# Created on 2026-09-25 20:04:53 UTC by work/tabulate_pinyin_consonant_pairs.py . # Input file: Shennong Bencao Jing, Mandarin pinyin reading # with many errors but good enough for stats. # Each row is the initial consonant of word (syllable) t[k]. # Each colum is the initial consonant of word (syllable) t[k+2]. # Considers only words in the same recipe. # The first column is the row total and its percentage over total pairs. # The last row is the column total and its percentage over total pairs. # Each of the other entries is the count for the pair and its percentage over the row total. -- b c ch d f g h j k l m n p q r s sh t w x y z zh ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- -- 196 (1.6%) 2 (1.0%) 9 (4.6%) 13 (6.6%) 11 (5.6%) 3 (1.5%) 7 (3.6%) 3 (1.5%) 5 (2.6%) 20 (10.2%) 1 (0.5%) 9 (4.6%) 6 (3.1%) 2 (1.0%) 5 (2.6%) 6 (3.1%) 3 (1.5%) 3 (1.5%) 19 (9.7%) 5 (2.6%) 5 (2.6%) 16 (8.2%) 16 (8.2%) 13 (6.6%) 14 (7.1%) b 532 (4.2%) 6 (1.1%) 15 (2.8%) 1 (0.2%) 21 (3.9%) 12 (2.3%) 20 (3.8%) 8 (1.5%) 13 (2.4%) 44 (8.3%) 4 (0.8%) 26 (4.9%) 14 (2.6%) 15 (2.8%) 4 (0.8%) 42 (7.9%) 14 (2.6%) 8 (1.5%) 58 (10.9%) 15 (2.8%) 34 (6.4%) 36 (6.8%) 73 (13.7%) 25 (4.7%) 24 (4.5%) c 72 (0.6%) 0 7 (9.7%) 1 (1.4%) 4 (5.6%) 1 (1.4%) 2 (2.8%) 3 (4.2%) 1 (1.4%) 5 (6.9%) 8 (11.1%) 0 6 (8.3%) 0 0 5 (6.9%) 0 1 (1.4%) 4 (5.6%) 1 (1.4%) 6 (8.3%) 9 (12.5%) 5 (6.9%) 0 3 (4.2%) ch 415 (3.3%) 5 (1.2%) 16 (3.9%) 0 24 (5.8%) 10 (2.4%) 24 (5.8%) 7 (1.7%) 13 (3.1%) 43 (10.4%) 2 (0.5%) 11 (2.7%) 22 (5.3%) 6 (1.4%) 5 (1.2%) 27 (6.5%) 22 (5.3%) 2 (0.5%) 43 (10.4%) 14 (3.4%) 17 (4.1%) 27 (6.5%) 28 (6.7%) 9 (2.2%) 38 (9.2%) d 356 (2.8%) 7 (2.0%) 18 (5.1%) 1 (0.3%) 19 (5.3%) 5 (1.4%) 17 (4.8%) 10 (2.8%) 9 (2.5%) 14 (3.9%) 9 (2.5%) 12 (3.4%) 17 (4.8%) 5 (1.4%) 3 (0.8%) 5 (1.4%) 5 (1.4%) 7 (2.0%) 41 (11.5%) 3 (0.8%) 22 (6.2%) 23 (6.5%) 20 (5.6%) 9 (2.5%) 75 (21.1%) f 463 (3.7%) 6 (1.3%) 22 (4.8%) 0 13 (2.8%) 10 (2.2%) 4 (0.9%) 9 (1.9%) 19 (4.1%) 46 (9.9%) 3 (0.6%) 9 (1.9%) 15 (3.2%) 11 (2.4%) 6 (1.3%) 31 (6.7%) 23 (5.0%) 8 (1.7%) 112 (24.2%) 9 (1.9%) 22 (4.8%) 33 (7.1%) 23 (5.0%) 5 (1.1%) 24 (5.2%) g 367 (2.9%) 5 (1.4%) 9 (2.5%) 0 7 (1.9%) 5 (1.4%) 15 (4.1%) 29 (7.9%) 14 (3.8%) 20 (5.4%) 8 (2.2%) 7 (1.9%) 14 (3.8%) 3 (0.8%) 9 (2.5%) 6 (1.6%) 9 (2.5%) 4 (1.1%) 36 (9.8%) 7 (1.9%) 38 (10.4%) 21 (5.7%) 21 (5.7%) 2 (0.5%) 78 (21.3%) h 559 (4.5%) 5 (0.9%) 33 (5.9%) 0 25 (4.5%) 17 (3.0%) 18 (3.2%) 13 (2.3%) 11 (2.0%) 26 (4.7%) 22 (3.9%) 17 (3.0%) 20 (3.6%) 8 (1.4%) 12 (2.1%) 9 (1.6%) 15 (2.7%) 17 (3.0%) 54 (9.7%) 12 (2.1%) 33 (5.9%) 39 (7.0%) 20 (3.6%) 5 (0.9%) 128 (22.9%) j 931 (7.4%) 25 (2.7%) 37 (4.0%) 5 (0.5%) 44 (4.7%) 26 (2.8%) 34 (3.7%) 26 (2.8%) 35 (3.8%) 92 (9.9%) 15 (1.6%) 34 (3.7%) 45 (4.8%) 16 (1.7%) 11 (1.2%) 113 (12.1%) 27 (2.9%) 15 (1.6%) 84 (9.0%) 33 (3.5%) 30 (3.2%) 61 (6.6%) 64 (6.9%) 17 (1.8%) 42 (4.5%) k 224 (1.8%) 1 (0.4%) 4 (1.8%) 0 5 (2.2%) 8 (3.6%) 3 (1.3%) 0 23 (10.3%) 5 (2.2%) 1 (0.4%) 4 (1.8%) 2 (0.9%) 1 (0.4%) 2 (0.9%) 3 (1.3%) 1 (0.4%) 1 (0.4%) 15 (6.7%) 2 (0.9%) 24 (10.7%) 9 (4.0%) 11 (4.9%) 0 99 (44.2%) l 522 (4.2%) 6 (1.1%) 33 (6.3%) 3 (0.6%) 45 (8.6%) 18 (3.4%) 21 (4.0%) 15 (2.9%) 15 (2.9%) 37 (7.1%) 13 (2.5%) 13 (2.5%) 46 (8.8%) 17 (3.3%) 9 (1.7%) 16 (3.1%) 9 (1.7%) 8 (1.5%) 57 (10.9%) 16 (3.1%) 39 (7.5%) 32 (6.1%) 31 (5.9%) 10 (1.9%) 13 (2.5%) m 644 (5.1%) 5 (0.8%) 10 (1.6%) 11 (1.7%) 31 (4.8%) 11 (1.7%) 25 (3.9%) 35 (5.4%) 32 (5.0%) 54 (8.4%) 14 (2.2%) 35 (5.4%) 53 (8.2%) 9 (1.4%) 10 (1.6%) 28 (4.3%) 7 (1.1%) 10 (1.6%) 64 (9.9%) 21 (3.3%) 37 (5.7%) 37 (5.7%) 52 (8.1%) 10 (1.6%) 43 (6.7%) n 264 (2.1%) 1 (0.4%) 9 (3.4%) 0 13 (4.9%) 8 (3.0%) 6 (2.3%) 2 (0.8%) 4 (1.5%) 13 (4.9%) 1 (0.4%) 16 (6.1%) 25 (9.5%) 2 (0.8%) 0 33 (12.5%) 11 (4.2%) 3 (1.1%) 30 (11.4%) 8 (3.0%) 10 (3.8%) 22 (8.3%) 34 (12.9%) 8 (3.0%) 5 (1.9%) p 272 (2.2%) 5 (1.8%) 5 (1.8%) 1 (0.4%) 5 (1.8%) 13 (4.8%) 2 (0.7%) 7 (2.6%) 4 (1.5%) 31 (11.4%) 3 (1.1%) 12 (4.4%) 2 (0.7%) 1 (0.4%) 1 (0.4%) 11 (4.0%) 8 (2.9%) 4 (1.5%) 8 (2.9%) 2 (0.7%) 8 (2.9%) 14 (5.1%) 7 (2.6%) 1 (0.4%) 117 (43.0%) q 637 (5.1%) 9 (1.4%) 47 (7.4%) 5 (0.8%) 48 (7.5%) 14 (2.2%) 28 (4.4%) 23 (3.6%) 14 (2.2%) 48 (7.5%) 9 (1.4%) 14 (2.2%) 42 (6.6%) 28 (4.4%) 8 (1.3%) 10 (1.6%) 22 (3.5%) 8 (1.3%) 56 (8.8%) 13 (2.0%) 25 (3.9%) 27 (4.2%) 68 (10.7%) 15 (2.4%) 56 (8.8%) r 314 (2.5%) 7 (2.2%) 7 (2.2%) 2 (0.6%) 17 (5.4%) 7 (2.2%) 8 (2.5%) 7 (2.2%) 12 (3.8%) 38 (12.1%) 7 (2.2%) 16 (5.1%) 23 (7.3%) 4 (1.3%) 5 (1.6%) 28 (8.9%) 3 (1.0%) 5 (1.6%) 24 (7.6%) 11 (3.5%) 6 (1.9%) 20 (6.4%) 13 (4.1%) 14 (4.5%) 30 (9.6%) s 203 (1.6%) 2 (1.0%) 4 (2.0%) 0 4 (2.0%) 8 (3.9%) 14 (6.9%) 0 13 (6.4%) 21 (10.3%) 2 (1.0%) 4 (2.0%) 11 (5.4%) 4 (2.0%) 4 (2.0%) 12 (5.9%) 2 (1.0%) 5 (2.5%) 24 (11.8%) 3 (1.5%) 15 (7.4%) 8 (3.9%) 16 (7.9%) 2 (1.0%) 25 (12.3%) sh 1160 (9.3%) 9 (0.8%) 31 (2.7%) 1 (0.1%) 66 (5.7%) 26 (2.2%) 18 (1.6%) 254 (21.9%) 27 (2.3%) 52 (4.5%) 15 (1.3%) 58 (5.0%) 55 (4.7%) 32 (2.8%) 9 (0.8%) 30 (2.6%) 18 (1.6%) 22 (1.9%) 127 (10.9%) 13 (1.1%) 56 (4.8%) 43 (3.7%) 67 (5.8%) 96 (8.3%) 35 (3.0%) t 331 (2.6%) 4 (1.2%) 14 (4.2%) 2 (0.6%) 21 (6.3%) 11 (3.3%) 10 (3.0%) 9 (2.7%) 7 (2.1%) 26 (7.9%) 8 (2.4%) 11 (3.3%) 26 (7.9%) 9 (2.7%) 8 (2.4%) 16 (4.8%) 9 (2.7%) 8 (2.4%) 34 (10.3%) 10 (3.0%) 17 (5.1%) 21 (6.3%) 19 (5.7%) 9 (2.7%) 22 (6.6%) w 780 (6.2%) 6 (0.8%) 10 (1.3%) 0 11 (1.4%) 21 (2.7%) 6 (0.8%) 9 (1.2%) 95 (12.2%) 16 (2.1%) 7 (0.9%) 15 (1.9%) 16 (2.1%) 3 (0.4%) 130 (16.7%) 13 (1.7%) 6 (0.8%) 8 (1.0%) 32 (4.1%) 5 (0.6%) 141 (18.1%) 43 (5.5%) 30 (3.8%) 2 (0.3%) 155 (19.9%) x 831 (6.6%) 16 (1.9%) 53 (6.4%) 2 (0.2%) 40 (4.8%) 10 (1.2%) 14 (1.7%) 15 (1.8%) 38 (4.6%) 54 (6.5%) 14 (1.7%) 27 (3.2%) 35 (4.2%) 16 (1.9%) 18 (2.2%) 43 (5.2%) 16 (1.9%) 8 (1.0%) 69 (8.3%) 29 (3.5%) 45 (5.4%) 55 (6.6%) 43 (5.2%) 15 (1.8%) 156 (18.8%) y 874 (7.0%) 16 (1.8%) 48 (5.5%) 3 (0.3%) 28 (3.2%) 33 (3.8%) 21 (2.4%) 32 (3.7%) 31 (3.5%) 70 (8.0%) 15 (1.7%) 59 (6.8%) 44 (5.0%) 15 (1.7%) 11 (1.3%) 51 (5.8%) 11 (1.3%) 13 (1.5%) 96 (11.0%) 35 (4.0%) 47 (5.4%) 44 (5.0%) 89 (10.2%) 12 (1.4%) 50 (5.7%) z 246 (2.0%) 4 (1.6%) 8 (3.3%) 1 (0.4%) 12 (4.9%) 2 (0.8%) 17 (6.9%) 13 (5.3%) 6 (2.4%) 14 (5.7%) 9 (3.7%) 5 (2.0%) 8 (3.3%) 5 (2.0%) 2 (0.8%) 13 (5.3%) 7 (2.8%) 4 (1.6%) 25 (10.2%) 8 (3.3%) 17 (6.9%) 22 (8.9%) 18 (7.3%) 7 (2.8%) 19 (7.7%) zh 1344 (10.7%) 40 (3.0%) 44 (3.3%) 4 (0.3%) 51 (3.8%) 49 (3.6%) 108 (8.0%) 39 (2.9%) 70 (5.2%) 106 (7.9%) 25 (1.9%) 51 (3.8%) 55 (4.1%) 43 (3.2%) 21 (1.6%) 55 (4.1%) 62 (4.6%) 15 (1.1%) 113 (8.4%) 40 (3.0%) 57 (4.2%) 132 (9.8%) 61 (4.5%) 31 (2.3%) 72 (5.4%) ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- TT 12537 192 (1.5%) 493 (3.9%) 56 (0.4%) 565 (4.5%) 328 (2.6%) 442 (3.5%) 568 (4.5%) 511 (4.1%) 895 (7.1%) 215 (1.7%) 465 (3.7%) 602 (4.8%) 255 (2.0%) 293 (2.3%) 606 (4.8%) 310 (2.5%) 187 (1.5%) 1225 (9.8%) 315 (2.5%) 751 (6.0%) 794 (6.3%) 829 (6.6%) 317 (2.5%) 1323 (10.6%)