I should indeavor to bring about a good 
  understanding between those indians and themselves, which when effected 
  they would be informed of it though the young men thus sent with me, and 
  that on the contrary should I not be fortunate enough to meet with these 
  people nor to prevail on them to be at peace they would equally be 
  informed through those young men, and they might still remain on their 
  guard with rispect to them untill the whites had it in their power to give 
  them more effectual releif. The Broken Arm invited us to his village and 
  said he wished to speak to us before we set out, and that he had some 
  roots to give us for our journey over the mountains; Capt# C# promised to 
  visit him as he wished the day after tomorrow. Sheilds returned this 
  evening from the quawmash grounds with 2 deer which he had killed. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1432-1806-06-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday June 4th 1806 about noon the 3 chiefs left us and returned to 
  their villages. While they were with us we repeeted the promisces we had 
  formerly made them and envited them to the Missouri with us, they declined 
  going untill the latter end of the Summer, and Said it was their intintion 
  to Spend the insiewing winter on the East Side of the Rocky Mountains, 
  they gave us no positive answer to a request which we made, that two or 
  three of their young men Should accompany Capt L# to the falls of Missouri 
  and there wait his return from the upper part of Maria's river where it 
  was probable he Should meet with Some of the bands of the Blakfoot Indians 
  and Minitarres of Fort dePrarie, that in Such Case Capt L# would indeavor 
  to bring about a good understanding between those indians and themselves, 
  which when effected they would be informed of it through the young men 
  thus Sent with him. and that on the contrary Should he not be fortunate 
  enough to meet with those people, nor to provaile on them to be at peace 
  they would equally be informed through those young men, and they might 
  Still remain on their guard with respect to them, untill the Whites had it 
  more in their Power to give them more effectual relief. I also urged the 
  necessaty of Sending one or two of their Considerate men to accompany me 
  by way of the Shoshonees on the head of Jeffersons river and about the 
  three forks of the Missouri which whome there is most probably Some of the 
  Chiefs of those bands of Shoshones with whome they are at war, and by 
  which means a message Sent to that nation & good understanding brought 
  about between the Shoshones and the Chopunnish Nations which appears to be 
  the wish of both Nations. The Broken Arm envited us to his Village and 
  Said he wished to Speak to us before we Set out, and that he had Some 
  roots to give us for our journey over the mountains; I promised to visit 
  him as he wished the day after tomorrow. Shields returned this evining 
  from the Quawmash grounds with two Deer which he had killed 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1433-1806-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 5th 1806. Colter and Bratton were permitted to visit the 
  indian villages today for the purpose of trading for roots and bread, they 
  were fortunate and made a good return. we gave the indian cheif another 
  sweat today, continuing it as long as he could possibly bear it; in the 
  evening he was very languid but appeared still to improve in the use of 
  his limbs. the child is recovering fast the inflamation has subsided 
  intirely, we discontinued the poltice, and applyed a plaster of basilicon; 
  the part is still considerably swolen and hard. in the evening R# Feilds 
  Shannon and Labuish return from the chaise and brought with them five deer 
  and a brown bear. among the grasses of this country I observe a large 
  speceis which grows in moist situations; it rises to the hight of eight or 
  ten feet, the culm is jointed, hollow, smooth, as large as a goos quill 
  and more firm than ordinary grasses; the leaf is linnear broad and rough; 
  it has much the appearance of the maden cain as it is called in the state 
  of Gergia, and retains it's virdure untill late in the fall. this grass 
  propegates principally by the root which is horizontal and perennial. a 
  second speceis grows in tussucks and rises to the hight of six or eight 
  feet; it seems to delight in the soil of the river bottoms which possess a 
  greater mixture of sand than the hills in this neighbourhood. this is also 
  a harsh course grass; it appears to be the same which is called the Corn 
  grass in the Southern states, and the foxtail in Virginia. a third speceis 
  resembles the cheet, tho the horses feed on it very freely. a fourth and 
  most prevalent speceis is a grass which appears to be the same called the 
  blue grass common to many parts of the United States; it is common to the 
  bottom as well as the uplands, is now seeding and is from 9 inches to 2 
  feet high; it affords an excellent pasture for horses and appears to bear 
  the frosts and snow better than any grass in our country; I therefore 
  regret very much that the seed will not be ripe before our probable 
  departure. this is a fine soft grass and would no doubt make excellent hay 
  if cultivated. I do not find the greenswoard here which we met with on the 
  lower part of the Columbia. there are also several speceis of the wild rye 
  to be met with in the praries. among the plants and shrubs common to our 
  contry I observe here the seven bark, wild rose, vining honeysickle, sweet 
  willow, red willow, longleafed pine, Cattail or cooper's flag, 
  lamsquarter, strawberry, raspberry, tonge grass, musterd, tanzy, 
  sinquefield, horsemint, coltsfoot, green plantin, cansar weed, elder, 
  shoemate and several of the pea blume flowering plants. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1434-1806-06-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday June 5th 1806 Colter and Bratten were permitted to visit the 
  Indian Village to day for the purpose of tradeing for roots and bread, 
  they were fortunate and made a good return. we gave the Indian Cheif 
  another Sweat to~day, continuing it as long as he could bear it. in the 
  evening he was very languid but Still to improve in the use of his limbs. 
  the Child is revovereing fast. I applied a plaster of Sarve made of the 
  Rozen of the long leafed pine, Beas wax and Beare oil mixed, which has 
  Subsided the inflomation entirely, the part is Considerably Swelled and 
  hard. in the evening Reuben Fields, G# Shannon, Labiech, & Collins 
  returned from the chaise and brought with them five deer and a brown Bear. 
  = 
  Among the Grasses of this Country I observe a large Species which grows in 
  moist Situations; it rises to the hight of Eight or ten feet, the Culm is 
  jointed, hollow, Smooth, as large as a goose quill, and more firm than 
  ordinary grass; the leaf is linner broad and rough; it has much the 
  appearance of the Meadin Cain as it is Called in the Southern parts of the 
  U States, and retains it's virdue untill late in the fall. this grass 
  propegates principally by the Root which is horozontal and perennial. . a 
  Second Species grows in tussucks and rises to the hight of Six or Eight 
  feet; it Seams to delight in the Soil of the river bottoms which possess 
  agreater mixture of Sand than the hills in this neighbourhood. this is 
  also a harsh Course grass; it appears to be the Same which is Called the 
  Corn grass in the Southern States, and the Foxtail in Virginia. a third 
  Species resembles the cheet, tho the horses feed on it very freely. a 
  fouth and most prevalent Species is a grass which appears to be the Same 
  Called the blue Grass common to maney parts of the United States; it is 
  common to the bottoms as well as the uplands, is now Seeding and is from 9 
  inches to 2 feet high; it affords an excellent paterage for horses and 
  appears to bear the frost and Snow better than any grass in our Country; I 
  therefore regrete very much that the Seed will not be ripe before our 
  probable departure. this is a fine Soft grass and would no doubt make 
  excellent hay if cultivated. I do not find the Green Sword here which we 
  met with on the lower part of the Columbia. There are also Several Species 
  of the wild Rye to be met with in the praries. among the plants and Shrubs 
  common to our Country I observe here the Seven bark, Wild rose, vineing 
  honey suckle, Sweet willow, red willow, long leafed pine, Cattail or 
  Coopers Flag. Lambs quarter, Strawberries, Raspberries, Goose berries, 
  tongue grass, Mustard, tanzy, Sinquefield, horse mint, water penerial, 
  elder, Coalts foot, Green Plantin, canser weed, Shoemate, and Several of 
  the pea blume flowering plants. . Frazier who had permission to visit the 
  Twisted Hairs Lodge at the distance of ten or twelve miles did not return 
  this evening. The river falls in course of the day and rises Some at 
  night as will be Seen by the remarks in the Diary of the weather. this 
  most probably is the melding of the Snows dureing the day &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1435-1806-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 6th 1806. This morning Frazier returned having been in quest 
  of some roots and bread which had left at the lodg of the Twisted hair 
  when on his way to the fishery on Lewis's river. the Twisted hair came 
  with him but I was unable to converse with him for the want of an 
  interpreter, Drewyer being absent with Capt# C# This Cheif left me in the 
  evening and returned to his village. Capt C# Visited the Broken Arm today 
  agreeably to his promise; he took with him Drewyer and several others. 
  they were received in a friendly manner. The Broken Arm informed Capt# C# 
  that the nation would not pass the mountain untill the latter end of the 
  summer, and that with rispect to the young men whom we had requested 
  should accompany us to the falls of the Missouri, were not yet scelected 
  for that purpose nor could they be so untill there was a meeting of the 
  nation in counsil. that this would happen in the course of ten or twelve 
  days as the whole of the lodges were about to remove to the head of the 
  Commeap Creek in the plain near Lewis's river, that when they had 
  assembled themselves they would hold a council and scelect the young men. 
  that if we set out previously to that period the men would follow us. we 
  therefore do not calculate on any assistance from them as guides, but 
  depend more upon engageing some of the Ootlashshoots in the neighborhood 
  of Travellers rest C# for that purpose. The broken arm gave Capt# C# a few 
  dryed Quawmas roots as a great present, but in our estimation those of 
  cows are much better, I am confident they are much more healthy. The men 
  who were with Capt# C# obtained a good store of roots and bread in 
  exchange for a number of little notions, using the Yanke phrase, with 
  which their own enginuity had principally furnished them. on examination 
  we find that our whole party have an ample store of bread and roots for 
  our voyage, a circumstance not unpleasing. They retuned at 5 P#M# shortly 
  after which we were visited by Hohastillpilp the two young Cheifs who gave 
  us the horses in behalf of the nation some time since and several others, 
  who remained all night. The Kooskooske is about 150 Yds. wide at this 
  place and discharges a vast body of water; notwithstanding it high state 
  the water remains nearly transparent, and it's temperature appeas to be 
  quite as cold as that of our best springs. we meet with a beautifull 
  little bird in this neighbourhood about the size and somewhat the shape of 
  the large sparrow. it is reather longer in proportion to it's bulk than 
  the sparrow. it measures 7 inches from the extremity of the beek to that 
  of the tail, the latter occupying 21/2 inches. the beak is reather more 
  than half an inch in length, and is formed much like the Virginia 
  nitingale; it is thick and large for a bird of it's size; wide at the 
  base, both chaps convex, and pointed, the uper exceeds the under chap a 
  little is somewhat curved and of a brown colour; the lower chap of a 
  greenish yellow. the eye full reather large and of a black colour both 
  puple and iris. the plumage is remarkably delicate; that of the neck and 
  head is of a fine orrange yellow and red, the latter predominates on the 
  top of the head and arround the base of the beak from whence it graduly 
  deminishes & towards the lower part of the neck, the orrange yellow 
  prevails most; the red has the appearance of being laid over a ground of 
  yellow. the breast, the sides, rump and some long feathers which lie 
  between the legs and extend underneath the tail are of a fine orrange 
  yellow. the tail, back and wings are black, ecept a small stripe of yellow 
  on the outer part of the middle joint of the wing, 1/4 of an inch wide and 
  an inch in length. the tail is composed of twelve feathers of which those 
  in the center are reather shortest, and the plumage of all the feathers of 
  the tail is longest on that side of the quill next the center of the tail. 
  the legs and feet are black, nails long and sharp; it has four toes on 
  each foot, of which three are forward and one behind; that behind is as 
  long as the two outer of the three toes in front. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1436-1806-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday June 6th 1806 I visited the Broken Arm to day agreeable to my 
  promis of the 4th inst# and took with me Drewyer & three other men I 
  was receved in a friendly manner. The broken Arm informed me that maney of 
  the Small chiefs of the different Bands of his nation had not heard our 
  word from our own mouths, Several of them were present and was glad to See 
  me &c# I repeeted in part what had been Said in Council before. The 
  Broken arm told me that the nation would not pass the mountains untill the 
  latter part of the Summer, and with respect to the young men who we had 
  requested to accompany us to the falls of Missouri, were not yet Selected 
  for that purpose nor could they be So untill they had a Meeting of the 
  Nation in Council. that this would happen in the Course of ten or 12 days 
  as the whole of the Lodges were about to Move to the head of Commeap Creek 
  in the Plain of Lewis's river, that when they held a council they would 
  Select two young men. that if we Set out previously to that time the men 
  would follow us. we therefore do not Calculate any assistance from them as 
  guides, but depend more upon engageing Some of the Oatlash~shoots on 
  Clarks river in the neighbouringhood of Travellers rest C# for that 
  purpose. The Broken Arm gave me a fiew Quawmash roots as a great preasent, 
  but in my estimation those of Cows is much better. I am Confident they are 
  much more healthy. The Broken Arm informed me that they had latterly been 
  informed that a party of the Shoshones had arived at the Ye~E~al~po Nation 
  who reside to the South of the enterance of Kooskooske into Lewis's river. 
  and had informed that people that their nation (the Shoshones) had 
  received the talk which was given their relations on the head of the East 
  fork of Lewis's river last fall, and were resolved to pursue our Councils, 
  and had came foward for the purpose of makeing peace with them, and allso 
  with the Chopunnish &c# that they had Sent Several men in Serch of 
  those people with a view to bring them to Lewis's river at which place the 
  Broken Arm informed me he Should meet them and Smoke the pipe of peace. 
  which he Should afterwards Send by with Some of his Chiefs in company with 
  those Shoshones to their nation and confirm a piece which never Should be 
  broken on his part. he produced two pipes one of which he said was as a 
  present to me the other he intended to Send to the Shoshones &c# and 
  requested me to take one, I receved the one made in the fascion of the 
  Country, the other which was of Stone curiously inlaid with Silver in the 
  common form which he got from the Shoshones. I deckorated the Stem of this 
  pipe with blue ribon and white wampom and informed the Chief this was the 
  emblem of peace with us. 
  = 
  The men who accompanied me obtained a good Store of roots and bread in 
  exchange for a number of little notions, useing the Yanke phrase, with 
  which their own enginuiety had principally furnished them. on examonation 
  we find our whole party have a Sufficient Store of bread and roots for our 
  Voyage. a Circumstance not unpleasing. 
  = 
  I returned at 4 P# M followed by Hohastillpilp the 2 young Chiefs who gave 
  us the horses in behalf of the nation Some time Sence, the young man who 
  gave us the horse at Collins Creek to kill as we Came up, and Several 
  others. I met the twisted hair and two other indians with Frazier on the 
  opposit bank from our Camp this Morning & Sent him over to our Camp. I 
  met him this evening on his return home. he informed me he could not 
  accompany us across the mountains as his brother was Sick &c#. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1437-1806-06-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  The Chopunnish call the Crow Indians Up~shar~look~kar 
  = 
  Chopunnish name for Sin~sho~cal Dearbourne R ditto ¬ do ¬ Cal la 
  mar~Sha mosh Meddesons ditto ¬ do ¬ Co~ma win~nim Maria River 
  ditto ditto ¬  Ta~ki~a~ki~a Mescle Shell R ditto ¬ ditto 
  Wah~wo~ko~ye~o~cose is th  ¿¿  ditto do ¬ Rockejhone ¬ Elk river 
  = 
  ditto do ¬ Koos~koos~an~nim~a the little Missouri ditto ¬ do ¬  
  Walch~Nim~mah ¬ Knife R ditto ¬ do Ni~hi~Sir~te ¬ C# R#
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1438-1806-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 7th 1806. The two young Cheifs who visited last evening 
  returned to their village on Commeap C# with some others of the natives. 
  Sergt# Gass, McNeal, Whitehouse and Goodrich accompanyed them with a view 
  to procure some pack or lash ropes in exchange for parts of an old sain, 
  fish giggs, peices of old iron, old files and some bullets. they were also 
  directed to procure some bags for the purpose of containing our roots 
  & bread. in the evening they all returned except Whitehouse and 
  Goodrich who remained all night. they procured a few strings but no bags. 
  Hohastillpilp passed the river today and brought over a horse which he 
  gave Frazier one of our party who had previously made him a present of a 
  pair of Cannadian shoes or shoe~packs. Drewyer set out on a hunting 
  excurtion up Collins's Creek this evening. we wish to leave the deer in 
  the neighbourhood of the quawmash plains undisturbed untill the 10th when 
  we intend removing thither to lay in some meat for our voyage over the 
  Mountains. our party are much engaged in preparing their saddles arranging 
  their loads provisions &c for our departure. There is a speceis of 
  cherry which grows in this neighbourhood in sitations like the Choke 
  cherry or near the little rivulets and wartercouses. it seldom grows in 
  clumps or from the same cluster of roots as the choke cherry dose. the 
  stem is simple branching reather diffuse stem the cortex is of a redish 
  dark brown and reather smooth. the leaf is of the ordinary dexture and 
  colour of those of most cherries, it is petiolate; a long oval 11/4 inhes 
  in length and 1/2 an inch in width, obtuse, margin so finely serrate that 
  it is scarcely perseptable & smooth. the peduncle is common 1 inch in 
  length, branch proceeding from the extremities as well as the sides of the 
  branches, celindric gradually tapering; the secondary peduncles are about 
  1/2 an inch in length scattered tho proceeding more from the extremity of 
  the common peduncle and are each furnished with a small bracted. the parts 
  of fructification are much like those discribed of the choke cherry except 
  that the petals are reather longer as is the calix reather deeper. the 
  cherry appears to be half grown, the stone is begining to be hard and is 
  in shape somewhat like that of the plumb; it appears that when ripe it 
  would be as large as the Kentish cherry, which indeed the growth of the 
  bush somewhat resembles; it rises about 6 or 8 feet high 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1439-1806-06-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saurday June 7th 1806. The two young cheafs and other Indians who 
  accompanied them Crossed the river and returned to their Village this 
  morning after brackfast; Shabono Sergt Gass McNeal, Whitehouse & 
  Goodrich accompanied them for the purpose of purchaseing or exchangeing 
  old peces of Sane, fish gig, peces of iron, bullets, and old files and 
  Such articles as they Could raise for ropes and Strings for to lash their 
  loads, and bags to Cary their roots in Sergt# Gass, Shabono & McNeal 
  returned at 2 P M haveing precured a String each only. Whitehouse and 
  Goodrich continued at the Village all night. Hohastillpilp crossed the 
  river to day and brought over a horse and gave it to Frazier one of our 
  party who had made him a present previously of a Par of Canidian Shoes. 
  one of our men informed me one of the young Chiefs who had given us two 
  horses already was in Serch of one which he intended to give to me. George 
  Drewyer Set out on a hunting excurtion up Collins's Creek alone. our party 
  are all much engaged in prepareing Sadles and packing up their Stores of 
  Provisions &c# ¬ The Flat Head river is about 150 yards wide at 
  this place and discharges a vast body of water; notwithstanding it's high 
  State the water remains nearly transparent, and it's temperature appears 
  to be quit as cold as that of our best Springs. we met with a butifull 
  little bird in this neighbourhood about the Size and Somewhat the Shape of 
  the large Sparrow. it measures 7 inches from the extremity of the beak to 
  that of the tail, the latter Occupying 21/2 inches. the beak is reather 
  more than half an inch in length, and is formed much like the Virginia 
  Nightingal; red bd. it is thick and large for a bird of it's size, wide at 
  the base, both Chaps convex, and pointed, the upper exceeds the under chap 
  a little is Somewhat cirved and of a brown Colour; the lower chap of a 
  Greenish yellow. the eye full reather large and of a black colour both 
  puple and iris. the plumage is remarkably delicate; that of the neck and 
  head is of a fine orrange yellow and red. the latter predomonates on the 
  top of the head and around the base of the beak from whence it gradually 
  diminishes towards the lower part of the Neck, the orring yellow prevails 
  most, the red has the Appearance of haveing been laid over a Ground of 
  yellow. the breast, the Sides, rump and some long feathers which lie 
  between the legs extend underneath the tail is of a fine orrange yellow. 
  the tail, back and wings are black, except a Small Strip of yellow on the 
  outer part of the Middle joint of the wing, 1/4 of an inch wide and an 
  inch in length. the tail is composed of 12 feathers of which those in the 
  Center are reather Shortest, and the plumage of all the feathers of the 
  tail is longest on that Side of the quill next to the Center of the tail. 
  the legs and feet are black, nails long and Sharp; it has four toes on 
  each foot, of which three are forward and one behind; that behind is as 
  long as the two outer of the three toes in front 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1440-1806-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 8th 1806. Drewyer returned this morning from the chase without 
  having killed anything. his hose left him last night, he pursued him but 
  did not overtake him untill he had nearly reached our camp. The sick Cheif 
  is fast on the recovery, he can bear his weight on his legs, and has 
  acquired a considerable portion of strength. the child is nearly well; 
  Bratton has so far recovered that we cannot well consider him an invalid 
  any longer, he has had a tedious illness which he boar with much fortitude 
  and firmness. The Cutnose visited us today with ten or twelve 
  warriors; two of the latter were Y~e~let~pos a band of the Chopunnish 
  nation residing on the South side of Lewis's river whom we have not 
  previously seen. the band with which we have been most conversent call 
  themselves pel~late~pal~ler. one of the yeletpos exchanged his horse for 
  an indifferent one of ours and received a tomahawk to boot; this tomahawk 
  was one for which Capt# C# had given another in exchange with the 
  Clahclel~lah Chief at the rapids of the Columbia. we also exchanged two 
  other of our indifferent horses with unsound backs for much better horses 
  in fine order without any consideration but the horse itself. several foot 
  rarces were run this evening between the indians and our men. the indians 
  are very active; one of them proved as fleet as Drewer and R# Fields, our 
  swiftest runners. when the racing was over the men divided themselves into 
  two parties and played prison base, by way of exercise which we wish the 
  men to take previously to entering the mountain; in short those who are 
  not hunters have had so little to do that they are geting reather lazy and 
  slouthfull. after dark we had the violin played and danced for the 
  amusement of ourselves and the indians. one of the indians informed 
  us that we could not pass the mountains untill the full of the next moon 
  or about the first of July, that if we attempted it sooner our horses 
  would be at least three days travel without food on the top of the 
  mountain; this information is disagreable inasmuch as it causes some doubt 
  as to the time at which it will be most proper for us to set out. however 
  as we have no time to loose we will wrisk the chanches and set out as 
  early as the indians generally think it practicable or the middle of this 
  month. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1441-1806-06-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday June 8th 1806 Drewyer returned this morning from the chase without 
  killing any thing. his horse left him last night and he prosued him near 
  our camp before he cought him. The Sick Chief is much mended, he can bear 
  his weight on his legs and recovers Strength. the Child has nearly 
  recovered. The Cut nose and ten or 12 came over today to visit us, two of 
  those were of the tribes from the plains of Lewis's river whome we had not 
  before Seen; one of those men brought a horse which I gave a tomahawk 
  which I had exchanged for with the Chief of the Clahclahlah's Nation below 
  the Great rapids of Columbia, and broken~down horse which was not able to 
  Cross the mountains. we also exchanged 2 of our indeferent horses for 
  Sound back horses. in the evening Several foot races were run by the men 
  of our party and the Indians; after which our party divided and played at 
  prisoners base untill night. after dark the fiddle was played and the 
  party amused themselves in danceing. one of those Indians informed us that 
  we could not cross the mountains untill the full of the next moon, or 
  about the 1st of July. if we attempted it Sooner our horses would be three 
  days without eateing, on the top of the Mountns. this information is 
  disagreeable to us, in as much as it admits of Some doubt, as to the time 
  most proper for us to Set out. at all events we Shall Set out at or about 
  the time which the indians Seem to be generally agreed would be the most 
  proper. about the middle of this month 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1442-1806-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 9th 1806. This morning we had all our horses brought up and 
  indeavoured to exchange five or shix with the Indians in consequence of 
  their having unsound backs but succeeded in exchanging one only. 
  Hohastillpilp with several of the natives who visited us yesterday took 
  leave of us and set out for the plains near Lewis's river where the nation 
  are about to assemble themselves. The broken arm made us a short visit 
  this morning and took leave of us, being about to set out with his village 
  today in order to join the nation at their rendezvouz on Lewis's R# The 
  Cutnose or Neeshneeparkkeeook borrowed a horse and rode down the 
  Kooskooske River a few miles this morning in quest of some young eagles 
  which he intends raising for the benifit of their feathers; he returned 
  soon after with a pair of young Eagles of the grey kind; they were nearly 
  grown and prety well feathered. in the evening the young Chief who gave 
  both Capt# C# and myself a horse some time since, came to our camp with a 
  party of young men and remained all night. this evening one of our party 
  obtained a very good horse for an indifferent one by giving the indian an 
  old leather shirt in addition. we eat the last of our meat yesterday 
  evening and have lived on roots today. our party seem much elated with the 
  idea of moving on towards their friends and country, they all seem allirt 
  in their movements today; they have every thing in readiness for a move, 
  and notwithstanding the want of provision have been amusing themselves 
  very merrily today in runing footraces pitching quites, prison basse &c# 
  the river has been falling for several days and is now lower by near six 
  feet than it has been; this we view as a strong evidence that the great 
  body of snow has left the mountains, though I do not conceive that we are 
  as yet loosing any time as the roads is in many parts extreemly steep 
  rocky and must be dangerous if wet and slippry; a few days will dry the 
  roads and will also improve the grass. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1443-1806-06-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Moday June 9th 1806 We had all of our horses brought up and attempted to 
  exchange our Sore back and most indifferent horses with the indians for 
  Sound back horses, we exchanged one only. Hohasillpilp took his leave of 
  us and Set out for the Plains of Lewises river, with Several of the nativs 
  who Visited us yesterday. The broken arm came over and continued a fiew 
  minits with us this morning, and also took his leave of us & Set out 
  with his Village for the plains of Lewis's river. The Cut nose borrowed a 
  horse and rode down the flathead river a fiew miles to take Some young 
  Eagles, which he intends to raise for their feathers. in the evening one 
  of the young Cheifs who had given both Capt Lewis and my Self a horse came 
  to our camp accompanied by 10 of his people and continued with us all 
  night. one of our men exchanged a very indefferent horse for a very good 
  one. our party exolted with the idea of once more proceeding on towards 
  thier friends and Country are elert in all their movements and amuse 
  themselves by pitching quates, Prisoners bast running races &c. 
  = 
  The flat head river is Still falling fast and nearly as low as it was at 
  the time we arrived at this place. this fall of water is what the nativs 
  have informed us was a proper token for us. when this river fell the Snows 
  would be Sufficiently melted for us to Cross the Mountains. the greater 
  length of time we delayed after that time, the higher the grass would grow 
  on th Mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1444-1806-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 10th 1806. This morning we arrose early and had our horses 
  collected except one of Cruzatt's and one of Whitehouse's, which were not 
  to be found; after a surch of some hours Cruzatt's horse was obtained and 
  the indians promised to find the other and bring it to us at the quawmash 
  flatts where we purpose encamping a few days. at 11 A#M# we set out with 
  the party each man being well mounted and a light load on a second horse, 
  beside which we have several supenemary horses in case of accedent or the 
  want of provision, we therefore feel ourselves perfectly equiped for the 
  mountains. we ascended the river hills which are very high and about three 
  miles in extent our sourse being N# 22° E# thence N# 15 W# 2 m to 
  Collins's creek. thence due North 5 m# to the Eastern border of the 
  quawmash flatts where we encamped near the place we first met with the 
  Chopunnish last fall. the pass of Collins's Creek was deep and extreemly 
  difficult tho we passed without sustaining further injury than weting some 
  of our roots and bread. the country through which we passed is extreemly 
  fertile and generally free of stone, is well timbered with several speceis 
  of fir, long leafed pine and larch. the undergrowth is chooke cherry near 
  the water courses, black alder, a large speceis of redroot now in blume, a 
  growth which resembles the pappaw in it's leaf and which bears a burry 
  with five valves of a deep perple colour, two speceis of shoemate 
  sevenbark, perple haw, service berry, goosburry, a wild rose honeysuckle 
  which bears a white berry, and a species of dwarf pine which grows about 
  ten or twelve feet high. bears a globular formed cone with small scales, 
  the leaves are about the length and much the appearance of the common 
  pitch pine having it's leaves in fassicles of two; in other rispects they 
  would at a little distance be taken for the young plants of the long 
  leafed pine. there are two speceis of the wild rose both quinqui petallous 
  and of a damask red but the one is as large as the common red rose of our 
  gardens. I observed the apples of this speceis last fall to be more than 
  triple the size of those of the ordinary wild rose; the stem of this rose 
  is the same with the other tho the leaf is somewhat larger. after we 
  encamped this evening we sent out our hunters; Collins killed a doe on 
  which we suped much to our satisfaction. we had scarcely reached Collins's 
  Creek before we were overtaken by a party of Indians who informed us that 
  they were going to the quawmash flatts to hunt; their object I beleive is 
  the expectation of bing fed by us in which how ever kind as they have been 
  we must disappoint them at this moment as it is necessary that we should 
  use all frugallaty as well as employ every exertion to provide meat for 
  our journey. they have encamped with us. we find a great number of 
  burrowing squirels about our camp of which we killed several; I eat of 
  them and found them quite as tender and well flavored as our grey squirel. 
  saw many sand hill crains and some ducks in the slashey glades about this 
  place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1445-1806-06-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday June 10th 1806. rose early this morning and had all the horses 
  Collected except one of Whitehouses horses which could not be found, an 
  Indian promised to find the horse and bring him on to us at the quawmash 
  fields at which place we intend to delay a fiew days for the laying in 
  Some meat by which time we Calculate that the Snows will have melted more 
  off the mountains and the grass raised to a sufficient hight for our 
  horses to live. we packed up and Set out at 11 A M we Set out with the 
  party each man being well mounted and a light load on a 2d horse, besides 
  which we have several supernumary horses in case of accident or the want 
  of provisions, we therefore feel ourselves perfectly equiped for the 
  Mountains. we assended the hills which are very high and about three miles 
  in extent our course being N# 22° E, thence N# 15° W 2 ms# to Collins 
  Creek. Thence North 5 Miles to the Eastern boarders of the Quawmash flatts 
  where we encamped near the place I first met with the Chopunnish Nation 
  last fall. the pass of Collins Creek was deep and extreemly difficult tho 
  we passed without sustaining further injury than wetting some of our roots 
  and bread. The Country through which we passed is extreemly fertile and 
  generally free from Stone, is well timbered with several Species of fir, 
  long leafed pine and Larch. the undergrowth is choke cherry near the 
  watercourses, black alder, a large species of red root now in blume, a 
  Growth which resembles the poppaw in it's leaf and which bears a berry 
  with five valves of a deep purple colour, two species of Shoemate, Seven 
  bark, perple haw, Service berry, Goose berry, wildrose, honey suckle which 
  bears a white berry, and a Species of dwarf pine which grows about 10 or 
  12 feet high, bears a globarlar formed cone with Small Scales, the leaf is 
  about the length and much the appearance of the pitch pine haveing it's 
  leaves in fassicles of two; in other respects they would at a little 
  distance be taken for the young plants of the long leafed pine. There are 
  two Species of the wild rose both quinque petallous and of a damask red, 
  but the one is as large as the common red rose of our guardens. I observed 
  the apples of these Species last fall to be more than triple the Size of 
  those of the ordinary wild rose; the Stem of this rose is the Same with 
  the other tho the leaf is somewhat larger. after we encamped this evening 
  we Sent out our hunters; Collins killed a doe on which we Suped much to 
  our Satisfaction, we had not reached the top of the river hills before we 
  were overtaken by a party of 8 Indians who informed me that they were 
  gowing to the quawmash flatts to hunt; their object I belive is the 
  expectation of being fed by us in which however kind as they have been we 
  must disappoint them at this moment as it is necessary that we Should use 
  all frugallaty as well as employ every exertion to provide meat for our 
  journey. they have encamped with us. we find a great number of burrowing 
  Squirels about our camp of which we killed Several; I eate of them and 
  found them quit as tender and well flavd. as our grey squirel. Saw many 
  Sand hill crains and Some ducks in the Slashey Glades about this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1446-1806-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 11th 1806. All our hunters were out this morning by 
  daylight; Labuish and Gibson only proved successfull, the former killed a 
  black bear of the brown speceis and a very large buck, the latter also 
  killed a fine fat buck. five of the Indians also turned out and hunted 
  untill noon, when they returned without having killed anything; at three 
  P#M# the left us on their return to ther villages. previous to their 
  departure one of our men exchanged an indifferent horse with one of them 
  for a very good one. in the evening our hunters resumed the chase; as game 
  has become scarce and shye near our camp they were directed to hunt at a 
  greater distance and therefore set out prepared to remain all night and 
  make a mornings hunt in grounds not recently frequented. Whitehouse 
  returned this morning to our camp on the Kooskooske in surch of his horse. As 
  I have had frequent occasion to mention the plant which the Chopunnish 
  call quawmash I shall here give a more particular discription of that 
  plant and the mode of preparing it for food as practiced by the Chopunnish 
  and others in the vicinity of the Rocky Mountains with whom it forms much 
  the greatest portion of their subsistence. we have never met with this 
  plant but in or adjacent to a piny or fir timbered country, and there 
  always in the open grounds and glades; in the Columbian vally and near the 
  coast it is to be found in small quantities and inferior in size to that 
  found in this neighbourhood and in the high rich flatts and vallees within 
  the rocky mountains. it delights in a black rich moist soil, and even 
  grows most luxuriantly where the land remains from 6 to nine inches under 
  water untill the seed are nearly perfect which in this neighbourhood or on 
  these flats is about the last of this month. neare the river where I had 
  an opportunity of observing it the seed were begining to ripen on the 9th 
  inst# and the soil was nearly dry. it seems devoted to it's particular 
  soil and situation, and you will seldom find it more than a few feet from 
  the inundated soil tho within it's limits it grows very closely in short 
  almost as much so as the bulbs will permit; the radix is a tunicated bulb, 
  much the consistence shape and appearance of the onion, glutanous or 
  somewhat slymy when chewed and almost tasteless and without smell in it's 
  unprepared state; it is white except the thin or outer tunicated scales 
  which are few black and not succulent; this bulb is from the size of a 
  nutmeg to that of a hens egg and most commonly of an intermediate size or 
  about as large as an onion of one years growth from the seed. the radicles 
  are numerous, reather large, white, flexable, succulent and diverging. the 
  foliage consists of from one to four seldom five radicale, linear sessile 
  and revolute pointed leaves; they are from 12 to 18 inches in length and 
  from 1 to 3/4 of an inch in widest part which is near the middle; the uper 
  disk is somewhat groved of a pale green and marked it's whole length with 
  a number of small longitudinal channels; the under disk is a deep glossy 
  green and smooth. the leaves sheath the peduncle and each other as high as 
  the surface of the earth or about 2 inches; they are more succulent than 
  the grasses and less so than most of the fillies hyesinths &c# ¬ the 
  peduncle is soletary, proceeds from the root, is columner, smooth leafless 
  and rises to the hight of 2 or 21/2 feet. it supports from 10 to forty 
  flowers which are each supported by seperate footstalk of 1/2 an inch in 
  length scattered without order on the upper portion of the peduncle. the 
  calix is a partial involucret situated at the base of the footstalk of 
  each flower on the peduncle; it is long thin and begins to decline as soon 
  as the corolla expands. the corolla consists of six long oval, obtusly 
  pointed skye blue or water coloured petals, each about 1 inch in length; 
  the corolla is regular as to the form and size of the petals but irregular 
  as to their position, five of them are placed near ech other pointing 
  upward while one stands horizantally or pointing downwards, they are 
  inserted with a short claw on the extremity of the footstalk at the base 
  of the germ; the corolla is of course inferior; it is also shriveling, and 
  continues untill the seeds are perfect. The stamens are perfect, six in 
  number; the filaments each elivate an anther, near their base are flat on 
  the inside and rounded on the outer terminate in a subulate point, are 
  bowed or bent upwards, inserted on the inner side and on the base of the 
  claws of the petals, below the germ, are equal both with rispect to 
  themselves and the corolla, smooth & membraneous. the Anther is 
  oblong, obtusely pointed, 2 horned or forked at one end and furrowed 
  longitudinally with four channels, the upper and lower of which seem 
  almost to divide it into two loabs, incumbent patent, membranous, very 
  short, naked, two valved and fertile with pollen, which last is of a 
  yellow colour ¬ the anther in a few hours after the corolla unfoalds, 
  bursts, discharges it's pollen and becomes very minute and shrivled; the 
  above discription of the anther is therefore to be understood of it at the 
  moment of it's first appearance. the pistillum is only one, of which, the 
  germ is triangular reather swolen on the sides, smooth superior, sessile, 
  pedicelled, short in proportion to the corolla atho wide or bulky; the 
  style is very long or longer than the stamens, simple, cilindrical, bowed 
  or bent upwards, placed on the top of the germ, membranous shrivels and 
  falls off when the pericarp has obtained its full size. the stigma is 
  three cleft very minute, & pubescent. the pericarp is a capsule, 
  triangular, oblong, obtuse, and trilocular with three longitudinal valves. 
  the seed so far as I could judge are numerous not very minute and 
  globelar. soon after the seeds are mature the peduncle and foliage 
  of this plant perishes, the grownd becomes dry or nearly so and the root 
  encreases in size and shortly becomes fit for use; this happens about the 
  middle of July when the natives begin to collect it for use which they 
  continue untill the leaves of the plant attain some size in the spring of 
  the year. when they have collected a considerable quantity of these roots 
  or 20 30 bushels which they readily do by means of stick sharpened at one 
  end, they dig away the surface of the earth forming a circular concavity 
  of 21/2 feet in the center and 10 feet in diameter; they next collect a 
  parsel of split dry wood with which they cover this bason in the grown 
  perhaps a foot thick, they next collect a large parsel of stones of about 
  4 or 6 lbs# weight which are placed on the dry wood; fire is then set to 
  the wood which birning heats the stones; when the fire has subsided and 
  the stones are sufficiently heated which are nearly a red heat, they are 
  adjusted in such manner in the whole as to form as level a surface as 
  pissible, a small quantity of earth is sprinkled over the stones and a 
  layer of grass about an inch thick is put over the stones; the roots, 
  which have been previously devested of the black or outer coat and 
  radicles which rub off easily with the fingers, are now laid on in a 
  conical pile, are then covered with a layer of grass about 2 or 3 inches 
  thick; water is now thrown on the summit of the pile and passes through 
  the roots and to the hot stones at bottom; some water is allso poared 
  arround the edges of the hole and also finds its way to the hot stones; as 
  soon as they discover from the quantity of steem which issues that the 
  water has found its way generally to the hot stones, they cover the roots 
  and grass over with earth to the debth of four inches and then build a 
  fire of dry wood all over the connical mound which they continue to renew 
  through the course of the night or for ten or 12 hours after which it is 
  suffered to cool two or three hours when the earth and grass are removed 
  and the roots thus sweated and cooked with steam are taken out, and most 
  commonly exposed to the sun on scaffoalds untill they become dry, when 
  they are black and of a sweet agreeable flavor. these roots are fit for 
  use when first taken from the pitt, are soft of a sweetish tast and much 
  the consistency of a roasted onion; but if they are suffered to remain in 
  bulk 24 hour after being cooked they spoil. if the design is to make bread 
  or cakes of these roots they undergo a second process of baking being 
  previously pounded after the fist baking between two stones untill they 
  are reduced to the consistency of dough and then rolled in grass in cakes 
  of eight or ten lbs are returned to the sweat intermixed with fresh roots 
  in order that the steam may get freely to these loaves of bread. when 
  taken out the second time the women make up this dough into cakes of 
  various shapes and sizes usually from 1/2 to 3/4 of an inch thick and 
  expose it on sticks to dry in the sun, or place it over the smoke of their 
  fires. the bread this prepared if kept free from moisture will keep 
  sound for a great length of time. this bread or the dryed roots are 
  frequently eaten alone by the natives without further preparation, and 
  when they have them in abundance they form an ingredient in almost every 
  dish they prepare. this root is pallateable but disagrees with me in every 
  shape I have ever used it. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1447-1806-06-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday June 11th 1806 All of our hunters were out by daylight this 
  Morning. Labeech and Shann was the only Suckcessull hunters, Labeech 
  killed a Black bear and a large buck, and Gibson killed a very fat Buck. 
  five of the indians also turned out and hunted untill near Meridn# without 
  having killed any thing. at 3 P M they all packed up and returned to their 
  village. one of our men exchanged an indifferent horse for a verey good 
  one with those people before they left us. in the evening all our hunters 
  turned out in different directions with a view to find some probable Spot 
  of killing deer and were directed to lay out all night and hunt in the 
  morning early. Whitehouse returned this morning to our camp on the 
  Kooskooske in Serch of his horse. 
  = 
  As I have had frequent occasion to mention the plant which the Chopunnish 
  and other nations of the Columbia call Quawmash I Shall here give a more 
  particular discription of that plant and the mode of prepareing it for 
  food as practiced by the Chopinnish and others in the vicinity of the 
  Rocky Mountains with whome it forms much the greatest portion of their 
  Subsistence. we have never met with this plant but in or adjacent to a 
  piney or fir timbered Country, and there always in the open grounds and 
  glades; in the Columbian Vally and near the Coast it is to be found in 
  small quantities and inferior in Size to that found in this neighbourhood 
  or on those high rich flatts and vallies within the rocky mountains. it 
  delights in a black rich moist Soil, and even grows most luxuriently where 
  the lands remain from 6 to 9 inches under water untill the seed are nearly 
  perfect, which in this neighbourhood or on those flatts is about the last 
  of this month. near the river where I had an oppertunity of observing it, 
  the Seed were beginning to ripen on the 9th inst# and the Soil was nearly 
  dry. it seems devoted to it's particular Soil and Situation, and you will 
  Seldom find more than a fiew feet from an inundated Soil tho within it's 
  limits it grows very closely. in short almost as much so as the bulbs will 
  permit. the radix is a tumicated bulb, much the consistence Shape and 
  appearance of the Onion, glutinous or somewhat Slymey when chewed and 
  almost tasteless and without smell in it's unprepared state; it is white 
  except the thin or outer tumicated scales which are flew black and not 
  Suculent; this bulb is from the Size of a nutmeg to that of a hen egg and 
  most commonly of an intermediate size or about as large as a common onion 
  of one years growth from the Seed. the radicles are noumerous, reather 
  large, white, flexeable, Succulent and deviding the foliage consists of 
  from one to four seldom five radicals, liner Sessile and revolute pointed 
  leaves; they are from 12 to 18 inches in length and from 1 to 3/4 of an 
  inch in widest part which is nearest the middle; the upper disk is 
  Somewhat groved of a pale green and marked it's whole length with a number 
  of Small longitudinal channels; the under disk is of a deep glossy green 
  and Smooth. the leaves sheath the peduncle and each other as high as the 
  Surface of the earth or about 2 inches; they are more succulent than the 
  grasses and less so than most of the lillies hyisinths &c# ¬ the 
  peduncle is soletary, proceeds from the root, is columner, smooth and 
  leafless and rises to the hight of 2 or 21/2 feet. it supports from 10 to 
  40 flowers which are each surported by a Seperate footstalk of 1/2 an inch 
  in length scattered without order on the upper portion of the peduncle. 
  the calix is a partial involucre or involucret Situated at the base of the 
  footstalk of each flower on the peduncle; it is long thin and begins to 
  decline as soon as the corrolla expands. the corolla consists of five long 
  oval obtusely pointed Skye blue or water coloured petals, each about 1 
  inch in length; the Corolla is regular as to the form and size of the 
  petals but irregular as to their position, five of them are placed near 
  each other pointing upwards while one stands horozontially, or pointing 
  downwards, they are inserted with a Short Claw on the extremity of the 
  footstalk at the base of the germ; the corolla is of course inferior; it 
  is also shriveling, and continues untill the Seed are perfect. The Stamens 
  are perfect, Six in number; the falaments each elivate an anther, near 
  their base are flat on the inner side and rounded on the outer, termonate 
  in a subulate point, and bowed or bent upwards inserted on the inner Side 
  and on the base of the Claws of the petals, below the germ, are equal both 
  with respect to themselves and the Corolla, Smooth membranous. the Anther 
  is oblong obtusely pointed, 2 horned or forked at one end and furrowed 
  longitudinally with four channels, the upper and lower of which Seem 
  almost to divide it into two loabs, incumbent, patent, membranous, very 
  short, necked, two valved and fertile with pollen, which last is of a 
  yellow colour. the Anther in a fiew hours after the Corolla unfoalds, 
  bursts discharges it's pollen and becomes very manute and chrivled; the 
  above discription of the Anther is therefore to be understood of it, at 
  the moment of it's first appearance. the pistillum is only one, of which 
  the Germ is triangular reather Swolen on the Sides, Smooth, Superior, 
  Sessile, pedicelled, Short in proportion to the Corolla tho wide or bulky; 
  the Style is very long or longer than the stamens, simple, cilindrical, 
  bowed or bent upwards, placed on the top of the germ, membranous shrivels 
  and falls off when the pericarp has obtained it's full Size. 
  = 
  the Stigma is three clefts very manute and pubescent. the pericarp is a 
  capsule, triangular, oblong, obtuse, and trilocular with three 
  longitudinal valves. the Seed So far as I could judge are noumerous not 
  very manute and globilar. Soon after the seed are mature the 
  peduncle and foliage of this plant perishes, the ground becoms dry or 
  nearly so and the root increases in size and shortly become fit for use; 
  this happens about the middle of July when the nativs begin to collect it 
  for use which they continue untill the leaves of the plant obtain Some 
  Size in the Spring of the year. when they have Collected a considerable 
  quantity of these roots or 20 or 30 bushels which they readily do by means 
  of Sticks Sharpened at one end, they dig away the surface of the earth 
  forming a cercular concavity of 21/2 feet in the center and 10 feet in 
  diameter; they next collect a parcel of dry split wood with which they 
  cover this bason from the bottom perhaps a foot thick, they next collect a 
  parcel of Stones from 4 to 6 lb# weight which are placed on the dry wood; 
  fire is then Set to the wood which burning heats the Stones; when the fire 
  has subsided and the Stones are sufficiently heated which are nearly a red 
  heat, they are adjusted in such manner in the hole as to form as leavel a 
  Surface as possible, a small quantity of earth is Sprinkled over the 
  Stones, and a layer of grass about an inch thick is laid over the Stone; 
  the roots which have been previously devested of the black or outer coat 
  and radicles which rub off easily with the fingers, are now laid on in a 
  circular pile, are then covered with a layer of grass about 2 or 3 inches 
  thick; water is then thrown on the Summit of the pile and passes through 
  the roots and to the hot Stones at bottom; Some water is also pored around 
  the edges of the hole, and also find it's way to the hot Stones. they 
  cover the roots and grass over with earth to the debth of four inches and 
  then build a fire of dry wood all over the Connical mound which they 
  Continue to renew through the course of the night or for 10 or 12 hours, 
  after which it is Suffered to cool, 2 or three hours, when the earth and 
  grass are removed. and the roots thus Sweated are cooled with Steam or 
  taken out, and most commonly exposed to the Sun on Scaffolds untill they 
  become dry. when they are black and of a Sweet agreeable flavor. these 
  roots are fit for use when first taken from the pitt, are Soft of a 
  Sweetish taste and much the consistancy of a roasted onion; but if they 
  are Suffered to remain in bulk 24 hours after being cooked they Spoil. if 
  the design is to make bread or cakes of those roots they undergo a Second 
  preperation of baking being previously pounded after the first baking 
  between two Stones untill they are reduced to the consistancy of dough and 
  then rolled in grass in cakes of 8 or 10 pounds, are returned to the Sweat 
  intermixes with fresh roots in order that the steam may get freely to 
  those loaves of bread. when taken out the Second time the Indn. woman make 
  up this dough into cakes of various Shapes and Sizes, usually from 1/2 to 
  3/4 of an inch thick and expose it on sticks to dry in the Sun, or place 
  it over the smoke of their fires. The bread thus prepared if kept 
  free from moisture will Sound for a great length of time. this bread or 
  the dryed roots are frequently eaten alone by the nativs without further 
  preperation, and when they have them in abundance they form an ingrediant 
  in almost every dish they prepare. this root is palateable but disagrees 
  with us in every shape we have ever used it. the nativs are extreemly fond 
  of this root and present it their visiters as a great treat. when we first 
  arrived at the Chopunnish last fall at this place our men who were half 
  Starved made So free a use of this root that it made them all Sick for 
  Several days after. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1448-1806-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 12th 1806. All our hunters except Gibson returned about 
  noon; none of them had killed anything except Sheilds who brought with him 
  two deer. in the evening they resumed their hunt and remained out all 
  night. an indian visited us this evening and spent the night at our camp. 
  Whitehouse returned with his horse at 1 P#M# the days are now very warm 
  and the Musquetoes our old companions have become very troublesome. The 
  Cutnose informed us on the 10th before we left him that two young men 
  would overtake us with a view to accompany me to the falls of the 
  Missouri. nothing interesting occurred in the course of this day. our camp 
  is agreeably situated in a point of timbered land on the eastern border of 
  an extensive level and beautiful) prarie which is intersected by several 
  small branches near the bank of one of which our camp is placed. the 
  quawmash is now in blume and from the colour of its bloom at a short 
  distance it resembles lakes of fine clear water, so complete is this 
  deseption that on first sight I could have swoarn it was water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1449-1806-06-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday June 12th 1806. All our hunters except Gibson returned about 
  noon; none of them had killed any thing except Shields who brought with 
  him two deer. in the evening they resumed their hunt and remained out all 
  night. an Indian visited us this evening and Spent the night at our Camp. 
  Whitehouse returned with his horse at 1 P#M# the days are very worm and 
  the Musquetors our old Companions have become very troublesom. 
  = 
  The Cutnose informed us on the 10th before we left him that two young 
  Chiefs would overtake us with a view to accompany us to the Falls of the 
  Missouri and probably to the Seat of our Governmt. nothing interesting 
  occured in the course of this day. our camp is agreeably Situated in a 
  point of timbered land on the eastern borders of an extensive leave) and 
  butifull prarie which is intersected by Several Small branches near the 
  bank of one of which our Camp is placed. the quawmash is now in blume at a 
  Short distance it resembles a lake of fine clear water, So complete is 
  this deseption that on first Sight I could have Sworn it was water. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1450-1806-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 13th 1806. Reubin Feilds and Willard were ordered to proceed 
  on our road to a small prarie 8 miles distant on this side of Collins's 
  Creek and there hunt until our arrival; they departed at 10 A#M# about 
  noon seven of our hunters returned with 8 deer; they had wounded several 
  others and a bear but did not get them. in the evening Labuish and 
  Cruzatte returned and reported that the buzzards had eaten up a deer which 
  they had killed butchered and hung up this morning. The indian who visited 
  us yesterday exchanged his horse for one of ours which had not perfectly 
  recovered from the operation of castration and received a small ax and a 
  knife to boot, he seemed much pleased with his exchange and set out 
  immediately to his village, as if fearfull that we would cansel the 
  bargain which is customary among themselves and deemed only fair. we 
  directed the meat to be cut thin and exposed to dry in the sun. we made a 
  digest of the Indian Nations West of the Rocky Mountains which we have 
  seen and of whom we have been repeated informed by those with whom we were 
  conversent. they amount by our estimate to 69,000 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1451-1806-06-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday June 13th 1806. Ordered Rubin Fields and Willard to proceed on to a 
  Small prarie in the Mountains about 8 miles and there hunt untill we 
  arrive the Set out at 10 A#M# Soon after they Set out all of our hunters 
  returned each with a deer except Shields who brought two in all 8 deer. 
  Labeech and P# Crusatt went out this morning killed a deer & reported 
  that the buzzds. had eate up the deer in their absence after haveing 
  butchered and hung it up. The indian who visited us yesterday exchanged 
  his horse with one of our party for a very indiferant one in which 
  exchange he rcived a Small ax a Knife &c# Soon after he had exchanged 
  he returned to his village well Satisfied. we caused the meat to be cut 
  thin and dried in the sun. I make a list of the Indian Nations their place 
  of residence, and probable number of Soles of each nation from estimation 
  and indian information &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1452-1806-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 14th 1806. Sent our hunters out early this morning. Colter 
  killed a deer and brought it in by 10 A#M# the other hunters except 
  Drewyer returned early without having killed anything. Drewyer returned. 
  we had all our articles packed up and made ready for an early departure in 
  the morning. our horses were caught and most of them hubbled and otherwise 
  confined in order that we might not be detained. from hence to traveller's 
  rest we shall make a forsed march; at that place we shal probably remain 
  one or two days to rest ourselves and horses and procure some meat. we 
  have now been detained near five weeks in consequence of the snows; a 
  serious loss of time at this delightfull season for traveling. I am still 
  apprehensive that the snow and the want of food for our horses will prove 
  a serious imbarrassment to us as at least four days journey of our rout in 
  these mountains lies over hights and along a ledge of mountains never 
  intirely destitute of snow. every body seems anxious to be in motion, 
  convinced that we have not now any time to delay if the calculation is to 
  reach the United States this season; this I am detirmined to accomplish if 
  within the compass of human power. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1453-1806-06-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday June 14th 1806 Sent out Hunters this morning Colter killed a deer 
  and brought it in by 10 A M Drewyer did not return untill night he wounded 
  deer but could get none &c  ¿¿  neither of the other hunters killed 
  nothing. we had our articles packed up ready for a Start in the morning, 
  our horses Collected and hobble that they may not detain us in the 
  morning. we expect to Set out early, and Shall proceed with as much 
  expedition as possible over those Snowey tremendious mountains which has 
  detained us near five weeks in this neighbourhood waiting for the Snows to 
  melt Sufficent for us to pass over them. and even now I Shudder with the 
  expectation with great dificuelties in passing those Mountains, from the 
  debth of Snow and the want of grass Sufficient to Subsist our horses as 
  about 4 days we Shall be on the top of the Mountain which we have every 
  reason to beleive is Covered with Snow the greater part of the year. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1454-1806-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 15th 1806. We had some little difficulty in collecting our 
  horses this morning they had straggled off to a greater distance than 
  usual. it rained very hard in the morning and after collecting our horses 
  we waited for it to abait, but as it had every appearance of a settled 
  rain we set out at 10 A#M# we passed a little prarie at the distance of 
  81/2 me# to which we had previously sent R# Feilds and Willard. we found 
  two deer which they had killed and hung up. at the distance of 21/2 miles 
  further we arrived at Collins's Creek where we found our hunters; they had 
  killed another deer, and had seen two large bear together the one black 
  and the other white. we halted at the creek, dined and graized our horses. 
  the rains have rendered the road very slippery insomuch that it is with 
  much difficulty our horses can get on several of them fell but sustained 
  no injury. after dinner we proceeded up the creek about 1/2 a mile, 
  passing it three times, thence through a high broken country to an 
  Easterly fork of the same creek about 101/2 miles and incamped near a 
  small prarie in the bottom land the fallen timber in addition to the 
  slippry roads made our march slow and extreemly laborious on our horses. 
  the country is exceedingly thickly timbered with long leafed pine, some 
  pitch pine, larch, white pine, white cedar or arborvita of large size, and 
  a variety of firs. the undergrowth principally reed root from 6 to 10 feet 
  high with all the other speceis enumerated the other day. the soil is 
  good; in some plaices it is of a red cast like our lands in Virginia about 
  the S# W# mountains. Saw the speckled woodpecker, bee martin and log cock 
  or large woodpecker. found the nest of a humming bird, it had just began 
  to lay its eggs. Came 22 Miles today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1455-1806-06-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday June 15th 1806 Collected our horses early with the intention of 
  makeing an early Start. Some hard Showers of rain detained us untill  ¿¿ 
  A M at which time we took our final departure from the quawmash fields and 
  proceeded with much dificuelty owing to the Situation of the road which 
  was very Sliprey, and it was with great dificulty that the loaded horses 
  Could assend the hills and Mountains they frequently Sliped down both 
  assending and decending those Steep hills. at g miles we passed through a 
  Small prarie in which was quawmash in this Prarie Reubin Fields & 
  Willard had killed and hung up two deer at 2 miles further we arrived at 
  the Camp of R# Fields & Willard on Collin's Creek, they arrived at 
  this Creek last evening and had killed another Deer near the Creek. here 
  we let our horses graze in a Small glade and took dinner. the rain Seased 
  and Sun Shown out. after detaining about 2 hours we proceeded on passing 
  the Creek three times and passing over Some ruged hills or Spurs of the 
  rocky Mountain, passing the Creek on which I encamped on the 17th Septr. 
  last to a Small glade of about 10 acres thickly Covered with grass and 
  quawmash, near a large Creek and encamped. we passed through bad fallen 
  timber and a high Mountain this evening. from the top of this Mountain I 
  had an extensive view of the rocky Mountains to the South and the 
  Columbian plains for great extent also the S W# Mountains and a range of 
  high Mountains which divides the waters of Lewis's & Clarks rivers and 
  seems to termonate nearly a West Cours. Several high pts. to the N & 
  N# E# Covered with Snow. a remarkable high rugd mountain in the forks of 
  Lewis's river nearly South and covered with Snow. The vally up the 
  Chopunnish river appears extensive tolerably leavel and Covered with 
  timber. The S W# Mountain is very high in a S S W# derection. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1456-1806-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 16th 1806. We collected our horses very readily this morning, 
  took breakfast and set out at 6 A#M#; proceeded up the creek about 2 miles 
  through some handsom meadows of fine grass abounding with quawmash, here 
  we passed the creek & ascended a ridge which led us to the N# E# about 
  seven miles when we arrived at a small branch of hungry creek. the 
  difficulty we met with from the fallen timber detained us untill 11 oC 
  before we reached this place. here is a handsome little glade in which we 
  found some grass for our horses we therefore halted to let them graize and 
  took dinner knowing that there was no other convenient situation for that 
  purpose short of the glaids on hungry creek where we intended to encamp, 
  as the last probable place, at which we shall find a sufficient quantity 
  of grass for many days. this morning Windsor busted his rifle near the 
  muzzle. before we reached this little branch on which we dined we saw in 
  the hollows and N# hillsides large quatities of snow yet undisolved; in 
  some places it was from two to three feet deep. vegetation is 
  proportionably backward; the dogtooth violet is just in blume, the 
  honeysuckle, huckburry and a small speceis of white maple are begining to 
  put fourth their leaves; these appearances in this comparatively low 
  region augers but unfavourably with rispect to the practibility of passing 
  the mountains, however we determined to proceed, accordingly after taking 
  a haisty meal we set out and continued our rout though a thick wood much 
  obstructed with fallen timber, and intersepted by many steep ravines and 
  high hills. the snow has increased in quantity so much that the greater 
  part of our rout this evening was over the snow which has become 
  sufficiently firm to bear our horshes, otherwise it would have been 
  impossible for us to proceed as it lay in immence masses in some places 8 
  or ten feet deep. we found much difficulty in pursuing the road as it was 
  so frequently covered with snow. we arrived early in the evening at the 
  place that Capt# C# had killed and left the flesh of a horse for us last 
  September. here is a small glade in which there was some grass, not a 
  sufficiency for our horses but we thought it most advisable to remain here 
  all night as we apprehended if we proceeded further we should find less 
  grass. the air is pleasent in the course of the day but becomes very cold 
  before morning notwithstanding the shortness of the nights. Hungry creek 
  is but small at this place but is deep and runs a perfect torrent; the 
  water is perfectly transparent and as cold as ice. the pitch pine, white 
  pine some larch and firs constite the timber; the long leafed pine extends 
  a little distance on this side of the main branch of Collins's creek, and 
  the white cedar not further than the branch of hungry creek on which we 
  dined. I killed a small brown pheasant today, it feeds on the tender 
  leaves and buds of the fir and pitch pine. in the fore part of the day I 
  observed the Cullumbine the blue bells and the yelow flowering pea in 
  blume. there is an abundance of a speceis of anjelico in these mountains, 
  much stonger to the taist and more highly scented than that speceis common 
  to the U States. know of no particular virtue or property it possesses; 
  the natives dry it cut it in small peices which they string on a small 
  cord and place about their necks; it smells very pleasantly. we came 15 
  miles today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1457-1806-06-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday June 16th 1806 Collected our horses early and Set Out 7 A M 
  proceeded on up the Creek through a gladey Swompy bottom with grass and 
  quawmash Crossed the Creek to the East and proceeded on through most 
  intolerable bad fallen timber over a high Mountain on which great quantity 
  of Snow is yet lying premisquissly through the thick wood, and in maney 
  places the banks of snow is 4 feet deep. we noned it or dined on a Small 
  Creek in a small open Vally where we found Some grass for our horses to 
  eate, altho Serounded by Snow no other Convenient Situation Short of the 
  glades on Hungery Creek where we intended to encamp, as the last probable 
  place, at which we Shall find a Sufficent quantity of grass for maney 
  days. This morning Windsor bursted his rifle near the Muzzle. Vigitation 
  is propotionable backward; the dog tooth Violet is just in blume, the 
  honeysuckle, huckleberry and a Small Species of white maple are beginning 
  to put foth their leaves, where they are clear of the Snow, those 
  appearances in this comparratively low region augers but unfavourably with 
  respect to the practibility of passing the Mountains, however we deturmine 
  to proceed, accordingly after takeing a hasty meal we Set out and 
  Continued our rout through a thick wood much obstructed with fallen 
  timber, and interupted by maney Steep reveins and hills which wer very 
  high. the Snow has increased in quantity So much that the great part of 
  our rout this evening was over the Snow which has become Sufficently firm 
  to bear our horses, otherwise it would have been impossible for us to 
  proceed as it lay in emince masses in Some places 8 or ten feet deep. We 
  found much dificulty in finding the road, as it was So frequently covered 
  with Snow. we arived early in the evening at the place I had killed and 
  left the flesh of a horse for the party in my rear last Septr. here is a 
  Small glade in which there is Some grass, not a Sufficency of our horses, 
  but we thought it adviseable to remain here all night as we apprehended if 
  we proceeded further we should find less grass. The air is pleasant in the 
  Course of the day, but becomes very cold before morning not withstanding 
  the Shortness of the night. Hungary Creek is but Small at this place but 
  is deep and runs a perfect torrent; the water is perfectly transparent and 
  as Cold as ice. the titch pine, white pine Some Larch and firs consists 
  the timber, the long leafed pine extends but a Short distance on the Mts. 
  Capt# L# killed a Small brown pheasant today, it feeds on the tender 
  leaves and buds of the fir and pitch pine. in the forepart of the day I 
  observed the Cullumbine the blue bells and the Yellow flowering pea in 
  blume. there is an abundance of a Species of Anjelico in the mountains 
  much Stronger to the taiste, and more highly Scented than that Species 
  common to the U States. I know of no particular virtue or property it 
  possesses the nativs dry it Cut it in Small pieces which they string on a 
  Small Cord and place about the necks; it Smells pleasently. we Come 15 Ms# 
  today. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1458-1806-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 17th 1806. we collected our horses and set out early; we 
  proceeded down hungry creek about seven miles passing it twice; we found 
  it difficult and dangerous to pass the creek in consequence of its debth 
  and rapidity; we avoided two other passes of the creek by ascending a very 
  steep rocky and difficult hill. beyond this creek the road ascends the 
  mountain to the hight of the main leading ridges which divides the Waters 
  of the Chopunnish and Kooskooske rivers. this hill or reather mountain we 
  ascended about 3 miles when we found ourselves invelloped in snow from 12 
  to 15 feet deep even on the south sides of the hills with the fairest 
  exposure to the sun; here was winter with all it's rigors; the air was 
  cold, my hands and feet were benumbed. we knew that it would require five 
  days to reach the fish wears at the entrance of Colt Creek, provided we 
  were so fortunate as to be enabled to follow the proper ridges of the 
  mountains to lead us to that place; short of that point we could not hope 
  for any food for our horses not even underwood itself as the whole was 
  covered many feet deep in snow. if we proceeded and should get bewildered 
  in these mountains the certainty was that we should loose all our horses 
  and consequently our baggage instruments perhaps our papers and thus 
  eminently wrisk the loss of the discoveries which we had already made if 
  we should be so fortunate as to escape with life. the snow boar our horses 
  very well and the travelling was therefore infinitely better that the 
  obstruction of rocks and fallen timber which we met with in our passage 
  over last fall when the snow lay on this part of the ridge in detached 
  spots only. under these circumstances we conceived it madnes in this stage 
  of the expedition to proceed without a guide who could certainly conduct 
  us to the fish wears on the Kooskooske, as our horses could not possibly 
  sustain a journey of more than five days without food. we therefore came 
  to the resolution to return with our horses while they were yet strong and 
  in good order and indevour to keep them so untill we could procure an 
  indian to conduct us over the snowey mountains, and again to proceed as 
  soon as we could procure such a guide, knowing from the appearance of the 
  snows that if we remained untill it had desolved sufficiently for us to 
  follow the road that we should not be enabled to return to the United 
  States within this season. having come to this resolution, we ordered the 
  party to make a deposit for all the baggage which we had not immediate use 
  for, and also all the roots and bread of cows which they had except an 
  allowance for a few days to enable them to return to some place at which 
  we could subsist by hunting untill we procured a guide. we left our 
  instruments papers &c beleiving them safer here than to wrisk them on 
  horseback over the roads and creeks which we had passed. our baggage being 
  laid on scaffoalds and well covered we began our retrograde march at 1 
  P#M# having remained about 3 hours on this snowey mountain. we returned by 
  the rout we had come to hungry creek, which we ascended about 2 miles and 
  encamped. we had here more grass for our horses than the preceeding 
  evening yet it was but scant. the party were a good deel dejected tho not 
  so as I had apprehended they would have been. this is the first time since 
  we have been on this long tour that we have ever been compelled to retreat 
  or make a retrograde march. it rained on us most of this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1459-1806-06-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday June 17th 1806 We Collected our horses and Set out early; we 
  proceeded down hungary Creek about 7 miles passing it twice; we found it 
  dificuelt and dangerous to pass the creek in consequence of it's debth and 
  rapidity; we avoided two other passes of the creek, by assending a Steep 
  rockey and difficuelt hill. beyond this Creek the road assends the 
  mountain to the hight of the main leading ridges, which divides the waters 
  of the Kooskooske and Chopunnish Riv's. This mountain we ascended about 3 
  miles when we found ourselves invelloped in snow from 8 to 12 feet deep 
  even on the South Side of the mountain. I was in front and Could only 
  prosue the derection of the road by the trees which had been peeled by the 
  nativs for the iner bark of which they Scraped and eate, as those pealed 
  trees were only to be found Scattered promisquisley, I with great 
  difficulty prosued the direction of the road one mile further to the top 
  of the mountain where I found the Snow from 12 to 15 feet deep, but fiew 
  trees with the fairest exposure to the Sun; here was Winter with all it's 
  rigors; the air was Cold my hands and feet were benumed. we knew that it 
  would require four days to reach the fish weare at the enterance of Colt 
  Creek, provided we were So fortunate as to be enabled to follow the poper 
  ridge of the mountains to lead us to that place; of this all of our most 
  expert woodsmen and principal guides were extreemly doubtfull; Short of 
  that point we could not hope for any food for our horses not even under 
  wood itself as the whole was covered many feet deep in Snow. if we 
  proceeded and Should git bewildered in those Mountains the Certainty was 
  that we Should lose all of our horses and consequencely our baggage 
  enstrements perhaps our papers and thus eventially resque the loss of our 
  discoveries which we had already made if we Should be So fortunate as to 
  escape with life. the Snow bore our horses very well and the traveling was 
  therefore infinately better than the obstruction of rocks and fallen 
  timber which we met with in our passage over last fall when the Snow lay 
  on this part of the ridge in detached spops only. under these 
  Circumstances we Conceived it madness in this stage of the expedition to 
  proceed without a guide who Could Certainly Conduct us to the fishwears on 
  the Kooskooske, as our horses could not possibly Sustain a journey of more 
  than 4 or 5 days without food. we therefore Come to the resolution to 
  return with our horses while they were yet strong and in good order, and 
  indeaver to keep them So untill we could precure an indian to conduct us 
  over the Snowey Mountains, and again to proceed as soon as we could 
  precure Such a guide, knowing from the appearance of the snows that if we 
  remained untill it had disolved Sufficiently for us to follow the road 
  that we Should not be enabled to return to the United States within this 
  Season. having come to this resolution, we ordered the party to make a 
  deposit of all the baggage which we had not imediate use for, and also all 
  the roots and bread of Cows which they had except an allowance for a fiew 
  days to enable them to return to Some place at which we could Subsist by 
  hunting untill we precured a guide. we left our instrements, and I even 
  left the most of my papers believing them Safer here than to Wrisk them on 
  horseback over the road, rocks and water which we had passed. our baggage 
  being laid on Scaffolds and well covered, we began our retragrade march at 
  1 P#M# haveing remain'd about three hours on this Snowey mountain. we 
  returned by the rout we had advanced to hungary Creek, which we assended 
  about 2 miles and encamped. we had here more grass for our horses than the 
  proceeding evening, yet it was but scant. the party were a good deel 
  dejected, tho not as much So as I had apprehended they would have been. 
  this is the first time Since we have been on this long tour that we have 
  ever been compelled to retreat or make a retragrade march. it rained on us 
  the most of this evening. on the top of the Mountain the Weather was very 
  fluctiating and uncertain snowed cloudy & fair in a few minets. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1460-1806-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 18th 1806. This morning we had considerable difficulty in 
  collecting our horses they having straggled off to a considerable distance 
  in surch of food on the sides of the mountains among the thick timber; at 
  9 OCk# we collected them all except one of Drewyers and one of Sheildes; 
  we set out leaving Sheilds and LaPage to collect the two lost horses and 
  follow us. We dispatched Drewyer and Shannon to the Chopunnish Indians in 
  the plains beyond the Kooskooske in order to hasten the arrival of the 
  indians who had promised to accompany us or to procure a gude at all 
  events and rejoin us as soon as possible. we sent by them a rifle which we 
  offered as a reward to any of them who would engage to conduct us to 
  traveller's rest; we also dirrected them if they found difficulty in 
  induciny any of them to accompany us to offer the reward of two other guns 
  to be given them immediately and ten horses at the falls of Missouri. we 
  had not proceeded far this morning before Potts cut his leg very badly 
  with one of the large knives; he cut one of the large veigns on the inner 
  side of the leg; I found much difficulty in stoping the blood which I 
  could not effect untill I applyed a tight bandage with a little cushon of 
  wood and tow on the veign below the wound. Colter's horse fel with him in 
  passing hungry creek and himself and horse were driven down the creek a 
  considerable distance rolling over each other among the rocks. he 
  fortunately escaped without injury or the loss of his gun. by 1 P#M# we 
  returned to the glade on the branch of hungry Creek where we had dined on 
  the 16th inst#. here we again halted and dined. as there was much 
  appearance of deer about this place we left R# and J# Feilds with 
  directions to hunt this evening and tomorrow morning at this place and to 
  join us in the evening at the meadows of Collin's creek where we intend 
  remaining tomorrow in order to rest our horses and hunt. after dinner we 
  proceeded on to Collin's Creek and encamped in a pleasant situation at the 
  upper part of the meadows about 2 ms# above our encampment of the 15th 
  inst#. we sent out several hunters but they returned without having killed 
  anything. they saw a number of salmon in the creek and shot at them 
  several times without success. we directed Colter and Gibson to fix each 
  of them a gigg in the morning and indevour to take some of the salmon. the 
  hunters saw much fresh appearance of bear but very little of deer. we hope 
  by means of the fish together with what deer and bear we can kill to be 
  enabled to subsist untill our guide arrives without the necessity of 
  returning to the quawmash flats. there is a great abundance of good food 
  here to sustain our horses. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1461-1806-06-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday June 18th 1806 This morning we had considerable dificuelty in 
  collecting our horses they haveing Strageled of to a considerable distance 
  in Serch of food on the Sides of the mountains among the thick timber, at 
  9 oClock we Collected them all except 2 one of Shields & one of 
  Drewyer's. we Set out leaving Shields and LePage to collect the two lost 
  horses and follow us. 
  = 
  We dispatched Drewyer and Shannon to the Chopunnish Indians in the plains 
  beyond the Kooskooske in order to hasten the arrival of the Indians who 
  promised to accompany us, or to precure a guide at all events and rejoin 
  us as Soon as possible. We Sent by them a riffle which we offered as a 
  reward to any of them who would engage to conduct us to Clarks river at 
  the entrance of Travellers rest Creek; we also directed them if they found 
  difficuelty in induceing any of them to accompany us to offer the reward 
  of two other guns to be given them immediately and ten horses at the falls 
  of Missouri. we had not proceeded far this morning before J# Potts cut his 
  leg very badly with one of the large knives; he cut one of the large veins 
  on the iner side of the leg; Colters horse fell with him in passing 
  hungary creek and himself and horse were driven down the Creek a 
  considerable distance roleing over each other among the rocks. he 
  fortunately escaped without much injurey or the loss of his gun. he lost 
  his blanket. at 1 P# M we returned to the glade on a branch of hungary 
  Creek where we had dined on the 16th instant. here we again halted and 
  dined. as there was some appearance of deer about this place we left J# 
  & R Field with directions to hunt this evening and tomorrow morning at 
  this place and join us in the evening in the Meadows on Collin's Creek 
  where we intended to remain tomorrow in order to restour horses and hunt. 
  after dinner we proceeded on to the near fork of Collins Creek and 
  encamped in a pleasant Situation at the upper part of the Meadows about 2 
  miles above our encampment of the 15th inst#. we Sent out Several hunters 
  but they returned without having killed any thing. they saw a number of 
  large fish in the Creek and Shot at them Several times without Suckcess. 
  we Gibson and Colter to fix each of themselves a gigg in the morning and 
  indeaver to take Some of those fish. the hunters Saw much fresh appearance 
  of Bear, but very little deer Sign. we hope by the means of the fish 
  together with what deer and bear we can kill to been abled to Subsist 
  untill our guide arives without the necessaty of returning to the quawmash 
  flats. there is great abundance of good food here to Sustain our horses. 
  we are in flattering expectations of the arrival of two young chiefs who 
  informed us that they intended to accompany us to the U# States, and 
  Should Set out from their village in 9 nights after we left them on the 
  19th inst#. if they Set out at that time Drewyer & Shannon will meet 
  them, and probably join us on the 20th or 21st. Musquetors Troublesome. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1462-1806-06-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 19th 1806. Our hunters were out very early this morning, 
  they returned before noon with one deer only. the Fishermen had been more 
  unsuccessfull, they returned without a single fish and reported they could 
  find but few and those they had tryed to take in vain. they had broke both 
  their giggs which were of indian fabrication made of bone. I happened to 
  have a pointed peice of iron in my pouch which answered by cuting in two 
  peices to renew boath giggs. they took one fish this evening which proved 
  to be a salmon trout much to our mortification, for we had hoped that they 
  were the salmon of this spring arrival and of course fat and fine. these 
  trout are of the red kind they remain all winter in the upper parts of the 
  rivers and creeks and are generally poor at this season. At 2 P#M# J & 
  R Feilds arived with two deer; John Sheilds and LaPage came with them, 
  they had not succeeded in finding their horses. late in the evening 
  Frazier reported that my riding horse that of Capt Clark and his mule had 
  gone on towards the Quawmash flatts and that he had pursued their tracks 
  on the road about 21/2 miles. we determined to send out all the hunters in 
  the morning in order to make a fair experiment of the pactability of our 
  being able to subsist at this place and if not we shall move the day after 
  to the Quawmash flatts. the musquetoes have been excessively troublesome 
  to us since our arrival at this place particularly in the evening. 
  Cruzatte brought me several large morells which I roasted and eat without 
  salt pepper or grease in this way I had for the first time the true taist 
  of the morell which is truly an insippid taistless food. our stock of salt 
  is now exhausted except two quarts which I have reserved for my tour up 
  Maria's River and that I left the other day on the mountain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1463-1806-06-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday June 19th 1806 This morning early Collins Labeesh & Crusat 
  turned out to hunt, and Gibson & Colter fixed two Indian giggs and 
  went in Serch of fish in the Creek. I took my gun and walked up the Creek 
  about 4 Miles Saw some bear Sign and one fish only. Gibson killed only one 
  fish which we found to be the Salmon Trout of the dark Species. this fish 
  was of the common Size pore, and indifferently flavoured. Labeesh killed 
  one Deer neither of the others killed any thing. about 1 P#M# Jo# & R#
  Fields Shields & LaPage came up. Reubin &Joseph Fields brought two 
  Deer which R# had killed in the Small glade on a branch of Hungary Creek 
  where we had left them yesterday. Shields & LaPage did not find the 
  two horses which we lost yesterday morning. they report that they hunted 
  with great diligence in the vicinity of our camp of the 17th without 
  suckcess. in my walk of this day up the Creek I observed a great abundance 
  of fine grass sufficient to Sustain our horses any length of time we chose 
  to Stay at this place. Several glades of quawmash. the S W# Sides of the 
  hills is fallen timber and burnt woods, the N# E# Sides of the hills is 
  thickly timbered with lofty pine, and thick under growth This evening 
  Several Salmon trout were Seen in the Creek, they hid themselves under the 
  banks of the Creek which jutted over in Such a manner as to secure them 
  from the Stroke of our giggs nets and spears which were made for the 
  purpose of taking those Salmon trout. we concluded to delay at this place 
  another day with a view to give time to the two young Chiefs to arrive in 
  case they set out on the 19th inst# as they informed us they Should they 
  will have Sufficient time to join us tomorrow or early the next day. 
  Should we get a guide from this place it will Save us two days march 
  through some of the worst road through those Mountains, crouded with 
  fallin timber mud holes and steep hills &c# we directed all the 
  hunters to turn out early and kill something for us to live on &c# 
  Musquetors troublesom 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1464-1806-06-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 20th 1806. Our hunters set out early this morning; most of 
  them returned before noon. R# Feilds killed a brown bear the tallons of 
  which were remarkably short broad at their base and sharply pointed this 
  was of the speceis which the Chopunnish call Yah~kar. it was in very low 
  order and the flesh of the bear in this situation is much inferior to lean 
  venison or the flesh of poor Elk. Labush and Cruzatte returned late in the 
  evening with one deer which the former had killed. we also caught seven 
  salmon trout in the course of the day. the hunters assured us that their 
  greatest exertions would not enable them to support us here more than one 
  or two days longer from the great scarcity of game and the difficult 
  access of the country, the under brush being very thick and great 
  quantities of fallen timber. as we shall necessarily be compelled to 
  remain more than two days for the return of Drewyer and Shannon we 
  determined to return in the morning as far as the quawmash flatts and 
  indeavour to lay in another stock of meat for the mountains, our former 
  stock being now nearly exhausted as well as what we have killed on our 
  return. by returning to the quawmash flatts we shall sooner be informed 
  whether or not we can procure a guide to conduct us through the mountains; 
  should we fail in procuring one, we have determined to wrisk a passage on 
  the following plan immediately, because should we wait much longer or 
  untill the snow desolves in such manner as to enable us to follow the road 
  we cannot hope to reach the United States this winter; this is that Capt# 
  C# or myself shall take four of our most expert woodsmen with three or 
  four of our best horses and proceed two days in advance taking a 
  plentiful) supply of provision. for this party to follow the road by the 
  marks which the baggage of the indians has made in many places on the 
  sides of the trees by rubing against them, and to blaize the trees with a 
  tomahawk as they proceeded. that after proceeding two days in advance of 
  hungary creek two of those men would be sent back to the main party who by 
  the time of their return to Hungary Creek would have reached that place. 
  the men so returning would be enabled to inform the main party of the 
  probable success of the preceeding party in finding the road and of their 
  probable progress, in order that should it be necessary, the main party by 
  the delay of a day or two at hungary creek, should give the advance time 
  to mark the road through before the main party could overtake them, and 
  thus prevent delay on the part of the rout where no food is to be obtained 
  for our horses. should it so happen that the advance could not find the 
  road by the marks on the trees after attempting it for two days, the whole 
  of then would return to the main party. in which case we wold bring back 
  our baggage and attempt a passage over these mountains through the country 
  of the Shoshones further to the South by way of the main S# Westerly fork 
  of Lewis's river and Madison or Gallatin's rivers, where from the 
  information of the Chopunnish there is a passage which at this season of 
  the year is not obstructed by snow, though the round is very distant and 
  would require at least a month in it's performance. The Shoshones informed 
  us when we first met with them that there was a passage across the 
  mountains in that quarter but represented the difficulties arrising from 
  steep high and rugged mountains and also an extensive and barren plain 
  which was to be passed without game, as infinitely more difficult than the 
  rout by which we came. from the circumstance of the Chopunnish being at 
  war with that part of the Shoshones who inhabit the country on this side 
  of the Mountains through which the road passes I think it is highly 
  probable that they cannot be well informed with rispect to the road, and 
  further, had there been a better road in that quarter the Shoshones on the 
  East fork of Lewis's river who knew them both would not have recommended 
  that by which we came to this country. the travelling in the mountains on 
  the snow at present is very good, the snow bears the horses perfictly; it 
  is a firm coase snow without a crust, and the horses have good foot hold 
  without sliping much; the only dificulty is finding the road, and I think 
  the plan we have devised will succeed even should we not be enabled to 
  obtain a guide. Although the snow may be stated on an average at 10 feet 
  deep yet arround the bodies of the trees it has desolved much more than in 
  other parts not being generally more than one or two feet deep immediately 
  at the roots of the trees, and; of course the marks left by the rubing of 
  the indian baggage against them is not concealed. the reason why the snow 
  is comparitively so shallow about the roots of the trees I presume 
  proceeds as well from the snow in falling being thrown off from their 
  bodies by their thick and spreading branches as from the reflection of the 
  sun against the trees and the warmth which they in some measure acquire 
  from the earth which is never frozen underneath these masses of snow. 
  Bratton's horse was also discovered to be absent this evening. I presume 
  he has also returned to the flatts. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1465-1806-06-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday June 20th 1806 The hunters turned out early in different 
  directions, our guiggers also turned out with 2 guigs a Bayonet fixed on a 
  pole, a Scooping nett and a Snar made of horse. near the ford of the Creek 
  in a deep hole we killed Six Salmon trout & 2 others were killed in 
  the Creek above in the evening. Reubin Field killed a redish brown bear 
  which was very meagure. the tallons of this bear was remarkably Short 
  broad at their base and Sharply pointed, this was of the Species the 
  Chopunnish call Yahkar. as it was in very low order the flesh was 
  indifferent. Labiesh & Crusat returned late in the evening with one 
  deer which the former had killed. the hunters assured us that, their 
  greatest exertions would not enable them to support us here more than one 
  or two days longer, from the great scercity of game and the dificuelt 
  access of the Country, the under brush being very thick and great 
  quantities of fallen timber. as we shall necessarily be compelled to 
  remain more than two days for the return of Drewyer & Shannon we 
  determine to return in the morning as far as the quawmash flatts, and 
  endeaver to lay in another Stock of meat for the mountains, our former 
  Stock now being nearly exhosted as well as what we have killed on our 
  rout. by returning to the quawmash flatts we Shall Sooner be informed 
  wheather or not we can precure a guide to conduct us through the 
  Mountains; Should we fail in precureing one, we are deturmined to wrisk a 
  passage on the following plan immediately, because Should we wait much 
  longer, or untill the Snow disolves in Such manner as to enable us to 
  follow the road we cannot expect to reach the U States this Winter; this 
  is that Capt# L# or myself shall take four of our most expert woods men 
  with 3 or four of our best horses and proceed two days in advance takeing 
  a plentiful Supply of provisions. for this party to follow the road by the 
  mark the indins have made in many places with their baggage on the Sides 
  of the trees by rubbing against them, and to blaize the trees with a 
  tomahawk as they proceed. that after proceeding two days in advance of 
  Hungary Creek, two of those men would be sent back to the party who by the 
  time of their return to hungary Creek would have reached that place. the 
  men So returning would be enabled to inform the main party of the probable 
  Suckcess of the proceeding party in finding the road and of their probable 
  progress, in order that Should it be necessary, the main party by a delay 
  of a day or two a hungary Creek, should give the advance time to make the 
  road through before the main party could overtake them, and thus prevent 
  delay on that part of the rout where no food is to be obtained for our 
  horses. Should it So happen that the advance Should not find the road by 
  the marks of the trees after attempting it for two days, the whole of them 
  would return to the main party. in which Case we would bring back our 
  baggage and attempt a passage over the Mountains through the Country of 
  the Shoshones further to the South, by way of the main S Westerly fork of 
  Lewis's river and Madisons or Gallitins river's, where from the 
  information of the Chopunnish, there is a passage where at this season of 
  the year is not obstructed by snow, though the round is very distant and 
  would require at least a month in it's preformance. The Shoshones informed 
  us when we first met with them that there was a passage across the 
  Mountains in that quarter but represented the difficuelties arriseing from 
  Steep ruggid high mountains, and also an extensive and barren plain which 
  was to be passed without game, as infinitely more difficuelt than the rout 
  by which we Came. from the Circumstance of the Chopunnish being at war 
  with that part of the Shoshones who inhabit the Country on this side of 
  the Mountains through which the road passes, I think it is highly probable 
  they cannot be well informed with respect to the road, and further, had 
  there been a better road in that quarter the Shoshones on the East fork of 
  Lewis's river who knew them boath would not have recommend'd that by which 
  we came to this country. The travelling in the Mountains on the Snow, at 
  present is very good, the Snow bears the horses perfectly; it is a firm 
  coase Snow without a crust, and the horses have good foot hold without 
  slipping much; the only dificuelty is finding the road, and I think the 
  plan we have devised will Suckceed even Should we not be enabled to obtain 
  a guide. altho the Snow may be Stated on an average at 10 feet deep, yet 
  arround the body of the trees it has disolved much more than in other 
  parts, not being generally more than one or two feet deep imediately at 
  the roots of the trees, and of course the marks made by the rubbing of the 
  Indian baggage against them is not Concealed. The reason why the Snow is 
  comparitively So Shallow about the roots of the trees, 1 prosume proceeds 
  as well from the Snow in falling being thrown off from their bodies by the 
  thick and Spreading branches, as from the reflection of the Sun against 
  the trees and the warmth which they in Some measure acquire from the earth 
  which is never frozen underneath those masses of Snow. 4 of our horses are 
  absent. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1466-1806-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 21st 1806. We collected our horses early set out on our 
  return to the flatts. we all felt some mortification in being thus 
  compelled to retrace our steps through this tedious and difficult part of 
  our rout, obstructed with brush and innumerable logs of fallen timber 
  which renders the traveling distressing and even dangerous to our horses. 
  one of Thompson's horses is either choked this morning or has the 
  distemper very badly I fear he is to be of no further service to us. an 
  excellent horse of Cruzatte's snagged himself so badly in the groin in 
  jumping over a parsel of fallen timber that he will evidently be of no 
  further service to us. at the pass of Collin's Creek we met two indians 
  who were on their way over the mountain; they had brought with them the 
  three horses and the mule that had left us and returned to the quawmash 
  grounds. these indians returned with us about 1/2 a mile down the creek 
  where we halted to dine and graize our horses at the same place I had 
  halted and remained all night with the party on the  ¿¿  of Septembr last. 
  as well as we could understand the indians they informed us that they had 
  seen Drewyer and Shannon and that they would not return untill the 
  expiration of two days; the cause why Drewyer and Shannon had not returned 
  with these men we are at a loss to account for. we pressed these indians 
  to remain with us and to conduct us over the mountain on the return of 
  Drewyer and Shannon. they consented to remain two nights for us and 
  accordingly deposited their store of roots and bread in the bushes at no 
  great distance and after dinner returned with us, as far as the little 
  prarie about 2 miles distant from the creek, here they halted with their 
  horses and informed us they would remain untill we overtook them or at 
  least two nights. they had four supenumery horses with them. we sent on 
  four hunters a head to the quawmash flatts to take an evenings hunt; they 
  so far succeeded as to kill one deer. we left Reubin and J# Feilds at the 
  Creek where we dined together with Sergt Gass in order to hunt about that 
  place untill our return. at seven in the evening we found ourselves once 
  more at our old encampment where we shall anxiously await the return of 
  Drewyer and Shannon. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1467-1806-06-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday June 21st 1806 We collected our horses early and Set out on our 
  return to the flatts. we all felt Some mortification in being thus 
  compelled to retrace our Steps through this tedious and difficuelt part of 
  our rout, obstructed with brush and innumerable logs and fallen timber 
  which renders the traveling distressing and even dangerous to our horses. 
  one of Thompsons horses is either choked this morning or has the distemper 
  badly. I fear he is to be of no further Survice to us. an excellent horse 
  of Cruzatt's snagged himself So badly in the groin in jumping over a 
  parcel of fallen timber that he will eventually be of no further Survice 
  to us. at the pass of Collin's Creek we met two indians who were on their 
  way over the mountains, they had brought with them the three horses and 
  the Mule which had left us and returned to the quawmash ground. those 
  indians returned with us about 1/2 a mile down the Creek where we halted 
  to dine and graze our horses. as well as we Could understand the indians 
  they informed us they had Seen Geo Drewyer & Shannon, and that they 
  would not return untill the expiration of two days. the cause why Drewyer 
  & Shannon did not return with these men we are at a loss to account 
  for. we pressed those indians to remain with us and conduct us over the 
  Mountains on the return of Drewyer & Shannon. they consented to remain 
  two nights for us and accordingly deposited their Stores of roots & 
  Bread in the bushes at no great distance and after Dinner returned with 
  us, as far as the little prarie about 2 Miles distance from the Creek, 
  here they halted with their horses and informed us they would remain 
  untill we overtook them or at least 2 nights. they had four Supernoumery 
  horses with them. We Sent on four hunters a head to the quawmash flatts to 
  make an evening hunt; they So far Suckceeded as to kill one deer. We left 
  R# and Jo# Fields at the Creek where we dined, and Sergt# Gass in order to 
  hunt about that place untill our return. at 7 in the evening we found 
  ourselves once more at our old encampment where we Shall anxiously await 
  the return of Drewyer & Shannon. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1468-1806-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 22nd 1806. this morning by light all hands who could hunt were 
  sent out; the result of this days perfomance was greater than we had even 
  hoped for. we killed eight deer and three bear. we dispatched Whitehouse 
  to the Kooskooske near our old encampment above Collins's Creek in order 
  to procure some Salmon which we have understood the natives are now taking 
  in considerable quantities near that place. we gave Whitehouse a few beads 
  which Capt# C# had unexpectedly found in one of his waistcoat pockets to 
  purchase the fish. nothing further worthy of notice occurred in the course 
  of this day. the last evening was cool but the day was remarkably pleasent 
  with a fine breize from the N# W# neither Drewyer Shannon nor Whitehouse 
  returned this evening. Potts's legg is inflamed and very painfull to 
  him. we apply a poltice of the roots of Cows. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1469-1806-06-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday June 22nd 1806 This morning by light all hands who Could hunt were 
  Sent out, the result of the days performance was greater than we had even 
  hopes for. we killed eight Deer and three Bear. we despatched whitehouse 
  to the Kooskooke near our old encampment above Collins Creek in order to 
  precure Some Salmon which we understood the nativs are now takeing in 
  considerable quantities near that place. we gave whitehouse a fiew beeds 
  which I unexpectedly found in one of my waistcoat pockets to purchase the 
  fish. nothing further occured in the Course of this day. the last evening 
  was Cool but the day was remarkably pleasant with a fine breeze from the 
  N# W# neither Shannon Drewyer nor whitehouse returned this evening. Potts 
  legg is inflamed and very painfull to him. we apply a poltice of the root 
  of Cowes 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1470-1806-06-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 23rd 1806. Apprehensive from Drewyer's delay that he had met 
  with some difficulty in procuring a guide, and also that the two indians 
  who had promised to wait two nights for us would set out today, we thought 
  it most advisable to dispatch Frazier and Wiser to them this morning with 
  a vew if possible to detain them a day or two longer; and directed that in 
  the event of their not being able to detain the indians, that Sergt# Gass, 
  R & J# Feilds and Wiser should accompany the indians by whatever rout 
  they might take to travellers rest and blaize the trees well as they 
  proceeded and wait at that place untill our arrivall with the party. the 
  hunters as usual wer dispatched early this morning. the does now having 
  their fawns the hunters can bleat them up and in that manner kill them 
  with more facility and ease. the indians pursue the game so much on 
  horseback in this neighbourhood that it is very shye. our hunters killed 4 
  deer and a bear today. at 4 P#M# Drewyer Shannon and Whitehouse returned. 
  Drewyer brought with him three indians who had consented to accompany us 
  to the falls of the Missouri for the compensation of two guns. one of 
  those men is the brother of the cutnose and the other two are the same who 
  presented Capt# Clark and myself each with a horse on a former occasion at 
  the Lodge of the broken arm. these are all young men of good character and 
  much respected by their nation. we directed the horses to be brought near 
  camp this evening and secured in such manner that they may be readily 
  obtained in the morning being determined to make an early start if 
  possible. Colter one of our hunters did not return this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1471-1806-06-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday June 23rd 1806 Apprehensive from Drewyer & Shannons delay that 
  they had met with Some dif icuelty in precureing a guide, and also that 
  the two indians who had promised to wait two nights for us would Set out 
  today, we thought it most adviseable to dispatch Wizer & Frazier to 
  them this morning with a view if possible to detain them a day or two 
  longer; and directed that in the event of their not being able to detain 
  the indians, that Sergt# Gass, Jo# & R# Field & Wiser Should 
  accompany the Indians by whatever rout they might take to travellers rest 
  and blaize the trees well as they proceeded, and wait at that place untill 
  our arival with the party. the hunters as usial were dispatched early this 
  morning. The does now haveing their young the hunters can blait them up, 
  and in that manner kill them with more facillity and ease. the indians 
  pursue the game So much on horse back in this neighbourhood that it is 
  very Shye. our hunters killed  ¿¿  deer today. at 4 P#M# Shannon Drewyer 
  & Whitehouse returned. Shannon & Drewyer brought with them three 
  indians who had consented to accompany us to the falls of the Missouri for 
  the Compensation of 2 guns. one of those men is the brother of the Cutnose 
  and the other two are the Same who presented Capt L# and myself with a 
  horse on a former occasion at the Lodge of the broken arm, and the two who 
  promised to pursue us in nine nights after we left the river, or on the 
  19th inst# Those are all young men of good Charrector and much respected 
  by their nation. those men infor us that thir nation as well as the 
  Wallar~wallars have made peace with the Shoshones agreeable to our late 
  advice to them. they also inform us that they have heard by means of the 
  Skeetsomis Nation & Clarks river that the Big bellies of Fort de 
  Prarie Killed great numbers of the Shoshons and Otte lee Shoots which we 
  met with last fall on the East fork of Lewis's river and high up the West 
  fork of Clarks river &c# 
  = 
  We directed the horses to be brought near Camp and secured in Such a 
  manner that they may be readily obtained in the morning being deturmined 
  to make an early Start if possible ¬ Colter one of our hunters did 
  not return this evening 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1472-1806-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday June 24th 1806. We collected our horses early this morning and set 
  out accompanyed by our three guides. Colter joined us this morning having 
  killed a bear, which from his discription of it's poverty and distance we 
  did not think proper to send after. we nooned it as usual at Collins's 
  Creek where we found Frazier, solus; the other four men having gone in 
  pursuit of the two indian men who had set out from Collins's Creek two 
  hours before Frazier and Wizer arrived. after dinner we continued our rout 
  to Fish Creek a branch of Collins's Creek where we had lain on the 19th 
  & 20th inst#. here we found Sergt# Gass Wiser and the two indians whom 
  they had prevailed on to remain at that place untill our arrival; R# & 
  J# Feilds had only killed one small deer only while they lay at Collins's 
  Creek and of this they had been liberal to the indians insomuch that they 
  had no provision; they had gone on to the branch of hungary Creek at which 
  we shall noon it tomorrow in order to hunt. we had fine grass for our 
  horses this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1473-1806-06-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday June 24th 1806 We collected our horses early this morning and Set 
  out accompanied by our 3 guides. Colter joined us this morning haveing 
  killed a Bear, which from his discription of it's poverty and distance we 
  did not think proper to send after. We nooned it as usial at Collins's 
  Creek where we found Frazier, solus; the other four men haveing Born in 
  pursute of the two indians who had Set out from Collin's Creek two hours 
  before Fraziers arrival Wiser arrived there. after dinner we Continued our 
  rout to fish Creek a branch of Collin's creek where we had lain the 15th 
  18th 19th & 20th inst#. here we found Sargt. Gass, Wiser and the two 
  indian men whome they had prevaild on to remain at that place untill our 
  arival; Jos. & R# Field had killed one Small deer only while they lay 
  at Collins creek, and of this they had been liberal to the indians 
  insomuch that they had no provisions; they had gone on to the branch of 
  hungary Creek at which we shall noon it tomorrow in order to hunt. we had 
  fine grass for our horses this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1474-1806-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday June 25th 1806. last evening the indians entertained us with 
  seting the fir trees on fire. they have a great number of dry lims near 
  their bodies which when set on fire creates a very suddon and immence 
  blaze from bottom to top of those tall trees. they are a beatifull object 
  in this situation at night. this exhibition reminded me of a display of 
  fireworks. the natives told us that their object in seting those trees on 
  fire was to bring fair weather for our journey. We collected our 
  horses readily and set out at an early hour this morning. one of our 
  guides complained of being unwell, a symptom which I did not much like as 
  such complaints with an indian is generally the prelude to his abandoning 
  any enterprize with which he is not well pleased. we left them at our 
  encampment and they promised to pursue us in a few hours. at 11 A#M# we 
  arrived at the branch of hungary creek where we found R# & J# Feilds. 
  they had not killed anything. here we halted and dined and our guides 
  overtook us. at this place I met with a plant the root of which the 
  shoshones eat. it is a small knob root a good deel in flavor an 
  consistency like the Jerusalem Artichoke. it has two small oval smooth 
  leaves placed opposite on either side of the peduncle just above the root. 
  the scape is only about 4 inches long is round and smooth. the roots of 
  this plant formed one of those collections of roots which Drewyer took 
  from the Shoshones last summer on the head of Jefferson's river. after 
  dinner we continued our rout to hungary Creek and encamped about one and a 
  half miles below our encampment of the 16th inst#. the indians 
  continued with us and I beleive are disposed to be faithfull to their 
  engagement. I gave the sik indian a buffaloe robe he having no other 
  covering except his mockersons and a dressed Elkskin without the hair. 
  Drewyer and Sheilds were sent on this morning to hungry Creek in surch of 
  their horses which they fortunately recovered. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1475-1806-06-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday June 25th 1806 last evening the indians entertained us with 
  Setting the fir trees on fire. they have a great number of dry limbs near 
  their bodies which when Set on fire create a very Sudden and eminence 
  blaize from bottom to top of those tail trees. they are a boutifull object 
  in this Situation at night. this exhibition remide me of a display of 
  firewoks. the nativs told us that their object in Setting those trees on 
  fire was to bring fair weather for our journey. We Collected our horses 
  and Set out at an early hour this morning. one of our guides Complained of 
  being unwell, a Symptom which I did not much like as such complaints with 
  an indian is generally the prelude to his abandoning any enterprize with 
  which he is not well pleased. we left 4 of those indians at our encampment 
  they promised to pursue us in a fiew hours. at 11 A#M# we arrived at the 
  branch of hungary Creek where we found Jo# & R# Fields. they had not 
  killed anything. here we halted and dined and our guides overtook us. at 
  this place the squaw Collected a parcel of roots of which the Shoshones 
  Eat. it is a Small knob root a good deel in flavour and Consistency like 
  the Jerusolem artichoke. it has two Small Smooth oval leaves placed 
  opposit on either Side of the peduncle just above the root. the scope is 
  only about 4 inches long is round and Smooth. the roots of this plant 
  forms one of the Colection of roots which D. took from the Shoshones last 
  fall on the head of Jefferson river. after dinner we continued our rout to 
  hungary creek and encamped about one and a half miles below our Encampment 
  of the 16th inst# The indians all continue with us and I beleive are 
  disposed to be faithfull to their engagements. Capt# L# gave the Sick 
  indian a Small buffalow robe which he brought from the Missouri, this 
  indian having no other Covering except his mockersons and a dressed Elk 
  Skin without the hair. Drewyer & Shields were sent on this morning to 
  hungary Creek in serch of their horses which they fortunately recovered. came 
   ¿¿  miles to daye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1476-1806-06-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday June 26th 1806. This morning we collected our horses and set out 
  after an early breakfast or at 6 A#M# we passed by the same rout we had 
  travelled on the 17th inst# to our deposit on the top of the snowey 
  mountain to the N# E# of hungary Creek. here we necessarily halted about 2 
  hours to arrange our baggage and prepare our loads. we cooked and made a 
  haisty meal of boiled venison and mush of cows. the snow has subsided near 
  four feet since the 17th inst#. we now measured it accurately and found 
  from a mark which we had made on a tree when we were last here on the 17th 
  that it was then 10 feet 10 inches which appeared to be about the common 
  debth though it is deeper still in some places. it is now generally about 
  7 feet. on our way up this mountain about the border of the snowey region 
  we killed 2 of the small black pheasant and a female of the large 
  dommanicker or speckled pheasant, the former have 16 fathers in their tail 
  and the latter 20 while the common pheasant have only 18. the indians 
  informed us that neither of these speceis drumed; they appear to be very 
  silent birds for I never heared either of them make a noise in any 
  situation. the indians haistened to be off and informed us that it was a 
  considerable distance to the place which they wished to reach this evening 
  where there was grass for our horses. accordingly we set out with our 
  guides who lead us over and along the steep sides of tremendious mountains 
  entirely covered with snow except about the roots of the trees where the 
  snow had sometimes melted and exposed a few square feet of the earth. we 
  ascended and decended severall lofty and steep hights but keeping on the 
  dividing ridge between the Chopunnish and Kooskooske rivers we passed no 
  stream of water. late in the evening much to the satisfaction of ourselves 
  and the comfort of our horses we arrived at the desired spot and encamped 
  on the steep side of a mountain convenient to a good spring. having passed 
  a few miles our camp of 18 Sepr 1805 here we found an abundance of fine 
  grass for our horses. this situation was the side of an untimbered 
  mountain with a fair southern aspect where the snows from appearance had 
  been desolved about 10 days. the grass was young and tender of course and 
  had much the appearance of the greenswoard. there is a great abundance of 
  a speceis of bear~grass which grows on every part of these mountains it's 
  growth is luxouriant and continues green all winter but the horses will 
  not eat it. soon after we had encamped we were overtaken by a Chopunnish 
  man who had pursued us with a view to accompany me to the falls of the 
  Missouri. we were now informed that the two young men whom we met on the 
  21st and detained several days are going on a party of pleasure mearly to 
  the Oote~lash~shoots or as they call them Sha~lees a band of the 
  Tush~she~pah nation who reside on Clark's river in the neighbourhood of 
  traveller's rest. one of our guides lost 2 of his horses, which he 
  returned in surch of; he found them and rejoined us a little before dark. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1477-1806-06-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday June 26th 1806 We collected our horses and Set out early and 
  proceeded on Down hungary Creek a fiew miles and assended to the Summit of 
  the mountain where we deposited our baggage on the 17th inst# found every 
  thing Safe and as we had left them. the Snow which was 10 feet 10 inches 
  deep on the top of the mountain, had sunk to 7 feet tho perfectly hard and 
  firm. we made Some fire Cooked dinner and dined, while our horses Stood on 
  snow 7 feet deep at least. after dinner we packed up and proceeded on. 
  about the borders of the Snowey region we killed 2 Small black pheasents 
  and a female of the large dommanicker or Speckled pheasent, the former 
  have 16 feathers in the tail and the latter 20 while the common Pheasent 
  have 18. the indians informed us that neither of these Speces drumed; they 
  appear to be very Silent birds for I never heard any of them make any 
  noise. the Indians hastened us off and informed us that it was a 
  considerable distance to the place they wished to reach this evening where 
  there was grass for our horses. accordingly we Set out with our guides who 
  led us over and along the Steep Sides of tremendious Mountains entirely 
  covered with Snow except about the roots of the trees where the Snow was 
  partially melted and exposed a Small Spot of earth. we assended and 
  decended Several Steep lofty hights but keeping on the dividing ridge of 
  the Chopunnish & Kooskooske river we passed no Stream of water. late 
  in the evening much to the Satisfaction of ourselves and the Comfort of 
  the horses we arived at the desired Spot and Encamped on the Steep Side of 
  a Mountain Convenient to a good Spring. here we found an abundance of fine 
  grass for our horses. this Situation was the Side of an untimbered 
  mountain with a fair Southern aspect where the Snow from appearance had 
  been disolved about 10 days, the grass was young and tender of course and 
  had much the appearance of the Green Swoard. there is a great abundance of 
  Species of bear grass which grows on every part of those Mountains, its 
  growth is luxurient and continues green all winter but the horses will not 
  eate it. Soon after we had encamped we were over taken by a Chopunnish man 
  who had pursued us with a view to accompany Capt Lewis to the falls of 
  Missouri. we were now informed that the two young men we met on the 21st 
  and detained Several days were going on a party of pleasure mearly to the 
  Oat~lash~shoots or as they call them Sha~lees a band of the Tush~she~pah 
  Nation who reside on Clarks river in the neighbourhood of the Mouth of 
  Travelers rest. one of our Guides lost 2 of his horses, he returned in 
  Serch of them he found them & rejoined us at Dark. all of the Indians 
  with us have two & 3 horses each. I was taken yesterday with a violent 
  pain in my head which has tormented me ever Since, most violently 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1478-1806-06-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday June 27th 1806. We collected our horses early and set out. the road 
  still continued on the heights of the same dividing ridge on which we had 
  traveled yesterday for nine miles or to our encampment of the 18th of 
  September last. about one mile short of this encampment on an elivated 
  point we halted by the request of the Indians a few minutes and smoked the 
  pipe. on this eminence the natives have raised a conic mound of stones of 
  6 or eight feet high and on it's summit erected a pine pole of 15 feet 
  long from hence they informed us that when passing over with their familes 
  some of the men were usually sent on foot by the fishery at the entrance 
  of Colt Creek in order to take fish and again met the main party at the 
  Quawmash glade on the head of the Kooskooske river. from this place we had 
  an extensive view of these stupendous mountains principally covered with 
  snow like that on which we stood; we were entirely surrounded by those 
  mountains from which to one unacquainted with them it would have seemed 
  impossible ever to have escaped; in short without the assistance of our 
  guides I doubt much whether we who had once passed them could find our way 
  to Travellers rest in their present situation for the marked trees on 
  which we had placed considerable reliance are much fewer and more 
  difficult to find than we had apprehended. these fellows are most 
  admireable pilots; we find the road wherever the snow has disappeared 
  though it be only for a few hundred paces. after smoking the pipe and 
  contemplating this seene sufficient to have damp the sperits of any except 
  such hardy travellers as we have become, we continued our march and at the 
  distance of 3 ms# decended a steep mountain and passed two small branches 
  of the Chopunnish river just above their forks and again ascended the 
  ridge on which we passed several miles and at a distance of 7 ms# arrived 
  at our encampment of September near which we passed 3 small branches of 
  the Chopunnish river and again ascended to the dividing ridge on which we 
  continued nine miles when the ridge became lower and we arrived at a 
  situation very similar to our encampment of the last evening tho the ridge 
  was somewhat higher and the snow had not been so long desolved of course 
  there was but little grass. here we encamped for the night having traveled 
  28 miles over these mountains without releiving the horses from their 
  packs or their having any food. the indians inform us that there is an 
  abundance of the mountain sheep or what they call white buffaloe. we saw 
  three black~tailed or mule deer this evening but were unable to get a 
  shoot at them. we also saw several tracks of those animals in the snow. 
  the indians inform that there is great abundance of Elk in the vally about 
  the Fishery on the Kooskooske River. our meat being exhausted we issued a 
  pint of bears oil to a mess which with their boiled roots made an 
  agreeable dish. Potts's legg which has been much swolen and inflamed for 
  several days is much better this evening and gives him but little pain. we 
  applyed the pounded roots and leaves of the wild ginger & from which 
  he found great relief. neare our encampment we saw a great number of 
  the yellow lilly with reflected petals in blume; this plant was just as 
  forward here at this time as it was in the plains on the 10th of may. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1479-1806-06-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday June 27th 1806 We collected our horses early and Set out. the road 
  Still Continue on the hights of the Dividing ridge on which we had 
  traveled yesterday for 9 Ms# or to our encampment of the 16th Septr. last. 
  about 1 m# Short of the encampment we halted by the request of the Guides 
  a fiew minits on an ellevated point and Smoked a pipe on this eminance the 
  nativs have raised a conic mound of Stons of 6 or 8 feet high and erected 
  a pine pole of 15 feet long. from hence they informed us that when passing 
  over with their families some of the men were usually Sent on foot by the 
  fishery at the enterance of Colt Creek in order to take fish and again 
  meet the party at the quawmash glade on the head of Kooskoske river. from 
  this place we had an extencive view of these Stupendeous Mountains 
  principally Covered with Snow like that on which we Stood; we were 
  entirely Serounded by those mountains from which to one unacquainted with 
  them it would have Seemed impossible ever to have escaped, in short 
  without the assistance of our guides, I doubt much whether we who had once 
  passed them could find our way to Travellers rest in their present 
  Situation for the marked trees on which we had placed Considerable 
  reliance are much fewer and more difficuelt to find than we had 
  apprehended. those indians are most admireable pilots; we find the road 
  wherever the Snow has disappeared tho it be only for a fiew paces. after 
  haveing Smoked the pipe and Contemplating this Scene Sufficient to have 
  dampened the Spirits of any except Such hardy travellers as we have 
  become, we continued our march and at the dist# Of 3 m# decended a Steep 
  mountain and passed two Small branches of the Chopunnish river just above 
  their fok, and again assend the ridge on which we passed. at the distance 
  of 7 m# arived at our Encampment of 16th Septr. last passed 3 Small 
  branches passed on a dividing ridge rugid and we arived at a Situation 
  very Similar to our Situation of last night tho the ridge was Somewhat 
  higher and the Snow had not been So long disolved of course there was but 
  little grass. here we Encamped for the night haveing traveled 28 Ms# over 
  these mountains without releiveing the horses from their packs or their 
  haveing any food. the Indians inform us that there is an abundance of the 
  Mountain Sheep, or what they Call white Buffalow on those Mountains. we 
  Saw 3 black tail or mule deer this evening but were unable to get a Shoot 
  at them. we also Saw Several tracks of those animals in the snow. our Meat 
  being exhosted we issued a point of Bears Oil to a mess which with their 
  boiled roots made an agreeable dish. Jo# Potts leg which had been much 
  Swelled and inflaimed for several days is much better this evening and 
  givs him but little pain. we applied the poundd root & leaves of wild 
  ginger from which he found great relief. Near our encampment we saw great 
  numbers of the Yellow lilly with reflected petals in blume; this plant was 
  just as foward here at this time as it was in the plains on the 10th of 
  May. My head has not pained me so much to day as yesterday and last night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1480-1806-06-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday June 28th 1806. This morning we collected our horses and set out 
  as usual after an early breakfast. several of our horses had straggled to 
  a considersble distance in surch of food but we were fortunate enough to 
  find them in good time they look extreemly gant this morning, however the 
  indians informed us that at noon we would arrive at a place where there 
  was good food for them. we continued our rout along the dividing ridge 
  passing one very deep hollow and at the distance of six miles passed our 
  encampment of the 16 of September last, one and a half miles further we 
  passed the road which leads by the fishery falling in on the wright 
  immediately on the dividing ridge about eleven O'clock we arrived at an 
  untimbered side of a mountain with a Southern aspect just above the 
  fishery here we found an abundance of grass for our horses as the Indians 
  had informed us. as our horses were very hungary and much fatiegued and 
  from information no other place where we could obtain grass for them 
  within the reach of this evening's travel we determined to remain at this 
  place all night having come 13 miles only. the water was distant from our 
  encampment we therefore melted snow and used the water principally. the 
  whole of the rout of this day was over deep snows. we find the traveling 
  on the snow not worse than without it, as the easy passage it gives us 
  over rocks and fallen timber fully compensate for the inconvenience of 
  sliping, certain it is that we travel considerably faster on the snow than 
  without it. the snow sinks from 2 to 3 inches with a hors, is coarse and 
  firm and seems to be formed of the larger and more dense particles of the 
  snow; the surface of the snow is reather harder in the morning than after 
  the sun shines on it a few hours, but it is not in that situation so dense 
  as to prevent the horse from obtaining good foothold. we killed a small 
  black pheasant; this bird is generally found in the snowey region of the 
  mountains and feeds on the leaves of the pine and fir. there is a speceis 
  of small whortleburry common to the hights of the mountains, and a speceis 
  of grass with a broad succulent leaf which looks not unlike a flag; of the 
  latter the horses are very fond, but as yet it is generally under the snow 
  or mearly making it's appearance as it confined to the upper parts of the 
  highest mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1481-1806-06-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday June 28th 1806 This morning we Colected our horses and Set out as 
  usial after an early brackfast. we continued our rout along the dividig 
  ridge over knobs & through deep hollows passed our encampmt of the 14 
  Sept. last near the forks of the road leaving the one on which we had Came 
  one leading to the fishery to our right imediately on the dividing ridge. 
  at 12 oClock we arived at an untimberd side of a mountain with a southern 
  aspect just above the fishery here we found an abundance of grass for our 
  horses as the guids had informed us. as our horses were hungary and much 
  fatiegued and from information no other place where we could obtain grass 
  for them within the reach of this evening's travel we deturmined to remain 
  at this place all night haveing come 13 m# only. the water was distant 
  from our Encampment we therefore melted Snow and used the water. the whole 
  of the rout of this day was over deep Snow. we find the travelling on the 
  Snow not worse than without it, as easy passage it givs us over rocks and 
  fallen timber fully compensates for the inconvenience of sliping, certain 
  it is that we travel considerably faster on the snow than without it. the 
  Snow Sinks from 2 to 3 inches with a horse, is course and firm and seems 
  to be formed of the larger particles the surface of the snow sees to be 
  rather harder in the morning than after the Sun Shines on it a fiew hours, 
  but it is not in that situation so dense as to prevent the horses from 
  obtaining good foothold. I killed a Small black pheasant; this bird is 
  generally found in the Snowey region of the mountains and feeds on the 
  leaves of the pine & fir. there is a Species of Small huckleberry 
  common to the hights of the mountains, and a Species of grass with a broad 
  succulent leaf which looks not unlike a flag; of the latter the horses are 
  very fond, but as yet it is generally under the Snow, or mearly makeing 
  it's appearance as it confined to the upper part of the highest mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1482-1806-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday June 29th 1806. We collected our horses early this morning and set 
  out, having previously dispatched Drewyer and R# Fields to the warm 
  springs to hunt. we pursued the hights of the ridge on which we have been 
  passing for several days; it terminated at the distance of 5 ms# from our 
  encampment and we decended to, and passed the main branch of the 
  Kooskooske 11/2 ms# above the entrance of Quawmash creek wid falls in on 
  the N# E# side. when we decended from this ridge we bid adieu to the snow. 
  near the river we fund a deer which the hunters had killed and left us. 
  this was a fortunate supply as all our oil was now exhausted and we were 
  reduced to our roots alone without salt. the Kooskooske at this place is 
  about 30 yds# wide and runs with great volocity. the bed as all the 
  mountain streams is composed of smooth stones. beyond the river we 
  ascended a very steep acclivity of a mountain about 2 Miles and arrived at 
  it's summit where we found the old road which we had pased as we went out, 
  coming in on our wright. the road was now much plainer and more beaten, 
  which we were informed happened from the circumstance of the 
  Ootslashshoots visiting the fishery frequently from the vally of Clark's 
  river; tho there was no appearance of there having been here this spring. 
  at noon we arrived at the quawmas flatts on the Creek of the same name and 
  halted to graize our horses and dine having traveled 12 miles. we passed 
  our encampment of the 13th of September at 10 ms# where we halted there is 
  a pretty little plain of about 50 acres plentifully stocked with quawmash 
  and from apperances this fromes one of the principal stages or encampments 
  of the indians who pass the mountains on this road. we found after we had 
  halted that one of our packhorses with his load and one of my riding 
  horses were left behind. we dispatched J# Feilds and Colter in surch of 
  the lost horses. after dinner we continued our march seven miles further 
  to the warm springs where we arrived early in the evening and sent out 
  several hunters, who as well as R Fields and Drewyer returned 
  unsuccessful; late in the evening Colter and J# Fields joined us with the 
  lost horses and brought with them a deer which they had killed, this 
  furnished us with supper. these warm springs are situated at the base of a 
  hill of no considerable hight on the N side and near the bank of 
  travellers rest creek which at that place is about 10 yards wide. these 
  springs issue from the bottoms and through the interstices of a grey 
  freestone rock, the rock rises in iregular masy clifts in a circular range 
  arround the springs on their lower side. immediately above the springs on 
  the creek there is a handsome little quamas plain of about 10 acres. the 
  prinsipal spring is about the temperature of the warmest baths used at the 
  hot springs in Virginia. In this bath which had been prepared by the 
  Indians by stoping the run with stone and gravel, I bathed and remained in 
  19 minutes, it was with dificulty I could remain thus long and it caused a 
  profuse sweat two other bold springs adjacent to this are much warmer, 
  their heat being so great as to make the hand of a person smart extreemly 
  when immerced. I think the temperature of these springs about the same as 
  the hotest of the hot springs in Virginia. both the men and indians amused 
  themselves with the use of a bath this evening. I observed that the 
  indians after remaining in the hot bath as long as they could bear it ran 
  and plunged themselves into the creek the water of which is now as cold as 
  ice can make it; after remaining here a few minutes they returned again to 
  the warm bath, repeating this transision several times but always ending 
  with the warm bath. I killed a small black pheasant near the quamash 
  grounds this evening which is the first I have seen below the snowy 
  region. I also saw some young pheasants which were about the size of 
  Chickens of 3 days old. saw the track of two bearfoot indians who were 
  supposed to be distressed rufugees who had fled from the Minnetares. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1483-1806-06-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday June 29th 1806 We colected our horses and Set out haveing 
  previously dispatched Drewyer & R# Field to the Warm Springs to hunt. 
  we prosued the hights of the ridge on which we have been passing for 
  several days; it termonated at the distance of 5 M# from our encampment, 
  and we decended to & passed the main branch of Kooskooke 11/2 Ms# 
  above the enterance of Glade Creek which falls in on the N# E# Side. we 
  bid adew to the Snow. near the River we found a Deer which the hunters had 
  killed and left us. this was a fortunate Supply as all our bears oil was 
  now exhosted, and we were reduced to our roots alone without Salt. the 
  river is 30 yds wide and runs with great velossity. the bead as all the 
  Mountain streams is composed of Smooth Stone. beyond this river we 
  assended a Steep Mountain about 2 Miles to it's Sumit where we found the 
  old road which we had passed on as we went out. comeing in on our right, 
  the road was now much plainer and much beaten. at noon we arived at the 
  quawmash flatts on Vally Creek and halted to graize our horses and dined 
  haveing traveled 12 Miles here is a pretty little plain of about 50 acres 
  plentifully Stocked with quawmash and from appearance this forms one of 
  the principal Stages of the indians who pass the mountains on this road. 
  we found that one of our pack horss with his load and one of Capt# L#s. 
  horses were missing we dispatched Jo# Field & Colter in serch of the 
  lost horse's. after dinner we continued our march 7 ms further to the worm 
  Springs where we arrived early in the evening, and Sent out Several 
  hunters, who as well as R# Field & Drewyer returned unsuksessfull; 
  late in the evening Jo# Field & Colter joined us with the lost horses 
  and brought with them a Deer which J# F. had killed, this furnished us 
  with a Supper. 
  = 
  Those Worm or Hot Springs are Situated at the base of a a hill of no 
  considerable hight, on the N# Side and near the bank of travellers rest 
  Creek which is at that place about 10 yds wide. these Springs issue from 
  the bottom and through the interstices of a grey freestone rock, the rock 
  rises in irregular masy clifts in a circular range, arround the Springs on 
  their lower Side. imediately above the Springs on the Creek there is a 
  handsom little quawmash plain of about 10 acres. the principal Spring is 
  about the temperature of the Warmest baths used at the Hot Springs in 
  Virginia. in this bath which had been prepared by the Indians by stopping 
  the river with Stone and mud, I bathed and remained in 10 minits it was 
  with dificuelty I could remain this long and it causd a profuse swet. two 
  other bold Springs adjacent to this are much warmer, their heat being so 
  great as to make the hand of a person Smart extreemly when immerced. we 
  think the temperature of those Springs about the Same as that of the 
  hotest of the hot Springs of Virginia. both the Men and the indians amused 
  themselves with the use of the bath this evening. I observe after the 
  indians remaining in the hot bath as long as they could bear it run and 
  plunge themselves into the Creek the water of which is now as Cold as ice 
  Can make it; after remaining here a fiew minits they return again to the 
  worm bath repeeting this transision Several times but always ending with 
  the worm bath. Saw the tracks of 2 bearfooted indians. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1484-1806-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday June 30th 1806. We dispatched Drewyer and J# Fields early this 
  morning to hunt on the road and indeavour to obtain some meat for us. just 
  as we had prepared to set out at an early hour a deer came in to lick at 
  these springs and one of our hunters killed it; this secured us our 
  dinners, and we proceeded down the creek sometimes in the bottoms and at 
  other times on the top or along the steep sides of the ridge to the N# of 
  the Creek. at one mile from the springs we passed a stout branch of the 
  creek on the north side and at noon having travelled 13 ms# we arrived at 
  the entrance of a second Northen branch of the creek where we had nooned 
  it on the 12 th of Septr. last. here we halted, dined and graized our 
  horses. while here Sheilds took a small tern and killed a deer. at this 
  place a road turns off to the wright which the indians informed us leads 
  to Clarks river some distance below where there is a fine extensive vally 
  in which the Shalees or Ootslashshoots sometimes reside. in descending the 
  creek this morning on the steep side of a high hill my horse sliped with 
  both his hinder feet out of the road and fell, I also fell off backwards 
  and slid near 40 feet down the hill before I could stop myself such was 
  the steepness of the declivity; the horse was near falling on me in the 
  first instance but fortunately recovers and we both escaped unhirt. I saw 
  a small grey squirrel today much like those of the Pacific coast only that 
  the belly of this was white. I also met with the plant in blume which is 
  sometimes called the lady's slipper or mockerson flower. it is in shape 
  and appearance like ours only that the corolla is white, marked with small 
  veigns of pale red longitudinally on the inner side. after dinner we 
  resumed our march. soon after seting out Sheilds killed another deer and 
  in the course of the evening we picked up three others which Drewyer had 
  killed along the road making a total of 6 today. Deer are very abundant in 
  the neighbourhood of travellers rest of both speceis, also some bighorns 
  and Elk. a little before sunset we arrived at our old encampment on the 
  south side of the creek a little above it's entrance into Clark's river. 
  here we encamped with a view to remain two days in order to rest ourselves 
  and horses & make our final arrangements for seperation. we came 19 
  ms# after dinner the road being much better than it has been since we 
  entered the mountains we found no appearance of the Ootslashshoots having 
  been here lately. the indians express much concern for them and apprehend 
  that the Minnetares of fort de Prarie have distroyed them in the course of 
  the last winter and spring, and mention the tracks of the bearfoot Indians 
  which we saw yesterday as an evidence of their being much distressed. our 
  horses have stood the journey supprisingly well, most of them are yet in 
  fine order, and only want a few days rest to restore them perfectly. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1485-1806-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday June 30th 1806 We dispatched Drewyer & Jo# Field early this 
  morning ahead to hunt. just as we had prepard. to set out at an early 
  hour, a deer Came in to lick at the Springs and one of our hunters killed 
  it; this Secired to us our dinner. and we proceeded down the Creek, 
  Sometimes in the bottoms and at other times on the tops or along the Steep 
  Sides of the ridge to the N of the Creek. at 11/2 m# we passd our 
  encampment of the 12th of Septr. last. we noon'd it at the place we had on 
  the 12 of Septr. last whiles here Shields killed a deer on the N# fork 
  near the road. here a rode leads up the N# fork and passed over to an 
  extensive vally on Clarks river at Some distance down that river as our 
  guids inform us. after dinner we resumed our march. Soon after Setting out 
  Shields killed another deer, and we picked up 3 others which G Drewyer had 
  killed along the road. Deer are very abundant in the neighbourhood of 
  travellers rest of boath Specis, also Some big horn and Elk. a little 
  before Sunset we arrived at our old encampment on the S# Side of the Creek 
  a little above its enterance into Clarks river. here we Encamped with a 
  view to remain 2 days in order to rest ourselves and horses and make our 
  final arrangements for Seperation. we found no signs of the Oatlashshots 
  haveing been here lately. the Indians express much Concern for them and 
  apprehend that the Menetarries of Fort d Prar have destroyed them in the 
  course of the last Winter and Spring, and mention the tracts of the 
  bearfooted indians which we Saw yesterday as an evidence of their being 
  much distressed. our horses have stood the journey Supirisinly well and 
  only want a fiew days rest to restore them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1486-1806-06-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  June 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Descended the mountain to Travellers rest leaveing those tremendious 
  mountanes behind us ¬ in passing of which we have experiensed Cold and 
  hunger of which I shall ever remember. in passing over this part of the 
  Rocky mountains from Clarks river, to the quawmash flats from the 14th to 
  the 19th of Septr. 1805 we marched through Snow, which fell on us on the 
  night of the 14th and nearly all the day of the 15 in addition to the cold 
  rendered the air cool and the way difficuelt. our food was horses of which 
  we eate three. On our return we Set out from the quawmash flats on 
  the 15th of June and commenes the assent of the rocky mountains; the air 
  became cool and vigitation backward ¬ on the 16th we met with banks of 
  Snow and in the hollars and maney of the hill Sides the Snow was from 3 to 
  4 feet deep and Scercely any grass vegitation just commencing where the 
  Snow had melted ¬ on the 17th at meridian, the Snow became So deep in 
  every derection from 6 to 8 feet deep we could not prosue the road there 
  being no grass for our horses we were obliged to return to the quawmash 
  flatts to precure meat to live on as well as grass for our horses ¬ leaveing 
  our baggage on the mountains We precured 5 Indians as pilots and on the 
  24th of June 1806 we again under took those Snowey regn. on the 26th we 
  with our baggage arived at an open plain serounded with Snow where there 
  was grass for horses on the 27th & 28th also passing over Snow 6 or 8 
  feet deep all the way on 29th passed over but little Snow ¬ but saw 
  great masses of it lying in different directions 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1487-1806-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 1st 1806. This morning early we sent out all our hunters. set 
  Sheilds at work to repair some of our guns which were out of order Capt# 
  Clark & my self consurted the following plan viz# from this place I 
  determined to go with a small party by the most direct rout to the falls 
  of the Missouri, there to leave Thompson McNeal and goodrich to prepare 
  carriages and geer for the purpose of transporting the canoes and baggage 
  over the portage, and myself and six volunteers to ascend Maria's river 
  with a view to explore the country and ascertain whether any branch of 
  that river lies as far north as Latd# 50 and again return and join the 
  party who are to decend the Missouri, at the entrance of Maria's river. I 
  now called for the volunteers to accompany me on this rout, many turned 
  out, from whom I scelected Drewyer the two Feildses, Werner, Frazier and 
  Sergt Gass accompanied me the other part of the men are to proceed with 
  Capt Clark to the head of Jefferson's river where we deposited sundry 
  articles and left our canoes. from hence Sergt Ordway with a party of 9 
  men are to decend the river with the canoes; Capt C# with the remaining 
  ten including Charbono and York will proceed to the Yellowstone river at 
  it's nearest approach to the three forks of the missouri, here he will 
  build a canoe and decend the Yellowstone river with Charbono the indian 
  woman, his servant York and five others to the missouri where should he 
  arrive first he will wait my arrival. Sergt Pryor with two other men are 
  to proceed with the horses by land to the Mandans and thence to the 
  British posts on the Assinniboin with a letter to Mr# Heney whom we wish 
  to engage to prevail on the Sioux Chefs to join us on the Missouri, and 
  accompany them with us to the seat of the general government. these 
  arrangements being made the party were informed of our design and prepared 
  themselves accordingly. our hunters killed 13 deer in the course of this 
  day of which 7 were fine bucks, deer are large and in fine order. the 
  indians inform us that there are a great number of white buffaloe or 
  mountain sheep of the snowey hights of the mountains West of this river; 
  they state that they inhabit the most rocky and inaccessible parts, and 
  run but badly, that they kill them with great ease with their arrows when 
  they can find them. the indian warrior who overtook us on the 26th Ult. 
  made me a present of an excellent horse which he said he gave for the good 
  council we had given himself and nation and also to assure us of his 
  attatchment to the white men and his desire to be at peace with the 
  Minnetares of Fort de Prarie. we had our venison fleeced and exposed in 
  the sun on pole to dry. the dove the black woodpecker, the lark 
  woodpecker, the logcock, the prarie lark, sandhill crain, prarie hen with 
  the short and pointed tail, the robin, a speceis of brown plover, a few 
  curloos, small black birds, ravens hawks and a variety of sparrows as well 
  as the bee martin and the several speceis of Corvus genus are found in 
  this vally. 
  = 
  Windsor birst his gun near the muzzle a few days since; this Sheilds cut 
  off and I then exchanged it with the Cheif for the one we had given him 
  for conducting us over the mountains. he was much pleased with the 
  exchange and shot his gun several times; he shoots very well for an 
  inexperienced person. 
  = 
  The little animal found in the plains of the Missouri which I have called 
  the barking squirrel weighs from 3 to 31/2 pounds. it's form is that of 
  the squirrel. it's colour is an uniform light brick red grey, the red 
  reather predominating. the under side of the neck and bely are lighter 
  coloured than the other parts of the body. the legs are short, and it is 
  wide across the breast and sholders in propotion to it's size, appears 
  strongly formed in that part; the head is also bony muscular and stout, 
  reather more blontly terminated wider and flatter than the common 
  squirrel. the upper lip is split or divided to the nose. the ears are 
  short and lie close to the head, having the appearance of being cut off, 
  in this particular they resemble the guinea pig. the teeth are like those 
  of the squrrel rat &c# they have a false jaw or pocket between the 
  skin and the mustle of the jaw like that of the common ground squrrel but 
  not so large in proportion to their size. they have large and full 
  whiskers on each side of the nose, a few long hairs of the same kind on 
  each jaw and over the eyes. the eye is small and black. they have five 
  toes on each foot of which the two outer toes on each foot are much shoter 
  than those in the center particularly the two inner toes of the fore feet, 
  the toes of the fore feet are remarkably long and sharp and seem well 
  adapted to cratching or burrowing those of the hind feet are neither as 
  long or sharp as the former; the nails are black. the hair of this animal 
  is about as long and equally as course as that of the common grey squrrel 
  of our country, and the hair of the tail is not longer than that of the 
  body except immediately at the extremity where it is somewhat longer and 
  frequently of a dark brown colour. the part of generation in the female is 
  placed on the lower region of the belly between the hinder legs so far 
  forward that she must lie on her back to copolate. the whole length of 
  this animal is one foot five inches from the extremity of the nose to that 
  of the tail of which the tail occupyes 4 inches. it is nearly double the 
  size of the whistleing squirrel of the Columbia. it is much more quick 
  active and fleet than it's form would indicate. these squirrels burrow in 
  the ground in the open plains usually at a considerable distance from the 
  water yet are never seen at any distance from their burrows. six or eight 
  usually reside in one burrow to which there is never more than one 
  entrance. these burrows are of great debth. I once dug and pursued a 
  burrow to the debth of ten feet and did not reach it's greatest debth. 
  they generally associate in large societies placing their burrows near 
  each other and frequently occupy in this manner several hundred acres of 
  land. when at rest above ground their position is generally erect on their 
  hinder feet and rump; thus they will generally set and bark at you as you 
  approach them, their note being much that of the little toy dogs, their 
  yelps are in quick succession and at each they a motion to their tails 
  upwards. they feed on the grass and weeds within the limits of their 
  village which they never appear to exceed on any occasion. as they are 
  usually numerous they keep the grass and weeds within their district very 
  closely graized and as clean as if it had been swept. the earth which they 
  throw out of their burrows is usually formed into a conic mound around the 
  entrance. this little animal is frequently very fat and it's flesh is not 
  unpleasant. as soon as the hard frosts commence it shuts up it's burrow 
  and continues within untill spring. it will eat grain or meat. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1488-1806-07-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday July 1st 1806 on Clark's river We Sent out all the hunters very 
  early this morning by 12 OClock they all returned haveing killd. 12 Deer 
  Six of them large fat Bucks, this is like once more returning to the land 
  of liveing a plenty of meat and that very good. as Capt# Lewis and Myself 
  part at this place we make a division of our party and such baggage and 
  provisions as is Souteable. the party who will accompany Capt L# is G# 
  Drewyer, Sergt# Gass, Jo# & R# Fields, Frazier & Werner, and 
  Thompson Goodrich & McNear as far as the Falls of Missouri at which 
  place the 3 latter will remain untill I Send down the Canoes from the head 
  of Jeffersons river. they will then join that party and after passing the 
  portage around the falls, proceed on down to the enterance of Maria where 
  Capt# Lewis will join them after haveing assended that river as high up as 
  Laid# 50° North. from the head of Jeffersons river I shall proceed on to 
  the head of the Rockejhone with a party of 9 or 10 men and desend that 
  river. from the R Rockejhone I Shall dispatch Sergt# Pryor with the horses 
  to the Mandans and from thence to the Tradeing Establishments of the N# W# 
  Co on the Assinniboin River with a letter which we have written for the 
  purpose to engage Mr# H# Haney to endeaver to get Some of the principal 
  Chiefs of the Scioux to accompany us to the Seat of our government &#. 
  we divide the Loading and apportion the horses. Capt L# only takes 17 
  horses with him, 8 only of which he intends to take up the Maria &c# 
  One of the Indians who accompaned us Swam Clarks river and examined the 
  Country around, on his return he informed us that he had discovered where 
  a Band of the Tushepaws had encamped this Spring passed of 64 Lodges, 
  & that they had passed Down Clarks river and that it was probable that 
  they were near the quawmash flatts on a Easterly branch of that river. 
  those guides expressed a desire to return to their nation and not 
  accompany us further, we informed them that if they was deturmined to 
  return we would kill some meat for them, but wished that they would 
  accompy Capt# Lewis on the rout to the falls of Missouri only 2 nights and 
  show him the right road to cross the Mountains. this they agreed to do. we 
  gave a medal of the Small Size to the young man Son to the late Great 
  Chief of the Chopunnish Nation who had been remarkably kind to us in every 
  instance, to all the others we tied a bunch of blue ribon about the hair, 
  which pleased them very much. the Indian man who overtook us in the 
  Mountain, presented Capt# Lewis with a horse and said that he opened his 
  ears to what we had said, and hoped that Cap Lewis would see the 
  Crovanters of Fort De Prarie and make a good peace that it was their 
  desire to be at peace. Shew them the horse as a token of their wishes 
  &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1489-1806-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 2ed 1806. We sent out the hunters early this morning, they 
  returned not so succesfull as yesterday having killed 2 deer only. Sheilds 
  continued repairing the gunns which he compleated by evening. all 
  arrangements being now compleat we determined to set out in the morning. 
  in the course of the day we had much conversation with the indians by 
  signs, our only mode of communicating our ideas. they informed us that 
  they wished to go in surch of the Ootslashshoots their friends and 
  intended leaving us tomorrow morning, I prevailed on them to go with me as 
  far as the East branch of Clark's River and put me on the road to the 
  Missouri. I gave the Cheif a medal of the small size; he insisted on 
  exchanging names with me according to their custom which was accordingly 
  done and I was called Yo~me~kol~lick which interpreted is the white 
  bearskin foalded. in the evening the indians run their horses, and we had 
  several foot races betwen the natives and our party with various success. 
  these are a race of hardy strong athletic active men. nothin worthy of 
  notice transpired in the course of the day. Goodrich and McNeal are both 
  very unwell with the pox which they contracted last winter with the 
  Chinnook women this forms my inducement principally for taking them to the 
  falls of the Missouri where during an intervail of rest they can use the 
  murcury freely. I found two speceis of native clover here, the one with a 
  very narrow small leaf and a pale red flower, the other nearly as 
  luxouriant as our red clover with a white flower the leaf and blume of the 
  latter are proportionably large. I found several other uncommon plants 
  specemines of which I preserved. The leaf of the cottonwood on this river 
  is like that common to the Columbia narrower than that common to the lower 
  part of the Missouri and Mississippi and wider than that on the upper part 
  of the Missouri. the wild rose, servise berry, white berryed honeysuckle, 
  seven bark, elder, alder aspin, choke cherry and the broad and narrow 
  leafed willow are natives of this valley. the long leafed pine forms the 
  principal timber of the neighbourhood, and grows as well in the river 
  bottoms as on the hills. the firs and larch are confined to the higher 
  parts of the hills and mountains. the tops of the high mountains on either 
  side of this river are covered with snow. the musquetoes have been 
  excessively troublesome to us since our arrival at this place. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1490-1806-07-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday July 2nd 1806 Sent out 2 hunters this morning and they killed 2 
  Deer. the Musquetors has been So troublesom day and night Since our 
  arrival in this Vally that we are tormented very much by them and Cant 
  write except under our Bears. We gave the Second gun to our guides 
  agreeable to our promis, and to each we gave Powder & ball I had the 
  greater part of the meat dried for to Subsist my party in the Mountains 
  between the head of Jeffersons & Clarks rivers where I do not expect 
  to find any game to kill. had all of our arms put in the most prime order 
  two of the rifles have unfortunately bursted near the muscle, Shields Cut 
  them off and they Shute tolerable well one which is very Short we 
  exchanged with the Indian whoe we had given a longer gun to induc them to 
  pilot us across the Mountains. we caused every man to fill his horn with 
  powder & have a sufficincy of Balls &c# the last day in passing 
  down Travellers rest Creek Capt Lewis fell down the Side of a Steep 
  Mountain near 40 feet but fortunately receved no dammage. his hors was 
  near falling on him but fortunately recovered and they both escaped 
  unhurt. I killed a Small grey squurel and a Common pheasant. Capt L# 
  Showed me a plant in blume which is Sometimes called the ladies Slipper or 
  Mockerson flower. it is in shape and appearance like ours only that the 
  corolla is white marked with Small veigns of pale red longitudinally on 
  the inner Side, and much Smaller. The Indians and Some of our men amused 
  themselves in running races on foot as well as with their horses. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1491-1806-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 3rd 1806. All arrangements being now compleated for carrying 
  into effect the several scheemes we had planed for execution on our 
  return, we saddled our horses and set out I took leave of my worthy friend 
  and companion Capt# Clark and the party that accompanyed him. I could not 
  avoid feeling much concern on this occasion although I hoped this 
  seperation was only momentary. I proceeded down Clark's river seven miles 
  with my party of nine men and five indians. here the Indians recommended 
  our passing the river which was rapid and 150 yds# wide. 2 miles above 
  this place I passed the entrance of the East branch of Clark's River which 
  discharges itself by two channels; the water of this river is more terbid 
  than the main stream and is from 90 to 120 yds# wide. as we had no other 
  means of passing the river we busied ourselves collecting dry timber for 
  the purpose of constructing rafts; timber being scarce we found 
  considerable difficulty in procuring as much as made three small rafts. we 
  arrived at 11 A#M# and had our rafts completed by 3 P#M# when we dined and 
  began to take over our baggage which we effected in the course of 3 hours 
  the rafts being obliged to return several times. the Indians swam over 
  their horses and drew over their baggage in little basons of deer skins 
  which they constructed in a very few minutes for that purpose. we drove 
  our horses in after them and they followed to the opposite shore. I 
  remained myself with two men who could scarcely swim untill the last; by 
  this time the raft by passing so frequently had fallen a considerable 
  distance down the river to a rapid and difficult part of it crouded with 
  several small Islands and willow bars which were now overflown; with these 
  men I set out on the raft and was soon hurried down with the current a 
  mile and a half before we made shore, on our approach to the shore the 
  raft sunk and I was drawn off the raft by a bush and swam on shore the two 
  men remained on the raft and fortunately effected a landing at some little 
  distance below. I wet the chronometer by this accedent which I had placed 
  in my fob as I conceived for greater security. I now joined the party and 
  we proceeded with the indians about 3 Ms# to a small Creek and encamped at 
  sunset. I sent out the hunters who soon returned with three very fine deer 
  of which I gave the indians half These people now informed me that the 
  road which they shewed me at no great distance from our Camp would lead us 
  up the East branch of Clark's river and a river they called Cokahlarishkit 
  or the river of the road to buffaloe and thence to medicine river and the 
  falls of the Missouri where we wished to go. they alledged that as the 
  road was a well beaten track we could not now miss our way and as they 
  were affraid of meeting with their enimies the Minnetares they could not 
  think of continuing with us any longer, that they wished now to proceed 
  down Clark's river in surch of their friends the Shalees. they informed us 
  that not far from the dividing ridge between the waters of this and the 
  Missouri rivers the roads forked they recommended the left hand as the 
  best rout but said they would both lead us to the falls of the Missouri. I 
  directed the hunters to turn out early in the morning and indeavour to 
  kill some more meat for these people whom I was unwilling to leave without 
  giving them a good supply of provision after their having been so obliging 
  as to conduct us through those tremendious mountains. the musquetoes were 
  so excessively troublesome this evening that we were obliged to kindle 
  large fires for our horses these insects tortured them in such manner 
  untill they placed themselves in the smoke of the fires that I realy 
  thought they would become frantic. about an hour after dark the air become 
  so coald that the musquetoes disappeared. 
  = 
  We saw the fresh track of a horse this evening in the road near our camp 
  which the indians supposed to be a Shale spye. we killed a prarie hen with 
  the short and pointed tail she had a number of young which could just fly. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1492-1806-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 4th 1806. An Indian arrived alone from the West side of the 
  mountains. he had pursued and overtook us here. sent out the hunters early 
  to kill some meat to give the indians as they would not go with us further 
  and I was unwilling after they service they had rendered to send them away 
  without a good store of provision. they are going down Clark's River in 
  surch of the Shalees their friends, and from thence intend returning by 
  this rout home again, they fleesed their meat informed us that they should 
  dry it and leave it for their homeward journey. Set out at 12. had 
  killed no deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1493-1806-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 4th 1806. I arrose early this morning and sent out Drewyer and 
  the Fieldses to hunt. at 6. A#M# a man of the Pallote pellows arrived from 
  the West side of the Rocky mountains; he had pursued us a few days after 
  our departure and overtook us at this place; he proved to be the same 
  young man who had first attempted to pass the rocky mountains early in 
  June last when we lay on the Kooskooske and was obliged to relinquish the 
  enterprize in consequence of the debth and softness of the snow. I gave a 
  shirt a handkercheif and a small quantity of ammunition to the indians. at 
  half after eleven the hunters returned from the chase unsuccessfull. I now 
  ordered the horses saddled smoked a pipe with these friendly people and at 
  noon bid them adieu. they had cut the meat which I gave them last evening 
  thin and exposed it in the sun to dry informing me that they should leave 
  it in this neighbourhood untill they returned as a store for their 
  homeward journey. it is worthy of remark that these people were about to 
  return by the same pass by which they had conducted us through the 
  difficult part of the Rocky Mountains, altho they were about to decend 
  Clark's river several days journey in surch of the Shale's their 
  relations, a circumstance which to my mind furnishes sufficient evidence 
  that there is not so near or so good a rout to the plains of Columbia by 
  land along that river as that which we came. the several war routs of the 
  Minetarees which fall into this vally of Clark's river concenter at 
  traveller's rest beyond which point they have never yet dared to venture 
  in pursuit of the nations beyond the mountains. all the nations also on 
  the west side of the mountain with whom we are acquainted inhabiting the 
  waters of Lewis's river & who visit the plains of the Missouri pass by 
  this rout. these affectionate people our guides betrayed every emmotion of 
  unfeigned regret at seperating from us; they said that they were confidint 
  that the Pahkees, (the appellation they give the Minnetares) would cut us 
  off. the first 5 miles of our rout was through a part of the extensive 
  plain in which we were encamped, we then entered the mountains with the 
  East fork of Clark's river through a narrow confined pass on it's N# side 
  continuing up that river five ms# further to the entrance of the 
  Cokahlahishkit R which falls in on the N# E# side, is 60 yds# wide deep 
  and rapid. the banks bold not very high but never overflow. the East fork 
  below its junction with this stream is 100 yds# wide and above it about 
  90. the water of boath are terbid but the East branch much the most so; 
  their beds are composed of sand and gravel; the East fork possesses a 
  large portion of the former. neither of those streams are navigable in 
  consequence of the rapids and shoals which obstruct their currents. thus 
  far a plain or untimbered country bordered the river which near the 
  junction of these streams spread into a handsome level plain of no great 
  extent; the hills were covered with long leafed pine and fir. I now 
  continued my rout up the N# side of the Cokahlahishkit river through a 
  timbered country for 8 miles and encamped in a handsom bottom on the river 
  where there was an abundance of excelence grass for our horses. the 
  evening was fine, air pleasent and no musquetoes. a few miles before we 
  encamped I killed a squirrel of the speceis common to the Rocky Mountains 
  and a ground squirrel of a speceis which I had never before seen, I 
  preserved the skins of both of these animals. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1494-1806-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 5th 1806. Set out at 6 A#M# ¬ steered N# 75 E# 61/2 M# passed a 
  stout C# N Side at 21/2 M# another just above saw an old indian encampment 
  of 11 lodges of bark and leather on S# side at 31/2 M# killed a deer. 
  = 
  N# 25 E# 12 m# passing a small creek at one m# on S side on which there is 
  a handsom and extensive Valley and plain for 10 or 12 ms# also another 
  creek 12 yd# wide at 1/2 a mile further on N# sides and another 8 yds# 
  wide on N# side at 5 ms further one & 1/2 m# short of the extremity of 
  this course arrive at a high prarie on N# side from one to three miles in 
  width extending up the river. halted and dined in the mouth of a little 
  drane on the left of the plain where there was a considerable quantity of 
  quawmash. saw a gang of antelopes here of which we killed one the does at 
  this season herd with each other and have their young. the bucks are alone 
  there are many wild horses on Clarkes river about the place we passed it 
  we saw some of them at a distance. there are said to be many of them about 
  the head of the yellowstone river. 
  = 
  East 6 m# to the entrance of Werner's Creek 35 yds# wide through a high 
  extensive prairie on N# side. hills low and timbered with the long leafed 
  pine, larch, and some fir. the road passes at some distance to the left of 
  the river and this couses is with the river. 
  = 
  N# 22 W# 4 miles to a high insulated knob just above the entrance of a 
  Creek 8 yards wide which discharges itself into Werners Creek. 
  = 
  N# 75 E# 21/2 M# to the river passing through an extensive and handsom 
  plain on Werner's Creek, crossing that creek at 1 m# and leaving a high 
  prarie hill to the right seperating the plain from the river. saw two swan 
  in this beautiful Creek. 
  = 
  East 3 m# to the entrance of a large creek 20 yds# wide Called 
  = 
  31 m# Seamans Creek passing a creek at 1 m# 8 yds# wide. this course with 
  the river, the road passing through an extensive high prarie rendered very 
  uneven by a vast number of little hillucks and sinkholes at the heads of 
  these two creeks high broken mountains stand at the distance of 10 m# 
  forming a kind of Cove generally of open untimbered country. we 
  encamped on the lower side of the last creek just above it's entrance. 
  here a war party had encamped about 2 months since and conceald their 
  fires. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1495-1806-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 6th 1806. Set out a little after sunrise passed the creek a little 
  above our encampment. 
  = 
  East 14 M# to the point at which the river leaves the extensive plains and 
  enters the mountains these plains I called the prarie of the knobs from a 
  number of knobs being irregularly scattered through it. passed the N# fork 
  1 of the Cokahlarishkit Rivers at 7 M# it is 45 yds# wide deep and rapid. 
  had some difficulty in passing it. passed a large crooked pond at 4 ms# 
  further. great Number of the burrowing squirrls in this prarie of the 
  speceis common to the plains of Columbia. saw some goats and deer. the 
  hunters killed one of the latter. the trail which we take to be a 
  returning war~party of the Minnetares of Fort de prarie becomes much 
  fresher. they have a large pasel of horses. saw some Curloos, bee martains 
  woodpeckers plover robins, doves, ravens, hawks and a variety of sparrows 
  common to the plains also some ducks. the North fork is terbid as is also 
  the main branch which is about 50 yds# wide the other streams are clear. 
  these plains continue their course S 75 E# and are wide where the river 
  leaves them. up this valley and creek a road passes to Dearbourn's river 
  and thence to the Missouri. 
  = 
  N# 60 E 11/2 up the river. here we halted and dine and our hunters 
  overtook us with a deer which they had killed. river bottoms narrow and 
  country thickly timbered. Cottonwood and pine grow intermixed in the river 
  bottoms musquitoes extreemely troublesome. we expect to meet with the 
  Minnetares and are therefore much on our guard both day and night. the 
  bois rague in blume. saw the common small blue flag and peppergrass. 
  the southern wood and two other speceis of shrub are common in the prarie 
  of knobs. preserved specemines of them. passed several old indian 
  encampments of brush lodges. 
  = 
  S 80 E 2 m# to two nearly equal forks of the river here the road forks 
  also one leading up each branch these are the forks of which I presume the 
  indians made mention. passed a creek on N# side 12 yds# wide shallow and 
  clear. 
  = 
  N 75 E# 8 m# to our encampment of this evening over a steep high 
  = 
  Ms# 25 balld toped hill for 2 m# thence through and to the left of a large 
  low bottom 2 M# thence three miles through a thick wood along the hill 
  side bottoms narrow. thence 1 m# to our encampment on a large creek some 
  little distance above it's mouth through a beatifull plain on the border 
  of which we passed the remains of 32 old lodges. they appear to be those 
  of the Minnetares as are all those we have seen today. killed five deer 
  and a beaver today. encamped on the creek much sign of beaver in this 
  extensive bottom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1496-1806-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 7 1806. Set out at 7 A#M# N# 75 E# 6 M# with the road through a level 
  beatifull plain on the North side of the river much timber in the bottoms 
  hills also timbered with pitch pine. no longleafed pine since we left the 
  praries of the knobs. crossed a branch of the creek 8 yds# wid. on which 
  we encamped at 1/4 m# also passed a creek 15 yd# wide at 1/4 further. 
  North 6 ms# ¬ passed the main creek at a mile 1/2 and kept up it on 
  the wright hand side through handsom plain bottoms to the foot of a ridge 
  which we ascended the main stream boar N W & W# as far as I could see 
  it a wright hand fork falls into this creek at 1 M# above the commencement 
  of this course. 
  = 
  N# 15 E# 8 m# over two ridges and again striking the wrighthand fork at 4 
  ms# then continued up it on the left hand side much appearance of beaver 
  many dams. bottoms not wide and covered with low willow and grass. halted 
  to dine at a large beaver dam the hunters killed 3 deer and a fawn. deer 
  are remarkably plenty and in good order. Reubin Fields wounded a moos deer 
  this morning near our camp. my dog much worried. 
  = 
  N# 10 E# 3 m# up the same creek on the east side through a handsome narrow 
  plain. 
  = 
  N 45 E# 2 m# passing the dividing ridge betwen the waters of the Columbia 
  and Missouri rivers at 1/4 of a mile from this gap which is low and an 
  easy ascent on the W# side the fort mountain bears North Eaast, and 
  appears to be distant about 20 Miles. the road for one and 3/4 miles 
  desends the hill and continues down a branch. 
  = 
  N# 20 W# 7 ms# over several hills and hollows along the foot of the 
  mountain hights passing five small rivulets running to the wright. saw 
  some sighn of buffaloe early this morning in the valley where we encamped 
  last evening from which it appears that the buffaloe do sometimes 
  penetrate these mountains a few miles. we saw no buffaloe this evening. 
  but much old appearance of dung, tracks &c# encamped on a small run 
  under the foot of the mountain. after we encamped Drewyer killed two 
  beaver and shot third which bit his knee very badly and escaped 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1497-1806-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 8th 1806. Set out at 6 A#M# 
  = 
  N 25 W# 31/2 m# to the top of a hill from whence we saw the Shishequaw 
  mountain about 8 M# distant, immediately before us. passed Dearborne's 
  river at 3 m# this stream comes form the S# W# out of the mountains which 
  are about 5 Ms# to our left. the bed of the river is about 100 yds# wide 
  tho the water occupys only about 30 yds# it appears to spread over it's 
  bottoms at certain seasons of the year and runs a mear torrant tearing up 
  the trees by the roots which stand in it's bottom the Shishiquaw mountain 
  is a high insulated conic mountain standing several miles in advance of 
  the Eastern range of the rocky mountains. Country broken and mountanous to 
  our wright. 
  = 
  North ¬ 141/2 ms# through an open plain to Shishequaw Creek 20 yds# 
  wide bottoms and considerable gantity of timber it leaves the mountain to 
  the S E and enters the mountains. we struck it about 10 miles below the 
  mountain which boar S# 32 W# from us. the road continued along the foot of 
  the mountain to the West of north which not being anything like our course 
  and the country becoming tolerably level at the commencement of this 
  course we steered through the plains leaving the road with a view to 
  strike Medicine river and hunt down it to it's mouth in order to procure 
  the necessary skins to make geer, and meat for the three men whom we mean 
  to leave at the falls as none of them are hunters. we halted and dined on 
  Shishequaw Creek R# Fields killed a fine buck and a goat; Josh. Fields saw 
  two buffaloe below us some distance which are the first that have been 
  seen. we saw a great number of deer goats and wolves as we passed through 
  the plains this morning but no Elk or buffaloe. saw some barking squirrils 
  much rejoiced at finding ourselves in the plains of the Missouri which 
  abound with game. 
  = 
  N# 50 E 2 m# to the discharge of Shishequaw Creek into the Medicine Rivers 
  through an extensive beautiful) and level bottom. 
  = 
  N# 85° E# 8 m# to our encampment of this evening on a large island the 
  bottoms continue level low and extensive plains level and not very 
  elivated partcularly on the N# E# side of the river. the land of neither 
  the plains nor bottoms is fertile. it is of a light colour intermixed with 
  a considerable proportion of gravel the grass generally about 9 inghes 
  high. the hunters were unsuccessful this evening. I killed a very large 
  and the whitest woolf I have seen ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1498-1806-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 9th 1806. Set out early and had not proceeded far before it began to 
  rain. the air extreemly cold. halted a few minutes in some old lodges 
  until it cased to rain in some measure. we then proceeded and it rained 
  without intermission wet us to the skin. 
  = 
  N# 80° E# 4 ms# through a handsome level wide bottom in which there is a 
  considerable quanty of narrow leafed cottonwood timber. the river is 
  generally about 80 yds# wide rapid yet I think it migt be navigated. it's 
  bed is loose gravel and pebbles. the banks low but seldom overflow. water 
  clear. 
  = 
  S 85 E 4 ms Still on the S W# side of the river through wide and level 
  bottoms some timber. Joseph feilds killed a very fat buffaloe bull and we 
  halted to dine. we took the best of the meat as much as we could possibly 
  carry on our horses. the day continuing rainy and cold I concluded to 
  remain all day. we feasted on the buffaloe. saw a number of deer wolves 
  and Antelopes. killed two deer. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1499-1806-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 10th 1806. Set out early and continued down the S W bank of the river 
  N 75 E 24 m# to our encampment in a grove of cottonwood timber. the latter 
  part of this course for 7 miles there is no timber in the river bottom, 
  the other parts of the river possesses bottoms of the wide leafed 
  cottonwood. much the greater part of the bottom is untimbered. the bottoms 
  are wide and level the high praries or plains are also beautiful level and 
  smooth. great quantities of prickly pear of two kinds on the plains. the 
  ground is renderd so miry by the rain which fell yesterday that it is 
  excessively fatiegueing to the horses to travel. we came 10 miles and 
  halted for dinner the wind blowing down the river in the fore part of the 
  day was unfavourable to the hunters they saw several gangs of Elk but they 
  having the wind of them ran off. in the evening the wind set from the West 
  and we fell in with a few elk of which R# Fields and myself killed 3 one 
  of which swam the river and fell on the opposite so we therefore lost it's 
  skin I sent the packhorses on with Sergt# Gass directing them to halt and 
  encamp at the first timber which proved to be about 7 ms# I retained 
  frazier to assist in skining the Elk. we wer about this time joined by 
  drewer. a large brown bear swam the river near where we were and drewyer 
  shot and killed it. by the time we butchered thes 2 elk and bar it was 
  nearly dark we loaded our horses with the best of the meat and pursud the 
  party and found them encamped as they had been directed in the first 
  timber. we did not reach them until 9 P#M# they informed us that they had 
  seen a very large bear in the plains which had pursued Sergt# Gass and 
  Thomson some distance but their horses enabled them to keep out of it's 
  reach. they were affraid to fire on the bear least their horses should 
  throw them as they were unaccustomed to the gun. we killed five deer 3 Elk 
  and a bear today saw vast herds of buffaloe in the evening below us on the 
  river. we hered them bellowing about us all night. vast assemblages of 
  wolves. saw a large herd of Elk making down the river. passed a 
  considerable rapid in medicine river after dark. the river about a hundred 
  yards wide is deep and in many parts rappid and today has been much 
  crouded with islands. from our encampment down we know the river and there 
  is no rapids and scarcely any courant. goosberries are very abundant of 
  the common red kind and are begining to ripen. no currants on this river. 
  both species of the prickly pears just in blume. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1500-1806-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 11th 1806. the morning was fair and the plains looked beatifull the 
  grass much improved by the late rain. the air was pleasant and a vast 
  assemblage of little birds which croud to the groves on the river sung 
  most enchantingly. we set out early. I sent the hunters down Medicine 
  river to hunt Elk and proceeded with the party across the plain to the 
  white bear Islands which I found to be 8 ms# distant my course S# 75 E# ¬  
  through a level beautiful) and extensive high plain covered with immence 
  birds of buffaloe. it is now the season at which the buffaloe begin 
  to coppelate and the bulls keep a tremendious roaring we could hear them 
  for many miles and there are such numbers of them that there is one 
  continual roar. our horses had not been acquainted with the buffaloe they 
  appeared much allarmed at their appearance and bellowing. when I arrived 
  in sight of the whitebear Islands the missouri bottoms on both sides of 
  the river were crouded with buffaloe I sincerely belief that there were 
  not less than 10 thousand buffaloe within a circle of 2 miles arround that 
  place. I met with the hunters at a little grove of timber opposite to the 
  island where they had killed a cowl and were waiting our arrival. they had 
  met with no elk. I directed the hunters to kill some buffaloe as well for 
  the benifit of their skins to enable us to pass the river as for their 
  meat for the men I meant to leave at this place. we unloaded our horses 
  and encamped opposite to the Islands. had the cow skined and some willows 
  sticks collected to make canoes of the hides by 12 OCk# they killed eleven 
  buffaloe most of them in fine order. the bulls are now generally much 
  fatter than the cows and are fine beef. I sent out all hands with the 
  horses to assist in buthering and bringing in the meat by 3 in the evening 
  we had brought in a large quantity of fine beef and as many hides as we 
  wanted for canoes shelters and geer. I then set all hands to prepare two 
  canoes the one we made after the mandan fassion with a single skin in the 
  form of a bason and the other we constructed of two skins on a plan of our 
  own. we were unable to compleat our canoes this evening. the wind blew 
  very hard. we continued our operations untill dark and then retired to 
  rest. I intend giving my horses a couple of days rest at this place and 
  deposit all my baggage which is not necessary to my voyage up medicine 
  river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1501-1806-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 12th 1806. we arrose early and resumed our operations in compleating 
  our canoes which we completed by 10 A#M# about this time two of the men 
  whom I had dispatched this morning in quest of the horses returned with 
  seven of them only. the remaining ten of our best horses were absent and 
  not to be found. I fear that they are stolen. I dispatch two men on 
  horseback in surch of them. the wind blew so violently that I did not 
  think it prudent to attempt passing the river. at Noon Werner 
  returned having found three others of the horses near Fort Mountain. 
  Sergt# Gass did not return untill 3 P#M# not having found the horses. he 
  had been about 8 ms# up medecine river. I now dispatched Joseph Fields and 
  Drewyer in quest of them. the former returned at dark unsuccessfull and 
  the latter continued absent all night. at 5 P#M# the wind abated and we 
  transported our baggage and meat to the opposite shore in our canoes which 
  we found answered even beyond our expectations. we swam our horses over 
  also and encamped at sunset. quetoes extreemly troublesome. I think the 
  river is somewhat higher than when we were here last summer. the present 
  season has been much more moist than the preceeding one. the grass and 
  weeds are much more luxouriant than they were when I left this place on 
  the 13th of July 1805 saw the brown thrush, pigeons, doves &c# 
  = 
    <h3> 
  the yellow Currants begining to ripen. 
    </h3> 
    <p> 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1502-1806-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  13th July. removed above to my old station opposite the upper point of the 
  white bear island. formed our camp and set Thompson &c at work to 
  complete the geer for the horses. had the cash opened found my bearskins 
  entirly destroyed by the water, the river having risen so high that the 
  water had penitrated. all my specimens of plants also lost. the Chart of 
  the Missouri fortunately escaped. opened my trunks and boxes and exposed 
  the articles to dry. found my papers damp and several articles damp. the 
  stoper had come out of a phial of laudinum and the contents had run into 
  the drawer and distroyed a gret part of my medicine in such manner that it 
  was past recovery. waited very impatiently for the return of Drewyer he 
  did not arrive. Musquetoes excessively troublesome insomuch that without 
  the protection of my musquetoe bier I should have found it impossible to 
  wright a moment. the buffaloe are leaving us fast and passing on to the S# 
  East. killed a buffaloe picker a beatifull bird. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1503-1806-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  14th July Had the carriage wheels dug up found them in good order. the 
  iron frame of the boat had not suffered materially. had the meat cut 
  thiner and exposed to dry in the sun. and some roots of cows of which I 
  have yet a small stock pounded into meal for my journey. I find the fat 
  buffaloe meat a great improvement to the mush of these roots. the old cash 
  being too damp to venture to deposit my trunks &c in I sent them over 
  to the Large island and had them put on a high scaffold among some thick 
  brush and covered with skins. I take this precaution lest some indians may 
  visit the men I leave here before the arrival of the main party and rob 
  them. the hunters killed a couple of wolves, the buffaloe have almost 
  entirely disappeared. saw the bee martin. the wolves are in great numbers 
  howling arround us and loling about in the plains in view at the distance 
  of two or three hundred yards. I counted 27 about the carcase of a 
  buffaloe which lies in the water at the upper point of the large island. 
  these are generally of the large kind. Drewyer did not return this 
  evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1504-1806-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  15 July 1806. Sent McNeal down this morning to the lower part of the 
  portage to see whether the large perogue and cash were safe. Drewyer 
  returned without the horses and reported that he had tracked them to 
  beyond our camp of the 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1505-1806-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 15th 1806. Dispatched McNeal early this morning to the lower 
  part of portage in order to learn whether the Cash and white perogue 
  remained untouched or in what state they were. the men employed in drying 
  the meat, dressing deerskins and preparing for the reception of the 
  canoes. at 1 P#M# Drewyer returned without the horses and reported that 
  after a diligent surch of 2 days he had discovered where the horses had 
  passed Dearborn's river at which place there were 15 lodges that had been 
  abandoned about the time our horses were taken; he pursued the tracks of a 
  number of horses from these lodges to the road which we had traveled over 
  the mountains which they struck about 3 ms# South of our encampment of the 
  7th inst# and had pursued this road Westwardly; I have no doubt but they 
  are a party of the Tushapahs who have been on a buffaloe hunt. Drewyer 
  informed that there camp was in a small bottom on the river of about 5 
  acres inclosed by the steep and rocky and lofty clifts of the river and 
  that so closely had they kept themselves and horses within this little 
  spot that there was not a track to be seen of them within a quarter of a 
  mile of that place. every spire of grass was eaten up by their horses near 
  their camp which had the appearance of their having remained here some 
  time. his horse being much fatiegued with the ride he had given him and 
  finding that the indians had at least 2 days the start of him thought it 
  best to return. his safe return has releived me from great anxiety. I had 
  already settled it in my mind that a whitebear had killed him and should 
  have set out tomorrow in surch of him, and if I could not find him to 
  continue my rout to Maria's river. I knew that if he met with a bear in 
  the plains even he would attack him. and that if any accedent should 
  happen to seperate him from his horse in that situation the chances in 
  favour of his being killed would be as 9 to 10. I felt so perfectly 
  satisfyed that he had returned in safety that I thought but little of the 
  horses although they were seven of the best I had. this loss great as it 
  is, is not intirely irreparable, or at least dose not defeat my design of 
  exploring Maria's river. I have yet 10 horses remaining, two of the best 
  and two of the worst of which I leave to assist the party in taking the 
  canoes and baggage over the portage and take the remaining 6 with me; 
  these are but indifferent horses most of them but I hope they may answer 
  our purposes. I shall leave three of my intended party, (viz) Gass, 
  Frazier and Werner, and take the two Feildses and Drewyer. by having two 
  spare horses we can releive those we ride. having made this arrangement I 
  gave orders for an early departure in the morning, indeed I should have 
  set out instantly but McNeal road one of the horses which I intend to take 
  and has not yet returned. a little before dark McNeal returned with his 
  musquet broken off at the breech, and informed me that on his arrival at 
  willow run he had approached a white bear within ten feet without discover 
  him the bear being in the thick brush, the horse took the allarm and 
  turning short threw him immediately under the bear; this animal raised 
  himself on his hinder feet for battle, and gave him time to recover from 
  his fall which he did in an instant and with his clubbed musquet he struck 
  the bear over the head and cut him with the guard of the guns and broke 
  off the breech, the bear stunned with the stroke fell to the ground and 
  began to scratch his head with his feet; this gave McNeal time to climb a 
  willow tree which was near at hand and thus fortunately made his escape. 
  the bear waited at the foot of the tree untill late in the evening before 
  he left him, when McNeal ventured down and caught his horse which had by 
  this time strayed off to the distance of 2 ms# and returned to camp. these 
  bear are a most tremenduous animal; it seems that the hand of providence 
  has been most wonderfully in our favor with rispect to them, or some of us 
  would long since have fallen a sacrifice to their farosity. there seems to 
  be a sertain fatality attatched to the neighbourhood of these falls, for 
  there is always a chapter of accedents prepared for us during our 
  residence at them. the musquetoes continue to infest us in such manner 
  that we can scarcely exist; for my own part I am confined by them to my 
  bier at least 3/4ths of my time. my dog even howls with the torture he 
  experiences from them, they are almost insupportable, they are so numerous 
  that we frequently get them in our thrats as we breath. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1506-1806-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 16th 1806. I dispatched a man early this morning to drive 
  up the horses as usual, he returned at 8 A#M# with one of them only. 
  allarmed at this occurrence I dispatched one of my best hands on horseback 
  in surch of them he returned at 10 A#M# with them and I immediately set 
  out. sent Drewyer and R# Fields with the horses to the lower side of 
  Medecine river, and proceeded myself with all our baggage and J# Fields 
  down the missouri to the mouth of Medecine river in our canoe of buffaloe 
  skins. we were compelled to swim the horses above the whitebear island and 
  again across medicine river as the Missouri is of great width below the 
  mouth of that river. having arrived safely below Medicine river we 
  immediatly sadled our horses and proceeded down the river to the handsom 
  fall of 47 feet where I halted about 2 hours and took a haisty sketch of 
  these falls; in the mean time we had some meat cooked and took dinner 
  after which we proceeded to the grand falls where we arrived at sunset. on 
  our way we saw two very large bear on the opposite side of the river. as 
  we arrived in sight of the little wood below the falls we saw two other 
  bear enter it; this being the only wood in the neighbourhood we were 
  compelled of course to contend with the bear for possession, and therefore 
  left our horses in a place of security and entered the wood which we 
  surched in vain for the bear, they had fled. here we encamped and the 
  evening having the appearance of rain made our beds and slept under a 
  shelving rock. these falls have abated much of their grandure since I 
  first arrived at them in June 1805, the water being much lower at preset 
  than it was at that moment, however they are still a sublimely grand 
  object. I determined to take a second drawing of it in the morning. we saw 
  a few buffaloe as we passed today, the immence hirds which were about this 
  place on our arrival have principally passed the river and directed their 
  course downwards. we see a number of goats or antilopes always in passing 
  through the plains of the Missouri above the Mandans. at this season they 
  are thinly scattered over the plains but seem universally distributed in 
  every part; they appear very inquisitive usually to learn what we are as 
  we pass, and frequently accompany us at no great distance for miles, 
  frequently halting and giving a loud whistle through their nostrils, they 
  are a very pretty animal and astonishingly fleet and active. we spent this 
  evening free from the torture of the Musquetoes. there are a great number 
  of geese which usually raise their young above these falls about the 
  entrance of Medicine river we saw them in large flocks of several hundred 
  as we passed today. I saw both yesterday and today the Cookkoo or as it is 
  sometimes called the rain craw. this bird is not met with west of the 
  Rocky Mountains nor within them. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1507-1806-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 17th 1806. I arrose early this morning and made a drawing of 
  the falls. after which we took breakfast and departed. it being my design 
  to strike Maria's river about the place at which I left it on my return to 
  it's mouth in the begining of June 1805. I steered my course through the 
  wide and level plains which have somewhat the appearance of an ocean, not 
  a tree nor a shrub to be seen. the land is not fertile, at least far less 
  so, than the plains of the Columbia or those lower down this river, it is 
  a light coloured soil intermixed with a considerable proportion of coarse 
  gravel without sand, when dry it cracks and appears thursty and is very 
  hard, in it's wet state, it is as soft and slipry as so much soft soap the 
  grass is naturally but short and at present has been rendered much more so 
  by the graizing of the buffaloe, the whole face of the country as far as 
  the eye can reach looks like a well shaved bowlinggreen, in which immence 
  and numerous herds of buffaloe were seen feeding attended by their 
  scarcely less numerous sheepherds the wolves. we saw a number of goats as 
  usual today, also the party coloured plover with the brick red head and 
  neck; this bird remains about the little ponds which are distributed over 
  the face of these plains and here raise their young. we killed a buffaloe 
  cow as we passed throug the plains and took the hump and tonge which 
  furnish ample rations for four men one day. at 5 P#M# we arrived at rose 
  rivers where I purposed remaining all night as I could not reach maria's 
  river this evening and unless I did there would be but little probability 
  of our finding any wood and very probably no water either. on our arrival 
  at the river we saw where a wounded and bleading buffaloe had just passed 
  and concluded it was probable that the indians had been runing them and 
  were near at hand. the Minnetares of Fort de prarie and the blackfoot 
  indians rove through this quarter of the country and as they are a vicious 
  lawless and reather an abandoned set of wretches I wish to avoid an 
  interview with them if possible. I have no doubt but they would steel our 
  horses if they have it in their power and finding us weak should they 
  happen to be numerous wil most probably attempt to rob us of our arms and 
  baggage; at all events I am determined to take every possible precaution 
  to avoid them if possible. I hurried over the river to a thick wood and 
  turned out the horses to graize; sent Drewyer to pursue and kill the 
  wounded buffaloe in order to determine whether it had been wounded by the 
  indians or not, and proceeded myself to reconnoitre the adjacent country 
  having sent R# Fields for the same purpose a different rout. I ascended 
  the river hills and by the help of my glass examined the plains but could 
  make no discovery, in about an hour I returned to camp, where I met with 
  the others who had been as unsuccessfull as myself. Drewyer could not find 
  the wounded buffaloe. J# Fields whom I had left at camp had already 
  roasted some of the buffaloe meat and we took dinner after which I sent 
  Drewyer and R# Fields to resume their resurches for the indians; and set 
  myself down to record the transactions of the day. rose river is at this 
  place fifty yards wide, the water which is only about 3 feet deep occupys 
  about 35 yds# and is very terbid of a white colour. the general course of 
  this river is from East to west so far as I can discover it's track 
  through the plains, it's bottoms are wide and well timbered with 
  cottonwood both the broad and narrow leafed speceis. the bed of this 
  stream is small gravel and mud; it's banks are low but never overflow, the 
  hills are about 100 or 150 feet high; it possesses bluffs of earth like 
  the lower part of the Missouri; except the debth and valocity of it's 
  stream and it is the Missouri in miniture. from the size of rose river at 
  this place and it's direction I have no doubt but it takes it's source 
  within the first range of the Rocky mountains. the bush which bears the 
  red berry is here in great plenty in the river bottoms The spies returned 
  having killed 2 beaver and a deer. they reported that they saw no 
  appearance of Indians. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1508-1806-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 18th 1806. We set out this morning a little before sunrise 
  ascended the river hills and continued our rout as yesterday through the 
  open plains at about 6 miles we reached the top of an elivated plain which 
  divides the waters of the rose river from those of Maria's river. from 
  hence the North mountains, the South mountains, the falls mountains and 
  the Tower Mountain and those arround and to the East of the latter were 
  visible. our course led us nearly parrallel with a creek of Maria's river 
  which takes it's rise in these high plains at the place we passed them; at 
  noon we struck this creek about 6 ms# from its junction with Maria's river 
  where we found some cottonwood timber; here we halted to dine and graize 
  our horses. the bed of this creek is about 25 yds# wide at this place but 
  is nearly dry at present, the water being confined to little pools in the 
  deeper parts of it's bed. from hence downwards there is a considerable 
  quantity of timber in it's bottom. we passed immence herds of buffaloe on 
  our way in short for about 12 miles it appeared as one herd only the whole 
  plains and vally of this creek being covered with them; saw a number of 
  wolves of both speceis, also Antelopes and some horses. after dinner we 
  proceeded about 5 miles across the plain to Maria's river where we arrived 
  at 6 P#M# we killed a couple of buffaloe in the bottom of this river and 
  encamped on it's west side in a grove of cottonwood some miles above the 
  entrance of the creek. being now convinced that we were above the point to 
  which I had formerly ascended this river and faring that a fork of this 
  stream might fall in on the Northside between this place and the point to 
  which I had ascended it, I directed Drewyer who was with me on my former 
  excurtion, and Joseph Fields to decend the river early in the morning to 
  the place from whence I had returned, and examine whether any stream fell 
  inn or not. I keep a strict lookout every night, I take my tour of watch 
  with the men. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1509-1806-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday July 19th 1806. Drewyer and J# Fields set out early this morning 
  in conformity to my instructions last evening. they returned at 1/2 after 
  12 OCk# and informed me that they had proceeded down the river to the 
  place from which I had returned on the  ¿¿  of June last and that it was 6 
  miles distant. they passed the entrance of buffaloe Creek at 2 ms# the 
  course of the river from hence downwards as far as they were is N# 80 E# 
  they killed 8 deer and two Antelopes on their way; most of the deer were 
  large fat mule bucks. having completed my observation of the sun's 
  meridian Altitude we set out, ascended the river hills having passed the 
  river and proceeded through the open plains up the N# side of the river 20 
  miles and encamped. at 15 miles we passed a large creek on N# side a 
  little above it's entrance; there is but little running water in this 
  creek at present, it's bed is about 30 yds# wide and appears to come from 
  the broken Mountains so called from their raggid and irregular shape there 
  are three of them extending from east to West almost unconnected, the 
  center mountain terminates in a conic spire and is that which I have 
  called the tower mountain they are destitute of timber. from the entrance 
  of this creek they bore N# 10° W# the river bottoms are usually about 1/2 
  a mile wide and possess a considerable quantity of timber entirely 
  cottonwood; the underbrush is honeysuckle rose bushes the narrow leafed 
  willow and the bush which bears the acid red berry called by the french 
  engages grease de buff. just as we halted to encamp R# Fields killed a 
  mule doe. the plains are beautifull and level but the soil is but thin. in 
  many parts of the plains there are great quantities of prickly pears. saw 
  some herds of buffaloe today but not in such quantities as yesterday, also 
  antelopes, wolves, gees, pigeons, doves, hawks, ravens crows larks 
  sparrows &c# the Curlooe has disappeared. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1510-1806-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday July 20th 1806 We set at sunrise and proceed through the open plain 
  as yesterday up the North side of the river. the plains are more broken 
  than they were yesterday and have become more inferior in point of soil; a 
  great quanty of small gravel is every where distributed over the surface 
  of the earth which renders travling extreemly painfull to our bearfoot 
  horses. the soil is generally a white or whiteish blue clay, this where it 
  has been trodden by the buffaloe when wet has now become as firm as a 
  brickbat and stands in an inumerable little points quite as formidable to 
  our horses feet as the gravel. the mineral salts common to the plains of 
  the missouri has been more abundant today than usual. the bluffs of the 
  river are about 200 feet high, steep irregular and formed of earth which 
  readily desolves with water, slips and precipitates itself into the river 
  as before mentioned frequentlly of the bluffs of the Missouri below which 
  they resemble in every particular, differing essencially from those of the 
  Missouri above the entrance of this river, they being composed of firm red 
  or yellow clay which dose not yeald readily to the rains and a large 
  quantity of rock. the soil of the river bottom is fertile and well 
  timbered, I saw some trees today which would make small canoes. the timber 
  is generally low. the underbrush the same as before mentioned. we have 
  seen fewer buffaloe today than usual, though more Elk and not less wolves 
  and Antelopes also some mule deer; this speceis of deer seems most 
  prevalent in this quarter. saw some gees ducks and other birds common to 
  the country. there is much appearance of beaver on this river, but not any 
  of otter. from the apparent decent of the country to the North and above 
  the broken mountains I am induced to beleive that the South branch of the 
  Suskashawan receives a part of it's waters from the plain even to the 
  borders of this river and from the brakes visible in the plains in a 
  nothern direction think that a branch of that river decending from the 
  rocky mountains passes at no great distance from Maria's river and to the 
  N# E# of the broken mountains. the day has proved excessively warm and we 
  lay by four hours during the heat of it; we traveled 28 miles and encamped 
  as usual in the river bottom on it's N# side. there is scarcely any water 
  at present in the plains and what there is, lies in small pools and is so 
  strongly impregnated with the mineral salts that it is unfit for any 
  purpose except the uce of the buffaloe. these animals appear to prefer 
  this water to that of the river. the wild liquorice and sunflower are very 
  abundant in the plains and river bottoms, the latter is now in full blume; 
  the silkgrass and sand rush are also common to the bottom lands. the 
  musquetoes have not been troublesome to us since we left the whitebear 
  islands. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1511-1806-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday July 21st 1806. We set out at sunrise and proceeded a short 
  distance up the North side of the river; we found the ravines which made 
  in on this side were so steep and numerous that we passed the river in 
  doing which the pack horse which carried my instruments missed the ford 
  and wet the instruments. this accident detained us about half an hor. I 
  took the Instruments out wiped them and dryed their cases, they sustained 
  no naterial injury. we continued on the S# side of the river about 3 miles 
  when we again passed over to the N# side and took our course through the 
  plains at some distance from the river. we saw a large herd of Elk this 
  morning. the buffaloe still become more scarce. at 2 P#M# we struck a 
  northern branch of Marias river about 30 yds# wide at the distance of 
  about 8 miles from it's entrance. this stream is closely confined between 
  clifts of freestone rocks the bottom narrow below us and above the rocks 
  confine it on each side; some little timber below but not any above; the 
  water of this stream is nearly clear. from the appearance of this rock and 
  the apparent hight of the bed of the streem I am induced to beleive that 
  there are falls in these rivers somewhere about their junction. being 
  convinced that this stream came from the mountains I determined to pursue 
  it as it will lead me to the most nothern point to which the waters of 
  Maria's river extend which I now fear will not be as far north as I wished 
  and expected. after dinner we set out up the North branch keeping on it's 
  S# side; we pursued it untill dark and not finding any timber halted and 
  made a fire of the dung of the buffaloe. we lay on the south side in a 
  narrow bottom under a Clift. our provision is nearly out, we wounded a 
  buffaloe this evening but could not get him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1512-1806-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 22ed 1806. We set out very early this morning as usual and 
  proceeded up the river. for the first seven miles of our travel this 
  morning the country was broken the land poor and intermixed with a greater 
  quantity of gravel than usual; the ravines were steep and numerous and our 
  horses feet have become extreemly soar in traveling over the gravel we 
  therefore traveled but slow. we met with a doe Elk which we wounded but 
  did not get her. the river is confined closely between clifts of 
  perpendicular rocks in most parts. after the distance of seven miles the 
  country became more level les gravly and some bottoms to the river but not 
  a particle of timber nor underbush of any discription is to be seen. we 
  continued up the river on it's South side for 17 miles when we halted to 
  glaize our horses and eat; there being no wood we were compelled to make 
  our fire with the buffaloe dung which I found answered the purpose very 
  well. we cooked and eat all the meat we had except a small peice of 
  buffaloe meat which was a little tainted. after dinner we passed the river 
  and took our course through a level and beautifull plain on the N# side. 
  the country has now become level, the river bottoms wide and the adjoining 
  plains but little elivated above them; the banks of the river are not 
  usually more than from 3 to four feet yet it dose not appear ever to 
  overflow them. we found no timber untill we had traveled 12 miles further 
  when we arrived at a clump of large cottonwood trees in a beautifull and 
  extensive bottom of the river about 10 miles below the foot of the rocky 
  mountains where this river enters them; as I could see from hence very 
  distinctly where the river entered the mountains and the bearing of this 
  point being S of West I thought it unnecessary to proceed further and 
  therefore encamped resolving to rest ourselves and horses a couple of days 
  at this place and take the necessary observations. this plain on which we 
  are is very high; the rocky mountains to the S# W# of us appear but low 
  from their base up yet are partially covered with snow nearly to their 
  bases. there is no timber on those mountains within our view; they are 
  very irregular and broken in their form and seem to be composed 
  principally of clay with but little rock or stone. the river appears to 
  possess at least double the vollume of water which it had where we first 
  arrived on it below; this no doubt proceeds from the avapparation caused 
  by the sun and air and the absorbing of the earth in it's passage through 
  these open plains. The course of the mountains still continues from S# E# 
  to N# W# the front rang appears to terminate abrubtly about 35 ms# to the 
  N# W# Of us. I believe that the waters of the Suskashawan apporoach the 
  borders of this river very nearly. I now have lost all hope of the waters 
  of this river ever extending to N Latitude 50° though I still hope and 
  think it more than probable that both white earth river and milk river 
  extend as far north as latd. 50° ¬ we have seen but few buffaloe today 
  no deer and very few Antelopes; gam of every discription is extreemly wild 
  which induces me to beleive that the indians are now, or have been lately 
  in this neighbourhood. we wounded a buffaloe this evening but our horses 
  were so much fatiegued that we were unable to pursue it with success. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1513-1806-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesdy July 23rd 1806 I dispatched Drewyer an Joseph fields this morning 
  to hunt. I directed Drewyer who went up the river to observe it's bearings 
  and the point at which it entered the mountains, this he did and on his 
  return I observed the point at which the river entered to bear S 50° W# 
  distant about ten miles the river making a considerable bend to the West 
  just above us. 
  = 
  both these hunters returned unsuccessful and reported that there was no 
  game nor the appearance of any in this quarter. we now rendered the grease 
  from our tainted meat and made some mush of cows with a part of it, 
  reserving as much meal of cows and grease as would afford us one more meal 
  tomorrow. Drewyer informed us that there was an indian camp of eleven 
  leather lodges which appeared to have been abandoned about 10 days, the 
  poles only of the lodges remained. we are confident that these are the 
  Minnetares of fort de prarie and suspect that they are probably at this 
  time somewhere on the main branch of Maria's river on the borders of the 
  buffaloe, under this impression I shall not strike that river on my return 
  untill about the mouth of the North branch. near this place I observe a 
  number of the whistleing squirrel of the speceis common to the plains and 
  country watered by the Columbia river, this is the first instance in which 
  I have found this squirrel in the plains of the Missouri. the Cottonwood 
  of this place is also of the speceis common to the Columbia. we have a 
  delightfull pasture for our horses where we are. 
  = 
  The clouds obscured the moon and put an end to further observation. the 
  rok which makes its appearance on this part of the river is of a white 
  colour fine grit and makes excellet whetstones; it lies in horizontal 
  stratas and makes it's appearance in the bluffs of the river near their 
  base. we indeavoured to take some fish but took only one small trout. 
  Musquetoes uncommonly large and reather troublesome. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1514-1806-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 24th 1806. At 8 A#M# the sun made it's appearance for a few 
  minutes and I took it's altitude but it shortly after clouded up again and 
  continued to rain the ballance of the day I was therefore unable to 
  complete the observations I wished to take at this place. I determined to 
  remain another day in the hope of it's being fair. we have still a little 
  bread of cows remaining of which we made a kettle of mush which together 
  with a few pigeons that we were fortunate enough to kill served us with 
  food for this day. I sent the hunters out but they shortly returned 
  without having killed anything and declared that it was useless to hunt 
  within 6 or 8 miles of this place that there was no appearance of game 
  within that distance. the air has become extreemly cold which in addition 
  to the wind and rain renders our situation extreemly unpleasant. several 
  wolves visited our camp today, I fired on and wounded one of them very 
  badly. the small speceis of wolf barks like a dog, they frequently salute 
  us with this note as we pass through the plains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1515-1806-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday July 25th 1806. The weather still continues cold cloudy and rainy, 
  the wind also has blown all day with more than usual violence from the N# 
  W# this morning we eat the last of our birds and cows, I therefore 
  directed Drewyer and J# Fields to take a couple of the horses and proceed 
  to the S# E# as far as the main branch of Maria's river which I expected 
  was at no great distance and indeavour to kill some meat; they set out 
  immediately and I remained in camp with R# Fields to avail myself of every 
  opportunity to make my observations should any offer, but it continued to 
  rain and I did not see the sun through the whole course of the day R# 
  Fields and myself killed nine pigeons which lit in the trees near our camp 
  on these we dined. late in the evening Drewyer and J# Fields returned the 
  former had killed a fine buck on which we now fared sumptuously. they 
  informed me that it was about 10 miles to the main branch of Maria's 
  River, that the vally formed by the river in that quarter was wide 
  extensive and level with a considerable quantity timber; here they found 
  some wintering camps of the natives and a great number of others of a more 
  recent date or that had from appearance been evacuated about 6 weeks; we 
  consider ourselves extreemly fortunate in not having met with these 
  people. I determined that if tomorrow continued cloudy to set out as I now 
  begin to be apprehensive that I shall not reach the United States within 
  this season unless I make every exertion in my power which I shall 
  certainly not omit when once I leave this place which I shall do with much 
  reluctance without having obtained the necessary data to establish it's 
  longitude ¬ as if the fates were against me my chronometer from some unknown 
  cause stoped today, when I set her to going she went as usual. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1516-1806-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday July 26th 1806. The moring was cloudy and continued to rain as 
  usual, tho the cloud seemed somewhat thiner. I therefore posponed seting 
  out untill 9 A#M# in the hope that it would clear off but finding the 
  contrary result I had the horses caught and we set out biding a lasting 
  adieu to this place which I now call camp disappointment. I took my rout 
  through the open plains S# E# 5 ms# passing a small creek at 2 ms# from 
  the mountains wher I changed my direction to S# 75 E# for 7 ms# further 
  and struck a principal branch of Maria's river 65 yds# wide, not very 
  deep, I passed this stream to it's south side and continued down it 2 ms# 
  on the last mentioned course when another branch of nearly the same 
  dignity formed a junction with it, coming from the S# W# this last is 
  shallow and rappid; has the appearance of overflowing it's banks 
  frequently and discharging vast torrants of water at certain seasons of 
  the year. the beds of both these streams are pebbly particularly the S# 
  branch. the water of the N# branch is very terbid while that of the S# 
  branch is nearly clear not withstanding the late rains. I passed the S# 
  branch just above it's junction and continued down the river which runs a 
  little to the N of E 1 ms# and halted to dine and graize our horses here I 
  found some indian lodges which appeared to have been inhabited last winter 
  in a large and fertile bottom well stocked with cottonwood timber. the 
  rose honeysuckle and redberry bushes constitute the undergrowth there 
  being but little willow in this quarter both these rivers abov their 
  junction appeared to be well stocked with timber or comparitively so with 
  other parts of this country. here it is that we find the three species of 
  cottonwood which I have remarked in my voyage assembled together that 
  speceis common to the Columbia I have never before seen on the waters of 
  the Missouri, also the narrow and broad leafed speceis. during our stay at 
  this place R# Fields killed a buck a part of the flesh of which we took 
  with us. we saw a few Antelopes some wolves and 2 of the smallest speceis 
  of fox of a redish brown colour with the extremity of the tail black. it 
  is about the size of the common domestic cat and burrows in the plains. 
  after dinner I continued my rout down the river to the North of Eat about 
  3 ms# when the hills putting in close on the S side I determined to ascend 
  them to the high plain which I did accordingly, keeping the Fields with 
  me; Drewyer passed the river and kept down the vally of the river. I had 
  intended to decend this river with it's course to it's junction with the 
  fork which I had ascended and from thence have taken across the country 
  obliquely to rose river and decend that stream to it's confluence with 
  Maria's river. the country through which this portion of Maria's river 
  passes to the fork which I ascended appears much more broken than that 
  above and between this and the mountains. I had scarcely ascended the 
  hills before I discovered to my left at the distance of a mile an 
  assembleage of about 30 horses, I halted and used my spye glass by the 
  help of which I discovered several indians on the top of an eminence just 
  above them who appeared to be looking down towards the river I presumed at 
  Drewyer. about half the horses were saddled. this was a very unpleasant 
  sight, however I resolved to make the best of our situation and to 
  approach them in a friendly manner. I directed J# Fields to display the 
  flag which I had brought for that purpose and advanced slowly toward them, 
  about this time they discovered us and appeared to run about in a very 
  confused manner as if much allarmed, their attention had been previously 
  so fixed on Drewyer that they did not discover us untill we had began to 
  advance upon them, some of them decended the hill on which they were and 
  drove their horses within shot of it's summit and again returned to the 
  hight as if to wate our arrival or to defend themselves. I calculated on 
  their number being nearly or quite equal to that of their horses, that our 
  runing would invite pursuit as it would convince them that we were their 
  enimies and our horses were so indifferent that we could not hope to make 
  our escape by flight; added to this Drewyer was seperated from us and I 
  feared that his not being apprized of the indians in the event of our 
  attempting to escape he would most probably fall a sacrefice. under these 
  considerations I still advanced towards them; when we had arrived within a 
  quarter of a mile of them, one of them mounted his horse and rode full 
  speed towards us, which when I discovered I halted and alighted from my 
  horse; he came within a hundred paces halted looked at us and turned his 
  horse about and returned as briskly to his party as he had advanced; while 
  he halted near us I held out my hand and becconed to him to approach but 
  he paid no attention to my overtures. on his return to his party they all 
  decended the hill and mounted their horses and advanced towards us leaving 
  their horses behind them, we also advanced to meet them. I counted eight 
  of them but still supposed that there were others concealed as there were 
  several other horses saddled. I told the two men with me that I 
  apprehended that these were the Minnetares of Fort de Prarie and from 
  their known character I expected that we were to have some difficulty with 
  them; that if they thought themselves sufficiently strong I was convinced 
  they would attempt to rob us in which case be their numbers what they 
  would I should resist to the last extremity prefering death to that of 
  being deprived of my papers instruments and gun and desired that they 
  would form the same resolution and be allert and on their guard. when we 
  arrived within a hundred yards of each other the indians except one halted 
  I directed the two men with me to do the same and advanced singly to meet 
  the indian with whom I shook hands and passed on to those in his rear, as 
  he did also to the two men in my rear; we now all assembled and alighted 
  from our horses; the Indians soon asked to smoke with us, but I told them 
  that the man whom they had seen pass down the river had my pipe and we 
  could not smoke untill he joined us. I requested as they had seen which 
  way he went that they would one of them go with one of my men in surch of 
  him, this they readily concented to and a young man set out with R# Fields 
  in surch of Drewyer. I now asked them by sighns if they were the 
  Minnetares of the North which they answered in the affermative; I asked if 
  there was any cheif among them and they pointed out 3 I did not believe 
  them however I thought it best to please them and gave to one a medal to a 
  second a flag and to the third a handkercheif, with which they appeared 
  well satisfyed. they appeared much agitated with our first interview from 
  which they had scarcely yet recovered, in fact I beleive they were more 
  allarmed at this accedental interview than we were. from no more of them 
  appearing I now concluded they were only eight in number and became much 
  better satisfyed with our situation as I was convinced that we could 
  mannage that number should they attempt any hostile measures. as it was 
  growing late in the evening I proposed that we should remove to the 
  nearest part of the river and encamp together, I told them that I was glad 
  to see them and had a great deel to say to them. we mounted our horses and 
  rode towards the river which was at but a short distance, on our way we 
  were joined by Drewyer Fields and the indian. we decended a very steep 
  bluff about 250 feet high to the river where there was a small bottom of 
  nearly 1/2 a mile in length and about 250 yards wide in the widest part, 
  the river washed the bluffs both above and below us and through it's 
  course in this part is very deep; the bluffs are so steep that there are 
  but few places where they could be ascended, and are broken in several 
  places by deep nitches which extend back from the river several hundred 
  yards, their bluffs being so steep that it is impossible to ascend them; 
  in this bottom there stand tree solitary trees near one of which the 
  indians formed a large simicircular camp of dressed buffaloe skins and 
  invited us to partake of their shelter which Drewyer and myself accepted 
  and the Fieldses lay near the fire in front of the sheter. with the 
  assistance of Drewyer I had much conversation with these people in the 
  course of the evening. I learned from them that they were a part of a 
  large band which lay encamped at present near the foot of the rocky 
  mountains on the main branch of Maria's river one 1/2 days march from our 
  present encampment; that there was a whiteman with their band; that there 
  was another large band of their nation hunting buffaloe near the broken 
  mountains and were on there way to the mouth of Maria's river where they 
  would probably be in the course of a few days. they also informed us that 
  from hence to the establishment where they trade on the Suskasawan river 
  is only 6 days easy march or such as they usually travel with their women 
  and childred which may be estimated at about 150 ms# that from these 
  traders they obtain arm amunition sperituous liquor blankets &c in 
  exchange for wolves and some beaver skins. I told these people that I had 
  come a great way from the East up the large river which runs towards the 
  rising sun, that I had been to the great waters where the sun sets and had 
  seen a great many nations all of whom I had invited to come and trade with 
  me on the rivers on this side of the mountains, that I had found most of 
  them at war with their neighbours and had succeeded in restoring peace 
  among them, that I was now on my way home and had left my party at the 
  falls of the missouri with orders to decend that river to the entrance of 
  Maria's river and there wait my arrival and that I had come in surch of 
  them in order to prevail on them to be at peace with their neighbours 
  particularly those on the West side of the mountains and to engage them to 
  come and trade with me when the establishment is made at the entrance of 
  this river to all which they readily gave their assent and declared it to 
  be their wish to be at peace with the Tushepahs whom they said had killed 
  a number of their relations lately and pointed to several of those present 
  who had cut their hair as an evidince of the truth of what they had 
  asserted. I found them extreemly fond of smoking and plyed them with the 
  pipe untill late at night. I told them that if they intended to do as I 
  wished them they would send some of their young men to their band with an 
  invitation to their chiefs and warriors to bring the whiteman with them 
  and come down and council with me at the entrance of Maria's river and 
  that the ballance of them would accompany me to that place, where I was 
  anxious now to meet my men as I had been absent from them some time and 
  knew that they would be uneasy untill they saw me. that if they would go 
  with me I would give them 10 horses and some tobacco. to this proposition 
  they made no reply, I took the first watch tonight and set up untill half 
  after eleven; the indians by this time were all asleep, I roused up R# 
  Fields and laid down myself; I directed Fields to watch the movements of 
  the indians and if any of them left the camp to awake us all as I 
  apprehended they would attampt to seal steal our horses. this being done I 
  fell into a profound sleep and did not wake untill the noise of the men 
  and indians awoke me a little after light in the morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1517-1806-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 27th 1806 Sunday. This morning at day light the indians got up and 
  crouded around the fire, J# Fields who was on post had carelessly laid his 
  gun down behid him near where his brother was sleeping, one of the indians 
  the fellow to whom I had given the medal last evening sliped behind him 
  and took his gun and that of his brothers unperceived by him, at the same 
  instant two others advanced and seized the guns of Drewyer and myself, J# 
  Fields seing this turned about to look for his gun and saw the fellow just 
  runing off with her and his brothers he called to his brother who 
  instantly jumped up and pursued the indian with him whom they overtook at 
  the distance of 50 or 60 paces from the camp sized their guns and rested 
  them from him and R Fields as he seized his gun stabed the indian to the 
  heart with his knife the fellow ran about 15 steps and fell dead; of this 
  I did not know untill afterwards, having recovered their guns they ran 
  back instantly to the camp; Drewyer who was awake saw the indian take hold 
  of his gun and instantly jumped up and sized her and rested her from him 
  but the indian still retained his pouch, his jumping up and crying damn 
  you let go my gun awakened me I jumped up and asked what was the matter 
  which I quickly learned when I saw drewyer in a scuffle with the indian 
  for his gun. I reached to seize my gun but found her gone, I then drew a 
  pistol from my holster and terning myself about saw the indian making off 
  with my gun I ran at him with my pistol and bid him lay down my gun which 
  he was in the act of doing when the Fieldses returned and drew up their 
  guns to shoot him which I forbid as he did not appear to be about to make 
  any resistance or commit any offensive act, he droped the gun and walked 
  slowly off, I picked her up instantly, Drewyer having about this time 
  recovered his gun and pouch asked me if he might not kill the fellow which 
  I also forbid as the indian did not appear to wish to kill us, as soon as 
  they found us all in possession of our arms they ran and indeavored to 
  drive off all the horses I now hollowed to the men and told them to fire 
  on them if they attempted to drive off our horses, they accordingly 
  pursued the main party who were drying the horses up the river and I 
  pursued the man who had taken my gun who with another was driving off a 
  part of the horses which were to the left of the camp, I pursued them so 
  closely that they could not take twelve of their own horses but continued 
  to drive one of mine with some others; at the distance of three hundred 
  paces they entered one of those steep nitches in the bluff with the horses 
  before them being nearly out of breath I could pursue no further, I called 
  to them as I had done several times before that I would shoot them if they 
  did not give me my horse and raised my gun, one of them jumped behind a 
  rock and spoke to the other who turned arround and stoped at the distance 
  of 30 steps from me and I shot him through the belly, he fell to his knees 
  and on his wright elbow from which position he partly raised himself up 
  and fired at me, and turning himself about crawled in behind a rock which 
  was a few feet from him. he overshot me, being bearheaded I felt the wind 
  of his bullet very distinctly. not having my shotpouch I could not reload 
  my peice and as there were two of them behind good shelters from me I did 
  not think it prudent to rush on them with my pistol which had I discharged 
  I had not the means of reloading untill I reached camp; I therefore 
  returned leasurely towards camp, on my way I met with Drewyer who having 
  heared the report of the guns had returned in surch of me and left the 
  Fieldes to pursue the indians, I desired him to haisten to the camp with 
  me and assist in catching as many of the indian horses as were necessary and 
  to call to the Fieldes if he could make them hear to come back that we 
  still had a sufficient number of horses, this he did but they were too far 
  to hear him. we reached the camp and began to catch the horses and saddle 
  them and put on the packs. the reason I had not my pouch with me was that 
  I had not time to return about 50 yards to camp after geting my gun before 
  I was obliged to pursue the indians or suffer them to collect and drive 
  off all the horses. we had caught and saddled the horses and began to 
  arrange the packs when the Fieldses returned with four of our horses; we 
  left one of our horses and took four of the best of those of the indian's; 
  while the men were preparing the horses I put four sheilds and two bows 
  and quivers of arrows which had been left on the fire, with sundry other 
  articles; they left all their baggage at our mercy. they had but 2 guns 
  and one of them they left the others were armed with bows and arrows and 
  eyedaggs. the gun we took with us. I also retook the flagg but left the 
  medal about the neck of the dead man that they might be informed who we 
  were. we took some of their buffaloe meat and set out ascending the bluffs 
  by the same rout we had decended last evening leaving the ballance of nine 
  of their horses which we did not want. the Feildses told me that three of 
  the indians whom they pursued swam the river one of them on my horse. and 
  that two others ascended the hill and escaped from them with a part of 
  their horses, two I had pursued into the nitch one lay dead near the camp 
  and the eighth we could not account for but suppose that he ran off early 
  in the contest. having ascended the hill we took our course through a 
  beatiful level plain a little to the S of East. my design was to hasten to 
  the entrance of Maria's river as quick as possible in the hope of meeting 
  with the canoes and party at that place having no doubt but that they 
  would pursue us with a large party and as there was a band near the broken 
  mountains or probably between them and the mouth of that river we might 
  expect them to receive inteligence from us and arrive at that place nearly 
  as soon as we could, no time was therefore to be lost and we pushed our 
  horses as hard as they would bear. at 8 miles we passed a large branch 40 
  yds# wide which I called battle river. at 3 P#M# we arrived at rose river 
  about 5 miles above where we h ad passed it as we went out, having 
  traveled by my estimate compared with our former distances and couses 
  about 63 ms# here we halted an hour and a half took some refreshment and 
  suffered our horses to graize; the day proved warm but the late rains had 
  supplyed the little reservors in the plains with water and had put them in 
  fine order for traveling, our whole rout so far was as level as a bowling 
  green with but little stone and few prickly pears. after dinner we pursued 
  the bottoms of rose river but finding inconvenient to pass the river so 
  often we again ascended the hills on the S# W# side and took the open 
  plains; by dark we had traveled about 17 miles further, we now halted to 
  rest ourselves and horses about 2 hours, we killed a buffaloe cow and took 
  a small quantity of the meat. after refreshing ourselves we again set out 
  by moon light and traveled leasurely, heavy thunderclouds lowered arround 
  us on every quarter but that from which the moon gave us light. we 
  continued to pass immence herds of buffaloe all night as we had done in 
  the latter part of the day. we traveled untill 2 OCk in the morning having 
  come by my estimate after dark about 20 ms# we now turned out our horses 
  and laid ourselves down to rest in the plain very much fatiegued as may be 
  readily conceived. my indian horse carried me very well in short much 
  better than my own would have done and leaves me with but little reason to 
  complain of the robery. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1518-1806-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  July 28th 1806 Monday. The morning proved fair, I slept sound but 
  fortunately awoke as day appeared, I awaked the men and directed the 
  horses to be saddled, I was so soar from my ride yesterday that I could 
  scarcely stand, and the men complained of being in a similar situation 
  however I encourged them by telling them that our own lives as well as 
  those of our friends and fellow travellers depended on our exertions at 
  this moment; they were allert soon prepared the horses and we again 
  resumed our march; the men proposed to pass the missouri at the grog 
  spring where rose river approaches it so nearly and pass down on the S# W# 
  side, to this I objected as it would delay us almost all day to reach the 
  point by this circuetous rout and would give the enemy time to surprise 
  and cut off the party at the point if they had arrived there, I told them 
  that we owed much to the safety of our friends and that we must wrisk our 
  lives on this occasion, that I should proceed immediately to the point and 
  if the party had not arrived that I would raft the missouri a small 
  distance above, hide our baggage and march on foot up the river through 
  the timber untill I met the canoes or joined them at the falls; I now told 
  them that it was my determination that if we were attacked in the plains 
  on our way to the point that the bridles of the horses should be tied 
  together and we would stand and defend them, or sell our lives as dear as 
  we could. we had proceeded about 12 miles on an East course when we found 
  ourselves near the missouri; we heared a report which we took to be that 
  of a gun but were not certain; still continuing down the N# E# bank of the 
  missouri about 8 miles further, being then within five miles of the grog 
  spring we heared the report of several rifles very distinctly on the river 
  to our right, we quickly repared to this joyfull sound and on arriving at 
  the bank of the river had the unspeakable satisfaction to see our canoes 
  coming down. we hurried down from the bluff on which we were and joined 
  them striped our horses and gave them a final discharge imbrarking without 
  loss of time with our baggage. I now learned that they had brought all 
  things safe having sustaned no loss nor met with any accident of 
  importance. Wiser had cut his leg badly with a knife and was unable in 
  consequence to work. we decended the river opposite to our principal cash 
  which we proceeded to open after reconnoitering the adjacent country. we 
  found that the cash had caved in and most of the articles burried therin 
  were injured; I sustained the loss of two very large bear skins which I 
  much regret; most of the fur and baggage belonging to the men were 
  injured. the gunpowder corn flour poark and salt had sustained but little 
  injury the parched meal was spoiled or nearly so. having no time to air 
  these things which they much wanted we droped down to the point to take in 
  the several articles which had been buried at that place in several small 
  cashes; these we found in good order, and recovered every article except 3 
  traps belonging to Drewyer which could not be found. here as good fortune 
  would have it Sergt# Gass and Willard who brought the horses from the 
  falls joined us at 1 P#M# I had ordered them to bring down the horses to 
  this place in order to assist them in collecting meat which I had directed 
  them to kill and dry here for our voyage, presuming that they would have 
  arrived with the perogue and canoes at this place several days before my 
  return. having now nothing to detain us we passed over immediately to the 
  island in the entrance of Maria's river to launch the red perogue, but 
  found her so much decayed that it was impossible with the means we had to 
  repare her and therefore mearly took the nails and other ironwork's about 
  her which might be of service to us and left her. we now reimbarked on 
  board the white peroge and five small canoes and decended the river about 
  15 ms# and encamped on the S# W# side near a few cottonwood trees, one of 
  them being of the narrow leafed speceis and was the first of that kind 
  which we had remarked on our passage up the river. we encamped late but 
  having little meat I sent out a couple of hunters who soon returned with a 
  sufficient quantity of the flesh of a fat cow. there are immence 
  quantities of buffaloe and Elk about the junction of the Missouri and 
  Maria's rivers. during the time we halted at the er.crance of 
  Maria's river we experienced a very heavy shower of rain and hail attended 
  with violent thunder and lightning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1519-1806-07-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 29, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday July 29th 1806. Shortly after dark last evening a violent storm 
  came on from N# W# attended with rain hail Thunder and lightning which 
  continued the greater part of the night. no having the means of making a 
  shelter I lay in the water all night. the rain continued with but little 
  intermission all day. I intend halting as soon as the weather proves fair 
  in order to dry our baggage which much wants it. I placed the two Fieldses 
  and Colter and Collins in the two smallest canoes with orderes to hunt, 
  and kill meat for the party and obtain as many Elkskins as are necessary 
  to cover our canoes and furnish us with shelters from the rain. we set out 
  early and the currant being strong we proceeded with great rapidity. at 11 
  A#M# we passed that very interesting part of the Missouri where the 
  natural walls appear, particularly discribed in my outward bound journey. 
  we continued our rout untill late in the evening and encamped on the N# E# 
  side of the river at the same place we had encamped on the 29th of May 
  1805. on our way today we killed 9 bighorns of which I preserved the skins 
  and skeletons of 2 females and one male; the flesh of this aninmal is 
  extreemly delicate tender and well flavored, they are now in fine order. 
  their flesh both in colour and flavor much resembles mutton though it is 
  not so strong as our mutton. the eye is large and prominant, the puple of 
  a pale sea green and iris of a light yellowish brown colour. these animals 
  abound in this quarter keeping themselves principally confined to the 
  steep clifts and bluffs of the river. we saw immence hirds of buffaloe in 
  the high plains today on either hand of the river. saw but few Elk. the 
  brown Curloo has left the plains I presume it has raised it's young and 
  retired to some other climate and country. as I have been very particular 
  in my discription of the country as I ascended this river I presume it is 
  unnecesssesary here to add any~thing further on that subject. the river is 
  now nearly as high as it has been this season and is so thick with mud and 
  sand that it is with difficulty I can drink it. every little rivulet now 
  discharges a torrant of water bringing down immece boddies of mud sand and 
  filth from the plains and broken bluffs. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1520-1806-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday July 30th 1806. The rain still continued this morning it was 
  therefore unnecessary to remain as we could not dry our baggage I 
  Consequently set out early as usual and pursued my rout downwards. the 
  currant being strong and the men anxious to get on they plyed their oars 
  faithfully and we went at the rate of about seven miles an hour. we halted 
  several times in the course of the day to kill some bighorns being anxious 
  to procure a few more skins and skeletons of this animal; I was fortunate 
  enough to procure one other malle and female for this purpose which I had 
  prepared accordingly. seven others were killed by the party also 2 
  buffaloe one Elk 2 beaver with & a female brown bear with tallons 61/4 
  inches in length. I preserved the skin of this bear also with the tallons; 
  it was not large and in but low order. we arrived this evening at an 
  island about 2 ms# above Goodriches Island and encamped on it's N# E# 
  side. the rain continued with but little intermission all day; the air is 
  cold and extreemly disagreeable. nothing extraordinary happened today 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1521-1806-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday July 31st 1806. The rain still continuing I set out early and 
  proceeded on as fast as possible. at 9 A#M# we fell in with a large herd 
  of Elk of which we killed 15 and took their skins. the bottoms in the 
  latter part of the day became wider better timbered and abound in game. 
  the party killed 14 deer in the course of the day without attempting to 
  hunt but little for them. we also killed 2 bighorns and 1 beaver; saw but 
  few buffaloe. the river is still rising and excessively muddy more so I 
  think than I ever saw it. we experienced some very heavy showers of rain 
  today. we have been passing high pine hills all day. late in the evening 
  we came too on the N# E# side of the river and took sheter in some indian 
  lodges built of sticks, about 8 ms# below the entrance of North mountain 
  creek. these lodges appeared to have been built in the course of the last 
  winter. these lodges with the addition of some Elk skins afforded us a 
  good shelter from the rain which continued to fall powerfully all night. I 
  think it probable that the minnetares of Fort de Prarie visit this part of 
  the river; we meet with their old lodges in every bottom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1522-1806-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 1st 1806. The rain still continuing I set out early as usual 
  and proceeded on at a good rate. at 9 A#M# we saw a large brown bear 
  swiming from an island to the main shore we pursued him and as he landed 
  Drewyer and myself shot and killed him; we took him on board the perogue 
  and continued our rout. at 11 A#M# we passed the entrance of Mussel shell 
  river. at 1 in the evening we arrived at a bottom on S# W# side where 
  there were several spacious Indian lodges built of sticks and an excellent 
  landing. as the rain still continued with but little intermission and 
  appearances seemed unfavorable to it's becomeing fair shortly, I 
  determined to halt at this place at least for this evening and indeavour 
  to dry my skins of the bighorn which had every appearance of spoiling, an 
  event which I would not should happen on any consideration as we have now 
  passed the country in which they are found and I therefore could not 
  supply the deficiency were I to loose these I have. I halted at this place 
  being about 15 ms# below Missel shell river, had fires built in the lodges 
  and my skins exposed to dry. shortly after we landed the rain ceased tho 
  it still continued cloudy all this evening. a white bear came within 50 
  paces of our camp before we perceived it; it stood erect on it's hinder 
  feet and looked at us with much apparent unconsern, we seized our guns 
  which are always by us and several of us fired at it and killed it. it was 
  a female in fine order, we fleesed it and extracted several gallons of 
  oil. this speceis of bar are rearly as poor at this season of the year as 
  the common black bear nor are they ever as fat as the black bear is found 
  in winter; as they feed principally on flesh, like the wolf, they are most 
  fatt when they can procure a sufficiency of food without rispect to the 
  season of the year. the oil of this bear is much harder than that of the 
  black bear being nearly as much so as the lard of a hog. the flesh is by 
  no means as agreeable as that of the black bear, or Yahkah or 
  partycoloured bear of the West side of the rocky mountains. on our way 
  today we killed a buck Elk in fine order the skins and a part of the flesh 
  of which we preserved. after encamping this evening the hunters killed 4 
  deer and a beaver. The Elk are now in fine order particularly the males. 
  their horns have obtained their full growth but have not yet shed the 
  velvet or skin which covers them. the does are found in large herds with 
  their young and a few young bucks with them. the old bucks yet herd 
  together in parties of two to 7 or 8. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1523-1806-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 2cd 1806. The morning proved fair and I determined to 
  remain all day and dry the baggage and give the men an opportunity to dry 
  and air their skins and furr. had the powder parched meal and every 
  article which wanted drying exposed to the sun. the day proved warm fair 
  and favourable for our purpose. I permitted the Fieldses to go on a few 
  miles to hunt. by evening we had dryed our baggage and repacked it in 
  readiness to load and set out early in the morning. the river fell 18 
  inches since yesterday evening. the hunters killed several deer in the 
  course of the day. nothing remarkable took place today. we are all 
  extreemly anxious to reach the entrance of the Yellowstone river where we 
  expect to join Capt# Clark and party. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1524-1806-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 3rd 1806. I arrose early this morning and had the perogue 
  and canoes loaded and set out at half after 6 A#M# we soon passed the 
  canoe of Colter and Collins who were on shore hunting, the men hailed them 
  but received no answer we proceeded, and shortly after overtook J# and R# 
  Fields who had killed 25 deer since they left us yesterday; deer are very 
  abundant in the timbered bottoms of the river and extreemly gentle. we did 
  not halt today to cook and dine as usual having directed that in future 
  the party should cook as much meat in the evening after encamping as would 
  be sufficient to serve them the next day; by this means we forward our 
  journey at least 12 or 15 miles Pr# day. we saw but few buffaloe in the 
  course of this day, tho a great number of Elk, deer, wolves, some bear, 
  beaver, geese a few ducks, the party coloured covus, one Callamet Eagle, a 
  number of bald Eagles, redheaded woodpeckers &c# we encamped this 
  evening on N# E# side of the river 2 ms# above our encampment of the 12th 
  of May 1805 soon after we encamp Drewyer killed a fat doe. the Fieldses 
  arrived at dark with the flesh of two fine bucks, besides which they had 
  killed two does since we passed them making in all 29 deer since yesterday 
  morning. Collins and Colter did not overtake us this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1525-1806-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 4th 1806. Set out at 4 A#M# this morning. permited Willard 
  and Sergt# Ordway to exchange with the Feildses and take their small canoe 
  to hunt to~day. at 1/2 after eleven O'Ck. passed the entrance of big dry 
  river; found the water in this river about 60 yds# wide tho shallow. it 
  runs with a boald even currant. at 3 P#M# we arrived at the entrance of 
  Milk river where we halted a few minutes. this stream is full at present 
  and it's water is much the colour of that of the Missouri; it affords as 
  much water at present as Maria's river and I have no doubt extends itself 
  to a considerable distance North. during our halt we killed a very large 
  rattlesnake of the speceis common to our country. it had 176 scuta on the 
  abdomen and 25 on the tail, it's length 5 feet. the scutae on the tail 
  fully formed. after passing this river we saw several large herds of 
  buffaloe and Elk we killed one of each of these animals and took as much 
  of the flesh as we wished. we encamped this evening two miles below the 
  gulph on the N# E# side of the river. Tonight for the first time this 
  season I heard the small whippoorwill or goatsucker of the Missouri cry. 
  Colter and Collins have not yet overtaken us. Ordway and Willard delayed 
  so much time in hunting today that they did not overtake us untill about 
  midnight. they killed one bear and 2 deer. in passing a bend just below 
  the gulph it being dark they were drawn by the currant in among a parsel 
  of sawyers, under one of which the canoe was driven and throwed Willard 
  who was steering overboard; he caught the sawyer and held by it; Ordway 
  with the canoe drifted down about half a mile among the sawyers under a 
  falling bank, the canoe struck frequently but did not overset; he at 
  length gained the shore and returned by land to learn the fate of Willard 
  whom he found was yet on the sawyer; it was impossible for him to take the 
  canoe to his relief Willard at length tied a couple of sticks together 
  which had lodged against the sawyer on which he was and set himself a 
  drift among the sawyers which he fortunately escaped and was taken up 
  about a mile below by Ordway with the canoe; they sustained no loss on 
  this occasion. it was fortunate for Willard that he could swim tolerably 
  well. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1526-1806-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Tuesday August 5th 1806. Colter and Collins not having arrived induced me 
  to remain this morning for them. the hunters killed four deer this morning 
  near our encampment. I remained untill noon when I again reimbarked and 
  set out concluding that as Colter and Collins had not arrived by that time 
  that they had passed us after dark the night of the 3rd inst# as Sergt 
  Ordway informed me he should have done last evening had not the centinel 
  hailed him. we continued our rout untill late in the evening when I came 
  too and encamped on the South side about 10 miles below little dry river. 
  on our way we killed a fat cow and took as much of the flesh as was 
  necessary for us. The Feildses killed 2 large bear this evening one of 
  them measured nine feet from the extremity of the nose to that of his 
  tail, this is the largest bear except one that I have seen. we saw several 
  bear today as we passed but did not kill any of them. we also saw on our 
  way immence herds of buffaloe & Elk, many deer Antelopes, wolves, 
  geese Eagles &c# but few ducks or prarie hens. the geese cannot fly at 
  present; I saw a solitary Pillacon the other day in the same situation. 
  this happens from their sheding or casting the fathers of the wings at 
  this season. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1527-1806-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Wednesday August 6th 1806. A little after dark last evening a violent 
  storm arrose to the N# E# and shortly after came on attended with violent 
  Thunder lightning and some hail; the rain fell in a mere torrant and the 
  wind blew so violently that it was with difficulty I could have the small 
  canoes unloaded before they filled with water; they sustained no injury. 
  our situation was open and exposed to the storm. in attending to the 
  canoes I got wet to the skin and having no shelter on land I betook myself 
  to the orning of the perogue which I had, formed of Elkskin, here I 
  obtained a few hours of broken rest; the wind and rain continued almost 
  all night and the air became very cold. we set out early this morning and 
  decended the river about 10 miles below Porcupine river when the wind 
  became so violent that I laid by untill 4 P#M# the wind then abaiting in 
  some measure we again resumed our voyage, and decended the river about 5 
  miles below our encampment of the 1st of May 1805 where we halted for the 
  night on the S# W# side of the river. after halting we killed three fat 
  cows and a buck. we had previously killed today 4 deer a buck Elk and a 
  fat cow. in short game is so abundant and gentle that we kill it when we 
  please. the Feildses went on ahead this evening and we did not overtake 
  them. we saw several bear in the course of the day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1528-1806-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 7th 1806. It began to rain about midnight and continued 
  with but little intermission until 10 A#M# today. the air was cold and 
  extreemly unpleasant. we set out early resolving if possible to reach the 
  Yelowstone river today which was at the distance of 83 ms# from our 
  encampment of the last evening; the currant favoured our progress being 
  more rapid than yesterday, the men plyed their oars faithfully and we went 
  at a good rate. at 8 A#M# we passed the entrance of Marthy's river which 
  has changed it's entrance since we passed it last year, falling in at 
  preasent about a quarter of a mile lower down. at or just below the 
  entrance of this river we meet with the first appearance of Coal birnt 
  hills and pumicestone, these appearances seem to be coextensive. here it 
  is also that we find the first Elm and dwarf cedar on the bluffs, the ash 
  first appears in the instance of one solletary tree at the Ash rapid, 
  about the Elk rapid and from thence down we occasionly meet with it 
  scattered through the bottoms but it is generally small. from Marthy's 
  river to Milk river on the N# E# side there is a most beautifull level 
  plain country; the soil is much more fertile here than above. we overtook 
  the Feildses at noon. they had killed 2 bear and seen 6 others, we saw and 
  fired on two from our perogue but killed neither of them. these bear 
  resort the river where they lie in wate at the crossing places of the game 
  for the Elk and weak cattle; when they procure a subject of either they 
  lie by the carcase and keep the wolves off untill they devour it. the bear 
  appear to be very abundant on this part of the river. we saw a number of 
  buffaloe Elk &c as we passed but did not detain to kill any of them. 
  we also saw an unusual flight of white gulls about the size of a pigeon 
  with the top of their heads black. at 4 P#M# we arrived at the entrance of 
  the Yellowstone river. I landed at the point and found that Capt# Clark 
  had been encamped at this place and from appearances had left it about 7 
  or 8 days. I found a paper on a pole at the point which mearly contained 
  my name in the hand wrighting of Capt# C# we also found the remnant of a 
  note which had been attatched to a peace of Elk's horns in the camp; from 
  this fragment I learned that game was scarce at the point and musquetoes 
  troublesome which were the reasons given for his going on; I also learnt 
  that he intended halting a few miles below where he intended waiting my 
  arrival. I now wrote a note directed to Colter and Collins provided they 
  were behind, ordering them to come on without loss of time; this note I 
  wraped in leather and attatced onto the same pole which Capt# C# had 
  planted at the point; this being done I instantly reimbarked and decended 
  the river in the hope of reaching Capt# C's camp before night. about 7 
  miles below the point on the S# W# shore I saw some meat that had been 
  lately fleased and hung on a pole; I directed Sergt# Ordway to go on shore 
  examine the place; on his return he reported that he saw the tracks of two 
  men which appeared so resent that he beleived they had been there today, 
  the fire he found at the plce was blaizing and appeared to have been 
  mended up afresh or within the course of an hour past. he found at this 
  place a part of a Chinnook hat which my men recognized as the hat of 
  Gibson; from these circumstances we included that Capt# C's camp could not 
  be distant and pursued our rout untill dark with the hope of reaching his 
  camp in this however we were disappointed and night coming on compelled us 
  to encamp on the N# E# shore in the next bottom above our encampment of 
  the 23rd and 24th of April 1805. as we came too a herd of buffaloe 
  assembled on the shore of which we killed a fat cow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1529-1806-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Friday August 8th 1806. Beleiving from the recent appearances about the 
  fire which we past last evening that Capt Clark could be at no great 
  distance below I set out early; the wind heard from the N# E# but by the 
  force of the oars and currant we traveled at a good rate untill 10 A#M# by 
  which time we reached the center of the beaver bends about 8 ms# by water 
  and 3 by land above the entrance of White earth river. not finding Capt# 
  Clark I knew not what calculation to make with rispect to his halting and 
  therefore determined to proceed as tho he was not before me and leave the 
  rest to the chapter of accedents. at this place I found a good beach for 
  the purpose of drawing out the perogue and one of the canoes which wanted 
  corking and reparing. the men with me have not had leasure since we left 
  the West side of the Rocky mountains to dress any skins or make themselves 
  cloaths and most of them are therefore extreemly bare. I therefore 
  determined to halt at this place untill the perogue and canoe could be 
  repared and the men dress skins and make themselves the necessary 
  cloathing. we encamped on the N# E# side of the river; we found the 
  Musquetoes extreemly troublesome but in this rispect there is but little 
  choise of camps from hence down to St# Louis. from this place to the 
  little Missouri there is an abundance of game I shall therefore when I 
  leave this place travel at my leasure and avail myself of every 
  opportunity to collect and dry meat untill I provide a sufficient quantity 
  for our voyage not knowing what provision Capt C# has made in this 
  rispect. I formed a camp unloaded the canoes and perogue, had the latter 
  and one of the canoes drawn out to dry, fleased what meat we had collected 
  and hung it on poles in the sun, after which the men busied themselves in 
  dressing skins and making themselves cloaths. Drewyer killed 2 Elk and a 
  deer this evening. the air is cold yet the Musquetoes continue to be 
  troublesome. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1530-1806-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Saturday August 9th 1806. The day proved fair and favourable for our 
  purposes. the men were all engaged dressing skins and making themselves 
  cloathes except R & J# Fields whom I sent this morning over the river 
  with orders to proceed to the entrance of the White earth river in surch 
  of Capt# C# and to hunt and kill Elk or buffaloe should they find any 
  convenient to the river. in the evening these men returned and informed me 
  that they saw no appearance of Capt# Clark or party. they found no game 
  nor was there a buffaloe.to be seen in the plains as far as the eye could 
  reach. nothing remarkable took place in the course of the day. Colter and 
  Collins have not yet overtaken us I fear some missfortune has happened 
  them for their previous fidelity and orderly deportment induces me to 
  beleive that they would not thus intentionally delay. the Perogue is not 
  yet sufficiently dry for reparing. we have no pitch and will therefore be 
  compelled to use coal and tallow. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1531-1806-08-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 10, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Sunday August 10th 1806. The morning was somewhat cloudy I therefore 
  apprehended rain however it shortly after became fair. I hastened the 
  repairs which were necessary to the perogue and canoe which were 
  compleated by 2 P#M# those not engaged about this business employed 
  themselves as yester~day. at 4 in the evening it clouded up and began to 
  rain which puting a stop to the opperation of skindressing we had nothing 
  further to detain us, I therefore directed the vessels to be loaded and at 
  5 P#M# got under way the wind has blown very hard all day but did not 
  prove so much so this evening as absolutely to detain us. we decended this 
  evening as low nearly as the entrance of white Earth river and encamped on 
  the S# W# side. the musquetoes more than usually troublesome this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1532-1806-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Monday August 11th 1806. We set out very early this morning. it being my 
  wish to arrive at the birnt hills by noon in order to take the latitude of 
  that place as it is the most northern point of the Missouri, enformed the 
  party of my design and requested that they would exert themselves to reach 
  the place in time as it would save us the delay of nearly one day; being 
  as anxious to get forward as I was they plyed their oars faithfully and we 
  proceeded rapidly. I had instructed the small canoes that if they saw any 
  game on the river to halt and kill it and follow on; however we saw but 
  little game untill about 9 A#M# when we came up with a buffaloe swiming 
  the river which I shot and killed; leaving the small canoes to dress it 
  and bring on the meat I proceeded. we had gone but little way before I saw 
  a very large grizzly bear and put too in order to kill it, but it took 
  wind of us and ran off. the small canoes overtook us and informed that the 
  flesh of the buffaloe was unfit for uce and that they had therefore left 
  it half after 11 A#M# we saw a large herd of Elk on the N# E# shore and I 
  directed the men in the small canoes to halt and kill some of them and 
  continued on in the perogue to the birnt hills; when I arrived here it was 
  about 20 minutes after noon and of course the observation for the O's 
  meridian Altitude was lost; jus opposite to the birnt hills there happened 
  to be a herd of Elk on a thick willow bar and finding that my observation 
  was lost for the present I determined to land and kill some of them 
  accordingly we put too and I went out with Cruzatte only. we fired on the 
  Elk I killed one and he wounded another, we reloaded our guns and took 
  different routs through the thick willows in pursuit of the Elk; I was in 
  the act of firing on the Elk a second time when a ball struck my left thye 
  about an inch below my hip joint, missing the bone it passed through the 
  left thye and cut the thickness of the bullet across the hinder part of 
  the right thye; the stroke was very severe; I instantly supposed that 
  Cruzatte had shot me in mistake for an Elk as I was dressed in brown 
  leather and he cannot see very well; under this impression I called out to 
  him damn you, you have shot me, and looked towards the place from whence 
  the ball had come, seeing nothing I called Cruzatte several times as loud 
  as I could but received no answer; I was now preswaded that it was an 
  indian that had shot me as the report of the gun did not appear to be more 
  than 40 paces from me and Cruzatte appeared to be out of hearing of me; in 
  this situation not knowing how many indians there might be concealed in 
  the bushes I thought best to make good my retreat to the perogue, calling 
  out as I ran for the first hundred paces as loud as I could to Cruzatte to 
  retreat that there were indians hoping to allarm him in time to make his 
  escape also; I still retained the charge in my gun which I was about to 
  discharge at the moment the ball struck me. when I arrived in sight of the 
  perogue I called the men to their arms to which they flew in an instant, I 
  told them that I was wounded but I hoped not mortally, by an indian I 
  beleived and directed them to follow me that I would return & give 
  them battle and releive Cruzatte if possible who I feared had fallen into 
  their hands; the men followed me as they were bid and I returned about a 
  hundred paces when my wounds became so painfull and my thye so stiff that 
  I could scarcely get on; in short I was compelled to halt and ordered the 
  men to proceed and if they found themselves overpowered by numbers to 
  retreat in order keeping up a fire. I now got back to the perogue as well 
  as I could and prepared my self with a pistol my rifle and air~gun being 
  determined as a retreat was impracticable to sell my life as deerly as 
  possible. in this state of anxiety and suspense remained about 20 minutes 
  when the party returned with Cruzatte and reported that there were no 
  indians nor the appearance of any; Cruzatte seemed much allarmed and 
  declared if he had shot me it was not his intention, that he had shot an 
  Elk in the willows after he left or seperated from me. I asked him whether 
  he did not hear me when I called to him so frequently which he absolutely 
  denied. I do not beleive that the fellow did it intentionally but after 
  finding that he had shot me was anxious to conceal his knowledge of having 
  done so. the ball had lodged in my breeches which I knew to be the ball of 
  the short rifles such as that he had, and there being no person out with 
  me but him and no indians that we could discover I have no doubt in my own 
  mind of his having shot me. with the assistance of Sergt# Gass I took off 
  my cloaths and dressed my wounds myself as well as I could, introducing 
  tents of patent lint into the ball holes, the wounds blead considerably 
  but I was hapy to find that it had touched neither bone nor artery. I sent 
  the men to dress the two Elk which Cruzatte and myself had killed which 
  they did in a few minutes and brought the meat to the river. the small 
  canoes came up shortly after with the flesh of one Elk. my wounds being so 
  situated that I could not without infinite pain make an observation I 
  determined to relinquish it and proceeded on. we came within eight miles 
  of our encampment of the 15th of April 1805 and encamped on N# E# side. as 
  it was painfull to me to be removed I slept on board the perogue; the pain 
  I experienced excited a high fever and I had a very uncomfortable night. 
  at 4 P#M# we passed an encampment which had been evacuated this morning by 
  Capt# Clark, here I found a note from Capt# C# informing me that he had 
  left a letter for me at the entrance of the Yelow stone river, but that 
  Sergt# Pryor who had passed that place since he left it had taken the 
  letter; that Sergt# Pryor having been robed of all his horses had decended 
  the Yelowstone river in skin canoes and had over taken him at this 
  encampment. this I fear puts an end to our prospects of obtaining the 
  Sioux Cheifs to accompany us as we have not now leasure to send and enjage 
  Mr# Heney on this service, or at least he would not have time to engage 
  them to go as early as it is absolutely necessary we should decend the 
  river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1533-1806-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Lewis
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1806
@section 3 {txl}
  Thursday August 12th 1806. Being anxious to overtake Capt# Clark who from 
  the appearance of his camps could be at no great distance before me, we 
  set out early and proceeded with all possible expedition at 8 A#M# the 
  bowsman informed me that there was a canoe and a camp he beleived of 
  whitemen on the N# E# shore. I directed the perogue and canoes to come too 
  at this place and found it to be the camp of two hunters from the Illinois 
  by name Joseph Dickson and Forest Hancock. these men informed me that 
  Capt# C# had passed them about noon the day before. they also informed me 
  that they had left the Illinois in the summer 1804 since which time they 
  had been ascended the Missouri, hunting and traping beaver; that they had 
  been robed by the indians and the former wounded last winter by the Tetons 
  of the birnt woods; that they had hitherto been unsuccessfull in their 
  voyage having as yet caught but little beaver, but were still determined 
  to proceed. I gave them a short discription of the Missouri, a list of 
  distances to the most conspicuous streams and remarkable places on the 
  river above and pointed out to them the places where the beaver most 
  abounded. I also gave them a file and a couple of pounds of powder with 
  some lead. these were articles which they assured me they were in great 
  want of. I remained with these men an hour and a half when I took leave of 
  them and proceeded. while I halted with these men Colter and Collins who 
  seperated from us on the 3rd ist# rejoined us. they were well no accedent 
  having happened. they informed me that after proceeding the first day and 
  not overtaking us that they had concluded that we were behind and had 
  delayed several days in waiting for us and had thus been unable to join us 
  untill the present momet. my wounds felt very stiff and soar this morning 
  but gave me no considerable pain. there was much less inflamation than I 
  had reason to apprehend there would be. I had last evening applyed a 
  poltice of peruvian barks at 1 P#M# I overtook Capt# Clark and party and 
  had the pleasure of finding them all well. as wrighting in my present 
  situation is extreemly painfull to me I shall desist untill I recover and 
  leave to my frind Capt# C# the continuation of our journal. however I must 
  notice a singular Cherry which is found on the Missouri in the bottom 
  lands about the beaverbends and some little distance below the white earth 
  river. this production is not very abundant even in the small tract of 
  country to which it seems to be confined. the stem is compound erect and 
  subdivided or branching without any regular order it rises to the hight of 
  eight or ten feet seldom puting up more than one stem from the same root 
  not growing in cops as the Choke Cherry dose. the bark is smooth and of a 
  dark brown colour. the leaf is peteolate, oval accutely pointed at it's 
  apex, from one and a 1/4 to 11/2 inches in length and from 1/2 to 3/4 of 
  an inch in width, finely or minutely serrate, pale green and free from 
  bubessence. the fruit is a globular berry about the size of a buck~shot of 
  a fine scarlet red; like the cherries cultivated in the U States each is 
  supported by a seperate celindric flexable branch peduncle which issue 
  from the extremities of the boughs the peduncle of this cherry swells as 
  it approahes the fruit being largest at the point of insertion. the pulp 
  of this fruit is of an agreeable ascid flavour and is now ripe. the style 
  and stigma are permanent. I have never seen it in blume. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1534-1806-07-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday July 3rd 1806 we colected our horses and after brackfast I took 
  My leave of Capt Lewis and the indians and at 8 A M Set out with  ¿¿  men 
  interpreter Shabono & his wife & child (as an interpreter & 
  interpretess for the Crow Inds and the latter for the Shoshoni) with 50 
  horses. we proceeded on through the Vally of Clarks river on the West Side 
  of the river nearly South 18 Miles and halted on the upper Side of a large 
  Creek, haveing Crossed 8 Streams 4 of which were Small. this vally is from 
  10 to 15 Ms# in width tolerably leavel and partially timberd with long 
  leaf & pitch pine, Some cotton wood, Birch, and Sweet willow on the 
  borders of the Streams. I observed 2 Species of Clover in this vally one 
  the white Clover Common in the Western parts of the U# States, the other 
  Species which is much Smaller than either the red or white both it's leaf 
  & blossom the horses are excessively fond of this Species. after 
  letting our horses graze a Sufficient length of time to fill themselves, 
  and taking dinner of Venison we again resumed our journey up the Vally 
  which we found more boutifully versified with Small open plains covered 
  with a great variety of Sweet cented plants, flowers & grass. this 
  evening we Crossed 10 Streams 8 of which were large Creeks which comes 
  roleing their Currents with Velocity into the river. those Creeks take 
  their rise in the mountains to the West which mountains is at this time 
  Covered with Snow for about 1/5 of the way from their tops downwards. Some 
  Snow is also to be Seen on the high points and hollows of the Mountains to 
  the East of us. our Course this evening was nearly South 18 Ms# makeing a 
  total of 36 miles today. we encamped on the N# Side of a large Creek where 
  we found tolerable food for our horses. Labeish killed a Deer this 
  evening. We Saw great numbers of deer and 1 bear today. I also observed 
  the burring Squirel of the Species Common about the quawmarsh flatts West 
  of the Rocky Mountains. Musquetors very troublesom. one man Jo# 
  Potts very unwell this evening owing to rideing a hard trotting horse; I 
  give him a pill of Opiom which Soon releve him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1535-1806-07-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday July 4th 1806 I order three hunters to Set out early this morning 
  to hunt & kill Some meat and by 7 A#M# we Collected our horses took 
  braekfast and Set out proceeded on up the Vally on the West Side of Clarks 
  river crossing three large deep and rapid Creeks, and two of a Smaller 
  Size to a Small branch in the Spurs of the mountain and dined. the last 
  Creek or river which we pass'd was So deep and the water So rapid that 
  Several of the horses were Sweped down Some distance and the Water run 
  over Several others which wet Several articles. after Crossing this little 
  river, I observed in the road the tracks of two men whome I prosume is of 
  the Shoshone nation. our hunters joined us with 2 deer in tolerable order. 
  on the Side of the Hill near the place we dined Saw a gange of Ibex or big 
  horn Animals I Shot at them running and missed. This being the day of the 
  decleration of Independence of the United States and a Day commonly 
  Scelebrated by my Country I had every disposition to Selebrate this day 
  and therefore halted early and partook of a Sumptious Dinner of a fat 
  Saddle of Venison and Mush of Cows (roots) after Dinner we proceeded on 
  about one mile to a very large Creek which we assended Some distance to 
  find a foard to cross in crossing this creek Several articles got wet, the 
  water was So Strong, alto the debth was not much above the horses belly, 
  the water passed over the backs and loads of the horses. those Creeks are 
  emensely rapid has great decnt the bottoms of the Creek as well as the low 
  lands on each Side is thickly covered with large Stone after passing this 
  Creek I inclined to the left and fell into the road on which we had passed 
  down last fall near the place we had dined on the 7th of Sept. and 
  continued on the road passing up on the W# Side of Clarks river 13 miles 
  to the West fork of Sd# river and Encamped on an arm of the same I Sent 
  out 2 men to hunt, and 3 in Serch of a foard to pass the river. at dark 
  they all returned and reported that they had found a place that the river 
  might be passed but with Some risque of the loads getting wet I order them 
  to get up their horses and accompany me to those places &c# our 
  hunters killed 4 deer to day. we made 30 ms# to day on a course nearly 
  South Vally from 8 to 10 mes# wide. contains a good portion of Pitch pine. 
  we passed three large deep rapid Creeks this after noon 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1536-1806-07-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday July 5th 1806 I rose at day light this morning despatched Labeash 
  after a Buck which he killed late last evening; and I with the three men 
  who I had Sent in Serch of a ford across the West fork of Clarks river, 
  and examined each ford neither of them I thought would answer to pass the 
  fork without wetting all the loads. near one of those places pointed out 
  by Colter I found a practiable foard and returned to Camp, ordered 
  everything packed up and after Brackfast we Set out passed 5 Chanels of 
  the river which is divided by Small Islands in passing the 6th & last 
  Chanel Colter horse Swam and with Some dificuelty he made the Opposite 
  Shore, Shannon took a different derection from Colter rained his horse up 
  the Stream and passed over very well I derected all to follow Shannon and 
  pass quartering up the river which they done and passed over tolerably 
  well the water running over the back of the 2 Smaller horses only. 
  unfortunately my trunk & portmantue Containing Sea otter Skins flags 
  Some curiosites & necessary articles in them got wet, also an 
  esortment of Medicine, and my roots. about 1 mile we struk the East fork 
  which had fallen and was not higher than when we passed it last fall we 
  had not proceeded up this fork more than 1 mile eer we struck the road by 
  which we passed down last fall and kept it at one mile we crossed the 
  river at a very good foard and continued up on the East Side to the foot 
  of the Mountain nearly opposite flour Crek & halted to let our horses 
  graze and dry our wet articles. I saw fresh Sign of 2 horses and a fire 
  burning on the side of the road. I prosume that those indians are spies 
  from the Shoshones. Shannon & Crusat killed each a deer this morning 
  and J# Shields killed a female Ibex or bighorn on the side of the 
  Mountain, this Animal was very meager. Shannon left his tomahawk at the 
  place he killed his deer. I derect him to return for it and join me in the 
  Vally on the East Side of this mountain. gave Shields permission to 
  proceed on over to the 1st Vally and there hunt untill my arival this 
  evening at that place, after drying every article which detained us untill 
  1/2 past 4 P#M# we packed up and Crossed the Mountain into the vally where 
  we first met with the flatheads here I overtook Shields he had not killed 
  any thing. I crossed the river which heads in a high peecked mountain 
  Covered with Snow N# E# of the Vally at about 20 Miles. Shields informed 
  me that the Flat head indians passed up the Small Creek which we came down 
  last fall about 2 miles above our Encampment of the 4th & 5th of, 
  Septr. I proceeded up this South branch 2 Miles and encamped on the E# 
  side of the Creek, and Sent out several men to examine the road. Shields 
  returned at dark and informed me that the best road turned up the hill 
  from the creek 3 Miles higher up, and appeared to be a plain beaten parth. 
  as this rout of the Oat lash shoots can be followed it will evidently 
  Shorten our rout at least 2 days and as the indians informed me last fall 
  a much better rout than the one we came out. at all events I am deturmined 
  to make the attempt and follow their trail if possible if I can prosue it 
  my rout will be nearer and much better than the one we Came from the 
  Shoshones, & if I should not be able to follow their road; our rout 
  can't possibly be much wors. The hunters killed two deer this evening. The 
  after part of the day we only come 8 miles makeing a total of 20 Miles. 
  Shannon Came up about Sunset haveing found his tomahawk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1537-1806-07-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 6th July 1806 Some frost this morning the last night was so cold 
  that I could not Sleep. we Collected our horses which were much scattered 
  which detained us untill 9 A#M# at which time we Set out and proceeded up 
  the Creek on which we camped 3 Miles and left the road which we came on 
  last fall to our right and assended a ridge with a gentle Slope to the 
  dividing mountain which Seperates the waters from the Middle fork of 
  Clarks river from those and Lewis's river and passed over prosueing the 
  rout of the Oat lash shute band which we met last fall to the head of a 
  branch of Wisdom R and down the Said branch crossing it frequently on each 
  Side of this handsom glades in which I observe great quantities of 
  quawmash just beginning to blume on each side of those glades the timber 
  is small and a great propotion of it Killed by the fires. I observe the 
  appearance of old buffalow roads and some heads on this part of the 
  mountain. The Snow appears to lying in considerable masses on the mountain 
  from which we decended on the 4th of Septr. last. I observe great numbers 
  of the whistleing Squirel which burrows their holes Scattered on each Side 
  of the glades through which we passed. Shields killed a hare of the large 
  mountain Species. the after part of the day we passed on the hill Side N 
  of the Creek for 6 Ms# Creek and entered an extensive open Leavel plain in 
  which the Indian trail Scattered in Such a manner that we Could not pursue 
  it. the Indian woman wife to Shabono informed me that she had been in this 
  plain frequently and knew it well that the Creek which we decended was a 
  branch of Wisdom river and when we assended the higher part of the plain 
  we would discover a gap in the mountains in our direction to the Canoes, 
  and when we arived at that gap we would See a high point of a mountain 
  covered with snow in our direction to the canoes. we proceeded on 1 mile 
  and Crossd. a large Creek from the right which heads in a Snow Mountain 
  and Fish Creek over which there was a road thro a gap. we assended a Small 
  rise and beheld an open boutifull Leavel Vally or plain of about 20 Miles 
  wide and near 60 long extending N & S# in every direction around which 
  I could see high points of Mountains Covered with Snow. I discovered one 
  at a distance very high covered with Snow which bore S# 80° E# The Squar 
  pointed to the gap through which she said we must pass which was S# 56° E# 
  She said we would pass the river before we reached the gap. we had not 
  proceeded more than 2 Miles in the last Creek, before a violent Storm of 
  wind accompand. with hard rain from the S W# imediately from off the Snow 
  Mountains this rain was Cold and lasted 11/2 hours. I discovd# the rain 
  wind as it approached and halted and formd. a solid column to protect our 
  Selves from the Violency of the gust. after it was over I proceeded on 
  about 5 Miles to Some Small dry timber on a Small Creek and encampd. made 
  large fires and dryed our Selves. here I observed Some fresh Indian Signs 
  where they had been gathering quawmash. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1538-1806-07-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 7th July 1806 This morning our horses were very much Scattered; I 
  Sent out men in every direction in Serch of them. they brought all except 
  9 by 6 oClock and informed me that they could not find those 9. I then 
  ordered 6 men to take horses and go different directions and at a greater 
  distance those men all returned by 10 A#M# and informed me that they had 
  circles in every direction to 6 or 8 miles around Camp and could not See 
  any Signs of them, that they had reasons to believe that the indians had 
  Stolen them in the course of the night, and founded their reasons on the 
  quallity of the horses, all being the most valuable horses we had, and 
  Several of them so attached to horses of inferior quallity which we have 
  they could not be Seperated from each other when driveing with their loads 
  on in the course of the day. I thought it probable that they might be 
  stolen by Some Skulking Shoshones, but as it was yet possible that they 
  may have taken our back rout or rambled to a greater distance I deturmined 
  to leave a Small party and hunt for them to day, and proceed on with the 
  main party and all the baggage to the Canoes, raise them out of the water 
  and expose them to the sun to dry by the time this party Should overtake 
  me. I left Sergt# Ordway, Shannon, Gibson Collins & Labeech with 
  directions to hunt this day for the horses without they Should discover 
  that the Inds# had taken them into the Mountains, and prosue our trail 
  &c# at 1/2 past 10 A M I set out and proceeded on through an open rich 
  vally crossing four large Creeks with extensive low and mirey bottoms, and 
  a Small river keeping the Course I had set out on S# 56° E after crossing 
  the river I kept up on the N E# side, Sometimes following an old road 
  which frequently disappeared, at the distance of 16 miles we arived at a 
  Boiling Spring Situated about 100 paces from a large Easterly fork of the 
  Small river in a leavel open vally plain and nearly opposit & E# of 
  the 3 forks of this little river which heads in the Snowey Mountains to 
  the S E# & S W of the Springs. this Spring contains a very 
  considerable quantity of water, and actually blubbers with heat for 20 
  paces below where it rises. it has every appearance of boiling, too hot 
  for a man to endure his hand in it 3 seconds. I directt Sergt# Pryor and 
  John Shields to put each a peice of meat in the water of different Sises. 
  the one about the Size of my 3 fingers Cooked dun in 25 minits the other 
  much thicker was 32 minits before it became Sufficiently dun. this water 
  boils up through some loose hard gritty Stone. a little sulferish after 
  takeing dininer and letting our horses graize 1 hour and a half we 
  proceeded on Crossed this easterly branch and up on the N# Side of this 
  middle fork 9 miles crossed it near the head of an Easterly branch and 
  passed through a gap of a mountain on the Easterly Side of which we 
  encamped near some butifull which fall into Willards Creek. I directed 
  that the rambling horses should be hobbled, and the Sentinal to examine 
  the horses after the moon rose. Emence beaver sign. 
  = 
  This extensive vally Surround with covered with snow is extreemly fertile 
  covered esculent plants &c and the Creeks which pass through it 
  contains emence numbers of beaver &c# I now take my leave of this 
  butifull extensive vally which I call the hot spring Vally, and behold one 
  less extensive and much more rugid on Willards Creek for near 12 miles in 
  length. remarkable Cold night 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1539-1806-07-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday July 8th 1806 Our horses being Scattered we were detained unill 8 
  A# M before we Set out. we proceeded on down Willards Creek on the S#W# 
  Side about 11 miles near which the Creek passes through the mountain we 
  then Steared S# 20° E# to the West branch of Jeffersons river in Snake 
  Indian cove about 7 miles and halded two hours to let the horses graize. 
  after dinner we proceeded on down the forke which is here but Small 9 
  Miles to our encampment of 17 Augt. at which place we Sunk our Canoes 
  & buried Some articles, as before mentioned the most of the Party with 
  me being Chewers of Tobacco become So impatient to be chewing it that they 
  Scercely gave themselves time to take their Saddles off their horses 
  before they were off to the deposit. I found every article Safe, except a 
  little damp. I gave to each man who used tobacco about two feet off a part 
  of a role took one third of the ballance myself and put up 2/3 in a box to 
  Send down with the most of the articles which had been left at this place, 
  by the Canoes to Capt# Lewis. as it was late nothing Could be done with 
  the Canoes this evening. I examined them and found then all Safe except 
  one of the largest which had a large hole in one Side & Split in bow. 
  The Country through which we passed to day was diversified high dry and 
  uneaven Stoney open plains and low bottoms very boggy with high mountains 
  on the tops and North sides of which there was Snow, great quantities of 
  the Species of hysoop & shrubs common to the Missouri plains are 
  Scattered in those Vallys and hill Sides. The road which we have traveled 
  from travellers rest Creek to this place an excellent road. and with only 
  a few trees being cut out of the way would be an excellent waggon road one 
  Mountain of about 4 miles over excepted which would require a little 
  digging The distance is 164 Miles. Shields killed an antelope 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1540-1806-07-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 9th July 1806 rose early had the horses brought up. after which 
  I had the Canoes raised washed, brough down and drawn up on Shore to dry 
  and repard. Set Several men to work digging for the Tobacco Capt# Lewis 
  informed me he had buried in the place the lodge Stood when we lay here 
  last Summer, they Serched diligently without finding anything. at 10 A M 
  Sergt# Ordway and party arrived with the horses we had lost. he reported 
  that he found those horses near the head of the Creek on which we 
  encamped, makeing off as fast as they could and much Scattered. nothing 
  material took place with his party in their absence. I had the Canoes 
  repared men & lodes appotioned ready to embark tomorrow morning. I 
  also formd. the party to accomp me to the river Rejhone from applicants 
  and apportioned what little baggage I intended to carry as also the Spear 
  horses. this day was windy and Cold. The Squar brought me a Plant the root 
  of which the nativs eat. this root most resembles a Carrot in form and 
  Size and Something of its colour, being of a pailer yellow than that of 
  our Carrot, the Stem and leaf is much like the Common Carrot, and the 
  taste not unlike. it is a native of moist land. John Sheilds and 
  Collins each killed a Deer this morning. the wind dried our Canoes very 
  much they will be Sufficiently dry by tomorrow morning to Set out in them 
  down the river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1541-1806-07-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday July 10th 1806 last night was very cold and this morning 
  everything was white with frost and the grass Stiff frozend. I had Some 
  water exposed in a bason in which the ice was 3/4 of an inch thick this 
  morning. I had all the Canoes put into the water and every article which 
  was intended to be Sent down put on board, and the horses collected and 
  packed with what fiew articles I intend takeing with me to the River 
  Rochejhone, and after brackfast we all Set out at the Same time & 
  proceeded on Down Jeffersons river on the East Side through Sarviss Vally 
  and rattle snake mountain and into that butifull and extensive Vally open 
  and fertile which we Call the beaver head Vally which is the Indian name 
  in their language Har na Hap pap Chah. from the No# of those animals in it 
  & a pt# of land resembling the head of one this Vally extends from the 
  rattle Snake Mountain down Jeffersons river as low as fraziers Creek above 
  the big horn mountain and is from 12 to 30 miles in width and  ¿¿  miles 
  on a direct line in length and Jeffersons river in passing through this 
  Vally reives McNeals Creek, Track Creek, Phalanthrophy river, Wisdom 
  river, Fields river and Fraziers Creek each throw in a considerable 
  quantity of water and have innoumerable beaver and otter on them; the 
  bushes in their low bottoms are the resort for great numbers of Deer, and 
  in the higher parts of the Vally we see Antelopes scattered feeding. I saw 
  also on the Sides of the rock in rattle snake mountain 15 big horn 
  animals, those animals feed on the grass which grow on the Sides of the 
  mountn. and in the narrow bottoms on the Water courses near the Steep 
  Sides of the mountains on which they can make their escape from the 
  pursute of wolves Bear &c# at Meridian I halted to let the horses 
  Graze having Come 15 Miles I ordered the to land. Sergt# Ordway informed 
  me that the party with him had Come on very well, and he thought the 
  Canoes could go as farst as the horses &c# as the river now become 
  wider and not So Sholl, I deturmined to put all the baggage &c# which 
  I intend takeing with me to the river Rochejhone in the canoes and proceed 
  on down with them myself to the 3 forks or Madisons & galletens 
  rivers. leaveing the horses to be taken down by Sergt# Pryor and 6 of the 
  men of the party to accompany me to the river Rochejhone and directed 
  Sergt# Pryor to proceed on moderately and if possible encamp with us every 
  night. after dinner had my baggage put on board and Set out, and proceeded 
  on tolerable well to the head of the 3000 Mile Island on which we had 
  encamped on the 11th of Augt last. the Canoes passed Six of my encampments 
  assending, opposit this island I encamped on the East side. the Musquetors 
  were troublesom all day and untill one hour after Sunset when it became 
  Cool and they disappeared. in passing down in the Course of this day we 
  saw great numbers of beaver lying on the Shores in the Sun. wild young 
  Gees and ducks are common in this river. we killed two young gees this 
  evening. I saw several large rattle Snakes in passing the rattle Snake 
  Mountain they were fierce. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1542-1806-07-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 11th July 1806 Sent on 4 of the best hunters in 2 Canoes to proceed 
  on a fiew miles a head and hunt untill I came up with them, after an early 
  brackfast I proceeded on down a very crooked Chanel, at 8 a. m I overtook 
  one Canoe with a Deer which Collins had killed, at meridian passed Sergt# 
  Pryors Camp near a high point of land on the left Side which the Shoshones 
  call the beavers head. the wind rose and blew with great violence from the 
  S W imediately off Some high mountains Covered with Snow. the violence of 
  this wind retarded our progress very much and the river being emencly 
  Crooked we had it imediately in our face nearly every bend. at 6 P M I 
  passed Phalanthrophy river which I proceved was very low. the wind Shifted 
  about to the N# E# and bley very hard tho much wormer than the forepart of 
  the day. at 7 P M I arrived at the Enterance of Wisdom River and Encampd. 
  in the Spot we had encamped the 6th of August last. here we found a 
  Bayonet which had been left & the Canoe quite safe. I directed that 
  all the nails be taken out of this Canoe and paddles to be made of her 
  Sides & here I came up with Gibson & Colter whome I had Sent on a 
  head for the purpose of hunting this morning, they had killed a fat Buck 
  and 5 young gees nearly grown. Wisdom river is very high and falling. I 
  have Seen great Nos# of Beaver on the banks and in the water as I passed 
  down to day, also some Deer and great numbers young gees, Sand hill cranes 
  &c# &c# Sgt# Pryor left a deer on the shore 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1543-1806-07-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 12th,July 1806 Sergt# Pryor did not join me last night he has 
  proceeded on down. the beaver was flacking in the river about us all the 
  last night. this Morning I was detained untill 7 A M makeing Paddles and 
  drawing the nails of the Canoe to be left at this place and the one we had 
  before left here. after completing the paddles &c and takeing Some 
  Brackfast I set out the Current I find much Stronger below the forks than 
  above and the river tolerably streight as low as panther Creek when it 
  became much more Crooked the Wind rose and blew hard off the Snowey 
  mountains to the N# W# and renderd it very difficuelt to keep the canoes 
  from running against the Shore at 2 P#M# the Canoe in which I was in was 
  driven by a Suden puff of wind under a log which projected over the water 
  from the bank, and the man in the Stern Howard was Caught in between the 
  Canoe and the log and a little hurt after disingaging our selves from this 
  log the canoe was driven imediately under a drift which projected over and 
  a little abov the Water, here the Canoe was very near turning over we with 
  much exertion after takeing out Some of the baggage hauled her out, and 
  proceeded on without receving any damage. the men in the other Canoes 
  Seeing our Situation landed and come with as much Speed as possible 
  through the briers and thick brush to our assistance. but from the 
  thickness of the brush did not get up to our assistance untill we had got 
  Clear. at 3 P M we halted at the enterance of Fields Creek and dined here 
  Willard and Collins over took us with two deer which they had killd. this 
  morning and by takeing a different Side of an Island from which we Came, 
  we had passed them. after dinner I proceeded on and Encamped a little 
  below our encampmt. of the 31st of July last. the Musquetoes very 
  troublesome this evening Some old buffalow Signs. I killed 4 young gees 
  and Collins killed 2 bever this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1544-1806-07-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 13th July 1806 Set out early this morning and proceded on very well 
  to the enterance of Madicines river at our old Encampment of the 27th July 
  last at 12 where I found Sergt# Pryor and party with the horses, they had 
  arived at this place one hour before us. his party had killed 6 deer & 
  a white bear I had all the horses driven across Madicine & gallitines 
  rivers and halted to dine and let the horses feed imediately below the 
  enterance of Gallitine. had all the baggage of the land party taken out of 
  the Canoes and after dinner the 6 Canoes and the party of 10 men under the 
  direction of Sergt# Ordway Set out. previous to their departur I gave 
  instructions how they were to proceed &c# I also wrote to Capt Lewis 
  by Sergt# Ordway. my party now Consists of the following persons Viz: 
  Serjeant N# Pryor, Jo# Shields, G# Shannon William Bratton, Labiech, 
  Windsor, H# Hall, Gibson, Interpreter Shabono his wife & Child and my 
  man york; with 49 horses and a colt. the horses feet are very sore and 
  Several of them can Scercely proceed on. at 5. P# M I Set out from the 
  head of Missouri at the 3 forks, and proceeded on nearly East 4 miles and 
  Encamped on the bank of Gallitines River which is a butifull navigable 
  Stream. Saw a large Gange of Elk in the plains and Deer in the river 
  bottoms. I also observe beaver and Several otter in galletines river as I 
  passed along. Gibson killed an otter the fur of which was much longer and 
  whiter than any which I had Seen. Willard killed 2 deer this morning. all 
  the meat I had put into the Canoes except a Sufficiency for Supper. The 
  Country in the forks between Gallitins & Madisens rivers is a butifull 
  leavel plain Covered with low grass. on the lower or N E# Side of 
  Gallitins river the Country rises gradually to the foot of a mountain 
  which runs nearly parrelal. those plains are indefferant or the Soil of 
  which is not very rich they are Stoney & Contain Several Stratas of 
  white rock. the Current of the river is rapid and near the mouth contains 
  Several islands, it is navigable for Canoes. I saw Several Antelope Common 
  Deer, wolves, beaver, Otter, Eagles, hawks, Crows, wild gees both old and 
  young, does &c# &c# I observe Several leading roads which appear 
  to pass to a gap of the mountain in a E# N E# direction about 18 or 20 
  miles distant. The indian woman who has been of great Service to me as a 
  pilot through this Country recommends a gap in the mountain more South 
  which I shall cross. . 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1545-1806-07-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 14th July 1806 Sent Sheilds a head to kill a deer for our brackfast 
  and at an early hour Set out with the party Crossed Gallitines river which 
  makes a Considerable bend to the N# E# and proceeded on nearly S# 78° E 
  through an open Leavel plain at 6 miles I Struck the river and crossed a 
  part of it and attemptd to proceed on through the river bottoms which was 
  Several Miles wide at this place, I crossed Several chanels of the river 
  running through the bottom in defferent directions. I proceeded on about 
  two miles crossing those defferent chanels all of which was damed with 
  beaver in Such a manner as to render the passage impracticable and after 
  Swamped as I may Say in this bottom of beaver I was compelled to turn 
  Short about to the right and after Some difficuelty made my way good to an 
  open low but firm plain which was an Island and extended nearly the Course 
  I wished to proceed. here the Squar informed me that there was a large 
  road passing through the upper part of this low plain from Madicins river 
  through the gap which I was Stearing my Course to. I proceeded up this 
  plain 4 miles and Crossed the main Chanel of the river, having passed 
  through a Skirt of cotton timber to an open low plain on the N E# Side of 
  the river and nooned it. the river is divided and on all the small Streams 
  inoumerable quantities of beaver dams, tho the river is yet navagable for 
  Canoes. I overtook Shields Soon after I set out; he had killed a large fat 
  Buck. I saw Elk deer & Antelopes, and great deel of old Signs of 
  buffalow. their roads is in every direction. The Indian woman informs me 
  that a fiew years ago Buffalow was very plenty in those plains & 
  Vallies quit as high as the head of Jeffersons river, but flew of them 
  ever come into those Vallys of late years owing to the Shoshones who are 
  fearfull of passing into the plains West of the mountains and Subsist on 
  what game they Can Catch in the Mountains principally and the fish which 
  they take in the E# fork of Lewis's river. Small parties of the Shoshones 
  do pass over to the plains for a few days at a time and kill buffalow for 
  their Skins and dried meat, and return imediately into the Mountains. 
  after Dinner we proceeded on a little to the South of East through an open 
  leavel plain to the three forks of the E branch of Gallitines River at 
  about 12 miles, crossed the most Southerly of those forks and Struck an 
  old buffalow road which I kept Continuing nearly the Same Course up the 
  middle fork Crossed it and Camped on a small branch of the middle fork on 
  the N E# Side at the commencement of the gap of the mountain ¬ the 
  road leading up this branch, Several other roads all old Come in from the 
  right & left. emence quantities of beaver on this Fork quit down, and 
  their dams very much impeed the navigation of it from the 3 forks down, 
  tho I beleive it practicable for Small Canoes by unloading at a fiew of 
  the worst of those dams. Deer are plenty. Shannon Shields and Sergt# Pryor 
  each killed one which were very fat much more So than they are Commonly at 
  this Season of the year. The Main fork of Galletins River turn South and 
  enter them mountains which are yet Covered with Snow. Madisens river makes 
  a Great bend to the East and enters the Same mountain. a leavel plain 
  between the two rivers below the mountain. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1546-1806-07-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 15th July 1806 we collected our horses and after an early brackft 
  at 8 A M Set out and proceeded up the branch to the head thence over a low 
  gap in the mountain thence across the heads of the N E# branch of the fork 
  of Gallitins river which we Camped near last night passing over a low 
  dividing ridge to the head of a water Course which runs into the 
  Rochejhone, prosueing an old buffalow road which enlargenes by one which 
  joins it from the most Easterly branch of the East fork of Galetins R# 
  proceeding down the branch a little to the N# of East keeping on the North 
  Side of the branch to the River rochejhone at which place I arrived at 2 P 
  M# The Distance from the three forks of the Easterly fork of Galletines 
  river (from whence it may be navigated down with Small Canoes) to the 
  river Rochejhone is 18 miles on an excellent high dry firm road with very 
  incoiderable hills. from this river to the nearest part of the main fork 
  of Gallitine is 29 miles mostly through a leavel plain. from the head of 
  the Missouri at the 3 forks 48 miles through a leavel plain the most of 
  the way as may be seen by the remarks in the evening after the usial delay 
  of 3 hours to give the horses time to feed and rest and allowing our 
  Selves time also to Cook and eate Dinner, I proceeded on down the river on 
  an old buffalow road at the distance of 9 miles below the mountains Shield 
  River discharges itself into the Rochejhone on it's N W# side above a high 
  rocky Clift, this river is 35 yards wide deep and affords a great quantity 
  of water it heads in those Snowey Mountains to the N W with Howards Creek, 
  it contains some Timber Such as Cotton & willow in it's bottoms, and 
  Great numbers of beaver the river also abounds in those animals as far as 
  I have Seen. 
  = 
  passed the creek and over a high rocky hill and encamped in the upper part 
  of a large bottom. The horses feet are very sore many of them Can Scercely 
  proceed on over the Stone and gravel in every other respect they are Sound 
  and in good Sperits. I saw two black bear on the side of the mountains 
  this morning. Several gangs of Elk from 100 to 200 in a gangue on the 
  river, great numbers of Antelopes. one Elk only killed to day. 
  = 
  The Roche passes out of a high rugid mountain covered with Snow. the 
  bottoms are narrow within the mountains but widen from 1/2 a m# to 2 ms# 
  in the Vally below, those bottoms are Subject to over flow, they contain 
  Some tall Cotton wood, and willow rose bushes & rushes Honey suckle 
  &c# a Second bottom on the N E# Side which rises to about 20 feet 
  higher the first & is 1 m# wide this bottom is coars gravel pebils 
  & Sand with Some earth on which the grass grow very Short and at this 
  time is quit dry this 2d bottom over flows in high floods on the opposit 
  Side of the river the plain is much higher and extendes quite to the foot 
  of the mountain. The mountains to the S# S# E on the East side of the 
  river is rocky rugid and on them are great quantities of Snow. a bold Snow 
  mountain which bears East & is imediately at & N W of the 3 forks 
  of the East fork of Gallitins river may be Seen, there is also a high 
  rugid Mtn. on which is Snow bearing North 15 or 20 miles. but fiew flowers 
  to be Seen in those plains. low grass in the high plains, and the Common 
  corse grass, rushes and a species of rye is the growth of the low bottoms. 
  the mountains have Some scattering pine on them, and on the Spurs and hill 
  Sides there is some scrubby pine. I can See no timber Sufficient large for 
  a Canoe which will Carry more than 3 men and Such a one would be too Small 
  to answer my purpose 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1547-1806-07-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 16th July 1806 I gave Labeech promission to proceed on early 
  this morning a head and kill a fat Elk or Buffalow. our horses haveing 
  rambled to a long distance down the river detained us much later than 
  Common. we did not Set out untill 9 A M# we had not proceeded on far 
  before I saw a buffalow & Sent Shannon to kill it this buffalow provd. 
  to be a very fat Bull I had most of the flesh brought on an a part of the 
  Skin to make mockersons for Some of our lame horses. proceeded on down the 
  river without finding any trees Sufficently large for a Canoe about 10 
  miles and halted having passed over to an Island on which there was good 
  food for our horses to let them graze & Dine. I have not Seen Labeech 
  as yet. Saw a large gangue of about 200 Elk and nearly as many Antilope 
  also two white or Grey Bear in the plains, one of them I Chased on horse 
  back about 2 miles to the rugid part of the plain where I was compelled to 
  give up the Chase two of the horses was So lame owing to their feet being 
  worn quit Smooth and to the quick, the hind feet was much the worst I had 
  Mockersons made of green Buffalow Skin and put on their feet which Seams 
  to releve them very much in passing over the Stoney plains. after dinner I 
  proceeded on Soon after I had set Out Labeech joined us with part of a fat 
  Elk which he had killed. I passed over a Stoney point at which place the 
  river runs Close to the high land on the N W# side crossed a small Creek 
  and Encamped on the river a little below its Enterance. Saw emence heards 
  of Elk feeding on the opposit side of the river. I saw a great number of 
  young gees in the river. one of the men brought me a fish of a species I 
  am unacquainted; it was 8 inches long formed like a trout. it's mouth was 
  placed like that of the Sturgeon a red streak passed down each Side from 
  the gills to the tail. The rocks which the high lands are faced with and 
  which may also be seen in perpendicular Straters in the high plains, is a 
  dark freestone. the greater part of this rock is of an excellent grit for 
  Grindstones hard and sharp. observe the Silkgrass Sunflower & Wild 
  indigo all in blume. but fiew other flowers are to be Seen in those 
  plains. The river and Creek bottoms abound in Cotton wood trees, tho none 
  of them Sufficiently large for Canoes. and the current of the Rochejhone 
  is too rapid to depend on Skinn canoes. no other alternetive for me but to 
  proceed on down untill I can find a tree Sufficently large &c# to make 
  a Canoe. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1548-1806-07-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 17th July 1806 The rain of last night wet us all. I had the 
  horses all Collected early and Set out, proceeded ove the point of a ridge 
  and through an open low bottom crossed a large Creek which heads in a high 
  Snow toped Mountain to the N W# imediately opposit to the enterance of the 
  Creek one Something larger falls in from the high Snow mountains to the S 
  W# & South those Creeks I call Rivers across they contain Some timber 
  in their Vallys at the distance of  ¿¿  Miles by water we arive at the 
  enterance of two Small rivers or large Creeks which fall in nearly opposit 
  to each other the one on the N E side is 30 yards wide. I call it Otter 
  River the other Beaver R below the enterance of this Creek I halted as 
  usial to let the Horses graze &c# I saw a Single Pelicon which is the 
  first which I have Seen on this river. after Dinner I proceeded on Down 
  the Rochejhone passing over a low ridge through a Small bottom and on the 
  Side of a Stoney hill for 2 miles and through a Small bottom and again on 
  the Side of a high hill for 11/2 M# to a bottom in which we Incamped 
  opposit a Small Island. The high lands approach the river on either side 
  much nearer than it does above and their Sides are partially covered with 
  low pine & Cedar, none of which are Sufficently large for Canoes, nor 
  have I Seen a Cotton tree in the low bottoms Sufficently large for that 
  purpose. Buffalow is getting much more plenty than they were above. not so 
  many Elk & more deer Shannon killed one deer. I Saw in one of those 
  Small bottoms which I passed this evening an Indian fort which appears to 
  have been built last Summer. this fort was built of logs and bark. the 
  logs was put up very Closely capping on each other about 5 feet and 
  Closely chinked. around which bark was Set up on end so as to Cover the 
  Logs. the enterance was also guarded by a work on each Side of it and 
  faceing the river. this work is about 50 feet Diameter & nearly round. 
  the Squaw informs me that when the war parties find themselves pursued 
  they make those forts to defend themselves in from the pursuers whose 
  Superior numbers might other wise over power them and cut them off without 
  receiveing much injurey on hors back &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1549-1806-07-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 18th July 1806 as we were about Setting out this morning two 
  Buffalow Bulls came near our Camp Several of the men Shot at one of them. 
  their being near the river plunged in and Swam across to the opposit Side 
  and there died. Shabono was thrown from his horse to day in pursute of a 
  Buffaloe, the hose unfortunately Steping into a Braroe hole fell and threw 
  him over his head. he is a good deel brused on his hip Sholder & face. 
  after brackfast I proceeded on as usial, passd# over points of ridges So 
  as to cutoff bends of the river crossed a Small Muddy brook on which I 
  found great quantities of the Purple, yellow & black currents ripe. 
  they were of an excellent flavour. I think the purple Superior to any I 
  have ever tasted. The river here is about 200 yards wide rapid as usial 
  and the water gliding over corse gravel and round Stones of various sizes 
  of an excellent grite for whetestones. the bottoms of the river are 
  narrow. the hills are not exceeding 200 feet in hight the sides of them 
  are generally rocky and composed of rocks of the same texture of a dark 
  Colour of Grit well Calculated for grindstones &c# The high bottoms is 
  composed of gravel and Stone like those in the Chanel of the river, with a 
  mixture of earth of a dark brown colour The Country back from the river on 
  each Side is generally open wavering plains. Some pine is to be Seen in 
  every direction in those plains on the Sides of hills &c# at 11 A#M# I 
  observed a Smoke rise to the S# S# E in the plains towards the termonation 
  of the rocky mountains in that direction (which is Covered with Snow) this 
  Smoke must be raisd. by the Crow Indians in that direction as a Signal for 
  us, or other bands. I think it most probable that they have discovered our 
  trail and takeing us to be Shoshone &c# in Serch of them the Crow 
  Indians to trade as is their Custom, have made this Smoke to Shew where 
  they are ¬ or otherwise takeing us to be their Enemy made this Signal for 
  other bands to be on their guard. I halted in a bottom of fine grass to 
  let the horses graze. 
  = 
  Shields killed a fat Buck on which we all Dined. after dinner and a delay 
  of 3 hours to allow the horses time to feed, we Set out at 4 P#M# I set 
  out and proceeded down the river through a butifull bottom, passing a 
  Indian fort on the head of a Small island near the Lard Shore and Encamped 
  on a Small Island Seperated from the Lard Shore by a very narrow Chanel. 
  Shields killed a Buffalow this evening which Caused me to halt sooner than 
  Common to Save Some of the flesh which was So rank and Strong that we took 
  but very little. Gibson in attempting to mount his horse after Shooting a 
  deer this evening fell and on a Snag and sent it nearly two inches into 
  the Muskeler part of his thy. he informs me this Snag was about 1 inch in 
  diamuter burnt at the end. this is a very bad wound and pains him 
  exceedingly. I dressed the wound. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1550-1806-07-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 19th July 1806. I rose early and dressed Gibsons wound. he Slept 
  but very little last night and complains of great pain in his Knee and hip 
  as well as his thy. there being no timber on this part of the Rochjhone 
  sufficintly large for a Canoe and time is pracious as it is our wish to 
  get to the U States this Season, conclude to take Gibson in a litter if he 
  is not able to ride on down the river untill I can find a tree Sufficently 
  large for my purpose. I had the Strongest and jentlesst Horse Saddled and 
  placed Skins & blankets in Such a manner that when he was put on the 
  horse he felt himself in as easy a position as when lying. this was a 
  fortunate circunstance as he Could go much more at his ease than in a 
  litter. passed Rose bud river on Sd Side I proceeded on about 9 miles, and 
  halted to let the horses graze and let Gibson rest. his leg become So 
  numed from remaining in one position, as to render extreemly painfull to 
  him. I derected Shields to keep through the thick timber and examine for a 
  tree sufficently large & Sound to make a Canoe, and also hunt for Some 
  Wild Ginger for a Poltice for Gibsons wound. he joined me at dinner with 2 
  fat Bucks but found neither tree or Ginger. he informed me that 2 white 
  bear Chased him on horsback, each of which he Shot from his horse &c# 
  Currents are ripe and abundant, i, e, the Yellow, black & purple 
  spcies. we passed over two high points of Land from which I had a View of 
  the rocky Mounts. to the W# & S# S# E# all Covered with Snow. I also 
  Saw a low mountain in an Easterly direction. the high lands is partially 
  Covered with pine and form purpendcular Clifts on either side. afer dinner 
  I proceeded on the high lands become lower on either Side and those of the 
  Stard Side form Bluffs of a darkish yellow earth; the bottom widens to 
  Several Ms# on the Stard Side. the timber which cotton wood principally 
  Scattered on the borders of the river is larger than above. I have Seen 
  Some trees which would make very Small Canoes. Gibsons thy became So 
  painfull that he could not Set on the horse after rideing about 2 hours 
  and a half I directed Sergt Pryor and one man to continue with him under 
  the Shade of a tree for an hour and then proceed on to the place I Should 
  encamp which would be in the first good timber for canoes for the below. 
  It may be proper to observe that the emence Sworms of Grass hoppers have 
  distroyed every Sprig of Grass for maney miles on this Side of the river, 
  and appear to be progressing upwards. about 4 Miles below the place I left 
  Sergt# Pryor with Gibson found some large timber near which the grass was 
  tolerably good I Encamped under a thick grove of those trees which was not 
  Sufficiently large for my purpose, tho two of them would mak small Canoes. 
  I took Shields and proceeded on through a large timbered bottom imediately 
  below in Serch of better trees for Canoes, found Several about the Same 
  Size with those at my Camp. at dark I returned to Camp 
  = 
  Sergt# Pryor had arived with gibson. after my arival at this place the 
  hunters killed Seven Elk, four Deer, and I wounded a Buffalow very badly 
  near the Camp imediately after I arived. in the forepart of the day the 
  hunters killed two deer an Antelope & Shot two Bear. Shabono informed 
  me that he Saw an Indian on the high lands on the opposit Side of the 
  river, in the time I was absent in the woods. I saw a Smoke in the Same 
  direction with that which I had Seen on the 7th inst#. it appeared to be in 
  the Mountains. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1551-1806-07-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 20th July 1806 I directed Sergt# Pryor and Shields each of them 
  good judges of timber to proceed on down the river Six or 8 miles and 
  examine the bottoms if any larger trees than those near which we are 
  encamped can be found and return before twelve oClock. they Set out at 
  daylight. I also Sent Labech Shabono & hall to Skin & some of the 
  flesh of the Elk Labeech had killed last evening they returned with one 
  Skin the wolves haveing eaten the most of the other four Elk. I also Sent 
  two men in Serch of wood Soutable for ax handles. they found some choke 
  cherry which is the best wood which Can be precured in this Country. Saw a 
  Bear on an Island opposit and Several Elk. Sergt# Pryor and Shields 
  returned at half past 11 A M# and informed me that they had proceeded down 
  the timbered bottoms of the river for about 12 miles without finding a 
  tree better than those near my Camp. I deturmined to have two Canoes made 
  out of the largest of those trees and lash them together which will Cause 
  them to be Study and fully Sufficient to take my Small party & Self 
  with what little baggage we have down this river. had handles put in the 3 
  Axes and after Sharpening them with a file fell the two trees which I 
  intended for the two Canoes. those trees appeared tolerably Sound and will 
  make Canoes of 28 feet in length and about 16 or 18 inches deep and from 
  16 to 24 inches wide. the men with the three axes Set in and worked untill 
  dark. Sergt# Pryor dressed Some Skins to make him Clothes. Gibsons wound 
  looks very well. I dressed it. The horses being fatigued and their feet 
  very Sore, I Shall let them rest a fiew days. dureing which time the party 
  intended for to take them by land to the Mandans will dress their Skins 
  and make themselves Clothes to bare, as they are nearly naked. Shields 
  killed a Deer & Buffalow & Shannon a faun and a Buffalow & 
  York an Elk one of the buffalow was good meat. I had the best of him 
  brought in and cut thin and Spread out to dry. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1552-1806-07-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 21st July 1806 This morning I was informed that Half of our horses 
  were absent. Sent out Shannon Bratten, and Shabono to hunt them. Shabono 
  went up the river Shanon down and Bratten in the bottom near Camp, Shabono 
  and Bratten returned at 10 A M and informed me that they Saw no Signs of 
  the horses. Shannon proceeded on down the river about 14 miles and did not 
  return untill late in the evening, he was equally unsuckcessfull. Shannon 
  informed me that he Saw a remarkable large Lodge about 12 miles below, 
  covered with bushes and the top Deckorated with Skins &c and had the 
  appearance of haveing been built about 2 years. I Sent out two men on hors 
  back to kill a fat Cow which they did and returned in 3 hours the men work 
  very diligiently on the Canoes one of them nearly finished ready to put in 
  the water. Gibsons wound is beginning to heal. I am in great hope that it 
  will get well in time for him to accompany Sgt# 
  = 
  Pryor with the horses to the Mandans. This evening late a very black Cloud 
  from the S# E# accompanied with Thunder and lightning with hard winds 
  which Shifted about and was worm and disagreeable. I am apprehensive that 
  the indians have Stolen our horses, and probably those who had made the 
  Smoke a fiew days passed towards the S# W# I deturmined to have the 
  ballance of the horses guarded and for that purpose sent out 3 men, on 
  their approach near the horses were So alarmed that they ran away and 
  entered the woods and the men returned ¬  a Great number of Geese which 
  raise their young on this river passed down frequently Since my arival at 
  this place. we appear to be in the beginning of the buffalow Country. the 
  plains are butifull and leavel but the Soil is but thin Stoney and in 
  maney parts of the plains & bottoms there are great quantity of 
  prickly pears. Saw Several herds of buffalow Since I arived at this Camp 
  also antilops, wolves, pigions, Dovs, Hawks, ravins, Crows, larks, 
  Sparrows, Eagles & bank martins &c# &c# The wolves which are 
  the constant attendants of the Buffalow are in great numbers on the Scerts 
  of those large gangues which are to be Seen in every direction in those 
  praries 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1553-1806-07-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 22nd of July 1806. The wind continued to blow very hard from the 
  N# E# and a little before day light was moderately Cool. I Sent Sergt# 
  Pryor and Shabono in Serch of the horses with directions to proceed up the 
  river as far as the 1st narrows and examine particularly for their tracks, 
  they returned at 3 P M and informed me that they had proceeded up the 
  distance I derected them to go and could See neither horses nor tracks; 
  the Plains imediately out from Camp is So dry and hard that the track of a 
  horse Cannot be Seen without close examination. I therefore derected 
  Sergt# Pryor Shannon Shabono & Bratten to incircle the Camp at Some 
  distance around and find the tracks of the horses and prosue them, they 
  Serched for tracks all the evening without finding which Course the horses 
  had taken, the plains being so remarkably hard and dry as to render it 
  impossible to See a track of a horse passing through the hard parts of 
  them. begin to Suspect that they are taken by the Indians and taken over 
  the hard plains to prevent our following them. my Suspicions is grounded 
  on the improbibility of the horses leaveing the grass and rushes of the 
  river bottoms of which they are very fond, and takeing imediately out into 
  the open dry plains where the grass is but Short and dry. if they had 
  Continued in the bottoms either up or down, their tracks Could be followed 
  very well. I directed Labeech who understands traking very well to Set out 
  early in the morning and find what rout the horses had taken if possible 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1554-1806-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 23rd July 1806. last night the wolves or dogs came into our Camp 
  and eat the most of our dryed meat which was on a scaffold Labeech went 
  out early agreeable to my directions of last evening. Sergt# Pryor and 
  Windser also went out. Sgt# pryor found an Indian Mockerson and a Small 
  piece of a roab, the mockerson worn out on the bottom & yet wet, and 
  have every appearance of haveing been worn but a fiew hours before. those 
  Indian Signs is Conclusive with me that they have taken the 24 horses 
  which we lost on the night of the 10th instant, and that those who were 
  about last night were in Serch of the ballance of our horses which they 
  could not find as they had fortunately got into a Small Prarie Serounded 
  with thick timber in the bottom. Labeech returned haveing taken a great 
  Circle and informed me that he Saw the tracks of the horses makeing off 
  into the open plains and were by the tracks going very fast. The Indians 
  who took the horses bent their course reather down the river. the men 
  finished both Canoes by 12 oClock to day, and I sent them to make Oars 
  & get poles after which I sent Shields and Labeech to kill a fat 
  Buffalow out of a gangue which has been in a fiew miles of us all day. I 
  gave Sergt Pryor his instructions and a letter to Mr# Haney and directed 
  that he G# Shannon & Windser take the remaining horses to the Mandans, 
  where he is to enquire for Mr# H# Heney if at the establishments on the 
  Assinniboin river to take 12 or 14 horses and proceed on to that place and 
  deliver Mr# Heney the letter which is with a view to engage Mr# Heney to 
  provale on some of the best informed and most influential Chiefs of the 
  different bands of Sieoux to accompany us to the Seat of our Government 
  with a view to let them See our population and resourses &c# which I 
  believe is the Surest garentee of Savage fidelity to any nation that of a 
  Governmt. possessing the power of punishing promptly every aggression. 
  Sergt# Pryor is directed to leave the ballance of the horses with the 
  grand Chief of the Mandans untill our arival at his village also to keep a 
  journal of the of his rout courses distances water courss Soil production, 
  & animals to be particularly noted. Shields and Labeech killed three 
  buffalow two of them very fat I had as much of the meat Saved as we could 
  Conveniently Carry. in the evening had the two Canoes put into the water 
  and lashed together ores and everything fixed ready to Set out early in 
  the morning, at which time I have derected Sergt# Pryor to Set out with 
  the horses and proceed on to the enterance of the big horn river at which 
  place the Canoes will meat him and Set him across the Rochejhone below the 
  enterance of that river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1555-1806-07-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Speech for Yellowstone Indians Children. The Great Spirit has given a fair 
  and bright day for us to meet together in his View that he may inspect us 
  in this all we say and do. 
  = 
  Children I take you all by the hand as the children of your Great father 
  the President of the U# States of America who is the great chief of all 
  the white people towards the riseing sun. 
  = 
  Children This Great Chief who is Benevolent, just, wise & bountifull 
  has sent me and one other of his chiefs (who is at this time in the 
  country of the Blackfoot Indians) to all his read children on the 
  Missourei and its waters quite to the great lake of the West where the 
  land ends and the sun sets on the face of the great water, to know their 
  wants and inform him of them on our return. 
  = 
  Children We have been to the great lake of the west and are now on our 
  return to my country. I have seen all my read children quite to that great 
  lake and talked with them, and taken them by the hand in the name of their 
  great father the Great Chief of all the white people. 
  = 
  Children We did not see the  ¿¿  or the nations to the North. I have come 
  across over high mountains and bad road to this river to see the  ¿¿ 
  Natn. I have come down the river from the foot of the great snowey 
  mountain to see you, and have looked in every detection for you, without 
  seeing you untill now 
  = 
  Children I heard from some of your people  ¿¿  nights past by my horses 
  who complained to me of your people haveing taken 24 of their cummerads. 
  = 
  Children The object of my comeing to see you is not to do you injurey but 
  to do you good the Great Chief of all the white people who has more goods 
  at his command than could be piled up in the circle of your camp, wishing 
  that all his read children should be happy has sent me here to know your 
  wants that he may supply them. 
  = 
  Children Your great father the Chief of the white people intends to build 
  a house and fill it with such things as you may want and exchange with you 
  for your skins & furs at a very low price. & has derected me to 
  enquire of you, at what place would be most convenient for to build this 
  house. and what articles you are in want of that he might send them 
  imediately on my return 
  = 
  Children The people in my country is like the grass in your plains 
  noumerous they are also rich and bountifull. and love their read brethren 
  who inhabit the waters of the Missoure 
  = 
  Children I have been out from my country two winters, I am pore necked and 
  nothing to keep of the rain. when I set out from my country I had a plenty 
  but have given it all to my read children whome I have seen on my way to 
  the Great Lake of the West. and have now nothing. 
  = 
  Children Your Great father will be very sorry to here of the  ¿¿  stealing 
  the horses of his Chiefs warrors whome he sent out to do good to his red 
  children on the waters of Missoure. 
  = 
    ¿¿ _ their ears to his good counsels he will shut them and not let any 
  goods & guns be brought to the red people. but to those who open their 
  Ears to his counsels he will send every thing they want into their 
  country. and build a house where they may come to and be supplyed whenever 
  they wish. 
  = 
  Children Your Great father the Chief of all the white people has derected 
  me to inform his red children to be at peace with each other, and the 
  white people who may come into your country under the protection of the 
  Flag of your great father which you. those people who may visit you under 
  the protection of that flag are good people and will do you no harm 
  = 
  Children Your great father has detected me to tell you not to suffer your 
  young and thoughtless men to take the horses or property of your 
  neighbours or the white people, but to trade with them fairly and 
  honestly, as those of his red children below. 
  = 
  Children The red children of your great father who live near him and have 
  opened their ears to his counsels are rich and hapy have plenty of horses 
  cows & Hogs fowls bread &c#&c# live in good houses, and sleep 
  sound. and all those of his red children who inhabit the waters of the 
  Missouri who open their ears to what I say and follow the counsels of 
  their great father the President of the United States, will in a fiew 
  years be as hapy as those mentioned &c# 
  = 
  Children It is the wish of your Great father the Chief of all the white 
  people that some 2 of the principal Chiefs of this  ¿¿  Nation should 
  Visit him at his great city and receive from his own mouth. his good 
  counsels, and from his own hands his abundant gifts, Those of his red 
  children who visit him do not return with empty hands, he send them to 
  their nation loaded with presents 
  = 
  Children If any one two or 3 of your great chiefs wishes to visit your 
  great father and will go with me, he will send you back next Summer loaded 
  with presents and some goods for the nation. You will then see with your 
  own eyes and here with your own years what the white people can do for 
  you. they do not speak with two tongues nor promis what they can't perform 
  = 
  Children Consult together and give me an answer as soon as possible your 
  great father is anxious to here from (& see his red children who wish 
  to visit him) I cannot stay but must proceed on & inform him &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1556-1806-07-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 24th July 1806. had all our baggage put on board of the two Small 
  Canoes which when lashed together is very Study and I am Convinced will 
  the party I intend takeing down with me. at 8 A M# we Set out and 
  proceeded on very well to a riffle about 1 mile above the enterance of 
  Clarks fork or big horn river at this riffle the Small Canoes took in a 
  good deel of water which obliged us to land a little above the enterance 
  of this river which the  ¿¿  has called Clarks fork to dry our articles 
  and bail the Canoes. I also had Buffalow Skin tacked on So as to prevent 
  the waters flacking in between the Two canoes. This last River is 150 
  yards wide at it's Mouth and 100 a Short destance up the water of a light 
  Muddy Colour and much Colder than that of the Rochejhone a Small Island is 
  Situated imediately in its mouth, the direction of this river is South and 
  East of that part of the rocky mountains which Can be seen from its 
  enterance and which Seem to termonate in that direction. I thought 
  it probable that this might be the big horn river, and as the Rochejhone 
  appeared to make a great bend to the N# I deturmined to Set the horses 
  across on S# Side. one Chanel of the river passes under a high black bluff 
  from one mile below the place we built the Canoes to within 3 miles of the 
  enterance of Clarks fork when the bottoms widen on each side those on the 
  Stard Side from 1/2 to a mile in width. river much divided by Islands. at 
  6 ms# below the fork I halted on a large Island Seperated from the Stard# 
  Shore by a narrow Channel, on this This being a good place to Cross the 
  river I deturmined to wait for Sergt# pryor and put him across the river 
  at this place. on this Island I observd a large lodge the Same which 
  Shannon informed me of a fiew days past. this Lodge a council lodge, it is 
  of a Conocil form 60 feet diamuter at its base built of 20 poles each pole 
  21/2 feet in Secumpheranc and 45 feet Long built in the form of a lodge 
  & covered with bushes. in this Lodge I observed a Cedar bush Sticking 
  up on the opposit side of the lodge fronting the dore, on one side was a 
  Buffalow head, and on the other Several Sticks bent and Stuck in the 
  ground. a Stuffed Buffalow skin was Suspended from the Center with the 
  back down. the top of those poles were deckerated with feathers of the 
  Eagle & Calumet Eagle also Several Curious pieces of wood bent in 
  Circleler form with sticks across them in form of a Griddle hung on tops 
  of the lodge poles others in form of a large Sturrip. This Lodge was 
  errected last Summer. It is Situated in the Center of a butifull Island 
  thinly Covered with Cotton wood under which the earth which is rich is 
  Covered with wild rye and a Species of grass resembling the bluegrass, and 
  a mixture of Sweet grass which the Indian plat and ware around their necks 
  for its cent which is of a Strong sent like that of the Vinella after 
  Dinner I proceeded on passed the enterance of a Small Creek and Some wood 
  on the Stard# Side where I met with Sergt# Pryor, Shannon & Windser 
  with the horses they had but just arived at that place. Sergt# Pryor 
  informed me that it would be impossible for the two men with him to drive 
  on the horses after him without tireing all the good ones in pursute of 
  the more indifferent to keep them on the Course. that in passing every 
  gangue of buffalow Several of which he had met with, the loos horses as 
  Soon as they Saw the Buffalow would imediately pursue them and run around 
  them. All those that Speed suffient would head the buffalow and those of 
  less Speed would pursue on as fast as they Could. he at length found that 
  the only practiacable method would be for one of them to proceed on and 
  when ever they Saw a gang of Buffalow to Scear them off before the horses 
  got up. This disposition in the horses is no doubt owing to their being 
  frequently exercised in chasing different animals by their former owners 
  the Indians as it is their Custom to chase every Speces of wild animal 
  with horses, for which purpose they train all their horses. I had the 
  horses drove across the river and Set Sergt# Pryor and his party across. 
  H# Hall who cannot Swim expressed a Wiliness to proceed on with Sergt# 
  Pryor by land, and as another man was necessary to assist in driveing on 
  the horses, but observed he was necked, I gave him one of my two remaining 
  Shirts a par of Leather Legins and 3 pr# of mockersons which equipt him 
  Completely and Sent him on with the party by land to the Mandans. I 
  proceeded on the river much better than above the enterance of the Clarks 
  fork deep and the Current regularly rapid from 2 to 300 yards in width 
  where it is all together, much divided by islands maney of which are large 
  and well Supplyed with Cotton wood trees, Some of them large, Saw emenc 
  number of Deer Elk and buffalow on the banks. Some beaver. I landed on the 
  Lard Side walked out into the bottom and Killd the fatest Buck I every 
  Saw, Shields killed a deer and my man York killed a Buffalow Bull, as he 
  informed me for his tongue and marrow bones. for me to mention or give an 
  estimate of the differant Spcies of wild animals on this river 
  particularly Buffalow, Elk Antelopes & Wolves would be increditable. I 
  shall therefore be silent on the Subject further. So it is we have a great 
  abundance of the best of meat. we made 70 ms# to day Current rapid and 
  much divided by islands. Campd a little below Pryers river of 35 yds# on S 
  E# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1557-1806-07-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 25th July 1806. We Set out at Sunrise and proceeded on very well 
  for three hours. Saw a large gange of Buffalow on the Lard Bank. I 
  concluded to halt and kill a fat one, dureing which time Some brackfast 
  was ordered to be Cooked. we killed 2 Buffalow and took as much of their 
  flesh as I wished. Shields killed two fat deer and after a delay of one 
  hour and a half we again proceeded on. and had not proceeded far before a 
  heavy shower of rain pored down upon us, and the wind blew hard from the S 
  W# the wind increased and the rain continued to fall. I halted on the 
  Stard# Side had Some logs set up on end close together and Covered with 
  deerskins to keep off the rain, and a large fire made to dry ourselves. 
  = 
  the rain continued moderately untill near twelve oClock when it Cleared 
  away and become fair. the wind Contined high untill 2 P M# I proceeded on 
  after the rain lay a little and at 4 P M arived at a remarkable rock 
  Situated in an extensive bottom on the Stard# Side of the river & 250 
  paces from it. this rock I ascended and from it's top had a most extensive 
  view in every direction. This rock which I shall Call Pompy's Tower is 200 
  feet high and 400 paces in secumphrance and only axcessable on one Side 
  which is from the N# E the other parts of it being a perpendicular Clift 
  of lightish Coloured gritty rock on the top there is a tolerable Soil of 
  about 5 or 6 feet thick Covered with Short grass. The Indians have made 2 
  piles of Stone on the top of this Tower. The nativs have ingraved on the 
  face of this rock the figures of animals &c# near which I marked my 
  name and the day of the month & year. From the top of this Tower I 
  Could discover two low Mountains & the Rocky Mts. covered with Snow S 
  W# one of them appeard to be extencive and bore S# 15° E# about 40 miles. 
  the other I take to be what the indians Call the Little wolf Mtn. I can 
  only see the Southern extremity of it which bears N 55° W about 35 Miles. 
  The plains to the South rise from the distance of about 6 miles the width 
  of the bottom gradually to the mountains in that derection. a large Creek 
  with an extencive Vally the direction of which is S# 25° E# meanders 
  boutifully through this plain. a range of high land Covered with pine 
  appears to run in a N# & S# direction approaching the river below. on 
  the Northerly Side of the river high romantic Clifts approach &jut 
  over the water for Some distance both above and below. a large Brooks 
  which at this time has Some running muddy water falls in to the Rochejhone 
  imediately opposit Pompys Tower. back from the river for Some distance on 
  that Side the hills are ruged & some pine back the plains are open and 
  extensive. after Satisfying my Self Sufficiently in this delightfull 
  prospect of the extensive Country around, and the emence herds of 
  Buffalow, Elk and wolves in which it abounded, I decended and proceeded on 
  a fiew miles, Saw a gang of about 40 Big horn animals fired at them and 
  killed 2 on the Sides of the rocks which we did not get. I directed the 
  Canoes to land, and I walked up through a crevis in the rocks almost 
  inaxcessiable and killed 2 of those animals one a large doe and the other 
  a yearlin Buck. I wished very much to kill a large buck, had there been 
  one with the gang I Should have killd. him. dureing the time the men were 
  getting the two big horns which I had killed to the river I employed my 
  Self in getting pieces of the rib of a fish which was Semented within the 
  face of the rock this rib is about 3 inchs in Secumpherance about the 
  middle it is 3 feet in length tho a part of the end appears to have been 
  broken off I have Several peces of this rib the bone is neither decayed 
  nor petrified but very rotten. the part which I could not get out may be 
  Seen, it is about 6 or 7 Miles below Pompys Tower in the face of the Lard# 
  Clift about 20 feet above the water. after getting the big horn on board 
  &c I proceeded on a Short distance and encamped, an earlyer than I 
  intended on accout of a heavy cloud which was comeing up from the S# S W# 
  and Some appearance of a Violent wind. I walked out and killed a Small 
  Buck for his Skin which the party are in want of for Clothes. about Sunset 
  the wind blew hard from the W# and Some little rain. I encamped on the 
  Stard# Side imediately below the enteranc Shannons River about 22 Yards 
  wide, and at this time discharges a great portion of water which is very 
  Muddy. emence herds of Buffalow about our as it is now running time with 
  those animals the bulls keep Such a grunting nois which is very loud and 
  disagreeable Sound that we are compelled to Scear them away before we can 
  Sleep. the men fire Several Shot at them and Scear them away. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1558-1806-07-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 26th July 1806. Set out this morning very early proceeded on 
  Passed Creeks very well. the Current of the river reagulilarly Swift much 
  divided by Stoney islands and bars also handsome Islands Covered with 
  Cotton wood the bottoms extensive on the Stard# Side on the Lard# the 
  Clifts of high land border the river, those clifts are composed of a 
  whitish rock of an excellent grit for Grindstones. The Country back on 
  each Side is wavering lands with Scattering pine. passed 2 Small Brooks on 
  the Stard# Side and two large ones on the Lard# Side. I shot a Buck from 
  the Canoe and killed one other on a Small Island. and late in the evening 
  passed a part of the river which was rock under the Lard# Clifts 
  fortunately for us we found an excellent Chanel to pass down on the right 
  of a Stony Island half a mile below this bad place, we arived at the 
  enterance of Big Horn River on the Stard# Side here I landed imediately in 
  the point which is a Sof mud mixed with the Sand and Subject to overflow 
  for Some distance back in between the two rivers. I walked up the big horn 
  1/2 a mile and crossed over to the lower Side, and formed a Camp on a high 
  point. I with one of my men Labeech walked up the N E Side of Big horn 
  river 7 miles to th enterance of a Creek which falls in on the N E# Side 
  and is 28 yds wide Some running water which is very muddy this Creek I 
  call Muddy Creek Some fiew miles above this Creek the river bent around to 
  the East of South. The Courses as I assended it as follows Viz: 
  = 
  The bottoms of the Big Horn river are extencive and Covered with timber 
  principally Cotton. it's Current is regularly Swift, like the Missouri, it 
  washes away its banks on one Side while it forms extensive Sand bars on 
  the other. Contains much less portion of large gravel than the R# 
  Rochjhone and its water more mudy and of a brownish colour, while that of 
  the rochejhone is of a lightish Colour. the width of those two rivers are 
  very nearly the Same imediately at their enterances the river Rochejhone 
  much the deepest and contain most water. I measured the debth of the 
  bighorn quit across a 1/2 a mile above its junction and found it from 5 to 
  7 feet only while that of the River is in the deepest part 10 or 12 feet 
  water on the lower Side of the bighorn is extencive boutifull and leavil 
  bottom thinly covered with Cotton wood under which there grows great 
  quantities of rose bushes. I am informed by the Menetarres Indians and 
  others that this River takes its rise in the Rocky mountains with the 
  heads of the river plate and at no great distance from the river 
  Rochejhone and passes between the Coat Nor or Black Mountains and the most 
  Easterly range of Rocky Mountains. it is very long and Contains a great 
  perpotion of timber on which there is a variety of wild animals, 
  perticularly the big horn which are to be found in great numbers on this 
  river. Buffalow, Elk, Deer and Antelopes are plenty and the river is Said 
  to abound in beaver. it is inhabited by a great number of roveing Indians 
  of the Crow Nation, the paunch Nation and the Castahanas all of those 
  nations who are Subdivided rove and prosue the Buffalow of which they make 
  their principal food, their Skins together with those of the Big horn and 
  Antilope Serve them for Clothes. This river is Said to be navagable a long 
  way for perogus without falls and waters a fine rich open Country. it is 
  200 yds water & 1/4 of a Me# wd# I returned to Camp a little after 
  dark, haveing killed one deer, finding my Self fatigued went to bead 
  without my Supper. Shields killed 2 Bull & 3 Elk. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1559-1806-07-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 27th July 1806 I marked my name with red paint on a Cotton tree 
  near my Camp, and Set out at an early hour and proceeded on very well the 
  river is much wider from 4 to 600 yards much divided by Islands and Sand 
  bars, passed a large dry Creek at 15 miles and halted at the enterance of 
  River 50 yards wide on the Lard Side I call R# Labeech killed 4 Buffalow 
  and Saved as much of their flesh as we could Carry took brackfast. The 
  Buffalow and Elk is estonishingly noumerous on the banks of the river on 
  each Side, particularly the Elk which lay on almost every point in large 
  gang and are So jintle that we frequently pass within 20 or 30 paces of 
  them without their being the least alarmd. the buffalow are Generally at a 
  greater distance from the river, and keep a continueing bellowing in every 
  direction, much more beaver Sign than above the bighorn. I Saw Several of 
  those animals on the bank to day. the antilopes are Scerce as also the 
  bighorns and the deer by no means So plenty as they were near the Rocky 
  mountains. when we pass the Big horn I take my leave of the view of the 
  tremendious chain of Rocky Mountains white with Snow in view of which I 
  have been Since the 1st of May last. 
  = 
  about Sunset I Shot a very large fat buck elk from the Canoe near which I 
  encamped, and was near being bit by a rattle Snake. Shields killed a Deer 
  & a antilope to day for the Skins which the party is in want of for 
  Clothes. this river below the big horn river resembles the Missouri in 
  almost every perticular except that it's islands are more noumerous & 
  Current more rapid, it's banks are generally low and falling in the 
  bottoms on the Stard# Side low and exteneive and Covered with timber near 
  the river such as Cotton wood willow of the different Species rose bushes 
  and Grapevines together with the red berry or Buffalow Grees bushes & 
  a species of shoemake with dark brown back of those bottoms the Country 
  rises gradually to about 100 feet and has Some pine. back is leavel 
  plains. on the Lard Side the river runs under the clifts and Bluffs of 
  high which is from 70 to 150 feet in hight and near the river is Some 
  Scattering low pine back the plains become leavel and extencive. the 
  Clifts are Composed of a light gritty Stone which is not very hard. and 
  the round stone which is mixed with the Sand and formes bars is much 
  Smaller than they appeared from above the bighorn, and may here be termed 
  Gravel. the Colour of the water is a yellowish white and less muddy than 
  the Missouri below the mouth of this river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1560-1806-07-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 28th July 1806. Set out this morning at day light and proceeded on 
  glideing down this Smooth Stream passing maney Isld# and Several Creeks 
  and brooks at 6 miles passed a Creek or brook of 80 yards wide on the N W# 
  Side Containing but little water. 6 miles lower passed a small Creek 20 
  yds wide on the Stard Side 18 Miles lower passed a large dry creek on the 
  Lard Side 5 Miles lower passed a river 70 yards wide Containing but little 
  water on the Lard Side which I call Table Creek from the tops of Several 
  mounds in the Plains to the N W# resembling a table. four miles Still 
  lower I arived at the enterance of a river 100 yards wide back of a Small 
  island on the South Side. it contains Some Cotton wood timber and has a 
  bold Current, it's water like those of all other Streams which I have 
  passed in the Canoes are muddy. I take this river to be the one the 
  Indians Call the Little Big Horn river. The Clifts on the South Side of 
  the Rochejhone are Generally compd. of a yellowish Gritty Soft rock, 
  whilest those of the N# is light Coloured and much harder in the evening I 
  passd# Straters of Coal in the banks on either Side those on the Stard# 
  Bluffs was about 30 feet above the water and in 2 vanes from 4 to 8 feet 
  thick, in a horozontal position. the Coal Contained in the Lard Bluffs is 
  in Several vaines of different hights and thickness. this Coal or 
  Carbonated wood is like that of the Missouri of an inferior quallity. 
  passed a large Creek on the Stard# Side between the 1st and 2nd Coal 
  Bluffs passed Several Brooks the chanel of them were wide and contained 
  but little running water, and encamped on the upper point of a Small 
  island opposit the enterance of a Creek 25 Yards wide on the Stard# Side 
  with water. 
  = 
  The Elk on the banks of the river were So abundant that we have not been 
  out of Sight of them to day. J Shields killed 2 deer & Labeech killed 
  an Antilope to day. the antilopes and deer are not Abundant. Beaver plenty 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1561-1806-07-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 29th July 1806 a Slight rain last night with hard thunder and 
  Sharp lightening accompanied with a violent N# E# wind. I Set out early 
  this morning wind So hard a head that w made but little way. in the fore 
  part of the day, I saw great numbers of Buffalow on the banks. the country 
  on either Side is like that of yesterday. passed three large dry Brooks on 
  the Stard# Side and four on the Lard Side. great quantities of Coal in all 
  the hills I passed this day. late in the evening I arived at the enterance 
  of a River which I take to be the Lazeka or Tongue River it discharges 
  itself on the Stard# Side and is 150 yards wide of water the banks are 
  much wider. I intended to encamp on an eligable Spot imediately below this 
  river, but finding that its water So muddy and worm as to render it very 
  disagreeable to drink, I crossed the rochejhone and encamped on an island 
  close to the Lard# Shore. The water of this river is nearly milk worm very 
  muddy and of a lightish brown Colour. the Current rapid and the Chanel 
  Contains great numbers of Snags. near its enterance there is great 
  quantities of wood Such as is common in the low bottoms of the Rochejhone 
  and Missouri. tho I believe that the Country back thro which this river 
  passes is an open one where the water is exposed to the Sun which heats it 
  in its passage. it is Shallow and throws out great quantities of mud and 
  Some cors gravel. below this river and on the Stard Side at a fiew Miles 
  from the Rochejhone the hills are high and ruged Containing Coal in great 
  quantities. Beaver is very plenty on this part of the Rochejhone. The 
  river widens I think it may be generally Calculated at from 500" yards to 
  half a mile in width more Sand and gravelly Bars than above. cought 3 cat 
  fish. they wer Small and fat. also a Soft Shell turtle. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1562-1806-07-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 30th July 1806 Set out early this morning at 12 miles arived at the 
  Commencement of Shoals the Chanel on the Stard Side near a high bluff. 
  passed a Succession of those Shoals for 6 miles the lower of which was 
  quit across the river and appeared to have a decent of about 3 feet. here 
  we were Compeled to let the Canoes down by hand for fear of their 
  Strikeing a rock under water and Splitting. This is by far the wost place 
  which I have Seen on this river from the Rocky mountains to this place a 
  distance of 694 miles by water. a Perogu or large Canoe would with Safty 
  pass through the worst of those Shoals, which I call the Buffalow Sholes 
  from the Circumstance of one of those animals being in them. the rock 
  which passes the river at those Sholes appear hard and gritty of a dark 
  brown Colour. the Clifts on the Stard# Side is about 100 feet in hight, on 
  the Lard Side the Country is low and the bottom rises gradually back. here 
  is the first appearance of Birnt hills which I have Seen on this river 
  they are at a distance from the river on the Lard Side. I landed at the 
  enterance of a dry Creek on the Lard side below the Shoals and took 
  brackfast. Those Dry Rivers, Creeks &c are like those of the Missouri 
  which take their rise in and are the Conveyance of the water from those 
  plains. they have the appearanc of dischargeing emence torrents of water. 
  the late rains which has fallen in the plains raised Sudenly those Brooks 
  which receive the water of those plains on which those Suden & heavy 
  Showers of rain must have fallen, Several of which I have Seen 
  dischargeing those waters, whiles those below heading or takeing their 
  rise in the Same neighbourhood, as I passed them appears to have latterly 
  been high. those Broods discharge emencely of mud also, which Contributes 
  much to the muddiness of the river. after Brackfast proceeded on the river 
  much narrower than above from 3 to 400 yards wide only and only a fiew 
  scattering trees to be Seen on the banks. at 20 miles below the Buffalow 
  Shoals passed a rapid which is by no means dangerous, it has a number of 
  large rocks in different parts of the river which Causes high waves a very 
  good Chanel on the Lard# Side. this rapid I call Bear rapid from the 
  Circumstance of a bears being on a rock in the Middle of this rapid when I 
  arived at it. a violent Storm from the N# W# obliged us to land imediately 
  below this rapid, draw up the Canoes and take Shelter in an old Indian 
  Lodge above the enterance of a river which is nearly dry it has laterly 
  been very high and Spread over nearly 1/4 a mile in width. its Chanel is 
  88 yards and in this there is not more water than could pass through an 
  inch auger hole. I call it Yorks dry R# after the rain and wind passed 
  over I proceeded on at 7 Miles passed the enterance of a river the water 
  of which is 100 yds wide, the bead of this river nearly 1/4 of a mile this 
  river is Shallow and the water very muddy and of the Colour of the banks a 
  darkish brown. I observe great quantities of red Stone thrown out of this 
  river that from the appearance of the hills at a distance on its lower 
  Side induced me to call this red Stone river. as the water was 
  disagreeably muddy I could not Camp on that Side below its mouth. however 
  I landed at its enteranc and Sent out and killed two fat Cows, and took as 
  much of the flesh as the Canoes would conveniently Carry and Crossed the 
  river and encamped at the enterance of a Brook on the Lard# Side under a 
  large Spredding Cotton tree. The river on which we passed to day is not So 
  wide as above containing but fiew islands with a Small quantity of Cotton 
  timber. no timber of any kind to be Seen on the high lands on either Side. 
  = 
  In the evening below the enterance of redstone river I observed great 
  numbers of Buffalow feeding on the plains, elk on the points and 
  antilopes. I also Saw Some of the Bighorn animals at a distance on the 
  hills. Gibson is now able to walk, he walked out this evening and killed 
  an antilope. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1563-1806-07-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  July 31, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 31st of July 1806 I was much disturbed last night by the noise of 
  the buffalow which were about me. one gang Swam the river near our Camp 
  which alarmed me a little for fear of their Crossing our Canoes and 
  Splitting them to pieces. Set out as usial about Sun rise passed a rapid 
  which I call wolf rapid from the Circumstance of one of those animals 
  being at the rapid. here the river approaches the high mountanious Country 
  on the N W# Side those hills appear to be composed of various Coloured 
  earth and Coal without much rock I observe Several Conical mounds which 
  appear to have been burnt. this high Country is washed into Curious formed 
  mounds & hills and is cut much with reveens. the Country again opens 
  and at the distance of 23 miles below the Redston or War~har~sah River I 
  landed in the enterance of a Small river on the Stard# Side 40 yards wid 
  Shallow and muddy. it has lately been very high. haveing passed the 
  Enterance of a River on the Lard Side 100 yards wide which has running 
  water this river I take to be the one the Menetarries Call little wolf or 
  Sa~a~shah River The high Country is entirely bar of timber. great 
  quantities of Coal or carbonated wood is to be seen in every Bluff and in 
  the high hills at a distance on each Side. Saw more Buffalow and Elk and 
  antilopes this evening than usial. 18 Miles below the last river on the 
  Stard# Side, I passed one 60 yards wide which had running water. this 
  Stream I call oak~tar~pon~er or Coal River has very steep banks on each 
  side of it. passed Several large Brooks Some of them had a little running 
  water, also Several Islands Some high black looking Bluffs and encamped on 
  the Stard# Side on a low point. the country like that of yesterday is open 
  extencive plains. as I was about landing this evening Saw a white bear and 
  the largest I ever Saw eating a dead buffalow on a Sand bar. we fired two 
  Shot into him, he Swam to the main Shore and walked down the bank. I 
  landed and fired 2 more Shot into this tremendious animal without killing 
  him. night comeing on we Could not pursue him he bled profusely. Showers 
  all this day 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1564-1806-08-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 1st of August 1806. We Set out early as usial the wind was high and 
  ahead which caused the water to be a little rough and delayed us very much 
  aded to this we had Showers of rain repeetedly all day at the intermition 
  of only a fiew minits between them. My Situation a very disagreeable one. 
  in an open Canoe wet and without a possibility of keeping my Self dry. the 
  Country through which we passed is in every respect like that through 
  which I passed yesterday. The brooks have all Some water in them from the 
  rains which has fallen. this water is excessively muddy. Several of those 
  brooks have Some trees on their borders as far as I can See up them. I 
  observe Some low pine an cedar on the Sides of the rugid hills on the 
  Stard# Side, and Some ash timber in the high bottoms. the river has more 
  Sand bars today than usial, and more Soft mud. the current less rapid. at 
  2 P#M# I was obliged to land to let the Buffalow Cross over. not 
  withstanding an island of half a mile in width over which this gangue of 
  Buffalow had to pass and the Chanel of the river on each Side nearly 1/4 
  of a mile in width, this gangue of Buffalow was entirely across and as 
  thick as they could Swim. the Chanel on the Side of the island the went 
  into the river was crouded with those animals for 1/2 an hour. the other 
  Side of the island for more than 3/4 of an hour. I took 4 of the men and 
  killed 4 fat Cows for their fat and what portion of their flesh the Small 
  Canoes Could Carry that which we had killed a few days ago being nearly 
  Spoiled from the wet weather. encamped on an Island Close to the Lard 
  Shore two gangues of Buffalow Crossed a little below us, as noumerous as 
  the first. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1565-1806-08-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday August 2nd 1806. Musquetors very troublesom this morning I Set out 
  early river wide and very much divided by islands and Sand and Mud bars. 
  the bottoms more extencive and contain more timber Such as Cotton wood ash 
  willow &c# The Country on the N W# Side rises to a low plain and 
  extends leavel for great extent. Some high rugid hills in the forepart of 
  this day on the S E# Side on which I saw the big horns but could not get 
  near them. Saw emence numbers of Elk Buffalow and wolves to day. the 
  wolves do catch the elk. I saw 2 wolves in pursute of doe Elk which I 
  beleive they Cought they very near her when She entered a Small wood in 
  which I expect they cought her as She did not pass out of the small wood 
  during my remaining in view of it which was 15 or 20 minits &c# passed 
  the enterance of Several brooks on each Side, a Small river 30 yds wide 
  with Steep banks on the Stard# Side, which I call Ibex River the river in 
  this days decent is less rapid crouded with Islds and muddy bars and is 
  generally about one mile in wedth. as the islands and bars frequently hide 
  the enterance of Brooks &c# from me as I pass'd maney of them I have 
  not noticed. about 8 A# M this morning a Bear of the large vicious Species 
  being on a Sand bar raised himself up on his hind feet and looked at us as 
  we passed down near the middle of the river. he plunged into the water and 
  Swam towards us, either from a disposition to attack't or from the Cent of 
  the meat which was in the Canoes. we Shot him with three balls and he 
  returned to Shore badly wounded. in the evening I saw a very large Bear 
  take the water above us. I ordered the boat to land on the opposit Side 
  with a view to attack't him when he Came within Shot of the Shore. when 
  the bear was in a fiew paces of the Shore I Shot it in the head. the men 
  hauled her on Shore and proved to be an old Shee which was so old that her 
  tuskes had worn Smooth, and Much the largest feemale bear I ever Saw. 
  after taking off her Skin, I proceeded on and encampd a little above the 
  enterance of Jo# Feilds Creek on Stard# Side in a high bottom Covered with 
  low Ash and elm. the Musquetors excessively troublesom. 
  = 
  I have noticed a great preportion Buck Elks on this lower part of the 
  river, and but very few above. those above which are emencely noumerous 
  are feemales Generally. Shields killed a Deer this morning dureing the 
  time we were at Brackfast. we were very near being detained by the 
  Buffalow today which were Crossing the river we got through the line 
  between 2 gangues. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1566-1806-08-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tueday August 3rd,1806. last night the Musquetors was so troublesom that 
  no one of the party Slept half the night. for my part I did not Sleep one 
  hour. those tormenting insects found their way into My beare and tormented 
  me the whole night. they are not less noumerous or troublesom this 
  morning. at 2 miles passed the enterance of Jo# Field's Creek 35 yds wide 
  imediately above a high bluff which is falling into the river very fast. 
  on the Side of this bluff I saw Some of the Mountain Bighorn animals. I 
  assended the hill below the Bluff. the Musquetors were So noumerous that I 
  could not Shute with any Certainty and therefore Soon returned to the 
  Canoes. I had not proceeded far before I saw a large gangue of ewes & 
  yearlins & fawns or lambs of the bighorn, and at a distance alone I 
  saw a ram. landed and Sent Labeech to kill the ram, which he did kill and 
  brought him on board. this ram is not near as large as maney I have Seen. 
  however he is Sufficiently large for a Sample I directed Bratten to Skin 
  him with his head horns & feet to the Skin and Save all the bone. I 
  have now the Skin & bone of a Ram a Ewe & a yearlin ram of those 
  big Horn animals. at 8. A#M# I arived at the junction of the Rochejhone 
  with the Missouri, and formed my Camp imediately in the point between the 
  two river at which place the party had all encamped the 26th of 
  April ¬ 1805. at landing I observed Several Elk feeding on the young willows 
  in the point among which was a large Buck Elk which I shot & had his 
  flesh dryed in the Sun for a Store down the river. had the Canoes unloaded 
  and every article exposed to dry & Sun. Maney of our things were wet, 
  and nearly all the Store of meat which had been killed above Spoiled. I 
  ordered it to be thrown into the river. Several Skins are also Spoiled 
  which is a loss, as they are our principal dependance for Clothes to last 
  us to our homes &c# 
  = 
  The distance from the Rocky Mountains at which place I struck the River 
  Rochejhone to its enterance into the Missouri 837 Miles 636 Miles of this 
  distance I decended in 2 Small Canoes lashed together in which I had the 
  following Persons. John Shields, George Gibson, William Bratten, W# 
  Labeech, Toust. Shabono his wife & child & my man York. The 
  Rochejhone or Yellow Stone river is large and navagable with but fiew 
  obstructions quite into the rocky mountains. and probably near it's 
  source. The Country through which it passes from those Mounts. to its 
  junction is Generaly fertile rich open plains the upper portion of which 
  is roleing and the high hills and hill Sides are partially covered with 
  pine and Stoney. The middle portion or from the enterance of Clarks Fork 
  as low as the Buffalow Shoals the high lands Contain Some Scattering pine 
  on the Lard# Side. on the Stard# or S# E# Side is Some hills thickly 
  Supplied with pine. The lower portion of the river but fiew pines are to 
  be Seen the Country opens into extencive plains river widens and Contains 
  more islands and bars; of corse gravel sand and Mud. The Current of this 
  river may be estimated at 4 Miles and 1/2 pr# hour from the Rocky Mts. as 
  low as Clarks Fork, at 31/2 Miles pr# hour from thence as low as the 
  Bighorn, at 3 ¬ Miles pr# hour from thence as low as the Tongue river, 
  at 23/4 Miles pr# hour from thence as low as Wolf rapid and at 21/2 miles 
  pr# hour from thence to its enterance into the Missouri 
  = 
  The Colour of the Water differs from that of the Missouri it being of a 
  yellowish brown, whilst that of the Missouri is of a deep drab Colour 
  containing a greater portion of mud than the Rochejhone. This delighfull 
  river from indian information has it's extreem sources with the North 
  river in the Rocky mountains on the confines of New Mexico. it also most 
  probably has it's westerly sources connected with the Multnomah and those 
  the main Southerly branch of Lewis's river while it's Easterly branches 
  head with those of Clark's R# the bighorn and River Platte and may be said 
  to water the middle portion of the Rocky Mountains from N W to S# E# for 
  several hundred miles. the indians inform us, that a good road passes up 
  this river to it's extreem source from whence it is buta short distance to 
  the Spanish settlements. there is also a considerable fall on this river 
  within the mountains but at what distance from it's source we never could 
  learn like all other branches of the Missouri which penetrate the Rocky 
  Mountains all that portion of it lying within those mountains abound in 
  fine beaver and Otter, it's streams also which issuing from the rocky 
  mountain and discharging themselves above Clark's fork inclusive also 
  furnish an abundance of beaver and Otter and possess considerable portions 
  of small timber in their values. to an establishment on this river at 
  clarks Fork the Shoshones both within and West of the Rocky Mountains 
  would willingly resort for the purposes of trade as they would in a great 
  measure be relived from the fear of being attacked by their enimies the 
  blackfoot Indians and Minnetares of fort de Prarie, which would most 
  probably happen were they to visit any establishment which could be 
  conveniently formed on the Missouri. I have no doubt but the same regard 
  to personal safety would also induce many numerous nations inhabiting the 
  Columbia and Lewis's river West of the mountains to visit this 
  establishment in preference to that at the entrance of Maria's river, 
  particularly during the first years of those Western establishments. the 
  Crow Indians, Paunch Indians Castahanah's and others East of the mountains 
  and south of this place would also visit this establishment; it may 
  therefore be looked to as one of the most important establishments of the 
  western fur trade. at the entrance of Clark's fork there is a sufficiency 
  of timber to support an establishment, an advantage that no position 
  possesses from thence to the Rocky Mountains. The banks of the yellowstone 
  river a bold not very high yet are not subject to be overflown, except for 
  a few miles immediately below where the river issues from the mountain. 
  the bed of this river is almost entirely composed of loose pebble, nor is 
  it's bed interrupted by chains of rock except in one place and that even 
  furnishes no considerable obstruction to it's navigation. as you decend 
  with the river from the mountain the pebble becomes smaller and the 
  quantity of mud increased untill you reah Tongue river where the pebble 
  ceases and the sand then increases and predominates near it's mouth. This 
  river can be navigated to greater advantage in perogues than any other 
  craft yet it possesses suficient debth of water for battauxs even to the 
  mountains; nor is there any of those moving sand bars so formidable to the 
  navigation of many parts of the Missouri. The Bighorn R and Clark's fork 
  may be navigated a considerable distance in perogues and canoes. Tongue 
  river is also navigable for canoes a considerable distance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1567-1806-08-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 4th August 1806 Musquetors excessively troublesom So much So 
  that the men complained that they could not work at their Skins for those 
  troublesom insects. and I find it entirely impossible to hunt in the 
  bottoms, those insects being So noumerous and tormenting as to render it 
  imposseable for a man to continue in the timbered lands and our best 
  retreat from those insects is on the Sand bars in the river and even those 
  Situations are only clear of them when the Wind Should happen to blow 
  which it did to day for a fiew hours in the middle of the day. the 
  evenings nights and mornings they are almost indureable perticelarly by 
  the party with me who have no Bears to keep them off at night, and nothing 
  to Screen them but their blankets which are worn and have maney holes. The 
  torments of those Missquetors and the want of a Sufficety of Buffalow meat 
  to dry, those animals not to be found in this neighbourhood induce me to 
  deturmine to proceed on to a more eliagiable Spot on the Missouri below at 
  which place the Musquetors will be less troublesom and Buffalow more 
  plenty. (I will here obseve that Elk is Abundant but their flesh & fat 
  is hard to dry in the Sun, and when dry is much easirSpoiled than either 
  the Buffalow or Deer) I ordered the Canoes to be reloaded with our baggage 
  & dryed meat which had been Saved on the Rochejhone together with the 
  Elk killed at this place. wrote a note to Capt Lewis informing him of my 
  intentions and tied it to a pole which I had Stuck up in the point. At 5 
  P# M Set out and proceeded on down to the 2d point which appeared to be an 
  eligable Situation for my purpose killed a porcupine on this point the 
  Musquetors were So abundant that we were tormented much worst than at the 
  point. The Child of Shabono has been So much bitten by the Musquetor that 
  his face is much puffed up & Swelled. I encamped on this extensive 
  Sand bar which is on the N W# Side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1568-1806-08-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 5th August 1806. The Musquetors was So troublesom to the men last 
  night that they Slept but very little. indeed they were excessive 
  troublesom to me. my Musquetor Bear has a number of Small holes worn 
  through they pass in. I Set out at an early hour intending to proceed to 
  Some other Situation. I had not proceded on far before I Saw a ram of the 
  big horn Animal near the top of a Lard# Bluff I assended the hill with a 
  view to kill the ram. the Misquetors was So noumerous that I could not 
  keep them off my gun long enough to take Sight and by thair means missed. 
  at 10 a.m. the wind rose with a gentle breeze from the N# W# which in Some 
  measure thinned the Misquetors. I landed on a Sand bar from the South 
  Point intending to form a Camp at this place and Continue untill Capt 
  Lewis Should arive. and killed two Buck Elks and a Deer the best of their 
  flesh & fat I had Saved. had all the dryed meat & fat put out to 
  Sun and continued at this place untill late in the evening finding that 
  there were no buffalow or fresh Sign I deturmined to proceed on 
  accordingly Set out at 4 P# M and proceeded on but a fiew miles eeir I saw 
  a Bear of the white Species walking on a Sand bear. I with one man went on 
  the Sand bear and killed the Bear which proved to be a feemale very large 
  and fat. much the fattest animale we have killed on the rout as this bear 
  had got into the river before we killed her I had her toed across to the 
  South Side under a high Bluff where formed a Camp, had the bear Skined and 
  fleaced. our Situation was exposed to a light breeze of wind which 
  continued all the forepart of the night from the S W# and blew away the 
  misquetors. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1569-1806-08-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 6th August 1806 I rose very wet. about 11 P M last night the wind 
  become very hard for a fiew minits Suckceeded by Sharp lightning and hard 
  Claps of Thunder and rained for about 2 hours very hard after which it 
  continued Cloudy the balance of the night. as we were about Setting out a 
  female Big horn animal came on the bluff imediately above us and looked 
  down. I derected Labeech to Shoot it which he did, after Skinning this 
  animal we Set out and proceeded on to a Sand bar on the S W# Side below 
  the enterance of White earth river where I landed and had the meat Skins 
  and bedding all put out to dry. wind hard from the N W# I halted on the N 
  W# Side of this river in the bend above the white earth river, where I saw 
  where the Indians had been digging a root which they eate and use in Seup, 
  not more than 7 or 8 days past. This morning a very large Bear of white 
  Specis, discovered us floating in the water and takeing us, as I prosume 
  to be Buffalow imediately plunged into the river and prosued us. I 
  directed the men to be Still. this animal Came within about 40 yards of 
  us, and tacked about. we all fired into him without killing him, and the 
  wind So high that we could not pursue him, by which means he made his 
  escape to the Shore badly wounded. I have observed buffalow floating down 
  which I suppose must have been drounded in Crossing above. more or less of 
  those animals drown or mire in passing this river. I observed Several 
  floating buffalow on the R# Rochejhone imediately below where large 
  gangues had Crossed. The wind blew hard all the after part of the day. I 
  derected the men to dress their Skins except one which I took with me and 
  walkd. through the bottom to the foot of the hills I killed five deer and 
  the man with me killed 2. four others were killed in the Course of the day 
  by the party only 2 of those deer were fat owing as I suppose to the 
  Musquetors which are So noumerous and troublesom to them that they Cannot 
  feed except under the torments of millions of those Musquetors. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1570-1806-08-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 7th August 1806 Some hard rain this morning after daylight which 
  wet us all. I formed a Sort of Camped and delayed untill 11 a.m. when it 
  Stoped raining for a short time. I directed every thing put on board and 
  proceeded on down. the rain Continued at intervales all day tho not hard 
  in the evenig Saw a Bear on the bank but Could not get a Shoot at it. at 6 
  P M I landed on a Sand bar on the South Side and Campd# Soon after we 
  landed the wind blew very hard for about 2 hours, when it lulled a little. 
  the air was exceedingly Clear and Cold and not a misquetor to be Seen, 
  which is a joyfull circumstance to the Party. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1571-1806-08-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 8th August 1806 A cool windey morning I derected Shields and Gibson 
  to turn out and hunt this morning. at 8 A#M# Sergt# N# Pryor Shannon, hall 
  & Windsor Came down the river in two Canoes made of Buffalow Skins. 
  Sergt# Pryor informed me that the Second night after he parted with me on 
  the river Rochejhone he arived about 4 P M on the banks of a large Creek 
  which contained no running water. he halted to let the horses graze 
  dureing which time a heavy Shower of rain raised the Creek so high that 
  Several horses which had Stragled across the Chanel of this Creek was 
  obliged to Swim back. here he deturmined to Continue all night it being in 
  good food for the horses. In the morning he could See no horses. in lookg 
  about their Camp they discovered Several tracks within 100 paces of their 
  Camp, which they pursued found where they had Caught and drove off all the 
  horses. they prosued on five miles the Indians there divided into two 
  parties. they Continued in pursute of the largest party five miles further 
  finding that there was not the Smallest Chance of overtakeing them, they 
  returned to their Camp and packed up their baggage on their backs and 
  Steared a N# E# course to the River Rochejhone which they Struck at pompys 
  Tower, there they killed a Buffalow Bull and made a Canoe in the form and 
  shape of the mandans & Ricares (the form of a bason) and made in the 
  following manner. Viz: 2 Sticks of 11/4 inch diameter is tied together So 
  as to form a round hoop of the Size you wish the canoe, or as large as the 
  Skin will allow to cover, two of those hoops are made one for the top or 
  brim and the for the bottom the deabth you wish the Canoe, then Sticks of 
  the Same Size are Crossed at right angles and fastened with a throng to 
  each hoop and also where each Stick Crosses each other. then the Skin when 
  green is drawn tight over this fraim and fastened with throngs to the brim 
  or outer hoop So as to form a perfect bason. one of those Canoes will 
  carry 6 or 8 Men and their loads. Those two Canoes are nearly the Same 
  Size 7 feet 3 inches diamieter & 16 inchs deep 15 ribs or Cross Sticks 
  in each. Sergt# Pryor informs me that the Cause of his building two Canoes 
  was for fear of ones meating with Some accedent in passing down the 
  rochejhone a river entirely unknown to either of them by which means they 
  might loose their guns and amunition and be left entirely destitute of the 
  means of precureing food. he informed me that they passed through the 
  worst parts of the rapids & Shoals in the river without takeing a drop 
  of water, and waves raised from the hardest winds dose not effect them. on 
  the night of the 26th ulto# the night after the horses had been stolen a 
  Wolf bit Sergt# Pryor through his hand when asleep, and this animal was So 
  vicious as to make an attempt to Seize Windsor, when Shannon fortunately 
  Shot him. Sergt# Pryers hand has nearly recovered. The Country through 
  which St# Pryor Passed after he parted with me is a broken open Country. 
  he passed one Small river which I have Called Pryors river which rises in 
  a Mtn. to the South of Pompys tower. The note I left on a pole at the 
  Mouth of the River Rochejhone Sergt# Pryor concluding that Capt# Lewis had 
  passed took the note and brought it with him. Capt# Lewis I expect will be 
  certain of my passing by the Sign which I have made and the encampment 
  imediately in the point. Sergt# Pryor bing anxious to overtake me Set out 
  Some time before day this morning and forgot his Saddlebags which contains 
  his papers &c# I Sent Bratten back with him in Serch of them. I also 
  Sent Shannon over to hunt the bottom on the opposit Side. Shields and 
  Gibson returned at 10 A#M# with the Skins and part of the flesh of three 
  deer which they had killed in this bottom. I derected them to take one of 
  the Skin Canoes and proceed down to the next bottom and untill my arival 
  which will be this evening if Sergt# Pryor returns in time. My object is 
  to precure as many Skins as possible for the purpose of purchaseing Corn 
  and Beans of the Mandans. as we have now no article of Merchindize nor 
  horses to purchase with, our only resort is S kins which those people were 
  very fond the winter we were Stationed near them. after dark Sergt# Pryor 
  returned with his Saddlebeggs &c# they were much further up than he 
  expected. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1572-1806-08-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 9th August 1806 a heavy dew this morning. loaded the Canoes and 
  proceeded on down about 6 miles and landed at the Camp of the 2 hunters 
  Shields and Gibson whome I had Sent down to hunt last evening, they had 
  killed five deer two of which were in good order which they brought in. 
  here I took brackfast and proceeded on a fiew miles and I walked on Shore 
  across a point of near 10 miles in extent in this bottom which was mostly 
  open I saw Some fiew deer and Elk. I killed 3 of the deer which were 
  Meagure the Elk appeared fat. I did not kill any of them as the distance 
  to the river was too great for the men to Carry the meat at the lower part 
  of this bottom a large Creek of runnig water 25 yds wide falls in which 
  meanders through an open roleing plain of great extent. in the low bottoms 
  of this Creek I observed Some timber Such as Cottonwood, ash & Elm. on 
  my arival at the lower part of the bottom found that the canoes had been 
  in waiting for me nearly two hours. The Squar brought me a large and well 
  flavoured Goose berry of a rich Crimsin Colour, and deep purple berry of 
  the large Cherry of the Current Speces which is common on this river as 
  low as the Mandans, the engagees Call it the Indian Current. I landed 
  opposit to a high plain on the S# E# Side late in the evening and walked 
  in a Grove of timber where I met with an Elk which I killed. this Elk was 
  the largest Buck I ever Saw and the fattest animal which have been killed 
  on the rout. I had the flesh and fat of this Elk brought to Camp and cut 
  thin ready to dry. the hunters killed nothing this evening. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1573-1806-08-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 10th August 1806 had the flesh of the elk hung on poles to dry, 
  and Sent out the the hunters. wind blew hard from the East all day. in the 
  after part of the day it was cloudy & a fiew drops of rain. I finished 
  a Copy of my Sketches of the River Rochejhone. Shields killed a black tail 
  deer & an antilope. the other hunters killed nothing. deer are very 
  Scerce on this part of the river. I found a Species of Cherry in the 
  bottom the Srub or bush which are differant from any which I have ever 
  Seen and not very abundant even in this Small tract of country to which it 
  Seems to be confined. the Stem is compound erect and subdivided or 
  branching without any regular order. it rises to the hight of 8 or 10 feet 
  Seldom putting out more than one Stem from the Same root not growing in 
  cops as the Choke Cherry does. the bark is Smooth and of a dark brown 
  colour. the leaf is petialate, oval accutely pointed at it's apex, from 1 
  and a 1/4 to one and a 1/2 inch in length and from a half to 3/4 of an 
  inch in wedth, finely or manutely Serrate, pale green and free from 
  bubessance. The fruit is a globular berry about the Size of a buck Shot of 
  a fine Scarlet red; like the cherries cultivated in the U# States each is 
  supported by a Seperate Celindric flexable branch peduncle which issues 
  from the extremities of the boughs. the peduncle of this cherry Swells as 
  it approaches the fruit being largest at the point of insertion. the pulp 
  of this fruit is of an agreeable ascid flavour and is now ripe. the Style 
  and Stigma are permanent. I have never Seen it in blume. it is found on 
  the high Stiff lands or hill Sides. the men dug great parcel of the root 
  which the Nativs call Hankee and the engagees the white apple which they 
  boiled and made use of with their meat. This is a large insipid root and 
  very tasteless. the nativs use this root after it is dry and pounded in 
  their Seup. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1574-1806-08-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 11th August 1806 I set out early this morning. at 10 A#M# landed 
  on a Sand bar and brackfast dureing brackfast and my delay at this place 
  which was 2 hours had the Elk meat exposed to the Sun. at Meridian I set 
  out and had not proceeded more than 2 miles before I observed a Canoe near 
  the Shore. I derected the Canoes to land here I found two men from the 
  illinoies Jos. Dixon, and  ¿¿  Handcock those men are on a trapping 
  expedition up the River Rochejhone. They inform me that they left the 
  Illinois in the Summer 1804. the last winter they Spent with the Tetons in 
  Company with a Mr# Coartong who brought up goods to trade The tetons robed 
  him of the greater part of the goods and wounded this Dixon in the leg 
  with a hard wad. The Tetons gave Mr# Coartong Some fiew robes for the 
  articles they took from him. Those men further informed me that they met 
  the Boat and party we Sent down from Fort Mandan near the Kanzas river on 
  board of which was a Chief of the Ricaras, that he met the Yankton Chiefs 
  with Mr# Deurion, McClellen & Several other traders on their way down. 
  that the Mandans and Menitarrais wer at war with the Ricaras and had 
  killed two of the latter. the Assinniboins were also at war with the 
  Mandans &c and had prohibited the N W# traders from Comeing to the 
  Missouri to trade. they have latterly killed one Trader near the Mous 
  River and are now in wait for Mr# McKenzey one of the Clerks who have been 
  for a long time with Menetarias. Those dificulties if true will I fear be 
  a bar to our expectations of having the Mandan Minetarra & Ricara 
  Chief to acompany us to the U# States. Tho we Shall endeaver to bring abot 
  a peace between Mandans Mennetaries & Ricaras and provail on Some of 
  their Cheifs to accompany us to the U# States. proceeded on to a point on 
  the S W Side nearly opposit the enterance of Goat pen creek and encamped 
  found the Musquetors excessively troublesom. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1575-1806-08-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 12th August 1806 I set out early this morning and had not 
  proceeded on far before Shannon discovered he had lost his Tomahk. I 
  derected him to land his Skin Canoe and go back to our Camp of last night 
  in Serch of it, and proceeded on my self with the two wood and one Skin 
  Canoe to a large hottom on the N# E Side above the head of Jins island and 
  landed to take brackfast as well as to delay untill Shannon & Gibson 
  Should arive. Sent out Shields & Labiech to hunt deer in the bottom, 
  at 2 P m# Shannon and gibson arived having found the tomahawk at our camp 
  they killed 3 Elk &c# one of the Canoes of Buffalow Skin by accident 
  got a hole peirced in her of about 6 inches diamuter. I derected two of 
  the men to patch the Canoe with a piece of Elk skin over the hole, which 
  they did and it proved all Sufficient, after which the Canoe did not leak 
  one drop. The two hunters returned without haveing killed any thing. at 
  meridian Capt Lewis hove in Sight with the party which went by way of the 
  Missouri as well as that which accompanied him from Travellers rest on 
  Clarks river; I was alarmed on the landing of the Canoes to be informed 
  that Capt# Lewis was wounded by an accident. I found him lying in the 
  Perogue, he informed me that his wound was slight and would be well in 20 
  or 30 days this information relieved me very much. I examined the wound 
  and found it a very bad flesh wound the ball had passed through the 
  fleshey part of his left thy below the hip bone and cut the cheek of the 
  right buttock for 3 inches in length and the debth of the ball. Capt L# 
  informed me the accident happened the day before by one of the men Peter 
  Crusat misstakeig him in the thick bushes to be an Elk. Capt Lewis with 
  this Crusat and Several other men were out in the bottom Shooting of Elk, 
  and had Scattered in a thick part of the woods in pursute of the Elk. 
  Crusat Seeing Capt L# passing through the bushes and takeing him to be an 
  Elk from the Colour of his Cloathes which were of leather and very nearly 
  that of the Elk fired and unfortunately the ball passed through the thy as 
  aforesaid. Capt Lewis thinking it indians who had Shot him hobbled to the 
  canoes as fast as possible and was followered by Crusat, the mistake was 
  then discovered. This Crusat is near Sighted and has the use of but one 
  eye, he is an attentive industerous man and one whome we both have placed 
  the greatest Confidence in dureing the whole rout. After Capt# Lewis 
  and my Self parted at Travellers rest, he with the Indians proceeded down 
  the West Side of Clarks river Seven miles and crossed on rafts 2 miles 
  below the East fork 120 yards wide, after Crossing the river he proceeded 
  up the North Side of the east fork and encampd. here the Indians left him 
  and proceeded down Clarks river in Serch of the Tushepaws. an Indian man 
  Came up with Cap L# from the W# of the mountains and proceeded on with 
  those who had accompanied us. Capt# L# proceeded up the E# fork of Clarks 
  river 17 ms# to the enterance of Cokahlarishkit river or the river to 
  buffalow, he proceeded up on the North Side of this river which is 60 
  yards wide crossing Several Small Streams and the N# fork, and passing 
  over part of the dividing mountain onto the waters of Deabourns river in 
  the plains and in a Derection to the N# extremity of Easte range of rocky 
  mountains which pass the Missouri at the pine Island Rapid. from thence he 
  bore his Course to the N E untill he Struck Meadcin river near where that 
  river Enters the rocky Mts. and proceeded down Medicine river to the 
  Missouri at the white bear Islands at the upper part of the portage. this 
  rout is a very good one tho not the most derect rout, the most derect rout 
  would be to proceed up the Missouri above Dearborns river and take a right 
  hand road & fall on a South branch of the Cokatlarishkit R# and 
  proceed down that river to the main road but the best rout would be from 
  the falls of the Missouri by fort mountain and passing the N# extremity of 
  that range of the Rocky Mountains which pass the Missouri at the pine 
  Island rapid Course nearly S# W# and to the gap through which the great 
  road passeds the dividing mountain the distance from the falls to this gap 
  about 45 miles through a tolerable leavel plain on an old indian road. and 
  the distance from thence to Clarks river is 105 miles. The total distance 
  from the falls of the Missouri to Clarks river is only 150 miles of a 
  tolerable road ¬ Capt L# arived at the white Bear Islands and encampd. 
  on the West Side of the Missouri and in the morning he discovered that the 
  Indians had taken of Seven of his best horses, drewyer prosued the indians 
  two day's on the rout towards Clarks river. he Saw their camp on Dearborns 
  river near the road on which Capt# Lewis & party Come on a by place 
  where they had left only one or two day at this encampment he Saw great 
  appearanc of horses ¬ on the return of Drewyer Capt L# took Drewyer 
  & the 2 fieldses & proceeded on his intended rout up Marias river 
  leaving Sergt# Gass, Thompson, Frazier, Werner, McNeal & Goodrich at 
  the portage to prepare Geer and repar the wheels & Carrage against the 
  arival of the Canoes and he also left 4 horses for the purpose of hauling 
  the Canoes across. The Canoes arrived on the 16th, and on the 26th they 
  had all except one across, the Plains becom So muddy from the emence rains 
  which had fallen, that they Could not get her over the portage. on the 
  28th they joined Capt Lewis at the Grog Spring a fiew miles above the 
  enterance of Marias river From the Falls of Missouri Capt# L# proceeded on 
  with Drewyer & the 2 fieldses Courss 
  = 
  On the 26th of July Capt Lewis Set out on his return to the enterance of 
  Marias river to meet with the party with, the Canoes from the falls. his 
  course was through the plains 
  = 
  S# E# 5 Miles ¬ passing a Small Creek from the mts 
  = 
  S# 70° E# 9 Miles to a principal branch of Marias River 65 yards wide not 
  very deep at 7 mile. this last branch is Shallow and rapid about the Size 
  of the former from the S W# both of those Streams Contain a great 
  preportion of timber ¬ here we find the 3 Specis of Cotton before 
  mentioned 
  = 
  N 80° E# 4 miles down Marias river and met with 8 Indians of the Blackfoot 
  nation with about 30 horses, those Indians professed friendship and Set 
  out with him and encamped together the night of the 26th of July, thy 
  informed him that there was two large bands of their nation in that 
  quarter one of which would be at the enterance of Marias river in a fiew 
  days. they also informed that a french Trader was with one of those bands, 
  that they traded with the white people on the Suskashwen River at 6 easy 
  days march or about 150 miles distant from whome they precured Guns Powder 
  Lead blankets &c# in exchange for wolf and beaver Skins. Capt Lewis 
  gave them a Flag Meadel & Handkerchief Capt# L# informed those Indians 
  where he was from & where he had been and his objects & friendly 
  views &c# of which they appeared to be well Satisfied. 
  = 
   "on the morning of the 27th at day light the indians got up and crouded 
  around the fire, Jo# Field who was on post had carelessly laid his gun 
  down behind him near where his brother was Sleeping. one of the Indians 
  Slipd. behind him and took his gun and that of his brother unperceived by 
  him, at the Same instant two others advanced and Seized the guns of 
  Drewyer and Capt Lewis who were yet asleep. Jo# Fields Seeing this turned 
  about to take his gun and Saw the fellow running off with his and his 
  brothers, he called to his brother who instantly jumped up and prosued the 
  indian with him whome they overtook at the distance of 50 or 60 paces 
  Siezed their guns and rested them from him and R# Field as he Seized his 
  gun Stabed the indian to the heart with his knif who fell dead; (this Cap 
  L# did not know untill Some time after.) drewyer who awoke at the first 
  alarm jumped up and Seized & rested his gun from the indian &c# 
  Capt L# awoke and asked what was the matter Seeing Drewyer in a Scuffle 
  for his gun he turned to get his gun and found her gorn, he drew a pistol 
  from his holsters and prosued the Indian whom he Saw in possession of his 
  gun making off he presented the pistol and the indian lay down the gun. 
  the two Fields Came up and drew up to Shoot the Indian which Capt L# 
  forbid the indians then attempted to drive off all the horses. Capt L# 
  derected the men to fire on them if they attempted to drive off the 
  horses, and prosued two fellows who Continued to drive of his horses he 
  Shot the indian who had taken his gun and then in possession of his horse 
  through the belly, he fell and raised on his elbow and fired at Capt L# 
  the other made his escape into a nitch out of Sight with his bow and 
  arrows and as Capt L# guns was empty and he without his Shot pouch he 
  returnd. to the Camp where the 2 fields and Drewyer joind him having 
  prosued the indians across the river the were now in possession of the 
  most of their own as well as the indian horses and a gun Several bows 
  & arrows and all the indians baggage the gun & Some feathers and 
  flag they took and burnt all the other articles. and Saddled up a many of 
  the best horses as they wished with Some Spear horses, and Set out for to 
  intersept the party at Marias river and proceded on a little to the S# of 
  East 112 Miles to the Missouri at the Grog Spring. here they met with 
  Canoes and party decending joined them leaving their horses on the river 
  bank, and proceeded on to the enterance of Marias river opened the 
  deposits, found Several articles damaged. 3 Beaver traps could not be 
  found, the red perogue unfit for Service, from thenc they proceeded 
  without delay to the River Rochejhone See cources of Capt Lewis rout in 
  next book." 
  = 
  at 2 P#M# Shannon & Gibson arived in the Skin Canoe with the Skins and 
  the greater part of the flesh of 3 Elk which they had killed a fiew miles 
  above. the two men Dixon & Handcock the two men we had met above came 
  down intending to proceed on down with us to the Manclans. at 3 P M we 
  proceded on all together having left the 2 leather Canoes on the bank. a 
  little below the enterance of (Jos) Shabonos Creek we Came too on a large 
  Sand point from the S# E# Side and Encamped. the wind blew very hard from 
  the S W# and Some rain. I washed Capt L# wound which has become Sore and 
  Somewhat painfull to him. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1576-1806-08-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 13th August 1806 the last night was very Cold with a Stiff breeze 
  from the N# W# all hands were on board and we Set out at Sunrize and 
  proceeded on very well with a Stiff breeze astern the greater part of the 
  day. passed the enterance of the Little Missouri river at 8 A#M# and 
  arived at the Enterance of Myry river at Sun Set and encamped on the N E 
  Side haveing came by the assistance of the wind, the Current and our oars 
  86 miles. below the little bason I with Drewyer walked through the N# E 
  point. we Saw an Elk and Several deer. Drewyer wounded the Elk but could 
  not get him. I joined the perogus & party again in the bend below and 
  proceeded on. Some indians were Seen in a Skin Canoe below, they were 
  decending from an old Camp of theirs on the S# W# Side, those I Suppose to 
  be Some of the Minetaras who had been up on a hunting expedition, one 
  Canoe was left at their Camp. we had not proceeded far before I discovered 
  two indians on a high hill. nothing very remarkable took place. the 
  Misquetors are not So troublesom this evening as they have been. the air 
  is cool &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1577-1806-08-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 14th August 1806 Set out at Sunrise and proceeded on. when we 
  were opposit the Minetares Grand Village we Saw a number of the Nativs 
  viewing of we derected the Blunderbuses fired Several times, Soon after we 
  Came too at a Croud of the nativs on the bank opposit the Village of the 
  Shoe Indians or Mah~har~ha's at which place I saw the principal Chief of 
  the Little Village of the Menitarre & the principal Chief of the 
  Mah~har~has. those people were extreamly pleased to See us. the Chief of 
  the little Village of the Menetarias cried most imoderately, I enquired 
  the Cause and was informed it was for the loss of his Son who had been 
  killed latterly by the Blackfoot Indians. after a delay of a fiew minits I 
  proceeded on to the black Cats Village on the N# E# Side of the Missouri 
  where I intended to Encamp but the Sand blew in Such a manner that we 
  deturmined not to continu on that Side but return to the Side we had left. 
  here we were visited by all the inhabitants of this village who appeared 
  equally as well pleased to See us as those above. I walked up to the Black 
  Cats village & eate some Simnins with him, and Smoked a pipe this 
  Village I discovered had been rebuilt Since I left it and much Smaller 
  than it was; on enquirey into the Cause was informed that a quarrel had 
  taken place and Lodges had removed to the opposd Side. I had Soon as I 
  landed despatched Shabono to the Minetarras inviting the Chiefs to visit 
  us, & Drewyer down to the lower Village of the Mandans to ask Mr# 
  Jessomme to Come and enterpret for us. Mr# Jessomme arived and I spoke to 
  the chiefs of the Village informing them that we Spoke to them as we had 
  done when we were with them last and we now repeeted our envitation to the 
  principal Chiefs of all the Villages to accompany us and to the U States 
  &c# &c# the Black Cat Chief of the Mandans, Spoke and informed me 
  that he wished to Visit the United States and his Great Father but was 
  afraid of the Scioux who were yet at war with them and had killed Several 
  of their men Since we had left them, and were on the river below and would 
  Certainly kill him if he attempted to go dow.i. I indeavered to do away 
  with his objections by informig him that we would not Suffer those indians 
  to hurt any of our red Children who Should think proper to accompany us, 
  and on their return they would be equally protected, and their presents 
  which would be very liberal, with themselves, Conveyed to their own 
  Country at the expence of the U# States &c# &c# The chief promised 
  us Some corn tomorrow. after the Council I directed the Canoes to cross 
  the river to a brook opposit where we Should be under the wind and in a 
  plain where we would be Clear of musquetors & after Crossing the Chief 
  of the Mah har has told me if I would Send with him he would let me have 
  some corn. I directed Sergt Gass & 2 men to accompany him to his 
  Village, they Soon returned loaded with Corn. the Chief and his wife also 
  came down. I gave his wife a fiew Needles &c# ¬ The Great Chif of 
  all the Menitarres the one eye Came to Camp also Several other Chiefs of 
  the different Villages. I assembled all the Chiefs on a leavel Spot on the 
  band and Spoke to them & see next book. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1578-1806-08-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday August 15th 1806 Continued Mandans Vilg after assembling the 
  Chiefs and Smokeing one pipe, I informed them that I Still Spoke the Same 
  words which we had Spoken to them when we first arived in their Country in 
  the fall of 1804. we then envited them to visit their great father the 
  president of the U# States and to hear his own Councils and receive his 
  Gifts from his own hands as also See the population of a government which 
  Can at their pleasure protect and Secur you from all your enimies, and 
  chastize all those who will Shut their years to his Councils. we now offer 
  to take you at the expense of our Government and Send you back to your 
  Country again with a considerable present in merchendize which you will 
  recive of your great Father. I urged the necessity of their going on with 
  us as it would be the means of hastening those Supples of Merchindize 
  which would be Sent to their Country and exchanged as before mentioned for 
  a moderate price in Pelteries and furs &c# the great Chief of the 
  Menetaras Spoke, he Said he wished to go down and See his great father 
  very much, but that the Scioux were in the road and would most certainly 
  kill him or any others who Should go down they were bad people and would 
  not listen to any thing which was told them. when he Saw us last we told 
  him that we had made peace with all the nations below, Since that time the 
  Seioux had killed 8 of their people and Stole a number of their horses. he 
  Said that he had opened his ears and followed our Councils, he had made 
  peace with the Chyennes and rocky mountains indians, and repieted the same 
  objecctions as mentioned. that he went to war against none and was willing 
  to receive all nations as friends. he Said that the Ricaras had Stolen 
  from his people a number of horses at different times and his people had 
  killed 2 Ricaras. if the Sieoux were at peace with them and Could be 
  depended on he as also other Chiefs of the villages would be glad to go 
  and See their great father, but as they were all afraid of the Sieoux they 
  Should not go down &c# 
  = 
  The Black Cat Chief of the Mandans Village on the North Side of the 
  Missouri Sent over and requested me to go over to his village which 
  envertation I axceptd and crossed over to his village. he had a parcel of 
  Corn about 12 bushuls in a pile in his lodge. he told me that his people 
  had but little corn part of which they had given me. after takeing a Smoke 
  he informed me that as the Sieoux were very troublesom and the road to his 
  great father dangerous none of this village would go down with us. I told 
  the Cheifs and wariers of the village who were there present that we were 
  anxious that Some of the village Should go and See their great father and 
  hear his good words & recve his bountifull gifts &c# and told them 
  to pitch on Some Man on which they could rely on and Send him to See their 
  Great father, they made the Same objections which the Chief had done 
  before. a young man offered to go down, and they all agreeed for him to go 
  down the charector of this young man I knew as a bad one and made an 
  objection as to his age and Chareckter at this time Gibson who was with me 
  informed me that this young man had Stole his knife and had it then in his 
  possession, this I informed the Chief and directed him to give up the 
  knife he delivered the knife with a very faint apology for his haveing it 
  in his possession. I then reproached those people for wishing to Send Such 
  a man to See and hear the words of So great a man as their great father; 
  they hung their heads and Said nothing for Some time when the Cheif Spoke 
  and Said that they were afraid to Send any one for fear of their being 
  killed by the Sieux. after Smoking a pipe and relateing Some passages I 
  recrossed to our Camp. being informed by one of our enterpreters that the 
  2d Chief of the Mandans Comonly Called the little Crow intended to 
  accompany us down, I took Charbono and walked to the Village to See this 
  Chief and talk with him on the Subject. he told me he had deturmined to go 
  down, but wished to have a council first with his people which would be in 
  the after part of the day. I smoked a pipe with the little Crow and 
  returned to the boat. Colter one of our men expressed a desire to join 
  Some trappers who offered to become Shearers with and furnish traps &c# 
  the offer a very advantagious one, to him, his Services Could be dispenced 
  with from this down and as we were disposed to be of Service to any one of 
  our party who had performed their duty as well as Colter had done, we 
  agreed to allow him the prvilage provided no one of the party would ask or 
  expect a Similar permission to which they all agreeed that they wished 
  Colter every Suckcess and that as we did not wish any of them to Seperate 
  untill we Should arive at St# Louis they would not apply or expect it 
  &c# The Maharha Chief brought us Some Corn, as did also the Chief of 
  the little village of the Menetarras on mules of which they have Several. 
  The evening is Cool and windy. great number of the nativs of the different 
  villages Came to view us and exchange robes with our men for their Skins ¬ we 
  gave Jo Colter Some Small articles which we did not want and Some powder 
  & lead. the party also gave him Several articles which will be usefull 
  to him on his expedittion. This evening Charbono informed me that 
  our back was scercely turned before a war party from the two menetarry 
  villages followed on and attacked and killed the Snake Indians whome we 
  had Seen and in the engagement between them and the Snake indians they had 
  lost two men one of which was the Son of the principal Chief of the little 
  village of the menitarras. that they had also went to war from the 
  Menetarras and killed two Ricaras. he further informed me that a 
  missunderstanding had taken place between the Mandans & minetarras and 
  had verry nearly come to blows about a woman, the Menitarres at length 
  presented a pipe and a reconsilliation took place between them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1579-1806-08-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 16th August 1806 a cool morning. Sent up Sergt# Pryor to the mandan 
  village, for Some Corn which they offered to give us. he informed that 
  they had more Corn collected for us than our Canoes Could Carry Six load 
  of which he brought down. I thanked the Chief for his kindness and 
  informed him that our Canoes would not Carry any more Corn than we had 
  already brought down. at 10 A# M the Chiefs of the different villages came 
  to See us and Smoke a pipe &c# as our Swivel Could no longer be 
  Serveceable to us as it could not be fireed on board the largest Perogue, 
  we Concluded to make a present of it to the Great Chief of the Menetaras 
  (the One Eye) with a view to ingratiate him more Strongly in our favour I 
  had the Swivel Charged and Collected the Chiefs in a circle around it and 
  adressed them with great ceremoney. told them I had listened with much 
  attention to what the One Eye had Said yesterday and beleived that he was 
  Sincere & Spoke from his heart. I reproached them very Severely for 
  not attending to what had been Said to them by us in Council in the fall 
  of 1804 and at different times in the winter of 1804 & 5, and told 
  them our backs were Scercely turned befor a party followed and killed the 
  pore defenceless snake indians whom we had taken by the hand & told 
  them not to be afraid that you would never Strike them again &c# also 
  mentioned the ricers &c# The little Cherry old Chief of the Menetarras 
  Spoke as follows Viz: "Father we wish to go down with you to See our Great 
  Father, but we know the nations below and are afraid of the Scioux who 
  will be on the river and will kill us on our return home. The Scioux has 
  Stolen our horses and killed 8 of our men Since you left us, and the 
  Ricaras have also Struck us. we Staid at home and listened to what you had 
  told us. we at length went to war against the Scioux and met with Ricaras 
  and killed two of them, they were on their way to Strike us. We will 
  attend to your word and not hurt any people all Shall be Welcom and we 
  Shall do as you direct. " The One Eye Said his ears would always be open 
  to the word of his great father and Shut against bad Council &c# I 
  then a good deel of Ceremony made a preasent of the Swivel to the One Eye 
  Chief and told him when he fired this gun to remember the words of his 
  great father which we had given him. this gun had anounced the words of 
  his great father to all the nations which we had Seen &c# &c# 
  after the council was over the gun was fired & delivered, they Chief 
  appeared to be much pleased and conveyed it immediately to his village 
  &c# we Settled with and discharged Colter. in the evening I walked to 
  the village to See the little Crow and know when he would be ready, took 
  with me a flag intending to give him to leave at his lodge but to my 
  astonishment he informed me he had declined going down the reason of which 
  I found was through a jellousy between himself and the principal Chief he 
  refused a flag & we Sent for Mr# Jessomme and told him to use his 
  influn to provail on one of the Chiefs to acompany us and we would employ 
  him. he informed us soon after that the big white Chief would go if we 
  would take his wife & Son & Jessoms wife & 2 children we wer 
  obliged to agree to do 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1580-1806-08-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 17th of August 1806 a Cool morning gave some powder & Ball to 
  Big White Chief Settled with Touisant Chabono for his Services as an 
  enterpreter the pric of a horse and Lodge purchased of him for public 
  Service in all amounting to 500$ 33 1/3 cents. derected two of the largest 
  of the Canoes be fastened together with poles tied across them So as to 
  make them Study for the purpose of Conveying the Indians and enterpreter 
  and their families 
  = 
  we were visited by all the principal Chiefs of the Menetarras to take 
  their leave of us at 2 oClock we left our encampment after takeing leave 
  of Colter who also Set out up the river in Company with Messrs# Dickson 
  & Handcock. we also took our leave of T# Chabono, his Snake Indian 
  wife and their Son Child who had accompanied us on our rout to the pacific 
  Ocean in the Capacity of interpreter and interpretes. T# Chabono wished 
  much to accompany us in the Said Capacity if we could have provailed the 
  Menetarre Chiefs to dcend the river with us to the U# States, but as none 
  of those chiefs of whoes language he was Conversent would accompany us, 
  his Services were no longer of use to the U States and he was therefore 
  discharged and paid up. we offered to convey him down to the Illinois if 
  he Chose to go, he declined proceeding on at present, observing that he 
  had no acquaintance or prospects of makeing a liveing below, and must 
  continue to live in the way that he had done. I offered to take his little 
  Son a butifull promising Child who is 19 months old to which they both 
  himself & wife wer willing provided the Child had been weened. they 
  observed that in one year the boy would be Sufficiently old to leave his 
  mother & he would then take him to me if I would be so freindly as to 
  raise the Child for him in Such a manner as I thought proper, to which I 
  agreeed &c# ¬ we droped down to the Big white Cheifs Mandan 
  Village 1/2 a mile below on the South Side, all the Indians proceeded on 
  down by land. and I walked to the lodge of the Chief whome I found 
  Sorounded by his friends the men were Setting in a circle Smokeing and the 
  womin Crying. he Sent his bagage with his wife & Son, with the 
  Interpreter Jessomme & his wife and 2 children to the Canoes provided 
  for them. after Smoking one pipe, and distributing Some powder & lead 
  which we had given him, he informed me that he was ready and we were 
  accompd to the Canoes by all the Village Maney of them Cried out aloud. as 
  I was about to Shake with the Grand Cheifs of all the Villages there 
  assembled they requested me to Set one minit longer with them which I 
  readily agreed to and directed a pipe to be lit. the Cheifs informed that 
  when we first came to their Country they did not beleive all we Said we 
  then told them. but they were now Convinced that every thing we had told 
  them were true, that they Should keep in memory every thing which we had 
  Said to them, and Strictly attend to our advice, that their young men 
  Should Stay at home and Should no go again to war against any nation, that 
  if any atacted them they Should defend themselves, that we might depend on 
  what they Said, and requested us to inform their great father. the also 
  requested me to tell the Ricaras to Come and See them, not to be afraid 
  that no harm Should be done them, that they were anxious to be in peace 
  with them. 
  = 
  The Seeoux they Said they had no dependance in and Should kill them 
  whenever they Came into their Country to do them harm &c# I told them 
  that we had always told them to defend themselves, but not to Strike those 
  nations we had taken by the hand, the Sieoux with whome they were at war 
  we had never Seen on our return we Should inform their great fathe of 
  their conduct towards his faithfull red Children and he would take Such 
  Steps as will bring about a lasting peace between them and his faithfull 
  red children. I informed them that we should inform the ricaras what they 
  had requested &c# The Grand Chief of the Mineterres Said that the 
  Great Cheif who was going down with to see their great father was a well 
  as if he went also, and on his return he would be fully informed of the 
  words of his great father, and requested us to take care of this Gt. 
  Chief. we then Saluted them with a gun and Set out and proceeded on to 
  Fort Mandan where I landed and went to view the old works the houses 
  except one in the rear bastion was burnt by accident, Some pickets were 
  Standing in front next to the river. we proceeded on to the old Ricara 
  village the S E wind was so hard and the waves So high that we were 
  obliged to Come too, & Camp on the S W Side near the old Village. (18 
  mils) 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1581-1806-08-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 18th August 1806. moderate rain last night, the wind of this 
  morning from the S# E# as to cause the water to be So rough that we Could 
  not proceed on untill 8 a.m. at which time it fell a little & we 
  proceeded on tho the waves were yet high and the wind Strong. Saw Several 
  Indians on either Side of the river. at 9 A#M# I saw an Indian running 
  down the beech and appd. to be anxious to Speak to us I derected the 
  Canoes to land. this Indian proved to be the brother of the Chief we had 
  on board and Came down from his Camp at no great distance to take his 
  leave of his brother. the Chief gave him a par of Legins and took an 
  effectunate leave of his brother and we procedeed on haveing previously 
  Sent on 2 canoes with hunters to kill Some meat at 2 P# M we overtook the 
  Canoe hunters, they had killed three deer which was divided and we halted 
  and Cooked Some dinner on the Sandbar. wind Still high and from the Same 
  point. The Chief pointed out Several places where he Said his nation 
  formerly lived and related Some extroadinary Stories of their tredition. 
  after Dinner we proceeded on, to a point on the N E# Side opposit the 
  remains of an old Mandan village a little below the enterance of Chiss~che 
  for River and the place we Encamped as we assended this river 20th of 
  October 1804 haveing come 40 miles today. after landing which was a little 
  before night the hunters run out into the bottom and Killed four deer. The 
  winds blew hard from the S# E# all day which retarded our progress very 
  much after the fires were made I set my self down with the big white man 
  Chiefe and made a number of enquiries into the tredition of his nation as 
  well as the time of their inhabiting the number of Villages the remains of 
  which we see on different parts of the river, as also the cause of their 
  evacuation. he told me his nation first Came out of the ground where they 
  had a great village. a grape vine grew down through the Earth to their 
  village and they Saw light Some of their people assended by the grape vine 
  upon the earth, and Saw Buffalow and every kind of animal also Grapes 
  plumbs &c# they gathered Some grapes & took down the vine to the 
  village, and they tasted and found them good, and deturmined to go up and 
  live upon the earth, and great numbers climbed the vine and got upon earth 
  men womin and children. at length a large big bellied woman in climbing 
  broke the vine and fell and all that were left in the Village below has 
  remained there ever Since (The Mandans beleive when they die that they 
  return to this village) Those who were left on earth made a village on the 
  river below and were very noumerous &c# he Said that he was born in 
  the Village Opposit to our Camp and at that time his nation inhabited 7 
  villages as large as that and were full of people, the Sieoux and Small 
  pox killed the greater part of them and made them So weak that all that 
  were left only made two Small villages when Collected, which were built 
  near the old Ricaras village above. their troubles with the Scioux & 
  Pawnees or Ricaras Compelled them to move and build a village where they 
  now live. 
  = 
  he Said that the Menitarras Came out of the water to the East and Came to 
  this Country and built a village near the mandans from whome they got Corn 
  beens &c# they were very noumerous and resided in one village a little 
  above this place on the opposit Side. they quarreled about a buffalow, and 
  two bands left the village and went into the plains, (those two bands are 
  now known bye the title Pounch, and Crow Indians.) the ballance of the 
  Menetaras moved their village to where it now Stands where they have lived 
  ever Since ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1582-1806-08-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 19th of August 1806 Some rain last night and this morning the wind 
  rose and blew with great Violence untill 4 P# M and as our camp was on a 
  Sand bar we were very much distressd with the blows of Sand. I directed 
  the hunters to proceed on down the bottom and kill and butcher Some meat 
  and if the wind Should lie that I should proceed on down to their Camp 
  &c# Capt# Lewis'es wounds are heeling very fast, I am much in hope of 
  his being able to walk in 8 or 10 days. at 4 P# M the wind Seased to blow 
  with that violence which it had done all day we Set out and proceeded on 
  down. the hunters which was Sent out this morning killed 4 Elk & 12 
  deer near the river we came too and brought in the most of the flesh and 
  proceeded on to a Sand on the N E Side and Encamped. the wind rose and 
  become very Strong from the S# E# and a great appearance of rain. Jessomme 
  the Interpreter let me have a piece of a lodge and the Squars pitched or 
  Stretched it over Some Sticks, under this piece of leather I Slept dry, it 
  is the only covering which I have had Suffecient to keep off the rain 
  Since I left the Columbia. it began to rain moderately Soon after night. 
  The Indians appear well Satisfyed with the party and mode of proceedure. 
  we decended only 10 miles to day Saw Some Elk and buffalow on the Shore 
  near where we Encamped. the Elk beginning to run. the Buffalow are done 
  running & the bulls are pore. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1583-1806-08-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 20th of August 1806 a violent hard rain about day light this 
  morning. all wet except myself and the indians. we embarked a little after 
  Sun rise wind moderate and ahead. we proceeded on at meridn. passed the 
  enterance of Cannonball river imediately above is the remains of a large 
  Sieoux encampment which appears to have been made this Spring. at 3 P M 
  passed the enterance of Wardepon River Saw great number of wolves on the 
  bank Some Buffalow & Elk, tho not so abundant as near the River 
  Rochejhone. passed the place where we left the last encampment of Ricaras 
  in the fall 1804 and encamped on a Sandbar from the N# E# Side, having 
  made 8 miles only, the wind blew hard all day which caused the waves to 
  rise high and flack over into the Small Canoes in Such a manner as to 
  employ one hand in throwing the water out. The plains begin to Change 
  their appearance the grass is turning of a yellow colour. I observe a 
  great alteration in the Corrent course and appearance of this pt# of the 
  Missouri. in places where there was Sand bars in the fall 1804 at this 
  time the main Current passes, and where the current then passed is now a 
  Sand bar Sand bars which were then naked are now covered with willow 
  Several feet high. the enteranc of Some of the Rivers & Creeks Changed 
  owing to the mud thrown into them, and a layor of mud over Some of the 
  bottoms of 8 inches thick. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1584-1806-08-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 21st August 1806 Musquetors very troublesom in the early part of 
  last night and again this morning I directed Sergt# Ordway to proceed on 
  to where there was Some ash and get enough for two ores which were 
  wanting. Men all put their arms in perfect order and we Set out at 5 a.m. 
  over took Sergt# ordway with wood for oars &c# at 8 A#M# Met three 
  french men Comeing up, they proved to be three men from the Ricaras two of 
  them Reevea & Greinyea wintered with us at the mandans in 1804 we Came 
  too, those men informed us that they were on their way to the Mandans, and 
  intended to go down to the Illinois this fall. one of them quit a young 
  lad requested a passage down to the Illinois, we concented and he got into 
  a Canoe to an Ore. Those men informd us that 700 Seeoux had passed the 
  Ricaras on their way to war with the Mandans & Menitarras and that 
  their encampment where the Squaws and Children wer, was Some place near 
  the Big Bend of this river below. no ricaras had accompanied them but were 
  all at home, they also informed us that no trader had arived at the 
  Ricaras this Season, and that they were informed that the Pania or Ricara 
  Chief who went to the United States last Spring was a year, died on his 
  return at Smoe place near the Sieoux river &c# those men had nether 
  powder nor lead we gave them a horn of powder and Some balls and after a 
  delay of an hour we parted from the 2 men Reevey & Grienway and 
  proceeded on. the wind rose and bley from the N# W# at half past 11 a.m. 
  we arived in view of the upper Ricara villages, a Great number of womin 
  Collecting wood on the banks, we Saluted the village with four guns and 
  they returned the Salute by fireing Several guns in the village, I 
  observed Several very white Lodges on the hill above the Town which the 
  ricaras from the Shore informed me were Chyennes who had just arived. we 
  landed opposit to the 2d Villages and were met by the most of the men 
  women and children of each village as also the Chyennes they all appeared 
  anxious to take us by the hand and much rejoiced to See us return. I 
  Steped on Shore and was Saluted by the two great Chiefs, whome we had made 
  or given Medals to as we assend this river in 1804, and also Saluted by a 
  great number both of Ricaras & Chyennes, as they appeared anxious to 
  here what we had done &c# as well as to here Something about the 
  Mandans & Minetarras. I Set my self down on the Side of the Bank and 
  the Chiefs & brave men of the Ricaras & Chyennes formed a Cercle 
  around me. after takeing a Smoke of Mandan tobacco which the Big white 
  Chief who was Seated on my left hand furnished, I informed them as I had 
  before informed the Mandans & Menitarras, where we had been what we 
  had done and Said to the different nations in there favour and envited 
  Some of their Chiefs to accompany us down and See their great father and 
  receve from his own mouth his good Councils and from his own hands his 
  bountifull gifts &c# telling pretty much the Same which I had told the 
  mandans and menitarras. told them not to be afraid of any nation below 
  that none would hurt them &c# a man of about 32 years of age was 
  intreduced to me as 1st Chief of the nation this man they Call the grey 
  eyes or  ¿¿  he was absent from the Nation at the time we passed up, the 
  man whome we had acknowledged as the principal chief informed me that the 
  Grey eyes was a greater Chief than himself and that he had given up all 
  his pretentions with the Flag and Medal to the Grey eyes ¬ The 
  principal chief of the Chyenne's was then introduced he is a Stout jolley 
  fellow of about 35 years of age whome the Ricaras Call the Grey Eyes I 
  also told the ricaras that I was very Sorrey to here that they were not on 
  friendly terms with their neighbours the Mandans & Menetarras, and had 
  not listened to what we had Said to them but had Suffered their young men 
  to join the Sieoux who had killed 8 Mandans &c# that their young men 
  had Stolen the horses of the Minetarras, in retaliation for those enjories 
  the Mandans & Menetarras had Sent out a war party and killed 2 
  ricaras. how could they expect other nations would be at peace with them 
  when they themselves would not listen to what their great father had told 
  them. I further informed them that the Mandans & Menetaras had opened 
  their ears to what we had Said to them but had Staid at home untill they 
  were Struk that they were Still disposed to be friendly and on good terms 
  with the ricaras, they then Saw the great Chief of the Mandans by my Side 
  who was on his way to see his great father, and was derected by his nation 
  & the Menetaras & Maharhas, to Smoke in the pipe of peace with you 
  and to tell you not to be afraid to go to their towns, or take the Birds 
  in the plains that their ears were open to our Councils and no harm Should 
  be done to a Ricara. The Chief will Speak presently The Grey eyes Chief of 
  the ricaras made a very animated Speach in which he mentioned his 
  williness of following the councels which we had given them that they had 
  Some bad young men who would not listen to the Councels but would join the 
  Seioux, those men they had discarded and drove out of their villages, that 
  the Seioux were the Cause of their Missunderstanding &c# that they 
  were a bad peoples. that they had killed Several of the Ricaras Since I 
  Saw them. That Several of the chiefs wished to accompany us down to See 
  their great father, but wished to see the Chief who went down last Sumer 
  return first, he expressed Some apprehention as to the Safty of that 
  Chiefs in passing the Sieoux. that the Ricaras had every wish to be 
  friendly with the Mandans &c# that every mandan &c# who chose to 
  visit the ricares should be Safe that he Should Continue with his nation 
  and See that they followed the Council which we had given them &c# ¬ The 
  Sun being very hot the Chyenne Chief envited us to his Lodge which was 
  pitched in the plain at no great distance from the River. I accepted the 
  invitation and accompanied him to his lodge which was new and much larger 
  than any which I have Seen it was made of 20 dressed Buffalow Skins in the 
  Same form of the Sceoux and lodges of other nations of this quarter. about 
  this lodges was 20 others Several of them of nearly the Same Size. I 
  enquired for the ballance of the nation and was informed that they were 
  near at hand and would arive on tomorrow and when all together amounted to 
  120 Lodges after Smokeing I gave a medal of the Small size to the Chyenne 
  Chief &c# which appeared to alarm him, he had a robe and a fleece of 
  fat Buffalow meat brought and gave me with the meadel back and informed me 
  that he knew that the white people were all medecine and that he was 
  afraid of the midal or any thing that white people gave to them. I had 
  previously explained the cause of my gveing him the medal & flag, and 
  again told him the use of the medal and the caus of my giveing it to him, 
  and again put it about his neck delivering him up his preasent of a roab 
  & meat, informing him that this was the medecene which his Great 
  father directed me to deliver to all the great Chiefs who listened to his 
  word and followed his councils, that he had done So and I should leave the 
  medal with him as a token of his cincerity &c# he doubled the quantity 
  of meat, and received the medal 
  = 
  The Big White chief of the Mandans Spoke at some length explainin the 
  Cause of the misunderstanding between his nation and the ricaras, 
  informing them of his wish to be on the most freindly termes &c# the 
  Chyennes accused both nations of being in folt. I told to them all that if 
  they eve wished to be hapy that they must Shake off all intimecy with the 
  Seioux and unite themselves in a Strong allience and attend to what we had 
  told them &c# which they promesed all to do and we Smoked and parted 
  on the best terms, the Mandan Chief was Saluted by Several Chiefs and 
  brave men on his way with me to the river ¬ I had requested the 
  ricaras & Chyennes to inform me as Soon as possible of their 
  intentions of going down with us to See their great father or not. in the 
  evening the Great Chief requested that I would walk to his house which I 
  did, he gave me about 2 quarts of Tobacco, 2 beaver Skins and a trencher 
  of boiled Corn & beans to eat (as it is the Custom of all the Nations 
  on the Missouri to give Something to every white man who enters their 
  lodge Something to eat) this Chief informed me that none of his Chiefs 
  wished to go down with us they all wished to See the cheif who went down 
  return first, that the Chyennes were a wild people and were afraid to go. 
  that they Should all listen to what I had Said. I gave him Some ribon to 
  Suspend his Medal to and a Shell which the Snake indians gave me for which 
  he was very much pleased. 
  = 
  The interpreter informed me that the Cheifs of those villages had no 
  intention of going down. one the Cheifs of the Village on the island 
  talkd. of going down. I returned to the boat where I found the principal 
  Chief of the lower vilege who had Cut part of his hair and disfigured 
  himself in Such a manner that I did not know him, he informed me the Sieux 
  had killed his nephew and that Was in tears for him &c# we deturmind 
  to proceed down to the Island and accordingly took the chief on board and 
  proceeded on down to the isd village at which place we arived a little 
  before dark and were met as before by nearly every individual of the 
  Village, we Saluted them and landed imediately opposit the town. The one 
  arm 2d Cheif of this village whome we had expected to accompany us down 
  Spoke to the mandan Cheif in a loud and thretening tone which Caused me to 
  be Some what alarmed for the Safty of that Cheif, I inform the Ricaras of 
  this village that the Mandans had opened their ears to and fold. our 
  Councils, that this Cheif was on his way to see their Great Father the P# 
  of U S# and was under our protection that if any enjorey was done to him 
  by any nation that we Should all die to a man. I told the Ricaras that 
  they had told us lies, they promised to be at peace with the mandans & 
  Menetarras. that our back was Scrcely turned before they went to war & 
  Killd# them and Stole their horses &c ¬ The Cheif then envited me 
  & the Mandan Chief to his house to talk there. I accompanied him, 
  after takeing a very Serimonious Smoke the 2d Cheif informd. me that he 
  had opened his ears to what we had Said to him at the time we gave him the 
  medal that he had not been to war against any Natn. Since, that once been 
  to See the mandans and they were going to kill him, they had not killed 
  the Mandans, it was the Seeoux who killed them and not the ricaras, he 
  Said that the Mandan Cheif was as Safe as if he was in his own Vilg that 
  he had opened his ears and Could here as well as the mandans. I then 
  informd them what I had told the upper villages and we all become 
  perfectly reconsiled all to each other and Smoked in the most perfect 
  harmony we had invatations to go into their lodges and eate. I at length 
  went to the grand Chiefs Lodge by his particelar invitation, the Mandan 
  Chief Stuck close to me the Chief had prepd. a Supper of boiled young 
  Corn, beens & quashes of which he gave me in Wooden bowls. he also 
  gave me near 2 quarts of the Tobacco Seed, & informed me he had always 
  had his ears open to what we had Said, that he was well convinced that the 
  Seeoux was the caus of all the trouble between the Mandans & them the 
  Ricars had Stolen horses from the Mandan which had been returned all 
  except one which could not be got, this mischief was done by Some young 
  men who was bad. a long Conversation of explanations took place between 
  the Ricara & mandan Chiefs which appeared to be Satisfactory on both 
  Sides. the Chief gave a pipe with great form and every thing appeared to 
  be made up. I returned to the river & went to bead. the Indians contd 
  on board. made 22 miles today only. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1585-1806-08-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 22nd August 1806. rained all the last night every person and all 
  our bedding wet, the Morning cloudy, at 8 A M# I was requested to go to 
  the Chiefs, I walkd up and he informed me that he Should not go down but 
  would Stay and take Care of the village and prevent the young men from 
  doing rong and Spoke much to the Same porpt of the Grey Eyes, the 2d Chief 
  Spoke to the Same and all they Said was only a repitition of what they had 
  Said before. the Chief gave me some Soft Corn and the 2d Chief Some 
  Tobacco Seed ¬ the Interpreter Garrow informed me that he had been 
  Speeking to the Chiefs & warriers this morning and assured me that 
  they had no intention of going down untill the return of the Cheif who 
  went down last Spring was a year. I told the Cheifs to attend to what we 
  had Said to them, that in a Short time they would find our words tru and 
  Councils good. they promised to attend Strictly to what had been Said to 
  them, and observed that they must trade with the Sieoux one more time to 
  get guns and powder; that they had no guns or powder and had more horses 
  than they had use for, after they got guns and powder that they would 
  never again have any thing to do with them &c# &c# I returned the 
  Canoes & derected the men to prepare to Set out. Some Chyennes from 
  two Lodges on the Main S E# Shore Came and Smoked with me and at 11 A# M 
  we Set out haveing parted with those people who appeared to be Sorry to 
  part with us. at this nation we found a french man by the name of Rokey 
  who was one of our Engagees as high as the Mandans this man had Spend all 
  his wages, and requested to return with uswe agreed to give him a passage 
  down. I directed 2 guns to be fired. we proceeded on passed the Marapa and 
  the We ter hoo Rivers, and landed to dry our bedding and robes &c 
  which were all wet. here we delayed untill 6 P M# and dryed our things 
  which were much Spoiled. 
  = 
  I derected 5 of the hunters to proceed on to Grouse Island a fiew miles 
  below and hunt on that island untill we arived, we proceded on to the main 
  N E Shore below the Island and encamped, the hunters joined us without any 
  thing. they Saw no game on the island. we made only 17 Miles to day. below 
  the ricaras the river widens and the Sand bars are emencely noumerous much 
  less timber in the bottoms than above 
  = 
  The Chyenne's are portly Indians much the complections of the Mandans 
  & ricaras high Cheeks, Streight limbed & high noses the men are 
  large, their dress in Sumner is Simpelly a roab of a light buffalow Skin 
  with or without the hair and a Breach clout & mockerson Some ware 
  leagins and mockersons, their ornaments are but fiew and those are 
  composed principally of Such articles as they precure from other indians 
  Such as blue beeds, Shell, red paint rings of brass broaches &c# they 
  also ware Bears Claws about their necks, Strips of otter Skin (which they 
  as well as the ricaras are excessively fond of) around their neck falling 
  back behind. their ears are cut at the lower part, but fiew of them were 
  ornements in them, their hair is generally Cut in the forehead above their 
  eyes and Small ornimented plats in front of each Sholder the remainder of 
  the hair is either twisted in with horse or buffalow hair divided into two 
  plats over the Sholder or what is most common flow's back, Their women are 
  homely, corse feetured wide mouthes they ware Simpially a leathe habit 
  made in a plain form of two pieces of equal length and equal weadth, which 
  is sewen together with Sinues from the tail to about half way from the hip 
  to the arm, a String fastens the 2 pieces together over the Sholders 
  leaveng a flap or lapells which fall over near half way ther body both 
  before and behind. those dresses usially fall as low as mid leg, they are 
  frequently ornemented with beeds and Shells & Elk tuskes of which all 
  Indians are very fond of. those dresses are als frequently Printed in 
  various regular figures with hot sticks which are rubed on the leather 
  with Such velosity as to nearly burn it this is very handsom. they were 
  their hair flowing and are excessively fond of ornamenting their ears with 
  blue beeds ¬ this nation peacbly disposed they may be estimated at 
  from 350 to 400 men inhabetig from 130 to 150 Lodges, they are rich in 
  horses & Dogs, the dogs Carry a great preportion of their light 
  baggage. they Confess to be at war with no nation except the Sieoux with 
  whome they have ever since their remembranc been on a difencive war, with 
  the Bands of Sieoux. as I was about to leave the Cheifs of the Chyennes 
  lodge he requested me to Send Some traders to them, that their country was 
  full of beaver and they would then be encouraged to Kill beaver, but now 
  they had no use for them as they could get nothing for their skins and did 
  not know well, how to catch beaver. if the white people would come amongst 
  them they would become acquainted and the white people would learn them 
  how to take the beaver. I promised the Nation that I would inform their 
  Great father the President of the U States, and he would have them 
  Supplied with goods, and mentioned in what manner they would be Supplied 
  &c# &c# 
  = 
  I am happy to have it in my power to Say that my worthy friend Capt Lewis 
  is recovering fast, he walked a little to day for the first time. I have 
  discontinud the tent in the hole the ball came out 
  = 
  I have before mentioned that the Mandans Maharhas Menetarras & 
  Ricarras, keep their horses in the Lodge with themselves at night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1586-1806-08-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 23rd August 1806 We Set out very early, the wind rose & 
  became very hard, we passed the Sar~war~kar~na~har river at 10 A# M and at 
  half past eleven the wind became So high and the water So rough that we 
  were obliged to put to Shore and Continue untill 3 p. M# when we had a 
  Small Shower of rain after which the wind lay, and we proceeded on. Soon 
  after we landed I Sent Shields & Jo# & Reubin Fields down to the 
  next bottom of timber to hunt untill our arival. we proceeded on Slowly 
  and landed in the bottom. the hunters had killed three Elk and 3 Deer the 
  deer were pore and Elk not fat had them fleece & brought in. the 
  Musqueters large and very troublesom. at 4 P# M a Cloud from the N W with 
  a violent rain for about half an hour after the rain we again proceeded 
  on. I observe great quantities of Grapes and Choke Cheries, also a Speces 
  of Currunt which I had never before observed the leas is larger than those 
  above, the Currt. black and very inferior to either the yellow, red, or 
  perple ¬ at dark we landed on a Small Sand bar under a Bluff on the S 
  W# Side and encamped, this Situation was one which I had Chosen to avoid 
  the Musquetors, they were not very troublesom after we landed. we Came 
  only 40 Miles to daye 
  = 
  My Frend Capt Lewis is recoverig fast the hole in his thy where the Ball 
  passed out is Closed and appears to be nearly well. the one where the ball 
  entered discharges very well. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1587-1806-08-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 24th August 1806 a fair morning we Set out as usial about Sunrise 
  and proceeded on untill 2 P M when the wind blew So hard from the N# W# 
  that we could not proceed came too on the S W# Side where we continued 
  untill 5 P#M# when the wind lay a little and we again proceeded on. at 8 a 
  M# we passed La~hoo~catts Island, opposit the lower point of this Island 
  on the S# W# Side near the top of the Bluff I observed a Stratea of White 
  stone I landed and examined it found it to be a Soft White Stone 
  containing very fine grit, when expd# to the Sun and become Dry this Stone 
  will Crumble the Clay of this bluff to the above and below is remarkably 
  Black. at half past 9 a.m. passed Good hope Island and at 11 a. m passed 
  Caution Island a Short distance below this Island we came too. Sent out a 
  hunter he Saw Several deer they were very wild and he returned without 
  haveing killed any, the deer on this pt# of the Missouri is mostly the 
  Mule or black tail Species. we Saw only 6 buffalow to day the Sieoux have 
  been laterly encamped on the river and have Secured the most of the game 
  opp. a large trail has passed on a derection to the enterance of the 
  Chyenne this probably is the trail of a war party. at 5 P#M# we proceeded 
  on a fiew miles and Encampd. on the gouge of the lookout bend of 20 miles 
  around and 3/4 through, a little above an old tradeing house and 4 miles 
  above of our outward bound encampment of the 1st of October 1804, haveing 
  made 43 miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1588-1806-08-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 25th August 1806 a cool clear morning a Stiff breeze ahead we Set 
  out at the usial hour and proceeded on very well. I derected Shields 
  Collins Shannon and the two fieldses to proceed on in the two small Canoes 
  to the Ponia Island and hunt on that Island untill we came on, they Set 
  out before day light The Skirt of timber in the bend above the Chyenne is 
  not very Considerable the timber is Scattered from 4 to 16 miles on the S 
  W Side of the river, and the thickest part is at the distance of 6 & 
  10 miles from the Chyenne, a narrow bottom of Small Cotton trees is also 
  on the N E pt# at the distance of from 4 to 41/2 miles above the Chyenne 
  imediately at the enterance of that river I observe but fiew large trees 
  Some Small Growth and willows on the lower Side bottom on the Missouri 
  about 1/2 a mile and extends up the Chyen 1 mile about a quarter of a mile 
  above is a 2d bottom of Cotton timber, in the point above the Chyenne 
  there is a considerable bottom of about 2 miles on that river and a large 
  timbered bottom a Short distance above. at 8 A#M# we Came to at the mouth 
  of the Chyenne to delay untill 12 to make a meridian observation and 
  derected 3 hunters to proced up this river and hunt its bottoms untill 
  twelve at which hou we Shall proceed on. the hunters returned with 2 deer 
  the Chyenne discharges but little water which is much the colour of the 
  missouri tho not So muddy I observe a very eligable Situation on the bank 
  of the Chyenne on it's lower Side about 100 paces from it's enterance. 
  this Situation is above the high floods and has a perfect Command of each 
  river we obtained a Meridian altitude with the Sextt. and artificial 
  Horizon 112° 50' 00" ¬  after which we proceeded on passed the pania Island 
  and came up with Shields and Collins they had killed two deer only at 3 P 
  M we passed the place where we Saw the last encampement of Troubleson 
  Tetons below the old ponia village on the S W Side. a very large timbered 
  bottom on the N# E# Side imedialely below the Pania Island. Latd# of 
  Chyenne is  ¿¿  North. at Sunset we landed about the Center of a large 
  bottom on the N E Side a little below the enterance of No timber Creek and 
  below our Encampment of 29th of Septr. 1804. dreyer killed a deer after we 
  encamped. a little above our encampmt. the ricaras had formerly a large 
  village on each Side which was destroyed by the Seioux. there is the 
  remains of 5 other villages on the S W# Side below the Chyenne river and 
  one on Le ho catts Isld# all those villages have been broken up by the 
  Seioux. This day proved a fine Still day and the men played their oars and 
  we made 48 miles to day. The 2 fields and Shannon did not join this 
  evening which caused me to encamp earlier than usial for them. we Saw no 
  game on the plains today. the Tetons have been on the river not long Since 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1589-1806-08-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 26th of August 1806 a heavy dew this morning the hunters or 
  Shannon & the 2 fields came up at Sunrise and we Set out, they had 
  killed only 2 Small deer one of which they had eat at 8 passed the place 
  the Tetons were encamped at the time they attempted to Stop us in Septr. 
  1804, and at 9 A#M# passed the enterance of Teton River. Saw Several black 
  tail or Mule deer and Sent out to kill them but they were wild and the 
  hunters Could not get a Shot at either of them. a fiew miles below the 
  Teton river I observed a buffalow Skin Canoe lying on the S Shore and a 
  Short distance lower a raft which induces me to Suspect that the Tetons 
  are not on the Missouri at the big bend as we were informed by the 
  Ricaras, but up the Teton river. at Meridn# we halted on the N E# Side 
  opposit a handsom leavel plain in which there is great quantities of 
  plumbs which are not yet ripe. we passed the enteranc of Smoke Creek and 
  landed and Continued two hours to Stop a leak in the perogue and fix the 
  Stearing oare, Saw great quantities of Grapes, they are black tho not 
  thurerly ripe. at 5 P M# we landed a Louisells fort on Ceder Island, this 
  fort is entire and every part appears to be in the Same state it was when 
  we passed it in Septr# 1804. I observed the appearance of 3 fires in the 
  houses which appeared to have been made 10 or 12 days past. we proceeded 
  on about 10 miles lower and encamped on the S# W# Side opposit our outward 
  bound encampment of the 21st of Septr# 1804, a fiew miles above Tylors 
  River. we had a Stiff breeze from the S# E# which continued to blow the 
  greater part of the night dry and pleasent. as we were now in the Country 
  where we were informed the Sceoux were assembled we were much on our guard 
  deturmined to put up with no insults from those bands of Seioux, all the 
  arms &# in perfect order. Capt# L# is Still on the mending hand he 
  walks a little. I have discontinued the tent in the hole where the ball 
  entered, agreeable to his request. he tells me that he is fully Convinced 
  that the wound is sufficiently heeled for the tents to be discontinued. we 
  made 60 miles to day with the wind ahead greater part of the day ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1590-1806-08-27
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 27, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 27th Augt# 1806 Set out before Sunrise a Stiff breeze a head 
  from the East proceeded to the enterance of Tylors river on the S W Side 
  and landed on a Sand bar and Sent out the hunters to kill Some meat, our 
  Stock of meat being now exousted and this the most favourable place to 
  precure a fresh Supply, the hunters returned in 3 hours without haveing 
  killed any thing. they informed me that the bottoms were entirely beaten 
  up and the grass laid flat by the emence number of Buffalow which had been 
  here a Short time past. the deer had left the bottom. they Saw several 
  Buffalow Bulls which they did not think proper to kill as they were unfit 
  for use. here we discover the first Signs of the wild turkey. at 1 P M we 
  halted in the big bend and killed a fat buck elk near the river, which was 
  very timely as our meat was entirely exhosted. at 2 P# M we again 
  proceeded on down saw Several Buffalow Bulls on each Side of the river 
  also Some deer of the Common kind at 6 P#M# we herd the bellowing of the 
  Buffalow Bulls in the lower Isld# of the Big bend below the Gouge which 
  induced a belief that there was Some fat Cows, 5 men went out from the 2 
  Small Canoes which was a little a head, and killed two Cows one Bull and a 
  Calf nether of them wer fat we droped the Perogue & Canoes to the 
  lower part of the Island near to where the buffalow was killed and 
  incamped haveing Come 45 Miles only to day. had the buffalow butched and 
  brought in and divided. My friend Capt Lewis hurt himself very much by 
  takeing a longer walk on the Sand bar in my absence at the buffalow than 
  he had Strength to undergo, which Caused him to remain very unwell all 
  night. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1591-1806-08-28
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 28, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 28th of August 1806 Capt Lewis had a bad nights rest and is not 
  very well this morning. we Set out early and proceded on very well, Saw a 
  number of Buffalow bulls on the banks in different places. passd the 3 
  rivers of the Seioux pass at 9 A#M# a Short distance below on the S W Side 
  Sent out Reubin & Joseph Feild to hunt for the Mule deer or the 
  antilope neither of which we have either the Skins or Scellitens of, we 
  detected those two men to proceed on down to the places we encamped the 
  16th & 17th of Septr# 1804 and which place the party had called 
  pleasant Camp from the great abundance of Game Such as Buffalow Elk, 
  antilopes, Blacktail or mule deer, fallow deer, common deer wolves barking 
  Squirels, Turkies and a variety of other animals, aded to which there was 
  a great abundance of the most delicious plumbs and grapes. this Situation 
  which is a Short distance above the enterance of Corvus Creek we are 
  deturmined to delay one day for the purpose of prcureing the sceletins of 
  the Mule deer & antilope, and Some barking Squirels. a fiew miles 
  below the place the 2 Fields were Set on Shore we Set Drewyer and Labeech 
  on Shore with the Same directions which had been given to the 2 field's at 
  12 oClock we Landed on the S W# Side at the Same Spot which we had 
  encamped on the 16th and 17th of September 1804, and formed a Camp, Sent 
  out Serjt# Pryor, Shields, Go# Gibson, Willard and Collins to hunt in the 
  plains up Corvus Creek for the Antilope and Mule deer Sent out Bratten and 
  Frazier to kill the barking Squirel, and Gave directions to all of them to 
  kill the Magpye if they Should See any of them Several of the men and the 
  Squaws of the enterpreter Jessomme and the Mandan Chief went to Some plumb 
  bushes in the bottom and geathered more plumbs than the party Could eate 
  in 2 days, those blumbs are of 3 Speces, the most of them large and well 
  flavored. our Situation is pleasent a high bottom thinly timbered and 
  covered with low grass without misquitors. at 3 P# M Drewyer and Labeech 
  arived, the latter haveing killd# a Deer of the Common Speceis only. in 
  the evening late all the hunters returned without any Speces of animal we 
  were in want of, they killed 4 Common deer and two buffalow a part of the 
  best of the meat of those animals they brought in. we precured two of the 
  barking Squirels only. as we Could not precere any Mule deer or antelope 
  we concluded to Send the hunters on a head early in the morning and delay 
  untill 10 A# M to give them time to hunt. I derected Shannon & Collins 
  to go on the opposit Side, and Labeech and Willard to proceed down on this 
  Side at Some distance from the river and join the party at the round 
  Island &c# and R# Field to proceed on Slowly in the Small Canoe to 
  that place and take in any thing which the hunters might kill. Made 32 
  miles to day 
  = 
  The hunters informed me that they Saw great numbers of Buffalow in the 
  plains. I Saw Several herds of those animals on either Side to day at a 
  distance. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1592-1806-08-29
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 29, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 29th August 1806 a cloudy morning the hunters proceeded on 
  agreeable to their orders of last night. I Sent out two men to the village 
  of barking Squirels with direcitions to kill Some of them. they after 2 
  hours returned and informed me that not one of those Squirels were to be 
  Seen out of their holes. the Skins of the party which they had been 
  dressing Since yesterday being now completely dressed I derected all loose 
  baggage to be put on board the Canoes and at 10 A#M# Set out and proceeded 
  on passed the white river at 12 oClock and halted below the enterance of 
  Shannons Creek where we were joined by Labeech Shannon and Willard, they 
  had killed 2 common der but no Mule deer or antilopes. Willard informed me 
  that he Saw 2 antilopes but Could not get near to them. Willard and 
  Labiech waded white river a fiew miles above its enterance and inform me 
  that they found it 2 feet water and 200 yards wide. the water of this 
  river at this time nearly as white as milk. put Drewyer out to hunt on the 
  S W# Side and proceeded on below the round Island and landed on the N# E# 
  Side I with Several of the men went out in pursute of Buffalow. the men 
  killed 2 Bulls near me they were very por I assended to the high Country 
  and from an eminance, I had a view of the plains for a great distance. 
  from this eminance I had a view of a greater number of buffalow than I had 
  ever Seen before at one time. I must have Seen near 20,000 of those 
  animals feeding on this plain. I have observed that in the country between 
  the nations which are at war with each other the greatest numbers of wild 
  animals are to be found ¬  on my return to the river I killed 2 young deer. 
  after Dinner we proceeded down the river about 3 mile to the Camp of Jo# 
  & Rubin fields and Collins, and encamped on the S W# Side a little 
  below our encampment of 13th Septr# 1804, haveing made 20 Miles only. 
  neither of the hunters killed either a Black tail deer or an antilope. Jo# 
  Fields & Shields each killed a porcupin and two others of the hunters 
  Killed Deer, Drewyer did not join us untill 10 P#M# he informed that he 
  Saw some antilopes and Mule deer but Could kill none of them. Jo# Field 
  informed that he wounded female of the Mule deer a little below our Camp 
  late in the evening and could not prosue her I directed him to Set out 
  with 3 others and follow the Deer and get her if possible early in the 
  morning. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1593-1806-08-30
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 30, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 30th of August 1806 Capt# Lewis is mending Slowly. we set out at 
  the usial hour and proceeded on very well a fiew miles Jo Field who was on 
  the Shore being behind I derected one of the Small Canoes with R# Fields 
  & Shannon to continue on the point of a Sand bar untill he corns up. I 
  took 3 hunters and walked on the N E Shore with a view to kill Some fat 
  meet. we had not proceeded far before Saw a large plumb orchd of the most 
  deelicious plumbs, out of this orchard 2 large Buck Elks ran the hunters 
  killed them. I Stoped the Canoes and brought in the flesh which was fat 
  and fine. here the party Collected as many plumbs as they could eate and 
  Several pecks of which they put by &c# after a delay of nearly 2 hours 
  we again proceeded on downwards passed 3 Small Islands and as we were 
  about to land at the place appointed to wait for the 2 fields and Shannon, 
  I saw Several men on horseback which with the help of a Spie glass I found 
  to be Indians on the high hills to the N E we landed on the S# W# Side and 
  I sent out two men to a village of Barking Squirels to kill Some of those 
  animals imedeatily after landing about 20 indians was discovered on an 
  eminanc a little above us on the opposite Side. one of those men I took to 
  be a freinch man from his a blanket Capoe & a handkerchief around his 
  head. imediately after 80 or 90 Indian men all armed with fusees & 
  Bows & arrows Came out of a wood on the opposite bank about 1/4 of a 
  mile below us. they fired of their guns as a Salute we returned the Salute 
  with 2 rounds. we were at a loss to deturmin of what nation those indians 
  were. from their hostile appearance we were apprehensive they were Tetons. 
  but from the Country through which they roved we were willing to believe 
  them eithe the Yanktons, Ponars or Mahars either of which nations are well 
  disposed towards the white people. I deturmined to find out who they were 
  without running any resque of the party and indians, and therefore took 
  three french men who could Speak the Mahar Pania and some Seioux and in a 
  Small canoe I went over to a Sand bar which extended Sufficently near the 
  opposite Shore to Converse. imedeately after I Set out 3 young men Set out 
  from the opposite Side and Swam next me on the Sand bar. I derected the 
  men to Speak to them in the Pania and mahar Languages first neither of 
  which they could understand I then derected the man who could Speak a fiew 
  words of Seioux to inquire what nation or tribe they belong to they 
  informed me that they were Tetons and their Chief was Tar~tack~kah~sabbar 
  or the black buffalow This Chief I knew very well to be the one we had 
  seen with his band at Teton river which band had attempted to detain us in 
  the fall of 1804 as we assended this river and with whome we wer near 
  comeing to blows. I told those Indians that they had been deef to our 
  councils and ill treated us as we assended this river two years past, that 
  they had abused all the whites who had visited them since. I believed them 
  to be bad people & Should not Suffer them to cross to the Side on 
  which the party lay, and directed them to return with their band to their 
  Camp, that if any of them come near our camp we Should kill them 
  certainly. I lef them on the bear and returned to th party and examined 
  the arms &c# those indians seeing Some Corn in the Canoe requested 
  Some of it which I refused being deturmined to have nothing to do with 
  those people. Several others Swam across one of which understood pania, 
  and as our pania interpreter was a very good one we had it in our power to 
  inform what we wished. I told this man to inform his nation that we had 
  not forgot their treatment to us as we passed up this river &c# that 
  they had treated all the white people who had visited them very badly; 
  robed them of their goods, and had wounded one man whome I had Seen. we 
  viewed them as bad people and no more traders would be Suffered to come to 
  them, and whenever the white people wished to visit the nations above they 
  would Come Sufficiently Strong to whip any vilenous party who dare to 
  oppose them and words to the Same purpote. I also told them that I was 
  informed that a part of all their bands were gorn to war against the 
  Mandans &c, and that they would be well whiped as the Mandans & 
  Menetarres & had a plenty of Guns Powder and ball, and we had given 
  them a Cannon to defend themselves. and derected them to return from the 
  Sand bar and inform their Chiefs what we had Said to them, and to keep 
  away from the river or we Should kill every one of them &c# &c# 
  those fellows requested to be allowed to Come across and make Cumerads 
  which we positively refused and I directed them to return imediately which 
  they did and after they had informed the Chiefs &c# as I Suppose what 
  we had Said to them, they all Set out on their return to their Camps back 
  of a high hill. 7 of them halted on the top of the hill and blackguarded 
  us, told us to come across and they would kill us all &c# of which we 
  took no notice. we all this time were extreamly anxious for the arival of 
  the 2 fields & Shannon whome we had left behind, and were Some what 
  consd# as to their Safty# to our great joy those men hove in Sight at 6 
  P#M# Jo# Fields had killed 3 black tail or mule deer. we then Set out, as 
  I wished to See what those Indians on the hill would act# we Steared 
  across near the opposit Shore, this notion put them Some agitation as to 
  our intentions, some Set out on the direction towards their Camps others 
  walked about on the top of the hill and one man walked down the hill to 
  meet us and invited us to land to which invitation I paid no kind of 
  attention. this man I knew to be the one who had in the fall 1804 
  accompaned us 2 days and is Said to be the friend to the white people. 
  after we passd# him he returned on the top of the hill and gave 3 Strokes 
  with the gun he had in his hand this I am informed is a great oath among 
  the indians. we proceeded on down about 6 miles and encamped on a large 
  Sand bar in the middle of the river about 2 miles above our encampment on 
  Mud Island on the 10th Septr# 1804 haveing made 22 miles only to Day. Saw 
  Several Indians on the hills at a distance this evening viewing us. our 
  encampment of this evening was a very disagreable one, bleak exposed to 
  the winds, and the Sand wet. I pitched on this Situation to prevent being 
  disturbed by those Scioux in the Course of the night as well as to avoid 
  the Musquetors. Killed 9 whistleing squirels. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1594-1806-08-31
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  August 31, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 31st August 1806 all wet and disagreeable this morning. at half 
  past 11 last night the wind Shifted about to the N# W# and it began to 
  rain with hard Claps of thunder and lightning the Clouds passd over and 
  the wind Shifted about to the S W# & blew with great violence So much 
  So that all hands were obliged to hold the Canoes & Perogue to prevent 
  their being blown off from the Sand bar, however a Suden Squal of wind 
  broke the cables of the two Small Canoes and with Some dificuelty they 
  were got to Shore Soon after the 2 Canoes in which Sergt# Pryor and the 
  indians go in broke loose with wiser and Willard in them and were blown 
  quite across the river to the N E# Shore where fortunately they arived 
  Safe, I Sent Sergt# Jo Ordway with a Small perogue and 6 men to prosue the 
  2 Canoes and assist them in effecting a landing, those 2 Canoes being tied 
  together 2 men could not manage them, the wind Slackened a little and by 2 
  A#M# Sergt Ordway with willard wiser and the 2 Canoes returned all Safe, 
  the wind continud to blow and it rained untill day light all wet and 
  disagreeable. all the party examind their arms and put them in order and 
  we Set out and proceeded on down. Saw Several Indians on the hills untill 
  we passed the Island of Cedar 9 A# M the morning Cloudy and wind down the 
  the river at 4 P#M# passed the doome and lowest village of Barking 
  Squirels. this is also the highest up the river where I observed the fox 
  Squirel in the bottom above the doome on N# E Side I killed 2 fox 
  Squirels. we Saw no game of any kind to day as the banks as usial. the Sun 
  Shone with a number of flying Clouds. we encamped on the N# E# Side a 
  little below our Encampment of the 5th of Septr# on no preserve Island 
  haveing Come 70 Miles. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1595-1806-09-01
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 1, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 1st of September 1806 Musquitors very troublesom last night, we set 
  out at the usial hour and had not proceeded on far before the fog became 
  So thick that we were oblige to come too and delay half an hour for the 
  fog to pass off which it did in Some measure and we again proceded on R# 
  Jo# Fields and Shannon landed on an Ponceras Island to try to kill Some 
  deer which was Seen on the beech and the Canoes all passed them at 9 A# M 
  we passed the enterance of River Quiequur which had the Same appearance it 
  had when we passed up water rapid and of a milky white Colour about two 
  miles below the Quicurre, 9 Indians ran down the bank and beckened to us 
  to land, they appeared to be a war party, and I took them to be Tetons and 
  paid no kind of attention to them further than an enquirey to what tribe 
  they belonged, they did not give me any answer, I prosume they did not 
  understand the man who Spoke to them as he Spoke but little of their 
  language. as one Canoe was yet behind we landed in an open Commanding 
  Situation out of Sight of the indians deturmined to delay untill they Came 
  up. about 15 minits after we had landed Several guns were fired by the 
  indians, which we expected was at the three men behind. I calld out 15 men 
  and ran up with a fill deturmination to Cover them if possible let the 
  number of the indians be what they might. Capt Lewis hobled up on the bank 
  and formed the remainder of the party in a Situation well calculated to 
  defend themselves and the Canoes &c# when I had proceeded to the point 
  about 250 yards I discovered the Canoe about 1 mile above & the 
  indians where we had left them. I then walked on the Sand beech and the 
  indians came down to meet me I gave them my hand and enquired of them what 
  they were Shooting at, they informed me that they were Shooting off their 
  guns at an old Keg which we had thrown out of one of the Canoes and was 
  floating down. those Indians informed me they were Yanktons, one of the 
  men with me knew one of the Indians to be the brother of young Durion's 
  wife. finding those indians to be Yanktons I invited them down to the 
  boats to Smoke. when we arived at the Canoes they all eagerly Saluted the 
  Mandan Chief, and we all Set and Smoked Several pipes. I told them that we 
  took them to be a party of Tetons and the fireing I expected was at the 
  three men in the rear Canoe and I had went up with a full intention to 
  kill them all if they had been tetons & fired on the Canoe as we first 
  expected, but finding them Yanktons and good men we were glad to See them 
  and take them by the hand as faithfull Children who had opened their ears 
  to our Councils. one of them Spoke and Said that their nation had opened 
  their years, & done as we had directed them ever Since we gave the 
  Meadel to their great Chief, and Should Continue to do as we had told them 
  we enquired if any of their Chiefs had gone down with Mr# Durion, the 
  answered that their great Chief and many of their brave men had gone down, 
  that the white people had built a house near the Mahar village where they 
  traded. we tied a piec of ribon to each mans hair and gave them Some Corn 
  of which they appeared much pleased. The Mandan Cheif gave a par of 
  elegant Legins to the principal man of the indian party, which is an 
  indian fashion. the Canoe & 3 men haveing joined us we took our leave 
  of this party telling them to return to their band and listen to our 
  councils which we had before given to them. Their band of 80 Lodges were 
  on plum Creek a fiew miles to north. those nine men had five fusees and 4 
  bows & quivers of arrows. at 2 P#M# we came too on the upper point of 
  bon homme opposit the antient fortification and Sent out men to hunt on 
  each Side and on the island. and the canoes on each Side of the island to 
  receive any meat might be killed I walked on the N# E# main Shore found 
  the bottom rich and thickly covered with Peavine rich weed grass 
  interwoven in Such a manner with grape vines that I could not get through 
  and was obliged to assend a high plains the passing through which I also 
  found tiresom. the grass was nearly as high as my head and the musquitors 
  excessively bad. at the lower point of the Island all the Canoes & 
  hunters Came together. Labeech killed an Elk only the flesh of which was 
  brought on in the perogue. at this island we brought 2 years together or 
  on the 1st of Septr# 1804 we Encamped at the lower point of this Island. 
  after we all Came together we again proceeded on down to a large Sand bar 
  imediately opposit to the place were we met the Yanktons in Council at the 
  Calumet Bluffs and which place we left on the it of Septr# 1804. I 
  observed our old flag Staff or pole Standing as we left it. the musquitors 
  excessively troublesom untill about 10 P#M# when the S W wind became 
  Strong and blew the most of them off. we came 52 miles to day only with a 
  head wind. the Country on either Side are butifull and the plains much 
  richer below the Queiquer river than above that river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1596-1806-09-02
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 2, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 2nd of September 1806 Set out at the usial hour passed the River 
  Jacque at 8 A#M# in the first bottom below on the N E# Side I observed the 
  remains of a house which had been built since we passed up, this most 
  probably was McClellins tradeing house with the Yanktons in the Winter of 
  1804 & 5 the wind was hard a head & continued to increas which 
  obliged us to lay by nearly all day. as our Store of meat, I took with me 
  8 men and prosued a Small Gang of Cows in the plains 3 miles and killed 
  two which was in very good order, had them butchered and each man took a 
  load as much as he Could Carry and returned to the Canoes, the wind Still 
  high and water rough we did not Set out untill near Sun Set we proceded to 
  a Sand bar a Short distance below the place we had Come too on account of 
  the wind and Encamped on a Sand bar, the woods being the harbor of the 
  Musquetors and the party without the means of Screaning themselves from 
  those tormenting insects. on the Sand bars the wind which generaly blows 
  moderately at night blows off those pests and we Sleep Soundly. The wind 
  Continued to blow hard from the Same point S# E untill 3 P# M I saw in my 
  walk to day Lynn and Slipery Elm. the plains are tolerably leavel on each 
  Side and very fertile. I saw 4 prarie fowls Common to the Illinois, those 
  are the highest up which have been Seen, white Oak is very Common also 
  white ash on the riveens and high bottoms. two turkys killed to day of 
  which the Indians very much admired being the first which they ever Saw. 
  Capt L# is mending fast ¬ we made only 22 Miles to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1597-1806-09-03
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 3, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 3rd of September 1806 Wind Continued to blow very hard this 
  morning. it Shifted last night to the S# W# and blew the Sand over us in 
  Such a manner as to render the after part of the night very disagreeable. 
  the wind luled a little and we Set out and proceeded on with the wind a 
  head passed the enterance of redstone River on the N E# Side at 11 A M# 
  and at half past 4 P# M we Spied two boats & Several men, our party 
  peyed their Ores and we Soon landed on the Side of the Boats the men of 
  these boats Saluted us with their Small arms I landed & was met by a 
  Mr# James Airs from Mackanaw by way of Prarie Dechien and St# Louis. this 
  Gentleman is of the house of Dickson & Co# of Prarie de Chian who has 
  a Licence to trade for one year with the Sieoux he has 2 Batteaux loaded 
  with Merchendize for that purpose. This Gentleman receved both Capt# Lewis 
  and my Self with every mark of friendship he was himself at the time with 
  a chill of the agu on him which he has had for Several days. our first 
  enquirey was after the President of our country and then our friends and 
  the State of the politicks of our country &c# and the State Indian 
  affairs to all of which enquireys Mr# Aires gave us as Satisfactory 
  information as he had it in his power to have Collected in the Illinois 
  which was not a great deel. soon after we Landed a violent Storm of 
  Thunder Lightning and rain from the N W# which was violent with hard Claps 
  of thunder and Sharp Lightning which continued untill 10 P M after which 
  the wind blew hard. I set up late and partook of the tent of Mr# Aires 
  which was dry. Mr# Aires unfortunately had his boat Sunk on the 25 of July 
  last by a violent Storm of Wind and hail by which accident he lost the 
  most of his usefull articles as he informd# us. this Gentleman informed us 
  of maney Changes & misfortunes which had taken place in the Illinois 
  amongst others the loss of Mr# Cady Choteaus house and furniture by fire. 
  for this misfortune of our friend Choteaus I feel my Self very much 
  Concernd &c# he also informed us that Genl# Wilkinson was the governor 
  of the Louisiana and at St# Louis. 300 of the american Troops had been 
  Contuned on the Missouri a fiew miles above it's mouth, Some disturbance 
  with the Spaniards in the Nackatosh Country is the Cause of their being 
  Called down to that Country, the Spaniards had taken one of the U, States 
  frigates in the Mediteranean, Two British Ships of the line had fired on 
  an American Ship in the port of New York, and killed the Capts# brother. 2 
  Indians had been hung in St# Louis for murder and several others in jale. 
  and that Mr# Burr & Genl# Hambleton fought a Duel, the latter was 
  killed &c# &c# I am happy to find that my worthy friend Capt L's 
  is so well as to walk about with ease to himself &c#, we made 60 Miles 
  to day the river much crowded with Sand bars, which are very differently 
  Situated from what they were when we went up. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1598-1806-09-04
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 4, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 4th September 1806 The Musquitors became troublesom early this 
  morning I rose at the usial hour found all the party as wet as rain could 
  make them. as we were in want of Some tobacco I purposed to Mr# Airs to 
  furnish us with 4 Carrots for which we would Pay the amount to any 
  Merchant of St# Louis he very readily agreed to furnish us with tobacco 
  and gave to each man as much as it is necessary for them to use between 
  this and St# Louis, an instance of Generossity for which every man of the 
  party appears to acknowledge. Mr# Airs also insisted on our accepting a 
  barrel of flourwe gave to this gentleman what Corn we Could Spear 
  amounting to about 6 bushels, this Corn was well Calculated for his 
  purpose as he was about to make his establishment and would have it in his 
  power to hull the Corn & The flower was very acceptable to us. we have 
  yet a little flour part of what we carried up from the Illinois as high as 
  Maria's river and buried it there untill our return &c# at 8 A# M we 
  took our leave and Set out, and proceeded on very well, at 11 A#M# passed 
  the Enterance of the big Sieoux River which is low, and at meridian we 
  came too at Floyds Bluff below the Enterance of Floyds river and assended 
  the hill, with Capt Lewis and Several men, found the grave had been opened 
  by the nativs and left half Covered. we had this grave Completely filled 
  up, and returned to the Canoes and proceeded on to the Sand bar on which 
  we encamped from the 12th to the 20th of August 1804 near the Mahar 
  Village, here we came to and derected every wet article put out to dry, 
  all the bedding of the party and Skins being wet. as it was late in the 
  evening we deturmined to continue all night. had issued to each man of the 
  party a cup of flour. we See no Species of Game on the river as usial 
  except wild geese and pelicans. I observed near Sergt Floyds Grave a 
  number of flurishing black walnut trees, these are the first which I have 
  seen decending the river. a little before night Several Guns were heard 
  below and in a direction towards the Mahar village which induced us to 
  suspect that Mr# McClellin who we was informed was on his way up to trade 
  with the Mahars had arived at the Creek below and that those reports of 
  Guns was Some of his party out hunting. every thing being dry we derected 
  the Perogue & Canoes to be loaded and in readiness to Set out in the 
  morning early. at dark the Musquetors became troublesom and continued So 
  all night the party obtained but little Sleep ¬ we made 36 miles only 
  to daye. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1599-1806-09-05
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 5, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 5th September 1806 The Musquetors being So excessively tormenting 
  that the party was all on board and we Set out at day light and proceeded 
  on very well. here the river is bordered on both sides with timber &c 
  becoms much narrower more Crooked and the Current more rapid and Crouded 
  with Snags or Sawyers than it is above, and continus So all day. We did 
  not meet with McClellen as we expected at the Creek. the report of the 
  guns which was heard must have been the Mahars who most probably have just 
  arrived at their village from hunting the buffalow. this is a Season they 
  usialy return to their village to Secure their Crops of Corn Beens punkins 
  &c &c# proceeded on very well passd# the blue Stone bluff at 3 P# 
  M here the river leaves the high lands and meanders through a low rich 
  bottom. Encamped on the S W Side on a Sand bar at a cut off a little below 
  our Encampment of the 9th of August 1804. haveing made 73 Miles to day ¬  
  Capt# Lewis still in a Convelesent State. We Saw no game on the Shores to 
  day worth killig only Such as pelicans Geese ducks, Eagles and Hawks &c# ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1600-1806-09-06
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 6, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 6th of September 1806 The Musquetors excessively troublesom we 
  Set out early at the great Cut off Saw a herd of Elk, we landed and Sent 
  out Several hunters to kill Some of the Elk, they returnd. without killing 
  any as the Elk was wild and ran off much fritened. I Sent the two Small 
  Canoes on a head with derections to hunt in two bottoms below, and after a 
  delay of half an hour proceeded on wind~hard a head at the lower point 7 
  of Pelecan Island a little above the Petite River de Seeoux we met a 
  tradeing boat of Mr# Ag# Choteaux of St Louis bound to the River Jacque to 
  trade with the Yanktons, this boat was in Care of a Mr# Henry Delorn, he 
  had exposed all his loading and Sent out five of his hands to hunt they 
  Soon arived with an Elk. we purchased a gallon of whiskey of this man and 
  gave to each man of the party a dram which is the first Spiritious licquor 
  which had been tasted by any of them Since the 4 of July 1805. Several of 
  the party exchanged leather for linen Shirts and beaver for Corse hats. 
  Those men Could inform us nothing more than that all the troops had movd. 
  from the Illinois and that Genl# Wilkinson was prepareing to leave St# 
  Louis. We advised this trader to treat the Tetons with as much Contempt as 
  possible and Stated to him where he would be benefited by such treatment 
  &c &c# and at 1 P# M Set out those men gave us 2 Shots from a 
  Swivell they had on the bow of their boat which we returned in our turn. 
  proceeded on about 3 miles and Came up with two of the hunters, they had 
  not killd# any thing. at 5 miles we over took the Canoe of the other 
  hunters with Shannon in it floating down, the two fields being in the 
  woods behind we Came too on a Sand bar on the N# E# Side and delayed all 
  the after part of the day for the two Fields, Sent out 3 men to hunt in 
  the bottom up the river and observe if they Saw any Sign of the hunters. 
  the evening proved Cloudy and the wind blew hard two pelicans were killed 
  to day. we came 30 Miles only to day the 2 fieldses did not join us I 
  think they are below. The Chief & the Squaws & children are awarey 
  of their journey. Children cry &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1601-1806-09-07
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 7, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 7th September 1806 as we were doubtfull that the two fieldses were 
  behind I derected Sergt# Ordway with 4 men to Continue untill Meridian and 
  if those men did not arive by that hour to proceed on. if we met with them 
  at any Short distance a gun Should be fired which would be a Signal for 
  him to proceed on. we had proceeded on about 8 miles by water and the 
  distance through not more than 1 mile when we Saw the fire of those 2 men, 
  I derected a gun fired as a Signal for Sergt# ordway to proceed on, and 
  took the boys on board. they had killed nothing & informed me they had 
  been Somewhat almd# at our delay, that the distance across from the little 
  Sieoux river was about 1 1/2 miles only, the bottoms thick and Grass very 
  high. we proceded on with a Stiff Breeze ahead (note the evaperation on 
  this portion of the Missouri has been noticed as we assended this river, 
  and it now appears to be greater than it was at that time. I am obliged to 
  replenish my ink Stand every day with fresh ink at least 9/10 of which 
  must evaperate.) we proceded on to a bottom on the S W Side a little above 
  the Soldiers river and Came too and Sent out all the hunters. they killed 
  3 Elk which was at no great distance we Sent out the men and had the flesh 
  brought in Cooked and Dined. Sergt# Ordway Came up & after takeing a 
  Sumptious Dinner we all Set out at 4 P M wind ahead as usial. at Dusk we 
  came too on the lower part of a Sand bar on the S W side found the 
  Musquetors excessively tormenting not withstanding a Stiff breeze from the 
  S# E# a little after dark the wind increased the Musquetors dispersed our 
  Camp of this night is about 2 miles below our Encampment of the 4th of 
  august 1804 ascending we came 44 miles to day only 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1602-1806-09-08
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 8, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Munday 8th September 1806 Set out very early this morning, passed an old 
  tradeing house on the S W Side a few miles above the Council bluffs, at 11 
  A M we Came too at the bluffs and Capt Lewis and myself walked up on the 
  bluffs and around to examine the Country and Situation more particularly, 
  the Situation appeared to us eaqually as eligable as when we passed up for 
  an establishment, the hill high and Commanding with a high rich bottom of 
  great extent below. we proceeded on very well all being anxious to get to 
  the River Platt to day they ply'd their orers very well, and we arived at 
  our old encampment at White Catfish Camp 12 miles above the river platt at 
  which place we lay from the 22th to the 26th of July 1804 here we encamped 
  haveing made 78 Miles to day. The Missouri at this place does not appear 
  to Contain more water than it did 1000 Miles above this, the evaperation 
  must be emence; in the last 1000 miles this river receives the water 20 
  rivers and maney Creeks Several of the Rivers large and the Size of this 
  river or the quantity of water does not appear to increas any ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1603-1806-09-09
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 9, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 9th September 1806 Set out early at 8 A# M passed the enterance of 
  the great river Platt which is at this time low the water nearly clear the 
  Current turbelant as usial; the Sand bars which Choked up the Missouri and 
  Confined the river to a narrow Snagey Chanel are wastd a way and nothing 
  remains but a fiew Small remains of the bear which is covered with drift 
  wood, below the R# Platt the Current of the Missouri becomes evidently 
  more rapid than above and the Snags much more noumerous and bad to pass 
  late in the evening we arived at the Bald pated prarie and encamped 
  imediately opposit our encampment of the 16th and 17th of July 1804. 
  haveing made 73 miles only to day. The river bottoms are extencive rich 
  and Covered with tall large timber, and the hollows of the reveins may be 
  Said to be covered with timber Such as Oake ash Elm and Some walnut & 
  hickory. our party appears extreamly anxious to get on, and every day 
  appears produce new anxieties in them to get to their Country and friends. 
  My worthy friend Cap Lewis has entirely recovered his wounds are heeled up 
  and he Can walk and even run nearly as well as ever he Could. the parts 
  are yet tender &c# &#. 
  = 
  The Musquetors are yet troublesom, tho not So much So as they were above 
  the River platt. the Climate is every day preceptably wormer and air more 
  Sultery than I have experienced for a long time. the nights are now So 
  worm that I sleep Comfortable under a thin blanket, a fiew days past 2 was 
  not more than Sufficient 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1604-1806-09-10
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 10, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 10th of September 1806 we Set out very early this morning and 
  proceeded on very well with wind moderately a head at  ¿¿  P M we met a 
  Mr# Alexander La fass and three french men from St# Louis in a Small 
  perogue on his way to the River Platt to trade with the Pania Luup or Wolf 
  Indians. this man was extreemly friendly to us he offered us any thing he 
  had, we axcepted of a bottle of whisky only which we gave to our party, 
  Mr# la frost informed us that Genl# Wilkinson and all the troops had 
  decended the Mississippi and Mr# Pike and young Mr# Wilkinson had Set out 
  on an expedition up the Arkansaw river or in that direction after a delay 
  of half an hour we proceedd on about 3 miles and met a large perogue and 7 
  Men from St# Louis bound to the Mahars for the purpose of trade, this 
  perogue was in Charge of a Mt# La Craw, we made Some fiew enquiries of 
  this man and again proceeded on through a very bad part of the river 
  Crouded with Snags & Sawyers and incamped on a Sand bar about 4 miles 
  above the Grand Nemahar. we find the river in this timbered Country narrow 
  and more moveing Sands and a much greater quantity of Sawyers or Snags 
  than above. Great caution and much attention is required to Stear Clear of 
  all those dificuelties in this low State of the water. we made 65 Miles to 
  day. we Saw Deer rackoons and turkies on the Shores to day one of the men 
  killed a racoon which the indians very much admired. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1605-1806-09-11
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 11, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 11th Septr# 1806 a heavy Cloud and wind from the N W# detained us 
  untill after Sunrise at which time we Set out and proceeded on very well, 
  passed the nemahar which was low and did not appear as wide as when we 
  passed up. Wolf river Scercely runs at all, at 3 P# M we halted a little 
  above the Nadawa river on the S# Side of the Missouri to kill Some meat 
  that which we killed a fiew days past being all Spoiled. Sent out 6 
  hunters they killed and brought in two Deer only, we proceeded on a fiew 
  miles below the Nadawa Island and encamped on a Small Isld# near the N# E# 
  Side, haveing Came 40 Miles only to day, river rapid and in maney places 
  Crouded with Snag's. I observe on the Shores much deer Sign ¬ the 
  mosquitoes are no longer troublesome on the river, from what cause they 
  are noumerous above and not So on this part of the river I cannot account. 
  Wolves were howling in different directions this evening after we had 
  encamped, and the barking of the little prarie wolves resembled those of 
  our Common Small Dogs that 3/4 of the party believed them to be the dogs 
  of Some boat assending which was yet below us. the barking of those little 
  wolves I have frequently taken notice of on this as also the other Side of 
  the Rocky mountains, and their Bark so much resembles or Sounds to me like 
  our Common Small Cur dogs that I have frequently mistaken them for that 
  Speces of dog ¬ The papaws nearly ripe 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1606-1806-09-12
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 12, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 12th of September 1806 a thick fog a litile before day which blew 
  off at day light. a heavy Dew this morning. we Set out at Sunrise the 
  usial hour and proceeded on very well about 7 miles met 2 perogues from 
  St# Louis one contained the property of Mr# Choteau bound to the panias on 
  River Platt, the other going up trapping as high as the Mahars. here we 
  met one of the french men who had accompanied us as high as the Mandans he 
  informed us that Mr# McClellen was a fiew miles below the wind blew a head 
  Soon after we pased those perogues, we Saw a man on Shore who informed us 
  that he was one of Mr# McClellens party and that he was a Short distance 
  below, we took this man on board and proceeded on and Met Mr# McClellin at 
  the St# Michl# Prarie we came too here we found Mr# Jo# Gravelin the 
  Ricaras enterpreter whome we had Sent down with a Ricaras Chief in the 
  Spring of 1805 and old Mr# Durion the Sieux enterpreter, we examined the 
  instructions of those interpreters and found that Gravelin was ordered to 
  the Ricaras with a Speach from the president of the U# States to that 
  nation and some presents which had been given the Ricara Cheif who had 
  visited the U# States and unfortunately died at the City of Washington, he 
  was instructed to teach the Ricaras agriculture & make every enquirey 
  after Capt Lewis my self and the party Mr# Durion was enstructed to 
  accompany Gravelin and through his influence pass him with his presents 
  & by the tetons bands of Sieux, and to provale on Some of the 
  Principal chiefs of those bands not exceeding six to Visit the Seat of the 
  Government next Spring he was also enstructed to make every enquirey after 
  us. we made Some Small addition to his instructions by extending the 
  number of Chiefs to 10 or 12 or 3 from each band including the Yanktons 
  &c# Mr# McClellin receved us very politely, and gave us all the news 
  and occurrences which had taken place in the Illinois within his knowledge 
  the evening proveing to be wet and Cloudy we Concluded to continue all 
  night, we despatched the two Canoes a head to hunt with 5 hunters in them 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1607-1806-09-13
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 13, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 13th September 1806 rose early Mr# McClellen gave each man a Dram 
  and a little after Sunrise we Set out the wind hard a head from the S E at 
  8 A M we landed at the Camp of the 5 hunters whome we had Sent a head, 
  they had killed nothing, the wind being too high for us to proceed in 
  Safty through the emecity of Snags which was imediately below we concluded 
  to lye by and Sent on the Small Canoes a Short distance to hunt and kill 
  Some meat, we Sent out 2 men in the bottom they Soon returned with one 
  turky and informed that the rushes was so high and thick that it was 
  impossible to kill any deer. I felt my Self very unwell and derected a 
  little Chocolate which Mr# McClellen gave us, prepared of which I drank 
  about a pint and found great relief at 11 A#M# we proceeded on about 1 
  mile and come up with the hunters who had killed 4 deer, here we delayed 
  untill 5 P# M when the hunters all joined us and we again proceded on down 
  a fiew miles and encamped on the N E Side of the Missouri haveing decended 
  18 Miles only to day. the day disagreeably worm. one man George Shannon 
  left his horn and pouch with his powder ball and knife and did not think 
  of it untill night. I walked in the bottom in the thick rushes and the 
  Growth of timber Common to the Illinois Such as cotton wood, Sycamore, ash 
  mulberry, Elm of different Species, walnut, hickory, horn beem, pappaw 
  arrow wood willow, prickly ash, &c and Grape vines, pees of 3 species 
  &c &c# Birds most Common the buzzard Crow the hooting owl and 
  hawks, &c# &c# ¬  
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1608-1806-09-14
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 14, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 14th Sept# 1806 Set out early and proceeded on very well. this 
  being the part of the Missouri the Kanzas nation resort to at this Season 
  of the year for the purpose of robbing the perogues passing up to other 
  nations above, we have every reason to expect to meet with them, and 
  agreeably to their Common Custom of examining every thing in the perogues 
  and takeing what they want out of them, it is probable they may wish to 
  take those liberties with us, which we are deturmined not to allow of and 
  for the Smallest insult we Shall fire on them. at 2 P#M# a little below 
  the lower of the old Kanzas Village we met three large boats bound to the 
  Yanktons and Mahars the property of Mr# Lacroy, Mr# Aiten & Mr# Coutau 
  all from St# Louis, those young men received us with great friendship and 
  pressed on us Some whisky for our men, Bisquet, Pork and Onions, & 
  part of their Stores, we continued near 2 hours with those boats, makeing 
  every enquirey into the state of our friends and Country &c# those men 
  were much affraid of meeting with the Kanzas. we Saw 37 Deer on the banks 
  and in the river to Day 5 of which we killed those deer were Meager. we 
  proceeded on to an Island near the middle of the river below our 
  encampment of the 1st of July 1804 and encamped haveing decended only 53 
  miles to day. our party received a dram and Sung Songs untill 11 oClock at 
  night in the greatest harmoney. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1609-1806-09-15
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 15, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 15th of September 1806 we set out early with a Stiff Breeze a head 
  saw Several deer Swiming the river soon after we Set out. at 11 A#M# 
  passed the enterance of the Kanzas river which was very low, about a mile 
  below we landed and Capt Lewis and my Self assended a hill which appeared 
  to have a Commanding Situation for a fort, the Shore is bold and rocky 
  imediately at the foot of the hill, from the top of the hill you have a 
  perfect Command of the river, this hill fronts the Kanzas and has a view 
  of the Missouri a Short distance above that river. we landed one time only 
  to let the men geather Pappaws or the Custard apple of which this Country 
  abounds, and the men are very fond of. we discovered a Buck Elk on a Small 
  Island, and sent the 2 fields and Shannon in pursute of it they Soon Came 
  up with and killed the Elk, he was large and in fine order we had his 
  flesh Secured and divided. as the winds were unfabourable the greater part 
  of the day we only decended 49 Miles and encamped a Short distance Above 
  Hay Cabin Creek we are not tormented by the Musquetors in this lower 
  portion of the river, as we were above the river plat and as high up as 
  the Rochejhone and for a fiew miles up that river, and above its enterance 
  into the Missouri. we passd Some of the most Charming bottom lands to day 
  and the uplands by no means bad, all well timberd#. the weather 
  disagreeably worm and if it was not for the constant winds which blow from 
  the S# and S E# we Should be almost Suficated Comeing out of a northern 
  Country open and Cool between the Latd# Of 46° and 49° North in which we 
  had been for nearly two years, rapidly decending into a woody Country in a 
  wormer Climate between the Latds# 38°& 39° North is probably the Cause 
  of our experiencing the heat much more Senceable than those who have 
  Continued within the parralel of Latitude. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1610-1806-09-16
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 16, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Tuesday 16th September 1806 we Set out early this morning and proceded on 
  tolerably well the Day proved excessively worm and disagreeable, So much 
  So that the men rowed but little, at 10 A M we met a large tradeing 
  perogue bound for the Panias we continued but a Short time with them. at 
  11 A# M we met young Mr# Bobidoux with a large boat of six ores and 2 
  Canoes, the licenes of this young man was to trade with the Panias Mahars 
  and ottoes reather an extroadanary a license for young a man and without 
  the Seal of the teritory anexed, as Genl# Wilkensons Signeture was not to 
  this instrement we were Somewhat doubtfull of it. Mr# Browns Signeture we 
  were not acquainted with without the Teritorial Seal. we made Some 
  enquireys of this young man and Cautioned him against prosueing the Steps 
  of his brother in attempting to degrade the American Charector in the eyes 
  of the Indians. we proceeded on to an Island a little above our encampment 
  of the 16th & 17th of June 1804 haveing Came 52 miles only to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1611-1806-09-17
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 17, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 17th September 1806 We Set out as usial early pass the Island of 
  the little Osage Village which is considered by the navigater of this 
  river to be the worst place in it. at this place water of the Missouri is 
  confined between an Island and the S E main Shore and passes through a 
  narrow chanel for more than 2 miles which is crouded with Snags in maney 
  places quite across obligeing the navigater to pica, his passage between 
  those Snags as he can, in maney places the current passing with great 
  velocity against the banks which cause them to fall &c# at 11 A#M# we 
  met a Captain McClellin late a Capt# of Artily of the U States Army 
  assending in a large boat. this gentleman an acquaintance of my friend 
  Capt# Lewis was Somewhat astonished to See us return and appeared rejoiced 
  to meet us. we found him a man of information and from whome we received a 
  partial account of the political State of our Country, we were makeing 
  enquires and exchangeing answers &c# untill near mid night. this 
  Gentleman informed us that we had been long Since given out by the people 
  of the U S Generaly and almost forgotton, the President of the U# States 
  had yet hopes of us; we received some civilities of Capt# McClellin, he 
  gave us Some Buisquit, Chocolate Sugar & whiskey, for which our party 
  were in want and for which we made a return of a barrel of corn & much 
  obliges to him. Capt# McClellin informed us that he was on reather a 
  speculative expedition to the confines of New Spain, with the view to 
  entroduce a trade with those people. his plan is to proceede up this river 
  to the Entcrance of the river platt there to form an establishment from 
  which to trade partially with the Panas & Ottoes, to form an 
  acquaintance with the Panias and provail Some of their principal Chiefs to 
  accompany him to Santa Fee where he will appear in a stile calculated to 
  atract the Spanish government in that quarter and through the influence of 
  a handsome present he expects to be promited to exchange his merchindize 
  for Silver & gold of which those people abound. he has a kind of 
  introductory Speach from Govr# Wilkinson to the Panias and Ottoes and a 
  quantity of presents of his own which he purposes distributing to the 
  Panias and ELeatans with a view to gain their protection in the execution 
  of his plans, if the Spanish Governmt# favour his plans, he purposes 
  takeing his merchendize on mules & horses which Can easily be procured 
  of the panias, to Some point convenient to the Spanish Settlements within 
  the Louisiana Teritory to which place the inhabitants of New mexico may 
  meet him for the purpose of trade &c# Capt McClellins plan I think a 
  very good one if strictly prosued &c# 
  = 
  we Sent 5 hunters a head with directions to halt below Grand river and 
  hunt untill we arived which would be in the morning. This day proved 
  worme. we decended only 30 miles to day and encamped 4 miles above Grand 
  river on S E# Side. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1612-1806-09-18
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 18, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 18th of September 1806 we rose early Capt McClellin wrote a 
  letter and we took our leave, and proceeded on passed the Grand river at 7 
  A M# a Short distance below we came up with our hunters, they had killed 
  nothing. at 10 oClock we Came too and gathered pottows to eate we have 
  nothing but a fiew Buisquit to eate and are partly compelled to eate 
  poppows which we find in great quantities on the Shores, the weather we 
  found excessively hot as usial. the lands fine particularly the bottoms. a 
  charming Oake bottom on the S E Side of the Missouri above the 2 
  Charletons rivers we find the Current of this part of the Missouri much 
  more jentle than it was as we assended, the water is now low and where it 
  is much confin'd it is rapid. we saw very little appearance of deer, Saw 
  one bear at a distance and 3 turkeys only to day. our party entirely out 
  of provisions Subsisting on poppaws. we divide the buiskit which amounted 
  to nearly one buisket per man, this in addition to the poppaws is to last 
  is down to the Settlement's which is 150 miles the party appear perfectly 
  contented and tell us that they can live very well on the pappaws. we made 
  52 miles to day only. one of our party J# Potts complains very much of one 
  of his eyes which is burnt by the Sun from exposeing his face without a 
  cover from the Sun. Shannon also complains of his face & eyes &c# 
  Encamped on an Island nearly opposit to the enterance of Mine river. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1613-1806-09-19
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 19, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 19th of Sept# 1806 Set out this morning a little after day & 
  proceeded on very well the men ply their oares & we decended with 
  great velocity, only Came too once for the purpose of gathering pappows, 
  our anxiety as also the wish of the party to proceed on as expeditiously 
  as possible to the Illinois enduce us to continue on without halting to 
  hunt. we Calculate on ariveing at the first Settlements on tomorrow 
  evening which is 140 miles, and objecet of our party is to divide the 
  distance into two days, this day to the Osarge River, and tomorrow to the 
  Charriton a Small french Village ¬ we arived at the Enterance of Osage 
  River at dark and encamped on the Spot we had encamped on the 1st & 2d 
  of June 1804 haveing Came 72 miles. a very singular disorder is takeing 
  place amongst our party that of the Sore eyes. three of the party have 
  their eyes inflamed and Sweled in Such a manner as to render them 
  extreamly painfull, particularly when exposed to the light, the eye ball 
  is much inflaimed and the lid appears burnt with the Sun, the cause of 
  this complaint of the eye I can't account for. from it's Sudden appearance 
  I am willing to believe it may be owing to the reflection of the Sun on 
  the water 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1614-1806-09-20
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 20, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Saturday 20th Septr# 1806 as three of the party was unabled to row from 
  the State of their eyes we found it necessary to leave one of our Crafts 
  and divide the men into the other Canoes, we left the two Canoes lashed 
  together which I had made high up the River Rochejhone, those Canoes we 
  Set a drift and a little after day light we Set out and proceeded on very 
  well. The Osage river very low and discharges but a Small quantity of 
  water at this time for so large a river. at meridian we passed the 
  enterance of the Gasconnade river below which we met a perogue with 5 
  french men bound to the Osarge Gd# village. the party being extreemly 
  anxious to get down ply their ores very well, we Saw Some cows on the bank 
  which was a joyfull Sight to the party and Caused a Shout to be raised for 
  joy at  ¿¿  P M we Came in Sight of the little french Village called 
  Charriton the men raised a Shout and Sprung upon their ores and we soon 
  landed opposit to the Village. our party requested to be permited to fire 
  off their Guns which was alowed & they discharged 3 rounds with a 
  harty Cheer, which was returned from five tradeing boats which lay opposit 
  the village. we landed and were very politely received by two young Scotch 
  men from Canada one in the employ of Mr# Aird a Mr#  ¿¿  and the other Mr# 
  Reed, two other boats the property of Mr# Lacomb & Mr#  ¿¿  all of 
  those boats were bound to the Osage and Ottoes. those two young Scotch 
  gentlemen furnished us with Beef flower and Some pork for our men, and 
  gave us a very agreeable supper. as it was like to rain we accepted of a 
  bed in one of their tents. we purchased of a Citizen two gallons of 
  Whiskey for our party for which we were obliged to give Eight dollars in 
  Cash, an imposition on the part of the Citizen. every person, both French 
  and americans Seem to express great pleasure at our return, and 
  acknowledged them selves much astonished in Seeing us return. they 
  informed us that we were Supposed to have been lost long Since, and were 
  entirely given out by every person &c# 
  = 
  Those boats are from Canada in the batteaux form and wide in perpotion to 
  their length. their length about 30 feet and the width 8 feet & 
  pointed bow & Stern, flat bottom and rowing Six ores only the 
  Skeneckeity form. those Bottoms are prepared for the navigation of this 
  river, I beleive them to be the best Calculated for the navigation of this 
  river of any which I have Seen. they are wide and flat not Subject to the 
  dangers of the roleing Sands, which larger boats are on this river. the 
  American inhabitants express great disgust for the govermt of this 
  Teritory. from what I can lern it arises from a disapmt. of getting all 
  the Spanish Grants Confirmed. Came 68 ms# to day. 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1615-1806-09-21
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 21, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Sunday 21st Septr# 1806 rose early this morning Colected our men Several 
  of them had axcepted of the invitation of the Citizens and visited their 
  families. at half after 7 A# M we Set out. passed 12 canoes of Kickapoos 
  assending on a hunting expedition. Saw Several persons also Stock of 
  different kind on the bank which reviv'd the party very much. at 3 P M we 
  met two large boats assending. at 4 P M we arived in Sight of St# Charles, 
  the party rejoiced at the Sight of this hospital village plyed thear ores 
  with great dexterity and we Soon arived opposit the Town, this day being 
  Sunday we observed a number of Gentlemen and ladies walking on the bank, 
  we Saluted the Village by three rounds from our blunderbuts and the Small 
  arms of the party, and landed near the lower part of the town. we were met 
  by great numbers of the inhabitants, we found them excessively polite. we 
  received invitations from Several of those Gentlemen a Mr# Proulx, Taboe, 
  Decett, Tice Dejonah & Quarie and several who were pressing on us to 
  go to their houses, we could only visit Mr# Proulx and Mr# Deucett in the 
  course of the evening. Mr# Querie under took to Supply our party with 
  provisions &c# the inhabitants of this village appear much delighted 
  at our return and seem to vie with each other in their politeness to us 
  all. we Came only 48 miles today. the banks of the river thinly Settled 
  &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1616-1806-09-22
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 22, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Monday 22nd of Sept# 1806 This morning being very wet and the rain Still 
  Continueing hard, and our party being all Sheltered in the houses of those 
  hospitable people, we did not think proper to proceed on untill after the 
  rain was over, and continued at the house of Mr# Proulx. I took this 
  oppertunity of writeing to my friends in Kentucky &c# at 10 A M# it 
  seased raining and we Colected our party and Set out and proceeded on down 
  to the Contonemt# at Coldwater Creek about 3 miles up the Missouri on it's 
  Southern banks, at this place we found Colo# Hunt & a Lieut Peters 
  & one Company of Artillerists we were kindly received by the Gentlemen 
  of this place. Mrs# Wilkinson the Lady of the Govr# & Genl# we wer 
  Sorry to find in delicate health. 
  = 
  we were honored with a Salute of  ¿¿  Guns and a harty welcom at this 
  place there is a publick Store kept in which I am informed the U# S have 
  60000$ worth of indian Goods 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1617-1806-09-23
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 23, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 23rd of Septr# 1806 we rose early took the Chief to the publick 
  store & furnished him with Some clothes &c# took an early 
  breckfast with Colo# Hunt and Set out decended to the Mississippi and down 
  that river to St# Louis at which place we arived about 12 oClock. we 
  Suffered the party to fire off their pieces as a Salute to the Town. we 
  were met by all the village and received a harty welcom from it's 
  inhabitants &#. here I found my old acquaintance Majr# W# Christy who 
  had Settled in this town in a public line as a Tavern Keeper. he furnished 
  us with Store rooms for our baggage and we accepted of the invitation of 
  Mr# Peter Choteau and took a room in his house we payed a friendly visit 
  to Mr August Chotau and Some of our old friends this evening. as the post 
  had departed from St# Louis Capt Lewis wrote a note to Mr# Hay in Kahoka 
  to detain the post at that place untill 12 tomorrow which was reather 
  later than his usial time of leaveing it 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1618-1806-09-24
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 24, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Wednesday 24th of September 1806 I sleped but little last night however we 
  rose early and Commencd wrighting our letters Capt# Lewis wrote one to the 
  presidend and I wrote Govr# Harrison & my friends in Kentucky and Sent 
  of George Drewyer with those letters to Kohoka & delivered them to Mr# 
  Hays &#. we dined with Mr# Chotoux to day, and after dinner went to a 
  Store and purchased Some Clothes, which we gave to a Tayler and derected 
  to be made. Capt Lewis in opening his trunk found all his papers wet, and 
  Some Seeds spoiled 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1619-1806-09-25
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 25, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Thursday 25th of Septr# 1806 had all of our Skins &c# Suned and Stored 
  away in a Storeroom of Mr# Caddy Choteau. payed Some visits of form, to 
  the gentlemen of St# Louis. in the evening a dinner & Ball 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
#FILE 1620-1806-09-26
@section 2 {day}
@section 3 {au}
  Clark
@section 3 {dt}
  September 26, 1806
@section 3 {txc}
  Friday 26th of September 1806 a fine morning we commenced wrighting &c# 
  = 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
